First line of each book in red. Corrected throughout the half-uncial part by an expert reader who wrote 'contuli' beside each quire-mark (except that on fol. 288v, at that time the blank last page), and beside the colophon of each book. On fol. 288 is 'contuli in nomine domini iesu christi aput karalis constitutus anno quarto decimo transamundi regis', i.e. Caralis (Cagliari in Sardinia) AD 509–10. Annotated by an almost contemporary hand in sloping uncials with interesting abbreviations.
","Written probably at Cagliari by North African exiles in the school of Fulgentius of Ruspe and Fulgentius Ferrandus and doubtless corrected by one of them. One leaf, fol. 12, is restored saec. VIII by a hand showing Visigothic symptoms (see No. 1c). On fol. 201 'liber iste sanctus est' is added in Corbie a-b script, ca. 800. On fol. 33v, the last blank page of an added quire, a tenth-century hand entered Ekkehard's verses on St Benedict.
","☛F. Troncarelli, 'L'odissea di un'odissea : note sull'Ilario basilicano (Arch. San Pietro D 182)' Scriptorium 45 (1991) 3–21. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine Pl. 20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/1.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/1.jpg 2,2,Uncial,"VI in (post 509–510)",509,510,1,1b,"Origin probably the same as that of the half-uncial part ([CLA 1a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1)).",1,39.2238,9.1219,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, Liber 1 ad Constantium, Contra Auxentium, De Synodis.",Parchment,"Basilican Hilary.",,"TM 60172",1459942949-1b.jpg,"fol. 298",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Arch.Cap.S.Pietro.D.182/0584,"Apparently when the half-uncial was corrected in 509–10, the bottom of fol. 288r and all of fol. 288v were blank, and the corrector who signed on fol. 288r did not sign the quire-mark on fol. 288v, which is by the original hand and alone lacks the 'contuli' underneath. Presumably this was because the full and complete 'contuli' with the date occurs on the preceding page. Apparently soon afterwards the blank space remaining in the quire was utilized for the beginning of the uncial 'Liber 1 ad Constantium', and further quires, of which three (XXXIX–XLI) survive, were made to conform in size to the original MS, but the parchment is different, showing marginal prickings, and the quire-marks are different though continuous.","☛F. Troncarelli, 'L'odissea di un'odissea : note sull'Ilario basilicano (Arch. San Pietro D 182)' [Scriptorium 45 (1991) 3–21](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1991_num_45_1_1578).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2,"Apparently when the half-uncial was corrected in 509–10, the bottom of fol. 288r and all of fol. 288v were blank, and the corrector who signed on fol. 288r did not sign the quire-mark on fol. 288v, which is by the original hand and alone lacks the 'contuli' underneath. Presumably this was because the full and complete 'contuli' with the date occurs on the preceding page. Apparently soon afterwards the blank space remaining in the quire was utilized for the beginning of the uncial 'Liber 1 ad Constantium', and further quires, of which three (XXXIX–XLI) survive, were made to conform in size to the original MS, but the parchment is different, showing marginal prickings, and the quire-marks are different though continuous.
","Origin probably the same as that of the half-uncial part (CLA 1a).
","☛F. Troncarelli, 'L'odissea di un'odissea : note sull'Ilario basilicano (Arch. San Pietro D 182)' Scriptorium 45 (1991) 3–21.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/2.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/2.jpg 3,3,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,1,1c,"Origin uncertain. It replaces the first leaf of quire III, which is the first surviving old quire of the half-uncial portion of the MS described above ([No. 1a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1)).",0,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate.",Parchment,"Basilican Hilary.",,"TM 60172",1459942978-1c.jpg,"fol. 12v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Arch.Cap.S.Pietro.D.182/0029,"The occurrence of an uncial **g**, of the Visigothic **t**, and of the characteristically Visigothic ligature of **at** are worthy of note.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/3,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/3,"The occurrence of an uncial g, of the Visigothic t, and of the characteristically Visigothic ligature of at are worthy of note.
","Origin uncertain. It replaces the first leaf of quire III, which is the first surviving old quire of the half-uncial portion of the MS described above (No. 1a).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/3.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/3.jpg 4,4,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,2,"Written probably in Italy. Used as a fly-leaf to a twelfth-century Orationale with neumes which was probably written near Rome. The fly-leaf was folded in two and bears the old foliations 157 and 168.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Nm, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66096",,"fol. 1v",,,"The left bow of **M** is usually closed. The cross-stroke of **T** is finished at each end by a down-stroke. **FF** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/4,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/4,"The left bow of M is usually closed. The cross-stroke of T is finished at each end by a down-stroke. FF run together.
","Written probably in Italy. Used as a fly-leaf to a twelfth-century Orationale with neumes which was probably written near Rome. The fly-leaf was folded in two and bears the old foliations 157 and 168.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/4.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/4.jpg 5,5,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,1,3,"Written apparently in France. Belonged in the fifteenth century to Cardinal Giordano Orsini (1405–39), whose arms are on fol. 1.",3,,,"Cicero, In Pisonem (32–74).",Parchment,,,"TM 66097",,"fol. 2v",,,"Artificial uncial of uneven quality, at times very careless. ","☛Perhaps written in Italy: Bischof and Olsen, Scriptorium 60 (2006), p. 215*. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/5,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/5,"Artificial uncial of uneven quality, at times very careless.
","Written apparently in France. Belonged in the fifteenth century to Cardinal Giordano Orsini (1405–39), whose arms are on fol. 1.
","☛Perhaps written in Italy: Bischof and Olsen, Scriptorium 60 (2006), p. 215*.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/5.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/5.jpg 6,6,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,4,"Origin uncertain, but doubtless some continental centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Used as fly-leaf to a MS of Hieronymus in Epistulam Pauli ad Galatas, in minuscule saec. IX, from Corbie. The two other known MSS of Theodorus also come from Corbie (London Harley 3063 and Amiens 88).",0,,,"Theodorus Mopsuestenus, In Epistulam Pauli ad Timotheum 2 (fragm.); Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum 2.",Parchment,,,"TM 66098",,"fol. ii",,,"Written rapidly in continental Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a fine pen: **r** is easily mistaken for **n**; **d** has an **s**-like flourish; **s** goes below the line. ","☛See also CLA [5.**4](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/872).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/6,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/6,"Written rapidly in continental Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a fine pen: r is easily mistaken for n; d has an s-like flourish; s goes below the line.
","Origin uncertain, but doubtless some continental centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Used as fly-leaf to a MS of Hieronymus in Epistulam Pauli ad Galatas, in minuscule saec. IX, from Corbie. The two other known MSS of Theodorus also come from Corbie (London Harley 3063 and Amiens 88).
","☛See also CLA 5.**4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/6.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/6.jpg 7,7,"Insular Minuscule",VIII,701,800,1,5a,"Written in North Italy in an Insular centre. The whole MS was inserted in its present place among the Vaticani by Cardinal Mai to replace a printed book.",2,,,"Augustinus, In Epistulas Pauli ad Romanos et ad Galatas.",Parchment,,,"TM 66103",,"fol. 13v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.491,"The scribe has attempted to write the first page and in part the next two pages in a kind of majuscule. On fol. [10](http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.491/0027) occur a few words in uncial. Many corrections, alterations, and additions in North Italian minuscule of the eighth and later centuries.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/7,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/7,"The scribe has attempted to write the first page and in part the next two pages in a kind of majuscule. On fol. 10 occur a few words in uncial. Many corrections, alterations, and additions in North Italian minuscule of the eighth and later centuries.
","Written in North Italy in an Insular centre. The whole MS was inserted in its present place among the Vaticani by Cardinal Mai to replace a printed book.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/7.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/7.jpg 8,8,"Insular Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,1,5b,"Written doubtless in the same centre as [5a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/7). The whole Vatican MS was inserted in its present place among the Vaticani by Cardinal Mai to replace a printed book. The Laurentian MS has on a paper fly-leaf the arms of 'Le Comte D. Boutourlin' and later belonged to Lord Ashburnham.",2,,,"Ps- Augustinus, Hypomnesticon; Ambrosiaster, In Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66103",,"fol. 37",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.491/0077,"Script is a debased Irish minuscule, crowded and ungainly, apparently under continental influence, but some contemporary marginalia are in pure Insular. Over the erased lower half of fol. 75 of the Laurentian MS is a prayer in minuscule saec. X, which continues on fol. 75v.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/8,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/8,"Script is a debased Irish minuscule, crowded and ungainly, apparently under continental influence, but some contemporary marginalia are in pure Insular. Over the erased lower half of fol. 75 of the Laurentian MS is a prayer in minuscule saec. X, which continues on fol. 75v.
","Written doubtless in the same centre as 5a. The whole Vatican MS was inserted in its present place among the Vaticani by Cardinal Mai to replace a printed book. The Laurentian MS has on a paper fly-leaf the arms of 'Le Comte D. Boutourlin' and later belonged to Lord Ashburnham.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/8.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/8.jpg 9,9,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,6,"Written in a Germanic area.",3,,,"Eucherius, Formulae Spiritalis Intellegentiae, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66104",,"fol. 44",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.553,"Many cursive elements survive, e.g. the ligatures **ri**, **ti**, superior **a**, **nt** in two forms even in mid-line.",,,3,11,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/9,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/9,"Many cursive elements survive, e.g. the ligatures ri, ti, superior a, nt in two forms even in mid-line.
","Written in a Germanic area.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/9.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/9.jpg 10,10,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,7,"Written in Germany.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (11–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66105",,"foll. 1, 190v",,,"Script a Germanic minuscule of the Reichenau type: **a** is usually open, but the uncial **a** occurs; the ligature **nt** is used freely in mid-word—a characteristic of this type—and ligatures of **ri** and occasionally of **ti** occur.",,,3,11,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/10,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/10,"Script a Germanic minuscule of the Reichenau type: a is usually open, but the uncial a occurs; the ligature nt is used freely in mid-word—a characteristic of this type—and ligatures of ri and occasionally of ti occur.
","Written in Germany.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/10.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/10.jpg 11,11,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,1,8,"Written probably at Verona. The script is very similar to that of Verona 53 (51), a MS of Facundus. On fol. 25 is the fifteenth century entry 'de Verona'. The added leaves at the beginning of the MS are in Veronese minuscule saec. IX; and of the leaves formerly at the end (foll. 280–86, now separately bound as Vatic. Lat. 1322 A), three are in Veronese minuscule saec. IX and the others contain entries of records pertaining to Verona (saec. XII).",1,,,"Acta Synodi Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66106",,"fol. 187v",,,"Marginal titles in rude capitals by the scribe. Some seventh-century North Italian cursive corrections and marginalia, e.g. fol. 28v; eighth-century cursive marginalia on foll. 178v, 196v. Notae Tironianae. A ninth-century reader, probably archdeacon Pacificus (b. 776), made notes on many pages.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/11,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/11,"Marginal titles in rude capitals by the scribe. Some seventh-century North Italian cursive corrections and marginalia, e.g. fol. 28v; eighth-century cursive marginalia on foll. 178v, 196v. Notae Tironianae. A ninth-century reader, probably archdeacon Pacificus (b. 776), made notes on many pages.
","Written probably at Verona. The script is very similar to that of Verona 53 (51), a MS of Facundus. On fol. 25 is the fifteenth century entry 'de Verona'. The added leaves at the beginning of the MS are in Veronese minuscule saec. IX; and of the leaves formerly at the end (foll. 280–86, now separately bound as Vatic. Lat. 1322 A), three are in Veronese minuscule saec. IX and the others contain entries of records pertaining to Verona (saec. XII).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/11.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/11.jpg 12,12,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,9,"Main MS written in Italy. The Ballerini report a tradition connecting the volume with the ancient Lateran Library.",3,,,Canones.,Parchment,,,"TM 66107",,"fol. 149v",,,"Several uncial hands in the original MS: one hand uses various forms of **A**, and makes the second upright of **N** comma-shaped; the cross-stroke of **T** has pendant down-strokes; **LL** run together. The later uncial hand saec. VIII–IX frequently erases the top line and adds it at the foot of the preceding page, as seen in CLA plate.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/12,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/12,"Several uncial hands in the original MS: one hand uses various forms of A, and makes the second upright of N comma-shaped; the cross-stroke of T has pendant down-strokes; LL run together. The later uncial hand saec. VIII–IX frequently erases the top line and adds it at the foot of the preceding page, as seen in CLA plate.
","Main MS written in Italy. The Ballerini report a tradition connecting the volume with the ancient Lateran Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/12.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/12.jpg 13,13,Minuscule,"VIII ex",775,800,1,10,"Written in Luxeuil. Reached Italy before 1466. The text is akin to that of Florence, Laur. XLV. 15 (CLA [3.297a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/628) and [3.297b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/629)) and of Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1484.",3,47.8168,6.3811,"Tiberius Claudius Donatus, Interpretationes Vergilianae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66108",,"fol. 91",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.1512,"Script is an early example of Caroline minuscule under Insular influence. Red uncial used for lemmata.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) and provenance (France) changed to follow Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 224–5. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/13,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/13,"Script is an early example of Caroline minuscule under Insular influence. Red uncial used for lemmata.
","Written in Luxeuil. Reached Italy before 1466. The text is akin to that of Florence, Laur. XLV. 15 (CLA 3.297a and 3.297b) and of Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1484.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) and provenance (France) changed to follow Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 224–5. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/13.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/13.jpg 14,14,"Rustic Capital",IV,301,400,1,11,"Origin presumably Italy. The connexion with Cassiodorus is a mere guess; the arguments for Spain seem unconvincing. Marginalia of different periods. Belonged to Pontanus (1426–1503), later to Bembo and to Fulvio Orsini (†1600), after whose death it came into the Papal Library in 1602.",3,,,"Vergilius, Georgica (3–4), Aeneis (1–11).",Parchment,"Vergilius Vaticanus. (F)",,"TM 65873",,"fol. VIIv",,http://digital.vatlib.it/en/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3225,"Script is an old type of Rustic capital with **M** and **N** broad; **H** has the simple capital form; **F** and **L** rise slightly above the line; **G** has two forms. Each page begins with a slightly larger letter.","☛Steffens, Paléographie [Pl. 10](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/011_tav003.pdf).",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/14,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/14,"Script is an old type of Rustic capital with M and N broad; H has the simple capital form; F and L rise slightly above the line; G has two forms. Each page begins with a slightly larger letter.
","Origin presumably Italy. The connexion with Cassiodorus is a mere guess; the arguments for Spain seem unconvincing. Marginalia of different periods. Belonged to Pontanus (1426–1503), later to Bembo and to Fulvio Orsini (†1600), after whose death it came into the Papal Library in 1602.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie Pl. 10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/14.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/14.jpg 15,15,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,1,"** (p. 5)","Written presumably in Rome before the year 494, according to an entry found on fol. 8 of the Florence MS. Belonged to Bobbio; listed in the 1461 catalogue. The leaf in the Vatican was separated probably in the period 1500–21, when the whole MS was there. The codex came to the Medicean Library soon after 1577.",3,,,"Vergilius, Bucolica, Georgica, Aeneis.",Parchment,"Vergilius Mediceus. (M)",,"TM 65874",,"fol. LXXVIv",,,,"☛See CLA [3.296](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/603). ",,,,2,603,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/15,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/15,,"Written presumably in Rome before the year 494, according to an entry found on fol. 8 of the Florence MS. Belonged to Bobbio; listed in the 1461 catalogue. The leaf in the Vatican was separated probably in the period 1500–21, when the whole MS was there. The codex came to the Medicean Library soon after 1577.
","☛See CLA 3.296.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/15.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/15.jpg 16,16,"Rustic Capital","IV med–V med",351,450,1,12,"Written probably in Italy. Belonged to Giantonio de' Pandoni (Porcellio) saec. XV med. Acquired in 1457 by Bernardo Bembo; later became the property of Fulvio Orsini. All these names are on it. It came into the Vatican in 1600.",3,,,"Terentius, Fabulae.",Parchment,"Codex Bembinus. (A)",,"TM 66109",,"foll. LXVII and LIV",,,"Written in small Rustic capital, careful but not very expert. Each page begins with a larger letter. **F** descends below the line; **G** has the uncial form; **H** resembles minuscule n with a small horn to the right, as in the Lucan palimpsest in Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24 (see [CLA 1.70](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/81)), to which this MS has other similarities. Ancient marginalia in very expert fluent quarter-uncial with numerous ligatures; **i**-longa is used in mid-word regardless of sound, especially after **t**; **u** is cup-shaped. A corrector, who signs his name 'Ioviales' in cursive on several pages, added punctuation and supplied omissions.","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow: A. Pratesi, Studi G. Batelli, Rome 1979, pp. 71–84.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/16,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/16,"Written in small Rustic capital, careful but not very expert. Each page begins with a larger letter. F descends below the line; G has the uncial form; H resembles minuscule n with a small horn to the right, as in the Lucan palimpsest in Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24 (see CLA 1.70), to which this MS has other similarities. Ancient marginalia in very expert fluent quarter-uncial with numerous ligatures; i-longa is used in mid-word regardless of sound, especially after t; u is cup-shaped. A corrector, who signs his name 'Ioviales' in cursive on several pages, added punctuation and supplied omissions.
","Written probably in Italy. Belonged to Giantonio de' Pandoni (Porcellio) saec. XV med. Acquired in 1457 by Bernardo Bembo; later became the property of Fulvio Orsini. All these names are on it. It came into the Vatican in 1600.
","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow: A. Pratesi, Studi G. Batelli, Rome 1979, pp. 71–84.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/16.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/16.jpg 17,17,"Square Capital","V med–VI in",451,525,1,13,"Origin probably Italy. The MS was at St Denis, Paris, certainly by saec. XV; the four Vatican leaves belonged to C. Dupuy (†1594): two were given by him to Fulvio Orsini in 1574, the other two in 1575; G. H. Pertz (†1876) bought the three Berlin leaves at the van Limborch auction at The Hague in 1862.",3,,,"Vergilius, Georgica (1.41–280, 3.181–220).",Parchment,"Codex Augusteus. (A)",,"TM 65879",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 3256, fol. 1",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3256,"Script bold and regular, recalling lapidary style.","☛CLA date (IV) changed. ☛The Tübingen portion was formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Ms. Lat. F. 416. ☛See CLA [8.**13](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1467/edit). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 12](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/023_tav012b.pdf).",,,,3,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/17,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/17,"Script bold and regular, recalling lapidary style.
","Origin probably Italy. The MS was at St Denis, Paris, certainly by saec. XV; the four Vatican leaves belonged to C. Dupuy (†1594): two were given by him to Fulvio Orsini in 1574, the other two in 1575; G. H. Pertz (†1876) bought the three Berlin leaves at the van Limborch auction at The Hague in 1862.
","☛CLA date (IV) changed. ☛The Tübingen portion was formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Ms. Lat. F. 416. ☛See CLA 8.**13. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 12.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/17.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/17.jpg 18,18,Uncial,V²,451,500,1,14,"Written presumably in Italy, probably in the South. Used for rewriting in South Italy saec. XII in. Has an old press-mark A XXIV (saec. XIII–XIV). Belonged to Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae Minores (Os, Ioel, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66110",,"foll. 2v-7 (Zach. VIII. 17-19)",,,"The estimated size of the MS of the Prophets which concerns us here is ca. 300×300 mm. (177×170 mm) in 12 long lines. Running title on each opening in fine uncial ornamentally enclosed. A MS de luxe.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/18,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/18,"The estimated size of the MS of the Prophets which concerns us here is ca. 300×300 mm. (177×170 mm) in 12 long lines. Running title on each opening in fine uncial ornamentally enclosed. A MS de luxe.
","Written presumably in Italy, probably in the South. Used for rewriting in South Italy saec. XII in. Has an old press-mark A XXIV (saec. XIII–XIV). Belonged to Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/18.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/18.jpg 19,19,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,15,"Written in Italy, probably Central. Some connection with South Italy is suggested by traces of Beneventan fragments in the binding. Belonged to Antonius Panormita (1394–1471) and Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). See also under Vatic. Lat. 13501 (CLA [1.59](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/68)).",3,,,"Glossaria 'Abstrusa' et 'Abolita'; Isidorus, Differentiae; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66111",,"fol. 188v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3321,"The bow of **A** is high above the line. The corrector's **A** resembles a pendant drop. Omissions variously marked by **hd** in text, answered by **hs** either before or after lower insertion, or by **hd** both before and after lower insertion.","☛CLA date (saec. VIII med.) changed to follow Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), p. 99–102. ☛Goetz, [Corpus glossariorum Latinorum 4.3](https://archive.org/details/corpusglossarior04linduoft) pp. 3–198.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/19,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/19,"The bow of A is high above the line. The corrector's A resembles a pendant drop. Omissions variously marked by hd in text, answered by hs either before or after lower insertion, or by hd both before and after lower insertion.
","Written in Italy, probably Central. Some connection with South Italy is suggested by traces of Beneventan fragments in the binding. Belonged to Antonius Panormita (1394–1471) and Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). See also under Vatic. Lat. 13501 (CLA 1.59).
","☛CLA date (saec. VIII med.) changed to follow Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), p. 99–102. ☛Goetz, Corpus glossariorum Latinorum 4.3 pp. 3–198.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/19.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/19.jpg 20,20,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,16,"Written probably in South Italy, certainly corrected there in the eleventh century. Later belonged to Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). A half-uncial MS from the same school is [Bamberg B. IV. 21](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1489). A Santa Croce MS now in Rome, Bibl. Naz. Vittor. Eman. 1006 (once Cheltenham Phillipps 12263, later London Beatty 6), appears to be a direct copy in Nonantola script of Vatic. Lat. 3375.",2,,,"Eugippius, Excerpta ex Operibus Augustini.",Parchment,,,"TM 66112",,"fol. 29v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3375,"Marginalia in contemporary slanting uncial, and in Italian pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VI in. Later notes resemble ninth-century Nonantola MSS. Rewritten pages and punctuation are Beneventan saec. xi. A Beneventan hand transcribed marginalia.","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus: M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), p. 5–16. Not in (John 1995).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/20,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/20,"Marginalia in contemporary slanting uncial, and in Italian pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VI in. Later notes resemble ninth-century Nonantola MSS. Rewritten pages and punctuation are Beneventan saec. xi. A Beneventan hand transcribed marginalia.
","Written probably in South Italy, certainly corrected there in the eleventh century. Later belonged to Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). A half-uncial MS from the same school is Bamberg B. IV. 21. A Santa Croce MS now in Rome, Bibl. Naz. Vittor. Eman. 1006 (once Cheltenham Phillipps 12263, later London Beatty 6), appears to be a direct copy in Nonantola script of Vatic. Lat. 3375.
","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus: M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), p. 5–16. Not in (John 1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/20.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/20.jpg 21,21,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,1,17,"Written presumably in Italy. The upper script (1099–1118) is in Central Italian minuscule. The MS has the thirteenth-century ex-libris: 'Lib. basilic. XII apostolorum in urbe' (fol. 144 v).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelistarium (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66113",,"fol. 16v (Mc. IV. 27-28, 32)",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3833,,"☛Gamber, CLLA 1115. ☛Upper text: Deusdedit, Collectio Canonum AD 1099–1118.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/21,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/21,,"Written presumably in Italy. The upper script (1099–1118) is in Central Italian minuscule. The MS has the thirteenth-century ex-libris: 'Lib. basilic. XII apostolorum in urbe' (fol. 144 v).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1115. ☛Upper text: Deusdedit, Collectio Canonum AD 1099–1118.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/21.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/21.jpg 22,22,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,18a,"Written by the priest Agimundus probably in Rome, where it belonged to the Church of SS Philip and James (now of the XII Apostles): 'Qui legis obsecro ut oris pro scriptore ut per apostolorum principum soluatur uincula Agimundi presbyteri peccatori sicut inutili scriptori deo caeli grates. Basilica apostolorum philippi et iacobi' (MS 3835, fol. 329).",1,,,Homiliarium.,Parchment,"Homilarium Agimundi.",,"TM 66114",,"Image from MS. 3836, fol. 112v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3835,"Script well formed, bold uncial of the later type. MS 3835, fol. 32v and the inserted leaf fol. 33 are in minuscule saec. X.","☛Originally the Homiliarium seems to have been in three volumes of which the first has not survived. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1650. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/22,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/22,"Script well formed, bold uncial of the later type. MS 3835, fol. 32v and the inserted leaf fol. 33 are in minuscule saec. X.
","Written by the priest Agimundus probably in Rome, where it belonged to the Church of SS Philip and James (now of the XII Apostles): 'Qui legis obsecro ut oris pro scriptore ut per apostolorum principum soluatur uincula Agimundi presbyteri peccatori sicut inutili scriptori deo caeli grates. Basilica apostolorum philippi et iacobi' (MS 3835, fol. 329).
","☛Originally the Homiliarium seems to have been in three volumes of which the first has not survived. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1650.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/22.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/22.jpg 23,23,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,1,18b,"Written no doubt in Rome.",1,,,"Homiliarium, Additamenta: Sermones de Assumptione, de Quadragesima.",Parchment,,,"TM 66114",,"fol. 55",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3836,"Written by two hands. The less expert uses an **A** with a pendant bow; the third stroke of **N** is comma-shaped and intersects the cross-stroke above the line; **FF** and **LL** run together; **Q** is flat-topped. The second hand is bold and not unpleasing, recalling good Merovingian models.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/23,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/23,"Written by two hands. The less expert uses an A with a pendant bow; the third stroke of N is comma-shaped and intersects the cross-stroke above the line; FF and LL run together; Q is flat-topped. The second hand is bold and not unpleasing, recalling good Merovingian models.
","Written no doubt in Rome.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/23.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/23.jpg 24,24,"Rustic Capital",V²,451,500,1,19,"Origin uncertain. By the thirteenth century the MS was preserved in the Abbey of St Denis near Paris (ex-libris 'Iste liber est bi dyon' on fol. 4, and the St Denis press-mark saec. XIV on fol. 309v). Contains fifteenth-century entries in French script and the name 'Jehan Courtoys'. Came into the Papal Library at least as early as the time of Sixtus IV (1471–84).",0,,,"Vergilius, Bucolica, Georgica, Aeneis.",Parchment,"Vergilius Romanus. (R)",,"TM 62975",,"fol. 34",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.3867/0155,"Script very expert; **F**, **B**, and **L** rise above the line; the second upright of **H** resembles reclining C.","☛CLA date (V) changed. ☛L. Traube, 'Das Alter des Codex Romanus des Virgil' [Strena Helbigiana 307–14](https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_tFwVAAAAYAAJ). ☛J. Ruysschaert, Lignes d'un examen codicologique du 'Virgile Vatican' et du 'Virgile romain', Atti del convegno internazionale ""il libro e il testo"", 1984, p. 25–36. ☛D. H. Wright, Codicological notes on the Vergilius Romanus, Studi e testi 345 (1992). ☛J. P. Gumpert, The quires of the Vergilius Romanus, Quinio 1 (1999), p. 57–72. ☛D. H. Wright, The Roman Vergil and the origins of medieval book design, London 2001. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine [Pl. 19](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/030_tav019.pdf).",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/24,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/24,"Script very expert; F, B, and L rise above the line; the second upright of H resembles reclining C.
","Origin uncertain. By the thirteenth century the MS was preserved in the Abbey of St Denis near Paris (ex-libris 'Iste liber est bi dyon' on fol. 4, and the St Denis press-mark saec. XIV on fol. 309v). Contains fifteenth-century entries in French script and the name 'Jehan Courtoys'. Came into the Papal Library at least as early as the time of Sixtus IV (1471–84).
","☛CLA date (V) changed. ☛L. Traube, 'Das Alter des Codex Romanus des Virgil' Strena Helbigiana 307–14. ☛J. Ruysschaert, Lignes d'un examen codicologique du 'Virgile Vatican' et du 'Virgile romain', Atti del convegno internazionale "il libro e il testo", 1984, p. 25–36. ☛D. H. Wright, Codicological notes on the Vergilius Romanus, Studi e testi 345 (1992). ☛J. P. Gumpert, The quires of the Vergilius Romanus, Quinio 1 (1999), p. 57–72. ☛D. H. Wright, The Roman Vergil and the origins of medieval book design, London 2001. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine Pl. 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/24.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/24.jpg 25,25,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,1,20,"Origin uncertain. The arms of Cardinal Ludovico de Torres, Apostolic Librarian 1607–9, are stamped on fol. 1 of the main MS.",0,,,"Liber Comitis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66115",,"fol. 87",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.4329/0179,"The first stroke of letter **N** branches at the foot-line.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1006.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/25,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/25,"The first stroke of letter N branches at the foot-line.
","Origin uncertain. The arms of Cardinal Ludovico de Torres, Apostolic Librarian 1607–9, are stamped on fol. 1 of the main MS.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1006.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/25.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/25.jpg 26,26,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,21,"Written in Italy. The characteristic North Italian st-ligature occurs in the cursive additions saec. VIII. On fol. 1 is the entry 'Emptum ex libris Cardinalis Sirleti' (1514–85).",3,,,"Augustinus, In Psalmos (61–70).",Parchment,,,"TM 66116",,"fol. 101",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.4938,"Most letters begin with a fine horizontal hair-line—a curious feature. The cross of **T** has the pendant down-strokes. Omissions marked by **hd** in text and **hp** before lower insertion; they are supplied in early cursive minuscule on foll. 37, 88, 88v, 101, 106v. Fol. 34v is written entirely in early minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/26,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/26,"Most letters begin with a fine horizontal hair-line—a curious feature. The cross of T has the pendant down-strokes. Omissions marked by hd in text and hp before lower insertion; they are supplied in early cursive minuscule on foll. 37, 88, 88v, 101, 106v. Fol. 34v is written entirely in early minuscule.
","Written in Italy. The characteristic North Italian st-ligature occurs in the cursive additions saec. VIII. On fol. 1 is the entry 'Emptum ex libris Cardinalis Sirleti' (1514–85).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/26.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/26.jpg 27,27,Uncial,"VIII ex–IX in",790,810,1,22,"Written probably at Naples. Later at Benevento. On fol. 130v: 'iste liber est domini bartholomei condestabuli de beneuento' (saec. XV).",1,,,"Gesta Episcoporum Neapolitanorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66117",,"fol. 72",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5007,,"☛CLA date (VII–IX) changed. ☛Achelis, Die Bischofskronik von Neapel (Abh. phil.-hist. Klasse der sächsischen Akad. Wiss. 40.4).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/27,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/27,,"Written probably at Naples. Later at Benevento. On fol. 130v: 'iste liber est domini bartholomei condestabuli de beneuento' (saec. XV).
","☛CLA date (VII–IX) changed. ☛Achelis, Die Bischofskronik von Neapel (Abh. phil.-hist. Klasse der sächsischen Akad. Wiss. 40.4).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/27.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/27.jpg 28,28,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,1,23,"Origin probably North Italy. Used there for rewriting saec. IX ex. Fol. 1 contains the sixteenth-century inscription 'Liber hic est Theodori a Malsen Ultraiectini'.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Psalterium); Cantica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66118",,"foll. 4v (Ps. CXV. 10-14) and 65v (Ps. LVI. 5-8)",,,"Script is uncial for the first half of the Psalter, half-uncial for the second half and Canticles; all now very illegible. ","☛Gamber, CLLA 1606. ☛Palimpsest new = Leges Langobardorum, late-ninth century. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/28,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/28,"Script is uncial for the first half of the Psalter, half-uncial for the second half and Canticles; all now very illegible.
","Origin probably North Italy. Used there for rewriting saec. IX ex. Fol. 1 contains the sixteenth-century inscription 'Liber hic est Theodori a Malsen Ultraiectini'.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1606. ☛Palimpsest new = Leges Langobardorum, late-ninth century.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/28.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/28.jpg 29,29,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,1,24a,"Written probably in Italy.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc, Mt, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66119",,"fol. 85",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5465,"Script shows the latest type of uncial; several hands: one uses **A** with a tiny pendant bow; **LL** run together.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 133: Explicits invariably in red uncials. Some incipits in coloured capitals. Capitulary written in minuscule.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/29,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/29,"Script shows the latest type of uncial; several hands: one uses A with a tiny pendant bow; LL run together.
","Written probably in Italy.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 133: Explicits invariably in red uncials. Some incipits in coloured capitals. Capitulary written in minuscule.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/29.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/29.jpg 30,30,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,24b,"Written in Italy.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc, Mt, Lc, Io); Comes.",Parchment,,,"TM 66119",1464606331-screen-shot-2016-05-30-at-120230.jpg,"fol. 171",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5465,"Script is an early minuscule with some cursive elements, notably the **ri** ligature.","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 133.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/30,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/30,"Script is an early minuscule with some cursive elements, notably the ri ligature.
","Written in Italy.
","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 133.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/30.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/30.jpg 31,31,Uncial,VI²,551,600,1,25,"Origin uncertain. Marginal note on fol. 48v (Caroline minuscule saec. IX) seems French.",0,,,"Philo Carpasinus, Enarratio in Canticum Canticorum, trans. Epiphanius Scholasticus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66120",,"fol. 36",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5704,"The script is a careful uncial not of the oldest type: **S** is top-heavy; the middle stem of **M** turns to the right; the bows are often poorly joined. Parchment good. Ink has scaled off the flesh-side. Seems to have been written with a reed pen.","☛F. Troncarelli argues the codex came from Cassiodorus's library at Vivarium in Scrittura e Civiltà 12 (1988), p. 56–7.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/31,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/31,"The script is a careful uncial not of the oldest type: S is top-heavy; the middle stem of M turns to the right; the bows are often poorly joined. Parchment good. Ink has scaled off the flesh-side. Seems to have been written with a reed pen.
","Origin uncertain. Marginal note on fol. 48v (Caroline minuscule saec. IX) seems French.
","☛F. Troncarelli argues the codex came from Cassiodorus's library at Vivarium in Scrittura e Civiltà 12 (1988), p. 56–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/31.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/31.jpg 32,32,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,26a,"Written in Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The MS was No. 135 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The part now in Milan was removed from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal F. Borromeo; the part now in the Vatican came there in 1618.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Synodi I Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66121",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 46",,,"The first line of a new Actio is in red uncial. Script an awkward half-uncial, by a not very expert scribe: the tall shafts are topped by a hair-line; the shafts and curve of **S** are strongly contrasted; the letter **A** is uncial and the bow is expanded; **G** is compressed and hardly goes below the line; the cross-stroke of **T** tends to form a loop at the left; the bar of **N** curves. Corrections and insertions in fine North Italian cursive saec. VII. The abbreviation for nostram on Vatic. 5750, p. 13, seems to be in Irish minuscule saec. VIII.","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/32,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/32,"The first line of a new Actio is in red uncial. Script an awkward half-uncial, by a not very expert scribe: the tall shafts are topped by a hair-line; the shafts and curve of S are strongly contrasted; the letter A is uncial and the bow is expanded; G is compressed and hardly goes below the line; the cross-stroke of T tends to form a loop at the left; the bar of N curves. Corrections and insertions in fine North Italian cursive saec. VII. The abbreviation for nostram on Vatic. 5750, p. 13, seems to be in Irish minuscule saec. VIII.
","Written in Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The MS was No. 135 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The part now in Milan was removed from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal F. Borromeo; the part now in the Vatican came there in 1618.
","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/32.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/32.jpg 33,33,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,26b,"Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Synodi I Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66121",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 202",,,"Script is not very expert half-uncial verging towards minuscule, varying in size in different parts, due probably to different hands: minuscule **n** is frequent; the ligature **NT** occurs in mid-line, the **AT** ligature occurs at line-ends; the bar of **N** is thin and sags; **i**-longa is used initially. The hand has some Veronese features. Marginalia in the script of the text and in seventh-century cursive.","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/33,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/33,"Script is not very expert half-uncial verging towards minuscule, varying in size in different parts, due probably to different hands: minuscule n is frequent; the ligature NT occurs in mid-line, the AT ligature occurs at line-ends; the bar of N is thin and sags; i-longa is used initially. The hand has some Veronese features. Marginalia in the script of the text and in seventh-century cursive.
","Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio.
","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/33.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/33.jpg 34,34,"Early Minuscule",VII,601,700,1,26c,"Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Synodi I Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66121",,"p. 5",,,"Written in somewhat sloping minuscule with cursive elements and ligatures: suprascript **a** is used in cursive ligatures; **f** resembles a barred **s**; the shaft of **h** bends to the left; **i**-longa is used initially and medially but not according to strict rule. Corrections by this hand are found in the original half-uncial MS.","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/34,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/34,"Written in somewhat sloping minuscule with cursive elements and ligatures: suprascript a is used in cursive ligatures; f resembles a barred s; the shaft of h bends to the left; i-longa is used initially and medially but not according to strict rule. Corrections by this hand are found in the original half-uncial MS.
","Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio.
","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/34.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/34.jpg 35,35,Uncial,V²,451,500,1,27,"Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, in the seventh century.",3,,,"Fronto, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66122",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 94",,,"Script an old type of uncial: the upper bows of **B** and **R** are small, the loop of **E** usually open, the first bow of **M** is roundish. Contemporary corrections by one Caecilius (Vatican page 175), who signs several colophons in a sloping cursive. Many marginalia in rapidly written cursive half-uncial with **A** and **R** uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/35,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/35,"Script an old type of uncial: the upper bows of B and R are small, the loop of E usually open, the first bow of M is roundish. Contemporary corrections by one Caecilius (Vatican page 175), who signs several colophons in a sloping cursive. Many marginalia in rapidly written cursive half-uncial with A and R uncial.
","Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, in the seventh century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/35.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/35.jpg 36,36,Uncial,V,401,500,1,28,"Origin Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, in the seventh century.",3,,,"Scholia Bobiensia in Ciceronem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66123",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 256",,,"Red is used for words in Greek and for first three lines of a speech. Expert regular uncial of the purest type; the first stroke of **M** tends to be a straight line; **R** and **B** have the small upper bow; the loop of **E** is small and open. There are marginalia in almost contemporary small half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/36,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/36,"Red is used for words in Greek and for first three lines of a speech. Expert regular uncial of the purest type; the first stroke of M tends to be a straight line; R and B have the small upper bow; the loop of E is small and open. There are marginalia in almost contemporary small half-uncial.
","Origin Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, in the seventh century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/36.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/36.jpg 37,37,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,29,"Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.",3,,,"Symmachus, Orationes (fragm.); Plinius Minor, Panegyricus (7.4–8.5, 78.4–80.3, 85.6–86.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66124",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 12",,,"Neatly formed, careful half-uncial with **i**-longa after **T** near line-ends. Each page begins with a large letter, even in mid-word.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/37,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/37,"Neatly formed, careful half-uncial with i-longa after T near line-ends. Each page begins with a large letter, even in mid-word.
","Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/37.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/37.jpg 38,38,"Rustic Capital","VI in",501,525,1,30,"Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.",3,,,"Iuvenalis, Saturae (14.323–15.43); Persius, Saturae (1.53–104). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66125",,"p. 78",,,"Script regular but somewhat artificial, not the oldest type: **F**, **L**, **Y** regularly rise above the line, **U** often. A large letter begins each page. Contemporary marginalia in a sloping mixed script, mostly uncial but with **b**, **d**, **s** regularly half-uncial. Notae Tironianae on p. 78.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/38,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/38,"Script regular but somewhat artificial, not the oldest type: F, L, Y regularly rise above the line, U often. A large letter begins each page. Contemporary marginalia in a sloping mixed script, mostly uncial but with b, d, s regularly half-uncial. Notae Tironianae on p. 78.
","Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/38.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/38.jpg 39,39,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,1,31,"Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.",3,,,"Tractatus Arianorum; Ascensio Isaiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66126",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5750, p. 210",,,"Noteworthy spelling is 'istrahel'. Regularly formed uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of **A** is often roundish, the loop of **E** closed, the first half of **M** roundish.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/39,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/39,"Noteworthy spelling is 'istrahel'. Regularly formed uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of A is often roundish, the loop of E closed, the first half of M roundish.
","Origin presumably Italy. Used for rewriting, presumably at Bobbio, during the seventh century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/39.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/39.jpg 40,40,"Uncial and Cursive Minuscule",VII,601,700,1,32,"Written in Italy, probably at Bobbio. Has a Comes and many early marginal liturgical notes in Bobbio cursive. Used for rewriting saec. XI, doubtless at Bobbio. The main MS has the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris on p. 15 and a fourteenth-century entry on p. 323: 'Iste liber est monasterii Sancti Columbani de Bobio'.",3,44.7701,9.386,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr); Comes.",Parchment,,,"TM 66127",,"p. 175",,,"The uncial script is bold and roundish.","☛Gamber, CLLA 240.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/40,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/40,"The uncial script is bold and roundish.
","Written in Italy, probably at Bobbio. Has a Comes and many early marginal liturgical notes in Bobbio cursive. Used for rewriting saec. XI, doubtless at Bobbio. The main MS has the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris on p. 15 and a fourteenth-century entry on p. 323: 'Iste liber est monasterii Sancti Columbani de Bobio'.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 240.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/40.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/40.jpg 41,41,Uncial,VII,601,700,1,33,"Origin uncertain. Used for rewriting at Bobbio in the eleventh century. The main MS has the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris on page 15 and a fourteenth-century entry on page 323: 'Iste liber est monasterii Sancti Columbani de Bobio'.",0,,,"Lucanus, Pharsalia (8.60–524).",Parchment,,,"TM 66128",,"p. 303",,,"Not very expert, somewhat exotic uncial with the lower stems unusually long. Some pages begin with a larger letter.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/41,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/41,"Not very expert, somewhat exotic uncial with the lower stems unusually long. Some pages begin with a larger letter.
","Origin uncertain. Used for rewriting at Bobbio in the eleventh century. The main MS has the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris on page 15 and a fourteenth-century entry on page 323: 'Iste liber est monasterii Sancti Columbani de Bobio'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/41.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/41.jpg 42,42,Uncial,VII²,651,700,1,34,"Written at Bobbio. On page 1: 'Liber sancti columbani de bobio' and the number 10, its place in the inventory of 1461. A fragment of a companion volume, written at the same time but in 19 lines and of somewhat different format, is now Turin F. IV. I, fasc. 2. The Vatican MS was removed from Bobbio in 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21).",1,44.7701,9.386,"Augustinus, In Psalmos (118–140).",Parchment,,,"TM 66129",,"p. 269",,,"Written in well-formed small uncial; the long down-strokes end in a fine hair-line. Summaries of contents arranged triangularly in the margin in uncial. The corrector has added 'contuli' in cursive on p. 142 and in uncial on p. 182. Notae Tironianae occur in the margin. Occasional corrections in an Insular hand (see CLA plate and pp. 197, 281). Two lines p. 297 in half-uncial.","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8. ☛Page number of half-uncial script (267) corrected.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/42,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/42,"Written in well-formed small uncial; the long down-strokes end in a fine hair-line. Summaries of contents arranged triangularly in the margin in uncial. The corrector has added 'contuli' in cursive on p. 142 and in uncial on p. 182. Notae Tironianae occur in the margin. Occasional corrections in an Insular hand (see CLA plate and pp. 197, 281). Two lines p. 297 in half-uncial.
","Written at Bobbio. On page 1: 'Liber sancti columbani de bobio' and the number 10, its place in the inventory of 1461. A fragment of a companion volume, written at the same time but in 19 lines and of somewhat different format, is now Turin F. IV. I, fasc. 2. The Vatican MS was removed from Bobbio in 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21).
","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8. ☛Page number of half-uncial script (267) corrected.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/42.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/42.jpg 43,43,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,1,35,"Written doubtless in Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century in Bobbio to copy Augustinus in Psalmos (see CLA [1.34](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/42)).",3,,,"Cicero, De Republica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66130",,"p. 171",,,"Omissions supplied in the lower margin in rough sloping uncial marked by a sinuous signe de renvoi, and also supplied interlinearly. Written in bold, beautifully formed, expert uncial. A larger letter, even in mid-word, begins many columns. The bow of **A** is pointed, the loop of **E** is small and open, the upper bow of **B** is small, the tail of **G** is barely indicated. Interlinear corrections in smaller uncial. Space was left for three lines of red at the beginning of books.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 15](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/026_tav015.pdf)",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/43,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/43,"Omissions supplied in the lower margin in rough sloping uncial marked by a sinuous signe de renvoi, and also supplied interlinearly. Written in bold, beautifully formed, expert uncial. A larger letter, even in mid-word, begins many columns. The bow of A is pointed, the loop of E is small and open, the upper bow of B is small, the tail of G is barely indicated. Interlinear corrections in smaller uncial. Space was left for three lines of red at the beginning of books.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century in Bobbio to copy Augustinus in Psalmos (see CLA 1.34).
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 15
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/43.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/43.jpg 44,44,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,1,36,"Written probably in North Italy. Part of the oldest Bobbio library. On page 1 in uncial saec. VII is the entry: 'LIBER DE ARCA DOMINI BOBULENI'. The usual Bobbio ex-libris on page 5, with the number 16, its place in the inventory of 1461.",2,,,"Augustinus, Sermones, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66131",,"p. 5",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5758,"First line of some sermons is red. In part of the MS each page begins with a larger letter, doubtless in imitation of the exemplar. Seventh-century cursive notes and additions, especially on pages 287–8. Notae Tironianae passim.","☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 1652.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/44,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/44,"First line of some sermons is red. In part of the MS each page begins with a larger letter, doubtless in imitation of the exemplar. Seventh-century cursive notes and additions, especially on pages 287–8. Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written probably in North Italy. Part of the oldest Bobbio library. On page 1 in uncial saec. VII is the entry: 'LIBER DE ARCA DOMINI BOBULENI'. The usual Bobbio ex-libris on page 5, with the number 16, its place in the inventory of 1461.
","☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 1652.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/44.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/44.jpg 45,45,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,37,"Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The main MS was No. 34 in the inventory of 1461; on fol. 1 occurs the Bobbio ex-libris. Erased dedication to Bobbio in verse on fol. 105v.",2,44.7701,9.386,"Juvencus, Evangeliorum Libri Quattuor (1.615–76, 719-70, 2.1-8, 93–224, 633–57, 797–820, 3. 36–60, 107–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 66132",,"fol. 111v (III. 119-123)",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5759/0117,"End of each verse marked by an ivy leaf. One title and many initial letters in hollow artificial capitals filled with red, yellow, and green. The main MS, of which these sixteen scraped leaves were apparently intended to form a part, contains Ambrosius De Isaac et Anima, etc., in ordinary minuscule saec. X.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/45,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/45,"End of each verse marked by an ivy leaf. One title and many initial letters in hollow artificial capitals filled with red, yellow, and green. The main MS, of which these sixteen scraped leaves were apparently intended to form a part, contains Ambrosius De Isaac et Anima, etc., in ordinary minuscule saec. X.
","Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The main MS was No. 34 in the inventory of 1461; on fol. 1 occurs the Bobbio ex-libris. Erased dedication to Bobbio in verse on fol. 105v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/45.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/45.jpg 46,46,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,38,"Origin uncertain. The main MS contains various works of Ambrosius in ordinary minuscule saec. X, with the Bobbio ex-libris.",0,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (4.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66133",,"fol. iv",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5760,"Script half-uncial of a later type: **S** descends below the line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/46,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/46,"Script half-uncial of a later type: S descends below the line.
","Origin uncertain. The main MS contains various works of Ambrosius in ordinary minuscule saec. X, with the Bobbio ex-libris.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/46.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/46.jpg 47,47,"Cursive Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,1,39,"Written in North Italy. Given to Bobbio by Boniprandus—the dedicatory verses in a tenth-century hand are on fol. 3. The MS was No. 104 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. Came to the Vatican Library ca. 1618 in the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). A twin MS is Wolfenbüttel, Weissenburg 64 (CLA [9.1386](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889)).",2,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1.3.9–5.30.17).",Parchment,,,"TM 66134",,"fol. 43",,,"Fol. 30 contains Galen in Greek uncial saec. VII; other leaves of this Greek MS are in Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64. Non-palimpsest are foll. 1–2, originally the cover, and foll. 41–48; all now unbound. Numerous initials in outline uncoloured, with the fish and fan motif, resembling the initials in the upper script of the Verona Gaius and suggesting Frankish models. On fol. 53v initial **M** is filled in with black with superimposed minium dots recalling Insular types. Script is rapid cursive minuscule of the North Italian type under Merovingian influence. There are two distinct hands. Suprascript **a** and **u** are frequent, the sickle-shaped **u** occurs even on the line, **i**-longa is used medially and initially. The **st** ligature is unmistakably North Italian.","☛See CLA [9.1386](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889) for lower script.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/47,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47,"Fol. 30 contains Galen in Greek uncial saec. VII; other leaves of this Greek MS are in Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64. Non-palimpsest are foll. 1–2, originally the cover, and foll. 41–48; all now unbound. Numerous initials in outline uncoloured, with the fish and fan motif, resembling the initials in the upper script of the Verona Gaius and suggesting Frankish models. On fol. 53v initial M is filled in with black with superimposed minium dots recalling Insular types. Script is rapid cursive minuscule of the North Italian type under Merovingian influence. There are two distinct hands. Suprascript a and u are frequent, the sickle-shaped u occurs even on the line, i-longa is used medially and initially. The st ligature is unmistakably North Italian.
","Written in North Italy. Given to Bobbio by Boniprandus—the dedicatory verses in a tenth-century hand are on fol. 3. The MS was No. 104 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. Came to the Vatican Library ca. 1618 in the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). A twin MS is Wolfenbüttel, Weissenburg 64 (CLA 9.1386).
","☛See CLA 9.1386 for lower script.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/47.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/47.jpg 48,48,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,1,40,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy to copy two distinct MSS of Isidorus (see CLA [1.39](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47) and [9.1386](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889)).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Idc, Rt fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66136",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5763, fol. 21",,,"Very expert, large, bold uncial; the upper bow of **B** is very small, **P** usually open, the cross-stroke of **T** very tiny.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/48,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/48,"Very expert, large, bold uncial; the upper bow of B is very small, P usually open, the cross-stroke of T very tiny.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy to copy two distinct MSS of Isidorus (see CLA 1.39 and 9.1386).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/48.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/48.jpg 49,49,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,41,"Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy to copy two distinct MSS of Isidorus (see CLA [1.39](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47) and Wolfenbuttel Weiss. 64).",2,,,"Hieronymus, Praefationes; Testamentum Vetus (Iob 1–15.24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66137",,"fol. 51v",,,"Regular well-formed expert writing: **G** has invariably the uncial form; **A** has now the pure uncial form, now a form with an expanded bow; groups of letters and even whole lines of uncial occur, also **E** with cedilla by the first hand; the ligature **UI** is shaped like open **q**, the ligature **NE** shows the Rustic capital **E**.","☛C. Falluomini, 'Der sogenannte Codex Carolinus von Wolfenbüttel' Wolfenbüteler Mittelalter-Studien 13 (1999) 44–6.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/49,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/49,"Regular well-formed expert writing: G has invariably the uncial form; A has now the pure uncial form, now a form with an expanded bow; groups of letters and even whole lines of uncial occur, also E with cedilla by the first hand; the ligature UI is shaped like open q, the ligature NE shows the Rustic capital E.
","Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy to copy two distinct MSS of Isidorus (see CLA 1.39 and Wolfenbuttel Weiss. 64).
","☛C. Falluomini, 'Der sogenannte Codex Carolinus von Wolfenbüttel' Wolfenbüteler Mittelalter-Studien 13 (1999) 44–6.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/49.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/49.jpg 50,50,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,1,42,"Written probably at Bobbio. The MS proper is written in a Caroline minuscule recalling the Verona type. In the upper margin of the first leaf is a fifteenth-century entry: 'Hic liber sancti columbani est'—not the usual Bobbio ex-libris.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66138",,"recto of first fly-leaf",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5764/0391,"The horizontal stroke over Nomina Sacra has sometimes a cross-bar as in Milan Ambros. B. 159 sup.—a Bobbio product of the eighth century. Titles in fancy capitals, sometimes in red. **i**-longa regularly used at the beginning of words; **LL** sometimes run together; **M** has a characteristic form, with bows occasionally disjointed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/50,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/50,"The horizontal stroke over Nomina Sacra has sometimes a cross-bar as in Milan Ambros. B. 159 sup.—a Bobbio product of the eighth century. Titles in fancy capitals, sometimes in red. i-longa regularly used at the beginning of words; LL sometimes run together; M has a characteristic form, with bows occasionally disjointed.
","Written probably at Bobbio. The MS proper is written in a Caroline minuscule recalling the Verona type. In the upper margin of the first leaf is a fifteenth-century entry: 'Hic liber sancti columbani est'—not the usual Bobbio ex-libris.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/50.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/50.jpg 51,51,Uncial,"VII med–VIII in",651,725,1,43,"Written presumably at Bobbio; it was No. 106 in the inventory of 1461. On fol. 1 is the usual Bobbio ex-libris.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Isidorus, De Oficiis (2.1–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 66139",,"fol. 1",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5765,"Script is a bold but rather artificial uncial with marked contrast between shaded and unshaded strokes. The index of chapters on fol. 1–1v is in half-uncial.","☛CLA date (VIII in) changed to follow: Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/51,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/51,"Script is a bold but rather artificial uncial with marked contrast between shaded and unshaded strokes. The index of chapters on fol. 1–1v is in half-uncial.
","Written presumably at Bobbio; it was No. 106 in the inventory of 1461. On fol. 1 is the usual Bobbio ex-libris.
","☛CLA date (VIII in) changed to follow: Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), pp. 237–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/51.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/51.jpg 52,52,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,44,"Origin uncertain, but presumably Bobbio; catalogued as No. 44 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The main MS removed from Bobbio to the Vatican ca. 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). The three bifolia in Turin presumably remained at Bobbio till the suppression of the monastery in 1803. They were kept, under the same shelf-mark, with a quite different palimpsest MS of the Codex Theodosianus (see under Turin).",1,,,"Iohannes Cassianus, Collationes (3.18–4.10; 4.12–fin).",Parchment,,,"TM 66140",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5766, fol. 50v",,,"The Turin part was destroyed in the fire of 1904.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/52,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/52,"The Turin part was destroyed in the fire of 1904.
","Origin uncertain, but presumably Bobbio; catalogued as No. 44 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The main MS removed from Bobbio to the Vatican ca. 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). The three bifolia in Turin presumably remained at Bobbio till the suppression of the monastery in 1803. They were kept, under the same shelf-mark, with a quite different palimpsest MS of the Codex Theodosianus (see under Turin).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/52.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/52.jpg 53,53,Uncial,V,401,500,1,45,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA [1.44](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/52)).",0,,,"Ius Civile Anteiustinianum.",Parchment,"Fragmenta Vaticana.",,"TM 66141",,"foll. 17v-24",,,"Script is a finely formed expert uncial of the very old type; contemporary marginalia in small half-uncial mixed with uncial **R** and cursive ligatures of **te** and **ti**.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 108.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/53,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/53,"Script is a finely formed expert uncial of the very old type; contemporary marginalia in small half-uncial mixed with uncial R and cursive ligatures of te and ti.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA 1.44).
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 108.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/53.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/53.jpg 54,54,b-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,46,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA [1. 44](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/42)).",0,,,"Codex Theodosianus (14.4.3–16.6.7).",Parchment,,,"TM 66142",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 5766, foll. 37v-36",,,"Script rather heavy but regular uncial with half-uncial **b**. Noteworthy letters are the stiff-backed **E**, open **q**, top-heavy **S**, and comma-like suprascript **U**. The ligature **NT** occurs even in mid-line.","☛The Turin manuscript was destroyed in the fire of 1904.",,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/54,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/54,"Script rather heavy but regular uncial with half-uncial b. Noteworthy letters are the stiff-backed E, open q, top-heavy S, and comma-like suprascript U. The ligature NT occurs even in mid-line.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA 1. 44).
","☛The Turin manuscript was destroyed in the fire of 1904.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/54.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/54.jpg 55,55,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,1,47,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA [1.44](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/52)).",0,,,"Lex Romana Burgundionum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66143",,"foll. 45v-44",,,"Written in crude, rough uncial. The cross-stroke of **T** curves down considerably to the left.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/55,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/55,"Written in crude, rough uncial. The cross-stroke of T curves down considerably to the left.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to copy a MS of Cassianus (see CLA 1.44).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/55.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/55.jpg 56,56,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,1,48,"Origin uncertain. Used in the binding of a composite MS, Regula Canonicorum and Hymnarium, both saec. XI–XII, and both having the Bobbio ex-libris.",0,,,Fragmentum.,Parchment,,,"TM 66144",,"fol. 2",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5776/0009,"Written in pure uncial, apparently of the older type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/56,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/56,"Written in pure uncial, apparently of the older type.
","Origin uncertain. Used in the binding of a composite MS, Regula Canonicorum and Hymnarium, both saec. XI–XII, and both having the Bobbio ex-libris.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/56.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/56.jpg 57,57,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,49,"Origin presumably Italy. Used in the binding of a composite MS containing a Regula Canonicorum and Hymnarium, both saec. XI–XII and both having the Bobbio ex-libris.",3,,,"Augustinus, In Evangelium Iohannis (73.1; 74.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 66145",,"fol. 3",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.5776/0011,"Written in small neat half-uncial of an older type; the cross-stroke of **N** is fine.","☛L. Scappaticci, Miscellanea Bibliothecae Apostolicae Vaticanae (Studi e testi 469) pp. 487–495.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/57,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/57,"Written in small neat half-uncial of an older type; the cross-stroke of N is fine.
","Origin presumably Italy. Used in the binding of a composite MS containing a Regula Canonicorum and Hymnarium, both saec. XI–XII and both having the Bobbio ex-libris.
","☛L. Scappaticci, Miscellanea Bibliothecae Apostolicae Vaticanae (Studi e testi 469) pp. 487–495.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/57.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/57.jpg 58,58,Uncial,VII,601,700,1,50,"Written probably in Italy; used for rewriting early in the ninth century in Italy; foll. 1–2 contain part of a document saec. XIV–XV concerned with Perugia; foll. 130–1 come from a Graduale saec. XIII. ",3,,,Liturgica.,Parchment,,,"TM 66146",,"fol. 98v",,,"Defaced by reagent and mostly illegible. Part of a Lesson from John VI on fol. 98v; traces of liturgical rubrics on fol. 93v. The older script was erased saec. IX to make room for the Decretum Gelasianum and other matter, and these leaves were added to a MS of the 'Abstrusa' and 'Abolita' Glossaries.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 28.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/58,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/58,"Defaced by reagent and mostly illegible. Part of a Lesson from John VI on fol. 98v; traces of liturgical rubrics on fol. 93v. The older script was erased saec. IX to make room for the Decretum Gelasianum and other matter, and these leaves were added to a MS of the 'Abstrusa' and 'Abolita' Glossaries.
","Written probably in Italy; used for rewriting early in the ninth century in Italy; foll. 1–2 contain part of a document saec. XIV–XV concerned with Perugia; foll. 130–1 come from a Graduale saec. XIII.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/58.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/58.jpg 59,59,"Uncial and Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,1,51,"Written in Central Italy. The addition of St Fridianus in the Comes (fol. 201v) points to Lucca. The haphazard mixture of uncial and minuscule in the Comes suggests the lack of a formed minuscule in the scriptorium.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io); Comes.",Parchment,,,"TM 66147",,"fol. 175",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.7016,"Script is a bold but not very expert uncial of the latest type: the bow of **A** descends from the head-line; **LL** run together. The Comes is written partly in smaller pure uncial, partly in uncial mixed with minuscule.","☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 134.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/59,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/59,"Script is a bold but not very expert uncial of the latest type: the bow of A descends from the head-line; LL run together. The Comes is written partly in smaller pure uncial, partly in uncial mixed with minuscule.
","Written in Central Italy. The addition of St Fridianus in the Comes (fol. 201v) points to Lucca. The haphazard mixture of uncial and minuscule in the Comes suggests the lack of a formed minuscule in the scriptorium.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 134.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/59.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/59.jpg 60,60,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,1,52,"Written probably north of the Alps. On fol. 1v is the entry: 'Liber Campi sancte marie seruanti benedictio' saec. XIII (Altencamp the oldest Cistercian foundation in Germany—in the diocese of Cologne); on fol. 2: 'Liber heret. contra venerat. imaginum ex Germania in italiam allatus ab III. CCASL' saec. XVI. The Paris MS Arsenal 663 seems to be a direct copy.",3,,,"Theodulphus, Libri Carolini.",Parchment,,,"TM 66148",,"fol. 37",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat.lat.7207,"Script an early and graceful Caroline minuscule: letters **a** and **n** have each two forms; **ri** ligature at line-ends. Abbreviation-stroke often an oblique flourish. Question-mark seems by first hand. Frequent marginal comments in contemporary Notae Tironianae.","☛Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 161–2.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/60,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/60,"Script an early and graceful Caroline minuscule: letters a and n have each two forms; ri ligature at line-ends. Abbreviation-stroke often an oblique flourish. Question-mark seems by first hand. Frequent marginal comments in contemporary Notae Tironianae.
","Written probably north of the Alps. On fol. 1v is the entry: 'Liber Campi sancte marie seruanti benedictio' saec. XIII (Altencamp the oldest Cistercian foundation in Germany—in the diocese of Cologne); on fol. 2: 'Liber heret. contra venerat. imaginum ex Germania in italiam allatus ab III. CCASL' saec. XVI. The Paris MS Arsenal 663 seems to be a direct copy.
","☛Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 161–2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/60.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/60.jpg 61,61,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,1,53,"Origin uncertain. Was probably in France saec. VII, when it was completed by the second part, CLA [1.54](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/62). Belonged to the Jesuit College of Clermont, Paris (ex-libris on fol. 1).",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt).",Parchment,"Codex Claromontanus. (h)",,"TM 66149",,"fol. 62v",,,,"☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 135.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/61,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/61,,"Origin uncertain. Was probably in France saec. VII, when it was completed by the second part, CLA 1.54. Belonged to the Jesuit College of Clermont, Paris (ex-libris on fol. 1).
","☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 135.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/61.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/61.jpg 62,62,Uncial,VII,601,700,1,54,"Written probably in France, yet some rough marginalia in half-uncial (fol. 259v , etc.) and in cursive (foll. 167, 230) suggest North Italy. Later history the same as for the first part (see CLA [1.53](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/61)).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Codex Claromontanus. (h)",,"TM 66150",,"fol. 230",,,"Script a bold, well-formed uncial: the two bows of **M** rise branch-like above the head-line (cf. CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)); **B** has both bows open.","☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 136.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/62,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/62,"Script a bold, well-formed uncial: the two bows of M rise branch-like above the head-line (cf. CLA 1.105); B has both bows open.
","Written probably in France, yet some rough marginalia in half-uncial (fol. 259v , etc.) and in cursive (foll. 167, 230) suggest North Italy. Later history the same as for the first part (see CLA 1.53).
","☛McGurk, Gospel books No. 136.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/62.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/62.jpg 63,63,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,1,55,"Written in Italy by Anselmus subdiaconus: 'Omnis qui legitis hunc codicem orate pro anselmi quamquam indignus subdiaconus si deum habeatis protectorem amen' (fol. 162). Beneventan probationes pennae on fol. 102v.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (11–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66151",,"fol. 55",,,,"☛Scribe named, but not in John (1995).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/63,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/63,,"Written in Italy by Anselmus subdiaconus: 'Omnis qui legitis hunc codicem orate pro anselmi quamquam indignus subdiaconus si deum habeatis protectorem amen' (fol. 162). Beneventan probationes pennae on fol. 102v.
","☛Scribe named, but not in John (1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/63.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/63.jpg 64,64,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,56,"Written probably in South Italy. Beneventan suprascript question-mark added over 'quis' (see CLA plate) and Beneventan probationes pennae also found on fol. 2.",2,,,"Sacramentarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66152",,"fol. 2",,,"Script is a bold uncial of the later type: the bows of **M** resemble CO run together.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1401. ☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 110, foll. i–ii, 101–102.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/64,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/64,"Script is a bold uncial of the later type: the bows of M resemble CO run together.
","Written probably in South Italy. Beneventan suprascript question-mark added over 'quis' (see CLA plate) and Beneventan probationes pennae also found on fol. 2.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1401. ☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 110, foll. i–ii, 101–102.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/64.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/64.jpg 65,65,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,1,57,"Written presumably in Italy. Used later (saec. VII–VIII) in St John Lateran to preserve relics which came from the Holy Land. Found in 1906 in the chapel of St Laurence in the Lateran in the cypress box made by Pope Leo III (795–816).",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (34, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66153",,"fol. 1",,,,"☛ChLA 22.728. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 54 pl. XXX. ☛M. Vattasso, Frammenti d'un Livio del V secolo... Studi e Testi 18 (Vatican City, 1906).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/65,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/65,,"Written presumably in Italy. Used later (saec. VII–VIII) in St John Lateran to preserve relics which came from the Holy Land. Found in 1906 in the chapel of St Laurence in the Lateran in the cypress box made by Pope Leo III (795–816).
","☛ChLA 22.728. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 54 pl. XXX. ☛M. Vattasso, Frammenti d'un Livio del V secolo... Studi e Testi 18 (Vatican City, 1906).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/65.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/65.jpg 66,66,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,58,"Origin uncertain. The bifolium has been used as a fly-leaf. Fol. 11v has a twelfth-century entry 'Ego dominus adobadus clericus plebis uallus renouata', which suggests North Italy.",0,,,"Pelagius, In Epistulam Pauli ad Romanos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66154",,"foll. 11v-1",,,"Script is a curious half-uncial in which **G** and **M** have invariably the uncial form.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/66,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/66,"Script is a curious half-uncial in which G and M have invariably the uncial form.
","Origin uncertain. The bifolium has been used as a fly-leaf. Fol. 11v has a twelfth-century entry 'Ego dominus adobadus clericus plebis uallus renouata', which suggests North Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/66.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/66.jpg 67,67,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,1,"** (p. 18)","Written presumably in Africa, to judge by the resemblance of the script to that of the Codex Bobiensis (k) at Turin (G.VII.15), the text of which has affinities with that used by St Cyprian. The whole MS was later at Bobbio. The Vatican leaf was bequeathed by Hartwell de la Garde Grissell to the Vatican in 1908.",3,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66155",,"Image from Vatic. Lat. 10959, fol. 1",,,"Written in uncial of the oldest type. There is a tendency to begin each column with a large letter. For more details see under Turin. (CLA [4.458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748))",,,,,,748,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/67,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/67,"Written in uncial of the oldest type. There is a tendency to begin each column with a large letter. For more details see under Turin. (CLA 4.458)
","Written presumably in Africa, to judge by the resemblance of the script to that of the Codex Bobiensis (k) at Turin (G.VII.15), the text of which has affinities with that used by St Cyprian. The whole MS was later at Bobbio. The Vatican leaf was bequeathed by Hartwell de la Garde Grissell to the Vatican in 1908.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/67.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/67.jpg 68,68,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,1,59,"Origin uncertain. The MS proper has associations with South Italy, as it shows traces of Beneventan fragments in the binding. It belonged to Antonius Panormita (1394–1471) and Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). Across fol. 1v in the intercolumnar space is written 'STEPHANUS ARHIP(RES)B(YTE)R BIBAT' (i.e. VIVAT) saec. VIII–IX.",0,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66156",,"fol. ii (now part of the recto of the open leaf)",,,"Curious **AE** ligature; many strokes end in a fine hair-line; the right branch of the cross of **T** bifurcates.","☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 3321, foll. 1–2.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/68,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/68,"Curious AE ligature; many strokes end in a fine hair-line; the right branch of the cross of T bifurcates.
","Origin uncertain. The MS proper has associations with South Italy, as it shows traces of Beneventan fragments in the binding. It belonged to Antonius Panormita (1394–1471) and Fulvio Orsini (1529–1600). Across fol. 1v in the intercolumnar space is written 'STEPHANUS ARHIP(RES)B(YTE)R BIBAT' (i.e. VIVAT) saec. VIII–IX.
","☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 3321, foll. 1–2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/68.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/68.jpg 69,69,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,60,"Written probably in Italy. Used for rewriting in Italy in the twelfth century. Removed from the binding of Vatic. Lat. 178, which contains Ps- Dionysius Areopagita, De Caelesti Hierarchia and Hugo a Sancto Victore, written in Italian minuscule of the end of the twelfth century.",3,,,"Gregorius, Homiliae in Evangelia (23.1, etc.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66157",,"fol. 1",,,"The text appears to be stichometrically arranged. Insignificant strips still remain in the binding of Vatic. Lat. 178.","☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 178, fol. 60 and binding scraps.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/69,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/69,"The text appears to be stichometrically arranged. Insignificant strips still remain in the binding of Vatic. Lat. 178.
","Written probably in Italy. Used for rewriting in Italy in the twelfth century. Removed from the binding of Vatic. Lat. 178, which contains Ps- Dionysius Areopagita, De Caelesti Hierarchia and Hugo a Sancto Victore, written in Italian minuscule of the end of the twelfth century.
","☛Formerly Vatic. Lat. 178, fol. 60 and binding scraps.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/69.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/69.jpg 70,70,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,1,61,"Origin uncertain, but probably a centre where Greek was spoken and written. Removed from the binding of the Vatican MS Regin. Gr. 75, a Lectionary written ca. 982 in Calabria.",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66158",,"entire fragment shown",,,"Written in very regular bold uncial with marked contrast between the thin and thick strokes. The letters with bows recall somewhat the Greek style.","☛Formerly Vatic. Regin. Gr. 75.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/70,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/70,"Written in very regular bold uncial with marked contrast between the thin and thick strokes. The letters with bows recall somewhat the Greek style.
","Origin uncertain, but probably a centre where Greek was spoken and written. Removed from the binding of the Vatican MS Regin. Gr. 75, a Lectionary written ca. 982 in Calabria.
","☛Formerly Vatic. Regin. Gr. 75.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/70.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/70.jpg 71,71,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,62,"Written probably in Italy. Two leaves in a miscellany of scraps: a bifolium from the centre of a quire, later used to strengthen some binding.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (Hom. 21.1–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66159",,"fol. 2",,,"Rapid and not very careful uncial: the tail of **G** turns outward; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/71,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/71,"Rapid and not very careful uncial: the tail of G turns outward; LL run together.
","Written probably in Italy. Two leaves in a miscellany of scraps: a bifolium from the centre of a quire, later used to strengthen some binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/71.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/71.jpg 72,72,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,"** (p.19)","Written probably in South Italy. Corrected by Dulcitius at Aquino, identifiable probably with a Dulcitius who flourished ca. 556–60. The main MS belonged to the family of Colloredo and was presented to the Emperor of Austria about 1793. The history of the Barberini leaf seems unknown.",2,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate, Contra Arianos.",Papyrus,,,"TM 60171",,"recto of Barberini leaf",,,"Script is an easy current half-uncial; **G** has both the uncial and the half-uncial form. Marginalia in sloping cursive of the sixth century. Detailed notes at CLA [10.1507](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/230).","☛M. Fackelmann, ZPE 13 (1974), p. 187–194.",,,,,230,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/72,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/72,"Script is an easy current half-uncial; G has both the uncial and the half-uncial form. Marginalia in sloping cursive of the sixth century. Detailed notes at CLA 10.1507.
","Written probably in South Italy. Corrected by Dulcitius at Aquino, identifiable probably with a Dulcitius who flourished ca. 556–60. The main MS belonged to the family of Colloredo and was presented to the Emperor of Austria about 1793. The history of the Barberini leaf seems unknown.
","☛M. Fackelmann, ZPE 13 (1974), p. 187–194.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/72.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/72.jpg 73,73,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,1,63,"Written probably in England, in part by a scribe Wigbald (fol. 153). The MS has been used as a Lectionary; a considerable number of notes in Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX occur. The few corrections are all in Insular.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66160",,"fol. 48v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Barb.lat.570,"The script is by many hands of various degrees of expertness, the majuscule sometimes large, sometimes tending to minuscule. At line-ends the last letter or letters are frequently suprascript.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 137. ☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 408. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/73,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/73,"The script is by many hands of various degrees of expertness, the majuscule sometimes large, sometimes tending to minuscule. At line-ends the last letter or letters are frequently suprascript.
","Written probably in England, in part by a scribe Wigbald (fol. 153). The MS has been used as a Lectionary; a considerable number of notes in Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX occur. The few corrections are all in Insular.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 137. ☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 408.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/73.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/73.jpg 74,74,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,1,64,"Origin Italy. According to entries on fol. 2, the MS was at San Salvatore, Settimo, near Florence, saec. XIII, and later belonged to Carolus Strozzi (1635).",3,,,"Ephraim Syrus, Sermones (De Fide); Isidorus, De Fide Catholica, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66161",,"fol. 2",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Barb.lat.671,"Written by many scribes: artificial uncial with down-stroke ending in hair-line; **A** often has a pendant bow; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/74,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/74,"Written by many scribes: artificial uncial with down-stroke ending in hair-line; A often has a pendant bow; LL run together.
","Origin Italy. According to entries on fol. 2, the MS was at San Salvatore, Settimo, near Florence, saec. XIII, and later belonged to Carolus Strozzi (1635).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/74.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/74.jpg 75,75,"Uncial and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,65,"Written probably in Central Italy. The added record on fol. 133 goes to show that the MS belonged to San Salvatore, Monte Amiata, near Siena, saec. XI.",2,,,"Cresconius, Collectio Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66162",,"fol. 46",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Barb.lat.679,"The uncial is artificial; **LL** run together. The minuscule portion shows Insular features, e.g. the frequent use of uncial **R**, wedge-shaped shafts of **b**, **d**, **h**, **l**, the red dots round the initials, and the form of initial **D** on fol. 96. The form of **g** is striking.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/75,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/75,"The uncial is artificial; LL run together. The minuscule portion shows Insular features, e.g. the frequent use of uncial R, wedge-shaped shafts of b, d, h, l, the red dots round the initials, and the form of initial D on fol. 96. The form of g is striking.
","Written probably in Central Italy. The added record on fol. 133 goes to show that the MS belonged to San Salvatore, Monte Amiata, near Siena, saec. XI.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/75.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/75.jpg 76,76,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,1,66,"Written apparently in North Italy. The scribe Dominicus signs on fol. 112v : 'ORATE PRO ME DOMINICO PRESBITERO SCRIPTORE'. The occurrence of the Insular symbol for 'autem', the use of red dots with the capitals, and the type of figures in the illustrations suggest some Insular centre in Italy. Belonged to Cardinal Marcello Cervini (1501–55), later Pope Marcellus II.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Ios, Idc, Rt, 1 Sm, 2 Sm, 3 Rg, 4 Rg, 1 Par, 2 Par, 1 Esr, 2 Esr, Tb, Idt, Est, Iob, Ps).",Parchment,"Codex Cervinianus. (O)",,"TM 66163",,"Image from fol. 259, showing also a correctors hand",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Ott.lat.66,"Crude uncial script: the bow of **A** often high above the line; the second upright of **N** often comma-shaped, cutting the cross-stroke obliquely; the tail of **G** bends to the right; the cross-stroke of **T** branches at both ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/76,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/76,"Crude uncial script: the bow of A often high above the line; the second upright of N often comma-shaped, cutting the cross-stroke obliquely; the tail of G bends to the right; the cross-stroke of T branches at both ends.
","Written apparently in North Italy. The scribe Dominicus signs on fol. 112v : 'ORATE PRO ME DOMINICO PRESBITERO SCRIPTORE'. The occurrence of the Insular symbol for 'autem', the use of red dots with the capitals, and the type of figures in the illustrations suggest some Insular centre in Italy. Belonged to Cardinal Marcello Cervini (1501–55), later Pope Marcellus II.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/76.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/76.jpg 77,77,Uncial,VII,601,700,1,67,"Written in South or Central Italy. Was probably at Monte Cassino at least as early as the tenth century when parts (now in the Ottoboni MS) were re-traced and marginalia added in Beneventan. Vallicelli fol. 1 has a title added in Beneventan saec. XI. The Ottoboni MS belonged to John, Duke of Altaemps. The Vallicelli fragments were bound in 1827.",2,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (82–84, 87–90).",Parchment,,,"TM 66164",,"Image from Ottob. Lat. 319, fol. XVI",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Ott.lat.319,"Script is a rather awkward large uncial of the later period: the bow of **A** occasionally has the pendant form; **B** has a protruding second bow; the first stroke of **N** is a fine hair-line. There is a tendency to begin pages with a large letter regardless of sense. The occasional use of half-uncial in the Vallicelli section (foll. 69v, 70) suggests that the archetype may have been in that script.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/77,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/77,"Script is a rather awkward large uncial of the later period: the bow of A occasionally has the pendant form; B has a protruding second bow; the first stroke of N is a fine hair-line. There is a tendency to begin pages with a large letter regardless of sense. The occasional use of half-uncial in the Vallicelli section (foll. 69v, 70) suggests that the archetype may have been in that script.
","Written in South or Central Italy. Was probably at Monte Cassino at least as early as the tenth century when parts (now in the Ottoboni MS) were re-traced and marginalia added in Beneventan. Vallicelli fol. 1 has a title added in Beneventan saec. XI. The Ottoboni MS belonged to John, Duke of Altaemps. The Vallicelli fragments were bound in 1827.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/77.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/77.jpg 78,78,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,1,68a,"Origin uncertain. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was in the Palatine collection at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623. It was apparently once divided into two volumes, foll. 1–71 and 72–176, as quiremarks and the two library press-marks suggest.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Tb 4.2–7.13; Idt 2.12–8.18, 14.14; Iob; Est 1.1–10.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66165",,"foll. 84v-83",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script regular well-formed uncial: **A** has a fine cross-stroke at the top; the tail of **G** bends well to the left.","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow: J. Fohlen, Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979), p. 197.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/78,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/78,"Script regular well-formed uncial: A has a fine cross-stroke at the top; the tail of G bends well to the left.
","Origin uncertain. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was in the Palatine collection at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623. It was apparently once divided into two volumes, foll. 1–71 and 72–176, as quiremarks and the two library press-marks suggest.
","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow: J. Fohlen, Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979), p. 197.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/78.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/78.jpg 79,79,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,68b,"Written probably at Lorsch. The MS later formed part of the Palatine collection at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Tb 2.20–4.14; 8.4–fin.; Idt 1.1–2.11; 8.18–14.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 220406",,"foll. 29 and 34",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script is irregular uncial by an inexpert hand.","☛J. Fohlen, Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979), p. 196 [item 2].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/79,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/79,"Script is irregular uncial by an inexpert hand.
","Written probably at Lorsch. The MS later formed part of the Palatine collection at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
","☛J. Fohlen, Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979), p. 196 [item 2].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/79.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/79.jpg 80,80,"b-d Uncial",III–VII,201,700,1,69,"Origin uncertain. The title on fol. 43v appears to read: 'Incipit eiusdem | annaei senecae | de uita patris | feliciter scribente | me niciano die et lo(co) s(upra)s(criptis)'. The Seneca was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Seneca, De Amicitia, De Vita Patris (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66166",,"foll. 44, 43v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script is of a mixed type, the alphabet being in the main uncial, but **b**, **d**, and **m** are distinctly half-uncial, and **R** and **S** partake of both scripts. It is akin to the script of the Livy Epitome on papyrus (London Brit. Mus. Pap. 1532, CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526)).","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow Lowe's later opinion (John 1995 s.n. Nicianus).",,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/80,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/80,"Script is of a mixed type, the alphabet being in the main uncial, but b, d, and m are distinctly half-uncial, and R and S partake of both scripts. It is akin to the script of the Livy Epitome on papyrus (London Brit. Mus. Pap. 1532, CLA 2.208).
","Origin uncertain. The title on fol. 43v appears to read: 'Incipit eiusdem | annaei senecae | de uita patris | feliciter scribente | me niciano die et lo(co) s(upra)s(criptis)'. The Seneca was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow Lowe's later opinion (John 1995 s.n. Nicianus).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/80.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/80.jpg 81,81,"Rustic Capital",IV–V,301,500,1,70,"Origin uncertain. The Lucan was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Lucanus, Pharsalia (6.21–61, 228–67, 7.458–537).",Parchment,,,"TM 66167",,"foll. 14v and 11",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script rather small Rustic capital: **B** occasionally rises above the other letters; **F** descends below the line; **G** has the uncial form; **I** and **T** are easily confused; **H** has the appearance of a minuscule **N** with a small horn to the right, as in the Codex Bembinus of Terence (CLA [1.12](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/16)). Some pages begin with a larger letter.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/81,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/81,"Script rather small Rustic capital: B occasionally rises above the other letters; F descends below the line; G has the uncial form; I and T are easily confused; H has the appearance of a minuscule N with a small horn to the right, as in the Codex Bembinus of Terence (CLA 1.12). Some pages begin with a larger letter.
","Origin uncertain. The Lucan was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/81.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/81.jpg 82,82,Uncial,V,401,500,1,71,"Origin uncertain. The Hyginus was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Hyginus, Fabulae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 61279",,"foll. 45v-38",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script regular but not very expert uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/82,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/82,"Script regular but not very expert uncial.
","Origin uncertain. The Hyginus was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/82.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/82.jpg 83,83,"Rustic Capital",IV–V,301,500,1,72,"Origin uncertain. The Fronto was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Fronto, Gratiarum Actio pro Carthaginiensibus (fragm. with end title).",Parchment,,,"TM 66168",,"foll. 53v-46",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Colophon in the same script as the text; below it are some Notae Tironianae, presumably the corrector's 'contuli'. Script very tiny Rustic capital.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/83,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/83,"Colophon in the same script as the text; below it are some Notae Tironianae, presumably the corrector's 'contuli'. Script very tiny Rustic capital.
","Origin uncertain. The Fronto was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/83.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/83.jpg 84,84,Quarter-Uncial,V,401,500,1,73,"Origin uncertain. The oratorical fragments were erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII.",0,,,"Fragmenta Oratorica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66169",,"foll. 47v-52",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24/0095,"Writing expert and rapid, recalling the more cursive portions of the Probus MS, Naples Lat. 2 (olim Vienna 16).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/84,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/84,"Writing expert and rapid, recalling the more cursive portions of the Probus MS, Naples Lat. 2 (olim Vienna 16).
","Origin uncertain. The oratorical fragments were erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/84.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/84.jpg 85,85,"Rustic Capital",III–IV,201,400,1,74,"Origin uncertain. A scribe's signature on foll. 173–172, the first page of a quire, seems to read: COTT.A.. SCRIBSIT. The Gellius was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66170",,"foll. 110v-109",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script is Rustic capital of a striking type, written probably with a reed, and showing marked contrast between fine and thick strokes an example of extreme technical ability: **B**, **F**, **L** often rise above the other letters; **F**, **G** and last stroke of **U** descend below the base line; **Y** has a peculiar shape a straight stem supporting a slanting s-like top. Blank spaces carefully calculated were left for the Greek texts cited but were never filled.","☛CLA date (IV) changed to follow: G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), pp. 207–8.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/85,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/85,"Script is Rustic capital of a striking type, written probably with a reed, and showing marked contrast between fine and thick strokes an example of extreme technical ability: B, F, L often rise above the other letters; F, G and last stroke of U descend below the base line; Y has a peculiar shape a straight stem supporting a slanting s-like top. Blank spaces carefully calculated were left for the Greek texts cited but were never filled.
","Origin uncertain. A scribe's signature on foll. 173–172, the first page of a quire, seems to read: COTT.A.. SCRIBSIT. The Gellius was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
","☛CLA date (IV) changed to follow: G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), pp. 207–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/85.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/85.jpg 86,86,"Rustic Capital",IV,301,400,1,75,"Origin uncertain. The Livy was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (91, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66171",,"foll. 76v-75",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script delicately formed, small Rustic capital: **B**, **F**, and **L** rise above the line. Each page begins with a larger letter.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/86,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/86,"Script delicately formed, small Rustic capital: B, F, and L rise above the line. Each page begins with a larger letter.
","Origin uncertain. The Livy was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/86.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/86.jpg 87,87,Uncial,V,401,500,1,76,"Origin uncertain. The Cicero was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Cicero, Pro Fonteio (1–2, 4–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66172",,"foll. 86v-81",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script very regular and expert uncial: the upper bow of **B** and **R** and the loops of **P** and **q** are very small; the cross-stroke of **E** is high. There is a tendency to begin each column with a larger letter even in mid-word, and an enlarged letter occasionally occurs at line-ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/87,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/87,"Script very regular and expert uncial: the upper bow of B and R and the loops of P and q are very small; the cross-stroke of E is high. There is a tendency to begin each column with a larger letter even in mid-word, and an enlarged letter occasionally occurs at line-ends.
","Origin uncertain. The Cicero was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/87.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/87.jpg 88,88,Uncial,V,401,500,1,77,"Origin uncertain. The Cicero was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",0,,,"Cicero, Pro Rabirio Postumo (fragm., with end title), Pro Sexto Roscio (fragm. with initial title).",Parchment,,,"TM 66173",,"foll. 123-128v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_24,"Script shows an early stage of uncial: **A** is very pointed; the upper loop of **B**, **E**, and **R** is often open; the first stroke of **M** is straight; the cross-bar of **N** has a slight upward curve at the foot; strokes are frequently left unjoined.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/88,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/88,"Script shows an early stage of uncial: A is very pointed; the upper loop of B, E, and R is often open; the first stroke of M is straight; the cross-bar of N has a slight upward curve at the foot; strokes are frequently left unjoined.
","Origin uncertain. The Cicero was erased for rewriting ca. saec. VII–VIII. The MS was probably at Lorsch during the eighth century. Later it was at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/88.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/88.jpg 89,89,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,1,78,"Written by Edilberict, son of Berictfrid (fol. 46), probably in the north of England. The tur-symbol points to an English scriptorium, as do the vernacular glosses, but script and decoration point to Ireland. Later in Germany, probably at Lorsch: a probatio pennae 'CUNIBRAHT' is found on fol. 46v.",2,,,"Glossa in Psalmos (39–151).",Parchment,,,"TM 66174",,"fol. 27v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_68,"Written in rapid and expert fine minuscule. Each psalm begins with an uncoloured initial of strikingly angular Insular type, followed by a group of larger letters often in majuscule. The bow of **p** has a tag which makes the letter resemble R; the cross-stroke of **t** is often high above the line. In the text occur vernacular glosses marked by oblique apices.","☛M. McNamara, Glossa in psalmos (Studi e testi 310) 1986.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/89,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/89,"Written in rapid and expert fine minuscule. Each psalm begins with an uncoloured initial of strikingly angular Insular type, followed by a group of larger letters often in majuscule. The bow of p has a tag which makes the letter resemble R; the cross-stroke of t is often high above the line. In the text occur vernacular glosses marked by oblique apices.
","Written by Edilberict, son of Berictfrid (fol. 46), probably in the north of England. The tur-symbol points to an English scriptorium, as do the vernacular glosses, but script and decoration point to Ireland. Later in Germany, probably at Lorsch: a probatio pennae 'CUNIBRAHT' is found on fol. 46v.
","☛M. McNamara, Glossa in psalmos (Studi e testi 310) 1986.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/89.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/89.jpg 90,90,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,79,"Origin presumably Lorsch. The Lorsch ex-libris saec. IX occurs on fol. 1.",1,,,"Hieronymus, In Matthaeum (Vetus Latina lemmata).",Parchment,,,"TM 66175",,"fol. 36v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_177,"Written in expert, but rather artificial, minuscule, with frequent use of majuscule **N**, **R**, **S**; **ti** ligature occurs.","Houghton, Latin New Testament, p. 228: text from this manuscript used to extend lemmata for CLA [6.736](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/90,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/90,"Written in expert, but rather artificial, minuscule, with frequent use of majuscule N, R, S; ti ligature occurs.
","Origin presumably Lorsch. The Lorsch ex-libris saec. IX occurs on fol. 1.
","Houghton, Latin New Testament, p. 228: text from this manuscript used to extend lemmata for CLA 6.736.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/90.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/90.jpg 91,91,Minuscule,VIII,701,800,1,80a,"Origin uncertain. A late Lorsch ex-libris saec. XIII (?) occurs on fol. 1.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Psalterium, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66176",,"Image from the opening, foll. 5v-6",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_187,"Written in an ungainly minuscule which uses uncial as well as minuscule **g**, and two forms of **a**. On fol. 7, originally blank, medical receipts were entered in cursive saec. VIII of a North Italian type (see CLA [80b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/92)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/91,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/91,"Written in an ungainly minuscule which uses uncial as well as minuscule g, and two forms of a. On fol. 7, originally blank, medical receipts were entered in cursive saec. VIII of a North Italian type (see CLA 80b).
","Origin uncertain. A late Lorsch ex-libris saec. XIII (?) occurs on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/91.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/91.jpg 92,92,"North Italian Cursive",VIII,701,800,1,80b,"Origin probably North Italy. The whole MS was later (saec. XIII) at Lorsch.",2,,,"Recepta Medica.",Parchment,,,"TM 220407",,"entire fragment shown",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_187,"North Italian symptoms are the **ss**-ligature shaped like a rounded **w**, the form of the **st** ligature, and the form of **r** with a shoulder extending over the following letters.",,,,12,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/92,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/92,"North Italian symptoms are the ss-ligature shaped like a rounded w, the form of the st ligature, and the form of r with a shoulder extending over the following letters.
","Origin probably North Italy. The whole MS was later (saec. XIII) at Lorsch.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/92.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/92.jpg 93,93,"Uncial and Minuscule",VIII,701,800,1,81,"Origin uncertain. The whole MS was at Lorsch at least as early as the thirteenth century. The first part (see [previous items](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/91)) includes some medical receipts in a script suggesting North Italy.",0,,,"Galenus, Alphabetum ad Paternum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66177",,"foll. 23v and 38v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_187,"Written by several hands, partly (foll. 8–24v med.) in uncial of the declining stage with the cross-stroke of **T** often forming a loop to the left and the stem having a distinct base-line, partly in pre-Caroline minuscule with many cursive elements: both **e** and **c** often have a little tag to the left; the shoulder of **r** often extends above the following letters; suprascript **a** occurs frequently in ligature.","☛Nicholas Everett, The Alphabet of Galen: Pharmacy from Antiquity to the Middle Ages (Toronto 2011). ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/93,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/93,"Written by several hands, partly (foll. 8–24v med.) in uncial of the declining stage with the cross-stroke of T often forming a loop to the left and the stem having a distinct base-line, partly in pre-Caroline minuscule with many cursive elements: both e and c often have a little tag to the left; the shoulder of r often extends above the following letters; suprascript a occurs frequently in ligature.
","Origin uncertain. The whole MS was at Lorsch at least as early as the thirteenth century. The first part (see previous items) includes some medical receipts in a script suggesting North Italy.
","☛Nicholas Everett, The Alphabet of Galen: Pharmacy from Antiquity to the Middle Ages (Toronto 2011).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/93.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/93.jpg 94,94,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,1,82,"Written at Lorsch (ex-libris on fol. 1). On the last folio is a later probatio pennae 'ADALUNGO ABBAS' (Abbot of Lorsch, 805–38).",1,,,"Augustinus, De Doctrina Christiana.",Parchment,,,"TM 66178",,"fol. 15",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_188,"An Insular type of initial at the beginning of the book. Script is Caroline minuscule with two forms of **a**. The scribe uses Anglo-Saxon majuscule for the first few lines of Books 1 and 2 and for a few lines elsewhere.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/94,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/94,"An Insular type of initial at the beginning of the book. Script is Caroline minuscule with two forms of a. The scribe uses Anglo-Saxon majuscule for the first few lines of Books 1 and 2 and for a few lines elsewhere.
","Written at Lorsch (ex-libris on fol. 1). On the last folio is a later probatio pennae 'ADALUNGO ABBAS' (Abbot of Lorsch, 805–38).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/94.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/94.jpg 95,95,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,83,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The occasional use of **hl** before insertions in the margin may point to Lorsch. On fol. 182v occurs the entry: 'alpgter defunctus', probably an obit.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 66179",,"fol. 38v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_202,"Written by many scribes, some using a roundish hand with majuscule elements, others pointed minuscule with cursive ligatures, in which the **ti** ligature resembles q and the **gi** ligature S; one hand uses the theta-shaped **e**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/95,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/95,"Written by many scribes, some using a roundish hand with majuscule elements, others pointed minuscule with cursive ligatures, in which the ti ligature resembles q and the gi ligature S; one hand uses the theta-shaped e.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The occasional use of hl before insertions in the margin may point to Lorsch. On fol. 182v occurs the entry: 'alpgter defunctus', probably an obit.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/95.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/95.jpg 96,96,Uncial,"V ex.",476,500,1,84,"Written probably in Italy. Came to an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably Lorsch, at least as early as saec. IX. Belonged to Gerwardus, and is recorded in the first Lorsch catalogue (Vatic. Palat. Lat. [1877](https://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_1877)). Lorsch ex-libris saec. XII on fol. 1.",3,,,"Augustinus, Opuscula.",Parchment,,,"TM 66180",,"fol. 133",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_210,"Written by several scribes in careful uncial, not of the oldest type, with frequent use of hair-lines in part of the MS. Half-uncial is used for three excerpts from the Retractationes. Marginalia in ancient sloping uncial. Nota Tironiana on fol. 168. The first leaf contains a book-list in Irish script saec. IX, and Irish majuscule letters occur on fol. 147v . Fol. 1 also contains the name Sigimunt in German minuscule saec. IX.","☛Lowe's date (VI–VII) changed to follow J. Delmulle and W. Pezé, Sacris Erudiri 55 (2016), pp. 195–258 who show the MS was used by Eugippius in making his Excerpta. ☛M. Gorman, Scriptorium 58 (2004), pp. 56–62 on the book list saec. VIII–IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/96,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/96,"Written by several scribes in careful uncial, not of the oldest type, with frequent use of hair-lines in part of the MS. Half-uncial is used for three excerpts from the Retractationes. Marginalia in ancient sloping uncial. Nota Tironiana on fol. 168. The first leaf contains a book-list in Irish script saec. IX, and Irish majuscule letters occur on fol. 147v . Fol. 1 also contains the name Sigimunt in German minuscule saec. IX.
","Written probably in Italy. Came to an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably Lorsch, at least as early as saec. IX. Belonged to Gerwardus, and is recorded in the first Lorsch catalogue (Vatic. Palat. Lat. 1877). Lorsch ex-libris saec. XII on fol. 1.
","☛Lowe's date (VI–VII) changed to follow J. Delmulle and W. Pezé, Sacris Erudiri 55 (2016), pp. 195–258 who show the MS was used by Eugippius in making his Excerpta. ☛M. Gorman, Scriptorium 58 (2004), pp. 56–62 on the book list saec. VIII–IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/96.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/96.jpg 97,97,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,1,85,"Written in a German scriptorium.",3,,,"Augustinus, Homilia, Dicta ad Predicandum; Bonifatius, Praedicatio de Die Iudicii; Dicta S Effram; Praedicatio de Uita Sanctorum et Praemiis; De Fide Trinitatis Quomodo Exponitur; Praedicatio Carere Tormenta; Beda, Homilia, Sermo Ad Fratres In Heremo, Sermones Variae; Gregorius Magnus, In Ezechielem, Dialogi (4).",Parchment,,,"TM 66181",,"foll. 38v-39",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Pal.lat.212,"Written by several scribes in a minuscule with many cursive elements: superior **a** in ligature, **mi** and **ni** ligatures with subscript **i**, and the **nt** ligature even in mid-word.",,,3,11,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/97,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/97,"Written by several scribes in a minuscule with many cursive elements: superior a in ligature, mi and ni ligatures with subscript i, and the nt ligature even in mid-word.
","Written in a German scriptorium.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/97.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/97.jpg 98,98,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,86,"Written in North-East France in the Corbie area, or perhaps at or for Liège. Special attention in decoration has been given to the life of St Lambert of Liège. On the fly-leaf (fol. 20) are 3 lines containing an antiphon in Corbie a-b script saec. VIII–IX. Now bound up with a MS containing Augustinus, In Librum Genesis contra Manicheos in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, which has some Lorsch characteristics: e.g. parchment and capitals of Insular type. Both parts may have been at Lorsch.",2,,,Homiliae.,Parchment,,,"TM 66182",,"foll. 52v-53",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_216/0045,"Written by several hands, all of one school. Notae Tironianae on fol. 109. A cryptogram on fol. 70v.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/98,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/98,"Written by several hands, all of one school. Notae Tironianae on fol. 109. A cryptogram on fol. 70v.
","Written in North-East France in the Corbie area, or perhaps at or for Liège. Special attention in decoration has been given to the life of St Lambert of Liège. On the fly-leaf (fol. 20) are 3 lines containing an antiphon in Corbie a-b script saec. VIII–IX. Now bound up with a MS containing Augustinus, In Librum Genesis contra Manicheos in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, which has some Lorsch characteristics: e.g. parchment and capitals of Insular type. Both parts may have been at Lorsch.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/98.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/98.jpg 99,99,"Insular Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,1,87,"Origin either Ireland or Northumbria. The Paulinus is bound up with several tenth-century and later MSS, one of which comes from S Maria in Huisborch (Saxony). There is no evidence that any part came from either Fulda or Lorsch.",3,,,"Paulinus Nolanus, Carmina.",Parchment,,,"TM 66183",,"fol. 8 ",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_235/0013,"Script is partly a debased majuscule, partly minuscule with cursive elements and fantastic elaboration often hard to read.","☛Gneuss no. 910.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/99,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/99,"Script is partly a debased majuscule, partly minuscule with cursive elements and fantastic elaboration often hard to read.
","Origin either Ireland or Northumbria. The Paulinus is bound up with several tenth-century and later MSS, one of which comes from S Maria in Huisborch (Saxony). There is no evidence that any part came from either Fulda or Lorsch.
","☛Gneuss no. 910.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/99.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/99.jpg 100,100,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,1,88,"Written presumably at Lorsch. The oldest Lorsch ex-libris is on fol. 3. Bound up with leaves of a ninth-century Martyrology, also from Lorsch.",1,,,"Julianus Pomerius (Prosper), De Vita Contemplativa.",Parchment,,,"TM 66184",,"fol. 34",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_238,"The script is of the distinct Lorsch type, often having majuscule **N** and a form of **a** resembling oc.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/100,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/100,"The script is of the distinct Lorsch type, often having majuscule N and a form of a resembling oc.
","Written presumably at Lorsch. The oldest Lorsch ex-libris is on fol. 3. Bound up with leaves of a ninth-century Martyrology, also from Lorsch.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/100.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/100.jpg 101,101,"German Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,89,"Written in a German scriptorium, probably in the Reichenau area. The eleventh-century Lorsch ex-libris is on fol. 2.",2,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (1–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66185",,"fol. 25v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_245,"Written by more than one hand in a script which resembles the Reichenau type with frequent ligatures: **ri**, **te**, **ti** (indiscriminately for soft and hard sound), **nt** (even in mid-word). Suprascript **a** is used in ligature. The lemmata are in uncial. Notae Tironianae occur.",,,,11,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/101,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/101,"Written by more than one hand in a script which resembles the Reichenau type with frequent ligatures: ri, te, ti (indiscriminately for soft and hard sound), nt (even in mid-word). Suprascript a is used in ligature. The lemmata are in uncial. Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written in a German scriptorium, probably in the Reichenau area. The eleventh-century Lorsch ex-libris is on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/101.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/101.jpg 102,102,"Insular Majuscule and Insular Minuscule",VIII,701,800,1,90,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The last page (fol. 97v) is filled up with probationes pennae, Insular alphabets, and the tag 'Omnium inimicorum suorum...' found often in Würzburg MSS.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66186",,"fol. 63",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Pal.lat.259,"Written by many scribes, most of whom use mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, some pure minuscule, and one hand (foll. 16–18) is clearly attempting to imitate Anglo-Saxon characters. Corrected throughout in rapid contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule. One hand uses the flat-topped ʒ-shaped **g**; and the s-shaped form when followed by **n** or **r** is also found. **i**-longa occurs often but not regularly.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/102,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/102,"Written by many scribes, most of whom use mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, some pure minuscule, and one hand (foll. 16–18) is clearly attempting to imitate Anglo-Saxon characters. Corrected throughout in rapid contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule. One hand uses the flat-topped ʒ-shaped g; and the s-shaped form when followed by n or r is also found. i-longa occurs often but not regularly.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The last page (fol. 97v) is filled up with probationes pennae, Insular alphabets, and the tag 'Omnium inimicorum suorum...' found often in Würzburg MSS.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/102.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/102.jpg 103,103,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,1,91,"Origin uncertain. Contents point to an anti-Irish centre and to Rome. The initials suggest North Italy. No evidence of Lorsch connection, except that the MS was continued in a minuscule hand which may be from Lorsch.",0,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum, etc.; Chronicon Palatinum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66187",,"fol. 57",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_277,"Written in a small, very neat uncial: the second upright of **N** is often comma-shaped and intersects the cross-stroke; the bow of **R** is low and open.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/103,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/103,"Written in a small, very neat uncial: the second upright of N is often comma-shaped and intersects the cross-stroke; the bow of R is low and open.
","Origin uncertain. Contents point to an anti-Irish centre and to Rome. The initials suggest North Italy. No evidence of Lorsch connection, except that the MS was continued in a minuscule hand which may be from Lorsch.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/103.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/103.jpg 104,104,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,1,92,"Written in France. Bound up with another Sacramentary of somewhat later date and with a minuscule part which was later at Lorsch (saec. X); see CLA [1.93](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105) and [1.94](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/106).",3,,,Sacramentarium.,Parchment,"Missale Gallicanum Vetus.",,"TM 66188",,"fol. 14",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_493/0010,"Written in bold uncial by more than one scribe. At line-ends, to avoid running over the line, suprascript letters are used. The form of **A** is noteworthy. 'Luxeuil' type of minuscule is used at the ends of prayers.","☛Gamber, CLLA 212–13. ☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 27 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/104,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/104,"Written in bold uncial by more than one scribe. At line-ends, to avoid running over the line, suprascript letters are used. The form of A is noteworthy. 'Luxeuil' type of minuscule is used at the ends of prayers.
","Written in France. Bound up with another Sacramentary of somewhat later date and with a minuscule part which was later at Lorsch (saec. X); see CLA 1.93 and 1.94.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 212–13. ☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 27 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/104.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/104.jpg 105,105,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,1,93,"Written in France. Bound up with part of another Sacramentary of somewhat earlier date and with a minuscule part which was later (saec. X) at Lorsch; see [preceding](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/104) and [following](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/106) items.",3,,,Sacramentarium.,Parchment,"Missale Gallicanum Vetus.",,"TM 66189",,"fol. 89",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_493/0046,"Script is a well-formed but artificial uncial of the latest stage, with the bow of **A** and last strokes of **G** and **L** rather ornate.","☛Gamber, CLLA 214.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/105,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105,"Script is a well-formed but artificial uncial of the latest stage, with the bow of A and last strokes of G and L rather ornate.
","Written in France. Bound up with part of another Sacramentary of somewhat earlier date and with a minuscule part which was later (saec. X) at Lorsch; see preceding and following items.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 214.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/105.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/105.jpg 106,106,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,94,"Origin uncertain, perhaps the area between France and Germany. These seven leaves are bound up with two fragmentary Sacramentaries of earlier date (see [preceding items](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105)). Later at Lorsch; a list of Lorsch names saec. X is found on fol. 100v.",0,,,"Decretum Gelasianum, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66190",,"fol. 101v",,,"Written in a well-formed minuscule: **a** is usually open but the **a**-form is common; **r** in ligature often descends at a distinct angle.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/106,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/106,"Written in a well-formed minuscule: a is usually open but the a-form is common; r in ligature often descends at a distinct angle.
","Origin uncertain, perhaps the area between France and Germany. These seven leaves are bound up with two fragmentary Sacramentaries of earlier date (see preceding items). Later at Lorsch; a list of Lorsch names saec. X is found on fol. 100v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/106.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/106.jpg 107,107,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,95,"Origin uncertain, but probably an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent; in any case the MS was on the Continent soon after it was written. The last page contains numerous probationes pennae in ordinary minuscule, among them the name Hildihalt.",0,,,"Egbertus, Poenitentiale.",Parchment,,,"TM 66191",,"fol. 6v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_554/0015,"Written in a rather angular minuscule, but the first page is in majuscule; **g** before **r** and **n** has the s-like form.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/107,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/107,"Written in a rather angular minuscule, but the first page is in majuscule; g before r and n has the s-like form.
","Origin uncertain, but probably an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent; in any case the MS was on the Continent soon after it was written. The last page contains numerous probationes pennae in ordinary minuscule, among them the name Hildihalt.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/107.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/107.jpg 108,108,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,96,"Origin uncertain. The MS belonged to Lorsch. The ex-libris after the explicit was removed probably by Gerbert but exists in a copy made by Schelstrate (Vatic. Lat. 7146, fol. 9v). The script and decoration suggest North-East France or possibly the Cologne area. The collection was probably made for Autun. The contents connect it with Gotha I. 85, from Murbach (CLA [8.1209](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1688)).",0,,,"Canones Conciliorum Galliae, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66192",,"fol. 41",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_574,"Script is early Caroline with cursive elements: **a** has two forms, likewise **n**.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/108,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/108,"Script is early Caroline with cursive elements: a has two forms, likewise n.
","Origin uncertain. The MS belonged to Lorsch. The ex-libris after the explicit was removed probably by Gerbert but exists in a copy made by Schelstrate (Vatic. Lat. 7146, fol. 9v). The script and decoration suggest North-East France or possibly the Cologne area. The collection was probably made for Autun. The contents connect it with Gotha I. 85, from Murbach (CLA 8.1209).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/108.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/108.jpg 109,109,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,97,"Written, or perhaps only rubricated, by Herimundus (fol. 31v) in a continental centre of Anglo-Saxon tradition. The MS was certainly at Mainz by 1479, and belonged to the church of St Martin: ex-libris and old shelf-mark on fol. 2.",3,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Canones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66193",,"fol. 33",,,"Written in expert, graceful Anglo-Saxon characters of continental type: **e** is often theta-shaped; **s** and **r** go well below the line; majuscule **N** occurs occasionally; **i**-longa is used.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/109,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/109,"Written in expert, graceful Anglo-Saxon characters of continental type: e is often theta-shaped; s and r go well below the line; majuscule N occurs occasionally; i-longa is used.
","Written, or perhaps only rubricated, by Herimundus (fol. 31v) in a continental centre of Anglo-Saxon tradition. The MS was certainly at Mainz by 1479, and belonged to the church of St Martin: ex-libris and old shelf-mark on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/109.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/109.jpg 110,110,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (post 786)",787,800,1,98,"Written presumably at Lorsch.",1,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum; Annales Nazariani.",Parchment,,,"TM 66194",,"foll. 1v and 59v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/bav_pal_lat_966,"The script is a well-formed careful minuscule with cursive elements at line-ends and elsewhere. The letter **a** is often open; the cross-stroke of **t** forms a closed bow, the shaft of **h** bends occasionally to the left; suprascript **a** occurs in ligature, and the **nt** ligature is used in mid-word.","☛Bischoff: Same hand as Colmar, Bibliothèque Municipale Fragm. 624 (7), Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 944.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/110,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/110,"The script is a well-formed careful minuscule with cursive elements at line-ends and elsewhere. The letter a is often open; the cross-stroke of t forms a closed bow, the shaft of h bends occasionally to the left; suprascript a occurs in ligature, and the nt ligature is used in mid-word.
","Written presumably at Lorsch.
","☛Bischoff: Same hand as Colmar, Bibliothèque Municipale Fragm. 624 (7), Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 944.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/110.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/110.jpg 111,111,"Rustic Capital",IV–V,301,500,1,99,"Written presumably in Italy. At Lorsch from the ninth century until the middle of the sixteenth. Seen there by Sebastian Münster (1489–1552); probably to be identified with a MS in the oldest Lorsch catalogue.",3,,,"Vergilius, Bucolica, Georgica, Aeneis (fragm.).",Parchment,"Vergilius Palatinus. (P)",,"TM 65875",,"fol. 151",,http://bibliotheca-laureshamensis-digital.de/bav/bav_pal_lat_1631,"Script very expert, recalling the Vergilius Romanus: uncial **G** occurs, and twice a kind of uncial **E**; **B** and **F** rise above other letters. Some pages begin with a large letter. Later marginalia and insertions in minuscule saec. IX, some (e.g. 'ignes' on fol. 194) suggesting a centre under Insular influence, no doubt Lorsch.","☛M. McCormick, Five hundred unknown glosses from the Palatine Virgil, Studi e Testi 343, Rome 1992.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/111,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/111,"Script very expert, recalling the Vergilius Romanus: uncial G occurs, and twice a kind of uncial E; B and F rise above other letters. Some pages begin with a large letter. Later marginalia and insertions in minuscule saec. IX, some (e.g. 'ignes' on fol. 194) suggesting a centre under Insular influence, no doubt Lorsch.
","Written presumably in Italy. At Lorsch from the ninth century until the middle of the sixteenth. Seen there by Sebastian Münster (1489–1552); probably to be identified with a MS in the oldest Lorsch catalogue.
","☛M. McCormick, Five hundred unknown glosses from the Palatine Virgil, Studi e Testi 343, Rome 1992.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/111.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/111.jpg 112,112,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,1,100,"Origin probably North Italy. The Comes points to Milan. Dom Morin suggested Pavia on the ground of the Dedicatio Salvatoris entry. Later history seems unknown, but the MS may have come early to France.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 66195",,"fol. 8",,,"The text is written stichometrically; alternate verses begin with a few letters in red. Lacunae in the MS noted in the lower margin by 'hic habet minus' (saec X). Script is a careful uncial of the latest type: descenders end in a hair-line; the second down-stroke of **N** cuts the cross-stroke; **T** often rises above the line; **LL** often and **FF** occasionally run together. Lection marks in eighth-century minuscule. The line in the upper margin of fol. 9v is in eighth-century cursive of a French type.","☛Gamber, CLLA 242.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/112,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/112,"The text is written stichometrically; alternate verses begin with a few letters in red. Lacunae in the MS noted in the lower margin by 'hic habet minus' (saec X). Script is a careful uncial of the latest type: descenders end in a hair-line; the second down-stroke of N cuts the cross-stroke; T often rises above the line; LL often and FF occasionally run together. Lection marks in eighth-century minuscule. The line in the upper margin of fol. 9v is in eighth-century cursive of a French type.
","Origin probably North Italy. The Comes points to Milan. Dom Morin suggested Pavia on the ground of the Dedicatio Salvatoris entry. Later history seems unknown, but the MS may have come early to France.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 242.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/112.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/112.jpg 113,113,"Capital and Uncial",VIII²,751,800,1,101,"Written in France in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257, probably somewhat later and with less care and skill. The name 'EVVRARDVS' in elongated charter characters added at the foot of fol. 236v doubtless refers to Everardus count of Friuli (†ca 875), and the MS may be the 'psalterium duplum' bequeathed by him in 867 to his son Unroch. Belonged later to Paul Petau (†1614).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Psalterium Duplum); Cantica, Hymni.",Parchment,,,"TM 66196",,"foll. 15v and 21v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.11,"Two scripts are used—uncial for the preface and for the text of the Hebrew Psalter, square capital for the Gallican Psalter so arranged that in the Psalter the verso pages show the square capital and the recto pages the uncial. Both scripts are ornate and artificial: the uncial letters are broad and roundish; the bow of **D** is open; the tail of **G** is wedge-shaped. The square capital does not strictly conform to type, showing some letters which are Rustic. Both these scripts are found in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257 (CLA [1.103](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115)). Marginalia in various early minuscule scripts, some unmistakably like that used in the so-called Corbie school before the a-b type received its final form.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1617. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften II pp. 81–3 (VL 330). ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 253: canticles include Apc 15.3–5 from Vetus Latina.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/113,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/113,"Two scripts are used—uncial for the preface and for the text of the Hebrew Psalter, square capital for the Gallican Psalter so arranged that in the Psalter the verso pages show the square capital and the recto pages the uncial. Both scripts are ornate and artificial: the uncial letters are broad and roundish; the bow of D is open; the tail of G is wedge-shaped. The square capital does not strictly conform to type, showing some letters which are Rustic. Both these scripts are found in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257 (CLA 1.103). Marginalia in various early minuscule scripts, some unmistakably like that used in the so-called Corbie school before the a-b type received its final form.
","Written in France in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257, probably somewhat later and with less care and skill. The name 'EVVRARDVS' in elongated charter characters added at the foot of fol. 236v doubtless refers to Everardus count of Friuli (†ca 875), and the MS may be the 'psalterium duplum' bequeathed by him in 867 to his son Unroch. Belonged later to Paul Petau (†1614).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1617. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften II pp. 81–3 (VL 330). ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 253: canticles include Apc 15.3–5 from Vetus Latina.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/113.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/113.jpg 114,114,Minuscule,"VIII ex",776,800,1,102,"Origin probably France.",3,,,"Lectionarium, Comes Duplex.",Parchment,,,"TM 66197",,"foll. 8 and 36v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.74,"Script is a very graceful roundish early minuscule recalling quarter-uncial.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1225, argues for origin in North Italy.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/114,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/114,"Script is a very graceful roundish early minuscule recalling quarter-uncial.
","Origin probably France.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1225, argues for origin in North Italy.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/114.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/114.jpg 115,115,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,1,103,"Written in France in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 11, CLA [1.101](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/113). Belonged to the library of St Denis: on fol. 1 is the St Denis press-mark.",3,,,"Sacramentarium Anglosaxonicum; Missale Francorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66198",,"foll. 88v and 116v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.257,"Gaily-coloured initials and title-page (fol. 116v), very important for the history of Merovingian art. Script is a very carefully formed but artificial uncial with ornate serifs: the two uprights of **N** are stake-shaped, the tail of **G** is wedge-shaped, **LL** run together.","☛Gamber, CLLA 410.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/115,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115,"Gaily-coloured initials and title-page (fol. 116v), very important for the history of Merovingian art. Script is a very carefully formed but artificial uncial with ornate serifs: the two uprights of N are stake-shaped, the tail of G is wedge-shaped, LL run together.
","Written in France in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 11, CLA 1.101. Belonged to the library of St Denis: on fol. 1 is the St Denis press-mark.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 410.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/115.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/115.jpg 116,116,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,1,104a,"Written probably in Spain. The two parts of the MS on different parchment and by different hands were manifestly written at the same time, as is proved by the peculiar position of the prickings for ruling. It was certainly at Fleury by the ninth century: the Fleury ex-libris saec. IX, found on fol. 1v, was altered later to that of St Martial, Limoges. There are marginalia in ninth-century Visigothic and in Notae Tironianae. The MS belonged to Paul Petau (†1614).",3,,,"Fulgentius Ruspensis, Epistula ad Monimum.",Parchment,,,"TM 220408",,"fol. 23v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.267,"Script a graceful and well-formed uncial: certain letters, especially the cross-stroke of **T**, have often a characteristic ornamental hair-line; **N** is distinctly broad. The first fly-leaf (fol. i), a discarded leaf, contains part of the preface in uncial by the scribe of the MS; the same text is found again on foll. 4v–5.","☛CLA provenance (probably France) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1367–8.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/116,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/116,"Script a graceful and well-formed uncial: certain letters, especially the cross-stroke of T, have often a characteristic ornamental hair-line; N is distinctly broad. The first fly-leaf (fol. i), a discarded leaf, contains part of the preface in uncial by the scribe of the MS; the same text is found again on foll. 4v–5.
","Written probably in Spain. The two parts of the MS on different parchment and by different hands were manifestly written at the same time, as is proved by the peculiar position of the prickings for ruling. It was certainly at Fleury by the ninth century: the Fleury ex-libris saec. IX, found on fol. 1v, was altered later to that of St Martial, Limoges. There are marginalia in ninth-century Visigothic and in Notae Tironianae. The MS belonged to Paul Petau (†1614).
","☛CLA provenance (probably France) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1367–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/116.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/116.jpg 117,117,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,1,104b,"Written probably in Spain. This part of the MS also contains the erased Fleury ex-libris altered to that of St Martial, Limoges (cf. foll. 140v, 150v); it also has Visigothic and Tironian marginalia passim.",3,,,"Fulgentius Ruspensis, Contra Arianos, Epistula ad Trasimundum, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66199",,"fol. 124v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.267/0201,"Colophons in Rustic capital, in black or in alternate lines of black and red. First line of each book in red. Script a small half-uncial: **G** has the uncial form; the top of **F** and of **S** and the cross-stroke of **T** are rather fine.","☛CLA origin (probably France) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1369.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/117,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/117,"Colophons in Rustic capital, in black or in alternate lines of black and red. First line of each book in red. Script a small half-uncial: G has the uncial form; the top of F and of S and the cross-stroke of T are rather fine.
","Written probably in Spain. This part of the MS also contains the erased Fleury ex-libris altered to that of St Martial, Limoges (cf. foll. 140v, 150v); it also has Visigothic and Tironian marginalia passim.
","☛CLA origin (probably France) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1369.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/117.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/117.jpg 118,118,"Uncial and b-type Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,1,105,"Written in France. Closely akin to a series of MSS believed to come from North-East France, the ornamentation suggesting the Corbie school. Uncial MSS of this type are Paris Lat. 6413, 10399 + 10400 (fol. 27), 18282; Oxford Bodl. Laud Misc. 126 [1556]; titles and headings in this script occur in Paris Lat. 12240 and 12241; minuscule MSS are Autun 20, Montpellier 3, Oxford Bodl. Douce f. 1 [21999], Paris Lat. 4808 (fol. 121). The Reginensis MS belonged to Alexander Petau (†1672); the Paris leaves, separated from the main MS at least as early as 1651, when Morin described the Sacramentary, belonged to J. B. Colbert. (†1683).",3,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum; Exorcismus et Poenitentiale.",Parchment,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",,"TM 66200",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 316, foll. 173, 2v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.316,"Script is a rather ornate uncial of a distinct type: the tail of **G** is like a shallow **S**; the bows of **M** rise branch-like above the line (cf. [CLA 1.54](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/62)); the typical letter is **N** with the second upright leaning to the left. On foll. 2v, 45v–46v the Greek Pater Noster and Creed have been glossed in Latin interlinearly in a French minuscule which is the immediate precursor of the Corbie a-b script. That the uncial and the b-type minuscule of this MS are products of the same centre is established by the fact that the type of uncial used for titles and colophons in b-type minuscule MSS is precisely that used throughout this MS. Characteristic letters are the open **b** with a tag to the right and the **a** either suprascript and combining with the next letter or with the front stroke rising high above the line. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 180.","☛Gamber, CLLA 610. ☛R. McKitterick, 'Nuns' Scriptoria in England and Francia' [Francia 19 (1992) 1–35](http://francia.digitale-sammlungen.de/Blatt_bsb00016296,00011.html) argues for Jouarre origin.",,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/118,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118,"Script is a rather ornate uncial of a distinct type: the tail of G is like a shallow S; the bows of M rise branch-like above the line (cf. CLA 1.54); the typical letter is N with the second upright leaning to the left. On foll. 2v, 45v–46v the Greek Pater Noster and Creed have been glossed in Latin interlinearly in a French minuscule which is the immediate precursor of the Corbie a-b script. That the uncial and the b-type minuscule of this MS are products of the same centre is established by the fact that the type of uncial used for titles and colophons in b-type minuscule MSS is precisely that used throughout this MS. Characteristic letters are the open b with a tag to the right and the a either suprascript and combining with the next letter or with the front stroke rising high above the line. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 180.
","Written in France. Closely akin to a series of MSS believed to come from North-East France, the ornamentation suggesting the Corbie school. Uncial MSS of this type are Paris Lat. 6413, 10399 + 10400 (fol. 27), 18282; Oxford Bodl. Laud Misc. 126 [1556]; titles and headings in this script occur in Paris Lat. 12240 and 12241; minuscule MSS are Autun 20, Montpellier 3, Oxford Bodl. Douce f. 1 [21999], Paris Lat. 4808 (fol. 121). The Reginensis MS belonged to Alexander Petau (†1672); the Paris leaves, separated from the main MS at least as early as 1651, when Morin described the Sacramentary, belonged to J. B. Colbert. (†1683).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 610. ☛R. McKitterick, 'Nuns' Scriptoria in England and Francia' Francia 19 (1992) 1–35 argues for Jouarre origin.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/118.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/118.jpg 119,119,Uncial,"VII ex–VIII in",684,710,1,106,"Origin Burgundy: the MS was written, it seems, for Autun, at an important centre where the script of Luxeuil was practised. A kindred MS is the Luxeuil Lectionary (Paris Lat. 9427, CLA [5.579](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943)).",2,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum. ",Parchment,"Missale Gothicum.",,"TM 66201",,"fol. 187v",,,"Written by several scribes, some showing boldness and mastery of stroke. The titles use fancy capitals characteristic of the 'Luxeuil' type. Noteworthy are letters **O** and **M**. Fol. 136v contains a prayer in Merovingian cursive saec. VIII. At the ends of formulae the words 'per dominum nostrum', etc. are frequently written in Luxeuil minuscule. Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Lowe's original date (VII in) and corrected date (VII–VIII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 18, dates to the end of the seventh century. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 3 scribes. ☛Gamber, CLLA 210. ☛H. M. Bannister, Missale Gothicum (Bradshaw Society 54) [vol. 2](https://archive.org/download/missalegothicumg01cath/missalegothicumg01cath.pd)",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/119,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119,"Written by several scribes, some showing boldness and mastery of stroke. The titles use fancy capitals characteristic of the 'Luxeuil' type. Noteworthy are letters O and M. Fol. 136v contains a prayer in Merovingian cursive saec. VIII. At the ends of formulae the words 'per dominum nostrum', etc. are frequently written in Luxeuil minuscule. Notae Tironianae occur.
","Origin Burgundy: the MS was written, it seems, for Autun, at an important centre where the script of Luxeuil was practised. A kindred MS is the Luxeuil Lectionary (Paris Lat. 9427, CLA 5.579).
","☛Lowe's original date (VII in) and corrected date (VII–VIII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 18, dates to the end of the seventh century. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 3 scribes. ☛Gamber, CLLA 210. ☛H. M. Bannister, Missale Gothicum (Bradshaw Society 54) vol. 2
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/119.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/119.jpg 120,120,Half-Uncial,VII²,651,700,1,"** (p. 32)","Written presumably in France. Belonged to the Abbey of Corbie; was discarded there and used in bindings: the main Amiens MS certainly belonged to Corbie, so probably did the Vatican MS, which was later in the library of Paul Petau (†1614).",3,,,"Vita S Abrahae Eremitae; Ephraim Syrus, Paraenesis; Ps- Ephraim Syrus, Sermo Asceticus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66202",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 329, fol. 1v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.329/0007,"Written in a very heavy type of half-uncial to be compared with that of Vatic. Lat. 10800 (CLA [1.58](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/66)): letters **G**, **L**, **M** have the uncial form; **A** is very open; the shoulder of **R** is sickle-shaped. For further details of the other parts see under Amiens and Paris.","☛For the Amiens and Paris parts, see CLA [6.708](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1103).",,,,,1103,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/120,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/120,"Written in a very heavy type of half-uncial to be compared with that of Vatic. Lat. 10800 (CLA 1.58): letters G, L, M have the uncial form; A is very open; the shoulder of R is sickle-shaped. For further details of the other parts see under Amiens and Paris.
","Written presumably in France. Belonged to the Abbey of Corbie; was discarded there and used in bindings: the main Amiens MS certainly belonged to Corbie, so probably did the Vatican MS, which was later in the library of Paul Petau (†1614).
","☛For the Amiens and Paris parts, see CLA 6.708.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/120.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/120.jpg 121,121,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,1,107,"Written no doubt in France. Was, at any rate, later at Micy, where it seems to have been cut up for fly-leaves. The Vatican volume is a collection of miscellaneous fragments.",3,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66203",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 689 bis, fol. 324",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.689.pt.2/0005,"Written in a somewhat crude uncial of the later stage: the bow of **A** is often high and sometimes unattached; the **NT** ligature occurs even in mid-line.","☛CLA date (VII ex) changed to follow CLA [10.**107](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/138).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/121,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/121,"Written in a somewhat crude uncial of the later stage: the bow of A is often high and sometimes unattached; the NT ligature occurs even in mid-line.
","Written no doubt in France. Was, at any rate, later at Micy, where it seems to have been cut up for fly-leaves. The Vatican volume is a collection of miscellaneous fragments.
","☛CLA date (VII ex) changed to follow CLA 10.**107.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/121.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/121.jpg 122,122,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,108,"Written in a scriptorium in the St Gall-Reichenau area. A copy of this MS, now Vienna 482, was written at Reichenau saec. IX. The Vatican part belonged to Goldast (†1635).",2,,,"Idacius, Chronicon; Iulius Hilarianus, De Cursu Temporum; Fredegarius, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66204",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 713, fol. 28",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.713,"Script is a Germanic minuscule using many ligatures: **te**, **tu**, especially **ti**, and regularly **ri**; the **nt** ligature is used in mid-word (a Germanic feature); two forms of **a** occur, the open being the less common. For details of the other part see under Leiden, CLA [10.**108](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/139).","☛CLA script (German Pre-Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA [10.**108](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/139). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2212R. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 370",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/122,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/122,"Script is a Germanic minuscule using many ligatures: te, tu, especially ti, and regularly ri; the nt ligature is used in mid-word (a Germanic feature); two forms of a occur, the open being the less common. For details of the other part see under Leiden, CLA 10.**108.
","Written in a scriptorium in the St Gall-Reichenau area. A copy of this MS, now Vienna 482, was written at Reichenau saec. IX. The Vatican part belonged to Goldast (†1635).
","☛CLA script (German Pre-Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 10.**108. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2212R. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 370
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/122.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/122.jpg 123,123,"Caroline Minuscule, Tours School",VIII–IX,701,900,1,109,"Written at Tours. It is a direct copy of the fifth-century uncial Codex Puteanus, Paris Lat. 5730 (CLA [5.562](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/922)).",1,47.3941,0.6848,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (22–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 66205",,"fol. 32 ",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.762,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, written by eight scribes (Gyslarius, Aldo, Fredegaudus, Nauto, Theogrimnus, Theodegrimus, Ansoaldus, and Landemarus) exhibiting different stages of development. Turonian half-uncial occurs at the beginning of one book. Crowding and spreading at the ends of quires show that the archetype was distributed by quires to the several scribes.",,,,16,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/123,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/123,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, written by eight scribes (Gyslarius, Aldo, Fredegaudus, Nauto, Theogrimnus, Theodegrimus, Ansoaldus, and Landemarus) exhibiting different stages of development. Turonian half-uncial occurs at the beginning of one book. Crowding and spreading at the ends of quires show that the archetype was distributed by quires to the several scribes.
","Written at Tours. It is a direct copy of the fifth-century uncial Codex Puteanus, Paris Lat. 5730 (CLA 5.562).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/123.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/123.jpg 124,124,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,1,110,"Written in France, probably at Lyon. Probationes pennae in the French charter-hand of the eighth century on various pages. Belonged to Jean du Tillet (†1570) and to Alexander Petau (†1672).",1,,,"Codex Theodosianus (9–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66206",,"fol. 76v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.886,"Many notae iuris occur in the marginalia. The manuscript is written with a pen cut for writing Greek, which lends a strange appearance to some Latin letters, but the Greek uncial found on foll. 75–76v shows pure Greek forms. The contemporary marginalia are in two different styles, one being mostly uncial, the other practically pure half-uncial. An early reader used a Greek sign in the margin.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/124,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/124,"Many notae iuris occur in the marginalia. The manuscript is written with a pen cut for writing Greek, which lends a strange appearance to some Latin letters, but the Greek uncial found on foll. 75–76v shows pure Greek forms. The contemporary marginalia are in two different styles, one being mostly uncial, the other practically pure half-uncial. An early reader used a Greek sign in the margin.
","Written in France, probably at Lyon. Probationes pennae in the French charter-hand of the eighth century on various pages. Belonged to Jean du Tillet (†1570) and to Alexander Petau (†1672).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/124.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/124.jpg 125,125,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,1,111,"Written in Spain or in South France. Features favouring a Spanish origin are the Visigothic abbreviations, the curious ligature of IT, and the Visigothic cursive found on foll. 5, 39v, 77v–83v, 138. ",2,,,"Leges Visigothorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66207",,"fol. 99v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.1024,"The half-uncial is mixed, manifestly in a state of transition: usually **G**, **L**, and **S** have uncial forms, and **R** is frequently uncial in ligature; but on fol. 95 the normal half-uncial **G** is used, also the ligature **RI**; in the ligatures **OR** and **ON** the right bow of **O** has a characteristic prolongation to form the shaft of **R** and **N**; **IT** is formed by prolonging the shaft of **T**, a Visigothic feature. On fol. 99v a new hand uses the delta-shaped **A**, two forms of **D**, half-uncial **L** and **S**. Notae Tironianae on fol. 112v .",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/125,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/125,"The half-uncial is mixed, manifestly in a state of transition: usually G, L, and S have uncial forms, and R is frequently uncial in ligature; but on fol. 95 the normal half-uncial G is used, also the ligature RI; in the ligatures OR and ON the right bow of O has a characteristic prolongation to form the shaft of R and N; IT is formed by prolonging the shaft of T, a Visigothic feature. On fol. 99v a new hand uses the delta-shaped A, two forms of D, half-uncial L and S. Notae Tironianae on fol. 112v .
","Written in Spain or in South France. Features favouring a Spanish origin are the Visigothic abbreviations, the curious ligature of IT, and the Visigothic cursive found on foll. 5, 39v, 77v–83v, 138.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/125.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/125.jpg 126,126,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,112,"Written in France. Corrected probably in Rome soon after being written.",3,,,"Canones Concilii Sexti Oecumenici.",Parchment,,,"TM 66208",,"fol. 63av",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.1040,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by more than one hand. The MS has been copied by quires and there is spreading or crowding at ends of quires and elsewhere. A remarkable feature in this MS is the presence of numerous interlinear corrections in uncial. Other corrections are in French minuscule, some even suggesting 'Luxeuil' type (fol. 56). On fol. 63v occurs an addition in the script of the Roman Curia. Notae Tironianae occur. ","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 103 no. 46.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/126,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/126,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by more than one hand. The MS has been copied by quires and there is spreading or crowding at ends of quires and elsewhere. A remarkable feature in this MS is the presence of numerous interlinear corrections in uncial. Other corrections are in French minuscule, some even suggesting 'Luxeuil' type (fol. 56). On fol. 63v occurs an addition in the script of the Roman Curia. Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written in France. Corrected probably in Rome soon after being written.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 103 no. 46.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/126.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/126.jpg 127,127,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,1,"** (p. 34)","Written probably in Italy. Came early to Fleury where it was broken up, ca. saec. VII–VIII, and used partly as bindings, partly to write Hieronymus in Isaiam in uncial. The Vatican leaves come from a binding and belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Berlin leaf was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo.",3,,,"Sallustius, Historiae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66209",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 1283B, fol. 92 ",,,"Script very regular, but not of the oldest type: **F** rises above the line; **G** is uncial; the second upright of **H** is like an elongated C; **U** is almost uncial. For other details see under Orléans and Berlin.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1493.",,,,2,1223,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/127,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/127,"Script very regular, but not of the oldest type: F rises above the line; G is uncial; the second upright of H is like an elongated C; U is almost uncial. For other details see under Orléans and Berlin.
","Written probably in Italy. Came early to Fleury where it was broken up, ca. saec. VII–VIII, and used partly as bindings, partly to write Hieronymus in Isaiam in uncial. The Vatican leaves come from a binding and belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Berlin leaf was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1493.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/127.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/127.jpg 128,128,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,1,"** (p. 34)","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The leaves were used at Fleury to strengthen the bindings of MSS. The Vatican MS contains Fulgentius and Notae Iuris in early minuscule saec. IX, which, to judge by marginalia, was at Fleury by the end of the ninth century.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (1 Sm 8.19, 2 Sm 2.13–4.9, 1 Rg 7.27–8.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66970",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 1462, fol. 1v",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.1462/0005,"Script very careful and regular uncial, but not of the oldest type.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1503.",,,,,1211,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/128,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/128,"Script very careful and regular uncial, but not of the oldest type.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The leaves were used at Fleury to strengthen the bindings of MSS. The Vatican MS contains Fulgentius and Notae Iuris in early minuscule saec. IX, which, to judge by marginalia, was at Fleury by the end of the ninth century.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1503.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/128.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/128.jpg 129,129,Uncial,V,401,500,1,"** (p. 34)","Origin presumably Italy. Two ninth-century copies exist: Berlin 126 (Phillipps 1872), written at Tours, and Leiden Voss. Lat. Q. 110, from St Maximin, Micy. The original MS was probably then at Fleury (the Paris portion has the Fleury ex-libris on fol. 1) and was later broken up and used in bindings. Probably all the leaves belonged to Paul Petau (†1614), the Leiden leaves certainly.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,," TM 66693",,"Image from Regin. Lat. 1709 A, fol. 34v",,,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type, written in various sizes. A few sections in Rustic capital occur. For other details see under CLA [5.563](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/923), [10.563](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/153), and S2 [p. 43](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/3).",,,,,,923,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/129,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/129,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type, written in various sizes. A few sections in Rustic capital occur. For other details see under CLA 5.563, 10.563, and S2 p. 43.
","Origin presumably Italy. Two ninth-century copies exist: Berlin 126 (Phillipps 1872), written at Tours, and Leiden Voss. Lat. Q. 110, from St Maximin, Micy. The original MS was probably then at Fleury (the Paris portion has the Fleury ex-libris on fol. 1) and was later broken up and used in bindings. Probably all the leaves belonged to Paul Petau (†1614), the Leiden leaves certainly.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/129.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/129.jpg 130,130,"Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,1,113,"Written at Chieti in the Abruzzi, to judge by the second part of the colophon on fol. 153; the first part saying that it was written by Sicipertus for Ingilrammus must have been copied from the archetype made for Ingilram, Bishop of Metz (768–791). The Ballerini assert that our MS was connected with Nonantola; for this no evidence seems to exist.",1,42.3479,14.1636,"Collectio Canonum.",Parchment,"Codex Ingilrammi.",,"TM 66212",,"fol. 116",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.1997,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; a curious suprascript **a** is used in the ligature **ae**; the **ti** ligature invariably denotes soft ti, but soft ti is not always rendered with it. Some uncial is used in the MS apart from titles and scribe's colophon.",,,3,15,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/130,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/130,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; a curious suprascript a is used in the ligature ae; the ti ligature invariably denotes soft ti, but soft ti is not always rendered with it. Some uncial is used in the MS apart from titles and scribe's colophon.
","Written at Chieti in the Abruzzi, to judge by the second part of the colophon on fol. 153; the first part saying that it was written by Sicipertus for Ingilrammus must have been copied from the archetype made for Ingilram, Bishop of Metz (768–791). The Ballerini assert that our MS was connected with Nonantola; for this no evidence seems to exist.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/130.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/130.jpg 131,131,Uncial,VII,601,700,1,114,"Origin probably Italy. On fol. 98v occurs ΕΓΩ ΛΟΥΠΟΥ ΤΕΣΤΕΣ ΣΟΥΜ (? saec. VII). The MS was in Rome in the Maffei family at least as early as saec. XVI. Later in the library of the Theatine fathers of S Andrea della Valle (ex-libris, fol. 1), who sold it to the Vatican in 1696 (private archives of the Vatican Library, No. 11, fol. 294).",3,,,"Hieronymus-Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Eusebius, Chronicon; Prosper, Epitoma chronikou; Vegetius, De re militare.",Parchment,,,"TM 66213",,"fol. 78",,,"The list of heresies (fol. 101) is framed in arcading like Canon-tables. Written by two scribes: one uses broad, roundish letters, the other more careless and disjointed ones with a characteristic **x**. Expert cursive marginalia saec. VII.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/131,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/131,"The list of heresies (fol. 101) is framed in arcading like Canon-tables. Written by two scribes: one uses broad, roundish letters, the other more careless and disjointed ones with a characteristic x. Expert cursive marginalia saec. VII.
","Origin probably Italy. On fol. 98v occurs ΕΓΩ ΛΟΥΠΟΥ ΤΕΣΤΕΣ ΣΟΥΜ (? saec. VII). The MS was in Rome in the Maffei family at least as early as saec. XVI. Later in the library of the Theatine fathers of S Andrea della Valle (ex-libris, fol. 1), who sold it to the Vatican in 1696 (private archives of the Vatican Library, No. 11, fol. 294).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/131.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/131.jpg 132,132,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,1,115,"Origin Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century to copy a MS of Hieronymus (CLA [1.114](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/131)).",3,,,"Cicero, In Verrem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66214",,"fol. 101v",,,"Script is a not very elegant rustic capital with uncial **U**; **L** goes above the line, **F** below. New sections begin with a larger letter outside the bounding line. Titles of evidence, etc., are written in uncial (e.g. foll. 22v, 101v). Apparently contemporary marginal notes on fol. 28 (in b-d uncial), fol. 28v (cursive), fol. 31 (uncial), and fol. 79v (b-uncial).",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/132,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/132,"Script is a not very elegant rustic capital with uncial U; L goes above the line, F below. New sections begin with a larger letter outside the bounding line. Titles of evidence, etc., are written in uncial (e.g. foll. 22v, 101v). Apparently contemporary marginal notes on fol. 28 (in b-d uncial), fol. 28v (cursive), fol. 31 (uncial), and fol. 79v (b-uncial).
","Origin Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century to copy a MS of Hieronymus (CLA 1.114).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/132.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/132.jpg 133,133,Uncial,VIII,701,800,1,116,"Origin uncertain, most probably Italy. The name 'Bernrat' occurs in the margin of fol. 96. With Old German glosses.",3,,,"Oribasius, Euporista (4).",Parchment,,,"TM 66215",,"fol. 95 ",,,"Script is carelessly written uncial of the later type: the bar of **N** is fine, **LL** run together. Neumes added in margin on fol. 95v. ","☛Y.-F Riou, Scriptorium 33 (1979), [pp. 235–7](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1979_num_33_2_1137).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/133,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/133,"Script is carelessly written uncial of the later type: the bar of N is fine, LL run together. Neumes added in margin on fol. 95v.
","Origin uncertain, most probably Italy. The name 'Bernrat' occurs in the margin of fol. 96. With Old German glosses.
","☛Y.-F Riou, Scriptorium 33 (1979), pp. 235–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/133.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/133.jpg 134,134,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,1,117,"Written probably in North Italy: the contemporary corrections in cursive half-uncial resemble the Probus in Naples Lat. 2 (olim Vienna 16) from Bobbio. Before the beginning of the eighth century the MS was either in a centre where the 'Luxeuil' type was used or in the hands of a librarian trained in that school. On fol. 289, under the colophon, is the entry in Luxeuil script: 'haec liber habet quaterniones xxxvi triginta et sex et folia ccxc ducenta et nonaginta.' A somewhat similar entry is found in the MS of Canons in Corbie a-b script Paris Lat. 3836 (CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/65)).",2,,,"Probus, Instituta Artium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66216",,"foll. 117 and 289",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Urb.lat.1154,"Script delicate and careful, yet curiously unlike the earliest Italian type represented, for example, by the Scholia Bobiensia of Cicero, the Fronto, or the Lateran Livy (CLA [1.28](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/36), [1.27](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/35), [1.57](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/65)). Numerous corrections and marginalia supplying omissions are in small contemporary uncial, half-uncial, or in expert cursive half-uncial. Omissions numerous and marked either by two corresponding arrows as in Greek papyri, or by **hd** in the text and **hs** after the insertion in the margin and vice versa according as the insertion is in the upper or lower margin. On fol. 20v the Chrismon is used by the corrector in dark ink as a signe de renvoi.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 28 (MSS with entry in Luxeuil Minuscule, fol. 289). ☛De Nonno, Manuscripts and tradition of grammatical texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance pp. 136, 153–63 with n. 71.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/134,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/134,"Script delicate and careful, yet curiously unlike the earliest Italian type represented, for example, by the Scholia Bobiensia of Cicero, the Fronto, or the Lateran Livy (CLA 1.28, 1.27, 1.57). Numerous corrections and marginalia supplying omissions are in small contemporary uncial, half-uncial, or in expert cursive half-uncial. Omissions numerous and marked either by two corresponding arrows as in Greek papyri, or by hd in the text and hs after the insertion in the margin and vice versa according as the insertion is in the upper or lower margin. On fol. 20v the Chrismon is used by the corrector in dark ink as a signe de renvoi.
","Written probably in North Italy: the contemporary corrections in cursive half-uncial resemble the Probus in Naples Lat. 2 (olim Vienna 16) from Bobbio. Before the beginning of the eighth century the MS was either in a centre where the 'Luxeuil' type was used or in the hands of a librarian trained in that school. On fol. 289, under the colophon, is the entry in Luxeuil script: 'haec liber habet quaterniones xxxvi triginta et sex et folia ccxc ducenta et nonaginta.' A somewhat similar entry is found in the MS of Canons in Corbie a-b script Paris Lat. 3836 (CLA 5.554).
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 28 (MSS with entry in Luxeuil Minuscule, fol. 289). ☛De Nonno, Manuscripts and tradition of grammatical texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance pp. 136, 153–63 with n. 71.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/1/134.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/1/134.jpg 135,325,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,3,**5b,"Written in some centre with Insular connections, probably in Italy. The MS suffered dismemberment apparently in the ninth century, to judge by the uncial title at the top of fol. 1. Was in the library of Count D. Boutourlin, sold in 1831; his bookplate is on the paper fly-leaf. Later in the possession of the notorious Guglielmo Libri; came with the Libri collection to Lord Ashburnham, and passed with the Ashburnham-Libri MSS to Florence in 1884.",0,,,"Ps- Augustinus, Hypomnesticon; Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 220389",,"fol. 75",,,"Script is an uncalligraphic and debased Irish minuscule. The page and a half left blank at the end of the codex were filled by a prayer to the Trinity in rather rough Caroline minuscule saec. X–XI. The MS was copied from a defective archetype: at the bottom of fol. 38 the scribe entered the note 'Hic minus habetur de fine epistolae ad ephesios', etc.; fol. 38v is left blank.",,,,3,,8,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/135,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/135,"Script is an uncalligraphic and debased Irish minuscule. The page and a half left blank at the end of the codex were filled by a prayer to the Trinity in rather rough Caroline minuscule saec. X–XI. The MS was copied from a defective archetype: at the bottom of fol. 38 the scribe entered the note 'Hic minus habetur de fine epistolae ad ephesios', etc.; fol. 38v is left blank.
","Written in some centre with Insular connections, probably in Italy. The MS suffered dismemberment apparently in the ninth century, to judge by the uncial title at the top of fol. 1. Was in the library of Count D. Boutourlin, sold in 1831; his bookplate is on the paper fly-leaf. Later in the possession of the notorious Guglielmo Libri; came with the Libri collection to Lord Ashburnham, and passed with the Ashburnham-Libri MSS to Florence in 1884.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/135.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/135.jpg 136,1652,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,10,**1042,"Written presumably in a centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Eschmunên-Hermupolis.",3,,,"Paulus Iuridicus, De Formula Fabiana, Ad Plautium (8). ",Parchment,,,"TM 62360",,"One side of the Vienna fragment shown",,,"Script is a characteristic early half-uncial: **L** goes below the line; **o** is small. For further details, see under Berlin (CLA [8.1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501)).","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 14](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/025_tav014.pdf).",,1,,,1501,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/136,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136,"Script is a characteristic early half-uncial: L goes below the line; o is small. For further details, see under Berlin (CLA 8.1042).
","Written presumably in a centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Eschmunên-Hermupolis.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 14.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/136.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/136.jpg 137,1719,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,**1051,"Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script and provenance. Later dismembered for binding purposes. The Leiden fragment came into the possession of Isaac Vossius, perhaps together with the copy of the Chronicon Palatinum with which it is bound (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/317)). The Hanover leaf has only recently been found.",1,,,"Vitae et Passiones Sanctorum (Arnulfi; Fidei, Spei, et Caritatis; Genovefae; Iohannis Ev.; Iuliani; Polycarpi; Simeonis; Theogenis, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67188",,"recto of the Leiden fragment shown",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a roundish type found in some manuscripts from Weissenburg (cf. CLA [9.1384](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887), [1393](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897), etc.): open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **N** occurs in mid-word; the top of **ꞇ** often loops down to the left; **y** is short and dotted; some descenders are very long. For other details see under [Berlin](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1511).",,,1,,1,1511,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/137,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/137,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a roundish type found in some manuscripts from Weissenburg (cf. CLA 9.1384, 1393, etc.): open a is more frequent than a; N occurs in mid-word; the top of ꞇ often loops down to the left; y is short and dotted; some descenders are very long. For other details see under Berlin.
","Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script and provenance. Later dismembered for binding purposes. The Leiden fragment came into the possession of Isaac Vossius, perhaps together with the copy of the Chronicon Palatinum with which it is bound (see preceding item). The Hanover leaf has only recently been found.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/137.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/137.jpg 138,1693,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,10,**107,"Written doubtless in France Later at the monastery of St Mesmin at Micy where it was dismembered for fly-leaves; the Leiden manuscript to which our folios are attached, containing Hegesippus de excidio Hierusalem, saec. IX shows the Micy ex-libris on fol. 112v.",3,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66203",,"Image from Leiden fol. 2 ",,,"Script is bold somewhat heavy uncial of a Gallic type: the bow of **A** is often detached; the tail of **G** is short; ligatures occur of **AE**, **NS**, **NT**, **UR**, **US**. Some Notae Tironianae, including ‘usque hic’, were added by an early hand. Neumes were entered saec. X on Leiden fol. 2.",,,,,,121,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/138,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/138,"Script is bold somewhat heavy uncial of a Gallic type: the bow of A is often detached; the tail of G is short; ligatures occur of AE, NS, NT, UR, US. Some Notae Tironianae, including ‘usque hic’, were added by an early hand. Neumes were entered saec. X on Leiden fol. 2.
","Written doubtless in France Later at the monastery of St Mesmin at Micy where it was dismembered for fly-leaves; the Leiden manuscript to which our folios are attached, containing Hegesippus de excidio Hierusalem, saec. IX shows the Micy ex-libris on fol. 112v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/138.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/138.jpg 139,1711,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,**108,"Written in the St Gall-Reichenau region. The manuscript belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden in the seventeenth century; the Leiden part came into the possession of Isaac Vossius, the Queen's librarian.",2,,,"Idacius, Chronicon; Iulius Hilarianus, De Cursu Temporum; Fredegarius, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66204",,"Image from Leiden foll. 3 and 38",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad and roundish pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type, with open **a** much more frequent than **a**; **i**-longa is used initially; ligatures include **nꞇ** (frequently even in mid-word), **ro**, **ꞇe**, **ti**, and **ꞇre**. A marginal addition in contemporary capitals on Leiden fol. 34. Corrections saec. X in grey ink on the first pages; an addition saec. XII–XIII on Leiden fol. 24. For other details see under the Vatican ( CLA [1.108](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/122)).",,,,4,,122,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/139,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/139,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad and roundish pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type, with open a much more frequent than a; i-longa is used initially; ligatures include nꞇ (frequently even in mid-word), ro, ꞇe, ti, and ꞇre. A marginal addition in contemporary capitals on Leiden fol. 34. Corrections saec. X in grey ink on the first pages; an addition saec. XII–XIII on Leiden fol. 24. For other details see under the Vatican ( CLA 1.108).
","Written in the St Gall-Reichenau region. The manuscript belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden in the seventeenth century; the Leiden part came into the possession of Isaac Vossius, the Queen's librarian.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/139.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/139.jpg 140,1597,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,"**1124 (+ 8.1124)","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, together with a number of other grammatical texts also used for binding purposes in the fifteenth century at Reichenau (cf. CLA, [8.1125](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1592), [1126](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593), [1127](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), [1129](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598)).",2,,,"Charisius, Ars Grammatica (2–3, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67264",,"Image shows the part of the strip visible on Vienna fol. 85",,,"Script is a small, rather poorly written Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule. For further details, see under Karlsruhe (CLA [8.1124](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591)).",,4,,2,,1591,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/140,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/140,"Script is a small, rather poorly written Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule. For further details, see under Karlsruhe (CLA 8.1124).
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, together with a number of other grammatical texts also used for binding purposes in the fifteenth century at Reichenau (cf. CLA, 8.1125, 1126, 1127, 1129).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/140.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/140.jpg 142,1575,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,**1127,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the same one that produced other Karlsruhe grammatical fragments treated in CLA [8.1124](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591), [1125](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1592), [1126](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593). Later at Reichenau, where it was used for binding purposes. The St Paul fragments come from St Blasien in the Black Forest; they belonged to the collection formed by the Prince-Abbot Martin Gerbert.",2,,,"Bonifatius, Epistula ad Sigebertum; Tatuinus, Ars Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67267",,"Image from St. Paul fol. 5v",,,"Script, by several hands, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **n** and **r** regularly minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, and partly a rather curious Anglo-Saxon minuscule; one hand recalls the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA [8.1207](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1685)); **g** resembles a flat-topped 3.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 29.4.9 (foll. 5–6).",,,2,,1595,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/142,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/142,"Script, by several hands, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule with n and r regularly minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, and partly a rather curious Anglo-Saxon minuscule; one hand recalls the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA 8.1207); g resembles a flat-topped 3.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the same one that produced other Karlsruhe grammatical fragments treated in CLA 8.1124, 1125, 1126. Later at Reichenau, where it was used for binding purposes. The St Paul fragments come from St Blasien in the Black Forest; they belonged to the collection formed by the Prince-Abbot Martin Gerbert.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 29.4.9 (foll. 5–6).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/142.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/142.jpg 143,1563,Uncial,V,401,500,10,**1174,"Written in Italy and probably in the North where it was used liturgically. It is possibly the 'Liber prophetarum quem Hiltiger de Italia adduxit' mentioned in a Reichenau list of books acquired during the abbacy of Erlebald (823–838). Later certainly in the Constance cathedral library where it was used for binding manuscripts, presumably in the middle of the fifteenth century.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores et Prophetae minores (Vetus Latina, Ez 8, 12, 16–28, 32-34, 42-48, passim, Dn 2.18–33, 9.25–10.11, 11.18–23, 35–39, Os 4–13.4, passim; Am 5–9, passim, Mi 1–2, 4–5, passim, Ioel 1–4, passim, Ion 1–4 passim, Na 1.1–7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67317",,"Image from a St. Paul folio formerly in MS. 16 (Ezech. XLVI 9-14)",,,"Script is expert uncial of the finest and oldest type: the tail of **G** is short; the first stroke of **M** is almost straight; ligatures are numerous at line ends. Marginalia in early quarter-uncial saec. V with many ligatures; abbreviations include **d** = dicunt, **q·** = que, and the normal forms of Nomina Sacra; omitted **M** is marked after the vowel by a horizontal stroke with dot below. The note 'IN LETANIA' is added in poor Rustic capital opposite Ezechiel 18.1.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 191 (fly-leaf) (now Schøyen collection). ☛Formerly Oslo, Private collection Schøyen MS 46 (formerly in Donaueschingen). ☛Formerly Vaduz, Pax ex innovatione Foundation number unknown.",,,,,1648,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/143,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/143,"Script is expert uncial of the finest and oldest type: the tail of G is short; the first stroke of M is almost straight; ligatures are numerous at line ends. Marginalia in early quarter-uncial saec. V with many ligatures; abbreviations include d = dicunt, q· = que, and the normal forms of Nomina Sacra; omitted M is marked after the vowel by a horizontal stroke with dot below. The note 'IN LETANIA' is added in poor Rustic capital opposite Ezechiel 18.1.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North where it was used liturgically. It is possibly the 'Liber prophetarum quem Hiltiger de Italia adduxit' mentioned in a Reichenau list of books acquired during the abbacy of Erlebald (823–838). Later certainly in the Constance cathedral library where it was used for binding manuscripts, presumably in the middle of the fifteenth century.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 191 (fly-leaf) (now Schøyen collection). ☛Formerly Oslo, Private collection Schøyen MS 46 (formerly in Donaueschingen). ☛Formerly Vaduz, Pax ex innovatione Foundation number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/143.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/143.jpg 144,1551,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,**1180,"Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from palaeography.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Ps- Augustinus, Sermones (109, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67321",,"Image shows Donaueschingen fol. 4",,,"Script is a regular, firm early Caroline minuscule resembling one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)) and other Salzburg manuscripts: **a** and **d** have two forms. For other details see under Donaueschingen.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 15 (925).",,1,,1,1654,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/144,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/144,"Script is a regular, firm early Caroline minuscule resembling one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313) and other Salzburg manuscripts: a and d have two forms. For other details see under Donaueschingen.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from palaeography.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 15 (925).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/144.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/144.jpg 145,1553,Uncial,VI²,551,600,10,**1286a,"Written possibly in Spain, to judge by certain palaeographical peculiarities, but possibly in Africa, to judge by the nature of the text and its relation to St Augustine. The surviving leaves were taken from medieval bindings of books from the Freising cathedral library.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli et Epistulae catholicae (Vetus Latina, Rm, 1–2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, 1 Tim; Vulgata, Hbr, 1 Pt, 1 Io). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67428",,"Göttweig recto (De Bruyne's fol. 20)",,,"Script is a somewhat angular uncial: the bow of **A** is small and thin; the right stroke of **ꝺ** is long; descenders are markedly long, a feature of Visigothic uncial. The prologues and some notes seen on foll. 23 and 25 are by the scribe of the CLA [9.1286b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1779).","☛CLA provenance (apparently Spain) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Munich, Universitätsbibliothek quarto 928.",,,,,1778,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/145,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/145,"Script is a somewhat angular uncial: the bow of A is small and thin; the right stroke of ꝺ is long; descenders are markedly long, a feature of Visigothic uncial. The prologues and some notes seen on foll. 23 and 25 are by the scribe of the CLA 9.1286b.
","Written possibly in Spain, to judge by certain palaeographical peculiarities, but possibly in Africa, to judge by the nature of the text and its relation to St Augustine. The surviving leaves were taken from medieval bindings of books from the Freising cathedral library.
","☛CLA provenance (apparently Spain) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Munich, Universitätsbibliothek quarto 928.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/145.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/145.jpg 146,1554,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,10,**1286b,"Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the Visigothic 'symptoms'. For provenance, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/145).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli et Epistulae catholicae (Vetus Latina, Rm, Phil, 1 Th; Vulgata, Iac, 1–2 Pt, 1–3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 67429",,"Göttweig recto (De Bruyne's fol.1)",,,"Script is uncial of a somewhat late type: the lower bow of **B** is open; the form of **G** is noteworthy, since it strongly resembles the form later used in Visigothic minuscule; V-shaped **U** occurs suprascript at line-ends; ascenders are rather long.",,,,,,1779,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/146,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/146,"Script is uncial of a somewhat late type: the lower bow of B is open; the form of G is noteworthy, since it strongly resembles the form later used in Visigothic minuscule; V-shaped U occurs suprascript at line-ends; ascenders are rather long.
","Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the Visigothic 'symptoms'. For provenance, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/146.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/146.jpg 147,1632,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,**1318,"Written presumably in Austria, probably at Mondsee, to judge by the script. The fragments were used for binding Mondsee manuscripts in the fifteenth century; one of these got to Tegernsee and is now Munich CLM 18704.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67462",,"Image from Vienna fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, to be compared with the second hand of Montpellier 409 (CLA [6.795](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209)) and the second hand of Vienna Lat. Ser. n. 2065 (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/236)): 'oc' **a** is more frequent than **a**; tall **T** and suprascript **v** occur at line-end; the horizontals of **z** are curved; numerous ligatures including **nꞇ** in mid-word and forms with suprascript **a** or subscript **i**; **ti** ligature occurs for hard ti.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20–1.",,1,,1,1819,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/147,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/147,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, to be compared with the second hand of Montpellier 409 (CLA 6.795) and the second hand of Vienna Lat. Ser. n. 2065 (see preceding item): 'oc' a is more frequent than a; tall T and suprascript v occur at line-end; the horizontals of z are curved; numerous ligatures including nꞇ in mid-word and forms with suprascript a or subscript i; ti ligature occurs for hard ti.
","Written presumably in Austria, probably at Mondsee, to judge by the script. The fragments were used for binding Mondsee manuscripts in the fifteenth century; one of these got to Tegernsee and is now Munich CLM 18704.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/147.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/147.jpg 148,1689,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,10,**1325,"Written presumably in a Bavarian centre. The Prague bifolium, once preserved in the binding of a Richnov copy of the Topographic Kärndtens of J. W. Valvassor (†1693), was given to the Prague library by Count Francis of Kolowrat.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 22–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67469",,"Image from Prague fol. 1v",,,"Script is imitation uncial of a very high craftsmanship, recalling the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA [9.1347](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1848)): the serifs of **C**, **E**, **F**, and **G** are often triangular; **X** is as a rule markedly low-waisted; the bow of **h** is high and ample. Noteworthy is the scribe's deviation from the ancient Italian custom of projecting the beginning of verses into the margin. For other details see under Munich (CLA [9.1325)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1826).",,,,,,1826,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/148,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/148,"Script is imitation uncial of a very high craftsmanship, recalling the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA 9.1347): the serifs of C, E, F, and G are often triangular; X is as a rule markedly low-waisted; the bow of h is high and ample. Noteworthy is the scribe's deviation from the ancient Italian custom of projecting the beginning of verses into the margin. For other details see under Munich (CLA 9.1325).
","Written presumably in a Bavarian centre. The Prague bifolium, once preserved in the binding of a Richnov copy of the Topographic Kärndtens of J. W. Valvassor (†1693), was given to the Prague library by Count Francis of Kolowrat.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/148.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/148.jpg 149,1552,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,10,**1337,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. All the fragments except the strips in Munich (see CLA [9.1337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1838)) are of Admont provenance.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores et Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Is, Ier, Ez, Dn, Os, Agg, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67480",,"recto of Admont Fragm. 12 ('VII')",,,"Script is minuscule of Luxeuil type. Liturgical rubrics occur in the margins. Neumes have been added in the New Haven and New York Lamentation fragments.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 267. ☛Formerly Châlons-sur-Marne, Private collection H. Beck private collection no number [now private collection Bern]. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 173.",,,8,,1838,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/149,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/149,"Script is minuscule of Luxeuil type. Liturgical rubrics occur in the margins. Neumes have been added in the New Haven and New York Lamentation fragments.
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. All the fragments except the strips in Munich (see CLA 9.1337) are of Admont provenance.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 267. ☛Formerly Châlons-sur-Marne, Private collection H. Beck private collection no number [now private collection Bern]. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 173.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/149.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/149.jpg 150,1670,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,10,**171,"Written presumably in North Italy to judge by the script. The surviving fragments were used for binding purposes at Stavelot in the sixteenth century. The folios in MS 19609 were fly-leaves in Brussels 19623–26 containing the De viris illustribus of Jerome, Gennadius, and Isidore (saec. XIII); the fragments in MS II 7478 formerly reinforced the binding of Brussels II. 2567 containing works of Gregory the Great (saec. XI and IX). Two folios of our manuscript (the missing Brussels leaves?) were sold to Rapilly at the Claudin sale in Paris, March 14, 1864 (teste S de Ricci).",2,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66275",,"Brussels 19609 fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a bold uncial: the form of **N** recalls that of North Italian products; the forms of **K** and of the cedilla below the **E**, which curves upwards, are also noteworthy. Compare Verona 17 (15), foll. 221–228, and also Vercelli CLXXXIII, foll. 107v–111v (see CLA [4.489b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/837) and [470](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/817). For other details, see under London and Paris (CLA [2.171](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/486); [5.**171](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/871)).",,,,,,486,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/150,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/150,"Script is a bold uncial: the form of N recalls that of North Italian products; the forms of K and of the cedilla below the E, which curves upwards, are also noteworthy. Compare Verona 17 (15), foll. 221–228, and also Vercelli CLXXXIII, foll. 107v–111v (see CLA 4.489b and 470. For other details, see under London and Paris (CLA 2.171; 5.**171).
","Written presumably in North Italy to judge by the script. The surviving fragments were used for binding purposes at Stavelot in the sixteenth century. The folios in MS 19609 were fly-leaves in Brussels 19623–26 containing the De viris illustribus of Jerome, Gennadius, and Isidore (saec. XIII); the fragments in MS II 7478 formerly reinforced the binding of Brussels II. 2567 containing works of Gregory the Great (saec. XI and IX). Two folios of our manuscript (the missing Brussels leaves?) were sold to Rapilly at the Claudin sale in Paris, March 14, 1864 (teste S de Ricci).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/150.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/150.jpg 151,1697,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,10,**227,"Written no doubt in Egypt, where it was used as a school book. The fragments come from Egypt, but the exact centre where they were found is not known. The Cairo fragments could not be located in 1960.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.235–243, 247–261, 270–274, 406–414, 418–426, 633–640, 702–707, 711–719) with literal Greek translation—school book.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62954",,"from the papyrological verso of Cairo 85644 B and is taken from Journ. Jur. Pap., IV, 1950. pl. III",,,"Script is early half-uncial of a type in some respects recalling that of the Leiden Paulus (see CLA [10.1577](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/305)); **A** and **𐌾** are uncial; **H** is capital; the foot of **L** descends obliquely below the line; the shoulder of **r** is square; the Latin letters **N**, **o**, **p**, and **ꞇ** conform to the Greek norms. Another hand using black ink corrected certain passages in the Latin and separated verses with paragraph marks or with a point when a new one begins on the line on which the preceding verse ends. For other details see under Manchester and Milan (CLA [2.227](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/545); [3.367](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/705)).","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding acquisition date). ☛P. Mil. 1.1 1 (Daris, Sergio). ☛L. Koenen, ZPE 11 (1973), p. 219–230 no. 3. ☛M. Fressura, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 77–97. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5b. ☛P. Mil. 1 1 (Calderini, Aristide). ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.",,1,,,545,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/151,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/151,"Script is early half-uncial of a type in some respects recalling that of the Leiden Paulus (see CLA 10.1577); A and 𐌾 are uncial; H is capital; the foot of L descends obliquely below the line; the shoulder of r is square; the Latin letters N, o, p, and ꞇ conform to the Greek norms. Another hand using black ink corrected certain passages in the Latin and separated verses with paragraph marks or with a point when a new one begins on the line on which the preceding verse ends. For other details see under Manchester and Milan (CLA 2.227; 3.367).
","Written no doubt in Egypt, where it was used as a school book. The fragments come from Egypt, but the exact centre where they were found is not known. The Cairo fragments could not be located in 1960.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding acquisition date). ☛P. Mil. 1.1 1 (Daris, Sergio). ☛L. Koenen, ZPE 11 (1973), p. 219–230 no. 3. ☛M. Fressura, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 77–97. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5b. ☛P. Mil. 1 1 (Calderini, Aristide). ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/151.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/151.jpg 152,1685,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,10,**285,"Written in North Italy and probably in the area where the bulk of the manuscript is still preserved. The liturgical system of lections suggests the province of Aquileia. The manuscript was kept at Aquileia in the Middle Ages. Some time before 1354 the last seven quires with the Gospel of Mark seem to have been separated from the rest of the volume in order to be shown as St Mark's autograph; in that year Emperor Charles IV obtained the last two quires as a relic for the Prague cathedral, where they were still used liturgically in the eighteenth century. In 1420 the rest of Mark was given to Venice. The three other Gospels finally reached Cividale.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io). (J)",Parchment,"Codex Aquileiensis. Codex Foroiulensi.",,"TM 66394",,"Image from Prague fol. XIV",,,"Script is bold, regular, calligraphic uncial, button of the very oldest type: the uprights of **h** and **L** have a horizontal serif; the bows of **P** and **q** are ample; **T** often rises high above the line; some ligatures at line-ends. Liturgical marginalia in cursive saec. VII on foll. IV and XVL. An erased entry in Caroline minuscule on fol. IX apparently contained names of visitors, as do similar entries seen in the Cividale part. Later liturgical entries saec. XVIII on foll. XV and XVI. For other details see under Cividale (CLA [3.285](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/601)).","☛Gamber, CLLA 246.",,,,,601,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/152,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/152,"Script is bold, regular, calligraphic uncial, button of the very oldest type: the uprights of h and L have a horizontal serif; the bows of P and q are ample; T often rises high above the line; some ligatures at line-ends. Liturgical marginalia in cursive saec. VII on foll. IV and XVL. An erased entry in Caroline minuscule on fol. IX apparently contained names of visitors, as do similar entries seen in the Cividale part. Later liturgical entries saec. XVIII on foll. XV and XVI. For other details see under Cividale (CLA 3.285).
","Written in North Italy and probably in the area where the bulk of the manuscript is still preserved. The liturgical system of lections suggests the province of Aquileia. The manuscript was kept at Aquileia in the Middle Ages. Some time before 1354 the last seven quires with the Gospel of Mark seem to have been separated from the rest of the volume in order to be shown as St Mark's autograph; in that year Emperor Charles IV obtained the last two quires as a relic for the Prague cathedral, where they were still used liturgically in the eighteenth century. In 1420 the rest of Mark was given to Venice. The three other Gospels finally reached Cividale.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 246.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/152.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/152.jpg 153,1716,Uncial,V,401,500,10,**563,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Fleury: a ninth-century Fleury ex-libris is seen in the Paris portion. Later dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Leiden leaves served for a time as fly-leaves in two different manuscripts and were later bound as foll. 167–172 at the end of a ninth-century Micy manuscript of Jerome's Chronicle (Voss. Lat. Qu. 110). Still later they were detached and bound separately.",3,,,"Eusebius-Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66693",,"foll. 3v and 6 of the Leiden portion",,,"Script, in various sizes, is a beautiful uncial of the oldest type; half-uncial occasionally at line-end (fol. 3v). Contemporary cursive half-uncial is seen in a correction (fol. 2v). Variant readings are added in fine ninth-century minuscule; a twelfth-century hand entered on fol. 3 'Lib philosophie; decretales', being the contents of the book for which foll. 3–6 once served as fly-leaves. Neumes and some scribbles occur. See also under [Paris](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/923) and the [Vatican](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/129).","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1074. BF1532.",,,,,923,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/153,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/153,"Script, in various sizes, is a beautiful uncial of the oldest type; half-uncial occasionally at line-end (fol. 3v). Contemporary cursive half-uncial is seen in a correction (fol. 2v). Variant readings are added in fine ninth-century minuscule; a twelfth-century hand entered on fol. 3 'Lib philosophie; decretales', being the contents of the book for which foll. 3–6 once served as fly-leaves. Neumes and some scribbles occur. See also under Paris and the Vatican.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Fleury: a ninth-century Fleury ex-libris is seen in the Paris portion. Later dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Leiden leaves served for a time as fly-leaves in two different manuscripts and were later bound as foll. 167–172 at the end of a ninth-century Micy manuscript of Jerome's Chronicle (Voss. Lat. Qu. 110). Still later they were detached and bound separately.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1074. BF1532.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/153.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/153.jpg 154,1699,Uncial,VI,501,600,10,**799,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Fleury (see CLA [6.799](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1213)). Our bifolium at one time apparently served as a fly-leaf: the almost illegible entry 'Paraphe', etc., regularly found in manuscripts from the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, can be made out between the columns of fol. 1. Acquired by Gerard Meerman in 1764.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores et Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Is, Ier, Ez, Za, Mal).",Parchment,,,"TM 66972",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a careful, regular uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is thin and pointed; the tail of **𐌾** is long and thin; the right arch of **M** is usually larger than the left; **S** is top-heavy. Some Notae Tironianae (foll. 1–2v) and slight corrections in the same grey ink (saec. IX?).",,,,,,1213,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/154,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/154,"Script is a careful, regular uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of A is thin and pointed; the tail of 𐌾 is long and thin; the right arch of M is usually larger than the left; S is top-heavy. Some Notae Tironianae (foll. 1–2v) and slight corrections in the same grey ink (saec. IX?).
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Fleury (see CLA 6.799). Our bifolium at one time apparently served as a fly-leaf: the almost illegible entry 'Paraphe', etc., regularly found in manuscripts from the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, can be made out between the columns of fol. 1. Acquired by Gerard Meerman in 1764.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/154.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/154.jpg 155,1717,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,10,**819,"Written probably in a South Italian centre, to judge by the script. Was early at Fleury (a Fleury ex-libris, saec. VIII–IX, is seen on fol. 49 of the Orléans portion), where it was dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Leiden fragments, which are now kept separately, were formerly fly-leaves of MS Voss. Lat. Oct. 88, containing Glosses, Augustine's De dialectica, etc., saec. X and Defensor's Liber scintillarum, saec. XII. Pierre Daniel's ex-libris of 1560 is seen on fol. 2. Belonged to Queen Christina and later to Isaac Vossius (1618–1689) in whose collection it bore the numbers B.41 and 270. Attention to the Bern fragment was recently called by Dr Chr. von Steiger, its custodian.",2,,,"Origenes, Homiliae in Leviticum (5–8, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67599",,"recto and verso of fol. 1 of the Leiden portion",,,"Script is a careful but somewhat stiff half-uncial: **g** approximates to the minuscule form; the shoulder of **r** almost reaches the base-line. Other details will be found under Orléans (CLA [6.819](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1233)) and [Bern](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1972).","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF364.",,,,,1233,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/155,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/155,"Script is a careful but somewhat stiff half-uncial: g approximates to the minuscule form; the shoulder of r almost reaches the base-line. Other details will be found under Orléans (CLA 6.819) and Bern.
","Written probably in a South Italian centre, to judge by the script. Was early at Fleury (a Fleury ex-libris, saec. VIII–IX, is seen on fol. 49 of the Orléans portion), where it was dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Leiden fragments, which are now kept separately, were formerly fly-leaves of MS Voss. Lat. Oct. 88, containing Glosses, Augustine's De dialectica, etc., saec. X and Defensor's Liber scintillarum, saec. XII. Pierre Daniel's ex-libris of 1560 is seen on fol. 2. Belonged to Queen Christina and later to Isaac Vossius (1618–1689) in whose collection it bore the numbers B.41 and 270. Attention to the Bern fragment was recently called by Dr Chr. von Steiger, its custodian.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF364.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/155.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/155.jpg 156,1694,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,**842,"Written apparently at Fulda, as the Basel portion suggests. Later history of the Copenhagen fragments unknown.",1,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66981",,"One side of each Copenhagen strip shown",,,"Script is a slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinctly continental type, with long descenders. For further details, see under Basel (CLA [7.842](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295)).",,,,2,,1295,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/156,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/156,"Script is a slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinctly continental type, with long descenders. For further details, see under Basel (CLA 7.842).
","Written apparently at Fulda, as the Basel portion suggests. Later history of the Copenhagen fragments unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/156.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/156.jpg 157,1562,Half-Uncial,V¹,401,450,10,**984,"Written in Italy, possibly during the lifetime of Jerome, to judge by the palaeography of the manuscript. Dismembered and used at St Gall in 1461, when the library was reorganized, for binding manuscripts. The St Paul leaves were probably acquired by Abbot Martin Gerbert for St Blasien in the Black Forest between 1768 and 1781. They came to St Paul in 1807.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 6.21–fin.; Mc 1–9, 22.1–34; Lc 22.66–23.17, Io initium). (Σ)",Parchment,,,"TM 67129",,"St. Paul fol. 2 shown",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/csg/1395,"Script is a graceful early half-uncial, pleasantly irregular: **a** is open and generally small; **c** and **e** extend above the other small letters; **i** often extends above the headline or below the base-line or both, apparently without any rule; suprascript cup-shaped **u** occurs near line-ends; some ligatures are used at line-ends. Contemporary marginalia and variant Latin and Greek readings in a small, bold, somewhat cursive half-uncial (MS 1395, p. 95) seen in the hand of the scribe.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.d.65. ☛Gamber, CLLA 73.",,,,,1450,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/157,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/157,"Script is a graceful early half-uncial, pleasantly irregular: a is open and generally small; c and e extend above the other small letters; i often extends above the headline or below the base-line or both, apparently without any rule; suprascript cup-shaped u occurs near line-ends; some ligatures are used at line-ends. Contemporary marginalia and variant Latin and Greek readings in a small, bold, somewhat cursive half-uncial (MS 1395, p. 95) seen in the hand of the scribe.
","Written in Italy, possibly during the lifetime of Jerome, to judge by the palaeography of the manuscript. Dismembered and used at St Gall in 1461, when the library was reorganized, for binding manuscripts. The St Paul leaves were probably acquired by Abbot Martin Gerbert for St Blasien in the Black Forest between 1768 and 1781. They came to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.d.65. ☛Gamber, CLLA 73.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/157.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/157.jpg 158,1603,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,10,**985,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge by script and ornamentation. Was used later at St Gall for book-binding. The Vienna volume which contains our bifolium as fly-leaves probably left St Gall in the sixteenth century; it was no. 282 in the Ambras collection, which was incorporated in the Imperial library in 1665.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 2–9, 63–65, 70–72, 79–83, 86–88, 91–94, 100–102, 105–106, 118, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67130",,"Image shows Vienna fol. b",,,"Script is a not very expert uncial of a late type; **S** at line-end sometimes has the elongated, sloping form encountered in sixth-century manuscripts; the first upright of **N**, the lower left limb of **X**, and occasionally the tail of **𐌾** have a marked horizontal serif. For other details see under St Gall (CLA [7.985](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1451)).",,,,,,1451,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/158,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/158,"Script is a not very expert uncial of a late type; S at line-end sometimes has the elongated, sloping form encountered in sixth-century manuscripts; the first upright of N, the lower left limb of X, and occasionally the tail of 𐌾 have a marked horizontal serif. For other details see under St Gall (CLA 7.985).
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge by script and ornamentation. Was used later at St Gall for book-binding. The Vienna volume which contains our bifolium as fly-leaves probably left St Gall in the sixteenth century; it was no. 282 in the Ambras collection, which was incorporated in the Imperial library in 1665.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/158.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/158.jpg 159,1555,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1443,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, presumably in Germany to judge by the script. Later history unknown. The Innsbruck fragments were taken from two bindings once belonging to the 'Wappenturm-Bücherei', which formed part of the old Innsbruck court library. ",2,,,"Ps- Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico (3.2–3); Flavius Iosephus, Bellum Iudaicum (3.2–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67630",,"Innsbruck fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a stately Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **g** is strikingly slender; **r** is rather broad; descenders are of uniform length.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1548.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/159,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/159,"Script is a stately Anglo-Saxon minuscule: g is strikingly slender; r is rather broad; descenders are of uniform length.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, presumably in Germany to judge by the script. Later history unknown. The Innsbruck fragments were taken from two bindings once belonging to the 'Wappenturm-Bücherei', which formed part of the old Innsbruck court library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1548.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/159.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/159.jpg 160,1556,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1444a,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the tenth century. The fragments were used to protect the folds in Tapier-Hs. 134 of the same library, a volume containing Nicolaus de Dinkelsbühl written in 1463 by Frater Vincentius Sitich. This paper manuscript belonged to the Benedictine abbey of St Paul in Carinthia.",3,,,"Fragmentum Patristicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67631",,"more legible side of the entire fragments shown",,,"Script is broad uncial of an early type; the first vertical of **N** tends to be longer than the second and the oblique stroke follows the Greek canon; the descenders of **F** and **P** are long.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/160,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/160,"Script is broad uncial of an early type; the first vertical of N tends to be longer than the second and the oblique stroke follows the Greek canon; the descenders of F and P are long.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the tenth century. The fragments were used to protect the folds in Tapier-Hs. 134 of the same library, a volume containing Nicolaus de Dinkelsbühl written in 1463 by Frater Vincentius Sitich. This paper manuscript belonged to the Benedictine abbey of St Paul in Carinthia.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/160.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/160.jpg 161,1557,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,10,1444b,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the tenth century. For later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/160).",3,,,"Fragmentum Patristicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67631",,"most legible strip is shown",,,"Script is a rather bold regular half-uncial; **a** has the open form. On the right half of our specimen one can decipher: inponebant populo praeScript is a rather bold regular half-uncial; a has the open form. On the right half of our specimen one can decipher: inponebant populo prae
Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the tenth century. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/161.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/161.jpg 162,1558,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1445,"Written at Salzburg, to judge from the script, and doubtless in the time of Bishop Arno (785–821).",1,47.8095,13.055,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, 1Sm 17.13–18.8, Prophetae fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67632",,"from a Kremsmünster folio showing Jerem. 30.24–31.7",,,"Script is calligraphic early Carolme minuscule of the Salzburg type akin to one hand of Munich CLM 16 128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)): **a** has two forms and also occurs suprascript in ligature with a following **r** at line-end. Slight corrections by a contemporary Insular hand are seen in the Kremsmünster leaves; they are probably by Cutbercht, the scribe of Vienna MS 1224 (CLA [10.1500](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/222)). An antiphon with neumes saec. X on fol. 18v; a theological note saec. XI on fol. 26v.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 4.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/162,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/162,"Script is calligraphic early Carolme minuscule of the Salzburg type akin to one hand of Munich CLM 16 128 (CLA 9.1313): a has two forms and also occurs suprascript in ligature with a following r at line-end. Slight corrections by a contemporary Insular hand are seen in the Kremsmünster leaves; they are probably by Cutbercht, the scribe of Vienna MS 1224 (CLA 10.1500). An antiphon with neumes saec. X on fol. 18v; a theological note saec. XI on fol. 26v.
","Written at Salzburg, to judge from the script, and doubtless in the time of Bishop Arno (785–821).
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/162.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/162.jpg 163,1559,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1446,"Origin uncertain: Switzerland or South France is likely. The fragment has been removed from the binding of Linz MS 103 (formerly Cc III II) containing Thomas Aquinas saec. XIV and coming from the Benedictine abbey of Garsten.",2,,,"Passio S Hadriani et Sociorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67633",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is gauche, stiff minuscule: **a** has the open form; **i**-longa is used initially; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** normally curves down at the left. Uncial **A** at beginning of sentences has a serif at the top and resembles the form seen in CLA [6.785](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1198), line 6. Tenth-century corrections in crude minuscule over erasures.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2346. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/163,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/163,"Script is gauche, stiff minuscule: a has the open form; i-longa is used initially; the cross-stroke of ꞇ normally curves down at the left. Uncial A at beginning of sentences has a serif at the top and resembles the form seen in CLA 6.785, line 6. Tenth-century corrections in crude minuscule over erasures.
","Origin uncertain: Switzerland or South France is likely. The fragment has been removed from the binding of Linz MS 103 (formerly Cc III II) containing Thomas Aquinas saec. XIV and coming from the Benedictine abbey of Garsten.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2346.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/163.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/163.jpg 164,1560,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1447,"Written probably in Austria or South-east Germany, to judge by certain palaeographical and ornamental features. The fragment was formerly used as a fly-leaf in Linz MS 88 (Cc IV 7) containing Vitae Sanctorum saec. XIII from the Benedictine abbey of Garsten. Missing in 1955.",2,,,"Liber Comitis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67634",,"from the recto",,,"Script is a compact minuscule: **a** regularly has the Caroline form; both **d** and **ꝺ** occur.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2348.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/164,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/164,"Script is a compact minuscule: a regularly has the Caroline form; both d and ꝺ occur.
","Written probably in Austria or South-east Germany, to judge by certain palaeographical and ornamental features. The fragment was formerly used as a fly-leaf in Linz MS 88 (Cc IV 7) containing Vitae Sanctorum saec. XIII from the Benedictine abbey of Garsten. Missing in 1955.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2348.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/164.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/164.jpg 165,1561,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1448,"Written doubtless at Salzburg. The leaf was used as a jacket; it still bears the press-mark 'P A Z C 1671'.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Cassianus, Collationes (5.8.2–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67635",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is calligraphic early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the Salzburg Liber Confraternitatis and in Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)): two forms of **d** occur; noteworthy is the sweeping **r** in the **or** ligature which is used even in mid-word; ascenders are serifed.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/165,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/165,"Script is calligraphic early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the Salzburg Liber Confraternitatis and in Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247): two forms of d occur; noteworthy is the sweeping r in the or ligature which is used even in mid-word; ascenders are serifed.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg. The leaf was used as a jacket; it still bears the press-mark 'P A Z C 1671'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/165.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/165.jpg 166,1564,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,10,1449,"Written presumably in Italy to judge by the script. Was apparently in the Lake Constance area ca. 800 to judge by the interlinear glosses. Our manuscript must have been dismembered by the thirteenth century, since the leather binding of the main manuscript has a Reichenau ex-libris of that date on the outside. For later history see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/167).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc 1.64–2.51).",Parchment,"Fragmentum Carinthianum. (β)",,"TM 67636",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a bold and natural uncial: the bow of **A** is shallow and suspended almost horizontally above the line. A half-uncial letter occurs here and there age line-ends. Interlinear Latin and Old High German glosses in minuscule saec. VIII–IX appear over most of the text.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.3.19 (foll. 1–2) ☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.a.1 (foll. 1–2). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 39.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/166,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/166,"Script is a bold and natural uncial: the bow of A is shallow and suspended almost horizontally above the line. A half-uncial letter occurs here and there age line-ends. Interlinear Latin and Old High German glosses in minuscule saec. VIII–IX appear over most of the text.
","Written presumably in Italy to judge by the script. Was apparently in the Lake Constance area ca. 800 to judge by the interlinear glosses. Our manuscript must have been dismembered by the thirteenth century, since the leather binding of the main manuscript has a Reichenau ex-libris of that date on the outside. For later history see next item.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.3.19 (foll. 1–2) ☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.a.1 (foll. 1–2). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 39.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/166.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/166.jpg 167,1565,Uncial,V²,451,500,10,1450,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. May have been at St Gall in the ninth century to judge by corrections. Later at Reichenau: 'LIBER MONASTERII AUGIE MAIORIS' (saec. XIII, on the old binding). Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest, presumably 1768–1781. Brought to St Paul in 1807.",3,,,"Ambrosius, De Fide.",Parchment,,,"TM 67637",,"fol. 49",,,"Script is excellent uncial of an old type: the bow of **A** is pointed; **N** is mostly broad; at line-ends **U** is sometimes V-shaped; ligatures at line-ends include **US**, **AG**, and **RE**. The manuscript was corrected throughout by the late ninth-century scholar, probably Abbot Ilartmut himself (872–883), whose hand is seen in several St Gall manuscripts (see CLA [7.936](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)). Probationes pennae here and there in mixed uncial and cursive saec. VI and VII, cf. especially fol. 155v: 'felix theudosius qui . . . defendet inluster'. The entry 'sigirih', saec. VIII–IX, stands on fol. 152v.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.3.19 (foll. 3–155). ☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.a.1 (foll. 3–155).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/167,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/167,"Script is excellent uncial of an old type: the bow of A is pointed; N is mostly broad; at line-ends U is sometimes V-shaped; ligatures at line-ends include US, AG, and RE. The manuscript was corrected throughout by the late ninth-century scholar, probably Abbot Ilartmut himself (872–883), whose hand is seen in several St Gall manuscripts (see CLA 7.936). Probationes pennae here and there in mixed uncial and cursive saec. VI and VII, cf. especially fol. 155v: 'felix theudosius qui . . . defendet inluster'. The entry 'sigirih', saec. VIII–IX, stands on fol. 152v.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. May have been at St Gall in the ninth century to judge by corrections. Later at Reichenau: 'LIBER MONASTERII AUGIE MAIORIS' (saec. XIII, on the old binding). Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest, presumably 1768–1781. Brought to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.3.19 (foll. 3–155). ☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.a.1 (foll. 3–155).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/167.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/167.jpg 168,1566,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1451,"Written probably in England to judge by the script and presumably in the North. Belonged later to Murbach; it is very likely that the three commentaries on Donatus contained in this volume were united at an early date; Murbach provenance is recorded ‘quantum recorder olim monasterii Murbacensis . . .' in a note entered on the inside front cover by P. Trudpert Neugart, the last librarian of St Blasien Abbey before its secularization; the fifteenth-century table of contents is apparently in the hand of Abbot Bartholomew of Andlau (1447–1476) who restored the Murbach library. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest in the late eighteenth century. Brought to St Paul in 1807.",3,,,"Pompeius, Commentarium in Artem Donati; Commentarium in Artem Donati; Sergius, Commentarium in Artem Donati.",Parchment,,,"TM 67638",,"foll. 2 and 1v",,,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with various cursive elements: **a** is mostly open; **Ᵹ** sometimes resembles a flat-topped 3; **ꞇ** often is tall and has a flourish for its top; in the group **aꞇ** or **ꞇaꞇ**: the letters run together at the top; ligatures include **ad**, **us** (with suprascript sickle-shaped **u**). Expert, compressed Insular minuscule with longish descenders saec. VIII is used on fol. 1v to enter a hst of liturgical lections. Probationes pennae saec. VIII and VIII–IX on foll. 1 and 20v in uncial (by an Anglo-Saxon hand), Insular majuscule, and Caroline minuscule; among them on fol. 20v 'oxnalip' (in Anglo-Saxon majuscule saec. VIII) and 'thiotker' (in Caroline minuscule saec. IX).","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 1–20).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/168,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with various cursive elements: a is mostly open; Ᵹ sometimes resembles a flat-topped 3; ꞇ often is tall and has a flourish for its top; in the group aꞇ or ꞇaꞇ: the letters run together at the top; ligatures include ad, us (with suprascript sickle-shaped u). Expert, compressed Insular minuscule with longish descenders saec. VIII is used on fol. 1v to enter a hst of liturgical lections. Probationes pennae saec. VIII and VIII–IX on foll. 1 and 20v in uncial (by an Anglo-Saxon hand), Insular majuscule, and Caroline minuscule; among them on fol. 20v 'oxnalip' (in Anglo-Saxon majuscule saec. VIII) and 'thiotker' (in Caroline minuscule saec. IX).
","Written probably in England to judge by the script and presumably in the North. Belonged later to Murbach; it is very likely that the three commentaries on Donatus contained in this volume were united at an early date; Murbach provenance is recorded ‘quantum recorder olim monasterii Murbacensis . . .' in a note entered on the inside front cover by P. Trudpert Neugart, the last librarian of St Blasien Abbey before its secularization; the fifteenth-century table of contents is apparently in the hand of Abbot Bartholomew of Andlau (1447–1476) who restored the Murbach library. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest in the late eighteenth century. Brought to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 1–20).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/168.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/168.jpg 169,1567,"Anglo-Saxon Cursive Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1452,"Written probably in England to judge by the script. Was at Murbach apparently as early as Carolingian times. For later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168).",3,,,"Commentarius in Artem Donati.",Parchment,,,"TM 67639",,"fol. 32 ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous cursive elements; especially the last lines of chapters and pages are written in rapid cursive full of ligature; **Ᵹ** often resembles a flat-topped 3; **e** in ligature has its lower bow reversed; various other ligatures. A number of entries in Caroline minuscule showing Anglo-Saxon influence, saec. VIII–IX, on fol. 42. The entry ‘thiot’ probably saec. IX, occurs twice on fol. 21 (cf. ‘thotker’ in CLA [10.1451](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168). The manuscript has clearly been folded lengthwise, it was probably carried in a pocket before it was bound.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 21–42).",,,2,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/169,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/169,"Script, by more than one hand, is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous cursive elements; especially the last lines of chapters and pages are written in rapid cursive full of ligature; Ᵹ often resembles a flat-topped 3; e in ligature has its lower bow reversed; various other ligatures. A number of entries in Caroline minuscule showing Anglo-Saxon influence, saec. VIII–IX, on fol. 42. The entry ‘thiot’ probably saec. IX, occurs twice on fol. 21 (cf. ‘thotker’ in CLA 10.1451. The manuscript has clearly been folded lengthwise, it was probably carried in a pocket before it was bound.
","Written probably in England to judge by the script. Was at Murbach apparently as early as Carolingian times. For later history see preceding item.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 21–42).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/169.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/169.jpg 170,1568,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1453,"Written probably in England, presumably in a Northern scriptorium which may also have produced the Pompous (CLA [10.1451](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168)). Probably belonged to Murbach as early as the year 800. For later history see CLA [1451](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168).",3,,,"Sergius, Commentarium in Artem Donati; Maximus Victorinus, De Finalibus Metrorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67640",,"fol. 51v",,,"Script is a pointed Insular, probably Anglo-Saxon, minuscule and has some resemblance to that of the Pompeius text on foll. 1–20 (CLA [10.1451](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/168)): ligatures are numerous; **Ᵹ** in ligature resembles an elongated **S**; **r** is rather short and often resembles a Caroline form. An entry on fol. 68 is in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX of a type familiar in Murbach. Like the preceding part this manuscript was folded lengthwise. The side margins are rather worn.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 43–75).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/170,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/170,"Script is a pointed Insular, probably Anglo-Saxon, minuscule and has some resemblance to that of the Pompeius text on foll. 1–20 (CLA 10.1451): ligatures are numerous; Ᵹ in ligature resembles an elongated S; r is rather short and often resembles a Caroline form. An entry on fol. 68 is in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX of a type familiar in Murbach. Like the preceding part this manuscript was folded lengthwise. The side margins are rather worn.
","Written probably in England, presumably in a Northern scriptorium which may also have produced the Pompous (CLA 10.1451). Probably belonged to Murbach as early as the year 800. For later history see CLA 1451.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 25.2.16 (foll. 43–75).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/170.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/170.jpg 171,1569,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,10,1454,"Written probably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script; it is noteworthy that several other ancient manuscripts were rewritten in that type (see CLA 6, p. xvii). Later at Reichenau: on p. A: 'lib' augie maioris' (saec. XV); there is no ground for believing that it came there from Verona in connection with Bishop Egino. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest under Abbot Martin Gerbert between 1768 and 1781. Brought to St Paul in 1807.",1,,,"Hieronymus, In Ecclesiasten.",Parchment,,,"TM 67641",,"p. 73",,,"Script, by several hands, is cursive minuscule of the Luxeuil type: uncial **A** and **𐌾**are used here and there, **N** frequently; **a** is often suprascript; **i**-longa occurs initially; sickle-shaped **u** occurs suprascript or on the line; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A few corrections saec. IX by a Reichenau hand (p. 3–4). The manuscript has suffered much from the use of reagents.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 14, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: several scribes writing an angular script.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/171,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171,"Script, by several hands, is cursive minuscule of the Luxeuil type: uncial A and 𐌾are used here and there, N frequently; a is often suprascript; i-longa occurs initially; sickle-shaped u occurs suprascript or on the line; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A few corrections saec. IX by a Reichenau hand (p. 3–4). The manuscript has suffered much from the use of reagents.
","Written probably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script; it is noteworthy that several other ancient manuscripts were rewritten in that type (see CLA 6, p. xvii). Later at Reichenau: on p. A: 'lib' augie maioris' (saec. XV); there is no ground for believing that it came there from Verona in connection with Bishop Egino. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest under Abbot Martin Gerbert between 1768 and 1781. Brought to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 14, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: several scribes writing an angular script.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/171.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/171.jpg 172,1570,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1455,"Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. Rewritten with Jerome on Ecclesiastes about the year 700, apparently at Luxeuil. For later history, see CLA [10.1454](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171). The palimpsest was deciphered by Fredegar Mone.",3,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (11–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67642",,"p. 39",,,"Script is a neat, small, expert uncial of an old type: the first stroke of **M** is curved; various ligatures occur at line-end. Contemporary interlinear corrections in smaller uncial; the corrector entered his 'emendaui' in cursive at the end of Libb. 13–14 (cf. p. 93).","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 3, 1 (25.2.36; XXV.a.3) (p. A, 1–79, 88–259) [palimpsest old].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/172,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/172,"Script is a neat, small, expert uncial of an old type: the first stroke of M is curved; various ligatures occur at line-end. Contemporary interlinear corrections in smaller uncial; the corrector entered his 'emendaui' in cursive at the end of Libb. 13–14 (cf. p. 93).
","Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. Rewritten with Jerome on Ecclesiastes about the year 700, apparently at Luxeuil. For later history, see CLA 10.1454. The palimpsest was deciphered by Fredegar Mone.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 3, 1 (25.2.36; XXV.a.3) (p. A, 1–79, 88–259) [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/172.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/172.jpg 173,1571,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1456,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten about the year 700 with Jerome on Ecclesiastes, apparently at Luxeuil. For later history, see CLA [10.1454](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171).",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vetus Latina, Prv 15.9–17.11, passim).",Parchment,,,"TM 67643",,"pp. 264-263",,,"Script is rather large stately uncial of an old type: the bow of **A** ends in a fine point; the first stroke of **M** is a straight line.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 3, 1 (25.2.36; XXV.a.3) (p. 262-265) [palimpsest old].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/173,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/173,"Script is rather large stately uncial of an old type: the bow of A ends in a fine point; the first stroke of M is a straight line.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten about the year 700 with Jerome on Ecclesiastes, apparently at Luxeuil. For later history, see CLA 10.1454.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 3, 1 (25.2.36; XXV.a.3) (p. 262-265) [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/173.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/173.jpg 174,1572,"Uncial and Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1457,"Origin Italy to judge by the scripts: the minuscule portion is a continuation. The manuscript must have migrated early to Reichenau to judge by the corrections; the familiar Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV stands on fol. 9. Acquired by St Blasien in the Black Forest 1768–1781. Came to St Paul in 1807.",3,,,"Canones Conciliorum et Decreta Pontificum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67644",,"fol. XLIV",,,"Script of foll. 1–154 is a carefully formed rather imitative uncial with uprights leaning to the left and strokes often unjoined: the ligature **OR** occurs towards the end of a line; the minuscule script from fol. 154 onwards, of somewhat later date, is early Caroline of Italian type. Corrections by several ninth-century hands, some manifestly of the Reichenau type.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 7, 1 (XXIX Kassette 1; XXV.a.7).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/174,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/174,"Script of foll. 1–154 is a carefully formed rather imitative uncial with uprights leaning to the left and strokes often unjoined: the ligature OR occurs towards the end of a line; the minuscule script from fol. 154 onwards, of somewhat later date, is early Caroline of Italian type. Corrections by several ninth-century hands, some manifestly of the Reichenau type.
","Origin Italy to judge by the scripts: the minuscule portion is a continuation. The manuscript must have migrated early to Reichenau to judge by the corrections; the familiar Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV stands on fol. 9. Acquired by St Blasien in the Black Forest 1768–1781. Came to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 7, 1 (XXIX Kassette 1; XXV.a.7).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/174.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/174.jpg 176,1573,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1458,"Written apparently in Switzerland or South Germany, to judge by the script. Belonged to Reichenau. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest by Abbot Martin Gerbert 1768–1781. Transferred to St Paul in 1807.",2,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum; Ps- Isidorus, De Ortu et Obitu Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67645",,"Image from the opening, foll. 26v-27",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule recalling Swiss types: open **a** is the rule, **a** the exception; both **ꝺ** and **d** are found; **h** occasionally has a curved shaft; the top of **ꞇ** loops to the left, as in Alemannic minuscule; ligatures include **an**, **ro**. A tenth-century hand entered prayers from a litany (fol. 79v).","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 9, 1 (25.1.35; XXV.a.9).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/176,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/176,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule recalling Swiss types: open a is the rule, a the exception; both ꝺ and d are found; h occasionally has a curved shaft; the top of ꞇ loops to the left, as in Alemannic minuscule; ligatures include an, ro. A tenth-century hand entered prayers from a litany (fol. 79v).
","Written apparently in Switzerland or South Germany, to judge by the script. Belonged to Reichenau. Acquired for St Blasien in the Black Forest by Abbot Martin Gerbert 1768–1781. Transferred to St Paul in 1807.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 9, 1 (25.1.35; XXV.a.9).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/176.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/176.jpg 177,1574,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1459,"Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.",3,,,"Liturgica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67646",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **d**, **n**, and **r** are mostly minuscule, **s** both majuscule and minuscule; the **sꞇ** ligature is used.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/177,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/177,"Script is compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: d, n, and r are mostly minuscule, s both majuscule and minuscule; the sꞇ ligature is used.
","Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/177.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/177.jpg 178," ","Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1460,"Written doubtless at Salzburg.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67647",,"foll. 1 and 130",,,"Script, apparently by two hands, is calligraphic early Caroline minuscule of the unmistakable Salzburg type; the first hand recalls Salzburg MS a. IX. 16 (CLA [10.1462](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/180)) and the second hand of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)); the script of foll. 52v–66r, 111–226v, with horizontal hair-lines at the top of **a** and at the base of **p** and **q**, etc., distinctly resembles that of the Salzburg Ambrose fragments (CLA [10.1464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/182)) and of Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA [10.1497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/218)): **a** occurs in three forms; ligatures include **nꞇ** and **or** even in mid-word and **ti** in the Insular form for the soft sound. Corrections by several contemporary and ninth-century hands, among which is a characteristic Salzburg hand, probably that of the scholastics Baldo.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/178,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/178,"Script, apparently by two hands, is calligraphic early Caroline minuscule of the unmistakable Salzburg type; the first hand recalls Salzburg MS a. IX. 16 (CLA 10.1462) and the second hand of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313); the script of foll. 52v–66r, 111–226v, with horizontal hair-lines at the top of a and at the base of p and q, etc., distinctly resembles that of the Salzburg Ambrose fragments (CLA 10.1464) and of Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA 10.1497): a occurs in three forms; ligatures include nꞇ and or even in mid-word and ti in the Insular form for the soft sound. Corrections by several contemporary and ninth-century hands, among which is a characteristic Salzburg hand, probably that of the scholastics Baldo.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/178.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/178.jpg 179,1577,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1461,"Written presumably in South-east Germany. Belonged to the monastery of St Peter at latest since the fifteenth century, since it was then bound like the other Salzburg manuscripts.",2,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67648",,"fol. 19",,,"Script is a neat early minuscule with frequent ligatures, written presumably all by one hand (with the exception of a few lines on foll. 71 and 234) which seems South German: **a** is the rule, open **a** the exception; **c** is occasionally tall and broken; **r** goes below the line; the cedilla of **e** is long and shallow; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Probationes pennae saec. IX and X, some with neumes, entered in grey ink (e.g. fol. 40v). A long note (saec. X) containing a German word is written upside down in the lower margin of fol. 223v.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/179,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/179,"Script is a neat early minuscule with frequent ligatures, written presumably all by one hand (with the exception of a few lines on foll. 71 and 234) which seems South German: a is the rule, open a the exception; c is occasionally tall and broken; r goes below the line; the cedilla of e is long and shallow; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Probationes pennae saec. IX and X, some with neumes, entered in grey ink (e.g. fol. 40v). A long note (saec. X) containing a German word is written upside down in the lower margin of fol. 223v.
","Written presumably in South-east Germany. Belonged to the monastery of St Peter at latest since the fifteenth century, since it was then bound like the other Salzburg manuscripts.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/179.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/179.jpg 180,1578,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",785,798,10,1462,"Written in Salzburg. At the end of his work the scribe wrote in uncial: 'EPISC ARN' CONSTITUIT LIBRV ISTV IN SVIS TEMPORIBUS'. Arno became bishop of Salzburg in 785 and archbishop in 798; thus the manuscript is probably to be dated between 785–798.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Sir, Prv, Ecl, Ct, Sap).",Parchment,,,"TM 67649",,"fol. 37v",,,"Script is a careful early Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely akin to the first hand of MS a. VII. 2 (CLA [10.1460](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/178)), to the second hand of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)), etc.: **a** and **d** have two forms; the **ti** ligature in the Insular form occurs for soft ti. A typical Salzburg hand saec. IX in. entered some excerpts from Clemens Romanus on foll. 173–174v. A few Latin and Teutonic glosses saec. X on foll. 1 f. Many 'Nota' signs and notes saec. XI–XII.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/180,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/180,"Script is a careful early Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely akin to the first hand of MS a. VII. 2 (CLA 10.1460), to the second hand of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313), etc.: a and d have two forms; the ti ligature in the Insular form occurs for soft ti. A typical Salzburg hand saec. IX in. entered some excerpts from Clemens Romanus on foll. 173–174v. A few Latin and Teutonic glosses saec. X on foll. 1 f. Many 'Nota' signs and notes saec. XI–XII.
","Written in Salzburg. At the end of his work the scribe wrote in uncial: 'EPISC ARN' CONSTITUIT LIBRV ISTV IN SVIS TEMPORIBUS'. Arno became bishop of Salzburg in 785 and archbishop in 798; thus the manuscript is probably to be dated between 785–798.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/180.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/180.jpg 181,1579,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1463,"Written presumably at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand, in the time of Arno who was both abbot of St Amand (783–821) and bishop of Salzburg (785–821). For manuscripts in similar script, see CLA [10.1478](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/196), [1479](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/197), [1486](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/205), [1489](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/208) etc. and CLA [6.758](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1166) and [839](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1254), and [9.1237](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1719). The entry in the final colophon (p. 235): 'Andreae Fortunatiani iugi praece quaeso lector memineris’ is doubtless copied from a much earlier exemplar.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ieremiam (1–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67650",,"p. 161",,,"Script, by several hands, is a neat, slender early Caroline minuscule: **a** is the rule, open **a** only here and there; v-shaped **u** occurs in the ending 'orum' at line-end; **y** is short and dotted; **z** is small. Greek letters and words occur in barbarous forms. The Tironian symbol for usque is added here and there in the margin. A pen-and-ink drawing of a bearded man, saec. XII or XIII, stands in the margin of p. 223.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/181,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181,"Script, by several hands, is a neat, slender early Caroline minuscule: a is the rule, open a only here and there; v-shaped u occurs in the ending 'orum' at line-end; y is short and dotted; z is small. Greek letters and words occur in barbarous forms. The Tironian symbol for usque is added here and there in the margin. A pen-and-ink drawing of a bearded man, saec. XII or XIII, stands in the margin of p. 223.
","Written presumably at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand, in the time of Arno who was both abbot of St Amand (783–821) and bishop of Salzburg (785–821). For manuscripts in similar script, see CLA 10.1478, 1479, 1486, 1489 etc. and CLA 6.758 and 839, and 9.1237. The entry in the final colophon (p. 235): 'Andreae Fortunatiani iugi praece quaeso lector memineris’ is doubtless copied from a much earlier exemplar.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/181.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/181.jpg 182,1580,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1464,"Written doubtless at Salzburg. Later used for book-binding purposes: the fragment in the Studienbibliothek formed the binding of a book printed m 1706.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Ambrosius, Hexaemeron (6.4, 9).",Parchment,,,"TM 67651",,"Image from fol. 1 of the Studienbibliothek bifolium",,,"Script is a well formed, bold Caroline minuscule, probably by the same hand as Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA [10.1497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/218)) and similar also to the script of Salzburg a. VII. 2. (CLA [10.1460](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/178)): **a** has three forms, **d** two; both **N** and **n** are used; some descenders have a serif; the **oe** ligature occurs even in mid-word.","☛K. Forstner, 'Schriftfragmente des 8. U. früheren 9. Jahrhunderts in Salzburger Bibliotheken' [Scriptorium 14 (1960) 235–256 at 237–7](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1960_num_14_2_3053).",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/182,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/182,"Script is a well formed, bold Caroline minuscule, probably by the same hand as Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA 10.1497) and similar also to the script of Salzburg a. VII. 2. (CLA 10.1460): a has three forms, d two; both N and n are used; some descenders have a serif; the oe ligature occurs even in mid-word.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg. Later used for book-binding purposes: the fragment in the Studienbibliothek formed the binding of a book printed m 1706.
","☛K. Forstner, 'Schriftfragmente des 8. U. früheren 9. Jahrhunderts in Salzburger Bibliotheken' Scriptorium 14 (1960) 235–256 at 237–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/182.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/182.jpg 183,1581,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1465,"Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge by the script. The fragment was formerly used for book-binding.",1,47.8095,13.055,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (9.2.81–97; 3.63–4.18, 7.6.46–66).",Parchment,,,"TM 67652",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script, by two hands, is an early calligraphic minuscule of the Salzburg type, closely akin to the script of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)): **a** normally has the Caroline form of the letter, but open **a** also occurs; ascenders are club or wedge-shaped; noteworthy is the **or** ligature with the sweeping end-stroke characteristic of this type.","☛Formerly Salzburg, Stiftsarchiv St Peter Fragm. 1.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/183,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/183,"Script, by two hands, is an early calligraphic minuscule of the Salzburg type, closely akin to the script of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247): a normally has the Caroline form of the letter, but open a also occurs; ascenders are club or wedge-shaped; noteworthy is the or ligature with the sweeping end-stroke characteristic of this type.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge by the script. The fragment was formerly used for book-binding.
","☛Formerly Salzburg, Stiftsarchiv St Peter Fragm. 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/183.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/183.jpg 184,1582,"Mixed Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1466,"Written on the Continent by a scribe still manifestly under Anglo-Saxon influence. The fragment served as jacket to a printed book of 1556 which belonged to Christoph Besold, professor of law in Tübingen and Ingolstadt (†1638).",3,,,"Cassiodorus, Expositio in Psalmos (Ps 73.5–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67653",,"verso is shown",,,"Script, apart from that of the lemmata, is Caroline minuscule; Anglo-Saxon influence is betrayed by the forms of **a** and the **co** ligature and by the general appearance.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/184,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/184,"Script, apart from that of the lemmata, is Caroline minuscule; Anglo-Saxon influence is betrayed by the forms of a and the co ligature and by the general appearance.
","Written on the Continent by a scribe still manifestly under Anglo-Saxon influence. The fragment served as jacket to a printed book of 1556 which belonged to Christoph Besold, professor of law in Tübingen and Ingolstadt (†1638).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/184.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/184.jpg 185,1583,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,10,1467,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy to judge by the script. Later history unknown. The fragment was used for book-binding.",3,,,"Leo Magnus, Sermones (45.1).",Parchment,,,TM67654,,"recto is shown",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** is shallow and does not always reach the base-line; **N** has the second upright somewhat comma-shaped, as often in Italian uncial; **FF** and **LL** run together.","☛Formerly Salzburg, Studienbibliothek V.4.D.111.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/185,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/185,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of A is shallow and does not always reach the base-line; N has the second upright somewhat comma-shaped, as often in Italian uncial; FF and LL run together.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy to judge by the script. Later history unknown. The fragment was used for book-binding.
","☛Formerly Salzburg, Studienbibliothek V.4.D.111.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/185.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/185.jpg 186,1584,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1468,"Written no doubt at Salzburg, to judge from the script. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where it bore the number 108.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67655",,"fol. 30",,,"Script, by several hands, is an early Caroline minuscule characteristic of Salzburg: the main hand of foll. 1–65, which often uses the Insular **ti** ligature for soft ti, recalls Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)), etc., while the much more stately main hand of foll. 66 ff. is closely akin to the script of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)). Some ninth-century corrections.","☛Formerly Salzburg, Studienbibliothek V.1.B.18.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/186,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/186,"Script, by several hands, is an early Caroline minuscule characteristic of Salzburg: the main hand of foll. 1–65, which often uses the Insular ti ligature for soft ti, recalls Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313), etc., while the much more stately main hand of foll. 66 ff. is closely akin to the script of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247). Some ninth-century corrections.
","Written no doubt at Salzburg, to judge from the script. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where it bore the number 108.
","☛Formerly Salzburg, Studienbibliothek V.1.B.18.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/186.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/186.jpg 187,1585,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1469,"Written in an important centre doubtless closely connected with Charlemagne's court. It is this book on which the German Kings and Emperors took their oath when crowned. The sumptuous silver binding was made by the goldsmith Hans von Reutlingen on the order of Maximilian I. The book was kept in Aachen till 1798 when it was removed to Paderborn and then in 1801 to Vienna where, except for an interlude in Nuremberg (1938–45), it has since remained, in company with other imperial coronation symbols.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Charlemagne Gospels. Vienna Coronation Gospels.",,"TM 67656",,"foll. 2 and 77",,,"Script is an artificial uncial; prefatory matter is in delicate Rustic capitals, with the last letters of a line occasionally in uncial. Probationes pennae, including 'Paternoster' and 'in nomine dni (dī summi)', are in uncial in gold and silver (fol. 235). The entry 'DEMETRIUS PRB' in Rustic capitals in gold on fol. 118 seems ca. saec. X.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/187,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/187,"Script is an artificial uncial; prefatory matter is in delicate Rustic capitals, with the last letters of a line occasionally in uncial. Probationes pennae, including 'Paternoster' and 'in nomine dni (dī summi)', are in uncial in gold and silver (fol. 235). The entry 'DEMETRIUS PRB' in Rustic capitals in gold on fol. 118 seems ca. saec. X.
","Written in an important centre doubtless closely connected with Charlemagne's court. It is this book on which the German Kings and Emperors took their oath when crowned. The sumptuous silver binding was made by the goldsmith Hans von Reutlingen on the order of Maximilian I. The book was kept in Aachen till 1798 when it was removed to Paderborn and then in 1801 to Vienna where, except for an interlude in Nuremberg (1938–45), it has since remained, in company with other imperial coronation symbols.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/187.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/187.jpg 188,1586,Uncial,V¹,401,450,10,1470,"Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script, and probably in the south. Our strips and those of the Ulpian manuscript, described in the [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/189), were used to protect the quire folds of the sixth-century Vienna Hilary on papyrus, a South Italian product (see CLA [10.1507](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/230) where the later history will be found). Came into the Hofbibliothek in 1799.",3,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (33.50–34.29).",Parchment,,,"TM 67657",,"foll. III (Colophon and Incipit) and VI",,,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed, sometimes ending in a hair-line; the hasta of **E** is high; the tail of **𐌾** is rather long; the first stroke of **M** is almost a straight line; the upper bow of **B** and those of **P** and **R** are small; ligatures of **A𐌾**, **US** occur at line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/188,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/188,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed, sometimes ending in a hair-line; the hasta of E is high; the tail of 𐌾 is rather long; the first stroke of M is almost a straight line; the upper bow of B and those of P and R are small; ligatures of A𐌾, US occur at line-end.
","Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script, and probably in the south. Our strips and those of the Ulpian manuscript, described in the next item, were used to protect the quire folds of the sixth-century Vienna Hilary on papyrus, a South Italian product (see CLA 10.1507 where the later history will be found). Came into the Hofbibliothek in 1799.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/188.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/188.jpg 189,1587,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1471,"Written, unlike most of our legal fragments, in the western part of the Roman Empire. Our strips, with those of a Pliny manuscript described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/188), were used to protect the quire folds in the sixth-century Vienna Hilary on papyrus MS Lat. 2160* (see CLA [10.1507](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/230) where the later history will be found).",3,,,"Ulpianus, Institutiones (2, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 62944",,"fol. 2v and fol. 1v",,,"Script is an expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the eye of **E** is open and its hasta is high. Corrections in small uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/189,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/189,"Script is an expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; the eye of E is open and its hasta is high. Corrections in small uncial.
","Written, unlike most of our legal fragments, in the western part of the Roman Empire. Our strips, with those of a Pliny manuscript described in the preceding item, were used to protect the quire folds in the sixth-century Vienna Hilary on papyrus MS Lat. 2160* (see CLA 10.1507 where the later history will be found).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/189.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/189.jpg 190,1588,Uncial,V¹,401,450,10,1472,"Written presumably in Italy to judge by the script. In the late eighth century the volume was in the possession of 'Theatbertus (or Theutbertus) episcopus de Dorostat' perhaps to be identified with Bishop Thiaterd of Utrecht (ca. 784), according to an entry on the last page (fol. 193v). Later at Lorsch where it was found by Simon Grynaeus in 1527. First published in 1531 at Basel. Came into the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665 as no. 287 of the Ambras collection.",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (41–45).",Parchment,,,"TM 67658",,"fol. 80",,,"Script is comely, expert uncial of the oldest type, by more than one hand: the bow of **A** is pointed; the eye of **E** is open and the hasta is high; the bow of **𐌾** is ample and the tail varies in form; the first stroke of **M** is often upright; the bow of **P** is small; ligatures, as a rule at line-ends only include **AE**, **NS**, **NT**, **OR**, **OS**, **UNT**, **UR**, **US**. Traces of the same word, perhaps a corrector's ‘recognovi', occur below the quire-mark on foll. 106v, 138v, 173v (!), 181v, 187v. Latin words in Anglo-Saxon minuscule entered with a dry point are seen in the margins of foll. 20 and 24v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/190,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/190,"Script is comely, expert uncial of the oldest type, by more than one hand: the bow of A is pointed; the eye of E is open and the hasta is high; the bow of 𐌾 is ample and the tail varies in form; the first stroke of M is often upright; the bow of P is small; ligatures, as a rule at line-ends only include AE, NS, NT, OR, OS, UNT, UR, US. Traces of the same word, perhaps a corrector's ‘recognovi', occur below the quire-mark on foll. 106v, 138v, 173v (!), 181v, 187v. Latin words in Anglo-Saxon minuscule entered with a dry point are seen in the margins of foll. 20 and 24v.
","Written presumably in Italy to judge by the script. In the late eighth century the volume was in the possession of 'Theatbertus (or Theutbertus) episcopus de Dorostat' perhaps to be identified with Bishop Thiaterd of Utrecht (ca. 784), according to an entry on the last page (fol. 193v). Later at Lorsch where it was found by Simon Grynaeus in 1527. First published in 1531 at Basel. Came into the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665 as no. 287 of the Ambras collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/190.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/190.jpg 191,1589,Uncial,VIII,701,800,10,1473,"Origin uncertain, but manifestly identical with that of the palimpsest sister manuscript Paris Bibl. Nat. Lat. 18248 (CLA [5.673](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1058)) which presumably was at Mont-Saint-Quentin near Noyon in the thirteenth century. Our manuscript was apparently in the hands of a Swiss or Alsatian scholar by the sixteenth century: there is thus some justification for deciphering the monogram 'V. Z.' (saec. XVI) on fol. A as Ulricus Zasius, lawyer at Constance and Freiburg-im-Breisgau (†1535), or as Johannes Ulricus Zasius (†1570), professor of law at Basel and later councillor of the Emperors Ferdinand I and Maximilian II. Came into the Palatine Library from the private collection of the Emperor Leopold I, presumably in 1666.",0,,,"Cosmographia; Itinerarium Provinciarum Antonini Augusti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67659",,"foll. 7 and 60",,,"Script is uncial of a late type, with a striking similarity to that of the Itinerarium Antonini in Paris Lat. 18248 (CLA [5.673](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1058)): the bow of **A** rests on a short oblique stroke-this curious feature is also encountered in the display uncial on fol. 72 of Vienna 1224, the Cutbercht Gospel (CLA [10.1500](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/222)); **𐌾** has a long straight tail; **LL** run together; the left bow of **M** is closed and smaller than the right; the third stroke of **N** is a long comma; the bow of **R** is rather broad. A somewhat later hand writes the restoration on fol. 60. Corrections by various eighth- and ninth-century hands in uncial and minuscule, some distinctly French (e.g. foll. 33, 38). Notae Tironianae ('hic' and 'require') occur here and there. The early interlinear entries suggest marked interest in Italy. A few notes saec. XV and XVI include German equivalents of the Latin names of some Swiss and Alsatian towns.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/191,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/191,"Script is uncial of a late type, with a striking similarity to that of the Itinerarium Antonini in Paris Lat. 18248 (CLA 5.673): the bow of A rests on a short oblique stroke-this curious feature is also encountered in the display uncial on fol. 72 of Vienna 1224, the Cutbercht Gospel (CLA 10.1500); 𐌾 has a long straight tail; LL run together; the left bow of M is closed and smaller than the right; the third stroke of N is a long comma; the bow of R is rather broad. A somewhat later hand writes the restoration on fol. 60. Corrections by various eighth- and ninth-century hands in uncial and minuscule, some distinctly French (e.g. foll. 33, 38). Notae Tironianae ('hic' and 'require') occur here and there. The early interlinear entries suggest marked interest in Italy. A few notes saec. XV and XVI include German equivalents of the Latin names of some Swiss and Alsatian towns.
","Origin uncertain, but manifestly identical with that of the palimpsest sister manuscript Paris Bibl. Nat. Lat. 18248 (CLA 5.673) which presumably was at Mont-Saint-Quentin near Noyon in the thirteenth century. Our manuscript was apparently in the hands of a Swiss or Alsatian scholar by the sixteenth century: there is thus some justification for deciphering the monogram 'V. Z.' (saec. XVI) on fol. A as Ulricus Zasius, lawyer at Constance and Freiburg-im-Breisgau (†1535), or as Johannes Ulricus Zasius (†1570), professor of law at Basel and later councillor of the Emperors Ferdinand I and Maximilian II. Came into the Palatine Library from the private collection of the Emperor Leopold I, presumably in 1666.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/191.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/191.jpg 192,1590,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1474,"Origin uncertain: France is probable, West Germany possible. Paris, Bibl. Nat. MS Lat. 8071, saec. IX, of indubitable French origin, seems to be a copy of our manuscript. Found between 1501–1503 by Actius Syncerus Sannazarius presumably in some French library.",0,,,"Carmen Eucheriae; Ovidius, Halieutica; Grattius, Cynegetica; Martialis, Epigrammata (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67660",,"foll. 58v and 72v",,,"Script of foll. 55–70v is an undistinguished minuscule with a number of cursive elements and some suggestion of Insular connection: open **a** and **a** are used; **r** has either the Caroline form, but with the shaft going considerably below the line, or the Insular form; **u** occurs suprascript and cup-shaped; ligatures include **ae**, **rp**, **sp**, **ti** (for hard **ti**), **tri**, **tro**; foll. 71–73v are written in a tiny early minuscule with open **a** more frequent then **a**: the last letter of a line is often prolonged; the **st** ligature forms a wide arch; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/192,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/192,"Script of foll. 55–70v is an undistinguished minuscule with a number of cursive elements and some suggestion of Insular connection: open a and a are used; r has either the Caroline form, but with the shaft going considerably below the line, or the Insular form; u occurs suprascript and cup-shaped; ligatures include ae, rp, sp, ti (for hard ti), tri, tro; foll. 71–73v are written in a tiny early minuscule with open a more frequent then a: the last letter of a line is often prolonged; the st ligature forms a wide arch; ti ligature is used for hard ti.
","Origin uncertain: France is probable, West Germany possible. Paris, Bibl. Nat. MS Lat. 8071, saec. IX, of indubitable French origin, seems to be a copy of our manuscript. Found between 1501–1503 by Actius Syncerus Sannazarius presumably in some French library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/192.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/192.jpg 193,1591,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1475,"Written no doubt at Salzburg. The fragments were formerly fly-leaves in MS 29 of the Salzburg cathedral library (now Vienna MS 709), a twelfth-century copy of St Jerome's letters.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Maximus Victorinus, De Ratione Metrorum (fragm.); Metrorius, De Finalibus Syllabis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67661",,"fol. 2",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed, graceful minuscule closely akin to that of Munich CLM 5508 and 16128 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732), [1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)), Vienna Lat. 366 (CLA [10.1476](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/194)) and others; Insular influence appears in the peculiar form of the **ti** ligature; both the Caroline **a** and the open **a** are used.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/193,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/193,"Script is a somewhat compressed, graceful minuscule closely akin to that of Munich CLM 5508 and 16128 (CLA 9.1247, 1313), Vienna Lat. 366 (CLA 10.1476) and others; Insular influence appears in the peculiar form of the ti ligature; both the Caroline a and the open a are used.
","Written no doubt at Salzburg. The fragments were formerly fly-leaves in MS 29 of the Salzburg cathedral library (now Vienna MS 709), a twelfth-century copy of St Jerome's letters.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/193.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/193.jpg 194,1592,Minuscule,"VIII ex",776,800,10,1476,"Written at Salzburg to judge by the script; copied presumably from an Irish exemplar. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67662",,"fol. 135v",,,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of a type seen in Salzburg manuscripts, such as Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)), Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA [10.1497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/218)), etc.: both Caroline **a** and open **a** are used; uncial **ꝺ** occurs frequently; ligatures include **ti** in the Insular form. Minor corrections here and there by a tenth-century hand.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 10.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/194,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/194,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of a type seen in Salzburg manuscripts, such as Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247), Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA 10.1497), etc.: both Caroline a and open a are used; uncial ꝺ occurs frequently; ligatures include ti in the Insular form. Minor corrections here and there by a tenth-century hand.
","Written at Salzburg to judge by the script; copied presumably from an Irish exemplar. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/194.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/194.jpg 195,1593,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1477,"Written presumably in East France near the Rhineland, to judge by the script. This manuscript of canons is textually allied to that written in 788 for Bishop Rachio of Strasbourg and lost by fire in 1870 (CLA [6.835](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1250)). Bound in 1527 at the expense of lohannes Marquardus (cf. fol. 1). It bore the number 281 in the Ambras collection which was incorporated in the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665.",2,,,"Collectio Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67663",,"fol. 136v",,,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of a type recalling early Metz and Weissenburg manuscripts: **a** has several forms; **N** occurs here and there. The 'Epistulae formatae' on foll. 312v–313v were manifestly added a little later. The contents of the manuscript are indicated in fifteenth and sixteenth-century hands on fol. 1.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/195,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/195,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of a type recalling early Metz and Weissenburg manuscripts: a has several forms; N occurs here and there. The 'Epistulae formatae' on foll. 312v–313v were manifestly added a little later. The contents of the manuscript are indicated in fifteenth and sixteenth-century hands on fol. 1.
","Written presumably in East France near the Rhineland, to judge by the script. This manuscript of canons is textually allied to that written in 788 for Bishop Rachio of Strasbourg and lost by fire in 1870 (CLA 6.835). Bound in 1527 at the expense of lohannes Marquardus (cf. fol. 1). It bore the number 281 in the Ambras collection which was incorporated in the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/195.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/195.jpg 196,1594,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1478,"Written at Salzburg, in part possibly by scribes from St Amand, in the time of Bishop Arno (785–821). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Canones Conciliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67664",,"fol. 4v (showing the St. Amand type)",,,"Script, by numerous scribes in part writing their respective quires simultaneously, is Caroline minuscule of the St Amand and Salzburg type (cf. CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): majuscule **N** is used frequently; typical is the v-shaped **u** with stroke above for **um** after the **or** ligature. Half-uncial of a distinct type reminiscent of Tours is used for some first lines and addresses: noteworthy is the horizontal serif on descenders; half-uncial **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of some sentences.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/196,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/196,"Script, by numerous scribes in part writing their respective quires simultaneously, is Caroline minuscule of the St Amand and Salzburg type (cf. CLA 10.1463): majuscule N is used frequently; typical is the v-shaped u with stroke above for um after the or ligature. Half-uncial of a distinct type reminiscent of Tours is used for some first lines and addresses: noteworthy is the horizontal serif on descenders; half-uncial Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of some sentences.
","Written at Salzburg, in part possibly by scribes from St Amand, in the time of Bishop Arno (785–821). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/196.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/196.jpg 197,1595,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1479,"Written at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library and was removed to Vienna in 1806.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Vitae et Passiones Sanctorum Anni ( Ian.–Dec.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67665",,"fol. 9 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is calligraphic Caroline minuscule of the St Amand type practised at Salzburg (cf. CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): **a** has the Caroline form as a rule but with the bow often open at the top; v-shaped **u** in the group **orv**; the few ligatures include **iꞇ** (like **nꞇ**). Half-uncial **Ᵹ** occurs here and there at the beginning of a sentence. The Nota Tironiana 'Amen' on fol. 166v. ","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 121–2 no. 79.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/197,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/197,"Script, by several hands, is calligraphic Caroline minuscule of the St Amand type practised at Salzburg (cf. CLA 10.1463): a has the Caroline form as a rule but with the bow often open at the top; v-shaped u in the group orv; the few ligatures include iꞇ (like nꞇ). Half-uncial Ᵹ occurs here and there at the beginning of a sentence. The Nota Tironiana 'Amen' on fol. 166v.
","Written at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library and was removed to Vienna in 1806.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 121–2 no. 79.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/197.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/197.jpg 198,1596,"Alemannic and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1480,"Written presumably at Reichenau and certainly in the Lake Constance region, to judge by the script. The familiar ex-libris 'liber augie maioris' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1. Given by the historian Christian Urstisius (†1588) to Gotfrid von Ramingen in 1584 (cf. fol. 1). It bore the number 252 in the Ambras collection, which was incorporated in the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665.",2,,,"Fredegarius, Chronica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67666",,"fol. 15 and fol. 85",,,"Script, by several hands, is partly minuscule of the broad, roundish Alemannic type, partly early Caroline minuscule with both open **a** and **a**, **d** and occasionally **ꝺ**; **z** is unusually broad; the **nꞇ** ligature (even in mid-word) is frequent in one hand, also **ri**; **ti** ligature occurs for soft ti.",,,1,4,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/198,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/198,"Script, by several hands, is partly minuscule of the broad, roundish Alemannic type, partly early Caroline minuscule with both open a and a, d and occasionally ꝺ; z is unusually broad; the nꞇ ligature (even in mid-word) is frequent in one hand, also ri; ti ligature occurs for soft ti.
","Written presumably at Reichenau and certainly in the Lake Constance region, to judge by the script. The familiar ex-libris 'liber augie maioris' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1. Given by the historian Christian Urstisius (†1588) to Gotfrid von Ramingen in 1584 (cf. fol. 1). It bore the number 252 in the Ambras collection, which was incorporated in the Vienna Palatine Library in 1665.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/198.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/198.jpg 200,1598,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,10,1481,"Written presumably in France, possibly in North Italy, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Io 19.27–20.11).",Parchment,"Fragmentum Vindobonense. (v)",,"TM 67667",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is bold but rather irregular uncial: the bow of **A** ends in a prolonged hair-line—a feature of Vienna Lat. 181 (CLA [10.1473](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/191))); the lower bow of **B** is markedly protruding; the second upright of **N** is comma-shaped; many down-strokes and descenders are distinctly spike-shaped.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 41.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/200,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/200,"Script is bold but rather irregular uncial: the bow of A ends in a prolonged hair-line—a feature of Vienna Lat. 181 (CLA 10.1473)); the lower bow of B is markedly protruding; the second upright of N is comma-shaped; many down-strokes and descenders are distinctly spike-shaped.
","Written presumably in France, possibly in North Italy, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 41.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/200.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/200.jpg 201,1599,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,794,803,10,1482,"Written presumably in the Alemannic area in the same centre which also produced the Homily described in the next item and the slightly later manuscripts Karlsruhe Aug. CXCI and Munich CLM 6330, as is suggested by the script and confirmed by the curious misuse of the abbreviation **p** for post (and pus), which they have in common; certainly not written at Lorsch, from where only an older portion of this series of annals is derived. A copy of our manuscript while it was still intact, made by Reginbert about 835 at Reichenau, is now St Paul in Carinthia MS 8₁ (25. a. 8).",2,,,"Annales 794–803 ('Annales Laureshamenses').",Parchment,,,"TM 67668",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a South-west German type, by two scribes who wrote the entries year by year, now more compressed, now more spread out; the first scribe wrote the entries for 794, part of 795, and 796–797, the second wrote those for part of 795 and 798–803: open **a** prevails in the first hand; only closed **a** in the second; the first hand may have written the homily contained on foll. 6–8 (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/202)). A poem on Christ and the Samaritan woman in German vernacular is begun on fol. 5 and continued on fol. 4v by two tenth-century hands. Another tenth-century hand entered responsoria on fol. 5v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/201,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/201,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a South-west German type, by two scribes who wrote the entries year by year, now more compressed, now more spread out; the first scribe wrote the entries for 794, part of 795, and 796–797, the second wrote those for part of 795 and 798–803: open a prevails in the first hand; only closed a in the second; the first hand may have written the homily contained on foll. 6–8 (see next item). A poem on Christ and the Samaritan woman in German vernacular is begun on fol. 5 and continued on fol. 4v by two tenth-century hands. Another tenth-century hand entered responsoria on fol. 5v.
","Written presumably in the Alemannic area in the same centre which also produced the Homily described in the next item and the slightly later manuscripts Karlsruhe Aug. CXCI and Munich CLM 6330, as is suggested by the script and confirmed by the curious misuse of the abbreviation p for post (and pus), which they have in common; certainly not written at Lorsch, from where only an older portion of this series of annals is derived. A copy of our manuscript while it was still intact, made by Reginbert about 835 at Reichenau, is now St Paul in Carinthia MS 8₁ (25. a. 8).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/201.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/201.jpg 202,1600,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1483,"Written presumably in the Alemannic area in the same scriptorium which produced the 'Annales Laureshamenses' and other manuscripts mentioned in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/201).",2,,,Homilia.,Parchment,,,"TM 67669",,"fol. 6v",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule closely akin to, if not identical with, the first hand of the Annals on foll. 1 ff. seen in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/201): **a** has mostly the open form; the **nꞇ** ligature is frequent and occurs in mid-word. Some twelfth-century probationes pennae in the margins.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/202,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/202,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule closely akin to, if not identical with, the first hand of the Annals on foll. 1 ff. seen in the preceding item: a has mostly the open form; the nꞇ ligature is frequent and occurs in mid-word. Some twelfth-century probationes pennae in the margins.
","Written presumably in the Alemannic area in the same scriptorium which produced the 'Annales Laureshamenses' and other manuscripts mentioned in the preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/202.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/202.jpg 203,1601,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,10,1484,"Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Later history unknown, unless it may be concluded from the texts with which the manuscript is now bound that it too belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Neuweiler in Alsatia. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library about 1600.",2,,,"Patristica Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67670",,"entirety of fol. 140v",,,"Script is rather crude, ungainly uncial of a late type: the second upright of **N** resembles a longish comma; the bow of **q** is open and has the form of **C**. In the 'Benediccio salis ad pecura' entered in somewhat later uncial on the blank verso of fol. 172 the Visigothic-looking abbreviations NSA and NOSA are used for nostra and **M** is omitted even in mid-line. The alphabetical probatio pennae 'adnixi' in half-uncial saec. VIII stands on fol. 166v; on fol. 170v is an entry in minuscule saec. VIII–IX.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/203,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/203,"Script is rather crude, ungainly uncial of a late type: the second upright of N resembles a longish comma; the bow of q is open and has the form of C. In the 'Benediccio salis ad pecura' entered in somewhat later uncial on the blank verso of fol. 172 the Visigothic-looking abbreviations NSA and NOSA are used for nostra and M is omitted even in mid-line. The alphabetical probatio pennae 'adnixi' in half-uncial saec. VIII stands on fol. 166v; on fol. 170v is an entry in minuscule saec. VIII–IX.
","Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Later history unknown, unless it may be concluded from the texts with which the manuscript is now bound that it too belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Neuweiler in Alsatia. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library about 1600.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/203.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/203.jpg 204,1602,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1485,"Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century with various texts from the Fathers, presumably in North Italy. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library around 1600.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 26.56–61, 71–74, 27.19–21, 24–27, 40–44, 50–53, 27.64–28.2); Thomas Israelites, Evangelium Pueritiae; Evangelium Nicodemi (1–6, 9–10, 13–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67671",,"entirety of fol. 132 shown",,,"Script is a stately, calligraphic uncial of the old type: the tail of **G** is thin.","☛M. Despineux, 'Une version latine palimpseste du Ve siècle de l'Évangile de Nicodème (Vienne, ÖNB MS 563)' [Scriptorium 42 (1988) 176–183](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1988_num_42_2_2022).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/204,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/204,"Script is a stately, calligraphic uncial of the old type: the tail of G is thin.
","Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century with various texts from the Fathers, presumably in North Italy. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library around 1600.
","☛M. Despineux, 'Une version latine palimpseste du Ve siècle de l'Évangile de Nicodème (Vienne, ÖNB MS 563)' Scriptorium 42 (1988) 176–183.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/204.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/204.jpg 205,1604,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1486,"Written at St Amand, or at Salzburg by scribes brought over from St Amand by Bishop (later Archbishop) Arno (785–821), a prelate of both places. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '114' is still seen on the front cover.",1,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67672",,"fol. 8v",,,"Script is an elegant Caroline minuscule of the characteristic St Amand-Salzburg type (cf. CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): **a** is the usual, open **a** the occasional, form; v-shaped **u** is seen in the ending, **orv** at line-end. Half-uncial is used for some running titles, occasionally for 'amen', and on fol. 201 for the second line of a heading; half-uncial **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of sentences. Corrections by contemporary, ninth-, and eleventh-century hands. Numerous marginalia by a characteristic ninth-century scribe, probably Baldo of Salzburg .",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/205,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/205,"Script is an elegant Caroline minuscule of the characteristic St Amand-Salzburg type (cf. CLA 10.1463): a is the usual, open a the occasional, form; v-shaped u is seen in the ending, orv at line-end. Half-uncial is used for some running titles, occasionally for 'amen', and on fol. 201 for the second line of a heading; half-uncial Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of sentences. Corrections by contemporary, ninth-, and eleventh-century hands. Numerous marginalia by a characteristic ninth-century scribe, probably Baldo of Salzburg .
","Written at St Amand, or at Salzburg by scribes brought over from St Amand by Bishop (later Archbishop) Arno (785–821), a prelate of both places. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '114' is still seen on the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/205.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/205.jpg 206,1605,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1487,"Written in a South-east German centre, possibly at Mondsee, where the manuscript was preserved until the dissolution of the monastery.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Th, Phlm); Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67673",,"fol. 132",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad roundish and comely early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, recalling Vienna MS Lat. Ser. n. 2066 (CLA [10.**1318](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/147)) from Mondsee: open **a** is more common than **a**; the two horizontals of **z** are semicircular, with the first open at the top and the second at the bottom, a form frequently seen in German manuscripts; ligatures include **nꞇ** even in mid-word and **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/206,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/206,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad roundish and comely early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, recalling Vienna MS Lat. Ser. n. 2066 (CLA 10.**1318) from Mondsee: open a is more common than a; the two horizontals of z are semicircular, with the first open at the top and the second at the bottom, a form frequently seen in German manuscripts; ligatures include nꞇ even in mid-word and ti ligature for hard and soft ti.
","Written in a South-east German centre, possibly at Mondsee, where the manuscript was preserved until the dissolution of the monastery.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/206.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/206.jpg 207,1606,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (ante 800)",776,799,10,1488,"Written presumably in West or South-west Germany, to judge by the script, which is neither French nor South-east German and lacks Insular influence. The verses written by the scribe Uuinidharius in praise of King Charlemagne as restorer of letters, if not copied, provide a terminus ante quem, namely 800. As the script shows, the Uuinidharius of our manuscript is not to be identified with his famous namesake at St Gall. Later history unknown. The manuscript became the property of the Imperial library while Hugo Blotius (1575–1608) was its custodian.",2,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum ad Romanos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67674",,"fol. 10 ",,,"Script, by several scribes, is an early Caroline minuscule still showing some irregularities, but in part surprisingly advanced: **a** is more frequent than open **a**; **N** occurs often in the minuscule; **z** has various forms; ligatures include **nꞇ** even in mid-word and **ti** ligature for hard ti.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/207,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/207,"Script, by several scribes, is an early Caroline minuscule still showing some irregularities, but in part surprisingly advanced: a is more frequent than open a; N occurs often in the minuscule; z has various forms; ligatures include nꞇ even in mid-word and ti ligature for hard ti.
","Written presumably in West or South-west Germany, to judge by the script, which is neither French nor South-east German and lacks Insular influence. The verses written by the scribe Uuinidharius in praise of King Charlemagne as restorer of letters, if not copied, provide a terminus ante quem, namely 800. As the script shows, the Uuinidharius of our manuscript is not to be identified with his famous namesake at St Gall. Later history unknown. The manuscript became the property of the Imperial library while Hugo Blotius (1575–1608) was its custodian.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/207.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/207.jpg 208,1607,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1489,"Written presumably at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library as number 123.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Ambrosius, In Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 67675",,"fol. 39 ",,,"Script, by several scribes who apparently worked on their respective quires simultaneously, is elegant Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type (cf. CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): v-shaped **u** occurs at line-end in the ending **orv**; ligatures include **iꞇ** (analogous to **nꞇ**), **NT**, **nꞇ** (rarely in mid-word), **UR**, **US**. Mixed artificial half-uncial is used for the first line of Lib 2; half-uncial **a** occasionally occurs in the minuscule.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/208,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/208,"Script, by several scribes who apparently worked on their respective quires simultaneously, is elegant Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type (cf. CLA 10.1463): v-shaped u occurs at line-end in the ending orv; ligatures include iꞇ (analogous to nꞇ), NT, nꞇ (rarely in mid-word), UR, US. Mixed artificial half-uncial is used for the first line of Lib 2; half-uncial a occasionally occurs in the minuscule.
","Written presumably at Salzburg, possibly by scribes from St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library as number 123.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/208.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/208.jpg 209,1608,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII–IX (c. 799)",775,800,10,1490,"Written by Salzburg scribes for Archbishop Arno (785–821). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library. Removed to Vienna in 1806.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Alcuinus, Epistulae; Ps- Augustinus, Quaestiones in Vetus et Novum Testamentum (In Lucam et Matthaeum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67676",,"foll. 172 and 179",,,"Script is Caroline minuscule by numerous hands, some not very expert, some of the distinct St Amand-Salzburg type, elegant and calligraphic (cf. CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): **a** and open **a** are used; ligatures include **do** (once on fol. 12), **NT** and occasionally **nꞇ**. A familiar ninth-century Salzburg hand, probably Baldo's, made numerous corrections and extensive additions including the Gothic entries on fol. 20v. Notae Tironianae were added here and there in the margin.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/209,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/209,"Script is Caroline minuscule by numerous hands, some not very expert, some of the distinct St Amand-Salzburg type, elegant and calligraphic (cf. CLA 10.1463): a and open a are used; ligatures include do (once on fol. 12), NT and occasionally nꞇ. A familiar ninth-century Salzburg hand, probably Baldo's, made numerous corrections and extensive additions including the Gothic entries on fol. 20v. Notae Tironianae were added here and there in the margin.
","Written by Salzburg scribes for Archbishop Arno (785–821). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library. Removed to Vienna in 1806.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/209.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/209.jpg 210,1609,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,10,1491,"Origin uncertain, probably a great centre in North Italy like Ravenna, to judge from the decoration and from the provenance, if one may assume that the Greek canon tables were already attached to our manuscript when the aphorisms in Latin cursive were entered. Ravenna has in its special favour, besides its ornamental connection, the bi-lingual character which our manuscript manifestly presupposes. The assumption that the manuscript came to North Italy and specifically to Bobbio from Vivarium has no foundation in fact. Towards the end of the sixteenth century the manuscript was in the library of Ambras Castle, whence it came to the Imperial library in 1665.",2,,,"Rufinus, De Benedictionibus Patriarcharum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67677",,"foll. 12, 43v, and 1v",,,"Script is uncial of an ancient type and a superb calligraphic performance by a scribe who is even more expert in Greek than Latin (see fol. 12): the bows of **P**, **q**, and **R** are rather small. Fol. 63 was already retraced early in the eighth century. Some interlinear transcriptions and marginal notes by late fifteenth and sixteenth-century hands. Foll. 1v, 5v, and 6v of the Greek part contain aphorisms in eighth-century Latin cursive whose distinctive features are the form of **ꞇ**, v-shaped final **ꞅ**, and the ligature **cc**; the spelling shows frequent confusion of **e** and **i**, also **ci** for **ti**. The script has features in common both with the well-known cursive from North Italy, including Bobbio, and with the familiar Merovingian types, but possesses a character of its own; on the whole it seems more Italian than French, despite the spelling **ci** for **ti** (such spelling is occasionally found in North Italian cursive; cf. CLA 9, final facsimile).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/210,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/210,"Script is uncial of an ancient type and a superb calligraphic performance by a scribe who is even more expert in Greek than Latin (see fol. 12): the bows of P, q, and R are rather small. Fol. 63 was already retraced early in the eighth century. Some interlinear transcriptions and marginal notes by late fifteenth and sixteenth-century hands. Foll. 1v, 5v, and 6v of the Greek part contain aphorisms in eighth-century Latin cursive whose distinctive features are the form of ꞇ, v-shaped final ꞅ, and the ligature cc; the spelling shows frequent confusion of e and i, also ci for ti. The script has features in common both with the well-known cursive from North Italy, including Bobbio, and with the familiar Merovingian types, but possesses a character of its own; on the whole it seems more Italian than French, despite the spelling ci for ti (such spelling is occasionally found in North Italian cursive; cf. CLA 9, final facsimile).
","Origin uncertain, probably a great centre in North Italy like Ravenna, to judge from the decoration and from the provenance, if one may assume that the Greek canon tables were already attached to our manuscript when the aphorisms in Latin cursive were entered. Ravenna has in its special favour, besides its ornamental connection, the bi-lingual character which our manuscript manifestly presupposes. The assumption that the manuscript came to North Italy and specifically to Bobbio from Vivarium has no foundation in fact. Towards the end of the sixteenth century the manuscript was in the library of Ambras Castle, whence it came to the Imperial library in 1665.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/210.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/210.jpg 211,1610,"Irish and Cursive Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1492,"Written doubtless at Bobbio, to judge from the script and other palaeographical features.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67679",,"foll. 9v and 14",,,"Script is partly Irish minuscule (foll. 1–11v), partly Italian cursive minuscule (foll. 13v–15); the Irish hand seems identical with one of the scribes of Naples MS Lat. 2 (foll. 42*–75) (CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731)): **u** is often suprascript and cup-shaped; ligatures include **bi**, **bꞅ**, **li**, **ꞇi**, and, especially noteworthy in both manuscripts, **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti); the Italian script resembles certain hands found in Milan, Ambros. L. 99 sup. (CLA [3.353](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/691)): **i**-longa occasionally in mid-word; the **st** ligature has the typical North Italian form with the **ꞇ** leaning backwards; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti.",,,,3,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/211,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/211,"Script is partly Irish minuscule (foll. 1–11v), partly Italian cursive minuscule (foll. 13v–15); the Irish hand seems identical with one of the scribes of Naples MS Lat. 2 (foll. 42*–75) (CLA 3.394): u is often suprascript and cup-shaped; ligatures include bi, bꞅ, li, ꞇi, and, especially noteworthy in both manuscripts, ti ligature (for hard and soft ti); the Italian script resembles certain hands found in Milan, Ambros. L. 99 sup. (CLA 3.353): i-longa occasionally in mid-word; the st ligature has the typical North Italian form with the ꞇ leaning backwards; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio, to judge from the script and other palaeographical features.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/211.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/211.jpg 213,1611,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,10,1493,"Written presumably in Italy or France. Rewritten at Bobbio in the eighth century.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vetus Latina, Prv 2.1–4.23, 18.9–19.24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67680",,"fol. 12v",,,"Script is a bold and rather uncial with distinctly spiked serifs on the down-strokes of **F**, **I**, **P**, **q**, **R**; the tail of **G** is a long hair-line ending in a dot; the last stroke of **M** normally descends below the line in a hair-line; **T** has a distinct foot.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/213,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/213,"Script is a bold and rather uncial with distinctly spiked serifs on the down-strokes of F, I, P, q, R; the tail of G is a long hair-line ending in a dot; the last stroke of M normally descends below the line in a hair-line; T has a distinct foot.
","Written presumably in Italy or France. Rewritten at Bobbio in the eighth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/213.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/213.jpg 214,1612,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1494,"Written presumably at Salzburg by scribes imported by Archbishop Arno from St Amand. Was certainly in Salzburg by the ninth century, as shown by corrections. The manuscript belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '144' is still seen on the front cover.",1,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum, Allegoriae, De Orthographia; Eucherius, Solutiones; Hieronymus, Epistulae (Ad Sunnniam et Fretellam), Expositiones in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67682",,"fol. 168",,,"Script, by several scribes, is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule of North French type: **a** and **d** are the rule; ligatures include **fr**, **ge**, **rp**, **US**. Corrections by various ninth-century Salzburg scribes, among them probably the scholasticus Baldo. A table of contents (saec. XV) on fol. 1v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/214,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/214,"Script, by several scribes, is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule of North French type: a and d are the rule; ligatures include fr, ge, rp, US. Corrections by various ninth-century Salzburg scribes, among them probably the scholasticus Baldo. A table of contents (saec. XV) on fol. 1v.
","Written presumably at Salzburg by scribes imported by Archbishop Arno from St Amand. Was certainly in Salzburg by the ninth century, as shown by corrections. The manuscript belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '144' is still seen on the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/214.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/214.jpg 216,1613,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1495,"Origin uncertain. Was certainly at Salzburg where it was corrected in the early ninth century. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library, whence it was removed to Vienna in 1806.",0,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67683",,"foll. 77v and 109v",,,"Script, by several hands, is partly Caroline, partly pre-Caroline minuscule: both **a** and open **a** are used, the former predominating in one hand, the latter in other hands. Contemporary corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule (foll. 55, 57v, 66, 87v); many marginal additions in the form of a triangle. Other corrections by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe (perhaps Baldo). A contemporary hand entered the names maurī, gerlin, rangē, gerlin, huarnefret opposite certain passages in homily X (foll. 92v–97v).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/216,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/216,"Script, by several hands, is partly Caroline, partly pre-Caroline minuscule: both a and open a are used, the former predominating in one hand, the latter in other hands. Contemporary corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule (foll. 55, 57v, 66, 87v); many marginal additions in the form of a triangle. Other corrections by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe (perhaps Baldo). A contemporary hand entered the names maurī, gerlin, rangē, gerlin, huarnefret opposite certain passages in homily X (foll. 92v–97v).
","Origin uncertain. Was certainly at Salzburg where it was corrected in the early ninth century. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library, whence it was removed to Vienna in 1806.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/216.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/216.jpg 217,1614,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1496,"Written presumably at Salzburg by St Amand scribes, or else at St Amand itself, in the time of Arno, bishop of Salzburg (785–821) and at the same time abbot of St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '113' is still visible on the front cover.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Ps- Hieronymus, Commentarius in Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 67684",,"fol. 71v",,,"Script, by numerous scribes, is calligraphic Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type: **a** has two forms; v-shaped **u** occurs in the **-orum** ending; ligatures include **nꞇ** even in mid-word and **or** with the characteristic sweeping **r**. Half-uncial **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of some sentences.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/217,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/217,"Script, by numerous scribes, is calligraphic Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type: a has two forms; v-shaped u occurs in the -orum ending; ligatures include nꞇ even in mid-word and or with the characteristic sweeping r. Half-uncial Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of some sentences.
","Written presumably at Salzburg by St Amand scribes, or else at St Amand itself, in the time of Arno, bishop of Salzburg (785–821) and at the same time abbot of St Amand. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century press-mark '113' is still visible on the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/217.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/217.jpg 218,1615,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1497,"Written no doubt at Salzburg, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century shelf-mark '75' stands on the front cover. Was removed to Vienna in 1806.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Johannes Chrysostomus, Commentarius in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67685",,"fol. 66v",,,"Script is a firm, bold Caroline minuscule with wedge-shaped finials, to be compared with the script of the Ambrose fragments at Salzburg and with one hand of Salzburg MS a. VII. 2 (CLA [10.1464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/182), [1460](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/178)): **a** and **d** are the rule; the **nꞇ** ligature occurs even in mid-word; the typical **ot** ligature is seen on fol. 66v. Corrections by several ninth-century Salzburg scribes, one of whom is probably Baldo (e.g. on fol. 42v). The Nota Tironiana 'usque' stands in the margin on fol. 31.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/218,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/218,"Script is a firm, bold Caroline minuscule with wedge-shaped finials, to be compared with the script of the Ambrose fragments at Salzburg and with one hand of Salzburg MS a. VII. 2 (CLA 10.1464, 1460): a and d are the rule; the nꞇ ligature occurs even in mid-word; the typical ot ligature is seen on fol. 66v. Corrections by several ninth-century Salzburg scribes, one of whom is probably Baldo (e.g. on fol. 42v). The Nota Tironiana 'usque' stands in the margin on fol. 31.
","Written no doubt at Salzburg, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library: the fifteenth-century shelf-mark '75' stands on the front cover. Was removed to Vienna in 1806.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/218.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/218.jpg 219,1616,Uncial,VI,501,600,10,1498,"Origin uncertain. The volume to which our fragment is attached presumably belonged to a Bavarian or Austrian monastery: it was written in part at Benediktbeuern.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus Latina, Nm 26 passim).",Parchment,,,"TM 67686",,"verso (now bound as recto) shown",,,"Script is a well-formed uncial: the bow of **A** is rather ample; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the down-strokes of **B**, **L**, **P** often have a serif to the left; **N** is distinctly broad; the bows of **ꝺ** and **P** are full-blown. Letters at line-ends are often considerably reduced in size and rise above the base-line.","☛B. Bischoff, Miscellanea Mercati (Studi e testi 121) p. 409–10.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/219,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/219,"Script is a well-formed uncial: the bow of A is rather ample; the lower bow of B protrudes; the down-strokes of B, L, P often have a serif to the left; N is distinctly broad; the bows of ꝺ and P are full-blown. Letters at line-ends are often considerably reduced in size and rise above the base-line.
","Origin uncertain. The volume to which our fragment is attached presumably belonged to a Bavarian or Austrian monastery: it was written in part at Benediktbeuern.
","☛B. Bischoff, Miscellanea Mercati (Studi e testi 121) p. 409–10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/219.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/219.jpg 220,1617,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,10,1499,"Written at Regensburg, apparently by the scribe of the main part of Munich CLM 14537 (CLA [9.1304](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801)), possibly as a continuation to the Anglo-Saxon Regensburg manuscript of Isaiah and Jeremiah (now Munich CLM 14080; CLA [9.1289a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1783)) with which our manuscript agrees almost exactly in size and number of lines. The manuscript received its present binding in the Imperial Library in 1720.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores et Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Ez, Dn, Os, Ioel, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi, Na, Hab, So, Agg 1.1–1.6). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67687",,"fol. 39v",,,"Script is an upright early Caroline minuscule of the same type and apparently by the same hand as the main part of Munich CLM 14537: **a** has only the Caroline form; **d** has two forms; **z** goes well below the line; ascenders and descenders are long; few ligatures used. A contemporary hand betraying Insular influence repeated the word propheta on fol. 59.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 187.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/220,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/220,"Script is an upright early Caroline minuscule of the same type and apparently by the same hand as the main part of Munich CLM 14537: a has only the Caroline form; d has two forms; z goes well below the line; ascenders and descenders are long; few ligatures used. A contemporary hand betraying Insular influence repeated the word propheta on fol. 59.
","Written at Regensburg, apparently by the scribe of the main part of Munich CLM 14537 (CLA 9.1304), possibly as a continuation to the Anglo-Saxon Regensburg manuscript of Isaiah and Jeremiah (now Munich CLM 14080; CLA 9.1289a) with which our manuscript agrees almost exactly in size and number of lines. The manuscript received its present binding in the Imperial Library in 1720.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 187.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/220.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/220.jpg 222,1618,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1500,"Written by the Anglo-Saxon scribe Cutbercht in an important centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment, the type of uncial seen, and the character of the text (teste Köhler), and most likely at Salzburg, to judge by its early corrections and additions, by its relation to the Austrian Codex Millenarius (saec. IX in.) now in Kremsmünster, and by the presence of corrections in what seems to be Cutbercht's hand in a Salzburg manuscript of the Prophets (CLA [10.1445](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/162)). The scribe's subscription on fol. Ov reads: 'Cutberc\h/t. scripsit ista. IIII . evangelia'. The manuscript was no. 46 in the Salzburg cathedral library. Brought to Vienna in 1806.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Cuthbert Gospels.",,"TM 67688",,"foll. 14, 72, and 198",,,"Script, apparently all by Cutbercht, is partly large Anglo-Saxon majuscule (especially foll. 1–7, 198–205), partly compressed majuscule verging on minuscule, and often almost pure minuscule which for a few lines on foll. 71 and 109 turns into cursive; the majuscule shows mostly **ꝺ**, **N**, **R**, **S**; uncial **A** frequent in various forms; uncial **M** occurs here and there; **u** is occasionally indicated by a suprascript horizontal flourish; **y** has two forms. Uncial with both **U** and **V** is used on part of fol. 72. A list of liturgical sections was added by a ninth-century Salzburg hand on foll. l*–0v. Corrections by other Carolingian Salzburg hands. The names 'rudtrud liutker' (saec. IX or X) on fol. 2. A Nota Tironiana 'reclamatam' (?) on fol. 124.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 24.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/222,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/222,"Script, apparently all by Cutbercht, is partly large Anglo-Saxon majuscule (especially foll. 1–7, 198–205), partly compressed majuscule verging on minuscule, and often almost pure minuscule which for a few lines on foll. 71 and 109 turns into cursive; the majuscule shows mostly ꝺ, N, R, S; uncial A frequent in various forms; uncial M occurs here and there; u is occasionally indicated by a suprascript horizontal flourish; y has two forms. Uncial with both U and V is used on part of fol. 72. A list of liturgical sections was added by a ninth-century Salzburg hand on foll. l*–0v. Corrections by other Carolingian Salzburg hands. The names 'rudtrud liutker' (saec. IX or X) on fol. 2. A Nota Tironiana 'reclamatam' (?) on fol. 124.
","Written by the Anglo-Saxon scribe Cutbercht in an important centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment, the type of uncial seen, and the character of the text (teste Köhler), and most likely at Salzburg, to judge by its early corrections and additions, by its relation to the Austrian Codex Millenarius (saec. IX in.) now in Kremsmünster, and by the presence of corrections in what seems to be Cutbercht's hand in a Salzburg manuscript of the Prophets (CLA 10.1445). The scribe's subscription on fol. Ov reads: 'Cutberc\h/t. scripsit ista. IIII . evangelia'. The manuscript was no. 46 in the Salzburg cathedral library. Brought to Vienna in 1806.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 24.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/222.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/222.jpg 223,1619,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1501,"Written at Salzburg, to judge by the resemblance to Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA [10.1497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/218)) and Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where it bore the number 193. Was removed to Vienna in 1806.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Liber de Diversis Sententiis; Hieronymus, De Passione Domini; Laurentius Mellifluus, De Duobus Temporibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67689",,"foll. 22v and 62",,,"Script is a firm, bold Caroline minuscule by several hands typical of the Salzburg school, including perhaps the main hand of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)): **a** and occasionally open **a**, **d** and **ꝺ** are used; ligatures include forms with suprascript **a**; a more stately script with half-uncial **a** and other half-uncial features is used for six lines on fol. 2. The manuscript has a plain Carolingian binding.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/223,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/223,"Script is a firm, bold Caroline minuscule by several hands typical of the Salzburg school, including perhaps the main hand of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247): a and occasionally open a, d and ꝺ are used; ligatures include forms with suprascript a; a more stately script with half-uncial a and other half-uncial features is used for six lines on fol. 2. The manuscript has a plain Carolingian binding.
","Written at Salzburg, to judge by the resemblance to Vienna Lat. 1007 (CLA 10.1497) and Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where it bore the number 193. Was removed to Vienna in 1806.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/223.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/223.jpg 224,1620,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1502,"Origin uncertain, presumably a West or South-west German centre, to judge by the script. Was in the Vienna Palatine Library by 1576; previously it may have been in the possession of Wolfgang Lazius (†1555).",2,,,"Homiliae et Vitae Sanctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67690",,"foll. 155v and 163v",,,"Script, by several hands, is early minuscule with some pre-Caroline features and recalling in a general way the Weissenburg type: **a**, **d**, and **g** have two forms; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left; **z** goes below the line; the scribe of fol. 163v often uses **R**; ligatures include or even in mid-word and **ti** ligature occasionally for hard ti. Some contemporary corrections, others by eleventh-century hands. Crude drawings of Christ on foll. 1 and 68v.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/224,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/224,"Script, by several hands, is early minuscule with some pre-Caroline features and recalling in a general way the Weissenburg type: a, d, and g have two forms; the shaft of h often bends to the left; z goes below the line; the scribe of fol. 163v often uses R; ligatures include or even in mid-word and ti ligature occasionally for hard ti. Some contemporary corrections, others by eleventh-century hands. Crude drawings of Christ on foll. 1 and 68v.
","Origin uncertain, presumably a West or South-west German centre, to judge by the script. Was in the Vienna Palatine Library by 1576; previously it may have been in the possession of Wolfgang Lazius (†1555).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/224.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/224.jpg 225,1621,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1503,"Written in an important centre, possibly in Western Switzerland or North Italy, to judge from the resemblance to Karlsruhe MS Aug. CCLXI (CLA [8.1111](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1578)). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where in the fifteenth century it bore the pressmark 197.",2,,,Sermones.,Parchment,,,"TM 67691",,"foll. 47 and 2",,,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, essentially Italian (see CLA [8.1111](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1578)): **oc** is the rule; **c**often has the tall, broken-backed form; **ꝺ** and **d** occur; the cedilla of **e** is drop-like and unattached; uncial **𐌾** occurs here and there in the minuscule; the lower bow of **g** is often compressed; **i**-longa is used initially; **ll** almost run together; the shoulder of **r** ends in a bold upward curve; the top of **ꞇ** curves down at the left; **z** occurs in various forms; ligatures include **fi** (in the Italian form), **gi**, and **ti** for hard and soft sounds. Contemporary uncial is used for the hymn 'pio feramus pecture gradis' on fol. 2. The liturgical probatio pennae ‘O xpi martir sce chiliane' (saec. X) appears on both foll. 100v and 110.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 No. 1616. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1654.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/225,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/225,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, essentially Italian (see CLA 8.1111): oc is the rule; coften has the tall, broken-backed form; ꝺ and d occur; the cedilla of e is drop-like and unattached; uncial 𐌾 occurs here and there in the minuscule; the lower bow of g is often compressed; i-longa is used initially; ll almost run together; the shoulder of r ends in a bold upward curve; the top of ꞇ curves down at the left; z occurs in various forms; ligatures include fi (in the Italian form), gi, and ti for hard and soft sounds. Contemporary uncial is used for the hymn 'pio feramus pecture gradis' on fol. 2. The liturgical probatio pennae ‘O xpi martir sce chiliane' (saec. X) appears on both foll. 100v and 110.
","Written in an important centre, possibly in Western Switzerland or North Italy, to judge from the resemblance to Karlsruhe MS Aug. CCLXI (CLA 8.1111). Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library where in the fifteenth century it bore the pressmark 197.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 No. 1616. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1654.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/225.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/225.jpg 226,1622,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (ante 795)",776,794,10,1504,"Written at the order of Charlemagne and doubtless in the Palace School as a present for Pope Hadrian (†795), mainly by the calligrapher Dagulf. The early history of the manuscript is unknown. It is probably to be identified with a 'psalter of Charlemagne' which in 1065 came from the abbey of Limburg to Speyer, and it seems also identical with the golden psalter given in 1065–1066 by Emperor Henry IV to Archbishop Adalbert of Breman. It remained in the cathedral at Bremen probably until the middle of the seventeenth century. It is first recorded in the Vienna library in 1669. The ivory tablets which originally belonged to the manuscript are now preserved in the Louvre. The manuscript constitutes a milestone in the history of Caroline minuscule.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium (Vetus Latina, Ps).",Parchment,"Psalterium Karoli Magni. Dagulf Psalter.",,"TM 67692",,"foll. 44 and 146",,,"Script, by Dagulf and one other scribe (foll. 146 ff.), is a graceful and well-developed Caroline minuscule: Dagulf uses **a** and open **a**, the other scribe almost regularly **a**; hardly any ligatures besides **&**, **ex**, **NT**, and **st**.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/226,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/226,"Script, by Dagulf and one other scribe (foll. 146 ff.), is a graceful and well-developed Caroline minuscule: Dagulf uses a and open a, the other scribe almost regularly a; hardly any ligatures besides &, ex, NT, and st.
","Written at the order of Charlemagne and doubtless in the Palace School as a present for Pope Hadrian (†795), mainly by the calligrapher Dagulf. The early history of the manuscript is unknown. It is probably to be identified with a 'psalter of Charlemagne' which in 1065 came from the abbey of Limburg to Speyer, and it seems also identical with the golden psalter given in 1065–1066 by Emperor Henry IV to Archbishop Adalbert of Breman. It remained in the cathedral at Bremen probably until the middle of the seventeenth century. It is first recorded in the Vienna library in 1669. The ivory tablets which originally belonged to the manuscript are now preserved in the Louvre. The manuscript constitutes a milestone in the history of Caroline minuscule.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/226.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/226.jpg 227,1623,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1505,"Written in Western Germany, manifestly in the Lorsch area to judge by the script, the omission-sign, and the ninth-century corrections; the same centre apparently produced Vienna MS L 2147 (CLA [10.1506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/229)). Later history unknown. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library early in the seventeenth century.",2,,,"Canones Conciliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67693",,"foll. 1 and 13 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is partly pre-Caroline minuscule, partly early Caroline minuscule somewhat reminiscent of the Lorsch type; the main hand on foll. 1–34 is rather angular: **a** has mostly the open form; both **d** and **ꝺ** are used; **i**-longa is frequent even in mid-word; **y** stands on the line and has a dot above and below its right branch; **ti** ligature is used for both hard and soft ti; a hand found on fol. 13 recalls the script of [Vienna L 2147](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/229). Corrections and notes by ninth-century hands of the Lorsch type.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/227,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/227,"Script, by several hands, is partly pre-Caroline minuscule, partly early Caroline minuscule somewhat reminiscent of the Lorsch type; the main hand on foll. 1–34 is rather angular: a has mostly the open form; both d and ꝺ are used; i-longa is frequent even in mid-word; y stands on the line and has a dot above and below its right branch; ti ligature is used for both hard and soft ti; a hand found on fol. 13 recalls the script of Vienna L 2147. Corrections and notes by ninth-century hands of the Lorsch type.
","Written in Western Germany, manifestly in the Lorsch area to judge by the script, the omission-sign, and the ninth-century corrections; the same centre apparently produced Vienna MS L 2147 (CLA 10.1506). Later history unknown. Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library early in the seventeenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/227.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/227.jpg 229,1624,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1506,"Written in Western Germany, presumably in the Lorsch area to judge by the similarity in script with Vienna MS 2141, fol. 13 (CLA [10.1505](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/227)). Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library in the early seventeenth century.",2,,,"Canones Conciliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67694",,"foll. 4v and 22v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is mainly roundish, almost Caroline minuscule of a type also represented in Vienna L 2141, fol. 13 (CLA [10.1505](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/227)): both **a** and open **a**, **d** and **ꝺ** are used; some scribes use the Insular **Ᵹ**; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left; the curious hand seen on fol. 4 shows strong Insular influence. Corrections by several hands saec. IX–XI.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/229,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/229,"Script, by several hands, is mainly roundish, almost Caroline minuscule of a type also represented in Vienna L 2141, fol. 13 (CLA 10.1505): both a and open a, d and ꝺ are used; some scribes use the Insular Ᵹ; the shaft of h often bends to the left; the curious hand seen on fol. 4 shows strong Insular influence. Corrections by several hands saec. IX–XI.
","Written in Western Germany, presumably in the Lorsch area to judge by the similarity in script with Vienna MS 2141, fol. 13 (CLA 10.1505). Was already in the Vienna Palatine Library in the early seventeenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/229.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/229.jpg 230,1625,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,10,1507,"Written presumably in South Italy. Corrected in the sixth century at Aquino by a Dulcitius (see foll. 9v, 21), probably the Dulcitius recorded about 556–60. Later at Benevento. The manuscript was in Vienna in the last quarter of the eighteenth century when the Jesuit Joseph Benedict Heyrenbach made a careful transcript of most of the text (now Vienna L 9799). The main manuscript was presented to the Emperor Joseph II by Camillo IV, count of Colloredo, between 1793 and 1797; it was then bound up with Vienna L 903, Epistulae Pauli in Beneventan saec. X. The St Florian fragment came from Garsten after the dissolution of this convent under Joseph II; this fragment and one of the two fragments which were acquired by the Nationalbibliothek from Professor Hubert Marischka in 1954 (foll. 44 bis, 74 ter) were regarded as autographs of St Augustine according to eighteenth-century entries. The Barberini leaf was discovered by G. Mercati in 1901.",2,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (imperf.), Contra Arianos (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 60171",,"fol. 16",,,"Script is an easy, leisurely half-uncial of an early type, with both **𐌾** and **Ᵹ**. Numerous corrections in sixth-century sloping uncial by Dulcitius. Other marginalia in fine sixth-century cursive. An early tachygraphical note on fol. 42v. An entry in large late uncial on fol. 88v. Some fourteenth century scribbles contain Italian names. A transcript of some sentences on fol. 38 is in the same fifteenth-century hand seen in Vienna MS L 903 in Beneventan script saec. X; this hand, according to A. Campana, was that of the librarian of the ‘ecclesia maior' of Benevento.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/230,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/230,"Script is an easy, leisurely half-uncial of an early type, with both 𐌾 and Ᵹ. Numerous corrections in sixth-century sloping uncial by Dulcitius. Other marginalia in fine sixth-century cursive. An early tachygraphical note on fol. 42v. An entry in large late uncial on fol. 88v. Some fourteenth century scribbles contain Italian names. A transcript of some sentences on fol. 38 is in the same fifteenth-century hand seen in Vienna MS L 903 in Beneventan script saec. X; this hand, according to A. Campana, was that of the librarian of the ‘ecclesia maior' of Benevento.
","Written presumably in South Italy. Corrected in the sixth century at Aquino by a Dulcitius (see foll. 9v, 21), probably the Dulcitius recorded about 556–60. Later at Benevento. The manuscript was in Vienna in the last quarter of the eighteenth century when the Jesuit Joseph Benedict Heyrenbach made a careful transcript of most of the text (now Vienna L 9799). The main manuscript was presented to the Emperor Joseph II by Camillo IV, count of Colloredo, between 1793 and 1797; it was then bound up with Vienna L 903, Epistulae Pauli in Beneventan saec. X. The St Florian fragment came from Garsten after the dissolution of this convent under Joseph II; this fragment and one of the two fragments which were acquired by the Nationalbibliothek from Professor Hubert Marischka in 1954 (foll. 44 bis, 74 ter) were regarded as autographs of St Augustine according to eighteenth-century entries. The Barberini leaf was discovered by G. Mercati in 1901.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/230.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/230.jpg 231,1626,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1508,"Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script of the text and of the early additions. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library, where it was number 189 according to the fifteenth-century shelf-mark on the binding.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Poenitentiale 'Discipulus Umbrensium', etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67695",,"fol. 27",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed yet roundish Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely akin to the script of CLA [10.1475](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/193) and [1476](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/194): **a** and **d** have two forms; the **ꞇi** ligature occurs in the Insular form. Added patristic excerpts on foll. 46v–57 are by Salzburg scribes saec. IX in.; excerpts from St Augustine on foll. 2, 57–59 probably by the scholasticus Baldo. The script of a late eighth century corrector using grey ink (foll. 17, 36, etc.) distinctly recalls the hand of Meginfrit seen in Bamberg MS Class. 3 (CLA [8.1027a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482)).",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/231,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/231,"Script is a somewhat compressed yet roundish Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely akin to the script of CLA 10.1475 and 1476: a and d have two forms; the ꞇi ligature occurs in the Insular form. Added patristic excerpts on foll. 46v–57 are by Salzburg scribes saec. IX in.; excerpts from St Augustine on foll. 2, 57–59 probably by the scholasticus Baldo. The script of a late eighth century corrector using grey ink (foll. 17, 36, etc.) distinctly recalls the hand of Meginfrit seen in Bamberg MS Class. 3 (CLA 8.1027a).
","Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script of the text and of the early additions. Belonged to the Salzburg cathedral library, where it was number 189 according to the fifteenth-century shelf-mark on the binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/231.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/231.jpg 232,1627,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1509,"Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script. The manuscript was in the Imperial Library by the eighteenth century; the binding bears the date 1755.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Poenitentiale ‘Vindobonense'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67696",,"foll. 12v and 25v",,,"Script is well-formed early Caroline minuscule of the Salzburg type: **a** is much more frequent than open **a**; both **ꝺ** and **d** are used.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/232,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/232,"Script is well-formed early Caroline minuscule of the Salzburg type: a is much more frequent than open a; both ꝺ and d are used.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script. The manuscript was in the Imperial Library by the eighteenth century; the binding bears the date 1755.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/232.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/232.jpg 233,1628,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1510,"Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script, and apparently copied from an Irish exemplar perhaps brought over or acquired by Virgil the Irish bishop of Salzburg (†784). Our leaves were once used as bindings in Vienna MSS 1540, 2101, 2731, formerly belonging to the Salzburg cathedral library.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Gregorius Turonensis, De Cursu Stellarum; Macrobius, Saturnalia (1); Solinus, Opus Incertum?",Parchment,,,"TM 67697",,"Image from MS. 15269 fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a stately, early Caroline minuscule, closely akin to, and possibly identical with, the main hand of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA [9.1247](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732)): **a** is the rule, the half-uncial form the exception; the half-uncial or Insular **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of sentences; the ligature **or** is used even in mid-word.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/233,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/233,"Script is a stately, early Caroline minuscule, closely akin to, and possibly identical with, the main hand of Munich CLM 5508 (CLA 9.1247): a is the rule, the half-uncial form the exception; the half-uncial or Insular Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of sentences; the ligature or is used even in mid-word.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg, to judge from the script, and apparently copied from an Irish exemplar perhaps brought over or acquired by Virgil the Irish bishop of Salzburg (†784). Our leaves were once used as bindings in Vienna MSS 1540, 2101, 2731, formerly belonging to the Salzburg cathedral library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/233.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/233.jpg 234,1629,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1511,"Written presumably in Ireland. The fragments were formerly pasted to the covers of Vienna MS L 2269, a huge collection of texts on the liberal arts written presumably in France in the eleventh century; by the twelfth century this volume seems to have belonged to a library in the diocese of Aquileia and probably to the cathedral itself (cf. the entries on the front fly-leaf and on fol. 86v).",3,,,"Beda, De Temporum Ratione (7–22).",Parchment,,,"TM 67698",,"fol. 3 ",,,"Script is a pointed and compressed Irish minuscule. Numerous Latin and Irish glosses.","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek L 2269.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/234,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/234,"Script is a pointed and compressed Irish minuscule. Numerous Latin and Irish glosses.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The fragments were formerly pasted to the covers of Vienna MS L 2269, a huge collection of texts on the liberal arts written presumably in France in the eleventh century; by the twelfth century this volume seems to have belonged to a library in the diocese of Aquileia and probably to the cathedral itself (cf. the entries on the front fly-leaf and on fol. 86v).
","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek L 2269.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/234.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/234.jpg 235,1630,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,10,1512,"Written probably in Italy, to judge from the script, which has some resemblance to that of the Gospels of St Augustine (CLA [2.230](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/548)) with which our fragment also agrees in the number of lines. The bifolium was pasted to the front cover of Vienna MS L 2206 (formerly number 295 in the Salzburg cathedral library).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, (Vetus Latina, 2Sm 10–11, 14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67699",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a old uncial: the bow of **A** is small; the first upright of **N** often goes below the line; the bow of **q** is ample; **LL** run together; the ligature **Nꞅ** occurs at line-end. Small corrections in contemporary uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/235,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/235,"Script is a old uncial: the bow of A is small; the first upright of N often goes below the line; the bow of q is ample; LL run together; the ligature Nꞅ occurs at line-end. Small corrections in contemporary uncial.
","Written probably in Italy, to judge from the script, which has some resemblance to that of the Gospels of St Augustine (CLA 2.230) with which our fragment also agrees in the number of lines. The bifolium was pasted to the front cover of Vienna MS L 2206 (formerly number 295 in the Salzburg cathedral library).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/235.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/235.jpg 236,1631,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1513,"Written in the centre which produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA [6.795](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209)), probably at Mondsee, where the fragments were used for bookbinding purposes in the fifteenth century.",1,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1Cor, 2Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1Th, 2Th, Laod fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67700",,"foll. 1 and 25",,,"Script is graceful, roundish early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, by two hands; the first (on fol. 1 and two unnumbered leaves) seems identical with the first hand of the Montpellier Psalter (CLA [6.795](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209)); the second is akin to the second hand of the same Psalter and to the script of Vienna Lat. Ser. n. 2066 (I) (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/147)): the **nꞇ** ligature occurs in mid-word. Corrections and glosses, including some Old High German, in minuscule saec. X. Late medieval scribbles are seen on some leaves.","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek Fragm. 9/8.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/236,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/236,"Script is graceful, roundish early Caroline minuscule of South-east German type, by two hands; the first (on fol. 1 and two unnumbered leaves) seems identical with the first hand of the Montpellier Psalter (CLA 6.795); the second is akin to the second hand of the same Psalter and to the script of Vienna Lat. Ser. n. 2066 (I) (see next item): the nꞇ ligature occurs in mid-word. Corrections and glosses, including some Old High German, in minuscule saec. X. Late medieval scribbles are seen on some leaves.
","Written in the centre which produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA 6.795), probably at Mondsee, where the fragments were used for bookbinding purposes in the fifteenth century.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek Fragm. 9/8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/236.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/236.jpg 237,1633,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1514,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the script. The fragment was used as a jacket for a book which in 1573 was at Innsbruck according to a note on fol. 1.",2,,,"Vita S Patricii (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67701",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is an elegant pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **d** has two forms; descenders of **p**, **q**, **r**, and **ꞅ** are very long; the oblique of **z** thrusts boldly below the line. Numerous corrections by a Caroline hand saec. X–XI.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/237,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/237,"Script is an elegant pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: d has two forms; descenders of p, q, r, and ꞅ are very long; the oblique of z thrusts boldly below the line. Numerous corrections by a Caroline hand saec. X–XI.
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the script. The fragment was used as a jacket for a book which in 1573 was at Innsbruck according to a note on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/237.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/237.jpg 238,1634,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1515,"Written in England, and presumably in the North, or possibly in an Anglo-Saxon foundation on the Continent. Later history unknown.",3,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (3.37–39).",Parchment,,,"TM 67702",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is mainly vigorous Anglo-Saxon minuscule similar to the script of Paris Lat. 10399 (fol. 50) (CLA [5.596](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/963)): open **a** is mostly majuscule but occasionally it has a form in which the second bow lacks its upper stroke; the lower part of **Ᵹ** swings to the right; **r** is short; both **s** and **ꞅ** are used; **aꞇ** often have a common top stroke. The last few lines of each page are in pointed, almost cursive minuscule with open **a**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/238,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/238,"Script is mainly vigorous Anglo-Saxon minuscule similar to the script of Paris Lat. 10399 (fol. 50) (CLA 5.596): open a is mostly majuscule but occasionally it has a form in which the second bow lacks its upper stroke; the lower part of Ᵹ swings to the right; r is short; both s and ꞅ are used; aꞇ often have a common top stroke. The last few lines of each page are in pointed, almost cursive minuscule with open a.
","Written in England, and presumably in the North, or possibly in an Anglo-Saxon foundation on the Continent. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/238.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/238.jpg 239,1635,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1516,"Written presumably in South-east Germany, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.",2,,,"Passio S Eugeniae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67703",,"foll. 1v-2",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule recalling somewhat certain South Bavarian scripts like that of Munich CLM 19126 (CLA [9.1321](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1822)), etc.: **a** has two forms, with open **a** predominating; the top of **g** is flat (as often in Verona minuscule saec. VIII–IX); **ti** ligature occurs for hard ti.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/239,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/239,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule recalling somewhat certain South Bavarian scripts like that of Munich CLM 19126 (CLA 9.1321), etc.: a has two forms, with open a predominating; the top of g is flat (as often in Verona minuscule saec. VIII–IX); ti ligature occurs for hard ti.
","Written presumably in South-east Germany, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/239.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/239.jpg 240,1636,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1517,"Written no doubt at Salzburg. The fragment was formerly a fly-leaf of Vienna MS Lat. 521, saec. XII–XIII, from Salzburg (Salisb. 413), containing Adam Bremensis, Gesta pontificum Hammaburgensium.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Opus Argumenti Theologici (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67704",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely resembling one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)), etc.: **ꝺ** is more frequent than **d**; ligatures include **aeꞇ**.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/240,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/240,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of Salzburg type, closely resembling one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313), etc.: ꝺ is more frequent than d; ligatures include aeꞇ.
","Written no doubt at Salzburg. The fragment was formerly a fly-leaf of Vienna MS Lat. 521, saec. XII–XIII, from Salzburg (Salisb. 413), containing Adam Bremensis, Gesta pontificum Hammaburgensium.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/240.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/240.jpg 241,1637,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,10,1518,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house, to judge by the script. Was at Salzburg already in the ninth century, as shown by a correction. It may be noted that fragments of another Luxeuil manuscript of similar size containing the Prophets were divided at some time between St Mang's of Stadtamhof near Regensburg (now Munich CLM 291583; CLA [9.1337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1838)) and Admont (see CLA [10.**1337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/338)). The Job fragments were formerly fly-leaves of Vienna MSS L 675 and 1290, both from the Salzburg cathedral library.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Iob 13.20–15.4, 16.3–18.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67705",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a cursive minuscule of the type practised at Luxeuil. A ninth-century insertion on fol. 2 is by a characteristic Salzburg hand presumably belonging to the scholasticus Baldo.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 20, dates to ca. 720–30.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/241,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/241,"Script is a cursive minuscule of the type practised at Luxeuil. A ninth-century insertion on fol. 2 is by a characteristic Salzburg hand presumably belonging to the scholasticus Baldo.
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house, to judge by the script. Was at Salzburg already in the ninth century, as shown by a correction. It may be noted that fragments of another Luxeuil manuscript of similar size containing the Prophets were divided at some time between St Mang's of Stadtamhof near Regensburg (now Munich CLM 291583; CLA 9.1337) and Admont (see CLA 10.**1337). The Job fragments were formerly fly-leaves of Vienna MSS L 675 and 1290, both from the Salzburg cathedral library.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 20, dates to ca. 720–30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/241.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/241.jpg 242,1638,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,10,1519,"Written in Egypt. When the fragments were found, they were pasted together with Greek documents saec. V.",3,,,"Cicero, In Catilinam (6.15–16, 7.17–18, 8.19–20) with Greek translation - school book.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59455",,"VII. 17-18 from one of the fragments in Pap. 30885a is shown",,,"Script is an early example of half-uncial of a type somewhat similar to that of Manchester Rylands Papyrus 61 containing Cicero in Catilinam II (CLA [2.224]( http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/542)): **i**-longa occurs in mid-word; **L** goes below the line and is square at the foot; **S** is uncial.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/242,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/242,"Script is an early example of half-uncial of a type somewhat similar to that of Manchester Rylands Papyrus 61 containing Cicero in Catilinam II (CLA 2.224): i-longa occurs in mid-word; L goes below the line and is square at the foot; S is uncial.
","Written in Egypt. When the fragments were found, they were pasted together with Greek documents saec. V.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/242.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/242.jpg 243,1639,"Rustic Capital",III,201,300,10,1520,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Textus Incertus.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64254",,"both sides of the fragment (Latin and Greek) shown",,,"Script is expert, sturdy Rustic capital unlike the usual slim type. The papyrological verso was also used: it is in Greek cursive.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/243,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/243,"Script is expert, sturdy Rustic capital unlike the usual slim type. The papyrological verso was also used: it is in Greek cursive.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/243.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/243.jpg 244,1640,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,10,1521,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Textus Incertus.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64816",,"legible side of fragment shown",,,"Script is early half-uncial, to judge by the form of letters **d**, **e**, and **r**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/244,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/244,"Script is early half-uncial, to judge by the form of letters d, e, and r.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/244.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/244.jpg 245,1641,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1522,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (5.671–74, 683–84), with a Greek translation.",Parchment,,,"TM 62969",,"recto and verso of the entire fragment shown",,,"Script is broad uncial, influenced by the Greek. Manifestly a schoolbook (cf. CLA [3.306](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/643)).","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 20 (date V ex). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 13.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/245,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/245,"Script is broad uncial, influenced by the Greek. Manifestly a schoolbook (cf. CLA 3.306).
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 20 (date V ex). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 13.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/245.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/245.jpg 246,1642,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1523,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 64817",,"more legible side is shown",,,"Script is carefully penned uncial with the letters rather widely spaced: **S** is slim and inclines to the right.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/246,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/246,"Script is carefully penned uncial with the letters rather widely spaced: S is slim and inclines to the right.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/246.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/246.jpg 247,1643,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1524,"Written probably at Byzantium or some other important legal centre in the Eastern Empire. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",1,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Parchment,,,"TM 64818",,"both sides of entire fragment shown",,,"Script is small, graceful uncial recalling the type found in a number of legal manuscripts (cf. CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627), etc.); **B** and **R** have the characteristic forms; **UNT** in ligature at line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/247,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/247,"Script is small, graceful uncial recalling the type found in a number of legal manuscripts (cf. CLA 3.295, etc.); B and R have the characteristic forms; UNT in ligature at line-end.
","Written probably at Byzantium or some other important legal centre in the Eastern Empire. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/247.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/247.jpg 248,1644,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,10,1525,"Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, to judge by the Greek influence seen in the Latin script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm; the note 'ex 1883' is seen on the wrapper.",3,,,"Glossarium Latino-Graecum.",Parchment,,,"TM 64528",,"one side of each scrap shown",,,"Script is early half-uncial: the top of **ꞅ** forms an abrupt angle with the stem. The heading περι δρνμων is seen in the Greek column.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/248,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/248,"Script is early half-uncial: the top of ꞅ forms an abrupt angle with the stem. The heading περι δρνμων is seen in the Greek column.
","Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, to judge by the Greek influence seen in the Latin script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm; the note 'ex 1883' is seen on the wrapper.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/248.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/248.jpg 249,1645,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,10,1526,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm; on the wrapper the note 'ex 1883'.",0,,,"Textus Incertus, Fortasse Mythographus.",Parchment,,,"TM 64819",,"more legible fragments shown",,,"Script is a curious type of early half-uncial: the bow of **A** is small; that of **b** transects the shaft at the base; the descender of **Ᵹ** hardly goes below the line; **H** and **R** have capital forms; **I** is long after **T**; the base of **L** has a marked down-stroke.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/249,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/249,"Script is a curious type of early half-uncial: the bow of A is small; that of b transects the shaft at the base; the descender of Ᵹ hardly goes below the line; H and R have capital forms; I is long after T; the base of L has a marked down-stroke.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm; on the wrapper the note 'ex 1883'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/249.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/249.jpg 250,1646,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,10,1527,"Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, presumably in a centre of legal studies. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Lex Romanum Anteiustinianum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64631",,"shown is the complete text visible on both sides of fragments a and b in L 59",,,"Script is early sloping half-uncial of the distinct type seen in the Fragmentum de formula Fabiana (CLA [10.**1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)) and in another legal fragment found in Egypt (CLA [2.248](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)): the base of **L** extends below the following letter. In the capital rubrics **E** has no horizontal top-stroke.","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow Seider, Paläographie II.2, p. 50–1.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/250,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/250,"Script is early sloping half-uncial of the distinct type seen in the Fragmentum de formula Fabiana (CLA 10.**1042) and in another legal fragment found in Egypt (CLA 2.248): the base of L extends below the following letter. In the capital rubrics E has no horizontal top-stroke.
","Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, presumably in a centre of legal studies. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow Seider, Paläographie II.2, p. 50–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/250.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/250.jpg 251,1647,"Mixed Half-Uncial",V–VI,401,600,10,1528,"Written no doubt in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, to judge by the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (2.130–160 passim) cum versione Graeca.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64953",,"shown is one side of the bifolium with the fold in the middle",,,"Script has some similarity with the Ambrosian codex which is also in mixed, sloping uncial and half-uncial: **d** is almost uncial; **m** has the rectangular form; the cross-stroke of **T** has a downward finial at each end.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 11 (date VI).",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/251,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/251,"Script has some similarity with the Ambrosian codex which is also in mixed, sloping uncial and half-uncial: d is almost uncial; m has the rectangular form; the cross-stroke of T has a downward finial at each end.
","Written no doubt in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, to judge by the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 11 (date VI).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/251.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/251.jpg 252,1648,"Sloping Uncial",V–VI,438,530,10,1529,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",0,,,"Codex Theodosianus.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64820",,"entire verso shown",,,"Script is a rapid, sloping uncial approaching cursive. The incomplete first line suggests that what follows comes from the Theodosian Code, but the text is still to be identified.","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 78 n. 77.",,,,12,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/252,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/252,"Script is a rapid, sloping uncial approaching cursive. The incomplete first line suggests that what follows comes from the Theodosian Code, but the text is still to be identified.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 78 n. 77.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/252.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/252.jpg 253,1649,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,10,1530,"Possibly written in North Africa, to judge by the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 64632",,"both sides of fragment shown",,,"Script is an early, somewhat angular uncial recalling that of Codex K of the Gospels and some manuscripts of Cyprian, all probably of African origin (CLA [4.465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811), [**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748), [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810)): the eye of **E** is open; the first stroke of **M** is almost straight; the ligature **US** occurs at line-end.","☛CLA provenance (presumably North Africa) changed to follow CLA S p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/253,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/253,"Script is an early, somewhat angular uncial recalling that of Codex K of the Gospels and some manuscripts of Cyprian, all probably of African origin (CLA 4.465, **458, 464): the eye of E is open; the first stroke of M is almost straight; the ligature US occurs at line-end.
","Possibly written in North Africa, to judge by the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
","☛CLA provenance (presumably North Africa) changed to follow CLA S p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/253.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/253.jpg 254,1650,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1531,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",0,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 64821",,"legible hair-side shown",,,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/254,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/254,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/254.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/254.jpg 255,1651,"Early Half-Uncial","IV vel V",301,500,10,1532,"Origin uncertain, but probably a centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",0,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 64633",,"entire recto and verso shown",,,"Script on the recto is rather large early half-uncial: the bow of **a** is a small oval; **L** sweeps below the line; **r** has an angular form as in the Oxford Sallust papyrus (CLA [2.246](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/565)).",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/255,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/255,"Script on the recto is rather large early half-uncial: the bow of a is a small oval; L sweeps below the line; r has an angular form as in the Oxford Sallust papyrus (CLA 2.246).
","Origin uncertain, but probably a centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/255.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/255.jpg 256,1653,Cursive,V–VI,401,600,10,1533,"Written in a part of the Roman Empire where Greek was more familiar than Latin, and presumably in Egypt where the fragment was found. Discovered probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Amulet with Pater Noster. Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 6.11–12).",Papyrus,,,"TM 65156",,"entire recto shown",,,"Script is cursive by a hand more accustomed to Greek, to judge by the Greek letters that have slipped in, e.g. NOBIC, NOCTPA for nobis, nostra; **u** is cup-shaped; **a** is suprascript in the ligature **an**. The fragment has the look of an exercise. Part of a sketch is seen on the papyrological verso.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/256,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/256,"Script is cursive by a hand more accustomed to Greek, to judge by the Greek letters that have slipped in, e.g. NOBIC, NOCTPA for nobis, nostra; u is cup-shaped; a is suprascript in the ligature an. The fragment has the look of an exercise. Part of a sketch is seen on the papyrological verso.
","Written in a part of the Roman Empire where Greek was more familiar than Latin, and presumably in Egypt where the fragment was found. Discovered probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/256.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/256.jpg 257,1654,Uncial,V,401,500,10,1534,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Anteiustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 64822",,"one side of the three fragments shown",,,"Script is small, graceful uncial of an early type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/257,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/257,"Script is small, graceful uncial of an early type.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/257.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/257.jpg 258,1655,b-Uncial,VI,501,600,10,1535,"Written in an important centre in the East Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt probably in the Fayûm.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Parchment,,,"TM 65157",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,,,,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/258,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/258,,"Written in an important centre in the East Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/258.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/258.jpg 259,1656,"Greek and Latin Uncial",V–VI,401,600,10,1536,"Origin probably an administrative centre in the East Roman Empire. Found in Egypt.",,,,"Commentarius Graecus Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64952",,"Text of both sides of L 101 and of the larger fragment of L 102 are shown",,,"☛Seider, Pal. lat. Pap. II.2, pl. 22.",,,,,13,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/259,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/259,"☛Seider, Pal. lat. Pap. II.2, pl. 22.
","Origin probably an administrative centre in the East Roman Empire. Found in Egypt.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/259.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/259.jpg 260,1657,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,10,1537,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",,,,"Terentius, Andria (489–9, 514–21, 539–54, 575–82), with Greek glosses.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62794",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,,,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/260,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/260,,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/260.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/260.jpg 261,1658,Uncial,"V in (ca. 400)",375,425,10,1538,"Written in an important centre in the East Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt probably in the Fayûm.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 65155",,"From the recto and verso",,,,"☛CLA date (VI) changed to follow Seider. ☛Seider II.2, pl. 38. ☛Cavenaile CPL 245. ☛Mertens-Pack 2984.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/261,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/261,,"Written in an important centre in the East Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt probably in the Fayûm.
","☛CLA date (VI) changed to follow Seider. ☛Seider II.2, pl. 38. ☛Cavenaile CPL 245. ☛Mertens-Pack 2984.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/261.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/261.jpg 262,1659,"Rustic Capital","IV vel V",301,500,10,1539,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy, to judge by the excellence of the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.",3,,,"Sallustius, Historiae (1.107.136, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 62692",,"entire verso shown",,,"Script is well-formed, graceful Rustic capital. The Greek word 'KYPIE' is seen in the upper margin of the recto.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/262,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/262,"Script is well-formed, graceful Rustic capital. The Greek word 'KYPIE' is seen in the upper margin of the recto.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy, to judge by the excellence of the script. Found in Egypt, probably in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/262.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/262.jpg 263,1660,"Mixed Uncial",VIII,701,800,10,1540,"Written apparently in a centre under Insular influence. The main manuscript belonged to the monastery of Stavelot (cf. ex-libris on fol. 1).",,,,"Commentarius in Psalmum (Ps 149, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67706",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is a curious attempt at uncial by a scribe more accustomed to writing an Insular type, in spite of the different alphabet it shows a striking general resemblance to the Anglo-Saxon majuscule of Munich CLM 29051 a (CLA [9.1332](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1833)): both fragments show the minuscule form of **n** regularly, **R** with the final stroke almost horizontal, and often the top-heavy form of **S**; ascenders are somewhat wedge-shaped and **L** has a tendency to turn up at the foot; letters generally, with the exception of **S**, lean to the left.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/263,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/263,"Script is a curious attempt at uncial by a scribe more accustomed to writing an Insular type, in spite of the different alphabet it shows a striking general resemblance to the Anglo-Saxon majuscule of Munich CLM 29051 a (CLA 9.1332): both fragments show the minuscule form of n regularly, R with the final stroke almost horizontal, and often the top-heavy form of S; ascenders are somewhat wedge-shaped and L has a tendency to turn up at the foot; letters generally, with the exception of S, lean to the left.
","Written apparently in a centre under Insular influence. The main manuscript belonged to the monastery of Stavelot (cf. ex-libris on fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/263.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/263.jpg 264,1661,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,10,1541,"Written presumably in Eastern France. In the late eleventh or early twelfth century the manuscript was used for re-writing with homiletic, exegetical, and hagiographical texts; references to Stavelot and Malmédy are contained in a twelfth-century charter entered on fol. 82v and in the texts on the non-palimpsest parts. The manuscript is supposed to come from Stavelot.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67707",,"foll. 114v and 115 ",,,"Script is a bold and somewhat angular pre-Caroline minuscule with long descenders and ascenders, showing some resemblance to the script of the Wandalgarius manuscript at St Gall (CLA [7.950](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1412)): both **a** and open **a** are used; **f** has an almost half-uncial form; the lower bow of **g** opens out; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** curves down to the base-line. Marginal additions in minuscule on foll. 125v–126 seem saec. IX.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/264,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/264,"Script is a bold and somewhat angular pre-Caroline minuscule with long descenders and ascenders, showing some resemblance to the script of the Wandalgarius manuscript at St Gall (CLA 7.950): both a and open a are used; f has an almost half-uncial form; the lower bow of g opens out; the cross-stroke of ꞇ curves down to the base-line. Marginal additions in minuscule on foll. 125v–126 seem saec. IX.
","Written presumably in Eastern France. In the late eleventh or early twelfth century the manuscript was used for re-writing with homiletic, exegetical, and hagiographical texts; references to Stavelot and Malmédy are contained in a twelfth-century charter entered on fol. 82v and in the texts on the non-palimpsest parts. The manuscript is supposed to come from Stavelot.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/264.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/264.jpg 265,1662,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1542,"Written in France. Used as fly-leaves in a ninth-century manuscript which belonged to the monastery of St Bertin, according to the fourteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 2.",,,,"Beda, Expositio in Evangelium Lucae ( Lc 22).",Parchment,,,"TM 67708",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is bold, pre-Caroline minuscule leaning to the right, with long ascenders and descenders: **a** has the Caroline form; the tongue of **f** is low as in the half-uncial form.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 723.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/265,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/265,"Script is bold, pre-Caroline minuscule leaning to the right, with long ascenders and descenders: a has the Caroline form; the tongue of f is low as in the half-uncial form.
","Written in France. Used as fly-leaves in a ninth-century manuscript which belonged to the monastery of St Bertin, according to the fourteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 723.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/265.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/265.jpg 267,1663,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1543,"Origin uncertain; the script points to North France. The manuscript belonged to the ancient library of the Bollandists.",,,,"Ps- Macarius, Regula; Canones Apostolorum; Augustinus, Tractatus ad Competentes.",Parchment,,,"TM 67709",,"foll. 1v and 25v ",,,"Script shows considerable variety: the pre-Caroline hands make use of open **a** and such ligatures as **am**, **aru**; **q** is often open at the top; the lower left-hand branch of **x** is long and often has a point or spur to the right; other hands, closer to Caroline minuscule, have both **a** and open **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**, and often **n** and **N**. A ninth-century entry stands on the much rubbed fol. 1; a charm against fever is seen on foll. 128v–129 (saec. X). A fourteenth-century table of contents in the lower margins of foll. 1v–2 suggests St Bertin as provenance.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/267,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/267,"Script shows considerable variety: the pre-Caroline hands make use of open a and such ligatures as am, aru; q is often open at the top; the lower left-hand branch of x is long and often has a point or spur to the right; other hands, closer to Caroline minuscule, have both a and open a, d and ꝺ, and often n and N. A ninth-century entry stands on the much rubbed fol. 1; a charm against fever is seen on foll. 128v–129 (saec. X). A fourteenth-century table of contents in the lower margins of foll. 1v–2 suggests St Bertin as provenance.
","Origin uncertain; the script points to North France. The manuscript belonged to the ancient library of the Bollandists.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/267.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/267.jpg 268,1664,Minuscule,"VIII ex",776,800,10,1544,"Origin uncertain; the general look favours Italy, but certain features speak for France: the ornamental colophon on fol. 147v, the odd form of capitals **H** and **Z**, and the spelling **ci** for **ti**, all of which, of course, are possibly taken over from a French exemplar (cf. the Milan Vitae Patrum, CLA [3.341](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/677)).",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (2.3–10.28).",Parchment,,,"TM 67710",,"foll. 81v and 191v ",,,"Script is mostly a rather clumsy early minuscule: both **a** and open **a**, **d** and (less frequently) **ꝺ** are used; the big and roundish type written by one scribe (on foll. 80 ff.) reminds one of Veronese script, and other hands seem to have an Italian look. Noteworthy are the forms of capital **H** with the arched middle and **Z** flanked by two dots (fol. 276v). Corrections by ninth-century hands. Notae Tironianae occur in marginal entries saec. IX on foll. 157 (deest), 207v (deest), 210v (usque hic). The manuscript suffered in the upper margin from damp.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 730. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/268,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/268,"Script is mostly a rather clumsy early minuscule: both a and open a, d and (less frequently) ꝺ are used; the big and roundish type written by one scribe (on foll. 80 ff.) reminds one of Veronese script, and other hands seem to have an Italian look. Noteworthy are the forms of capital H with the arched middle and Z flanked by two dots (fol. 276v). Corrections by ninth-century hands. Notae Tironianae occur in marginal entries saec. IX on foll. 157 (deest), 207v (deest), 210v (usque hic). The manuscript suffered in the upper margin from damp.
","Origin uncertain; the general look favours Italy, but certain features speak for France: the ornamental colophon on fol. 147v, the odd form of capitals H and Z, and the spelling ci for ti, all of which, of course, are possibly taken over from a French exemplar (cf. the Milan Vitae Patrum, CLA 3.341).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 730.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/268.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/268.jpg 269,1665,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1545,"Written presumably in North France, possibly in the Corbie area. Later history unknown.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (opus completum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67711",,"foll. 32v and 18v ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule in different stages of perfection, by several hands working simultaneously on separate quires (evidenced by the blanks on foll. 106v, 260v, 268v); the hand on foll. 27 ff. distinctly recalls the Maurdramn type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); those on foll. 133 ff. and 155 ff. use **g** without the final stroke to the right; open **a** and uncial **ꝺ** are still used besides **a** and **d**. Contemporary and ninth-century marginalia by various hands. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 261.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 734. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/269,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/269,"Script is early Caroline minuscule in different stages of perfection, by several hands working simultaneously on separate quires (evidenced by the blanks on foll. 106v, 260v, 268v); the hand on foll. 27 ff. distinctly recalls the Maurdramn type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); those on foll. 133 ff. and 155 ff. use g without the final stroke to the right; open a and uncial ꝺ are still used besides a and d. Contemporary and ninth-century marginalia by various hands. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 261.
","Written presumably in North France, possibly in the Corbie area. Later history unknown.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 734.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/269.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/269.jpg 270,1666,Minuscule,VIII²,751,800,10,1546,"Written presumably in North France. For provenance see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/271).",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67712",,"both folios from recto of the fly-leaf shown",,,"Script of the text, to be seen only in mutilated letters from the surviving inner margin of the second folio, seems to be a large and broad pre-Caroline minuscule not here reproduced.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/270,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/270,"Script of the text, to be seen only in mutilated letters from the surviving inner margin of the second folio, seems to be a large and broad pre-Caroline minuscule not here reproduced.
","Written presumably in North France. For provenance see next item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/270.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/270.jpg 271,1667,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,10,1547a,"Written at St Médard's abbey in Soissons at the order of Abbot Nomedius, also known as Numidius, who lived at the end of the seventh century; his dedication of the book to St Médard is seen in the title on fol. 4v. The manuscript was somewhat enlarged in the late eighth century with a text in 'Corbie' script (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/272)). It already belonged to the monastery of St Vaast at Arras around 1200, as may be seen from the ex-libris, saec. XII–XIII, on fol. 4.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67713",,"foll. 144 and 24",,http://belgica.kbr.be/nl/coll/ms/ms9850_52_nl.html,"Script is uncial of a late type by several hands: the simple down-strokes are sometimes spike-shaped; the second upright of **N** is here and there comma-shaped, recalling the Italian form; one scribe often transects the oblique of **Z** (foll. 101 ff.); **LL** run together. Slightly later corrections in half-uncial on foll. 126 and 130v. Some ninth-century and later probationes pennae on fol. 4.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/271,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/271,"Script is uncial of a late type by several hands: the simple down-strokes are sometimes spike-shaped; the second upright of N is here and there comma-shaped, recalling the Italian form; one scribe often transects the oblique of Z (foll. 101 ff.); LL run together. Slightly later corrections in half-uncial on foll. 126 and 130v. Some ninth-century and later probationes pennae on fol. 4.
","Written at St Médard's abbey in Soissons at the order of Abbot Nomedius, also known as Numidius, who lived at the end of the seventh century; his dedication of the book to St Médard is seen in the title on fol. 4v. The manuscript was somewhat enlarged in the late eighth century with a text in 'Corbie' script (see next item). It already belonged to the monastery of St Vaast at Arras around 1200, as may be seen from the ex-libris, saec. XII–XIII, on fol. 4.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/271.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/271.jpg 272,1668,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,10,1547b,"Written in the Corbie area, to judge by the script. For the history of the uncial manuscript of Caesarius for which these leaves serve as a supplement, see the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/271).",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Exhortatio ad Tenendam Caritatem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67714",,"fol. 140 ",,,"Script is a characteristic minuscule of the 'a-b type' (for other examples see CLA 6, p. xxv f.). The Nota Tironiana 'usque hic' is seen on fol. 142 and tenth-century entries on fol. 143v. A thirteenth century hand transcribed the first line of text on fol. 140.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 29](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/047_tav029a.pdf).",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/272,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/272,"Script is a characteristic minuscule of the 'a-b type' (for other examples see CLA 6, p. xxv f.). The Nota Tironiana 'usque hic' is seen on fol. 142 and tenth-century entries on fol. 143v. A thirteenth century hand transcribed the first line of text on fol. 140.
","Written in the Corbie area, to judge by the script. For the history of the uncial manuscript of Caesarius for which these leaves serve as a supplement, see the preceding item.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 29.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/272.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/272.jpg 273,1669,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1548,"Written presumably in North-east France or possibly in Belgium in a centre under Insular influence. It belonged to the abbey of St Peter at Ghent according to the ex-libris on fol. 3, at latest from 1200–1599 when Abbot Columban presented it to the Jesuit fathers of Antwerp (cf. the entry on fol. 3).",,,,"Sacramentarium: Canones; Libri Poenitentiales; De Officiis Ecclesiasticis; Liber Antiphonarius; Liber Sacramentorum Excarpsus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67715",,"foll. 7v and 90",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, some rather cursive with horned **o**, etc.: both open **a** and **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**, **n** and **N** (occasionally resembling **H**) are used; majuscule **S** also occurs in the minuscule; **i**-longa initially and subscript **i** are both frequent; ligatures include **nꞇ** (even in mid-word), **rp**, **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti), **xꞇ**. The entry 'de seruitio domni episcopi et archidiaconi' saec. IX or X is seen on fol. 89v. The manuscript has suffered from much use as well as from damp and reagent.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 741. ☛CLLA (2) no. 856, 1320.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/273,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/273,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, some rather cursive with horned o, etc.: both open a and a, d and ꝺ, n and N (occasionally resembling H) are used; majuscule S also occurs in the minuscule; i-longa initially and subscript i are both frequent; ligatures include nꞇ (even in mid-word), rp, ti ligature (for hard and soft ti), xꞇ. The entry 'de seruitio domni episcopi et archidiaconi' saec. IX or X is seen on fol. 89v. The manuscript has suffered from much use as well as from damp and reagent.
","Written presumably in North-east France or possibly in Belgium in a centre under Insular influence. It belonged to the abbey of St Peter at Ghent according to the ex-libris on fol. 3, at latest from 1200–1599 when Abbot Columban presented it to the Jesuit fathers of Antwerp (cf. the entry on fol. 3).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 741. ☛CLLA (2) no. 856, 1320.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/273.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/273.jpg 274,1671,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1549,"Written presumably in England. In the late Middle Ages the leaf was folded vertically with the recto outside and used as a jacket for a booklet of narrow size.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 11.10–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 67716",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **d** and **ꝺ**, **n** more frequent than **N** and **R** than **r**, and **S** regularly; the tail of **Ᵹ** ends in a small wedge. Minor eighth-century corrections.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/274,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/274,"Script is Anglo-Saxon majuscule with d and ꝺ, n more frequent than N and R than r, and S regularly; the tail of Ᵹ ends in a small wedge. Minor eighth-century corrections.
","Written presumably in England. In the late Middle Ages the leaf was folded vertically with the recto outside and used as a jacket for a booklet of narrow size.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/274.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/274.jpg 275,1672,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1550,"Written in an Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, centre on the Continent, to judge by the kind of skin used. The twelfth-century manuscript of Ailred of Rievaulx and Bernard of Clairvaux to which the surviving leaves are attached comes from the monastery of Alne. Later it formed no. 4629 in the Phillipps collection, whence it was acquired for the Bibliotheque Royale in 1888.",,,,"Biblia. Octateuchus (Vulgata, Idc 20.43–21.18, Rt 2.6–16, Act 2.6–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67717",,"foll. 138v and 139v",,,"Script is a compressed Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, majuscule **ꝺ** is used more frequently than **d**; **n** and **ꞅ** are regularly minuscule; **r** has both majuscule and minuscule forms; ligatures with **e** are frequent. The capitulatio on foll. 138r–v is in somewhat smaller script.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/275,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/275,"Script is a compressed Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, majuscule ꝺ is used more frequently than d; n and ꞅ are regularly minuscule; r has both majuscule and minuscule forms; ligatures with e are frequent. The capitulatio on foll. 138r–v is in somewhat smaller script.
","Written in an Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, centre on the Continent, to judge by the kind of skin used. The twelfth-century manuscript of Ailred of Rievaulx and Bernard of Clairvaux to which the surviving leaves are attached comes from the monastery of Alne. Later it formed no. 4629 in the Phillipps collection, whence it was acquired for the Bibliotheque Royale in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/275.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/275.jpg 276,1673,"Mixed Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,10,1551,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment. Rewritten in the thirteenth century with the passions of the apostles and St Margaret.",,,,"Passiones Apostolorum (S Thomas, SS Petrus and Paulus, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67718",,"fol. 91v",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: **a** has the majuscule form but open at the top; both **ꝺ** and **d** occur; also **r** and **R**. Script is most clearly seen on fol. 91v, in part not rewritten, and on fol. 60v in the inner margin.","☛Gamber, CLLA 278 g.",3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/276,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/276,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: a has the majuscule form but open at the top; both ꝺ and d occur; also r and R. Script is most clearly seen on fol. 91v, in part not rewritten, and on fol. 60v in the inner margin.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment. Rewritten in the thirteenth century with the passions of the apostles and St Margaret.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 278 g.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/276.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/276.jpg 277,1674,Minuscule,VIII²,751,800,10,1552,"Written presumably in West France. Later history unknown.",,,,"Eusebius, Interpretationes Nominum Hebraicorum; Eusebius-Hieronymus, Expositio Locorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67719",,"present rectos of both folios shown",,,"Script approaches Caroline minuscule and is reminiscent of early Tours: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **c** at the beginning of words is often tall; initial **i** is somewhat elongated; both **N** and **n** are used; many ligatures, especially with **ꞇ**. A crude minuscule hand saec. IX entered verses 5–10 of John XI in the margins of foll. 62r–v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 749a.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/277,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/277,"Script approaches Caroline minuscule and is reminiscent of early Tours: open a is more frequent than a; c at the beginning of words is often tall; initial i is somewhat elongated; both N and n are used; many ligatures, especially with ꞇ. A crude minuscule hand saec. IX entered verses 5–10 of John XI in the margins of foll. 62r–v.
","Written presumably in West France. Later history unknown.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 749a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/277.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/277.jpg 278,1675,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1553,"Written at the command of Charlemagne while still king 'ex autentico Petri archidiaconi', according to the stately inscription in the title on fol. 1 (which seems original here and not copied from an exemplar), and quite possibly in the Palace School, to judge by the beautiful script and the use of vellum. Belonged later to Stavelot: cf. the ex-libris on the inside of the front cover (saec. XV) and on fol. l (saec. XVIII). At the sale of the Stavelot manuscripts in 1847 our volume was acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose collection it was listed as nos. 12458 and 12362.",,,,"Petrus Archidiaconus, Liber de Quaestiunculis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67720",,"foll. 1, 1v, and 120",,,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a**, **d**, and **n** are the normal forms, but open **a**, **ꝺ**, and **N** are also used; **r** with the shaft going below the line is seen on foll. 78 ff.; **y** is sometimes dotted and standing on the line sometimes v-shaped with hair-line below; ligatures with **r** are frequent; a large half-uncial **Ᵹ** is seen at the beginning of a sentence on fol. 19. Corrections in contemporary and ninth-century minuscule. An anthem with neumes (saec. X) some verses (saec. IX) and sketches for initials (saec. XIII) are all entered on fol. 147.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 755. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/278,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/278,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule by several hands: a, d, and n are the normal forms, but open a, ꝺ, and N are also used; r with the shaft going below the line is seen on foll. 78 ff.; y is sometimes dotted and standing on the line sometimes v-shaped with hair-line below; ligatures with r are frequent; a large half-uncial Ᵹ is seen at the beginning of a sentence on fol. 19. Corrections in contemporary and ninth-century minuscule. An anthem with neumes (saec. X) some verses (saec. IX) and sketches for initials (saec. XIII) are all entered on fol. 147.
","Written at the command of Charlemagne while still king 'ex autentico Petri archidiaconi', according to the stately inscription in the title on fol. 1 (which seems original here and not copied from an exemplar), and quite possibly in the Palace School, to judge by the beautiful script and the use of vellum. Belonged later to Stavelot: cf. the ex-libris on the inside of the front cover (saec. XV) and on fol. l (saec. XVIII). At the sale of the Stavelot manuscripts in 1847 our volume was acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose collection it was listed as nos. 12458 and 12362.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 755.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/278.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/278.jpg 279,1676,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,10,1554,"Written at Corbie or in its vicinity. Belonged to the monastery of St Hubert in the Ardennes, as is seen from the seventeenth century ex-libris on fol. 1.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67721",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is throughout a characteristic a-b minuscule (see CLA 6, p. xxv f.): **a** occasionally has the Caroline form and the suprascript form in ligature with the following letter also occurs. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX; an interlinear transcription saec. XI on fol. 154v. Noteworthy is the presence of both Visigothic and Insular symptoms.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/279,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/279,"Script is throughout a characteristic a-b minuscule (see CLA 6, p. xxv f.): a occasionally has the Caroline form and the suprascript form in ligature with the following letter also occurs. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX; an interlinear transcription saec. XI on fol. 154v. Noteworthy is the presence of both Visigothic and Insular symptoms.
","Written at Corbie or in its vicinity. Belonged to the monastery of St Hubert in the Ardennes, as is seen from the seventeenth century ex-libris on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/279.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/279.jpg 280,1677,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,10,1555,"Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Liège: the Sedulius manuscript to which our leaf was formerly attached contains on fol. 103v the thirteenth century ex-libris 'Liber ecclie lacobi de leodio'.",3,,,"Regula Sanctimonialium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67722",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is late uncial with **B**, **M**, **P**, and **R** rather broad; the right stroke of **ꝺ** is broken and the upper part resembles the stem of an apple; the second upright of **N** is more or less comma-shaped; the two strokes of **X** cross each other high; a straight vertical stroke serves as both the left wing and the descender of **Y**. Minor corrections ca. saec. IX. Some twelfth century scribbles on both recto and verso.","☛F. Masai, 'Fragment en onciale d'une règle monastique inconnue démarquant celle de S.Benoît' [Scriptorium 2 (1948) 215–20](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1948_num_2_2_2154). ☛F. Masai, 'Deux éditions d'un fragment en onciale d'une règle de moniales' [Scriptorium 5 (1951) 123–124](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1951_num_5_1_2345).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/280,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/280,"Script is late uncial with B, M, P, and R rather broad; the right stroke of ꝺ is broken and the upper part resembles the stem of an apple; the second upright of N is more or less comma-shaped; the two strokes of X cross each other high; a straight vertical stroke serves as both the left wing and the descender of Y. Minor corrections ca. saec. IX. Some twelfth century scribbles on both recto and verso.
","Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance Liège: the Sedulius manuscript to which our leaf was formerly attached contains on fol. 103v the thirteenth century ex-libris 'Liber ecclie lacobi de leodio'.
","☛F. Masai, 'Fragment en onciale d'une règle monastique inconnue démarquant celle de S.Benoît' Scriptorium 2 (1948) 215–20. ☛F. Masai, 'Deux éditions d'un fragment en onciale d'une règle de moniales' Scriptorium 5 (1951) 123–124.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/280.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/280.jpg 281,1678,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,10,1556,"Origin uncertain, most likely a centre in South France (Septimania). The volume of Aldhelm and Sedulius, saec. XI–XII, in which our bifolium serves as fly-leaves, belonged to St Peter's in Ghent; cf. the following entry in the lower margin of fol. 1: 'Lio sci Petri Gandēsis ecclie. Seruanti benedictio, tollenti maledictio. Qui abstulerit folium uel curtauerit anathema sit.'",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (147, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67723",,"fol. 98 ",,,"Script is a well-formed, regular half-uncial: the bow of **a** is full; **G** is regularly uncial; the shoulder of **r** is wavy; ligatures of **ae** and **ui** are occasionally used at or near line-end. Minor corrections by a somewhat later hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/281,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/281,"Script is a well-formed, regular half-uncial: the bow of a is full; G is regularly uncial; the shoulder of r is wavy; ligatures of ae and ui are occasionally used at or near line-end. Minor corrections by a somewhat later hand.
","Origin uncertain, most likely a centre in South France (Septimania). The volume of Aldhelm and Sedulius, saec. XI–XII, in which our bifolium serves as fly-leaves, belonged to St Peter's in Ghent; cf. the following entry in the lower margin of fol. 1: 'Lio sci Petri Gandēsis ecclie. Seruanti benedictio, tollenti maledictio. Qui abstulerit folium uel curtauerit anathema sit.'
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/281.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/281.jpg 282,1679,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1557,"Written presumably in Ireland. The tenth-century volume for which our fragment serves as fly-leaf formerly belonged to the monastery of St Martin on the Moselle (cf. the ex-libris saec. XII at the top of fol. 1v).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Iob 33.24–34.22).",Parchment,,,"TM 67724",,"present recto is shown",,,"Script is a not very regular Irish majuscule: **d** and **r** are regularly minuscule, **n** mostly so; **S** is usually majuscule and rather tall and top-heavy; **R** seems reserved for initials; the second curve of **a** is sometimes considerably extended; the tail of **Ᵹ** sweeps boldly to the right; **y** has the characteristic Irish form with both branches curving to the right; the bows of **b** and **p** are often inflated, those of **e** and **o** are usually compressed. Probationes pennae in Continental minuscule saec. X on the recto.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/282,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/282,"Script is a not very regular Irish majuscule: d and r are regularly minuscule, n mostly so; S is usually majuscule and rather tall and top-heavy; R seems reserved for initials; the second curve of a is sometimes considerably extended; the tail of Ᵹ sweeps boldly to the right; y has the characteristic Irish form with both branches curving to the right; the bows of b and p are often inflated, those of e and o are usually compressed. Probationes pennae in Continental minuscule saec. X on the recto.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The tenth-century volume for which our fragment serves as fly-leaf formerly belonged to the monastery of St Martin on the Moselle (cf. the ex-libris saec. XII at the top of fol. 1v).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/282.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/282.jpg 283,1680,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,10,1558,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre with Northumbrian connections on the Continent or possibly in Northumbria itself. The tradition that the manuscript was written by the two saints Harlindis and Reglindis, the founders of the nunnery of Aldeneik, is hardly tenable in view of the inscription on fol. 128v which reads: 'finite uolumine deposco ut quicumque ista legerint pro laboratore huius operis depraecentur'. The manuscript may, however, have belonged to this monastery from a very early date. It is now preserved with the rest of the treasures of Aldeneik in the neighbouring church of St Catherine at Maaseik.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Codex Eyckensis. Maaseik Gospels.",,"TM 67725",,"foll. 14 and 116",,http://depot.lias.be/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?change_lng=en&dps_custom_att_1=staff&dps_pid=IE5258806&mirador=true,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements recalling the Karlsruhe Gregory (CLA [8.1095](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1561)): in some parts of the manuscript both **a** and open **a** are used, in other parts only **a**; **ꝺ** and **d** occur; **n** is mostly minuscule; **r** and **ꞅ** are regularly minuscule: the ligatures **ei** and **ꞅi** (both with the **i** hanging down as a semicircle) are frequent. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII, by several hands.","☛Provenance: Echternach. v. M. C. Ferrari e.a., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 74.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/283,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/283,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements recalling the Karlsruhe Gregory (CLA 8.1095): in some parts of the manuscript both a and open a are used, in other parts only a; ꝺ and d occur; n is mostly minuscule; r and ꞅ are regularly minuscule: the ligatures ei and ꞅi (both with the i hanging down as a semicircle) are frequent. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII, by several hands.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre with Northumbrian connections on the Continent or possibly in Northumbria itself. The tradition that the manuscript was written by the two saints Harlindis and Reglindis, the founders of the nunnery of Aldeneik, is hardly tenable in view of the inscription on fol. 128v which reads: 'finite uolumine deposco ut quicumque ista legerint pro laboratore huius operis depraecentur'. The manuscript may, however, have belonged to this monastery from a very early date. It is now preserved with the rest of the treasures of Aldeneik in the neighbouring church of St Catherine at Maaseik.
","☛Provenance: Echternach. v. M. C. Ferrari e.a., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 74.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/283.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/283.jpg 284,1681,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,10,1559,"Written presumably in a continental scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence, possibly in the scriptorium which produced the volume of the Gospels with which the leaves are now bound. For provenance see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/283).",,,,"Eusebius, Canones Evangeliorum.",Parchment,"Codex Eyckensis. Maaseik Gospels.",,"TM 67726",,"fol. 5 ",,http://depot.lias.be/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?change_lng=en&dps_custom_att_1=staff&dps_pid=IE5258806&mirador=true,,,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/284,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/284,,"Written presumably in a continental scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence, possibly in the scriptorium which produced the volume of the Gospels with which the leaves are now bound. For provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/284.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/284.jpg 285,1682,Uncial,VIII,701,800,10,1560,"Written probably in a centre under English (most likely Northumbrian) influence, to judge by the script. The sixteenth-century account book from which our leaf was removed comes from Blaimont (cf. the entry 'Blaimont' in the upper margin of the recto), a chapel provided for by the abbey of Waulsort.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 73.13–74.4). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67727",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is imitative uncial, showing Insular influence in its use of wedged-shaped finials.","☛G. Despy, 'Note sur un fragment de psautier insulaire du VIIIe siècle conservé aux Archives de l'État à Namur' [Scriptorium 9 (1955) 109–111](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1955_num_9_1_2592).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/285,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/285,"Script is imitative uncial, showing Insular influence in its use of wedged-shaped finials.
","Written probably in a centre under English (most likely Northumbrian) influence, to judge by the script. The sixteenth-century account book from which our leaf was removed comes from Blaimont (cf. the entry 'Blaimont' in the upper margin of the recto), a chapel provided for by the abbey of Waulsort.
","☛G. Despy, 'Note sur un fragment de psautier insulaire du VIIIe siècle conservé aux Archives de l'État à Namur' Scriptorium 9 (1955) 109–111.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/285.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/285.jpg 286,1683,Uncial,VII²,651,700,10,1561,"Written presumably in France. In the fifteenth century the leaves were apparently at Brogne, to judge by the entries on fol. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 23.28–24.7, 25.26–44).",Parchment,,,"TM 67728",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a bold uncial of a late type; the bow of **A** is pointed; **B** is somewhat larger than other letters and its lower bow protrudes to the right; **G** has a long curved tail; **T** often extends over the neighbouring letters; V-shaped **U** and the ligatures **RV**, **RVNT**, and **US** occur at line-ends. An interlinear correction in uncial saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2. The liturgical note 'in marterum', saec. VIII, seems to be in Insular majuscule with **n** and **R** (fol. 1). Rough fifteenth-century entries on fol. 1 refer to the monastery of Brogne.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/286,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/286,"Script is a bold uncial of a late type; the bow of A is pointed; B is somewhat larger than other letters and its lower bow protrudes to the right; G has a long curved tail; T often extends over the neighbouring letters; V-shaped U and the ligatures RV, RVNT, and US occur at line-ends. An interlinear correction in uncial saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2. The liturgical note 'in marterum', saec. VIII, seems to be in Insular majuscule with n and R (fol. 1). Rough fifteenth-century entries on fol. 1 refer to the monastery of Brogne.
","Written presumably in France. In the fifteenth century the leaves were apparently at Brogne, to judge by the entries on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/286.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/286.jpg 287,1684,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1562,"Origin uncertain. Later history also unknown. The fragment had been used for a book-binding.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (36).",Parchment,,,"TM 67729",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is a somewhat crude early Caroline minuscule with long thickish ascenders: both **oc** **a** and **a** are used; the head of **g** is small, **p** here and there has a Merovingian look; the lower-left limb of **x** turns in; **y** is short and dotted.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3568. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/287,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/287,"Script is a somewhat crude early Caroline minuscule with long thickish ascenders: both oc a and a are used; the head of g is small, p here and there has a Merovingian look; the lower-left limb of x turns in; y is short and dotted.
","Origin uncertain. Later history also unknown. The fragment had been used for a book-binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3568.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/287.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/287.jpg 288,1686,"Early Caroline Minuscule and Uncial","VIII ex",776,800,10,1563,"Written in South-east Bavaria, for a church where St Zeno was specially venerated, as is suggested by the special office devoted to him (fol. 78). A date prior to 794 is suggested by two names in the list on fol. 83"": 'fastraat regina', who died in 794, and 'adaluni episcopus', whose rule at Regensburg began that same year. The manuscript was acquired in 1776 by the Prague canon Johannes Matthaeus Schweiberer from the estate of Johann Nepomuk Hübner.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67730",,"foll. 29 and 85v",,,"Script of the main part is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; uncial **ꝺ** and **N** occur here and there; the shoulder of **r** occasionally extends over the following letter; **v** occurs at line-ends; rather numerous ligatures include **ant**, **fi** (in the cursive form), **rv**; suprascript **a** is sometimes attached to a preceding **n** (fol. 16); singular, fanciful cursive is used on foll. 11v, 13v, 14v, 29v, 115v for the final words of liturgical clausulae (per dominum nostrum, etc.). Majuscule of predominantly uncial character, but with **D**, **E**, **G**, **Q**, and **V** occasionally capital, is used for foll. 85–90. Two lists of names, presumably of benefactors, and liturgical formulae were entered in minuscule saec. VIII–IX on fol. 83v, originally left blank. The bifolium A/B, containing theological matter, is an almost contemporary addition. An entry in early ninth-century minuscule on fol. 107 (col. 2, lines 1–6) is by the same hand as an addition on fol. 145v of the part treated in the [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/290); the two parts were presumably united at an early date. Old High German glosses were scratched in on many leaves.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/288,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/288,"Script of the main part is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; uncial ꝺ and N occur here and there; the shoulder of r occasionally extends over the following letter; v occurs at line-ends; rather numerous ligatures include ant, fi (in the cursive form), rv; suprascript a is sometimes attached to a preceding n (fol. 16); singular, fanciful cursive is used on foll. 11v, 13v, 14v, 29v, 115v for the final words of liturgical clausulae (per dominum nostrum, etc.). Majuscule of predominantly uncial character, but with D, E, G, Q, and V occasionally capital, is used for foll. 85–90. Two lists of names, presumably of benefactors, and liturgical formulae were entered in minuscule saec. VIII–IX on fol. 83v, originally left blank. The bifolium A/B, containing theological matter, is an almost contemporary addition. An entry in early ninth-century minuscule on fol. 107 (col. 2, lines 1–6) is by the same hand as an addition on fol. 145v of the part treated in the next item; the two parts were presumably united at an early date. Old High German glosses were scratched in on many leaves.
","Written in South-east Bavaria, for a church where St Zeno was specially venerated, as is suggested by the special office devoted to him (fol. 78). A date prior to 794 is suggested by two names in the list on fol. 83": 'fastraat regina', who died in 794, and 'adaluni episcopus', whose rule at Regensburg began that same year. The manuscript was acquired in 1776 by the Prague canon Johannes Matthaeus Schweiberer from the estate of Johann Nepomuk Hübner.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/288.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/288.jpg 290,1687,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1564,"Written in South-east Bavaria, in the same scriptorium as Munich Universitätsbibl. MS 4° 3 and presumably also in the same place as the Sacramentary with which our leaves were bound apparently from a very early date. For later history of the volume, see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/288).",,,,"Theodorus, Poenitentiale (fragm.); Gregorius Magnus, Canones.",Parchment,,,"TM 67731",,"fol. 143 ",,,"Script is a rather clumsy and not very regular early Caroline minuscule by one of the scribes of Munich, Universitatsbibl. MS 4° 3 (CLA [9.1345](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1846)): **a** has only one form; the bows of **d** and **g** are closed with a horizontal stroke; Insular **Ᵹ** (in ligature and in the abbreviation **Ᵹg.** for Gregorius) and uncial **G** also occur; **y** with the right branch short and almost lying on the line resembles an Insular form; capital **Q** at beginning of sentences has a forked tail; the manuscript seems to have been copied from an Insular exemplar. Contemporary German glosses are written by a hand of similar type. Liturgical lections entered on fol. 145v are in part by an early ninth-century hand to be seen also on fol. 107 of the Sacramentary treated in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/288); the two manuscripts were presumably bound together already then; other lections are scratched in with a stylus on foll. 145v–146.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/290,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/290,"Script is a rather clumsy and not very regular early Caroline minuscule by one of the scribes of Munich, Universitatsbibl. MS 4° 3 (CLA 9.1345): a has only one form; the bows of d and g are closed with a horizontal stroke; Insular Ᵹ (in ligature and in the abbreviation Ᵹg. for Gregorius) and uncial G also occur; y with the right branch short and almost lying on the line resembles an Insular form; capital Q at beginning of sentences has a forked tail; the manuscript seems to have been copied from an Insular exemplar. Contemporary German glosses are written by a hand of similar type. Liturgical lections entered on fol. 145v are in part by an early ninth-century hand to be seen also on fol. 107 of the Sacramentary treated in the preceding item; the two manuscripts were presumably bound together already then; other lections are scratched in with a stylus on foll. 145v–146.
","Written in South-east Bavaria, in the same scriptorium as Munich Universitätsbibl. MS 4° 3 and presumably also in the same place as the Sacramentary with which our leaves were bound apparently from a very early date. For later history of the volume, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/290.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/290.jpg 291,1688,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1565,"Written probably at Regensburg, to judge by the script. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in the medieval binding of Prague MS III. F. 6, the famous twelfth-century Homiliarium Opatovicense.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps 89, 91–93).",Parchment,,,"TM 67732",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a distinctly roundish type recalling that of several early Regensburg manuscripts (cf. CLA [9.1288](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1781), etc.): **a** has two forms; ligatures include **nt** and **or**.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/291,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/291,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a distinctly roundish type recalling that of several early Regensburg manuscripts (cf. CLA 9.1288, etc.): a has two forms; ligatures include nt and or.
","Written probably at Regensburg, to judge by the script. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in the medieval binding of Prague MS III. F. 6, the famous twelfth-century Homiliarium Opatovicense.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/291.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/291.jpg 292,1690,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1566,"Written in a continental scriptorium under Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, influence. Used for rewriting with biblical and other glosses in the late-twelfth century, apparently at the Premonstratensian abbey of Weissenau in Württemberg; cf. the Weissenau ex-libris saec. XIII on fol. 57v and saec. XVIII on fol. 1. After the dissolution of the monastery the manuscript came into the possession of Count Francis of Sternberg, whose library was acquired by Prince John Lobkowitz in 1830. In 1930 the Prague Lobkowitz Library was bought by the Czech State.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67733",,"No image given, since almost no script is visible",,,"Script, which is hardly visible, seems to be pre-Caroline minuscule under Insular influence: **Ᵹ** seems flat-topped; the stem of **r** goes below the line; **ꞅt** are in ligature.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/292,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/292,"Script, which is hardly visible, seems to be pre-Caroline minuscule under Insular influence: Ᵹ seems flat-topped; the stem of r goes below the line; ꞅt are in ligature.
","Written in a continental scriptorium under Insular, presumably Anglo-Saxon, influence. Used for rewriting with biblical and other glosses in the late-twelfth century, apparently at the Premonstratensian abbey of Weissenau in Württemberg; cf. the Weissenau ex-libris saec. XIII on fol. 57v and saec. XVIII on fol. 1. After the dissolution of the monastery the manuscript came into the possession of Count Francis of Sternberg, whose library was acquired by Prince John Lobkowitz in 1830. In 1930 the Prague Lobkowitz Library was bought by the Czech State.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/292.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/292.jpg 293,1691,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1567,"Written apparently in England, presumably in the South to judge by the ornamentation. It was in Germany certainly by the tenth century. Later used for book-binding. Seventeenth-century stampillas of the Lobkowitz library at Roudnice stand on foll. 1–2v.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc 14.3–21, 14.62–15.10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67734",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is Insular majuscule of a rather compressed type verging on minuscule: **d** is mostly minuscule and **n** regularly so; majuscule **R** prevails; majuscule **S** occurs only after minuscule **ꞅ** (puꞅsillum, diꞅcipuliꞅ suiꞅ, etc.); both open **a** and **a** are used. A correction on fol. 1v and liturgical lection-marks in the Passion are in tenth-century German minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/293,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/293,"Script is Insular majuscule of a rather compressed type verging on minuscule: d is mostly minuscule and n regularly so; majuscule R prevails; majuscule S occurs only after minuscule ꞅ (puꞅsillum, diꞅcipuliꞅ suiꞅ, etc.); both open a and a are used. A correction on fol. 1v and liturgical lection-marks in the Passion are in tenth-century German minuscule.
","Written apparently in England, presumably in the South to judge by the ornamentation. It was in Germany certainly by the tenth century. Later used for book-binding. Seventeenth-century stampillas of the Lobkowitz library at Roudnice stand on foll. 1–2v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/293.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/293.jpg 294,1692,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,10,1568,"Written most likely in South France and doubtless in a centre under Visigothic influence, to judge from some abbreviations, spellings, and ligatures. Belonged to the Benedictine monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg in the later Middle Ages; it still has the characteristic jacket with the title and shelf-mark in the familiar hand of the St Emmeram librarian Dionysius Menger, who in his catalogue of 1500–01 (Munich, Staatsbibl. CLM 14675, fol. 45) describes the manuscript as follows: 'item Canones penitenciales in bona magna scriptura antiquissima et incipit De uiciis gule vel ebrietate.'",,,,"Ps- Gregorius Magnus, Responsa ad Augustinum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67735",,"entirety of fol. 61v shown ",,,"Script is a late uncial of a French type slightly recalling that of the Gregory of Tours, Paris Lat. 17654 (CLA [5.670](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)), and related manuscripts; ascenders and descenders are rather short; short horizontals and upper curves are often forked; the bows of **B** do not touch; **FF** and **LL** run together; **V** occurs suprascript; various letters occur in ligature with **U**; noteworthy is the ligature **ON** which is a Visigothic symptom (cf. CLA [1.111](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/125); [2.263](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/582); [5.678](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1064)). The last word on fol. 41 is partly in minuscule: hABUerit.","☛Meens, Peritia 14, p. 9–12 argues the MS was written in northern France.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/294,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/294,"Script is a late uncial of a French type slightly recalling that of the Gregory of Tours, Paris Lat. 17654 (CLA 5.670), and related manuscripts; ascenders and descenders are rather short; short horizontals and upper curves are often forked; the bows of B do not touch; FF and LL run together; V occurs suprascript; various letters occur in ligature with U; noteworthy is the ligature ON which is a Visigothic symptom (cf. CLA 1.111; 2.263; 5.678). The last word on fol. 41 is partly in minuscule: hABUerit.
","Written most likely in South France and doubtless in a centre under Visigothic influence, to judge from some abbreviations, spellings, and ligatures. Belonged to the Benedictine monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg in the later Middle Ages; it still has the characteristic jacket with the title and shelf-mark in the familiar hand of the St Emmeram librarian Dionysius Menger, who in his catalogue of 1500–01 (Munich, Staatsbibl. CLM 14675, fol. 45) describes the manuscript as follows: 'item Canones penitenciales in bona magna scriptura antiquissima et incipit De uiciis gule vel ebrietate.'
","☛Meens, Peritia 14, p. 9–12 argues the MS was written in northern France.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/294.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/294.jpg 295,1695,"Square Capital",IV,301,400,10,1569,"Origin uncertain, in all probability Italy. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The fragment could not be located in 1960.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (2.16–23, 2.39–46), with glosses.",Parchment,,,"TM 62959",,"verso taken from Oxy. Pap., VIII, pl. VI",,,"Script is Square capital, not of the usual large size; many letters have serifs; the first and last strokes of **M** are inclined. Marginalia on the recto, apparently by the original scribe, are in script described as half-uncial. A corrector added a marginal note in darker ink on the verso.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 10 (date IV ex).",,,,3,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/295,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/295,"Script is Square capital, not of the usual large size; many letters have serifs; the first and last strokes of M are inclined. Marginalia on the recto, apparently by the original scribe, are in script described as half-uncial. A corrector added a marginal note in darker ink on the verso.
","Origin uncertain, in all probability Italy. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The fragment could not be located in 1960.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 10 (date IV ex).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/295.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/295.jpg 296,1696,Cursive,"IV vel V",301,500,10,1570,"Written doubtless in Egypt, perhaps by a schoolmaster. Provenance unknown. The leaf could not be located in 1960.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (3.444–68), with Greek translation.",Parchment,,,"TM 62962",,"No facsimile is known to exist",,,"Script is cursive by a practised hand, with some resemblance, both in general aspect and in individual letters, to the accompanying Greek script: **d** and Greek **δ** are identical; **n** and Greek **ν** both have the **N** form (testibus MM. Guéraud and Jouguet)","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 15 (date V in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 6. ☛Formerly Cairo, Collection Fouad 202. ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 72044.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/296,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/296,"Script is cursive by a practised hand, with some resemblance, both in general aspect and in individual letters, to the accompanying Greek script: d and Greek δ are identical; n and Greek ν both have the N form (testibus MM. Guéraud and Jouguet)
","Written doubtless in Egypt, perhaps by a schoolmaster. Provenance unknown. The leaf could not be located in 1960.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 15 (date V in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 6. ☛Formerly Cairo, Collection Fouad 202. ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 72044.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/296.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/296.jpg 297,1698,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,10,1571,"Written at Tours, in the centre which produced the Paris Eugippius, N. A. Lat. 1575, Épinal 149 (68), Cologne Dombibliothek 98, Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 86, and Leiden Voss. Lat. Qu. 63 (CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1069); [6.762](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1170); [8.1157](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1628); [9.1394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1898); [10.1584](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/313); and [7.992](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1458)). Was still at St Martin's of Tours in the time of Montfaucon (†1741). It disappeared from Tours presumably during the French Revolution. The curious binding of sixth-century Greek papyrus leaves of St Ephrem attached to parchment leaves containing a tax list in Merovingian cursive, which still covered the manuscript when Montfaucon saw it, later formed Phillipps MS 28967 and has since been acquired by Messrs Robinson of London.",,47.3941,0.6848,"Philippus Presbyter, Expositio in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 67736",,"foll. 3v and 171 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a Tours variety of pre-Caroline minuscule, obviously in a transition stage, and mostly of the comely roundish type seen also in Epinal 149 (68) and the group mentioned below: open **a** is the rule except in one hand in which **a** prevails (an uncial **A** also occurs with the bow prolonged in a thorn-like extension-seen in early Northumbrian manuscripts; cf. CLA [2.194b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510)); **c** often rises above the line; **d**, **g**, and **n** are frequently in the uncial form (**Ᵹ** also occurs); **i**-longa is used initially; open **q** occurs; many ligatures, including **at**, **ri**, **sti**, **te**, **tu**, and **ti** for the hard and soft ti; also **mi**, **ni**, an Insular feature. Contemporary marginalia, some in red uncial, many in Notae Tironianae, and some in greenish ink. The corrector's entry 'requisitum est' in Notae Tironianae is seen after quire-marks (foll. 8v, 57v, 97v), it is a feature of Tours manuscripts.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 28967.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/297,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/297,"Script, by several hands, is a Tours variety of pre-Caroline minuscule, obviously in a transition stage, and mostly of the comely roundish type seen also in Epinal 149 (68) and the group mentioned below: open a is the rule except in one hand in which a prevails (an uncial A also occurs with the bow prolonged in a thorn-like extension-seen in early Northumbrian manuscripts; cf. CLA 2.194b); c often rises above the line; d, g, and n are frequently in the uncial form (Ᵹ also occurs); i-longa is used initially; open q occurs; many ligatures, including at, ri, sti, te, tu, and ti for the hard and soft ti; also mi, ni, an Insular feature. Contemporary marginalia, some in red uncial, many in Notae Tironianae, and some in greenish ink. The corrector's entry 'requisitum est' in Notae Tironianae is seen after quire-marks (foll. 8v, 57v, 97v), it is a feature of Tours manuscripts.
","Written at Tours, in the centre which produced the Paris Eugippius, N. A. Lat. 1575, Épinal 149 (68), Cologne Dombibliothek 98, Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 86, and Leiden Voss. Lat. Qu. 63 (CLA 5.682; 6.762; 8.1157; 9.1394; 10.1584; and 7.992). Was still at St Martin's of Tours in the time of Montfaucon (†1741). It disappeared from Tours presumably during the French Revolution. The curious binding of sixth-century Greek papyrus leaves of St Ephrem attached to parchment leaves containing a tax list in Merovingian cursive, which still covered the manuscript when Montfaucon saw it, later formed Phillipps MS 28967 and has since been acquired by Messrs Robinson of London.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 28967.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/297.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/297.jpg 298,1700,Minuscule,VIII²,751,800,10,1572a,"Written in some centre in Northern France, perhaps in the same scriptorium as Berlin Phill. 1743 and Kassel Theol. 4° 10 (cf. also Leiden, Univ.-Bibl. Bibl. Publ. Lat. 114) which come from Rheims and were probably written there. Later history of the manuscript unknown. Closely related in text to Paris Lat. 1451 (CLA [5.528](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/885)).",,,,"Collectio Canonum 'S Mauri'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67737",,"foll. 182v, 172, and 171v",,,"Script of the main hand is a rather roundish almost Caroline minuscule of a transition period, still permitting cursive ligatures which become more numerous when space is short at the end of paragraphs: **a** has two forms; **u** near line-end is often suprascript and cup-shaped; **ti** ligature is used for the hard sound; the hand on foll. 157 and 172 is more compressed; the curious hand on foll. 181v, 182v, 183v ff., 186v, 189, 190 is cursive minuscule of Merovingian type, resembling some hands in Berlin Phill. 1743 and Kassel Theol. 4° 10 (CLA [8.1060](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1520), [1141](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1612)) with which it shares a peculiar **z** that descends below the line and has a horizontal tag to the right. Some late eighth-century additions are seen on foll. 1 and 82v. The Tironian nota for 'subscripsit' occurs several times in the list of subscriptions on fol. 156. Minor corrections in ninth-century minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1442a. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/298,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/298,"Script of the main hand is a rather roundish almost Caroline minuscule of a transition period, still permitting cursive ligatures which become more numerous when space is short at the end of paragraphs: a has two forms; u near line-end is often suprascript and cup-shaped; ti ligature is used for the hard sound; the hand on foll. 157 and 172 is more compressed; the curious hand on foll. 181v, 182v, 183v ff., 186v, 189, 190 is cursive minuscule of Merovingian type, resembling some hands in Berlin Phill. 1743 and Kassel Theol. 4° 10 (CLA 8.1060, 1141) with which it shares a peculiar z that descends below the line and has a horizontal tag to the right. Some late eighth-century additions are seen on foll. 1 and 82v. The Tironian nota for 'subscripsit' occurs several times in the list of subscriptions on fol. 156. Minor corrections in ninth-century minuscule.
","Written in some centre in Northern France, perhaps in the same scriptorium as Berlin Phill. 1743 and Kassel Theol. 4° 10 (cf. also Leiden, Univ.-Bibl. Bibl. Publ. Lat. 114) which come from Rheims and were probably written there. Later history of the manuscript unknown. Closely related in text to Paris Lat. 1451 (CLA 5.528).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1442a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/298.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/298.jpg 299,1701,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1572b,"Written doubtless in a French centre.",,,,"Canones; Names of the patres of the Nicaea council, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67738",,"foll. 53v and 34v",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with two forms of several letters: **a** and open **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**, **g** and **G**, **n** and **N**; ascenders are rather long.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/299,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/299,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with two forms of several letters: a and open a, d and ꝺ, g and G, n and N; ascenders are rather long.
","Written doubtless in a French centre.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/299.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/299.jpg 300,1702,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1573,"Written apparently at Corbie or in its vicinity, to judge by the script, The manuscript belonged to Janus Rutgersius in the seventeenth century.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Servius, Commentarius in Vergilii Aeneidos (5–11).",Parchment,,,"TM 67739",,"foll. 18, 37, 53, and 103v",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by numerous hands in various stages of development: some (foll 34 ff.) are of the Maurdramnus type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); one scribe makes frequent use of **N**; **y** is v-shaped and dotted. Marginal notes by a contemporary hand. A few Notae Tironianae (foll. 19v, 102v, etc.). Corrections by different hands saec. IX and XII.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/300,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/300,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by numerous hands in various stages of development: some (foll 34 ff.) are of the Maurdramnus type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); one scribe makes frequent use of N; y is v-shaped and dotted. Marginal notes by a contemporary hand. A few Notae Tironianae (foll. 19v, 102v, etc.). Corrections by different hands saec. IX and XII.
","Written apparently at Corbie or in its vicinity, to judge by the script, The manuscript belonged to Janus Rutgersius in the seventeenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/300.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/300.jpg 301,1703,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1574,"Written presumably in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent, to judge by the type of liturgical book, the biblical text used, and the manuscript's later history. Rewritten in a French scriptorium with Irish connections. Belonged in the eighteenth century to a Hamburg parson named Barthold Nicolaus Krohn.",,,,"Lectionarium Officii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67740",,"fol. 13, recto and verso ",,,"Script is Insular compressed majuscule verging on minuscule and doubtless Irish. Legible verses are Mt 25.34 (with a typically Irish reading) and Ps 109.4.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 50 no. 13. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2140.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/301,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/301,"Script is Insular compressed majuscule verging on minuscule and doubtless Irish. Legible verses are Mt 25.34 (with a typically Irish reading) and Ps 109.4.
","Written presumably in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent, to judge by the type of liturgical book, the biblical text used, and the manuscript's later history. Rewritten in a French scriptorium with Irish connections. Belonged in the eighteenth century to a Hamburg parson named Barthold Nicolaus Krohn.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 50 no. 13. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2140.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/301.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/301.jpg 302,1704,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1575,"Written in France and probably in the North-east, to judge by script and initials, and in part (foll. 129–158v) by Gaustmarus who ends with two Greek alphabets and the subscription: ΓΑωCΘΗΑΡωC ΦΕΚΗΘ ΗCΘΟ ΓΡΕΚΟ (i.e. 'Gaustmarus fecit isto greco'). The manuscript belonged in the eighteenth century to a Hamburg parson, Barthold Nicolaus Krohn, upon whose death it came into the possession of the Leiden library.",,,,"Glossaria Latina 'Affatim', et alia; Ciceronis Synonyma; Notae Lugdunenses.",Parchment,,,"TM 67741",,"foll. 54 and 148v ",,,"Script is a small, sometimes even tiny, Caroline minuscule by several hands: most scribes prefer the Caroline **a**, but open **a** is not infrequent; tall **c** occurs; **ꝺ** and **N** are occasionally uncial; **y** is short and dotted; the ligatures **mi** and **or** (mid-word) are seen here and there.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2142. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/302,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/302,"Script is a small, sometimes even tiny, Caroline minuscule by several hands: most scribes prefer the Caroline a, but open a is not infrequent; tall c occurs; ꝺ and N are occasionally uncial; y is short and dotted; the ligatures mi and or (mid-word) are seen here and there.
","Written in France and probably in the North-east, to judge by script and initials, and in part (foll. 129–158v) by Gaustmarus who ends with two Greek alphabets and the subscription: ΓΑωCΘΗΑΡωC ΦΕΚΗΘ ΗCΘΟ ΓΡΕΚΟ (i.e. 'Gaustmarus fecit isto greco'). The manuscript belonged in the eighteenth century to a Hamburg parson, Barthold Nicolaus Krohn, upon whose death it came into the possession of the Leiden library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2142.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/302.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/302.jpg 304,1705,"Pre- and Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,10,1576,"Written apparently in North France, to judge from the script, and very likely at Rheims, where it was preserved by the thirteenth century at latest. The Rheims ex-libris of that date, 'Liber sci Remigii Rem uol LXVIII', stands on foll. 3 and 57. The ex-libris of Alexander Petau with the date 1645 is also seen on fol. 3. Whether or not the book later belonged to Isaac Vossius remains uncertain.",,,,"Alaricus, Lex Romana Visigothorum; Marculfus, Formulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67742",,"foll. 19, 38, and 127v",,,"Script, by many hands, is in part early Caroline, in part pre-Caroline minuscule: in the Caroline part majuscule **S** occurs in mid-word; in the pre-Caroline frequent use is made of ligatures **ar&**, **aꞇ**, **ti** (for hard ti), etc., and there is some resemblance to Berlin Phill. 1743, preserved and possibly originating at Rheims (cf. CLA [8.1060](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1520)). The figures and flourishes at the end of a chapter on fol. 54 suggest Notae Tironianae; they have the precise form of the Nota for bene. Probationes pennae saec. IX are seen on foll. 1r–v, 2v, 166v. The modest binding goes back to the early Middle Ages and may even be original.","☛Bischof, Katalog 2 no. 2150, prefers Bourges origin to Rheims.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/304,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/304,"Script, by many hands, is in part early Caroline, in part pre-Caroline minuscule: in the Caroline part majuscule S occurs in mid-word; in the pre-Caroline frequent use is made of ligatures ar&, aꞇ, ti (for hard ti), etc., and there is some resemblance to Berlin Phill. 1743, preserved and possibly originating at Rheims (cf. CLA 8.1060). The figures and flourishes at the end of a chapter on fol. 54 suggest Notae Tironianae; they have the precise form of the Nota for bene. Probationes pennae saec. IX are seen on foll. 1r–v, 2v, 166v. The modest binding goes back to the early Middle Ages and may even be original.
","Written apparently in North France, to judge from the script, and very likely at Rheims, where it was preserved by the thirteenth century at latest. The Rheims ex-libris of that date, 'Liber sci Remigii Rem uol LXVIII', stands on foll. 3 and 57. The ex-libris of Alexander Petau with the date 1645 is also seen on fol. 3. Whether or not the book later belonged to Isaac Vossius remains uncertain.
","☛Bischof, Katalog 2 no. 2150, prefers Bourges origin to Rheims.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/304.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/304.jpg 305,1706,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,10,1577,"Origin uncertain. Found presumably in Egypt.",,,,"Paulus Iuridicus, Sententiae (28–29). ",Parchment,,,"TM 62359",,"both recto and verso shown ",,,"Script is a somewhat squarish, early half-uncial in which capital elements are particularly marked: **a** approaches the uncial form, but occasionally it is cursive; **c** and **e** are both somewhat rectangular and near to the Rustic capital forms; **G** is uncial; **H**, curiously enough, is capital; **L** descends below the line and its long foot extends under the following letter, as in cursive; **S** is capital; **N**, **o**, **p**, and **ꞇ** smack of Greek calligraphy.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 66. ☛formerly Oegstgeest, Private collection von Scherling 2487 (cf. Rotulus 7 (1954)).",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/305,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/305,"Script is a somewhat squarish, early half-uncial in which capital elements are particularly marked: a approaches the uncial form, but occasionally it is cursive; c and e are both somewhat rectangular and near to the Rustic capital forms; G is uncial; H, curiously enough, is capital; L descends below the line and its long foot extends under the following letter, as in cursive; S is capital; N, o, p, and ꞇ smack of Greek calligraphy.
","Origin uncertain. Found presumably in Egypt.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 66. ☛formerly Oegstgeest, Private collection von Scherling 2487 (cf. Rotulus 7 (1954)).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/305.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/305.jpg 306,1707,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,10,1578,"Written apparently in North England, to judge by script and ornamentation, and copied from an ancient exemplar which had the subscription: 'Feliciter iunius laurentius relegi' (fol. 29). The shelf-mark in the familiar St-Denis librarian's hand is seen on foll. 1–2 of the first part of the composite volume; it throws no light on the provenance of the part that concerns us. The entry 'P 43’ at the top of fol. 1 is in the hand of Paul Petau. Later in the collection of Queen Christina of Sweden and then in that of Isaac Vossius.",,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (2.196–end; 3.1–65, 92–end; 4.1–76, 86–107, 117–end; 5.1–25, 125–136; 6.40–51).",Parchment,,,"TM 67743",,"fol. 20v ",,,"Script is a compressed yet bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule of Northumbrian type: **a** at end of a word occasionally has the uncial form; **d**, **n**, **s** are more frequent than **ꝺ**, **N**, **ꞅ**; minuscule **r** is the rule; ligatures include **bꞅ** (in an abbreviation for bus) and **ꞇem**; final lines of some columns are in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule (foll. 24v, 25, 30), with **e** in the ligature **em** having its lower bow reversed (fol. 24v). Marginal notes in small minuscule or in the script of the text. A few contemporary corrections.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/306,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/306,"Script is a compressed yet bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule of Northumbrian type: a at end of a word occasionally has the uncial form; d, n, s are more frequent than ꝺ, N, ꞅ; minuscule r is the rule; ligatures include bꞅ (in an abbreviation for bus) and ꞇem; final lines of some columns are in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule (foll. 24v, 25, 30), with e in the ligature em having its lower bow reversed (fol. 24v). Marginal notes in small minuscule or in the script of the text. A few contemporary corrections.
","Written apparently in North England, to judge by script and ornamentation, and copied from an ancient exemplar which had the subscription: 'Feliciter iunius laurentius relegi' (fol. 29). The shelf-mark in the familiar St-Denis librarian's hand is seen on foll. 1–2 of the first part of the composite volume; it throws no light on the provenance of the part that concerns us. The entry 'P 43’ at the top of fol. 1 is in the hand of Paul Petau. Later in the collection of Queen Christina of Sweden and then in that of Isaac Vossius.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/306.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/306.jpg 308,1708,"Uncial and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1579,"Written presumably at Amiens, to judge by similarities in script and abbreviations to the Bamberg Jerome, written for Jesse, bishop of Amiens (799–836). Belonged later to St Peter's at Ghent, whose ex-libris saec. XII–XIII is seen on fol. 49v. This folio, once detached, came into the possession of Bonaventura Vulcanius whose collection is now part of the Leiden library; it was bound as number 7 in the miscellany MS 108, but is now restored to its proper place.",,,,"Glossar Affatim; Ps- Dositheus, Glossae; Eucherius, Glossae Spirituales; Athanasius, De Ratione Paschae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67744",,"fol. 31v ",,,"Script is in part (for words to be defined) uncial of a distinct type: **ꝺ** ends in a horizontal finial; the oblique of **N** is low; **FF** and **LL** run together; and in part (for definitions) a well-developed early Caroline minuscule: **a** and open **a** (with the upper end of the two **c**'s very fine); uncial **ꝺ** and **N** occur; ligatures are frequent, including **mi**. Notae Tironianae seen on foll. 21v and 23. A Greek alphabet and chronological lists entered by various ninth-century hands (fol. 49v). Additions to the text saec. IX and XII.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/308,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/308,"Script is in part (for words to be defined) uncial of a distinct type: ꝺ ends in a horizontal finial; the oblique of N is low; FF and LL run together; and in part (for definitions) a well-developed early Caroline minuscule: a and open a (with the upper end of the two c's very fine); uncial ꝺ and N occur; ligatures are frequent, including mi. Notae Tironianae seen on foll. 21v and 23. A Greek alphabet and chronological lists entered by various ninth-century hands (fol. 49v). Additions to the text saec. IX and XII.
","Written presumably at Amiens, to judge by similarities in script and abbreviations to the Bamberg Jerome, written for Jesse, bishop of Amiens (799–836). Belonged later to St Peter's at Ghent, whose ex-libris saec. XII–XIII is seen on fol. 49v. This folio, once detached, came into the possession of Bonaventura Vulcanius whose collection is now part of the Leiden library; it was bound as number 7 in the miscellany MS 108, but is now restored to its proper place.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/308.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/308.jpg 309,1709,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,10,1580,"Written in North France and probably in the Corbie area, to judge by the resemblance to the Maurdramn type on some pages. Later history unknown.",,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (1–36.97).",Parchment,,,"TM 67745",,"from Leiden fol. 105v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is tiny neat, angular minuscule, in part pure Caroline, in part a mixed type with Insular **Ᵹ**; some pages (Vatic. fol. 5v, etc.) recall the late Maurdramn type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); **a** and **d** have two forms; the ligature **et** has a curious form. Additions and corrections saec. IX–X. The medical texts on Leiden foll. 68v f., 75v f., etc., have interlinear rubrics saec. XII. Some marginalia saec. XV in the Vatican volume seem by an Italian hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/309,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/309,"Script, by several hands, is tiny neat, angular minuscule, in part pure Caroline, in part a mixed type with Insular Ᵹ; some pages (Vatic. fol. 5v, etc.) recall the late Maurdramn type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); a and d have two forms; the ligature et has a curious form. Additions and corrections saec. IX–X. The medical texts on Leiden foll. 68v f., 75v f., etc., have interlinear rubrics saec. XII. Some marginalia saec. XV in the Vatican volume seem by an Italian hand.
","Written in North France and probably in the Corbie area, to judge by the resemblance to the Maurdramn type on some pages. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/309.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/309.jpg 310,1710,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1581,"Written in France and apparently in the Paris region, to judge by some resemblance to Fardulfus Manuscripts (cf. CLA 6. p. xxvi). Provenance Saint-Germain-des-Prés: a tenth century probatio pennae 'sce germane xpī confessor' is seen on fol. 185 and a copy, saec. XII–XIII, of a St Germain charter was entered on foll. 206v–207. The entry 'Petrous de domno Martino cepit istum librum anno M·CCC·IX· die cinerum' stands on fol. 155v. Later belonged to Iassc Vossius (1618–1689).",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae; Glossaria Latina; Synonyma Ciceronis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67746",,"fol. 97 ",,,"Script is a regular and upright early Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: **a** has two forms with the Caroline predominating; **t** is often tall with straight shaft and extends over the neighbouring letters; the ligatures **NT** and **UT** occur frequently. Half-uncial is used for some headings or first lines on foll. 97 and 107; half-uncial letters also occur here and there at the beginning of sentences. Notae Tironianae occur in the margins of foll. 8, 101, et passim. Corrections by various hands saec. IX–X and XII. Probationes pennae saec. IX–XI on fol. 205v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2203. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/310,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/310,"Script is a regular and upright early Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: a has two forms with the Caroline predominating; t is often tall with straight shaft and extends over the neighbouring letters; the ligatures NT and UT occur frequently. Half-uncial is used for some headings or first lines on foll. 97 and 107; half-uncial letters also occur here and there at the beginning of sentences. Notae Tironianae occur in the margins of foll. 8, 101, et passim. Corrections by various hands saec. IX–X and XII. Probationes pennae saec. IX–XI on fol. 205v.
","Written in France and apparently in the Paris region, to judge by some resemblance to Fardulfus Manuscripts (cf. CLA 6. p. xxvi). Provenance Saint-Germain-des-Prés: a tenth century probatio pennae 'sce germane xpī confessor' is seen on fol. 185 and a copy, saec. XII–XIII, of a St Germain charter was entered on foll. 206v–207. The entry 'Petrous de domno Martino cepit istum librum anno M·CCC·IX· die cinerum' stands on fol. 155v. Later belonged to Iassc Vossius (1618–1689).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2203.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/310.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/310.jpg 311,1712,Uncial,VI²,551,600,10,1582,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script. Some light on the later history of the volumes would be shed if the person mentioned in the fourteenth-century entry in vol. 2, fol. 97, 'm(a)g(iste)r gh(er)lacus p(ro)pe cliuis forsan. . .', could be identified. Belonged to Melchior Goldast (†1635); his ex-libris is seen in vol. 1, fol. 1. Later in the possession of Isaac Vossius.",3,,,"Antonius Musa, Opus incertum?; Ps- Apuleius, De Herbarum Virtutibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67747",,"fol. 3v of vol. II (fol. 25v of the recently reunited volume) ",,,"Script is rather large uncial, by more than one hand: the second upright of **N** is sometimes distinctly comma-shaped; short horizontals, especially the two ends of the cross-stroke of **T**, have small comma-shaped tags; one hand seen in vol. 2 seems to be somewhat older. Contemporary corrections in small uncial. Notes were entered in various centuries, especially on the pages which contain illustrations: Merovingian probationes pennae, later erased, on foll. 16, 18 of vol. 1 and foll. 1, 4, 50, 81 of vol. 2; notes and receipts from the earlier and later Middle Ages; the Nota monogram (saec. X or XI) seen on fol. 25v is also found in several manuscripts from Chartres, e.g. Paris Lat. 10233 + Bern F 219 (CLA [5.592](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/959) and [7.**592](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1262)) and Chartres MSS 20, 43, 62, and 98; among the names of plants added to the illustrations are 'alba uide' entered saec. IX in. for the 'alba uitis' (vol. 2, fol. 84) and numerous Hebrew entries in cursive Rabbinical characters (ca. saec. XIV or XV); the text was retraced on many pages in the fourteenth or fifteenth century. Rebound to form one volume.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2212a. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/311,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/311,"Script is rather large uncial, by more than one hand: the second upright of N is sometimes distinctly comma-shaped; short horizontals, especially the two ends of the cross-stroke of T, have small comma-shaped tags; one hand seen in vol. 2 seems to be somewhat older. Contemporary corrections in small uncial. Notes were entered in various centuries, especially on the pages which contain illustrations: Merovingian probationes pennae, later erased, on foll. 16, 18 of vol. 1 and foll. 1, 4, 50, 81 of vol. 2; notes and receipts from the earlier and later Middle Ages; the Nota monogram (saec. X or XI) seen on fol. 25v is also found in several manuscripts from Chartres, e.g. Paris Lat. 10233 + Bern F 219 (CLA 5.592 and 7.**592) and Chartres MSS 20, 43, 62, and 98; among the names of plants added to the illustrations are 'alba uide' entered saec. IX in. for the 'alba uitis' (vol. 2, fol. 84) and numerous Hebrew entries in cursive Rabbinical characters (ca. saec. XIV or XV); the text was retraced on many pages in the fourteenth or fifteenth century. Rebound to form one volume.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script. Some light on the later history of the volumes would be shed if the person mentioned in the fourteenth-century entry in vol. 2, fol. 97, 'm(a)g(iste)r gh(er)lacus p(ro)pe cliuis forsan. . .', could be identified. Belonged to Melchior Goldast (†1635); his ex-libris is seen in vol. 1, fol. 1. Later in the possession of Isaac Vossius.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2212a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/311.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/311.jpg 312,1713,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1583,"Written presumably at St Amand, to judge from the script. The manuscript must have reached Rheims by the ninth century, to judge from the additions; the Rheims ex-libris, 'LIBER SCI REMIGII' (saec. X), is seen on foll. 8v–9 and another one, 'Lib' sci Remigii Rem vol LXIX' (saec. XII–XIII), stands on foll. 3v and 56. The manuscript was in the possession of Isaac Vossius in the seventeenth century.",,,,"Liber Pontificalis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67748",,"foll. 3v and 61v",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type (see CLA [10.1463](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/181)): **a** has two forms; pointed v-shaped **u** occurs in the ending -**orv**; numerous ligatures include **nꞇ** (even in mid-word) and **ot** (with the final stroke characteristically sweeping boldly below the line). Artificial half-uncial is seen on fol. 3v containing the dedicatory epistle as well as in some first lines—a feature of this school. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule. The list of popes on foll. 5v–7 is by the original scribe up to Stephen III (†757) and is continued by a typically Rheims hand saec. IX² up to Stephen V (†817), while another hand saec. IX–X added the names of the Rheims archbishops. An excerpt from Jerome was entered on fol. 1 by a tenth-century hand, and a sermon on foll. 1v–2v is in a typical Rheims minuscule saec. IX. A tenth century reader at many points in the text called attention especially to matters of liturgical interest. Ninth-century and later probationes pennae fill foll. 121v–122v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2221.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/312,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/312,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of the St Amand-Salzburg type (see CLA 10.1463): a has two forms; pointed v-shaped u occurs in the ending -orv; numerous ligatures include nꞇ (even in mid-word) and ot (with the final stroke characteristically sweeping boldly below the line). Artificial half-uncial is seen on fol. 3v containing the dedicatory epistle as well as in some first lines—a feature of this school. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule. The list of popes on foll. 5v–7 is by the original scribe up to Stephen III (†757) and is continued by a typically Rheims hand saec. IX² up to Stephen V (†817), while another hand saec. IX–X added the names of the Rheims archbishops. An excerpt from Jerome was entered on fol. 1 by a tenth-century hand, and a sermon on foll. 1v–2v is in a typical Rheims minuscule saec. IX. A tenth century reader at many points in the text called attention especially to matters of liturgical interest. Ninth-century and later probationes pennae fill foll. 121v–122v.
","Written presumably at St Amand, to judge from the script. The manuscript must have reached Rheims by the ninth century, to judge from the additions; the Rheims ex-libris, 'LIBER SCI REMIGII' (saec. X), is seen on foll. 8v–9 and another one, 'Lib' sci Remigii Rem vol LXIX' (saec. XII–XIII), stands on foll. 3v and 56. The manuscript was in the possession of Isaac Vossius in the seventeenth century.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2221.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/312.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/312.jpg 315,1714,"Minuscule, Cursive, and Half-Uncial",VIII¹,701,750,10,1584,"Written in France, apparently at Tours, to judge by the script and by the Notae Tironianae for 'requisitum est' which have been added to the quire-marks. The manuscript belonged in 1649 to Alexander Petau, whose name is entered on fol. 1, and later to Isaac Vossius (†1689).",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (2.9–5.27).",Parchment,,,"TM 67749",,"foll. 24, 55, and 59v",,,"Script is manifestly in a state of transition and is remarkable for the variety of hands displayed; it is mostly a rapid and not too expert minuscule with some cursive elements; half-uncial is used by several hands (e.g. foll. 24–6), occasionally approaching minuscule (foll. 38, 55) or uncial (fol. 24) or cursive (fol. 24v); a curious, upright, and unsteady cursive, redolent of Luxeuil, is seen on foll. 31, 59v, and 60. A similar medley of scripts is used in the Paris Eugippius (CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)), which comes from Tours and was in all probability written there. The Notae Tironianae for 'requisitum est' (foll. 46v and 54v), although now mostly cut away, were originally added to the quire-marks, as in several eighth-century manuscripts which have been connected with Tours (cf. CLA 6 p. xxviii f.); other Notae Tironianae at the end of a probatio pennae in cursive saec. VIII on foll. 49v and 50. Entries in half-uncial saec. VIII on foll. 6v and 77v; a series of ciphers written by an early hand, presumably upside down, is seen in the lower margin of fol. 3.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/315,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/315,"Script is manifestly in a state of transition and is remarkable for the variety of hands displayed; it is mostly a rapid and not too expert minuscule with some cursive elements; half-uncial is used by several hands (e.g. foll. 24–6), occasionally approaching minuscule (foll. 38, 55) or uncial (fol. 24) or cursive (fol. 24v); a curious, upright, and unsteady cursive, redolent of Luxeuil, is seen on foll. 31, 59v, and 60. A similar medley of scripts is used in the Paris Eugippius (CLA 5.682), which comes from Tours and was in all probability written there. The Notae Tironianae for 'requisitum est' (foll. 46v and 54v), although now mostly cut away, were originally added to the quire-marks, as in several eighth-century manuscripts which have been connected with Tours (cf. CLA 6 p. xxviii f.); other Notae Tironianae at the end of a probatio pennae in cursive saec. VIII on foll. 49v and 50. Entries in half-uncial saec. VIII on foll. 6v and 77v; a series of ciphers written by an early hand, presumably upside down, is seen in the lower margin of fol. 3.
","Written in France, apparently at Tours, to judge by the script and by the Notae Tironianae for 'requisitum est' which have been added to the quire-marks. The manuscript belonged in 1649 to Alexander Petau, whose name is entered on fol. 1, and later to Isaac Vossius (†1689).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/315.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/315.jpg 316,1715,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1585,"Written presumably at St Gall, as script and the contents of the attached thirteenth-century texts suggest. Parts of this volume, if not all of it, belonged to Melchior Goldast (†1635). Later in the possession of Isaac Vossius (†1689).",,,,"Collectio Rhythmorum et Carminum Metricorum; Glossarium—'Leyden Glossary'; Excerpta Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67750",,"foll. 16 and 23 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a late pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: both open **a** and **a** are used; ligatures, rather frequent in some hands, include **nꞇ** even in mid-word word and **ti** ligature for soft ti; the Insular ligature **hi** occurs on fol. 23. The Greek **π** for **P** on fol. 23 is doubtless taken from an Insular exemplar. A copy of a letter to Alcuin in minuscule saec. IX stands on foll. 46v–47v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2222. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 372.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/316,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/316,"Script, by several hands, is a late pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: both open a and a are used; ligatures, rather frequent in some hands, include nꞇ even in mid-word word and ti ligature for soft ti; the Insular ligature hi occurs on fol. 23. The Greek π for P on fol. 23 is doubtless taken from an Insular exemplar. A copy of a letter to Alcuin in minuscule saec. IX stands on foll. 46v–47v.
","Written presumably at St Gall, as script and the contents of the attached thirteenth-century texts suggest. Parts of this volume, if not all of it, belonged to Melchior Goldast (†1635). Later in the possession of Isaac Vossius (†1689).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2222. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 372.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/316.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/316.jpg 317,1718,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,10,1586,"Written presumably at Weissenburg in Alsatia, to judge by the type of script and by the close textual affinity to the only other known manuscript of the Chronicon Palatinum, namely Vatican Pal. Lat. 277 (CLA [1.91](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/103)), which comes from nearby Lorsch. The volume came into the possession of Isaac Vossius (†1689), who owned a number of Weissenburg manuscripts.",,,,"Chronicon Palatinum; Computus Anni 722.",Parchment,,,"TM 67751",,"fol. 26 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is an early type of Caroline minuscule seen in several Weissenburg manuscripts (cf. CLA 9, p. ix f. and [1384](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887), [1393](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897)): **a** has three forms (open **a**, 'oc' **a**, and **a**); uncial **ꝺ** is frequent; the horizontals of **z** are either cup-shaped or curve boldly above the head-line and below the base-line. The strokes at the end of the text on fol. 26 may be shorthand notes. A somewhat later hand saec. IX in. added a school dialogue on fol. 27v. Neumes are seen in the margin of fol. 27.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 383. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/317,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/317,"Script, by several hands, is an early type of Caroline minuscule seen in several Weissenburg manuscripts (cf. CLA 9, p. ix f. and 1384, 1393): a has three forms (open a, 'oc' a, and a); uncial ꝺ is frequent; the horizontals of z are either cup-shaped or curve boldly above the head-line and below the base-line. The strokes at the end of the text on fol. 26 may be shorthand notes. A somewhat later hand saec. IX in. added a school dialogue on fol. 27v. Neumes are seen in the margin of fol. 27.
","Written presumably at Weissenburg in Alsatia, to judge by the type of script and by the close textual affinity to the only other known manuscript of the Chronicon Palatinum, namely Vatican Pal. Lat. 277 (CLA 1.91), which comes from nearby Lorsch. The volume came into the possession of Isaac Vossius (†1689), who owned a number of Weissenburg manuscripts.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 383.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/317.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/317.jpg 318,1720,Uncial,"VIII¹ (719)",719,719,10,1587,"Written in the Northumbrian monasteries of Wearmouth-Jarrow, during or just after the abbacy of Ceolfrid (†716). While our leaves were in the possession of Sir Robert Cotton (or possibly before this) they were bound with the famous illustrated psalter which originated in the ninth century presumably at Hautvilliers near Rheims and later may have been at Canterbury. The volume was bequeathed to the Utrecht library by Wilh. de Ridder (†1716).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 1–3.4, Io 1.1–21); Hieronymus, Prologus, Praefatio et Capitula in Mt.",Parchment,,,"TM 67752",,"foll. 102 and 95v (two specimens)",,,"Script is very calligraphic uncial of the unmistakable types which flourished in the twin Northumbrian abbeys of Wearmouth-Jarrow under Abbot Ceolfrid, who is responsible for the Codex Amiatinus (cf. CLA [3.299](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631)) with which our manuscript seems to have several scribes in common and with which it shares the same interesting hierarchy of uncial scripts: the Gospels are in bold, stately uncial in which there is strong contrast between thick and thin strokes; the prologues are in the same type on a somewhat smaller scale; the capitula (on foll. 97v–100v) are in an altogether different and more modest type, identical with that seen in the Stonyhurst St John (CLA [2.260](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579)) as well as in the capitula of the Codex Amiatinus: here there is little shading and a virtual absence of serifs; a feature common to these types is the occasional use of a shallow, sloping **S** in ligature at line-end; capital forms are sometimes used at line-ends when space is limited. Noteworthy is the occurrence of the Insular subscript **i** after **M** on fol. 96. Some minor corrections saec. XII.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/318,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/318,"Script is very calligraphic uncial of the unmistakable types which flourished in the twin Northumbrian abbeys of Wearmouth-Jarrow under Abbot Ceolfrid, who is responsible for the Codex Amiatinus (cf. CLA 3.299) with which our manuscript seems to have several scribes in common and with which it shares the same interesting hierarchy of uncial scripts: the Gospels are in bold, stately uncial in which there is strong contrast between thick and thin strokes; the prologues are in the same type on a somewhat smaller scale; the capitula (on foll. 97v–100v) are in an altogether different and more modest type, identical with that seen in the Stonyhurst St John (CLA 2.260) as well as in the capitula of the Codex Amiatinus: here there is little shading and a virtual absence of serifs; a feature common to these types is the occasional use of a shallow, sloping S in ligature at line-end; capital forms are sometimes used at line-ends when space is limited. Noteworthy is the occurrence of the Insular subscript i after M on fol. 96. Some minor corrections saec. XII.
","Written in the Northumbrian monasteries of Wearmouth-Jarrow, during or just after the abbacy of Ceolfrid (†716). While our leaves were in the possession of Sir Robert Cotton (or possibly before this) they were bound with the famous illustrated psalter which originated in the ninth century presumably at Hautvilliers near Rheims and later may have been at Canterbury. The volume was bequeathed to the Utrecht library by Wilh. de Ridder (†1716).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/318.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/318.jpg 319,1721,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,10,1588,"Written in North-east France, presumably in the scriptorium that produced [Boulogne 42 (47)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141), St Gall 552, and the now lost Chartres MS 106 (CLA [6.748](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/7488)). The fragment served as fly-leaf of a printed book, which formerly belonged to the abbey of St Laurentius in Oostbroek.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (4.52–53, 57–58).",Parchment,,,"TM 67753",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a firm pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, resembling that of Boulogne 42 (47) and St Gall 552 (CLA [6.736](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141); [7.942](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1404)): **a** has the open form; **ꝺ** is far more frequent than **d**; ascenders and descenders are longish; ligatures include **ei**, **ep**, **ri**.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/319,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/319,"Script is a firm pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, resembling that of Boulogne 42 (47) and St Gall 552 (CLA 6.736; 7.942): a has the open form; ꝺ is far more frequent than d; ascenders and descenders are longish; ligatures include ei, ep, ri.
","Written in North-east France, presumably in the scriptorium that produced Boulogne 42 (47), St Gall 552, and the now lost Chartres MS 106 (CLA 6.748). The fragment served as fly-leaf of a printed book, which formerly belonged to the abbey of St Laurentius in Oostbroek.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/10/319.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/10/319.jpg 320,1729,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,11,**1024,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance unknown. The leaf in the St Petersburg Institute of History belongs to a collection of fragments formed by Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1936); the other St Petersburg leaf was used in a binding.",3,,,"Hesychius Hierosolymitanus, In Leviticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67170",,"recto of Leningrad Fragm. 1/625",,,"Script is a rather broad, stately, somewhat ornate uncial: the bow of **A** is often flat and pendant; the tail of **G** is long and very thin; the second upright of **N** is spike-shaped; **S** is often top-heavy; **T**, often tall near line-end, has a comma-like serif at each end of its top-stroke; small pointed **V** occurs suprascript; the second oblique of **Y** goes below the line; **LL** run together; noteworthy is the scribe's expert use of horizontal serifs, so that he seems to write between two ruled lines. For other details see under Altenburg (CLA [8.1024](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1479)).","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29162 c.",,,,,1479,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/320,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/320,"Script is a rather broad, stately, somewhat ornate uncial: the bow of A is often flat and pendant; the tail of G is long and very thin; the second upright of N is spike-shaped; S is often top-heavy; T, often tall near line-end, has a comma-like serif at each end of its top-stroke; small pointed V occurs suprascript; the second oblique of Y goes below the line; LL run together; noteworthy is the scribe's expert use of horizontal serifs, so that he seems to write between two ruled lines. For other details see under Altenburg (CLA 8.1024).
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance unknown. The leaf in the St Petersburg Institute of History belongs to a collection of fragments formed by Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1936); the other St Petersburg leaf was used in a binding.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29162 c.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/320.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/320.jpg 322,1748,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII,601,700,11,**1061,"Written in a Burgundian centre under Insular influence, to judge by the script. Was used at Lyon in the ninth century by Florus Diaconus. Discovered by Jacques Sirmond in the Lyon cathedral library in 1629. Became number 569 in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont at Paris and after the dissolution of the Collège was divided in two. The first part, now in St Petersburg, apparently got to St-Germain-des-Prés and was acquired by Peter Dubrowsky probably with his other manuscripts in 1791; it entered the Imperial Library in 1805. The second part was bought by Gerhard Meerman in 1763, by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824, and by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Collectio Canonum Secunda, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67199",,"foll. 174 and 127v ",,,"Script of St Petersburg, foll. 1–15v, 63v, 154–185v is a curious narrow uncial; script of foll. 16–63, 64–153v is half-uncial with **g** regularly uncial; **y** is short and occasionally dotted; ascenders and descenders are very long; the last strokes of **a**, **r**, and **ꞇ** are prolonged at line-end. Merovingian entries in the lower margin of fol. 1, etc. A note 'saec. VIII–IX' on the names of the apostles and their 'interpretationes' on fol. 2. A cursive barred **L** occurs here and there in the margin. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule. For other details see under Berlin (CLA [8.1061](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1522)).",,,,,,1522,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/322,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/322,"Script of St Petersburg, foll. 1–15v, 63v, 154–185v is a curious narrow uncial; script of foll. 16–63, 64–153v is half-uncial with g regularly uncial; y is short and occasionally dotted; ascenders and descenders are very long; the last strokes of a, r, and ꞇ are prolonged at line-end. Merovingian entries in the lower margin of fol. 1, etc. A note 'saec. VIII–IX' on the names of the apostles and their 'interpretationes' on fol. 2. A cursive barred L occurs here and there in the margin. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule. For other details see under Berlin (CLA 8.1061).
","Written in a Burgundian centre under Insular influence, to judge by the script. Was used at Lyon in the ninth century by Florus Diaconus. Discovered by Jacques Sirmond in the Lyon cathedral library in 1629. Became number 569 in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont at Paris and after the dissolution of the Collège was divided in two. The first part, now in St Petersburg, apparently got to St-Germain-des-Prés and was acquired by Peter Dubrowsky probably with his other manuscripts in 1791; it entered the Imperial Library in 1805. The second part was bought by Gerhard Meerman in 1763, by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824, and by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/322.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/322.jpg 323,1801,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,11,**1185,"Written presumably in Ireland. Later at Werden. Acquired from a German collection in 1930 by the dealer, von Scherling. Purchased by G. A. Plimpton of New York in 1932 and bequeathed by him in 1936 to Columbia University.",,,,"Lathcen, Ecloga Gregorii Magni Moralium in Iob (17); Philippus Presbyter, Expositio in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 67326",,"recto of the New York leaf",,,"Script is a rapid Irish minuscule with considerable cursive admixture: **a** has several forms; tall **c** and **e** with lower bow reversed frequent; **d** has two forms; striking is the form of **fi** ligature resembling an x; **i** in ligature often resembles an elongated S; the last stroke of **m** at word-end curves well below the line; **z** goes below the line and forms an acute angle with the final stroke.","☛Partially on permanent loan from the Hauptstaatsarchiv. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Hauptstaatsarchiv without number.",,,3,,1660,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/323,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/323,"Script is a rapid Irish minuscule with considerable cursive admixture: a has several forms; tall c and e with lower bow reversed frequent; d has two forms; striking is the form of fi ligature resembling an x; i in ligature often resembles an elongated S; the last stroke of m at word-end curves well below the line; z goes below the line and forms an acute angle with the final stroke.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Later at Werden. Acquired from a German collection in 1930 by the dealer, von Scherling. Purchased by G. A. Plimpton of New York in 1932 and bequeathed by him in 1936 to Columbia University.
","☛Partially on permanent loan from the Hauptstaatsarchiv. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Hauptstaatsarchiv without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/323.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/323.jpg 324,1812,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,**1339,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, probably in the Main region. The dismembered volume was used for book-bindings. One folio, the last leaf of quire 5, was acquired by the Vienna Library. The Glazier leaf formerly belonged to Max Kammerer of Wartenberg near Munich and was purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954. ",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67482",,"recto of the New York folio",,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with characteristically long descenders: **a** has two forms; **i**-longa is used initially; noteworthy is the **ei** ligature resembling a combined o and tall S; **c** and **u** occur with subscript **i**.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/5.",,,2,,1840,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/324,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/324,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with characteristically long descenders: a has two forms; i-longa is used initially; noteworthy is the ei ligature resembling a combined o and tall S; c and u occur with subscript i.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, probably in the Main region. The dismembered volume was used for book-bindings. One folio, the last leaf of quire 5, was acquired by the Vienna Library. The Glazier leaf formerly belonged to Max Kammerer of Wartenberg near Munich and was purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/324.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/324.jpg 325,1809,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,11,**1347,"Written in the Salzburg or Mondsee area, to judge by the decoration, which points according to W. Koehler to the scriptorium that produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA [6.795](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209)) and the slightly later Codex Millenarius of Kremsmünster (saec. IX in.). This origin is confirmed by close textual affinities with the Millenarius and the Vienna Gospels, Vienna Lat. 1224, written by Cutbercht probably at Salzburg. Dismembered apparently in the second quarter of the seventeenth century for covering administrative documents in a Nuremberg office. The Morgan leaves were in the possession of the Barons Imhoff and the Kress family of Nuremberg until 1861 when they were acquired by the Paris dealer L. Trass. Trass sold them to Guillaume Libri, from whom they were purchased in 1862 by Sir Thomas Phillipps. See also under [Nuremberg](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1848).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Lc, Io, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67489",,"foll. 1v and 2 ",,,"Script, by two hands, is a regular, well-formed imitation uncial of late type: the bow of **A** extends in a point below the line; the tail of **G** is often a hair-line; **LL** run together, V-shaped **U** occasionally suprascript, Rustic **E**, and such ligatures as **NS**, **OS**, **UD**, **UL**, **UR**, **US** occur at line-end when space is lacking. ","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 19–20.",,,,,1848,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/325,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/325,"Script, by two hands, is a regular, well-formed imitation uncial of late type: the bow of A extends in a point below the line; the tail of G is often a hair-line; LL run together, V-shaped U occasionally suprascript, Rustic E, and such ligatures as NS, OS, UD, UL, UR, US occur at line-end when space is lacking.
","Written in the Salzburg or Mondsee area, to judge by the decoration, which points according to W. Koehler to the scriptorium that produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA 6.795) and the slightly later Codex Millenarius of Kremsmünster (saec. IX in.). This origin is confirmed by close textual affinities with the Millenarius and the Vienna Gospels, Vienna Lat. 1224, written by Cutbercht probably at Salzburg. Dismembered apparently in the second quarter of the seventeenth century for covering administrative documents in a Nuremberg office. The Morgan leaves were in the possession of the Barons Imhoff and the Kress family of Nuremberg until 1861 when they were acquired by the Paris dealer L. Trass. Trass sold them to Guillaume Libri, from whom they were purchased in 1862 by Sir Thomas Phillipps. See also under Nuremberg.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 19–20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/325.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/325.jpg 326,1731,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,**1372,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragments were used for binding accounts of the monastery of Neustadt on the Main for the years 1671–3. The bindings were possibly made in Würzburg. The St Petersburg leaf belonged in the nineteenth century to the Historischer Verein at Würzburg and later entered the collection of Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1936) of St Petersburg.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67510",,"recto of Leningrad leaf shown",,,"Script, by several hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: **a** and **d** have two forms; **g** has a pointed chest; **l** (in **ll** the second **l**) regularly descends far below the line; the last stroke of final **m** is often prolonged; ligatures include **tio**. The uncial of the headings is not typically English. For other details see under Wertheim (CLA [9.1372](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1874)).","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 b. ☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Fürstlich Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenbergsches Archiv fr. 1 (lit. B. no. 1686 a).",,,2,,1874,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/326,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/326,"Script, by several hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: a and d have two forms; g has a pointed chest; l (in ll the second l) regularly descends far below the line; the last stroke of final m is often prolonged; ligatures include tio. The uncial of the headings is not typically English. For other details see under Wertheim (CLA 9.1372).
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragments were used for binding accounts of the monastery of Neustadt on the Main for the years 1671–3. The bindings were possibly made in Würzburg. The St Petersburg leaf belonged in the nineteenth century to the Historischer Verein at Würzburg and later entered the collection of Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1936) of St Petersburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 b. ☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Fürstlich Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenbergsches Archiv fr. 1 (lit. B. no. 1686 a).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/326.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/326.jpg 328,1802,"Irish Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,**144,"Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. The Plimpton leaves came, through J. Martini, from the Ernst Fischer collection, and originally, no doubt, as did the Munich fragments, from St Emmeram's at Regensburg.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1, 11, fragm.), Interrogationes et Responses (fragm.); Arnobius Iunior, Expositio in Evangelia, Computistica; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66244",,"New York fol. 2v-3 ",,,"Script is a curious debased Insular majuscule by an inexpert scribe: **d** occasionally has the uncial form with the ascender almost vertical; **i** is often subscript after **m** and **n**, also after **u** and **c**; **i**-longa used initially and medially; the bow of **q** is mostly open and rises above the stem. See also under [Cambridge (formerly Cheltenham)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/457) and [Munich](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1709).","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 b.",,,3,,457,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/328,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/328,"Script is a curious debased Insular majuscule by an inexpert scribe: d occasionally has the uncial form with the ascender almost vertical; i is often subscript after m and n, also after u and c; i-longa used initially and medially; the bow of q is mostly open and rises above the stem. See also under Cambridge (formerly Cheltenham) and Munich.
","Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. The Plimpton leaves came, through J. Martini, from the Ernst Fischer collection, and originally, no doubt, as did the Munich fragments, from St Emmeram's at Regensburg.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/328.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/328.jpg 329,1737,Uncial,VII,601,700,11,**182,"Written certainly in France, presumably in the Corbie region, if not at Corbie itself, to judge by the ornamentation. Mentioned in several old Corbie catalogues. Removed to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was no. 197. The manuscript was stolen during the Revolution and split into two parts. The St Petersburg part was acquired by Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805; the British Museum acquired its part with the other Burney manuscripts in 1818.",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae de Visionibus Balaam; Iohannes Chrysostomus, De Reparatione Lapsi.",Parchment,,,"TM 66286",,"Leningrad fol. 13v",,,"Script, described under London, is an important example of French uncial: **Y** is short and undotted. Cursive marginalia on St Petersburg foll. 13v and 14. Caroline corrections saec. IX. Notae Tironianae occur on St Petersburg fol. 9. For other details see under London (CLA [2.182](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/497)).",,,,,,497,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/329,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/329,"Script, described under London, is an important example of French uncial: Y is short and undotted. Cursive marginalia on St Petersburg foll. 13v and 14. Caroline corrections saec. IX. Notae Tironianae occur on St Petersburg fol. 9. For other details see under London (CLA 2.182).
","Written certainly in France, presumably in the Corbie region, if not at Corbie itself, to judge by the ornamentation. Mentioned in several old Corbie catalogues. Removed to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was no. 197. The manuscript was stolen during the Revolution and split into two parts. The St Petersburg part was acquired by Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805; the British Museum acquired its part with the other Burney manuscripts in 1818.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/329.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/329.jpg 330,1781,"Visigothic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,**195,"Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as Escorial, & I. 14 (CLA [11.1635](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/394)), the leaf of Joshua in New York, Columbia University Library Plimpton 27 (CLA [11.1654](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/413)), and the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2. I), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. The Madrid portion, perhaps the whole manuscript, was once at Saragossa and later in the archives of the Inquisition at Madrid. The London leaves were bought by the British Museum in 1861.",,,,"Isidorus Pacensis, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66300",,"Madrid fol. 1v shown",,https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=18460&CollID=28&NStart=1934,"Script is broad, low-lying, and easy-flowing Visigothic minuscule of the older type: **a** has two forms; the descender of **f** is longish; the soft and hard sounds of **ti** are not distinguished; **i**-longa is used regularly initially and for the semi-vocal sound medially; a forked form of **i**-longa resembling tall y also occurs; superior **u** is cup-shaped; the **z** is 3-shaped and goes below the line; ligatures (e.g. **at**, **os**, and other ligatures with **t**), mostly at line-end, are used here and there. For other details see under [London](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/511); the somewhat earlier date here assigned seems preferable.",,,,9,,511,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/330,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/330,"Script is broad, low-lying, and easy-flowing Visigothic minuscule of the older type: a has two forms; the descender of f is longish; the soft and hard sounds of ti are not distinguished; i-longa is used regularly initially and for the semi-vocal sound medially; a forked form of i-longa resembling tall y also occurs; superior u is cup-shaped; the z is 3-shaped and goes below the line; ligatures (e.g. at, os, and other ligatures with t), mostly at line-end, are used here and there. For other details see under London; the somewhat earlier date here assigned seems preferable.
","Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as Escorial, & I. 14 (CLA 11.1635), the leaf of Joshua in New York, Columbia University Library Plimpton 27 (CLA 11.1654), and the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2. I), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. The Madrid portion, perhaps the whole manuscript, was once at Saragossa and later in the archives of the Inquisition at Madrid. The London leaves were bought by the British Museum in 1861.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/330.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/330.jpg 331,1788,"Rustic Capital",II–III,101,300,11,**212,"Written in Egypt and probably used as a school book. Found at Karanis in 1925–6 by the American expedition.",,,,"Palaemon, Ars Grammatica; Vergilius, Aeneis (9.26).",Papyrus,,,"TM 63851",,"entire column of the papyrological verso is shown",,,"The recto contains a military register in Latin cursive of the second half of the second century.","☛Formerly Ann Arbor, Michigan University, Library P. 4549 Vo.",,,,2,530,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/331,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/331,"The recto contains a military register in Latin cursive of the second half of the second century.
","Written in Egypt and probably used as a school book. Found at Karanis in 1925–6 by the American expedition.
","☛Formerly Ann Arbor, Michigan University, Library P. 4549 Vo.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/331.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/331.jpg 332,1750,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,701,900,11,**570,"Written at Corbie. Mentioned in several of their catalogues. The Cento Probae, now at Paris, was removed in the late sixteenth century from the volume and came into the possession of Claude Dupuy (†1594); this loss is stated in the Corbie catalogue of 1621. The main manuscript was taken in 1638 to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the numbers 598 and 783. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Venantius Fortunatus, Carmina de Iohanne; Aldhelmus, Opus incertum; Symphosius, Opus incertum; Proba, Cento Vergilianus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66701",,"fol. 20v ",,,"Script is an expert specimen of the advanced a-b type described in CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914). **ꝺ** is spiral-shaped and **E** is regularly capital in the typical Corbie uncial headings. On fol. 141 the text is continued in Caroline minuscule. Corrections in Caroline minuscule of Corbie type. A ninth-century Corbie librarian entered a table of contents on fol. 1 of the St Petersburg part; opposite 'versus Probae' a seventeenth-century hand entered the note 'avulsi'; contents are repeated in verse by a later hand, saec. XI or XII on the last leaf, beginning ‘Iure sibi librum Corbeia vendicat istum'.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2, no. 2317. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 49](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/073_tav049a.pdf).",,,5,9,932,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/332,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/332,"Script is an expert specimen of the advanced a-b type described in CLA 5.554. ꝺ is spiral-shaped and E is regularly capital in the typical Corbie uncial headings. On fol. 141 the text is continued in Caroline minuscule. Corrections in Caroline minuscule of Corbie type. A ninth-century Corbie librarian entered a table of contents on fol. 1 of the St Petersburg part; opposite 'versus Probae' a seventeenth-century hand entered the note 'avulsi'; contents are repeated in verse by a later hand, saec. XI or XII on the last leaf, beginning ‘Iure sibi librum Corbeia vendicat istum'.
","Written at Corbie. Mentioned in several of their catalogues. The Cento Probae, now at Paris, was removed in the late sixteenth century from the volume and came into the possession of Claude Dupuy (†1594); this loss is stated in the Corbie catalogue of 1621. The main manuscript was taken in 1638 to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the numbers 598 and 783. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2, no. 2317. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 49.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/332.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/332.jpg 334,1732,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,11,**614,"Written presumably at Luxeuil. The manuscript was at Lyon in the ninth century, when it was used by Florus Diaconus. For the history of the [Geneva part](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/1270) see CLA 7. The Paris part, which in 1677 belonged to a member of the Fimarcon family in Gascony, was acquired by St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, around 1710 and entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf had been fol. 27 of the Paris part; it came into the collection of Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and was acquired by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae (279, 288, 21, 41, 38, 20, 358, 99, 359, 81, 194, 374, 352), Enarrationes in Psalmos, De Doctrina Christiana (1.9–15), Sermones (180). ",Parchment,,,"TM 59329",,"verso of Leningrad leaf shown",,,"Script is well~formed, broad uncial; for a description of the characteristic letters see [under Paris](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989); half-uncial is found only in the Paris part. A marginal entry by Florus Diaconus on the verso. For further details see under Paris and Geneva (CLA [5.614](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989), and [7.**614](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1270)).","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 13, dates to VII ex. ",,,,,989,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/334,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/334,"Script is well~formed, broad uncial; for a description of the characteristic letters see under Paris; half-uncial is found only in the Paris part. A marginal entry by Florus Diaconus on the verso. For further details see under Paris and Geneva (CLA 5.614, and 7.**614).
","Written presumably at Luxeuil. The manuscript was at Lyon in the ninth century, when it was used by Florus Diaconus. For the history of the Geneva part see CLA 7. The Paris part, which in 1677 belonged to a member of the Fimarcon family in Gascony, was acquired by St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, around 1710 and entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf had been fol. 27 of the Paris part; it came into the collection of Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and was acquired by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 13, dates to VII ex.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/334.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/334.jpg 335,1753,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,11,**635,"Written doubtless in Italy, presumably at Verona, to judge by the palaeographical affinity to MSS Vatic. Lat. 1322, Verona 22 (20), 53 (51), and 59 (57) (CLA [1.8](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/11); [4.490](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/838), [506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/854), [509](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/860)). Certainly in Gaul by the eighth century and at Corbie by the ninth. At St-Germain-des-Prés since 1638, where it bore the numbers 230 and later 766. The tenth book was apparently separated from the bulk of the manuscript (now at Paris) and was temporarily mislaid in the seventeenth century; it was not used by the Maurists for their edition of Augustine. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (1–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66802",,"fol. 1 of the Leningrad part",,,"Script is a careful half-uncial of an old type. Many early marginalia in quarter-uncial with ancient abbreviations. One early corrector added 'ex exemplar (sic) contuli', another 'contuli' stands at the end of book 10. Corrections added saec. IX. The verse: 'hunc augustino placuit conscribere librum' (saec. X) is seen in the upper margin of fol. 17. For other details see under [Paris](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1011).",,,,,,1011,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/335,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/335,"Script is a careful half-uncial of an old type. Many early marginalia in quarter-uncial with ancient abbreviations. One early corrector added 'ex exemplar (sic) contuli', another 'contuli' stands at the end of book 10. Corrections added saec. IX. The verse: 'hunc augustino placuit conscribere librum' (saec. X) is seen in the upper margin of fol. 17. For other details see under Paris.
","Written doubtless in Italy, presumably at Verona, to judge by the palaeographical affinity to MSS Vatic. Lat. 1322, Verona 22 (20), 53 (51), and 59 (57) (CLA 1.8; 4.490, 506, 509). Certainly in Gaul by the eighth century and at Corbie by the ninth. At St-Germain-des-Prés since 1638, where it bore the numbers 230 and later 766. The tenth book was apparently separated from the bulk of the manuscript (now at Paris) and was temporarily mislaid in the seventeenth century; it was not used by the Maurists for their edition of Augustine. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/335.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/335.jpg 336,1754,Uncial,"VI ex vel VI–VII",501,700,11,**646,"Written probably in Italy. Provenance Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 676 and 960. The St Petersburg leaves were acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",3,,,"Augustinus, Regula Monachorum; Maximus Taurinensis, Homiliae (74–76), Passio SS Iohannis et Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66814",,"fol. 4 ",,,"Script is a bold well-formed uncial: the oblique stroke of **N** is thin. See under [Paris](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1024) for other details.",,,,,,1024,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/336,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/336,"Script is a bold well-formed uncial: the oblique stroke of N is thin. See under Paris for other details.
","Written probably in Italy. Provenance Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 676 and 960. The St Petersburg leaves were acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/336.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/336.jpg 337,1764,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,11,**730,"Written in England. The manuscript apparently was broken up for binding purposes at Mont-St-Michel, as the three Avranches leaves come from this monastery. The St Petersburg leaf was acquired by Peter Dubrowsky (catalogue of 1845) during the French Revolution; it entered the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc 2.5–19, Lc 1–2, 5, 24.7–22, Io praef.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66899",,"foll. 1v-2 ",,,"Script is a bold, expert, calligraphic uncial mixed with capital elements by an Anglo-Saxon hand; **G** is regularly capital (also found in the Codex Aureus, CLA [11.1642](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/401), and the Vespasian Psalter , CLA [2.193](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/508)), **A** and **Q** often, **D**, **E**, and **V** here and there; **I** is long initially except where followed by a tall letter; tall **T** occurs at line-end; **X** is high-waisted; **LL** run together; ascenders and descenders are remarkably long. The wedge-shaped finial of uncial **ꝺ** betrays Anglo-Saxon penmanship. Smaller uncial script is used in the Preface to John.",,,,,,1135,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/337,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/337,"Script is a bold, expert, calligraphic uncial mixed with capital elements by an Anglo-Saxon hand; G is regularly capital (also found in the Codex Aureus, CLA 11.1642, and the Vespasian Psalter , CLA 2.193), A and Q often, D, E, and V here and there; I is long initially except where followed by a tall letter; tall T occurs at line-end; X is high-waisted; LL run together; ascenders and descenders are remarkably long. The wedge-shaped finial of uncial ꝺ betrays Anglo-Saxon penmanship. Smaller uncial script is used in the Preface to John.
","Written in England. The manuscript apparently was broken up for binding purposes at Mont-St-Michel, as the three Avranches leaves come from this monastery. The St Petersburg leaf was acquired by Peter Dubrowsky (catalogue of 1845) during the French Revolution; it entered the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/337.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/337.jpg 338,1794,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,11,**1337,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. All the fragments except the strips in Munich (see CLA [9.1337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1838)) are of Admont provenance.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores et Prophetae minores. (Is, Ier, Ez, Dn, Os, Agg, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67480",,"recto of the Chicago fragment",,,"Script is minuscule of Luxeuil type by a very expert scribe. An intercolumnar liturgical rubric is seen on the recto in the script of the text. Neumes added in the New Haven and New York Lamentation fragments.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Formerly Châlons-sur-Marne, Private collection H. Beck without number (now private collection Bern). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a.",,,8,,1838,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/338,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/338,"Script is minuscule of Luxeuil type by a very expert scribe. An intercolumnar liturgical rubric is seen on the recto in the script of the text. Neumes added in the New Haven and New York Lamentation fragments.
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. All the fragments except the strips in Munich (see CLA 9.1337) are of Admont provenance.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Formerly Châlons-sur-Marne, Private collection H. Beck without number (now private collection Bern). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/338.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/338.jpg 339,1722,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1589,"Written in South England or in a German scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence. The ascription to York is a mere conjecture without evidence. Noteworthy are the words 'EPISCO' at the end of the colophon. The fragments were all used in bindings, with the following titles still showing: 'Das Leben Konigin Magdalena. 1625 Inspruck' (on the Budapest Museum fragment), 'Latine. 256. L Mirabilia urbis Romae' (Budapest University fragment), and 'Nicolai Macchiavelli historia. 1610. Argentorati' (Berlin fragment). Jacob Grimm acquired the Berlin bifolium from 'Hassenpflug', probably the Johann Hassenpflug who was Stadtschultheiss in Hanau and later Regierungsdirektor in Kassel.",,,,"Beda, Vita S Cuthberti Metrica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67754",,"Budapest Museum fol. 2v and Univ fol. 2v",,,"Script is a neat and expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type practised in South England and in German centres under Anglo-Saxon influence: long descenders are striking; **a** and **d** have two forms; **e** is theta-shaped; **Ᵹ** has a pointed chest; **i** occurs subscript; the stem of final **ꞇ** often ends in a comma-like thickening; the **ti** ligature resembles q with a horn at the top.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 347.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/339,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/339,"Script is a neat and expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type practised in South England and in German centres under Anglo-Saxon influence: long descenders are striking; a and d have two forms; e is theta-shaped; Ᵹ has a pointed chest; i occurs subscript; the stem of final ꞇ often ends in a comma-like thickening; the ti ligature resembles q with a horn at the top.
","Written in South England or in a German scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence. The ascription to York is a mere conjecture without evidence. Noteworthy are the words 'EPISCO' at the end of the colophon. The fragments were all used in bindings, with the following titles still showing: 'Das Leben Konigin Magdalena. 1625 Inspruck' (on the Budapest Museum fragment), 'Latine. 256. L Mirabilia urbis Romae' (Budapest University fragment), and 'Nicolai Macchiavelli historia. 1610. Argentorati' (Berlin fragment). Jacob Grimm acquired the Berlin bifolium from 'Hassenpflug', probably the Johann Hassenpflug who was Stadtschultheiss in Hanau and later Regierungsdirektor in Kassel.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 347.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/339.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/339.jpg 340,1723,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,11,1590,"Written doubtless in North Italy, as is suggested by the **MA** abbreviation for misericordia and by the comma-shaped stroke in letter **N**. Later history unknown. The fragments were finally used for a binding of a manuscript of 'Officia Marci Tullii Cice:'.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67755",,"foll. 4 and 2v",,,"Script is a natural late uncial of Italian type; the second upright of **N** is comma-shaped; **P** and **q** have long descenders; the ligature of **LI**, **I** being subscript, is unusual; **FF** and **LL** run together; **OR** ligature even in mid-word; other ligatures used are **LE**, **RE**, and **XP**; minuscule is used in the liturgical formula on fol. 1v and in the run-over at the foot of fol. 3v, likewise for some contemporary corrections.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/340,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/340,"Script is a natural late uncial of Italian type; the second upright of N is comma-shaped; P and q have long descenders; the ligature of LI, I being subscript, is unusual; FF and LL run together; OR ligature even in mid-word; other ligatures used are LE, RE, and XP; minuscule is used in the liturgical formula on fol. 1v and in the run-over at the foot of fol. 3v, likewise for some contemporary corrections.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, as is suggested by the MA abbreviation for misericordia and by the comma-shaped stroke in letter N. Later history unknown. The fragments were finally used for a binding of a manuscript of 'Officia Marci Tullii Cice:'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/340.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/340.jpg 341,1724,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1591,"Written most likely in England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Our fragment was removed from the binding of a fifteenth-century Latin-German prayer book, which belonged to cardinal János Simor, archbishop of Esztergom (†1891). It could not be located in 1963 (teste L. Mezey).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (1.12.5–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67756",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is not very expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a considerable admixture of majuscule: **a** and **s** are regularly majuscule; **d** and **r** have two forms.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/341,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/341,"Script is not very expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a considerable admixture of majuscule: a and s are regularly majuscule; d and r have two forms.
","Written most likely in England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Our fragment was removed from the binding of a fifteenth-century Latin-German prayer book, which belonged to cardinal János Simor, archbishop of Esztergom (†1891). It could not be located in 1963 (teste L. Mezey).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/341.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/341.jpg 342,1725,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1592,"Written in the Rhine-Moselle region, where the early court minuscule was formed. Belonged to Echternach in the fifteenth century (ex-libris on foll. 1v–2).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (41–50).",Parchment,,,"TM 67757",,"foll. 88v and 128 ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is roundish early Caroline minuscule of rather irregular proportions, with some resemblance to the script of Metz 732, fol. 4 (CLA [6.790](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1204)): open **a** more often than **a**; **c** often rises above the line; **d** has two forms; the head of **g** is rather small, here and there the flat-topped **Ᵹ**; uncial **N** even in mid-word; **u** often suprascript; numerous ligatures including **ei**, **fi** (in the Italian form), **mi**, **nt**, and **rp**. There is a tendency to distinguish the hard and soft **ti**. Notae Tironianae on fol. 114v. Numerous probationes pennae saec. IX and X on foll. 1 and 141v and on the margins of the last pages. Table of contents entered on fol. 2 (saec. XIII in.).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2533a.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/342,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/342,"Script, by more than one hand, is roundish early Caroline minuscule of rather irregular proportions, with some resemblance to the script of Metz 732, fol. 4 (CLA 6.790): open a more often than a; c often rises above the line; d has two forms; the head of g is rather small, here and there the flat-topped Ᵹ; uncial N even in mid-word; u often suprascript; numerous ligatures including ei, fi (in the Italian form), mi, nt, and rp. There is a tendency to distinguish the hard and soft ti. Notae Tironianae on fol. 114v. Numerous probationes pennae saec. IX and X on foll. 1 and 141v and on the margins of the last pages. Table of contents entered on fol. 2 (saec. XIII in.).
","Written in the Rhine-Moselle region, where the early court minuscule was formed. Belonged to Echternach in the fifteenth century (ex-libris on foll. 1v–2).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2533a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/342.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/342.jpg 343,1726,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1593,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript was probably written in some border-line centre, to judge from features pointing to Italy as well as to South-east Germany, and copied perhaps from an uncial exemplar as the intrusion of uncial letters here and there suggests. The erased addition beginning 'ARON EPS' on page 5 probably refers to Aaron, bishop of Krakow (1046–59), to judge from the forms of the capital letters. Chemical reagent has now rendered most of the addition illegible.",,,,"Praedicationes; Arnobius Iunior, Annotationes in Quaedam Evangeliorum Loca.",Parchment,,,"TM 67758",,"pages 32 and 129",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a rather mixed type, characterized by clubbed ascenders and constant use of ligatures with **r**, especially in **ri**: **a** is the rule except after **r**, where open **a** occurs regularly in the **ra** ligature; **ꝺ** has the uncial form; **e** before **m** or **n** rises above the line; horned **o** in the **ro** ligature; uncial **R** here and there in the minuscule; **y** is long and dotted; **z** has two forms, in one of which the two horizontals are semicircular, with the first open at the top and the second at the bottom—a form frequent in German manuscripts; **nt** and **ot** ligatures frequent, even in mid-word; **ri** ligature is the rule. A prayer in gauche Caroline minuscule, apparently added later and written in the same place as the main text, stands on p. 2–3. A description of the precious stones of the Apocalypse and an altered text of the Trisagion were added in crude uncial on p. 4–6. Probationes pennae on pages 1 and 8.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 2006. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/343,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/343,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a rather mixed type, characterized by clubbed ascenders and constant use of ligatures with r, especially in ri: a is the rule except after r, where open a occurs regularly in the ra ligature; ꝺ has the uncial form; e before m or n rises above the line; horned o in the ro ligature; uncial R here and there in the minuscule; y is long and dotted; z has two forms, in one of which the two horizontals are semicircular, with the first open at the top and the second at the bottom—a form frequent in German manuscripts; nt and ot ligatures frequent, even in mid-word; ri ligature is the rule. A prayer in gauche Caroline minuscule, apparently added later and written in the same place as the main text, stands on p. 2–3. A description of the precious stones of the Apocalypse and an altered text of the Trisagion were added in crude uncial on p. 4–6. Probationes pennae on pages 1 and 8.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript was probably written in some border-line centre, to judge from features pointing to Italy as well as to South-east Germany, and copied perhaps from an uncial exemplar as the intrusion of uncial letters here and there suggests. The erased addition beginning 'ARON EPS' on page 5 probably refers to Aaron, bishop of Krakow (1046–59), to judge from the forms of the capital letters. Chemical reagent has now rendered most of the addition illegible.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 2006.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/343.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/343.jpg 344,1727,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1594,"Written in South-east Germany, probably in the Salzburg area. Found in Kruszwica, from where it came into the library of Włocławek cathedral. Now kept in the Institute for Auxiliary Sciences of History of the Jagellonian University in Krakow.",,,,"Lectionarium, 'Comes Duplex'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67759",,"one side of the fragment shown",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule reminiscent of certain manuscripts of the Salzburg type (Vienna Lat. 313* and 366, CLA [10.1475](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/193) and [1476](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/194) and others), though different in admitting uncial **N** and **R** and the ligatures **ra** and **re**: ascenders slightly wedge-shaped; descenders in part longish. Corrected in the ninth century.","☛Formerly Włocławek, Cathedral Library fragm. without number. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 2007. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/344,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/344,"Script is early Caroline minuscule reminiscent of certain manuscripts of the Salzburg type (Vienna Lat. 313* and 366, CLA 10.1475 and 1476 and others), though different in admitting uncial N and R and the ligatures ra and re: ascenders slightly wedge-shaped; descenders in part longish. Corrected in the ninth century.
","Written in South-east Germany, probably in the Salzburg area. Found in Kruszwica, from where it came into the library of Włocławek cathedral. Now kept in the Institute for Auxiliary Sciences of History of the Jagellonian University in Krakow.
","☛Formerly Włocławek, Cathedral Library fragm. without number. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 2007.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/344.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/344.jpg 345,1728,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,11,1595,"Written presumably in England by a Northumbrian scribe, to judge by the general resemblance to English uncial and specifically to certain features of the Northumbrian capitulary type. It is significant that two other items (CLA, [9.1356](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1857) and [11.1664](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/423)) in the same type of English uncial also contain the works of England's favourite Church Father. Was apparently on the Continent by the tenth century to judge by corrections. Later used for binding purposes.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.7.13–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67760",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is graceful disciplined uncial closest to that of the previously mentioned [Stonyhurst Gospel](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579): the bow of **A** is distinctly pendant; **N** and **X** resemble their counterparts in the Stonyhurst manuscript; likewise the high form of **T** near line-end; **FF** run together often, **LL** regularly; ligatures include **AE**, **NT**, **ON**, **TR**, **UT**. Small corrections in Continental minuscule ca. saec. X.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/345,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/345,"Script is graceful disciplined uncial closest to that of the previously mentioned Stonyhurst Gospel: the bow of A is distinctly pendant; N and X resemble their counterparts in the Stonyhurst manuscript; likewise the high form of T near line-end; FF run together often, LL regularly; ligatures include AE, NT, ON, TR, UT. Small corrections in Continental minuscule ca. saec. X.
","Written presumably in England by a Northumbrian scribe, to judge by the general resemblance to English uncial and specifically to certain features of the Northumbrian capitulary type. It is significant that two other items (CLA, 9.1356 and 11.1664) in the same type of English uncial also contain the works of England's favourite Church Father. Was apparently on the Continent by the tenth century to judge by corrections. Later used for binding purposes.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/345.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/345.jpg 346,1729,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,11,1596,"Written probably in Northern Italy, as suggested by the type of sacramentary and by the character of the script. The Stockholm fragment was recovered from the binding of an Avicenna 'Liber canonis' printed in Venice in 1507.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67761",,"Stockholm fragment shown",,,"Script is a well-formed uncial of later type with minuscule elements here and there at line-ends: the tail of **G** is short; **LL** run together; the ligatures of **en** and **ri** are admitted at line-ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/346,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/346,"Script is a well-formed uncial of later type with minuscule elements here and there at line-ends: the tail of G is short; LL run together; the ligatures of en and ri are admitted at line-ends.
","Written probably in Northern Italy, as suggested by the type of sacramentary and by the character of the script. The Stockholm fragment was recovered from the binding of an Avicenna 'Liber canonis' printed in Venice in 1507.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/346.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/346.jpg 347,1733,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,11,1597,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script, and not long after the publication of this work in the year 601. A somewhat earlier copy of a work by Gregory is seen in Troyes MS 504 (CLA [6.838](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1253)). The fragment came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, from Corbie where it had served as fly-leaf to a manuscript.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (11).",Parchment,,,"TM 67762",,"Image from the verso",,,"Script is a calligraphic uncial, not of the oldest type; the bow of **A** is shallow; **S** is often top-heavy; the ligature **UR** and half~uncial **ꞅ** occur at line-end. To be compared with the Pappenheim fragment of the same work (CLA [9.1348](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1849)) with which it almost agrees in number of lines, in size of written area, and in manner of marking omitted **M**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/347,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/347,"Script is a calligraphic uncial, not of the oldest type; the bow of A is shallow; S is often top-heavy; the ligature UR and half~uncial ꞅ occur at line-end. To be compared with the Pappenheim fragment of the same work (CLA 9.1348) with which it almost agrees in number of lines, in size of written area, and in manner of marking omitted M.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script, and not long after the publication of this work in the year 601. A somewhat earlier copy of a work by Gregory is seen in Troyes MS 504 (CLA 6.838). The fragment came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, from Corbie where it had served as fly-leaf to a manuscript.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/347.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/347.jpg 350,1734,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,11,1598,"Written presumably at Corbie, doubtless in the same North French centre as MS Q. v. I. 13 (CLA [11.1616](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/370)), also from Corbie, with which our manuscript has various features in common. The Corbie ex-libris 'Liber de antiq(ua) corbeia' (saec. XII) on fol. 1.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Basilius Caesariensis, Regula.",Parchment,,,"TM 67763",,"foll. 16 and 38 ",,,"Script of the main part is a slightly irregular uncial, by more than one hand: the bows of **P**, **g**, and **R** and the lower bow of **B** are broad; **LL** run together; tall **T** and V-shaped **U** occur frequently at and near line-end to save space; **Y** has two forms; both **b and **B** in the list of chapters (foll. 2v–4v); some descenders are long; half-uncial is used on foll. 29v–30, 38, 49–55, but with the 'Interrogationes' partly in uncial. Corrections in early cursive minuscule and in ninth-century Corbie minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/350,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/350,"Script of the main part is a slightly irregular uncial, by more than one hand: the bows of P, g, and R and the lower bow of B are broad; LL run together; tall T and V-shaped U occur frequently at and near line-end to save space; Y has two forms; both **b and B in the list of chapters (foll. 2v–4v); some descenders are long; half-uncial is used on foll. 29v–30, 38, 49–55, but with the 'Interrogationes' partly in uncial. Corrections in early cursive minuscule and in ninth-century Corbie minuscule.
","Written presumably at Corbie, doubtless in the same North French centre as MS Q. v. I. 13 (CLA 11.1616), also from Corbie, with which our manuscript has various features in common. The Corbie ex-libris 'Liber de antiq(ua) corbeia' (saec. XII) on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/350.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/350.jpg 351,1735,"Uncial and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1599,"Written probably in Northumbria, possibly by Northumbrian scribes in a Continental centre, and in the same scriptorium that produced the manuscript of Jerome on Isaiah with which it is bound (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/353)). Belonged to Corbie.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Iob) cum glossis et expositionibus Philippi Presbyteri.",Parchment,,,"TM 67764",,"fol. 38 ",,,"Script of the text is uncial of a Northumbrian type: **h** and **M** seem to have knobbed finials; **LL** usually run together; **S** is distinctly top-heavy. The text was written with disproportionately wide intervals between the lines in order to leave room for glosses; text and glosses can be regarded as contemporary. Script of the glosses is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with **r** normally short and **u** often cup-shaped and suprascript; subscript **i** and **o** occur; ligature of **tio** has the **o** on the top of **t**, as in the script of the Northumbrian Peregrinus (CLA [9.1283](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1775), fig. 2, line 4: excussationis). The Explicit-line has a doxology in a slightly more fanciful minuscule (fol. 38). A corrector saec. XI expanded the unfamiliar abbreviations.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/351,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/351,"Script of the text is uncial of a Northumbrian type: h and M seem to have knobbed finials; LL usually run together; S is distinctly top-heavy. The text was written with disproportionately wide intervals between the lines in order to leave room for glosses; text and glosses can be regarded as contemporary. Script of the glosses is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with r normally short and u often cup-shaped and suprascript; subscript i and o occur; ligature of tio has the o on the top of t, as in the script of the Northumbrian Peregrinus (CLA 9.1283, fig. 2, line 4: excussationis). The Explicit-line has a doxology in a slightly more fanciful minuscule (fol. 38). A corrector saec. XI expanded the unfamiliar abbreviations.
","Written probably in Northumbria, possibly by Northumbrian scribes in a Continental centre, and in the same scriptorium that produced the manuscript of Jerome on Isaiah with which it is bound (see next item). Belonged to Corbie.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/351.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/351.jpg 353,1736,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1600,"Written probably in Northumbria, possibly by Northumbrian scribes in a Continental centre, and in the same scriptorium that produced the glossed manuscript of Job with which it is bound. For later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/351).",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Isaiam (abbreviatio).",Parchment,,,"TM 67765",,"foll. 40, 54, 61v, and 67v",,,"Script, by several hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, in part pointed and probably Northumbrian: **d** is normally open; in the stiff and angular script on foll. 63 ff. **r** is short and **u** often cup-shaped and suprascript; ligatures include **di**, **li**, **lis**, **ti**. The biblical lemmata are partly in larger minuscule or in compressed majuscule with a tendency to diminish gradually in size [i.e. dimenuendo].",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/353,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/353,"Script, by several hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, in part pointed and probably Northumbrian: d is normally open; in the stiff and angular script on foll. 63 ff. r is short and u often cup-shaped and suprascript; ligatures include di, li, lis, ti. The biblical lemmata are partly in larger minuscule or in compressed majuscule with a tendency to diminish gradually in size [i.e. dimenuendo].
","Written probably in Northumbria, possibly by Northumbrian scribes in a Continental centre, and in the same scriptorium that produced the glossed manuscript of Job with which it is bound. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/353.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/353.jpg 355,1738,Half-Uncial,"VIII med vel VIII²",726,800,11,1601,"Written doubtless at Corbie, presumably under Abbot Leutchar, to judge by some similarity in script to the Ingreus MS F. v. I. 6 written for this abbot. Leutchar is documented as abbot in 765. Our manuscript is mentioned in the eleventh-century Corbie catalogue. Removed from Corbie to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it received the numbers 756 and 100. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps, Canticum: Ex 15.1–19, Dt 32.1–43, Is 5.1–7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67766",,"fol. 14v",,,"Script, by several hands, is half-uncial of the so-called Leutchar type, but differing slightly from that of Ingreus, the scribe of the signed Leutchar manuscript F. v. I. 6 (CLA [11.1602](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/356)): uncial **𐌾** occurs regularly, **ꝺ** frequently, and **R** and **S** occasionally; **i**-longa is used often; **y** has the Insular form with both branches leaning to the right and is often dotted; ascenders are club-shaped; strokes do not always join.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/355,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/355,"Script, by several hands, is half-uncial of the so-called Leutchar type, but differing slightly from that of Ingreus, the scribe of the signed Leutchar manuscript F. v. I. 6 (CLA 11.1602): uncial 𐌾 occurs regularly, ꝺ frequently, and R and S occasionally; i-longa is used often; y has the Insular form with both branches leaning to the right and is often dotted; ascenders are club-shaped; strokes do not always join.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, presumably under Abbot Leutchar, to judge by some similarity in script to the Ingreus MS F. v. I. 6 written for this abbot. Leutchar is documented as abbot in 765. Our manuscript is mentioned in the eleventh-century Corbie catalogue. Removed from Corbie to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it received the numbers 756 and 100. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/355.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/355.jpg 356,1739,Half-Uncial,"VIII med vel VIII²",726,800,11,1602,"Written at Corbie by Ingreus at the order of Abbot Leutchar, who is documented as abbot in the year 765. Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it bore the numbers 119 and 205. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Ambrosius, In Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 67767",,"foll. 90, 210, and 211",,,"Script, by Ingreus, is a somewhat squashed half-uncial of a special type named after Leutchar who ordered this manuscript (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiii f., [8.1067a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1529), and the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/355)): characteristic are the use of uncial **𐌾**, with the tail swinging boldly to the left as in Luxeuil uncial (cf. CLA [4.497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845)), and **N** with a low, almost horizontal, middle stroke; **y** is dotted; ascenders are club-shaped; strokes are often unjoined. The scribe signs in uncial : 'INGREUS AꝹIUUANTE ꝹNO SCRIbSIT' (fol. 210). The Leutchar entry, which seems added by a later hand, is in artificial mannered uncial and reads: 'LEUTChARIUS ABBA IUSSIT FIERI' (fol. 211). Below it, in curious capitals, stands the name RATBERTVS, which Mabillon was inclined to consider the autograph of Radbertus Paschasius, the later abbot of Corbie (†post 856). The manuscript still has its Carolingian binding.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/356,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/356,"Script, by Ingreus, is a somewhat squashed half-uncial of a special type named after Leutchar who ordered this manuscript (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiii f., 8.1067a, and the preceding item): characteristic are the use of uncial 𐌾, with the tail swinging boldly to the left as in Luxeuil uncial (cf. CLA 4.497), and N with a low, almost horizontal, middle stroke; y is dotted; ascenders are club-shaped; strokes are often unjoined. The scribe signs in uncial : 'INGREUS AꝹIUUANTE ꝹNO SCRIbSIT' (fol. 210). The Leutchar entry, which seems added by a later hand, is in artificial mannered uncial and reads: 'LEUTChARIUS ABBA IUSSIT FIERI' (fol. 211). Below it, in curious capitals, stands the name RATBERTVS, which Mabillon was inclined to consider the autograph of Radbertus Paschasius, the later abbot of Corbie (†post 856). The manuscript still has its Carolingian binding.
","Written at Corbie by Ingreus at the order of Abbot Leutchar, who is documented as abbot in the year 765. Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it bore the numbers 119 and 205. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/356.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/356.jpg 357,1740,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII² (c. 787)",787,800,11,1603,"Written in Italy, possibly in the North, to judge by the script, and under the supervision of Paulus as a gift for Adalhard, abbot of Corbie, as appears from the dedicatory letter on fol. 1; it seems problematical whether the opening lines of this letter are in the hand of Paulus, with the rest written by his 'clericulus'. Our manuscript is mentioned in Corbie catalogues of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 169 and 858. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Epistulae ('Collectio Pauli Diaconi').",Parchment,,,"TM 67768",,"foll. 1 and 39v",,,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of Italian type: **a** has three forms, **d** has two; **i**-longa is found initially and medially; **o** sometimes ends in a thin horn; **r** occasionally extends over the following vowel; ligatures include **ti** (for hard ti) and **tu**. Comparison with the script of the Cividale manuscript of Paulus is hardly convincing.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/357,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/357,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of Italian type: a has three forms, d has two; i-longa is found initially and medially; o sometimes ends in a thin horn; r occasionally extends over the following vowel; ligatures include ti (for hard ti) and tu. Comparison with the script of the Cividale manuscript of Paulus is hardly convincing.
","Written in Italy, possibly in the North, to judge by the script, and under the supervision of Paulus as a gift for Adalhard, abbot of Corbie, as appears from the dedicatory letter on fol. 1; it seems problematical whether the opening lines of this letter are in the hand of Paulus, with the rest written by his 'clericulus'. Our manuscript is mentioned in Corbie catalogues of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 169 and 858. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/357.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/357.jpg 358,1741,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1604,"Written presumably in France. Was early united to the manuscript of Gregory's letters described in the [previous item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/357), as the composite volume is listed in a twelfth-century Corbie catalogue as 'Epistolae de registro cum exceptione'. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 169 and 858. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Lathcen, Ecloga Gregorii Moralium in Iob (1–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 67769",,"fol. 51 ",,,"Script is a small, neat early Caroline minuscule with three forms of **a**; the ligature **ri** is very frequent and seems to be the only one.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2305. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/358,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/358,"Script is a small, neat early Caroline minuscule with three forms of a; the ligature ri is very frequent and seems to be the only one.
","Written presumably in France. Was early united to the manuscript of Gregory's letters described in the previous item, as the composite volume is listed in a twelfth-century Corbie catalogue as 'Epistolae de registro cum exceptione'. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 169 and 858. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2305.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/358.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/358.jpg 359,1742,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1605,"Written certainly in England; the text points to Northumbria, an origin favoured by most art historians, but Kent is suggested by the theta-shaped **e** found in several contemporary Kentish charters. Belonged to St-Maur-des-Fosses. Later at St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the number 108. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 (fol. 213) and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment," Codex Fossatensis.",,"TM 67770",,"foll. 20 and 177",,,"Script, by several scribes, is Anglo-Saxon majuscule partly in compressed form: **ꝺ** and **d**, **N** and **n**, **R** and **r** are used; **S** is more frequent than **ꞅ**; **e** in one hand is distinctly theta-shaped; **m** turned sideways and pointed **u** occur at line-end; ligatures such as **eNꞅ** and **n** with subscript **t** are found at line-end. The last line of a page is occasionally in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A later hand added a note mentioning ‘frideger' on fol. 213v. Runes, scratched in between the columns, occur on fol. 213. Some liturgical rubrics seen here are also found in the Lindisfarne Gospels (CLA [2.187](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502)) and the Codex Amiatinus (CLA [3.299](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/359,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/359,"Script, by several scribes, is Anglo-Saxon majuscule partly in compressed form: ꝺ and d, N and n, R and r are used; S is more frequent than ꞅ; e in one hand is distinctly theta-shaped; m turned sideways and pointed u occur at line-end; ligatures such as eNꞅ and n with subscript t are found at line-end. The last line of a page is occasionally in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A later hand added a note mentioning ‘frideger' on fol. 213v. Runes, scratched in between the columns, occur on fol. 213. Some liturgical rubrics seen here are also found in the Lindisfarne Gospels (CLA 2.187) and the Codex Amiatinus (CLA 3.299).
","Written certainly in England; the text points to Northumbria, an origin favoured by most art historians, but Kent is suggested by the theta-shaped e found in several contemporary Kentish charters. Belonged to St-Maur-des-Fosses. Later at St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the number 108. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 (fol. 213) and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/359.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/359.jpg 360,1743,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,11,1606,"Written doubtless by Corbie scribes who, if the following inscriptions be genuine, must have worked on the island of Noirmoutier (Hero) for Abbot Adalhard while he was exiled there (814–21). The inscriptions read: 'hic codex iubente adalardo hero fuit scriptus' (saec. XI–XII) and 'hic codex hero insula scriptus fuit iubente sco patre Adalhardo dum exularet ibi' (saec. XII). These inscriptions, it should be noted, are a much later addition, but it is a proven fact that this curious artificial script did actually survive into the second decade of the ninth century. The manuscript was taken from Corbie to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 507 and 460. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Historia Tripartita.",Parchment,,,"TM 67771",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script, by numerous scribes, is minuscule of a special type called a-b from its distinguishing letters which is fully described in CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914); for a list of manuscripts in this script see CLA, 6, p. xxv f. A change of hand is seen even in mid-quire and at the beginning of as many as thirteen quires.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2308. ",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/360,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/360,"Script, by numerous scribes, is minuscule of a special type called a-b from its distinguishing letters which is fully described in CLA 5.554; for a list of manuscripts in this script see CLA, 6, p. xxv f. A change of hand is seen even in mid-quire and at the beginning of as many as thirteen quires.
","Written doubtless by Corbie scribes who, if the following inscriptions be genuine, must have worked on the island of Noirmoutier (Hero) for Abbot Adalhard while he was exiled there (814–21). The inscriptions read: 'hic codex iubente adalardo hero fuit scriptus' (saec. XI–XII) and 'hic codex hero insula scriptus fuit iubente sco patre Adalhardo dum exularet ibi' (saec. XII). These inscriptions, it should be noted, are a much later addition, but it is a proven fact that this curious artificial script did actually survive into the second decade of the ninth century. The manuscript was taken from Corbie to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 507 and 460. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2308.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/360.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/360.jpg 361,1744,Half-Uncial,"VIII med vel VIII²",726,800,11,1607,"Written doubtless in North France, probably at Corbie, to judge by the script and decoration. Bound very early as a fly-leaf in a manuscript in 'Corbie' script. For the later history, see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/360).",,49.9077,2.5119,"Vita S Lupi Trecensis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67772",,"fol. 250, the recto of the back fly-leaf",,,"Script is an artificial half-uncial of a type approaching minuscule in vogue at Corbie: **a** resembles joined oc; **g** is top-heavy and recalls the form common in the a-b type; the shoulder of **r** is small; the horizontal of **ꞇ** forms a loop; ascenders and descenders are rather long; the script has a marked resemblance to that of the Paris Oribasius (CLA [5.688](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1078)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/361,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/361,"Script is an artificial half-uncial of a type approaching minuscule in vogue at Corbie: a resembles joined oc; g is top-heavy and recalls the form common in the a-b type; the shoulder of r is small; the horizontal of ꞇ forms a loop; ascenders and descenders are rather long; the script has a marked resemblance to that of the Paris Oribasius (CLA 5.688).
","Written doubtless in North France, probably at Corbie, to judge by the script and decoration. Bound very early as a fly-leaf in a manuscript in 'Corbie' script. For the later history, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/361.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/361.jpg 362,1745,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,11,1608,"Written in North Italy, almost beyond doubt at Ravenna, the city of St Apollinaris, possibly in the scriptorium which produced the Mombello Rotulus from Ravenna, with which it agrees in script and punctuation (cf. CLA [3.371](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/709)). Belonged to Corbie until 1638. At St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, the composite volume of which this manuscript is a part bore the number 666, later 1038. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791, by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Passio S Apollinaris.",Parchment,,,"TM 67773",,"foll. 58 and 62 ",,,"Script is large uncial of Italian type: the bow of **A** is small and often has a pendant hair-line; the base of **B** sometimes extends beyond the bow; **C** and **E** ending in a small shaded triangle are formed in the Greek manner (cf. CLA [3.371](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/709)); the second upright of **N** is comma or wedge-shaped; **R** is mostly high-waisted and **S** top-heavy; **LL** run together; descenders are rather long and stake-shaped; capital **D** is used in the concluding lines. The scribe wrote the formula 'ꝹEO GRATIAS' four times at the end to form a cross. An Italian minuscule hand saec. VIII–IX added the Explicit on fol. 62.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2310a.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/362,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/362,"Script is large uncial of Italian type: the bow of A is small and often has a pendant hair-line; the base of B sometimes extends beyond the bow; C and E ending in a small shaded triangle are formed in the Greek manner (cf. CLA 3.371); the second upright of N is comma or wedge-shaped; R is mostly high-waisted and S top-heavy; LL run together; descenders are rather long and stake-shaped; capital D is used in the concluding lines. The scribe wrote the formula 'ꝹEO GRATIAS' four times at the end to form a cross. An Italian minuscule hand saec. VIII–IX added the Explicit on fol. 62.
","Written in North Italy, almost beyond doubt at Ravenna, the city of St Apollinaris, possibly in the scriptorium which produced the Mombello Rotulus from Ravenna, with which it agrees in script and punctuation (cf. CLA 3.371). Belonged to Corbie until 1638. At St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, the composite volume of which this manuscript is a part bore the number 666, later 1038. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791, by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2310a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/362.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/362.jpg 363,1746,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1609,"Written at Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638. For the later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/362).",,49.9077,2.5119,"Passio SS Dionysii, Rustici, et Eleutheri.",Parchment,,,"TM 67774",,"fol. 63 ",,,"Script is excellent, fully developed Caroline minuscule of a distinct type named after the patron of the Amiens Bible (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv and [6.707](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102)).",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/363,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/363,"Script is excellent, fully developed Caroline minuscule of a distinct type named after the patron of the Amiens Bible (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv and 6.707).
","Written at Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638. For the later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/363.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/363.jpg 364,1747,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1610,"Written in France, apparently in the North and possibly in the Paris monastery of which St Germain was the patron. Belonged later to Corbie. For further history CLA [11.1608](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/362).",,,,"Venantius Fortunatus, Vita S Germani Parisiensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67775",,"fol. 81v ",,,"Script is rather bold and well-formed Caroline minuscule: **d** is made in three strokes; uncial **ꝺ** also occurs.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2311.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/364,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/364,"Script is rather bold and well-formed Caroline minuscule: d is made in three strokes; uncial ꝺ also occurs.
","Written in France, apparently in the North and possibly in the Paris monastery of which St Germain was the patron. Belonged later to Corbie. For further history CLA 11.1608.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2311.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/364.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/364.jpg 365,1749,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1611,"Written doubtless at Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638. It was bound together with a collection of Vitae Sanctorum now forming MS F. v. I. 12, CLA [11.1608](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/362), [1609](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/363), [1610](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/364). For later history see CLA [11.1608](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/362).",,49.9077,2.5119,"Tractatus de Morbis Mulierum, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67776",,"fol. 17v (olim 123v)",,,"Script by several hands, some recalling Maurdramn minuscule, some (especially on foll. 23v, 24, 25) of a more ordinary minuscule: open **a** (often resembling two successive c's) more frequent than **a**; the club-shaped ascenders and the forms of **f** and **s** recall Maurdamn style; **N** is frequent in the minuscule; numerous ligatures including **nꞇ** and or, even in mid-word. The texts from fol. 38v on, beginning with a poem by the Irishman Israel, seem to be tenth-century additions.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2316. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/365,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/365,"Script by several hands, some recalling Maurdramn minuscule, some (especially on foll. 23v, 24, 25) of a more ordinary minuscule: open a (often resembling two successive c's) more frequent than a; the club-shaped ascenders and the forms of f and s recall Maurdamn style; N is frequent in the minuscule; numerous ligatures including nꞇ and or, even in mid-word. The texts from fol. 38v on, beginning with a poem by the Irishman Israel, seem to be tenth-century additions.
","Written doubtless at Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638. It was bound together with a collection of Vitae Sanctorum now forming MS F. v. I. 12, CLA 11.1608, 1609, 1610. For later history see CLA 11.1608.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2316.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/365.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/365.jpg 366,1751,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,11,1612,"Written in a French centre. Belonged at an early date to Moutier-St Jean of Réôme near Semur and was possibly written there: the early ex-libris in uncial on the opening folio reads vertically, 'liber sancti iohannis (confessoris) reomaensis'; a later ex-libris saec. VIII stands on fol. 276v. Was in the possession of Achille III de Harlay and presented by him to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1710, where it was given the number 718. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae (In Leviticum, In Iesu Naue); Optatus Milevitanus, De Persecutione.",Parchment,,,"TM 67777",,"foll. 243 and 1v",,,"Script is uncial, apparently by more than one hand; that which begins on fol. 131 is somewhat squarish: the bow of **A** is pendant and varies in form; the upper end of **ꝺ** often turns up; the hasta of **E** is often centred; **LL** mostly touch; **TI** are sometimes so close as to resemble Greek **π**; **Y** is short and undotted; descenders strikingly long in parts of the manuscript. Marginalia and corrections in small capitals, including notes in Greek letters, as in CLA [10.1575](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/302): ΔΙΕΟΙΝΤΑΦΗΡΙΑCΧΙΠCΙΑΙΒΡΟΜ (die quinta feria sc[r]ipsi librum). A table of contents in early French minuscule (fol. 1v) and corrections in Merovingian cursive; barred **L** occurs here and there in the margins. Numerous Notae Tironianae, especially on fol. 1. The manuscript still has a medieval binding.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/366,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/366,"Script is uncial, apparently by more than one hand; that which begins on fol. 131 is somewhat squarish: the bow of A is pendant and varies in form; the upper end of ꝺ often turns up; the hasta of E is often centred; LL mostly touch; TI are sometimes so close as to resemble Greek π; Y is short and undotted; descenders strikingly long in parts of the manuscript. Marginalia and corrections in small capitals, including notes in Greek letters, as in CLA 10.1575: ΔΙΕΟΙΝΤΑΦΗΡΙΑCΧΙΠCΙΑΙΒΡΟΜ (die quinta feria sc[r]ipsi librum). A table of contents in early French minuscule (fol. 1v) and corrections in Merovingian cursive; barred L occurs here and there in the margins. Numerous Notae Tironianae, especially on fol. 1. The manuscript still has a medieval binding.
","Written in a French centre. Belonged at an early date to Moutier-St Jean of Réôme near Semur and was possibly written there: the early ex-libris in uncial on the opening folio reads vertically, 'liber sancti iohannis (confessoris) reomaensis'; a later ex-libris saec. VIII stands on fol. 276v. Was in the possession of Achille III de Harlay and presented by him to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1710, where it was given the number 718. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/366.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/366.jpg 367,1752,Uncial,"IV–V (396–426)",396,426,11,1613,"Written probably in Africa, to judge by the script of one of the two hands though the other is manifestly trained in the Italian manner. African origin is supported by W. M. Green's brilliant hypothesis that the volume was produced at Hippo in the author's early episcopacy. This renders it one of the most precious in the entire CLA series. The manuscript belonged to Corbie where it is mentioned in several catalogues. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the number 254. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Augustinus, Libri II ad Interrogata Simplicii, Contra Epistulam Fundamenti, De Agone Christiano, De Doctrina Christiana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67778",,"foll. 86 and 152 ",,,"Script by two hands: the hand of foll. 1v–137 is a somewhat angular uncial of the oldest type with a distinct African flavour to judge by the similarity with Codex k of the Gospels (CLA [4.465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)) and several of the earliest manuscripts of Cyprian (CLA 4.458, [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810); [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218); cf. also [2.178](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/493)): the bow of **P** is small and open; **U** small and cup-shaped occurs at line-end; ancient ligatures of **AE**, **NT**, **OR**, **UN**, **UR**, **US** occur at line-end; the second hand (foll. 137v ff.) is roundish: **G** has a long tail, the bows of **P**, **q** , and **R** nearly touch the base-line; **S** is occasionally top-heavy; **T** has a distinctly sinuous top; ligature **NS** at line-end. Corrections in possibly contemporary half-uncial (foll. 95v, 99v, 101, 104, 109v, 111, 124v, 137): **a** is open and resembles the form in the marginalia of Paris Lat. 8907 (CLA [5.572](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/936)); **m** is almost uncial; the bow of **q** is pinched. 'Emenda' on fol. 127, the end of a book may be the author's. Cursive marginalia, saec. VI–VII, and pre-Caroline Notae Tironianae occur; Greek cursive glosses on foll. 7, 21, 23. Corrections in Caroline minuscule.","☛A. Mützenbecher, Sacris Erudiri 18 (1967), p. 406–450 (with extensive bibliography). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 82.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/367,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/367,"Script by two hands: the hand of foll. 1v–137 is a somewhat angular uncial of the oldest type with a distinct African flavour to judge by the similarity with Codex k of the Gospels (CLA 4.465) and several of the earliest manuscripts of Cyprian (CLA 4.458, 464; 6.804; cf. also 2.178): the bow of P is small and open; U small and cup-shaped occurs at line-end; ancient ligatures of AE, NT, OR, UN, UR, US occur at line-end; the second hand (foll. 137v ff.) is roundish: G has a long tail, the bows of P, q , and R nearly touch the base-line; S is occasionally top-heavy; T has a distinctly sinuous top; ligature NS at line-end. Corrections in possibly contemporary half-uncial (foll. 95v, 99v, 101, 104, 109v, 111, 124v, 137): a is open and resembles the form in the marginalia of Paris Lat. 8907 (CLA 5.572); m is almost uncial; the bow of q is pinched. 'Emenda' on fol. 127, the end of a book may be the author's. Cursive marginalia, saec. VI–VII, and pre-Caroline Notae Tironianae occur; Greek cursive glosses on foll. 7, 21, 23. Corrections in Caroline minuscule.
","Written probably in Africa, to judge by the script of one of the two hands though the other is manifestly trained in the Italian manner. African origin is supported by W. M. Green's brilliant hypothesis that the volume was produced at Hippo in the author's early episcopacy. This renders it one of the most precious in the entire CLA series. The manuscript belonged to Corbie where it is mentioned in several catalogues. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the number 254. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛A. Mützenbecher, Sacris Erudiri 18 (1967), p. 406–450 (with extensive bibliography). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 82.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/367.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/367.jpg 368,1755,Uncial,VI,501,600,11,1614,"Written in Italy in a centre of high calligraphic standards. Arguments have been adduced by O. Dobiaš-Roždestvenskaïa for ascribing the manuscript to Cassiodorus's Vivarium and to Cassiodorus himself the cursive note against the Pelagian heresy on fol. 1; these attractive and seemingly cogent arguments would establish this manuscript as a milestone in Latin Palaeography since Cassiodorus died ca. 580. Reached France probably before the year 700, to judge by notes on foll. 1 and 61. Belonged to Corbie certainly by the ninth century. Mentioned in several Corbie catalogues. Transferred to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 580 and 840. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791, who had the manuscript bound in five separate parts. Entered the Imperial Library in 1805.",3,,,"Ps- Rufinus, De Fide; Fulgentius Ruspensis, Epistola de Fide Catholica (= De Fide ad Petrum); Origenes-Hieronymus, Homiliae Duo Is In Canticum Canticorum; Hieronymus, Epistolae ad Fabiolam se XLII Mansionibus Filiorum Israel per Heremum, Ad Demetriadem Uirginem (Chr)isti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67779",,"foll. 132, 78, 1, and 220v",,,"Script, by several, mostly expert, hands, is a rather graceful uncial: the bow of **A** is often small and raised above the line; **G** has a long tail; **M** and **O** are broad; the first stroke of **R** and the lower stroke of **S** are often rather long; tall **T** occurs; **Y** is short and rises branch-like; half-uncial **ꞅ** and the ligature **Uꞅ** occur at line-end. Greek words are partly interspersed with Latin capital or uncial letters. Various marginal notes and corrections: an important entry on fol. 1 in contemporary cursive in the margin before the treatise by Ps- Pelagius calling attention to the heretical contents of the text with the entreaty: 'hic liber qui attitulatur rufini non te seducat o pie lector / quia pelagianus est et blasphemiis pelagianorum plenus / simulans enim contra arrianos disputationem venena suae / haereseos inseruit unde hortor caritatem tuam ut hanc / blasphemiam de vestro codice abscidatis et pro ea librum scī / augustini de vera religione describite ut quantita/tem codicis reparetis'; another contemporary cursive entry on fol. 78; crude old cursive occurs also on fol. 113, etc.; other marginalia in uncial or half-uncial; an entry in barbarous Latin on fol. 220v concerning food, provision, etc., in Italian cursive recalling the North Italian type ca. saec. VII; two further notes warning against Pelagius in French cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII on foll. 1 and 61; a table of contents in Corbie minuscule saec. IX on fol. 220.","☛Nordenfalk, Die spätantiken Zierbuchstaben p. 184–88. ☛Byzantion 74 (2004), p. 499 dates to saec. VIII. ☛For the writer of the cursive note, see F. Troncarelli, 'I codici di Cassiodoro', Scrittura e civiltà 12 (1988) 47–9; 'Litteras pulcherrimas', Scrittura e civiltà 20 (1996) 107–8.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/368,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/368,"Script, by several, mostly expert, hands, is a rather graceful uncial: the bow of A is often small and raised above the line; G has a long tail; M and O are broad; the first stroke of R and the lower stroke of S are often rather long; tall T occurs; Y is short and rises branch-like; half-uncial ꞅ and the ligature Uꞅ occur at line-end. Greek words are partly interspersed with Latin capital or uncial letters. Various marginal notes and corrections: an important entry on fol. 1 in contemporary cursive in the margin before the treatise by Ps- Pelagius calling attention to the heretical contents of the text with the entreaty: 'hic liber qui attitulatur rufini non te seducat o pie lector / quia pelagianus est et blasphemiis pelagianorum plenus / simulans enim contra arrianos disputationem venena suae / haereseos inseruit unde hortor caritatem tuam ut hanc / blasphemiam de vestro codice abscidatis et pro ea librum scī / augustini de vera religione describite ut quantita/tem codicis reparetis'; another contemporary cursive entry on fol. 78; crude old cursive occurs also on fol. 113, etc.; other marginalia in uncial or half-uncial; an entry in barbarous Latin on fol. 220v concerning food, provision, etc., in Italian cursive recalling the North Italian type ca. saec. VII; two further notes warning against Pelagius in French cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII on foll. 1 and 61; a table of contents in Corbie minuscule saec. IX on fol. 220.
","Written in Italy in a centre of high calligraphic standards. Arguments have been adduced by O. Dobiaš-Roždestvenskaïa for ascribing the manuscript to Cassiodorus's Vivarium and to Cassiodorus himself the cursive note against the Pelagian heresy on fol. 1; these attractive and seemingly cogent arguments would establish this manuscript as a milestone in Latin Palaeography since Cassiodorus died ca. 580. Reached France probably before the year 700, to judge by notes on foll. 1 and 61. Belonged to Corbie certainly by the ninth century. Mentioned in several Corbie catalogues. Transferred to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 580 and 840. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791, who had the manuscript bound in five separate parts. Entered the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Nordenfalk, Die spätantiken Zierbuchstaben p. 184–88. ☛Byzantion 74 (2004), p. 499 dates to saec. VIII. ☛For the writer of the cursive note, see F. Troncarelli, 'I codici di Cassiodoro', Scrittura e civiltà 12 (1988) 47–9; 'Litteras pulcherrimas', Scrittura e civiltà 20 (1996) 107–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/368.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/368.jpg 369,1756,Uncial,V²,451,500,11,1615,"Written doubtless in Italy. Nothing is known about the history of the fragment. First mentioned in the St Petersburg inventory ca. 1845 and attributed on insufficient evidence to the Dubrowsky collection.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 5.2–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 67780",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is well-formed uncial of not quite the oldest type: the bow of **A** is long and compressed, the upper part of **E** is mostly open; the tail of **G** is short; the first stroke of **M** is roundish; the lower left limb of **X** is short and turns slightly to the right; **Y** is short; most bows including that of **q** are rather full; ligatures **AE** and **NT** occur at line-end. Minor corrections saec. IX. The text is essentially Vulgate.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/369,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/369,"Script is well-formed uncial of not quite the oldest type: the bow of A is long and compressed, the upper part of E is mostly open; the tail of G is short; the first stroke of M is roundish; the lower left limb of X is short and turns slightly to the right; Y is short; most bows including that of q are rather full; ligatures AE and NT occur at line-end. Minor corrections saec. IX. The text is essentially Vulgate.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Nothing is known about the history of the fragment. First mentioned in the St Petersburg inventory ca. 1845 and attributed on insufficient evidence to the Dubrowsky collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/369.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/369.jpg 370,1757,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,11,1616,"Written presumably at Corbie, doubtless in the same North French centre as St Petersburg F. v. I. 2 (CLA [11.1598](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/350)), also from Corbie, with which our manuscript has various features in common. Taken in 1638 to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the numbers 147/148 and 861. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus; Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67781",,"foll. 16v and 37",,,"Script is a not very regular uncial, recalling that of St Petersburg F. v. I. 2 (CLA [11.1598](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/350)): **G** has a long vertical tail; **LL** run together; the second bow of **M** often rises above the line, occasionally both bows; tall **T** occurs; the lower left limb of **X** is short and turns in to the right; ascenders and descenders by one hand are longish. The contemporary table of contents on fol. 2r–v enumerates 27 items, of which only the first five survive in the manuscript. The entry 'Lib epistularis sci hieronimi pbi’ in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII recalls the script of Paris Lat. 17655 (CLA [5.671](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056)). The name 'uuenetherus' (saec. IX) is seen upside down on fol. 35. A letter from Jacques Sirmond to Dom Luc d'Achéry concerning a loan of this manuscript is bound at the front of the volume.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/370,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/370,"Script is a not very regular uncial, recalling that of St Petersburg F. v. I. 2 (CLA 11.1598): G has a long vertical tail; LL run together; the second bow of M often rises above the line, occasionally both bows; tall T occurs; the lower left limb of X is short and turns in to the right; ascenders and descenders by one hand are longish. The contemporary table of contents on fol. 2r–v enumerates 27 items, of which only the first five survive in the manuscript. The entry 'Lib epistularis sci hieronimi pbi’ in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII recalls the script of Paris Lat. 17655 (CLA 5.671). The name 'uuenetherus' (saec. IX) is seen upside down on fol. 35. A letter from Jacques Sirmond to Dom Luc d'Achéry concerning a loan of this manuscript is bound at the front of the volume.
","Written presumably at Corbie, doubtless in the same North French centre as St Petersburg F. v. I. 2 (CLA 11.1598), also from Corbie, with which our manuscript has various features in common. Taken in 1638 to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, where it bore the numbers 147/148 and 861. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/370.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/370.jpg 371,1758,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,11,1617,"Written presumably at Luxeuil. Came early to Corbie (cf. the ex-libris saec. XII: 'lib sci peꞇ corbeie’). Taken to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 159/160 and 789. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,47.8168,6.3811,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67782",,"fol. 49 ",,,"Script is an angular Luxeuil type, a forerunner of the more angular a-z script. The lemmata from Ezechiel are in typical Luxeuil half-uncial, seen also in combination with Luxeuil minuscule in Paris Lat. 17655, fol. 3 (CLA [5.671](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056)), and to be compared with the half-uncial group described under Paris Lat. 2110 (CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900)). Some running titles in a script resembling the Maurdramnus type were added towards the end of the eighth century.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 15, dates to VII ex.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/371,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/371,"Script is an angular Luxeuil type, a forerunner of the more angular a-z script. The lemmata from Ezechiel are in typical Luxeuil half-uncial, seen also in combination with Luxeuil minuscule in Paris Lat. 17655, fol. 3 (CLA 5.671), and to be compared with the half-uncial group described under Paris Lat. 2110 (CLA 5.541). Some running titles in a script resembling the Maurdramnus type were added towards the end of the eighth century.
","Written presumably at Luxeuil. Came early to Corbie (cf. the ex-libris saec. XII: 'lib sci peꞇ corbeie’). Taken to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 159/160 and 789. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 15, dates to VII ex.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/371.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/371.jpg 372,1759,"Anglo-Saxon, Cursive, eN, and Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1618,"Origin presumably South-west England. At Corbie in the eighth century, where a text left unfinished by an Anglo-Saxon hand was continued in eN script. Mentioned in several Corbie catalogues. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 257 and 800. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Isidorus, Prooemia in libros veteris et novi testamenti, De ortu et obitu patrum, De officiis ecclesiasticis, Differentiae; Ps- Hieronymus, In quattuor Evangelia (Io); Isidorus, Synonyma (1–2); Hieronymus, Epistulae ad Paulinum; Carmen de Iohanne; Aldhelmus, Aenigmata ",Parchment,,,"TM 67783",,"foll. 5, 24v, and 71v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is chiefly Anglo-Saxon: compressed, stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule with admixture of majuscule **A**, **R**, and **S**, often dropping into a rapid and pointed script toward the bottom of each column (see fol. 5), mainly on foll. 1–11 and 72–79; a freer, more rapid cursive minuscule with numerous ligatures and frequent use of **e** with the reversed lower bow, mainly on foll. 11–38 and 57–63 (the hand on fol. 63r–v in particular resembles the marginalia in the Codex Fuldensis, CLA, [8.1196](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672). See also [2.237](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/556)): more subdued cursive, mainly on foll. 64–71. The Anglo-Saxon scribe who began Isidore's Differentiae on fol. 64 stopped in the middle of a sentence on fol. 71; the work was continued by a scribe writing eN script (cf. CLA [5.638](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015) and CLA 6, pp. xxiv f.), but left unfinished on fol. 71v. The remaining part of this page, the last of a quire, was filled with two poems in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. somewhat reminiscent of the Maurdramn type. A ninth-century Corbie librarian added a table of contents on fol. 1.",,,,2,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/372,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/372,"Script, by several hands, is chiefly Anglo-Saxon: compressed, stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule with admixture of majuscule A, R, and S, often dropping into a rapid and pointed script toward the bottom of each column (see fol. 5), mainly on foll. 1–11 and 72–79; a freer, more rapid cursive minuscule with numerous ligatures and frequent use of e with the reversed lower bow, mainly on foll. 11–38 and 57–63 (the hand on fol. 63r–v in particular resembles the marginalia in the Codex Fuldensis, CLA, 8.1196. See also 2.237): more subdued cursive, mainly on foll. 64–71. The Anglo-Saxon scribe who began Isidore's Differentiae on fol. 64 stopped in the middle of a sentence on fol. 71; the work was continued by a scribe writing eN script (cf. CLA 5.638 and CLA 6, pp. xxiv f.), but left unfinished on fol. 71v. The remaining part of this page, the last of a quire, was filled with two poems in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. somewhat reminiscent of the Maurdramn type. A ninth-century Corbie librarian added a table of contents on fol. 1.
","Origin presumably South-west England. At Corbie in the eighth century, where a text left unfinished by an Anglo-Saxon hand was continued in eN script. Mentioned in several Corbie catalogues. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, where it bore the numbers 257 and 800. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/372.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/372.jpg 376,1760,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1619,"Written doubtless at Corbie (cf. the familiar ex-libris saec. XII). Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, presumably in 1638, where it bore the number 842. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Liber Comitis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67784",,"fol. 33v ",,,"Script is pure Maurdramnus minuscule (cf. CLA [6.707](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102) and p. xxiv). Neumes added on foll. 15v and 16v. A prayer and an excommunication formula by a later hand on foll. 10–11.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2318. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.284.",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/376,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/376,"Script is pure Maurdramnus minuscule (cf. CLA 6.707 and p. xxiv). Neumes added on foll. 15v and 16v. A prayer and an excommunication formula by a later hand on foll. 10–11.
","Written doubtless at Corbie (cf. the familiar ex-libris saec. XII). Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, presumably in 1638, where it bore the number 842. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2318. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.284.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/376.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/376.jpg 377,1761,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,11,1620,"Written at Corbie: the Corbie ex-libris saec. XII–XIII and XVII stand on the first folio and on the last, where there is also a partial copy of a twelfth-century papal bull addressed to Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was number 737. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Augustinus, Retractationes.",Parchment,,,"TM 67785",,"fol. 7v ",,,"Script is Corbie a-b minuscule (for a detailed description see CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914), and cf. CLA 6, p. xxv f.). A correction in Maurdramnus minuscule on fol. 12.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/377,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/377,"Script is Corbie a-b minuscule (for a detailed description see CLA 5.554, and cf. CLA 6, p. xxv f.). A correction in Maurdramnus minuscule on fol. 12.
","Written at Corbie: the Corbie ex-libris saec. XII–XIII and XVII stand on the first folio and on the last, where there is also a partial copy of a twelfth-century papal bull addressed to Corbie. Came to St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was number 737. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/377.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/377.jpg 378,1762,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII¹ (Post 731)",731,750,11,1621,"Written in Northumbria, as is suggested by the decoration and the dialect of Caedmon's hymn, and doubtless in Bede's own abbey of Wearmouth-Jarrow, as is evidenced by the uncial used for the papal 'farewell' formulae, which is unmistakably of the type seen in the Codex Amiatinus, produced in the scriptorium there under Abbot Ceolfrid (cf. CLA [3.299](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631)). This makes the manuscript palaeographically important, since it furnishes the key to early Northumbrian minuscule. A definite date of 746 is suggested by retrospective numbers of years in the margin opposite Bede's chronological recapitulation on fol. 159, the numbers apparently added by the scribe who entered the chapter numbers throughout the volume. Bede's Incarnational dates plus the corresponding retrospective numbers add up to 746, though not always. It is conceivable that these numbers were copied from the exemplar, as similar ones in London, Cotton Tib. A. XIV would seem to have been (see CLA [12.1703](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2006)), but the character of the uncial in our manuscript makes one regard the year 746 as a terminus post quem non.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum; Caedmon, Hymnus.",Parchment,"St Petersburg Bede. Leningrad Bede.",,"TM 67786",,"foll. 77 and 29v",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, apparently by four hands: the first three are uniformly pointed and compressed, the fourth (foll. 68v ff.) is distinctly less so; **a** is almost regularly open in the fourth hand; **c** is often tall before **o** and connects with it; noteworthy is the form of **g**; **i**-longa is frequent at the beginning of words; ligatures include **ae** resembling **ce** and various forms with subscript **a**, **i**, and **ꞇ**. Compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule is used for the first ten lines of Lib. 3 (fol. 48v). The scribe of the text added Caedmon's hymn in Northumbrian dialect in the lower margin of fol. 107. Probationes pennae showing Caroline forms of **a**, **b**, and **c** on fol. 161 seem saec. IX.","☛E. A. Lowe, 'A key to Bede's Scriptorium, Some observations on the Leningrad manuscript of the ""Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum"" ' [Scriptorium 12 (1958) 182–190](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1958_num_12_2_2972). ☛M. Schapiro, 'The decoration of the Leningrad manuscript of Bede' [Scriptorium 12 (1958) 191–207](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1958_num_12_2_2973).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/378,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/378,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, apparently by four hands: the first three are uniformly pointed and compressed, the fourth (foll. 68v ff.) is distinctly less so; a is almost regularly open in the fourth hand; c is often tall before o and connects with it; noteworthy is the form of g; i-longa is frequent at the beginning of words; ligatures include ae resembling ce and various forms with subscript a, i, and ꞇ. Compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule is used for the first ten lines of Lib. 3 (fol. 48v). The scribe of the text added Caedmon's hymn in Northumbrian dialect in the lower margin of fol. 107. Probationes pennae showing Caroline forms of a, b, and c on fol. 161 seem saec. IX.
","Written in Northumbria, as is suggested by the decoration and the dialect of Caedmon's hymn, and doubtless in Bede's own abbey of Wearmouth-Jarrow, as is evidenced by the uncial used for the papal 'farewell' formulae, which is unmistakably of the type seen in the Codex Amiatinus, produced in the scriptorium there under Abbot Ceolfrid (cf. CLA 3.299). This makes the manuscript palaeographically important, since it furnishes the key to early Northumbrian minuscule. A definite date of 746 is suggested by retrospective numbers of years in the margin opposite Bede's chronological recapitulation on fol. 159, the numbers apparently added by the scribe who entered the chapter numbers throughout the volume. Bede's Incarnational dates plus the corresponding retrospective numbers add up to 746, though not always. It is conceivable that these numbers were copied from the exemplar, as similar ones in London, Cotton Tib. A. XIV would seem to have been (see CLA 12.1703), but the character of the uncial in our manuscript makes one regard the year 746 as a terminus post quem non.
","☛E. A. Lowe, 'A key to Bede's Scriptorium, Some observations on the Leningrad manuscript of the "Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum" ' Scriptorium 12 (1958) 182–190. ☛M. Schapiro, 'The decoration of the Leningrad manuscript of Bede' Scriptorium 12 (1958) 191–207.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/378.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/378.jpg 379,1763,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,11,1622,"Written in England and possibly in the same scriptorium as the Palatine Paulinus manuscript (CLA [1.87](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502)) with which it agrees in several palaeographical features. Provenance Corbie: the MS is item 241 in the twelfth-century catalogue. Taken to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 481 and 613. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Paulinus Nolanus, Carmina.",Parchment,,,"TM 67787",,"foll. 8/9 and 1",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with frequent intrusion of majuscule **a**, **N**, **R**, and **S**; the first stroke of open **a** often curves backward; tall **c** used here and there; **e** with the inverted lower bow occurs; **g** has various forms; **r** is short; **u** is often a suprascript flourish; noteworthy are the ligatures **bi** (fol. 12) and **fi** (**f** transected by an s-like flourish); script often becomes pointed minuscule at the end of a poem or a page. Title added in Caroline minuscule saec. IX or X on fol. 2.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/379,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/379,"Script, by more than one hand, is compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with frequent intrusion of majuscule a, N, R, and S; the first stroke of open a often curves backward; tall c used here and there; e with the inverted lower bow occurs; g has various forms; r is short; u is often a suprascript flourish; noteworthy are the ligatures bi (fol. 12) and fi (f transected by an s-like flourish); script often becomes pointed minuscule at the end of a poem or a page. Title added in Caroline minuscule saec. IX or X on fol. 2.
","Written in England and possibly in the same scriptorium as the Palatine Paulinus manuscript (CLA 1.87) with which it agrees in several palaeographical features. Provenance Corbie: the MS is item 241 in the twelfth-century catalogue. Taken to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 481 and 613. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/379.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/379.jpg 380,1765,Half-Uncial,"VIII¹–VIII med",701,775,11,1623,"Written in North-east France and possibly at Corbie, where in the eighth century it was bound together with a manuscript of Matthew in the Old Latin version (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/382)), of which it was manifestly a continuation. Both parts migrated together to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, in which library they received the number 21, later 1200. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc 1.1–5.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67788",,"fol. 1v (formerly 79v)",,,"Script is a late half-uncial: **g** is somewhat pinched; both **N** and **n** are used; pointed **v** occurs suprascript at line-end; the left limb of **x** turns in; the stem of **y** descends below the line; ligatures of **NS**, **NT**, and **us** occur at line-end. An exorcism in cursive saec. VIII beginning at the end of the manuscript of Matthew on fol. 76v and ending on fol. 79 (fol. 1 of our manuscript) proves that the two manuscripts, though different in size, were united by that time.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/380,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/380,"Script is a late half-uncial: g is somewhat pinched; both N and n are used; pointed v occurs suprascript at line-end; the left limb of x turns in; the stem of y descends below the line; ligatures of NS, NT, and us occur at line-end. An exorcism in cursive saec. VIII beginning at the end of the manuscript of Matthew on fol. 76v and ending on fol. 79 (fol. 1 of our manuscript) proves that the two manuscripts, though different in size, were united by that time.
","Written in North-east France and possibly at Corbie, where in the eighth century it was bound together with a manuscript of Matthew in the Old Latin version (see next item), of which it was manifestly a continuation. Both parts migrated together to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, in which library they received the number 21, later 1200. Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/380.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/380.jpg 382,1766,"Cursive and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,11,1624,"Written in North or North-east France, presumably at Corbie, the centre that produced Paris Lat. 17655 (CLA [5.671](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056)), whose Corbie provenance is ascertained by the thirteenth century. Bound in the eighth century with a Vulgate manuscript of Mark described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/380) (q.v.).",,49.9077,2.5119,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 1.1–5.2).",Parchment,"Codex Corbeiensis primus. (ff¹)",,"TM 67789",,"foll. 3 and 78v",,,"Script, apparently by more than one scribe, is mainly a rather well formed pre-Caroline minuscule based on half-uncial and is a precursor of the eN type (cf. CLA [5.647](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025) and CLA 6, p. xxiv f.); the hand of the first pages containing the 'Breves' or Capitula permits many more ligatures of a type recalling the cursive minuscule of the Gregory of Tours, Paris Lat. 17655, saec. VII ex. (CLA [5.671](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056)): here and there **b** has the horizontal tag connecting it with the following letter as in the Corbie a-b type; **d** descends below the line; the shaft of **h** curves to the left: v-shaped **y** is short and dotted with both branches bending to the right (cf. CLA [5.647](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025)); noteworthy is the **ui** ligature which resembles an elongated **S**. In the Capitula each section begins with a few words in uncial or half-uncial or mixed script, with the letters often diminishing in size. An exorcism was entered on the last pages of our manuscript (foll. 76v ff.) and on the blank first page of the Vulgate manuscript of Mark described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/380); it is written in slightly later uncalligraphic script with barbarous spelling ('cugius' for cuius, 'progecit', 'co' for quo, etc.).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/382,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/382,"Script, apparently by more than one scribe, is mainly a rather well formed pre-Caroline minuscule based on half-uncial and is a precursor of the eN type (cf. CLA 5.647 and CLA 6, p. xxiv f.); the hand of the first pages containing the 'Breves' or Capitula permits many more ligatures of a type recalling the cursive minuscule of the Gregory of Tours, Paris Lat. 17655, saec. VII ex. (CLA 5.671): here and there b has the horizontal tag connecting it with the following letter as in the Corbie a-b type; d descends below the line; the shaft of h curves to the left: v-shaped y is short and dotted with both branches bending to the right (cf. CLA 5.647); noteworthy is the ui ligature which resembles an elongated S. In the Capitula each section begins with a few words in uncial or half-uncial or mixed script, with the letters often diminishing in size. An exorcism was entered on the last pages of our manuscript (foll. 76v ff.) and on the blank first page of the Vulgate manuscript of Mark described in the preceding item; it is written in slightly later uncalligraphic script with barbarous spelling ('cugius' for cuius, 'progecit', 'co' for quo, etc.).
","Written in North or North-east France, presumably at Corbie, the centre that produced Paris Lat. 17655 (CLA 5.671), whose Corbie provenance is ascertained by the thirteenth century. Bound in the eighth century with a Vulgate manuscript of Mark described in the preceding item (q.v.).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/382.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/382.jpg 383,1767,"Half-Uncial verging on eN-type Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,11,1625,"Written doubtless in North-east France, presumably in the centre which developed the eN-type, and most likely at Corbie (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv f.). Belonged to Corbie and is probably identifiable with the Cassian mentioned in the eleventh-century catalogue. Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 117 and 1294· Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 (foll. 1 and 120) and by the Imperial Library in 1805.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes.",Parchment,,,"TM 67790",,"fol. 56 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a curious angular type of compressed half-uncial verging on minuscule with the letters leaning to the left, apparently a precursor of the eN-type (cf. CLA [5.647](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025) and 6, p. xxiv f.): **a** more often open; **d** is uncial here and there; **g** regularly minuscule; the top of **t** bends to the left often forming a loop; **y** is v-shaped with both branches curving to the right (cf. CLA [5.647](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025)); ligatures with **e** frequent. Contemporary corrections in cursive minuscule, some over erasure. Greek words are unusually corrupt.",,4,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/383,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/383,"Script, by several hands, is a curious angular type of compressed half-uncial verging on minuscule with the letters leaning to the left, apparently a precursor of the eN-type (cf. CLA 5.647 and 6, p. xxiv f.): a more often open; d is uncial here and there; g regularly minuscule; the top of t bends to the left often forming a loop; y is v-shaped with both branches curving to the right (cf. CLA 5.647); ligatures with e frequent. Contemporary corrections in cursive minuscule, some over erasure. Greek words are unusually corrupt.
","Written doubtless in North-east France, presumably in the centre which developed the eN-type, and most likely at Corbie (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv f.). Belonged to Corbie and is probably identifiable with the Cassian mentioned in the eleventh-century catalogue. Migrated to St-Germain-des-Prés in 1638, where it bore the numbers 117 and 1294· Acquired by Peter Dubrowsky in 1791 (foll. 1 and 120) and by the Imperial Library in 1805.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/383.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/383.jpg 384,1768,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,11,1626,"Written manifestly in the same centre, still to be identified, as the [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/385), q.v.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (4.38).",Parchment,,,"TM 67791",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is apparently by the hand that wrote the manuscript of Gregory's Homilies with which this leaf is now bound.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/384,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/384,"Script is apparently by the hand that wrote the manuscript of Gregory's Homilies with which this leaf is now bound.
","Written manifestly in the same centre, still to be identified, as the next item, q.v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/384.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/384.jpg 385,1769,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,11,1627,"Origin uncertain; other possibilities apart, South France seems most probable since it explains the known influences better than any other region; the representation of what may be a flamingo in the initial **L** seen on fol. 28 would favour a Mediterranean centre. Corrected by an Anglo-Saxon reader in the eighth century. Provenance Barcelona cathedral. Recently repaired in the Vatican when the old binding consisting of papyrus and parchment fragments, now mislaid, was taken apart.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia, Decretum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67792",,"fol. 28 ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is very carefully executed uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** is pointed and often hangs above the line when following **C**, **L**, or **R**; the tail of **G** is thin and ends in a curl; the lower left limb of **X** curves to the right; **Y** is dotted; short horizontals in **E**, **F**, **T**, etc., are often forked; letters are often small and sometimes suprascript at line-end. Corrections and added liturgical formulae in Anglo-Saxon minuscule or uncial. Some Notae Tironianae: 'demitte' (foll. 92v, 97v, 99v, 100), 'Spiritus sanctus' (fol. 110).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/385,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/385,"Script, by more than one hand, is very carefully executed uncial of a late type: the bow of A is pointed and often hangs above the line when following C, L, or R; the tail of G is thin and ends in a curl; the lower left limb of X curves to the right; Y is dotted; short horizontals in E, F, T, etc., are often forked; letters are often small and sometimes suprascript at line-end. Corrections and added liturgical formulae in Anglo-Saxon minuscule or uncial. Some Notae Tironianae: 'demitte' (foll. 92v, 97v, 99v, 100), 'Spiritus sanctus' (fol. 110).
","Origin uncertain; other possibilities apart, South France seems most probable since it explains the known influences better than any other region; the representation of what may be a flamingo in the initial L seen on fol. 28 would favour a Mediterranean centre. Corrected by an Anglo-Saxon reader in the eighth century. Provenance Barcelona cathedral. Recently repaired in the Vatican when the old binding consisting of papyrus and parchment fragments, now mislaid, was taken apart.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/385.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/385.jpg 386,1770,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,11,1628a,"Origin in all probability North Africa. United to the manuscript of St Augustine's De baptismo parvulorum by the seventh or eighth century at latest (cf. the title in Merovingian minuscule, 'liber augustini de baptismo', at the top margin of fol. 1). For later history see CLA [11.1629](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/388).",0,,,"Eutropius Presbyter Hispanus, De Vera Circumcisione; Ps- Hieronymus, Epistulae (19.1–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67793",,"fol. 11 ",,,"Script is a rather awkward, broadish angular uncial with strokes often failing to join, somewhat recalling the uncial of the Cyprian manuscripts (CLA [4.**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748), [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810), and [12.1728](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2033)): the bow of **A** is frequently pendant with the lower part almost horizontal (cf. CLA [5.678](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1064)); the upper bow of **B** is a mere dot; the eye of **E** is mostly open; **F** has a marked forestroke; the tail of **G** is small and thin; **N** is broad and the oblique is mostly thin, unusual in old uncial manuscripts; cup-shaped **U** occurs suprascript at line-end; noteworthy are the ligatures of **OR**, **UNT**, **UR**, **US**, and especially of **NI** and **UI** with I prolonging the right vertical below the line. Letters are often intersected by the ruled lines (cf. the next item but one, [1629](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/388), and CLA [4.464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810), [465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)). The uncial text ends at the bottom of fol. 111 in mid-sentence. Fol. 1 is partly retraced.","☛CLA provenance (origin uncertain; either Africa or Spain) changed to follow CLA S p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/386,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/386,"Script is a rather awkward, broadish angular uncial with strokes often failing to join, somewhat recalling the uncial of the Cyprian manuscripts (CLA 4.**458, 464, and 12.1728): the bow of A is frequently pendant with the lower part almost horizontal (cf. CLA 5.678); the upper bow of B is a mere dot; the eye of E is mostly open; F has a marked forestroke; the tail of G is small and thin; N is broad and the oblique is mostly thin, unusual in old uncial manuscripts; cup-shaped U occurs suprascript at line-end; noteworthy are the ligatures of OR, UNT, UR, US, and especially of NI and UI with I prolonging the right vertical below the line. Letters are often intersected by the ruled lines (cf. the next item but one, 1629, and CLA 4.464, 465). The uncial text ends at the bottom of fol. 111 in mid-sentence. Fol. 1 is partly retraced.
","Origin in all probability North Africa. United to the manuscript of St Augustine's De baptismo parvulorum by the seventh or eighth century at latest (cf. the title in Merovingian minuscule, 'liber augustini de baptismo', at the top margin of fol. 1). For later history see CLA 11.1629.
","☛CLA provenance (origin uncertain; either Africa or Spain) changed to follow CLA S p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/386.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/386.jpg 387,1771,Cursive,VII,601,700,11,1628b,"Written apparently in Spain, as certain palaeographical features suggest; yet its origin has been much disputed by experts in the field, some favouring Italy, others Spain. If the origin here accepted be correct, the script of the Benedictio cerei constitutes the oldest known specimen of Spanish cursive, dating a century or so before the Arab invasion which doubtless would account for the similarity of the Spanish and Italian cursive types of that period. For later history see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/388).",,,,"Benedictio Cerei Paschalis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67794",,"all but three lines of fol. IVv shown",,,"Script: the first impression is Italian, specifically North Italian; yet the two most typical forms in this cursive are absent, namely, the ligatures of **ss** and **st**. Further analysis shows features that seem Visigothic: the curious **li** ligature (e.g., see fol. 4v, l. 8, 'filium'; also fol. 3v, l. 15, 'confidens', and fol. 4, l. 16, 'opifices', etc.) and the peculiar Visigothic elongation of **c** and **s** in order to form the next letter without removing the pen (e.g. fol. 3v, l. 3, ‘sollemniter' and fol. 4, l.8, 'condidisti', et passim). Noteworthy is theta-like **e**, which also occurs in the expert cursive written over the fifth-century Licinianus (CLA [2.166](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/481)) and in the poorly written Greco-Latin glossary, Louvre Pap. Eg. 2329 (CLA [5.696](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1087)). Superior **a** and **u** are frequent. To be compared with the North Italian Trevano charter of 9 April 748, in the Archivio di Stato in Milan, with which it has several features in common. A later Merovingian hand supplied the '**fa**' and '**nunt**' in the lower left margin of fol. 4. The lower half of fol. 4v contains various probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon majuscule and minuscule of the eighth century, namely alphabets, the phrase 'omnium inimicorum suorum dominabitur' found often in Würzburg manuscripts—see CLA [1.90](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/102) and [9.1407](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1915), [1424](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1935), and [1430a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1943)—and the ABC-verse 'ferunt obit cum...'; also the interesting entries: 'huum scripsit seruus dei' in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII ex.; and the lines over erasure concerning the borrowing of Gregory's Moralia, parts 3–5, in Germanic cursive minuscule saec. VIII–IX; and the title of St Augustine’s work in a German hand saec. X, also seen at the end of the main volume.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1201a.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/387,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/387,"Script: the first impression is Italian, specifically North Italian; yet the two most typical forms in this cursive are absent, namely, the ligatures of ss and st. Further analysis shows features that seem Visigothic: the curious li ligature (e.g., see fol. 4v, l. 8, 'filium'; also fol. 3v, l. 15, 'confidens', and fol. 4, l. 16, 'opifices', etc.) and the peculiar Visigothic elongation of c and s in order to form the next letter without removing the pen (e.g. fol. 3v, l. 3, ‘sollemniter' and fol. 4, l.8, 'condidisti', et passim). Noteworthy is theta-like e, which also occurs in the expert cursive written over the fifth-century Licinianus (CLA 2.166) and in the poorly written Greco-Latin glossary, Louvre Pap. Eg. 2329 (CLA 5.696). Superior a and u are frequent. To be compared with the North Italian Trevano charter of 9 April 748, in the Archivio di Stato in Milan, with which it has several features in common. A later Merovingian hand supplied the 'fa' and 'nunt' in the lower left margin of fol. 4. The lower half of fol. 4v contains various probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon majuscule and minuscule of the eighth century, namely alphabets, the phrase 'omnium inimicorum suorum dominabitur' found often in Würzburg manuscripts—see CLA 1.90 and 9.1407, 1424, and 1430a—and the ABC-verse 'ferunt obit cum...'; also the interesting entries: 'huum scripsit seruus dei' in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII ex.; and the lines over erasure concerning the borrowing of Gregory's Moralia, parts 3–5, in Germanic cursive minuscule saec. VIII–IX; and the title of St Augustine’s work in a German hand saec. X, also seen at the end of the main volume.
","Written apparently in Spain, as certain palaeographical features suggest; yet its origin has been much disputed by experts in the field, some favouring Italy, others Spain. If the origin here accepted be correct, the script of the Benedictio cerei constitutes the oldest known specimen of Spanish cursive, dating a century or so before the Arab invasion which doubtless would account for the similarity of the Spanish and Italian cursive types of that period. For later history see next item.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1201a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/387.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/387.jpg 388,1772,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,11,1629,"Origin uncertain, but possibly the region that produced the Eutropius fragment with which it is bound. The Tironian 'contuli' suggest Italy, but the uncial script and the abbreviations are unlike those of manuscripts known to be Italian. Was at a centre with Anglo-Saxon connections in the eighth century, probably in Western Germany, as is proved by probationes pennae in both parts of the volume. Copied in the ninth century at Lorsch (the copy came to Eberbach in the Rheingau, as did other Lorsch products, and from there it came to Oxford where it is now Bodl. Laud. Misc. 130 [1558]). Acquired by Abbot Johannes Trithemius of Spanheim about 1500 as seen from the ex-libris on fol. 1: '. . . et pertinet sancto martino in spanheym quod mutatus pro alio.’ Where he obtained the manuscript is hidden in the erased fifteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 172v: '. . . e . (?codex) mo . . sterii S . . .', etc., probably St Peter (and Paul) in Weissenburg. Given to the Escorial in 1566 by King Philip II, who received it from his aunt, Queen Mary of Hungary. Treated as a relic because it was considered an autograph of St Augustine, at least since the time of Trithemius (cf. the notes on foll. 4v and 1).",0,,,"Augustinus, De Baptismo Parvulorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67795",,"foll. 1, 172v, 144v, and 166v",,,"Script is a rather pleasant uncial, yet curiously irregular in form, size, spacing, and alineation: the bow of **A** is small; **F** and **P** are narrow; **G** has a long tail; the foot of **L** and **T** makes a right angle; the top of **T** is sinuous; the first stroke of **U** is angular; **z** is prancing and usually goes below the line; descenders often end in a corkscrew-like hook; numerous ligatures at line-end (e.g. **AE**, **RE**, **UI**, **UNT**, **UR**, **US**). Scribe copied his exemplar by groups of letters regardless of sense. Script seems cut by the ruling as in the prefixed Eutropius leaves and in the Cyprian manuscripts and the Codex Bobiensis presumably of African origin (cf. the preceding item but one, [1628a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/386), and CLA [4.**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748), [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810), [465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)). Corrections in uncial. Early marginalia containing summaries or lively appraisals by several hands: some in sloping uncial, apparently by the hand that inserted a gamma-shaped sign (e.g. foll. 62v, 116) and the φ-shaped sign (e.g. foll. 6, 42, 62v) in the margins; most in sloping half-uncial tending toward cursive and boxed by dotted lines by a reader who also collated the manuscript (cf. 'contuli' at the ends of books; fol. 172v: 'contuli quantum mihi dns opitulatus est'). The form of XL in serial numbers in the margins of foll. 153v ff. recalls the later Spanish form without necessarily being Spanish. Other entries: Merovingian cursive ca. saec. VII–VIII on foll. 166v, 167v, 168, 169; Notae Tironianae on foll. 2, 26v, 48, 76; 'hic' frequently; probationes pennae in tiny Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII on foll. 153 and 172v and in a German hand saec. X on fol. 172v—the same hand seen on fol. 4v of the Benedictio cerei paschalis in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/387).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/388,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/388,"Script is a rather pleasant uncial, yet curiously irregular in form, size, spacing, and alineation: the bow of A is small; F and P are narrow; G has a long tail; the foot of L and T makes a right angle; the top of T is sinuous; the first stroke of U is angular; z is prancing and usually goes below the line; descenders often end in a corkscrew-like hook; numerous ligatures at line-end (e.g. AE, RE, UI, UNT, UR, US). Scribe copied his exemplar by groups of letters regardless of sense. Script seems cut by the ruling as in the prefixed Eutropius leaves and in the Cyprian manuscripts and the Codex Bobiensis presumably of African origin (cf. the preceding item but one, 1628a, and CLA 4.**458, 464, 465). Corrections in uncial. Early marginalia containing summaries or lively appraisals by several hands: some in sloping uncial, apparently by the hand that inserted a gamma-shaped sign (e.g. foll. 62v, 116) and the φ-shaped sign (e.g. foll. 6, 42, 62v) in the margins; most in sloping half-uncial tending toward cursive and boxed by dotted lines by a reader who also collated the manuscript (cf. 'contuli' at the ends of books; fol. 172v: 'contuli quantum mihi dns opitulatus est'). The form of XL in serial numbers in the margins of foll. 153v ff. recalls the later Spanish form without necessarily being Spanish. Other entries: Merovingian cursive ca. saec. VII–VIII on foll. 166v, 167v, 168, 169; Notae Tironianae on foll. 2, 26v, 48, 76; 'hic' frequently; probationes pennae in tiny Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII on foll. 153 and 172v and in a German hand saec. X on fol. 172v—the same hand seen on fol. 4v of the Benedictio cerei paschalis in the preceding item.
","Origin uncertain, but possibly the region that produced the Eutropius fragment with which it is bound. The Tironian 'contuli' suggest Italy, but the uncial script and the abbreviations are unlike those of manuscripts known to be Italian. Was at a centre with Anglo-Saxon connections in the eighth century, probably in Western Germany, as is proved by probationes pennae in both parts of the volume. Copied in the ninth century at Lorsch (the copy came to Eberbach in the Rheingau, as did other Lorsch products, and from there it came to Oxford where it is now Bodl. Laud. Misc. 130 [1558]). Acquired by Abbot Johannes Trithemius of Spanheim about 1500 as seen from the ex-libris on fol. 1: '. . . et pertinet sancto martino in spanheym quod mutatus pro alio.’ Where he obtained the manuscript is hidden in the erased fifteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 172v: '. . . e . (?codex) mo . . sterii S . . .', etc., probably St Peter (and Paul) in Weissenburg. Given to the Escorial in 1566 by King Philip II, who received it from his aunt, Queen Mary of Hungary. Treated as a relic because it was considered an autograph of St Augustine, at least since the time of Trithemius (cf. the notes on foll. 4v and 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/388.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/388.jpg 389,1773,"Visigothic Minuscule","IX in (ante 812)",791,812,11,1630,"Written in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone in Septimania; the original subscription on fol. 269v should read: 'lohannes gratie dei magalonensis (and not 'barcelonensis') hunc librum in honorem sancte marie fieri iussi', etc. Iohannes was bishop of Maguelonne 791–812 (when a successor is mentioned). The manuscript came to the Escorial with the library of the Conde-Duque de Olivares.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67796",,"foll. 181v and 6v",,,"Script is early Visigothic minuscule by several hands: one is rather broad and angular (foll. 1–7v) and the others make use of many ligatures, especially at line-ends: the Caroline **a** occurs; **d** has two forms; suprascript cup-shaped **u** at line-ends; the typically Visigothic **iT** combination and other ligatures with **t** are used. The entry 'hic leodesindus minus habet' on fol. 258v (concerning lib. 29. 24) by contemporary hand, likewise notes mentioning Pliny (on foll. 160v, 161v) and the Rhone (on fol. 197v). The name 'AMELIUS' is seen in the margins of foll. 153 and 164v. Additions on foll. 54v (saec. XI) and 129v (saec. XII). Parts of the manuscript are transcribed interlinearly saec. XIII or XIV.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/389,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/389,"Script is early Visigothic minuscule by several hands: one is rather broad and angular (foll. 1–7v) and the others make use of many ligatures, especially at line-ends: the Caroline a occurs; d has two forms; suprascript cup-shaped u at line-ends; the typically Visigothic iT combination and other ligatures with t are used. The entry 'hic leodesindus minus habet' on fol. 258v (concerning lib. 29. 24) by contemporary hand, likewise notes mentioning Pliny (on foll. 160v, 161v) and the Rhone (on fol. 197v). The name 'AMELIUS' is seen in the margins of foll. 153 and 164v. Additions on foll. 54v (saec. XI) and 129v (saec. XII). Parts of the manuscript are transcribed interlinearly saec. XIII or XIV.
","Written in Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone in Septimania; the original subscription on fol. 269v should read: 'lohannes gratie dei magalonensis (and not 'barcelonensis') hunc librum in honorem sancte marie fieri iussi', etc. Iohannes was bishop of Maguelonne 791–812 (when a successor is mentioned). The manuscript came to the Escorial with the library of the Conde-Duque de Olivares.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/389.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/389.jpg 390,1774,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,11,1631,"Written doubtless in a Spanish centre, as the various Spanish symptoms indicate. Was restored in the ninth century by or for 'EULOGIUS PECCATOR' whose name is seen in the centre of a diagram on fol. 6v: 'Eulogii mementote peccatori'; he is probably to be identified with Eulogius of Cordova who died as archbishop of Toledo in 859. The manuscript reached Oviedo probably in 882 as a gift from the Arabs to King Alfonso III along with other books belonging to Eulogius. It is mentioned in the catalogue of that year entered on fol. 95v and in all probability refers to books of the cathedral library. Discovered at Oviedo by Ambrosius de Morales in the time of King Philip II.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum; Rufus Festus, Breviarium; Itinerarium Provinciarum Antonini Augusti; Itinerarium Maritimum Antonini Augusti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67797",,"fol. 62v ",,,"Script is curious uncial of Visigothic type: the bow of **A** is an oval placed almost horizontally above the line; **i**-longa is frequent at beginning of words; **LL** run together; tall **T** and v-shaped suprascript **U** occur at or near line-end; ascenders and descenders are rather long; numerous ligatures (e.g. **AR**, **ES**, **NT**, **ONS**, **OR**, **UR**, **US**) seen at or near line-end; half-uncial letters are frequent at line-ends; script drops into half-uncial at the foot of fol. 23. Noteworthy is the extensive use made of Rustic; Sisebut's poem is entirely written in this script (foll. 23v f.). A list of Spanish episcopal sees in rapid Visigothic minuscule saec. VIII is found on fol. 65v; the entry below it in Visigothic cursive referring to solar eclipses of 778 and 779 furnishes a terminus ante quem for our manuscript. Other Visigothic entries saec. VIII–IX on foll. 47v f., 55. Arabic notes occur (fol. 18v, etc.).","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 35](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/054_tav035a.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/390,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/390,"Script is curious uncial of Visigothic type: the bow of A is an oval placed almost horizontally above the line; i-longa is frequent at beginning of words; LL run together; tall T and v-shaped suprascript U occur at or near line-end; ascenders and descenders are rather long; numerous ligatures (e.g. AR, ES, NT, ONS, OR, UR, US) seen at or near line-end; half-uncial letters are frequent at line-ends; script drops into half-uncial at the foot of fol. 23. Noteworthy is the extensive use made of Rustic; Sisebut's poem is entirely written in this script (foll. 23v f.). A list of Spanish episcopal sees in rapid Visigothic minuscule saec. VIII is found on fol. 65v; the entry below it in Visigothic cursive referring to solar eclipses of 778 and 779 furnishes a terminus ante quem for our manuscript. Other Visigothic entries saec. VIII–IX on foll. 47v f., 55. Arabic notes occur (fol. 18v, etc.).
","Written doubtless in a Spanish centre, as the various Spanish symptoms indicate. Was restored in the ninth century by or for 'EULOGIUS PECCATOR' whose name is seen in the centre of a diagram on fol. 6v: 'Eulogii mementote peccatori'; he is probably to be identified with Eulogius of Cordova who died as archbishop of Toledo in 859. The manuscript reached Oviedo probably in 882 as a gift from the Arabs to King Alfonso III along with other books belonging to Eulogius. It is mentioned in the catalogue of that year entered on fol. 95v and in all probability refers to books of the cathedral library. Discovered at Oviedo by Ambrosius de Morales in the time of King Philip II.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/390.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/390.jpg 391,1775,Uncial,VII,601,700,11,1632,"Written in Spain to judge by script and abbreviations. Rewritten and used for the restoration and expansion of a seventh-century manuscript of Isidore in the ninth century; the name of 'EULOGIUS PECCATOR' entered in the centre of a diagram on fol. 6v most likely refers to Eulogius of Cordova. For later history see the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/390).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Vulgata, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt, Ios, Idc, Rt, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67798",,"fol. 86v",,,"Script is uncial of a later type with some Spanish features: ascenders, descenders, and the stem of **ꝺ** are long; **i**-longa is used initially; the upper curve of **S** is compressed; v-shaped **U** occurs suprascript.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/391,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/391,"Script is uncial of a later type with some Spanish features: ascenders, descenders, and the stem of ꝺ are long; i-longa is used initially; the upper curve of S is compressed; v-shaped U occurs suprascript.
","Written in Spain to judge by script and abbreviations. Rewritten and used for the restoration and expansion of a seventh-century manuscript of Isidore in the ninth century; the name of 'EULOGIUS PECCATOR' entered in the centre of a diagram on fol. 6v most likely refers to Eulogius of Cordova. For later history see the preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/391.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/391.jpg 392,1776,Uncial,VI,501,600,11,1633,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in Spain in the ninth century. For later history see CLA [11.1631](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/390).",0,,,"Textus Incertus Christianus (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67799",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is uncial, fairly well formed but not of the oldest type: the hasta of **E** is in the middle, the eye closed and rather large; the tail of **G** and the foot of **L** are short; **S** is broad; the top of **T** curves down at the left end. The text, barely decipherable, appears to contain the rare word 'dispudiare' (col. 1, 2. 19ff.: 'sed . . . . dispud . . . tutelam . . . . reliquos tut . . .').",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/392,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/392,"Script is uncial, fairly well formed but not of the oldest type: the hasta of E is in the middle, the eye closed and rather large; the tail of G and the foot of L are short; S is broad; the top of T curves down at the left end. The text, barely decipherable, appears to contain the rare word 'dispudiare' (col. 1, 2. 19ff.: 'sed . . . . dispud . . . tutelam . . . . reliquos tut . . .').
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in Spain in the ninth century. For later history see CLA 11.1631.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/392.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/392.jpg 393,1777,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,11,1634,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in Spain in the ninth century. For later history see CLA [11.1631](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/390).",0,,,"Cyprianus, De Bono Patientiae (9–11).",Parchment,,,"TM 67800",,"fol. 94v ",,,"Script is broad uncial: the bow of **R** is low and almost reaches the base-line; tall **S** occurs at line-end. Fol. 94 contains De bono patientiae capp. 9–11; the content of the conjugate leaf is still to be identified.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/393,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/393,"Script is broad uncial: the bow of R is low and almost reaches the base-line; tall S occurs at line-end. Fol. 94 contains De bono patientiae capp. 9–11; the content of the conjugate leaf is still to be identified.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in Spain in the ninth century. For later history see CLA 11.1631.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/393.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/393.jpg 394,1778,"Visigothic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1635,"Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as Madrid, Academia de la Historia 81 + London (CLA [11.**195](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/330)), the leaf of Joshua in New York, Columbia University Library Plimpton 27 (CLA [11.1654](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/413)), and the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2.1), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. Belonged subsequently to a church of St Romanus (fol. 168v, 'Iste liber est de ecclesia sancti Romani', saec. XIII), probably to be identified with a church near Toledo, and to the Collegio Mayor de Alcalá de Henares (saec. XVII, cf. fol. 168v). Came to the Escorial with the library of the Conde-Duque de Olivares, probably after 1671.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae; Hieronymus, Epistulae; Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67801",,"fol. 38v ",,,"Script, apparently by more than one hand, is Visigothic minuscule of the older type, to be compared with the script of the unique manuscript of 'Isidorus Pacensis' in Madrid and London (CLA [11.**195](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/330)) but less broad and round: **i**-longa is the rule initially (even before a tall letter) and medially for the semi-vocal sound; a forked form of **i**-longa resembling tall **Y** also occurs; the soft and hard sounds of **ti** are not distinguished; the characteristic **iT** ligature occurs at line-end. A ninth-century scholarly reader, who wrote a graceful Visigothic minuscule, added interesting marginalia mentioning Jerome, Eucherius, Gregory, Isidore, and once, Albarus, i.e. the bishop of Cordova who died in 861 (seen on fol. 38v). Arabic texts of considerable length were entered in the margins of foll. 166v and 167; they, too, are said to be connected with Albarus.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/394,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/394,"Script, apparently by more than one hand, is Visigothic minuscule of the older type, to be compared with the script of the unique manuscript of 'Isidorus Pacensis' in Madrid and London (CLA 11.**195) but less broad and round: i-longa is the rule initially (even before a tall letter) and medially for the semi-vocal sound; a forked form of i-longa resembling tall Y also occurs; the soft and hard sounds of ti are not distinguished; the characteristic iT ligature occurs at line-end. A ninth-century scholarly reader, who wrote a graceful Visigothic minuscule, added interesting marginalia mentioning Jerome, Eucherius, Gregory, Isidore, and once, Albarus, i.e. the bishop of Cordova who died in 861 (seen on fol. 38v). Arabic texts of considerable length were entered in the margins of foll. 166v and 167; they, too, are said to be connected with Albarus.
","Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as Madrid, Academia de la Historia 81 + London (CLA 11.**195), the leaf of Joshua in New York, Columbia University Library Plimpton 27 (CLA 11.1654), and the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2.1), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. Belonged subsequently to a church of St Romanus (fol. 168v, 'Iste liber est de ecclesia sancti Romani', saec. XIII), probably to be identified with a church near Toledo, and to the Collegio Mayor de Alcalá de Henares (saec. XVII, cf. fol. 168v). Came to the Escorial with the library of the Conde-Duque de Olivares, probably after 1671.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/394.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/394.jpg 395,1779,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,11,1636,"Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the presence of Visigothic symptoms. Used for rewriting in a Spanish scriptorium in the ninth century.",,,,"Biblia (Vulgata, Lv 11–18, Nm 6–11, 19–23, 26–31, Dt 1-4, 8–22, Idc 20–41, Rt 1-4.5, Is 6–11, 34–38, 59–65, Ier 2–6, 30–37, Ez 20–27, 48, Dn 1–3.73, Os 1–12.11, 1 Par 21–fin., 2 Par 1–7; 18–21, Esr 7.67–8.52, 1 Mcc 5.11–10.35 (Vetus Latina), 2 Mcc 4.38–10.5 (Vetus Latina), Act, Rm 11.2–16.6, Iac (Vetus Latina), 1–2 Pt (Vetus Latina), 1–3 Io (Vetus Latina), Iud (Vetus Latina)).",Parchment,,,"TM 67802",,"fol. 84v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is half-uncial; **g** is regularly uncial in one hand, half-uncial in the other; uncial **ꝺ** and **S** also occur.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/395,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/395,"Script, by more than one hand, is half-uncial; g is regularly uncial in one hand, half-uncial in the other; uncial ꝺ and S also occur.
","Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the presence of Visigothic symptoms. Used for rewriting in a Spanish scriptorium in the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/395.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/395.jpg 396,1780,Uncial,"VII (ante 669?)",601,668,11,1637,"Written in the Visigothic kingdom, probably in the same scriptorium which produced the Cassianus, MS Vatic. Lat. 5766 (CLA [1.44](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/52)), where discarded legal manuscripts were available for rewriting. Contains a constitutio of the Visigothic king Theudis found in no other known manuscript.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67803",,"two parts of fol. 15 shown",,,"Script is a narrow rapid uncial leaning to the left and closely resembling the script of [MS Vatic. Lat. 5766](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/52) (Cassianus on top of various legal palimpsests): the bow of **A** is small and hangs above the line; **G** and **Ᵹ**; **i**-longa occurs for the yod-sound (eIus); the oblique of **N** is usually thinner than the uprights; the top of **T** forms a loop at the left; v-shaped **U** is frequently suprascript at and near line-end; ligatures occur (e.g. **OR**, **UR**). Small Rustic capitals are used for dates, sloping half-uncial for the phrase 'interpretatione non indiget' following the text of the respective law.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/396,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/396,"Script is a narrow rapid uncial leaning to the left and closely resembling the script of MS Vatic. Lat. 5766 (Cassianus on top of various legal palimpsests): the bow of A is small and hangs above the line; G and Ᵹ; i-longa occurs for the yod-sound (eIus); the oblique of N is usually thinner than the uprights; the top of T forms a loop at the left; v-shaped U is frequently suprascript at and near line-end; ligatures occur (e.g. OR, UR). Small Rustic capitals are used for dates, sloping half-uncial for the phrase 'interpretatione non indiget' following the text of the respective law.
","Written in the Visigothic kingdom, probably in the same scriptorium which produced the Cassianus, MS Vatic. Lat. 5766 (CLA 1.44), where discarded legal manuscripts were available for rewriting. Contains a constitutio of the Visigothic king Theudis found in no other known manuscript.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/396.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/396.jpg 397,1782,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1638,"Written in Spain, in a scriptorium of strict economy, to judge by the tiny script and the use of poor parchment. First recorded in the possession of the cathedral of Toledo in 1727 (teste Millares Carlo), but was probably there centuries earlier.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67804",,"foll. 54 and 83v ",,,"Script is early Visigothic minuscule: **i**-longa is regularly used initially and for the yod-sound medially; cup-shaped suprascript **u** is frequent; **at** ligature is frequent at line-end; no distinction is made between the soft and hard **ti**. Marginalia and additions in Visigothic cursive on many leaves. A list of the Spanish episcopal sees saec. IX–X added on fol. 163v. Notes in Arabic occur frequently.","☛Formerly Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional Toletanus 15, 8.",,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/397,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/397,"Script is early Visigothic minuscule: i-longa is regularly used initially and for the yod-sound medially; cup-shaped suprascript u is frequent; at ligature is frequent at line-end; no distinction is made between the soft and hard ti. Marginalia and additions in Visigothic cursive on many leaves. A list of the Spanish episcopal sees saec. IX–X added on fol. 163v. Notes in Arabic occur frequently.
","Written in Spain, in a scriptorium of strict economy, to judge by the tiny script and the use of poor parchment. First recorded in the possession of the cathedral of Toledo in 1727 (teste Millares Carlo), but was probably there centuries earlier.
","☛Formerly Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional Toletanus 15, 8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/397.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/397.jpg 398,1783,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1639,"Origin uncertain. Written presumably in Burgundy or in Western Germany, to judge by palaeography. Noteworthy are the almost constant use of uncial **R**, the two branches of **y** leaning to the right, the spelling of **ae** for **e** in the original, and the marked separation of many words all of which suggest copying from an Insular exemplar. The manuscript in the middle of which our leaf is now bound probably originated at Metz between 820–828; it migrated to the abbey of Prüm in the Eifel about 828 and from there to Liège apparently in 922. In 1543 it was presented to 'Franciscus Monachi', probably a friar from Malines (cf. fol. 17, lower margin). It is not known when the manuscript reached its present home.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Nm 19–21).",Parchment,,,"TM 67805",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is a bold pre-Caroline minuscule: 'oc' **a** is the rule, but 'aaron' is written several times with two **a**'s; **d** has two forms, mostly **d**; **i**-longa occurs often initially; **N** is occasionally suprascript and lying on its side (when space is short at line-end); **r** has two forms, capital **R** prevails (it also occurs in the **eR** ligature); **y** is short and has both branches curving to the right.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/398,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/398,"Script is a bold pre-Caroline minuscule: 'oc' a is the rule, but 'aaron' is written several times with two a's; d has two forms, mostly d; i-longa occurs often initially; N is occasionally suprascript and lying on its side (when space is short at line-end); r has two forms, capital R prevails (it also occurs in the eR ligature); y is short and has both branches curving to the right.
","Origin uncertain. Written presumably in Burgundy or in Western Germany, to judge by palaeography. Noteworthy are the almost constant use of uncial R, the two branches of y leaning to the right, the spelling of ae for e in the original, and the marked separation of many words all of which suggest copying from an Insular exemplar. The manuscript in the middle of which our leaf is now bound probably originated at Metz between 820–828; it migrated to the abbey of Prüm in the Eifel about 828 and from there to Liège apparently in 922. In 1543 it was presented to 'Franciscus Monachi', probably a friar from Malines (cf. fol. 17, lower margin). It is not known when the manuscript reached its present home.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/398.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/398.jpg 399,1784,Uncial,VI,501,600,11,1640,"Written in a centre with a distinct sense of calligraphy, probably in Italy, but Spain cannot be excluded. This precious leaf, which, oddly enough, happens to be the oldest extant witness of this famous work of St Augustine, turned up during the Spanish Civil War in a Madrid convent; it was Professor A. Millares Carlo, formerly of the University of Madrid, who was instrumental in providing the editor with the photograph on which our facsimile is based. The leaf could not be located in 1952, and its present whereabout is still unknown.",,,,"Augustinus, Confessiones (9.13.1–10.3.4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67806",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is a well-formed uncial, though not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the ligature **UI** occurs (verso, l.14). The first two lines, which originally may have been in red, were retraced apparently much later.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/399,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/399,"Script is a well-formed uncial, though not of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; the ligature UI occurs (verso, l.14). The first two lines, which originally may have been in red, were retraced apparently much later.
","Written in a centre with a distinct sense of calligraphy, probably in Italy, but Spain cannot be excluded. This precious leaf, which, oddly enough, happens to be the oldest extant witness of this famous work of St Augustine, turned up during the Spanish Civil War in a Madrid convent; it was Professor A. Millares Carlo, formerly of the University of Madrid, who was instrumental in providing the editor with the photograph on which our facsimile is based. The leaf could not be located in 1952, and its present whereabout is still unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/399.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/399.jpg 400,1785,Uncial,VIII,701,800,11,1641,"Written in France, presumably in the Western or Southern part and probably in the centre which produced the Fleury Homiliary (CLA [6.802](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1216)). The manuscript with which this fragment is bound belonged to cardinal Zelada (†1801).",,,,"Lectionarium. Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 24, Apc 11.15–12.8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67807",,"verso is shown",,,"Script is late uncial of the curious longish type seen in Orléans 154 (131) + Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1598 + 1599 (CLA [6.802](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1216)): the bow of **A** is low and small; **LL** run together; the top of **T** is ticked at the left end; **U** is often v-shaped; ascenders and descenders are markedly long; half-uncial **a** occurs in a run-over; **US** in ligature at line-end. The recto is practically illegible except for the beginning where Lc 24.24 can be deciphered; therefore, the manuscript did not contain the continuous text of the Apocalypse.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/400,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/400,"Script is late uncial of the curious longish type seen in Orléans 154 (131) + Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1598 + 1599 (CLA 6.802): the bow of A is low and small; LL run together; the top of T is ticked at the left end; U is often v-shaped; ascenders and descenders are markedly long; half-uncial a occurs in a run-over; US in ligature at line-end. The recto is practically illegible except for the beginning where Lc 24.24 can be deciphered; therefore, the manuscript did not contain the continuous text of the Apocalypse.
","Written in France, presumably in the Western or Southern part and probably in the centre which produced the Fleury Homiliary (CLA 6.802). The manuscript with which this fragment is bound belonged to cardinal Zelada (†1801).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/400.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/400.jpg 401,1786,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,11,1642,"Written in the South English centre which also produced the Vespasian Psalter, probably at St Augustine's, Canterbury. Was at some time in the ninth century in the hands of pagan Norsemen, from whom it was ransomed by alderman Ælfred and his wife Werburg, who gave it to Christ Church, Canterbury, between 871–889. In the sixteenth and seventeenth century the manuscript was in Spain, where its first-known owner was Jeronimo Zurita (ca. 1580). Belonged successively to the charterhouse of Aula Dei near Saragossa, the Conde-Duque de Olivares, and his son, Gaspar de Haro, Marqués d'Eliche, from whose library it was acquired for the Royal Library in 1690 by Johan Gabriel Sparwenfeldt (cf. his note on fol. 3).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Codex Aureus Holmiensis. Stockholm Codex Aureus. Canterbury Codex Aureus. (aur)",,"TM 67808",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is expert imitation uncial: noteworthy is the predominant use of capital **G**, as in the Vespasian Psalter (CLA [2.193](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/508)); occasional intrusion, especially near line-end, of capital **V**; nestling letters and some ligatures including **MI** in a form analogous to Insular minuscule occur. Corrections in uncial, here and there in Anglo-Saxon minuscule (foll. 111, 112). Anglo-Saxon vernacular entries on foll. 1 (saec. X?) and 11 (saec. IX).","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 44.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/401,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/401,"Script is expert imitation uncial: noteworthy is the predominant use of capital G, as in the Vespasian Psalter (CLA 2.193); occasional intrusion, especially near line-end, of capital V; nestling letters and some ligatures including MI in a form analogous to Insular minuscule occur. Corrections in uncial, here and there in Anglo-Saxon minuscule (foll. 111, 112). Anglo-Saxon vernacular entries on foll. 1 (saec. X?) and 11 (saec. IX).
","Written in the South English centre which also produced the Vespasian Psalter, probably at St Augustine's, Canterbury. Was at some time in the ninth century in the hands of pagan Norsemen, from whom it was ransomed by alderman Ælfred and his wife Werburg, who gave it to Christ Church, Canterbury, between 871–889. In the sixteenth and seventeenth century the manuscript was in Spain, where its first-known owner was Jeronimo Zurita (ca. 1580). Belonged successively to the charterhouse of Aula Dei near Saragossa, the Conde-Duque de Olivares, and his son, Gaspar de Haro, Marqués d'Eliche, from whose library it was acquired for the Royal Library in 1690 by Johan Gabriel Sparwenfeldt (cf. his note on fol. 3).
","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 44.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/401.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/401.jpg 402,1787,Uncial,VI,501,600,11,1643,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 872. It is not certain whether the contents are verse or prose.",0,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (6.698–700, 706, 711).",Parchment,,,"TM 62973",,"both sides of the entire fragment shown",,,"Script is broad uncial, not of the oldest type: the eye of **E** is closed; the upright strokes of **N** are very thin; the bow of **R** is full; **S** occurs in ligature with **U** at line-end.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 21 (date V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 12.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/402,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/402,"Script is broad uncial, not of the oldest type: the eye of E is closed; the upright strokes of N are very thin; the bow of R is full; S occurs in ligature with U at line-end.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 872. It is not certain whether the contents are verse or prose.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 21 (date V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 12.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/402.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/402.jpg 403,1789,"Mixed Rustic Capital","I–II (ante 115)",1,114,11,1644,"Written before 115, the terminus post quem non furnished by the Greek note on fragment a, presumably in Egypt. Found at Karanis by the University of Michigan expedition in 1925–6. On the verso is a grapheion record in Greek.",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Ignoti.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63274",,"recto of fragment b shown",,,"Script is rapid Rustic with some cursive elements: **A** not barred; **E**, like **F**, often rises above the other letters as in later Rustic manuscripts; noteworthy is the form of **G** with the tail swung to the right; **O** is narrow; **Q** is cursive; **S** is narrow and made in three strokes; **U** is broad and roundish. A Greek note is added in the upper margin of fragment a and contains the date 115.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 45.",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/403,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/403,"Script is rapid Rustic with some cursive elements: A not barred; E, like F, often rises above the other letters as in later Rustic manuscripts; noteworthy is the form of G with the tail swung to the right; O is narrow; Q is cursive; S is narrow and made in three strokes; U is broad and roundish. A Greek note is added in the upper margin of fragment a and contains the date 115.
","Written before 115, the terminus post quem non furnished by the Greek note on fragment a, presumably in Egypt. Found at Karanis by the University of Michigan expedition in 1925–6. On the verso is a grapheion record in Greek.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 45.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/403.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/403.jpg 404,1790,"Rustic Capital",I,1,100,11,1645,"Origin uncertain.",0,,,"Exercitatio Scribendi.",Papyrus,,,TM63127,,"entire fragment shown",,,"Script is stately Rustic capital of the broad type approaching square capital, with the usual hair-lines and feet: **I** and **T** are hardly differentiated.","☛CLA contents (Fragmentum Iuris Romani) changed to follow A. Welkenhuysen, Antidorum Peremans, Leuven 1968, p. 309–16. and S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 36.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/404,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/404,"Script is stately Rustic capital of the broad type approaching square capital, with the usual hair-lines and feet: I and T are hardly differentiated.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛CLA contents (Fragmentum Iuris Romani) changed to follow A. Welkenhuysen, Antidorum Peremans, Leuven 1968, p. 309–16. and S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 36.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/404.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/404.jpg 405,1791,"Cursive Capital",II²–III¹,151,250,11,1646,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found in Egypt at the site of the ancient city of Tebtunis by the University of California expedition in 1899–1900. Numbered P. Tebt. 686. Now in the University of California Library at Berkeley.",3,,,"Exercitationes Scribendi (Vergilius, Georgica (4.1–2)).",Papyrus,,,"TM 97904",,"fragment a shown",,,"Script, written across the fibres by a skilful hand, is bold cursive capital sloping distinctly to the left and recalling London Papyrus 229, the record of the sale of a slave in 166: the foot of **L** frequently descends obliquely to the right; the middle stroke of **N**, instead of being oblique, tops the two uprights, the whole resembling Greek **π**; **O** is tiny, sometimes shrivelling to a mere dot; **Q** is cursive with its tail descending to the right below the line; **R** is cursive; the uprights of **I**, **L**, and **U** are topped by serifs. Running in the reverse direction on both fragments are accounts in smaller cursive capital sloping to the right: **B** has the ancient cursive form; **G** is cursive with its tail turning sharply to the right and not below the line; **H** is angular; **M** is made in four strokes; the tail of **Q** is boldly swung to the right; **R** is cursive; **U** makes an acute angle.","☛CLA date change from saec. II ex, cf. Scappaticcio.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/405,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/405,"Script, written across the fibres by a skilful hand, is bold cursive capital sloping distinctly to the left and recalling London Papyrus 229, the record of the sale of a slave in 166: the foot of L frequently descends obliquely to the right; the middle stroke of N, instead of being oblique, tops the two uprights, the whole resembling Greek π; O is tiny, sometimes shrivelling to a mere dot; Q is cursive with its tail descending to the right below the line; R is cursive; the uprights of I, L, and U are topped by serifs. Running in the reverse direction on both fragments are accounts in smaller cursive capital sloping to the right: B has the ancient cursive form; G is cursive with its tail turning sharply to the right and not below the line; H is angular; M is made in four strokes; the tail of Q is boldly swung to the right; R is cursive; U makes an acute angle.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found in Egypt at the site of the ancient city of Tebtunis by the University of California expedition in 1899–1900. Numbered P. Tebt. 686. Now in the University of California Library at Berkeley.
","☛CLA date change from saec. II ex, cf. Scappaticcio.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/405.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/405.jpg 406,1792,Cursive,II²–III¹,151,250,11,1647,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found in Egypt at the site of the ancient city of Tebtunis by the University of California expedition in 1899–1900. Numbered P. Tebt. 686. Now in the University of California Library at Berkeley.",3,,,"Exercitationes Scribendi (Vergilius, Georgica (4.1–2); De Laboribus Herculis)",Papyrus,,,"TM 97904",,"part of the more cursive script on fragment b and the bottom of fragment a (b appears first)",,,"Script of fragment a, written along the fibres, is expert calligraphic cursive: noteworthy are the forms of **G** and **Q** with the tails swinging to the right; **B** has the ancient cursive form; **ꝺ** has the uncial form; **L** extends below the line at an obtuse angle; **M** is made with four oblique strokes; the oblique stroke of **N** swings well above the line; **O** often very tiny, a Greek feature; the second stroke of **S** is often a straight horizontal; the bottom of **U** is angular; the uprights of **I**, **L**, and **U** are topped by serifs. On fragment b in a contemporary, somewhat more cursive script sloping to the right are four lines of an unidentified, manifestly literary text, beginning '-limus vel ipsa nobis'. On the lower part of fragment b is a writing exercise, probably by the same hand as those of the recto, which begins 'Nulliummulli'.","☛CLA date change from saec. II ex, cf. Scappaticcio.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/406,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/406,"Script of fragment a, written along the fibres, is expert calligraphic cursive: noteworthy are the forms of G and Q with the tails swinging to the right; B has the ancient cursive form; ꝺ has the uncial form; L extends below the line at an obtuse angle; M is made with four oblique strokes; the oblique stroke of N swings well above the line; O often very tiny, a Greek feature; the second stroke of S is often a straight horizontal; the bottom of U is angular; the uprights of I, L, and U are topped by serifs. On fragment b in a contemporary, somewhat more cursive script sloping to the right are four lines of an unidentified, manifestly literary text, beginning '-limus vel ipsa nobis'. On the lower part of fragment b is a writing exercise, probably by the same hand as those of the recto, which begins 'Nulliummulli'.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found in Egypt at the site of the ancient city of Tebtunis by the University of California expedition in 1899–1900. Numbered P. Tebt. 686. Now in the University of California Library at Berkeley.
","☛CLA date change from saec. II ex, cf. Scappaticcio.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/406.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/406.jpg 407,1793,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,11,1648,"Written presumably in an important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt. Formerly in the collection of Mr George A. Poole, Jr., where it bore the number 2; now in the possession of Indiana University.",3,,,"Commentarius in Ius Romanum Graeco-Latinum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 67809",,"recto of fragment a shown",,,"Script is a sloping expert half-uncial of a distinct type seen in other legal manuscripts of which the Formula Fabiana is an eminent example (CLA [8.1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), [10.**1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)): **r** is half-uncial and square-shouldered; **S** has the uncial form; the top of **ꞇ** is ticked at both ends.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/407,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/407,"Script is a sloping expert half-uncial of a distinct type seen in other legal manuscripts of which the Formula Fabiana is an eminent example (CLA 8.1042, 10.**1042): r is half-uncial and square-shouldered; S has the uncial form; the top of ꞇ is ticked at both ends.
","Written presumably in an important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt. Formerly in the collection of Mr George A. Poole, Jr., where it bore the number 2; now in the possession of Indiana University.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/407.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/407.jpg 408,1795,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,11,1649,"Written apparently in some French scriptorium, probably in Burgundy; to be compared with Verona 52 (50) (CLA [4.505](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/853)). Later history unknown.",3,,,"Excerpta ex Patribus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67810",,"one strip shown",,,"Script is a curious minuscule noteworthy for the frequent use of uncial **R** (even in the same word with minuscule **r**): **a** has two forms, the open **a** predominating; **e** often has a forestroke; **g** resembles Arabic 3; **i**-longa occurs initially and goes below the line.","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 901. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/408,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/408,"Script is a curious minuscule noteworthy for the frequent use of uncial R (even in the same word with minuscule r): a has two forms, the open a predominating; e often has a forestroke; g resembles Arabic 3; i-longa occurs initially and goes below the line.
","Written apparently in some French scriptorium, probably in Burgundy; to be compared with Verona 52 (50) (CLA 4.505). Later history unknown.
","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 901.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/408.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/408.jpg 409,1796,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,11,1650,"Written apparently in Italy. Found in Egypt in 1954–5. Acquired by the late Prof. David M. Robinson of the University of Mississippi and bequeathed by him to Prof. William H. Willis of Duke University, who intends to give it eventually to the University Library.",3,,,"Cicero, In Catilinam (6–9, 13–33); Alcestis; Greek short hand manual, alphabetic.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59453",,"both sides of entire fragment shown",,,"Script is small half-uncial, recalling the quarter-uncial type: **a** has two forms, one rising above the base-line in ligature with the next letter and the other resembling the uncial; **c** and **e** often rise above the other letters; **i**-longa occurs in mid-word for no reason; **o** is shrunken.","☛Formerly Barcelona, Fundacion San Lucas Evangelista 126–181. ☛Formerly Durham (NC), Duke University P. Robinson 201. ☛Formerly Durham (NC), Duke University P. Robinson Lat. 1.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/409,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/409,"Script is small half-uncial, recalling the quarter-uncial type: a has two forms, one rising above the base-line in ligature with the next letter and the other resembling the uncial; c and e often rise above the other letters; i-longa occurs in mid-word for no reason; o is shrunken.
","Written apparently in Italy. Found in Egypt in 1954–5. Acquired by the late Prof. David M. Robinson of the University of Mississippi and bequeathed by him to Prof. William H. Willis of Duke University, who intends to give it eventually to the University Library.
","☛Formerly Barcelona, Fundacion San Lucas Evangelista 126–181. ☛Formerly Durham (NC), Duke University P. Robinson 201. ☛Formerly Durham (NC), Duke University P. Robinson Lat. 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/409.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/409.jpg 410,1797,Uncial,V,401,500,11,1651,"Origin uncertain, presumably a centre in the East. To be compared with the uncial of the palimpsest in London Oriental MS 4717 (5) B (CLA [2.206](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/524)). Acquired in 1953 by Mr Robert S. Allen from a dealer in Egyptian antiquities.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Coptic, Sap 11.4–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 109378",,"recto of the larger fragment shown",,,"Script is regular uncial of not quite the oldest type: **B** has a small upper bow which rises somewhat above the line; then hasta of **E** is central; the bows of **M** are rounded.","☛Formerly Salem, Western Baptist College without number [palimpsest new].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/410,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/410,"Script is regular uncial of not quite the oldest type: B has a small upper bow which rises somewhat above the line; then hasta of E is central; the bows of M are rounded.
","Origin uncertain, presumably a centre in the East. To be compared with the uncial of the palimpsest in London Oriental MS 4717 (5) B (CLA 2.206). Acquired in 1953 by Mr Robert S. Allen from a dealer in Egyptian antiquities.
","☛Formerly Salem, Western Baptist College without number [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/410.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/410.jpg 411,1798,"Early Half-Uncial","V ex",476,500,11,1652,"Written probably in Egypt, presumably as a school book and executed with great care. Found in Southern Palestine at the site of the ancient settlement of Nessana by the Colt Archaeological Expedition of 1937. Now deposited in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis, with a Latin-Greek glossary on books 1,2, and 4, with Greek translation of books 1 and 2.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62974",,"papyrological recto of fragment III shown",,,"Script is characteristic sloping half-uncial of an early type, with admixture of uncial elements and with strong contrast between thick and thin strokes: the bow of **a** is round; the upright stem of **d** joins the lower bow above the base-line; the hasta of **f** is on the base-line; **G** is uncial; **L** almost regularly extends horizontally beneath the next letter, a cursive survival; the tops of **m** and **r** are squarish; the oblique of **N** is thin; the bow of **p** is small, that of **q** ample; the lower stroke of **s** is a fine hair-line, making an angle with the oblique; the top of **T** is thickened at both ends; **u** is broad .","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 6 (date V ex–VI in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 8.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/411,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/411,"Script is characteristic sloping half-uncial of an early type, with admixture of uncial elements and with strong contrast between thick and thin strokes: the bow of a is round; the upright stem of d joins the lower bow above the base-line; the hasta of f is on the base-line; G is uncial; L almost regularly extends horizontally beneath the next letter, a cursive survival; the tops of m and r are squarish; the oblique of N is thin; the bow of p is small, that of q ample; the lower stroke of s is a fine hair-line, making an angle with the oblique; the top of T is thickened at both ends; u is broad .
","Written probably in Egypt, presumably as a school book and executed with great care. Found in Southern Palestine at the site of the ancient settlement of Nessana by the Colt Archaeological Expedition of 1937. Now deposited in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 6 (date V ex–VI in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/411.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/411.jpg 412,1799,"Mixed Uncial",V,401,500,11,1653,"Written presumably in Egypt. A crude local product, doubtless a schoolbook. Found in Southern Palestine at the site of the ancient settlement of Nessana by the Colt Archaeological Expedition of 1937. Now deposited in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (2.296–338, 3.559–666, 4.450–686, 5.8–681, 6.425–880, lacunae).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62972",,"verso of fragments X and XII",,,"Script is uncial with half-uncial (**d**, **m**) and cursive (**L**, **i**-longa) admixture: **a** and **b** have two forms; **H** is capital; **i**-longa is used irregularly and promiscuously; **m** is squarish; **N** limps, with the second upright distinctly shortened, a form probably due to Greek influence; **O** is narrow, here and there small; the bows of **P** and **q** are thin; **S** is large and goes below the line; **U** is broad and cup-shaped; **Y** is made with two strokes, not three, the second branch continued below the line. Greek influence seems apparent in the forms of **E**, **I**-longa, **N**, shrunken **O**, and **Y**.","☛Papyri Vergilianae 12 (date V ex–VI in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 16.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/412,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/412,"Script is uncial with half-uncial (d, m) and cursive (L, i-longa) admixture: a and b have two forms; H is capital; i-longa is used irregularly and promiscuously; m is squarish; N limps, with the second upright distinctly shortened, a form probably due to Greek influence; O is narrow, here and there small; the bows of P and q are thin; S is large and goes below the line; U is broad and cup-shaped; Y is made with two strokes, not three, the second branch continued below the line. Greek influence seems apparent in the forms of E, I-longa, N, shrunken O, and Y.
","Written presumably in Egypt. A crude local product, doubtless a schoolbook. Found in Southern Palestine at the site of the ancient settlement of Nessana by the Colt Archaeological Expedition of 1937. Now deposited in the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York.
","☛Papyri Vergilianae 12 (date V ex–VI in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 16.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/412.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/412.jpg 413,1800,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1654,"Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2. I), Madrid, Acad. de la Hist. 81 + London (CLA [11.**195](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/330)), and Escorial, & I. 14 (CLA [11.1635](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/394)), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. The leaf evidently served as a cover for a document, as may be seen from the entry in an Italian hand in the left margin (saec. XVI–XVII). Bequeathed to Columbia University by G. A. Plimpton of New York in 1936.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Vulgata, Ios 21.31–22.33).",Parchment,,,"TM 67811",,"lower part of the verso shown",,,"Script is a moderately compressed minuscule of the older type leaning slightly to the left: **d** has two forms, the uncial less frequent; **i**-longa is regularly used initially (even Illius) and for the semi-vocal sound medially (eIus); a forked form of **i**-longa resembling tall Y occurs once; suprascript **t** occurs at line-end, its stem being an extension of the second upright of preceding **n** (cf. l. 62); the soft and hard sounds of **ti** are not distinguished; the typically Visigothic form of the numeral **XL** occurs; **t** occurs in ligature with **e** and with **r**.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/413,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/413,"Script is a moderately compressed minuscule of the older type leaning slightly to the left: d has two forms, the uncial less frequent; i-longa is regularly used initially (even Illius) and for the semi-vocal sound medially (eIus); a forked form of i-longa resembling tall Y occurs once; suprascript t occurs at line-end, its stem being an extension of the second upright of preceding n (cf. l. 62); the soft and hard sounds of ti are not distinguished; the typically Visigothic form of the numeral XL occurs; t occurs in ligature with e and with r.
","Written in Spain and probably in the same scriptorium as the Vulgate Codex Toletanus (Madrid, B. N. Tol. 2. I), Madrid, Acad. de la Hist. 81 + London (CLA 11.**195), and Escorial, & I. 14 (CLA 11.1635), all manuscripts of similar large dimensions, of the same format, and with the same systems of pricking and punctuation. The leaf evidently served as a cover for a document, as may be seen from the entry in an Italian hand in the left margin (saec. XVI–XVII). Bequeathed to Columbia University by G. A. Plimpton of New York in 1936.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/413.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/413.jpg 414,1803,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1655,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably in Germany. The verso of the Plimpton leaf has a nineteenth-century marginal note which reads: 'From Fire in Hotel Cluny.’ The Plimpton leaf was acquired from J. Martini by G. A. Plimpton and bequeathed by him to Columbia University in 1936. The other leaf was purchased from J. Martini by the Morgan Library.",3,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma (1.36–41, 65–68).",Parchment,,,"TM 67812",,"verso of the Plimpton leaf",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type practised in some Germanic centres: descenders are rather long; the bow of **a** is noticeably angular; **d** almost regularly has the uncial form; **g** has a small head and an elongated bow; **i**-longa occurs initially. Corrections in ordinary minuscule saec. IX.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3604.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/414,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/414,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type practised in some Germanic centres: descenders are rather long; the bow of a is noticeably angular; d almost regularly has the uncial form; g has a small head and an elongated bow; i-longa occurs initially. Corrections in ordinary minuscule saec. IX.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably in Germany. The verso of the Plimpton leaf has a nineteenth-century marginal note which reads: 'From Fire in Hotel Cluny.’ The Plimpton leaf was acquired from J. Martini by G. A. Plimpton and bequeathed by him to Columbia University in 1936. The other leaf was purchased from J. Martini by the Morgan Library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3604.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/414.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/414.jpg 415,1804,Cursive,III–IV,201,400,11,1656,"Written doubtless in Egypt. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.",3,,,"Babrius, Fabulae cum Versione Latina (11, 16, 17).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59335",,"fragment 2 shown",,,"Script of the Latin, by the same hand as the Greek, is the later Roman cursive in its incipient stage: **a** and squeezed **o** show distinct Greek influence; **c** is made of two curved strokes one above the other, this form later enters Beneventan and other minuscule scripts; **g** has several forms; **s** often consists of two intersecting arcs; the top of **t** is a straight horizontal, a Greek trait; **u** is broad and angular.","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/415,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/415,"Script of the Latin, by the same hand as the Greek, is the later Roman cursive in its incipient stage: a and squeezed o show distinct Greek influence; c is made of two curved strokes one above the other, this form later enters Beneventan and other minuscule scripts; g has several forms; s often consists of two intersecting arcs; the top of t is a straight horizontal, a Greek trait; u is broad and angular.
","Written doubtless in Egypt. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.
","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/415.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/415.jpg 416,1805,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,11,1657,"Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, presumably in a centre of legal studies. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.",3,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani (?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 64590",,"recto of fragments a, b, and c shown",,,"Script is early sloping half-uncial of the distinct type seen in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), CLA 10, p. 27): **G** is uncial, its tail tiny; the foot of **L** extends horizontally below the following letter; **m** is squarish; **r** is broad, the shoulder square-topped with c-like ending; the top of **t** has a downward thickening at both ends.","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown. ",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/416,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/416,"Script is early sloping half-uncial of the distinct type seen in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042, CLA 10, p. 27): G is uncial, its tail tiny; the foot of L extends horizontally below the following letter; m is squarish; r is broad, the shoulder square-topped with c-like ending; the top of t has a downward thickening at both ends.
","Written probably in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, presumably in a centre of legal studies. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.
","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/416.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/416.jpg 417,1806,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,11,1658,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. Was number 57 in the Joseph Barrois collection. Bought by Lord Ashburnham in 1849 and acquired by the Morgan Library in 1902.",1,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (190); Caesarius Arelatensis, Sermones; Epiphanius, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66277",,"entire fol. 37v ",,,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule: ascenders on the first line and descenders on the last line often prolonged; **i**-longa frequent initially; **o** has a horn bent to the right at the top—a Merovingian feature; **u** occasionally suprascript and sickle-shaped at line-end; **y** is short and often dotted; ligatures of **t** with a following vowel are very frequent and **ti** ligature is used indifferently for both the hard and soft sounds of ti.","☛New York, Morgan M17 = Tewes, Luxueil No. 8b. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes. ☛Formerly Luzern, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/417,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/417,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule: ascenders on the first line and descenders on the last line often prolonged; i-longa frequent initially; o has a horn bent to the right at the top—a Merovingian feature; u occasionally suprascript and sickle-shaped at line-end; y is short and often dotted; ligatures of t with a following vowel are very frequent and ti ligature is used indifferently for both the hard and soft sounds of ti.
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. Was number 57 in the Joseph Barrois collection. Bought by Lord Ashburnham in 1849 and acquired by the Morgan Library in 1902.
","☛New York, Morgan M17 = Tewes, Luxueil No. 8b. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes. ☛Formerly Luzern, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/417.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/417.jpg 418,1807,Uncial,"VII² (669)",669,669,11,1659,"Written at Luxeuil, the Burgundian monastery established by St Columbanus, in the twelfth year of King Chlothar III and in the fortieth year presumably of Abbot Waldebert, as witnessed by the subscription in uncial on fol. 133v which reads: 'EXPLECITUm OPUS FAUENTE DOMINO APUD COENUBIUm LUSSOUIUm ANNO DUODECIMO REGIS CHLOTHACHARII INDICTIONE TERCIA DECIMA ANno XLSIMO PatrIS NostrI FELiciter PerACTO'. The date 669 was fully established by J. Havet, a date congruent with its palaeography. Belonged to St Peter's in Beauvais, perhaps already in the eleventh century as a gift from Roscelinus grammaticus, certainly by the thirteenth century, to judge by the ex-libris on foll. 2, 73, 96, and 133v. Used by the Maurists. Before it was acquired by the Morgan Library in 1907, it was at the Château de Troussures (Oise). This manuscript is important, not only as being one of the rare dated uncial manuscripts of the seventh century, but also for furnishmg direct connection with the type of minuscule known as Luxeuil (see CLA 6 p. XV ff.).",1,,,"Augustinus, De Epistula Iohannis ad Parthos Sermones X. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67814",,"foll. 35 and 80v",,,"Script is uncial of French type by at least two different hands: the bow of **A** is often pendant and here and there approaches the typical Luxeuil form; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the tail of **G** is thin and turns left in one hand, is short and ends in a hair-line to the right in the second; **i**-longa now and then; the serif at the foot of **T** makes a right angle; suprascript V-shaped **U** occurs; **LL** run together; ligatures are used at line-ends. Some of the script has been retraced. Various corrections, some in early minuscule, none in Luxeuil type. Notae Tironianae are seen on foll. 38v, 69v, and 105. For parallels of 'ex plecitum' in the colophon, see the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and the Palatine Cicero, CLA [1.77](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/88).","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 9. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes; passage in half-uncial fol. 9r. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3613a. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/418,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/418,"Script is uncial of French type by at least two different hands: the bow of A is often pendant and here and there approaches the typical Luxeuil form; the lower bow of B protrudes; the tail of G is thin and turns left in one hand, is short and ends in a hair-line to the right in the second; i-longa now and then; the serif at the foot of T makes a right angle; suprascript V-shaped U occurs; LL run together; ligatures are used at line-ends. Some of the script has been retraced. Various corrections, some in early minuscule, none in Luxeuil type. Notae Tironianae are seen on foll. 38v, 69v, and 105. For parallels of 'ex plecitum' in the colophon, see the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and the Palatine Cicero, CLA 1.77.
","Written at Luxeuil, the Burgundian monastery established by St Columbanus, in the twelfth year of King Chlothar III and in the fortieth year presumably of Abbot Waldebert, as witnessed by the subscription in uncial on fol. 133v which reads: 'EXPLECITUm OPUS FAUENTE DOMINO APUD COENUBIUm LUSSOUIUm ANNO DUODECIMO REGIS CHLOTHACHARII INDICTIONE TERCIA DECIMA ANno XLSIMO PatrIS NostrI FELiciter PerACTO'. The date 669 was fully established by J. Havet, a date congruent with its palaeography. Belonged to St Peter's in Beauvais, perhaps already in the eleventh century as a gift from Roscelinus grammaticus, certainly by the thirteenth century, to judge by the ex-libris on foll. 2, 73, 96, and 133v. Used by the Maurists. Before it was acquired by the Morgan Library in 1907, it was at the Château de Troussures (Oise). This manuscript is important, not only as being one of the rare dated uncial manuscripts of the seventh century, but also for furnishmg direct connection with the type of minuscule known as Luxeuil (see CLA 6 p. XV ff.).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 9. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes; passage in half-uncial fol. 9r. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3613a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/418.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/418.jpg 419,1808,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,11,1660,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge by its palaeography. Came to France, possibly by the tenth century, certainly by the end of the fourteenth, as the French entry testifies. Was doubtless the Parisinus of Aldus, the archetype of the French family.",3,,,"Plinius Minor, Epistulae (2.20.1–3.5.4, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67815",,"foll. 1 and 4v",,,"Script is uncial of great regularity of not quite the oldest type: the hasta of **E** often joins the curve towards the middle; **F** is narrow; the tail of **G** is very small and fine; the first stroke of **M** is curved; **R**, **S**, and **U** are rather broad. A note in Caroline minuscule saec. X on fol. 6; an entry in French concerning the keeper of the seal of the provosté of Meaux, Jean de Sauvénières, in French notarial script saec. XIV ex. is seen in the upper margin of fol. 4.","☛E. A. Lowe and E. K. Rand, A sixth-century fragment of the letters of Pliny the Younger (Washington 1922) [online here](https://archive.org/download/sixthcenturyfrag00lowe/sixthcenturyfrag00lowe.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/419,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/419,"Script is uncial of great regularity of not quite the oldest type: the hasta of E often joins the curve towards the middle; F is narrow; the tail of G is very small and fine; the first stroke of M is curved; R, S, and U are rather broad. A note in Caroline minuscule saec. X on fol. 6; an entry in French concerning the keeper of the seal of the provosté of Meaux, Jean de Sauvénières, in French notarial script saec. XIV ex. is seen in the upper margin of fol. 4.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge by its palaeography. Came to France, possibly by the tenth century, certainly by the end of the fourteenth, as the French entry testifies. Was doubtless the Parisinus of Aldus, the archetype of the French family.
","☛E. A. Lowe and E. K. Rand, A sixth-century fragment of the letters of Pliny the Younger (Washington 1922) online here.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/419.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/419.jpg 420,1810,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII med",726,775,11,1661,"Written in England, and probably in the South, as script and Canterbury type of decoration suggest. Was in the city of Lincoln in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Later belonged to the Marquess of Lothian, Blickling Hall, Norfolk. Acquired by the Morgan Library in 1932.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 9.9–30, 31–fin.).",Parchment,"Lincoln Psalter.",,"TM 67816",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a master scribe: **d** has two forms, the uncial rather rare; **N** and **n**; **R** and **r**, the uncial preponderant; **S** and **ꞅ**; ligatures of **Nꞅ** and **Uꞅ** at line-end. Some contemporary marginalia in Anglo-Saxon majuscule and some in somewhat later minuscule. Interlinear glosses in Anglo-Saxon here and there. Neumes added on foll. 60v, 74, et passim. A thirteenth-century English calendar was entered on the three leaves before fol. 4 and several names, dates, and notes saec. XVII, etc., on other fly-leaves.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/420,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/420,"Script is calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a master scribe: d has two forms, the uncial rather rare; N and n; R and r, the uncial preponderant; S and ꞅ; ligatures of Nꞅ and Uꞅ at line-end. Some contemporary marginalia in Anglo-Saxon majuscule and some in somewhat later minuscule. Interlinear glosses in Anglo-Saxon here and there. Neumes added on foll. 60v, 74, et passim. A thirteenth-century English calendar was entered on the three leaves before fol. 4 and several names, dates, and notes saec. XVII, etc., on other fly-leaves.
","Written in England, and probably in the South, as script and Canterbury type of decoration suggest. Was in the city of Lincoln in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Later belonged to the Marquess of Lothian, Blickling Hall, Norfolk. Acquired by the Morgan Library in 1932.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/420.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/420.jpg 421,1811,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,11,1662,"Written apparently in England. Its medieval history is unknown. It was later used in the binding of an incunabulum. Belonged to Sir Thomas Phillipps in whose library at Middlehill, Worcestershire, and later at Cheltenham it bore the number 36,275. Acquired by A. Chester Beatty in 1924 and purchased by the Morgan Library from a New York dealer in 1948.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum (3.29–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 67817",,"from the recto",,,"Script is a bold minuscule by an expert hand: noteworthy are the long descenders, especially of **s**; **ꝺ** is normally uncial; **i**-longa occurs at the beginning of words; the **ti** ligature resembles q with i above; the **ae** ligature resembles oe; the **nt** ligature occurs at line-end with the **t** rising above and also descending below the line; here and there the **st** ligature occurs; and the **tis** ligature at line-end.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/421,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/421,"Script is a bold minuscule by an expert hand: noteworthy are the long descenders, especially of s; ꝺ is normally uncial; i-longa occurs at the beginning of words; the ti ligature resembles q with i above; the ae ligature resembles oe; the nt ligature occurs at line-end with the t rising above and also descending below the line; here and there the st ligature occurs; and the tis ligature at line-end.
","Written apparently in England. Its medieval history is unknown. It was later used in the binding of an incunabulum. Belonged to Sir Thomas Phillipps in whose library at Middlehill, Worcestershire, and later at Cheltenham it bore the number 36,275. Acquired by A. Chester Beatty in 1924 and purchased by the Morgan Library from a New York dealer in 1948.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/421.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/421.jpg 422,1813,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1663,"Written doubtless in some centre in the Rhaetian region. The fragment comes from the collection of Max Kammerer of Wartenberg near Munich and was purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67818",,"both sides of the fragment shown ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Rhaetian type, somewhat broader and perhaps older than the sacramentaries seen in St Gall 348 and 350 (CLA [7.936](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398) and [939](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1401)): **a** has the open **a** form; **g** is 3-shaped; striking is the avoidance of **i**-longa, even at the beginning of a word; **ꞇ** has a meagre closed loop to the left; ligatures include **ni**, **ri**, and **ti** for both soft and hard ti. A later hand, probably saec. IX–X, filled out the rest of the page with an offertory prayer.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3606. ",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/422,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/422,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Rhaetian type, somewhat broader and perhaps older than the sacramentaries seen in St Gall 348 and 350 (CLA 7.936 and 939): a has the open a form; g is 3-shaped; striking is the avoidance of i-longa, even at the beginning of a word; ꞇ has a meagre closed loop to the left; ligatures include ni, ri, and ti for both soft and hard ti. A later hand, probably saec. IX–X, filled out the rest of the page with an offertory prayer.
","Written doubtless in some centre in the Rhaetian region. The fragment comes from the collection of Max Kammerer of Wartenberg near Munich and was purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3606.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/422.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/422.jpg 423,1814,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,11,1664,"Written in England, presumably in Northumbria, to judge by the general aspect of the script, the form of the initial, and the use of vellum. Formerly belonged to Max Kammerer. The fragments were purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (21.12, 16–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67819",,"verso of both fragments shown",,,"Script is a regular uncial of a type recalling the Northumbrian school: the bow of **A** is low; the tail of **G** is small and very thin; the cross-stroke of **N** is low; **S** is usually top-heavy; the top of **T** terminates in a tiny loop to the left; **X** is made in three strokes, the top right branch resembling an inverted comma. A somewhat similar type of uncial is seen in the Wroclaw Gregory (see CLA [11.1595](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/345)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/423,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/423,"Script is a regular uncial of a type recalling the Northumbrian school: the bow of A is low; the tail of G is small and very thin; the cross-stroke of N is low; S is usually top-heavy; the top of T terminates in a tiny loop to the left; X is made in three strokes, the top right branch resembling an inverted comma. A somewhat similar type of uncial is seen in the Wroclaw Gregory (see CLA 11.1595).
","Written in England, presumably in Northumbria, to judge by the general aspect of the script, the form of the initial, and the use of vellum. Formerly belonged to Max Kammerer. The fragments were purchased by William S. Glazier of New York in 1954.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/423.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/423.jpg 424,1815,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1665,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by its palaeography. Now deposited with the Scheide Collection in the Princeton University Library.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Dn 3.98–4.18, 7.2–21).",Parchment,,,"TM 67820",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule employing numerous cursive ligatures by a scribe with poor co-ordination; letters are angular and vary in direction: **a** and **d** have two forms; **i**-longa regularly used initially and medially, even before another ascender (Illius); the **te** ligature is frequent; **r** in ligature with a following vowel or with a following **r** or **s** is tall and descends well below the line; the **e** in the **ei** ligature leans strangely to the right; peculiar is the **nt** ligature in which the **t** is represented by a somewhat sinuous flourish attached to the foot of the second stroke of **n**. A noteworthy phenomenon is the scribe's distinguishing the soft and hard sounds of **ti** in the following singular manner: for soft **ti** he uses the form of the ligature **ti**, but here, unlike in Beneventan, it represents **tz** and is followed by letter **i**, a feature of several Italian charters and of the eighth-century Jerome, Ivrea Biblioteca Capitolare 183 (formerly Vercelli CLXXXIII) (CLA [4.469](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/816)); for the hard **ti** he uses the conjoined form, as does the Beneventan scribe.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/424,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/424,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule employing numerous cursive ligatures by a scribe with poor co-ordination; letters are angular and vary in direction: a and d have two forms; i-longa regularly used initially and medially, even before another ascender (Illius); the te ligature is frequent; r in ligature with a following vowel or with a following r or s is tall and descends well below the line; the e in the ei ligature leans strangely to the right; peculiar is the nt ligature in which the t is represented by a somewhat sinuous flourish attached to the foot of the second stroke of n. A noteworthy phenomenon is the scribe's distinguishing the soft and hard sounds of ti in the following singular manner: for soft ti he uses the form of the ligature ti, but here, unlike in Beneventan, it represents tz and is followed by letter i, a feature of several Italian charters and of the eighth-century Jerome, Ivrea Biblioteca Capitolare 183 (formerly Vercelli CLXXXIII) (CLA 4.469); for the hard ti he uses the conjoined form, as does the Beneventan scribe.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by its palaeography. Now deposited with the Scheide Collection in the Princeton University Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/424.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/424.jpg 425,1816,"Rustic Capital",II²–III,151,300,11,1666,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 871. A terminus ante quem for the Latin script is provided by part of a document on the verso in Greek cursive, probably of the fifth century.",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Philosophici.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64604",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is sloping expert Rustic capital: **F** narrow, the hasta high; **G** has a small tail; **i**-longa occurs with no special reason (quI, l.5); **M** and **N** are broad; striking is **Q** with a longish tail sweeping beneath the two following letters.","☛CLA date changed from saec. III, to follow P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), p. 365 n. 17. ☛Formerly Princeton, University Library CC 0174.6.871.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/425,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/425,"Script is sloping expert Rustic capital: F narrow, the hasta high; G has a small tail; i-longa occurs with no special reason (quI, l.5); M and N are broad; striking is Q with a longish tail sweeping beneath the two following letters.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 871. A terminus ante quem for the Latin script is provided by part of a document on the verso in Greek cursive, probably of the fifth century.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. III, to follow P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), p. 365 n. 17. ☛Formerly Princeton, University Library CC 0174.6.871.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/425.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/425.jpg 426,1817,Cursive,III,201,300,11,1667,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 1404. The text is part of a Latin paraphrase of the fable of the dog carrying meat over a stream who was deceived by his own image in the water.",3,,,"Aesopus, Fabula.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59041",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is sloping cursive by an expert scribe written across the fibres: **A** has three strokes: a straight oblique, a somewhat curving second stroke, and a vestigial transverse (see recto, second letter); **B** has the old cursive form; the two strokes of **C** intersect; **E** has two forms, including the V-shaped; **M** is made of four straight strokes, sometimes intersecting; **S** has the half-uncial form; the top of **T** is straight. On the verso written at right angles to the Latin are four lines of Greek, perhaps an account.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/426,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/426,"Script is sloping cursive by an expert scribe written across the fibres: A has three strokes: a straight oblique, a somewhat curving second stroke, and a vestigial transverse (see recto, second letter); B has the old cursive form; the two strokes of C intersect; E has two forms, including the V-shaped; M is made of four straight strokes, sometimes intersecting; S has the half-uncial form; the top of T is straight. On the verso written at right angles to the Latin are four lines of Greek, perhaps an account.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus and now numbered P. Oxy. 1404. The text is part of a Latin paraphrase of the fable of the dog carrying meat over a stream who was deceived by his own image in the water.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/426.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/426.jpg 427,1818,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,11,1668,"Written in the abbey of St Martin at Tours, probably during the abbacy of Alcuin (796–804). Formerly in the possession of the English collector, E. C. Hawtrey.",1,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67821",,"foll. 1 and 28v",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is Caroline minuscule of the pure Tours type, with Tours half-uncial seen in some opening lines: **a** has two forms; **ꝺ** and **N** occur; **y** is long and dotted; **z** occasionally has a dot on either side, a Tours feature (cf. CLA 6, p. xxvii ff.); ligatures include **NT** even in mid-line and or in mid-word. A note in chancery script saec. XIV–XV on p. 230 refers to the neighbouring abbey in Cormery.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/427,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/427,"Script, by more than one hand, is Caroline minuscule of the pure Tours type, with Tours half-uncial seen in some opening lines: a has two forms; ꝺ and N occur; y is long and dotted; z occasionally has a dot on either side, a Tours feature (cf. CLA 6, p. xxvii ff.); ligatures include NT even in mid-line and or in mid-word. A note in chancery script saec. XIV–XV on p. 230 refers to the neighbouring abbey in Cormery.
","Written in the abbey of St Martin at Tours, probably during the abbacy of Alcuin (796–804). Formerly in the possession of the English collector, E. C. Hawtrey.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/427.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/427.jpg 428,1819,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,11,1669,"Origin uncertain; palaeographical considerations point to North Italy, where the manuscript must have remained at least until the eighth century.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Codex Spalatensis. (P)",,"TM 67822",,"foll. 154v and 245v",,,"Script, by several hands, is regular and careful half-uncial of a late type, with **G** regularly uncial: the bows of **b**, **d**, **h**, and **m** are well rounded, that of **b** is open; Rustic capitals are often used at line-ends when space is lacking. A later hand writing more or less the same type of half-uncial entered on fol. 246 the beginning of the Gospel of John in Greek, using Latin characters as does the scribe of the Verona Greco-Latin Psalter (CLA [4.472](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/819)). Marginalia are of different periods: the oldest, liturgical in interest, seem of the North Italian type and date from saec. VIII in. (cf. foll. 2, 189v and 154v); the more recent entries are written in tenth- and eleventh-century Beneventan (foll. 82 and 245v) and in twelfth-century ordinary minuscule (fol. 246) and concern the ecclesiastical history of Spalato and Nona.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 138.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/428,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/428,"Script, by several hands, is regular and careful half-uncial of a late type, with G regularly uncial: the bows of b, d, h, and m are well rounded, that of b is open; Rustic capitals are often used at line-ends when space is lacking. A later hand writing more or less the same type of half-uncial entered on fol. 246 the beginning of the Gospel of John in Greek, using Latin characters as does the scribe of the Verona Greco-Latin Psalter (CLA 4.472). Marginalia are of different periods: the oldest, liturgical in interest, seem of the North Italian type and date from saec. VIII in. (cf. foll. 2, 189v and 154v); the more recent entries are written in tenth- and eleventh-century Beneventan (foll. 82 and 245v) and in twelfth-century ordinary minuscule (fol. 246) and concern the ecclesiastical history of Spalato and Nona.
","Origin uncertain; palaeographical considerations point to North Italy, where the manuscript must have remained at least until the eighth century.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 138.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/428.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/428.jpg 429,1820,Uncial,VIII,701,800,11,1670,"Written apparently in Italy and probably in the North. Bound in 1481 by a bookbinder in Venice or in Zadar as fly-leaves in a work on logic, which has remained in the library of the Franciscan Convent at Zadar since the late fifteenth century and now bears the number N. IX 5747. We are indebted to Professor G. Praga for the data given here.",3,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum Mixtum cum Lectionibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67823",,"part of fol. 2 and a thin strip of its conjoint shown",,,"Script is a natural, late type of uncial, remarkable for hair-lines terminating down-strokes: **LL** run together; the second bow of **M** is often joined to the first by a hair-line; the top of **T** is ticked at both ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/429,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/429,"Script is a natural, late type of uncial, remarkable for hair-lines terminating down-strokes: LL run together; the second bow of M is often joined to the first by a hair-line; the top of T is ticked at both ends.
","Written apparently in Italy and probably in the North. Bound in 1481 by a bookbinder in Venice or in Zadar as fly-leaves in a work on logic, which has remained in the library of the Franciscan Convent at Zadar since the late fifteenth century and now bears the number N. IX 5747. We are indebted to Professor G. Praga for the data given here.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/11/429.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/11/429.jpg 430,197,Uncial,V,401,500,2,"** (p.17)","Written in all probability in Africa. Found ca 1730 in the Castle of the Bishop of Trent. The Dublin leaf was separated after 1762 and was bought in Dublin before 1847; the London leaf was presented to F. Hervey, Bishop of Derry, ca. 1771, and bought by the British Museum from Capt. Luttrell Byrom in 1921. The main MS was taken to Vienna after 1800, and was returned to Trent in 1919. It has recently been repaired in the Vatican.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia Purpurea. (Vetus Latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc).",Parchment,"Codex Palatinus. (e)",,"TM 66281",,"verso of the London leaf ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_40107,"Script is a bold uncial, not of the very oldest type. Fuller details on this MS are given under Trent (CLA [4.437](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/746)).","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Origin uncertain; probably written either in North Italy or Africa) changed to follow second edition and CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Gamber, CLLA 4. ☛Formerly Trento, Museo Castello del Buonconsiglio cod. 1589. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1185. ☛Codex purpureus. ",,,,,746,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/430,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/430,"Script is a bold uncial, not of the very oldest type. Fuller details on this MS are given under Trent (CLA 4.437).
","Written in all probability in Africa. Found ca 1730 in the Castle of the Bishop of Trent. The Dublin leaf was separated after 1762 and was bought in Dublin before 1847; the London leaf was presented to F. Hervey, Bishop of Derry, ca. 1771, and bought by the British Museum from Capt. Luttrell Byrom in 1921. The main MS was taken to Vienna after 1800, and was returned to Trent in 1919. It has recently been repaired in the Vatican.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Origin uncertain; probably written either in North Italy or Africa) changed to follow second edition and CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Gamber, CLLA 4. ☛Formerly Trento, Museo Castello del Buonconsiglio cod. 1589. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1185. ☛Codex purpureus.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/430.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/430.jpg 431,135,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,2,118,"Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Io 7.27–28, 30–31).",Papyrus,"Fragmentum Aberdonense.",,"TM 61647",,"recto and verso of the entire fragment ",,,"Script is a small neat Rustic capital, but lacking the characteristic slimness of this type: the horizontal strokes of **E** are very fine, that of **H** crosses both uprights.","☛PSI 13 p. 97–102 [no. 1306]. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 52.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/431,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/431,"Script is a small neat Rustic capital, but lacking the characteristic slimness of this type: the horizontal strokes of E are very fine, that of H crosses both uprights.
","Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.
","☛PSI 13 p. 97–102 [no. 1306]. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 52.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/431.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/431.jpg 432,136,"Rustic Capital","II uel III",101,300,2,119,"Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63955",,"entire fragment shown",,,"Script is an elegant and early type of Rustic capital: **A** occurs with or without the bar; the first stroke of **M** inclines markedly to the right, the last to the left—a sign of antiquity; **P** rises above the line; the two strokes of **V** form a distinct angle.","☛CLA first-edition date (III) changed to follow CLA date in second edition. ☛CLA 4 225. ☛P. Aberdeen 129. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 67.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/432,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/432,"Script is an elegant and early type of Rustic capital: A occurs with or without the bar; the first stroke of M inclines markedly to the right, the last to the left—a sign of antiquity; P rises above the line; the two strokes of V form a distinct angle.
","Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.
","☛CLA first-edition date (III) changed to follow CLA date in second edition. ☛CLA 4 225. ☛P. Aberdeen 129. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 67.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/432.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/432.jpg 433,137,"Mixed Rustic Capital",III,201,300,2,120,"Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63954",,"entire fragment shown",,,"Script is Rustic capital in the transitional stage: **E** and **D** approximate to the uncial forms; the second upright of **H** is short and forms a right angle with the thin cross-stroke.","☛P. Aberdeen 130. ☛Cavenaile CPL 79. ☛Seider, Pal. lat. Pap. II.2, pl. 1. ☛Mallon, L'écriture latine, pl. 53.",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/433,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/433,"Script is Rustic capital in the transitional stage: E and D approximate to the uncial forms; the second upright of H is short and forms a right angle with the thin cross-stroke.
","Origin uncertain. Provenance Egypt.
","☛P. Aberdeen 130. ☛Cavenaile CPL 79. ☛Seider, Pal. lat. Pap. II.2, pl. 1. ☛Mallon, L'écriture latine, pl. 53.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/433.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/433.jpg 434,138,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,121,"Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66225",,"fol. 59 ",,https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/actions/page_turner.do?ms_no=69,"Script is a diluted Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a rather awkward and inexpert scribe: **A** and **S** are regularly majuscule, **R** occasionally. For the last line or lines on each page the scribe drops into Anglo-Saxon minuscule.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX) and origin (Kent) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 57.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/434,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/434,"Script is a diluted Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a rather awkward and inexpert scribe: A and S are regularly majuscule, R occasionally. For the last line or lines on each page the scribe drops into Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX) and origin (Kent) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 57.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/434.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/434.jpg 435,139,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,122,"Written in England, presumably at Canterbury, to judge by ornamental initials. Belonged to St Augustine's Canterbury: fol. 1 has the thirteenth-century press-mark and librarian's entry. Came to Corpus Christi College through the bequest of Archbishop Parker (†1575).",,,,Glossaria.,Parchment,"Corpus Glossary.",,"TM 66226",,"fol. 28 ",,http://parkerweb.stanford.edu/parker/actions/page_turner.do?ms_no=144,"Script is a late but well-formed majuscule verging on minuscule: **A** and **S** are normally majuscule, **Ꝺ** and **R** only occasionally. Minuscule **r** resembles n; **G** in ligature resembles an elongated S. The wen and edth occur in Anglo-Saxon words. Interlinear glosses in contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule, probably by the scribe of the text.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/435,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/435,"Script is a late but well-formed majuscule verging on minuscule: A and S are normally majuscule, Ꝺ and R only occasionally. Minuscule r resembles n; G in ligature resembles an elongated S. The wen and edth occur in Anglo-Saxon words. Interlinear glosses in contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule, probably by the scribe of the text.
","Written in England, presumably at Canterbury, to judge by ornamental initials. Belonged to St Augustine's Canterbury: fol. 1 has the thirteenth-century press-mark and librarian's entry. Came to Corpus Christi College through the bequest of Archbishop Parker (†1575).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/435.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/435.jpg 436,140,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,123,"Written in England, probably in a Kentish centre. Earliest known connexion is with Winchester: the entry FRIĐESTAN is found at the top of fol. 57; this is doubtless Frithestan, Bishop of Winchester (910–31), whose name is marked by a cross in the Chronicle on fol. 20v , where the entry about his episcopacy is distinguished by a red frame. Later at Christ Church, Canterbury (No. 311 in Prior Eastry's catalogue). Belonged to Archbishop Parker (†1575), who bequeathed it to Corpus Christi College.",,,,"Sedulius, Carmen Paschale.",Parchment,,,"TM 66227",,"fol. 74",,,"Script is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **g** in ligature has the form of an elongated S; **e** occasionally has the lower bow reversed and is 8-shaped (see CLA [2.149](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/464), [152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467), [270](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/589)); **t** here and there has the sweeping cross-stroke extending over the preceding letter; the ligature **fi** resembles minuscule ꞅ with a sinuous stroke crossing the top; all of these features are found in London Cotton Cleopatra A. III* (CLA [2.184](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/3)); the **si** ligature resembles the usual fi form; the **st** ligature is common, as in Italian and Continental schools. Anglo-Saxon majuscule, recalling London Egerton 1046, foll. 17–31 (CLA [2.194b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510)), is used for the opening page of the work (fol. 59), the letters **N**, **R**, and **S** having both uncial and minuscule forms. Numerous glosses added: some in Anglo-Saxon scratched in interlineally with a sharp point, others in ordinary minuscule. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. IX inserted the name athelbold on fol. 75.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/436,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/436,"Script is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: g in ligature has the form of an elongated S; e occasionally has the lower bow reversed and is 8-shaped (see CLA 2.149, 152, 270); t here and there has the sweeping cross-stroke extending over the preceding letter; the ligature fi resembles minuscule ꞅ with a sinuous stroke crossing the top; all of these features are found in London Cotton Cleopatra A. III* (CLA 2.184); the si ligature resembles the usual fi form; the st ligature is common, as in Italian and Continental schools. Anglo-Saxon majuscule, recalling London Egerton 1046, foll. 17–31 (CLA 2.194b), is used for the opening page of the work (fol. 59), the letters N, R, and S having both uncial and minuscule forms. Numerous glosses added: some in Anglo-Saxon scratched in interlineally with a sharp point, others in ordinary minuscule. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. IX inserted the name athelbold on fol. 75.
","Written in England, probably in a Kentish centre. Earliest known connexion is with Winchester: the entry FRIĐESTAN is found at the top of fol. 57; this is doubtless Frithestan, Bishop of Winchester (910–31), whose name is marked by a cross in the Chronicle on fol. 20v , where the entry about his episcopacy is distinguished by a red frame. Later at Christ Church, Canterbury (No. 311 in Prior Eastry's catalogue). Belonged to Archbishop Parker (†1575), who bequeathed it to Corpus Christi College.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/436.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/436.jpg 437,141,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,2,124,"Written in the North of France, in a centre where the so-called Corbie a-b type was the normal script.",,,,"Ambrosius, Hexameron.",Parchment,,,"TM 66228",,"fol. 73 ",,,"Script is a typical a-b minuscule with numerous ligatures; suprascript **a** occurs; uncial **A** seems restricted to the line-ends; **ti** ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Some Notae Tironianae. Neumes saec. X or XI on foll. 7v and 170v.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/437,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/437,"Script is a typical a-b minuscule with numerous ligatures; suprascript a occurs; uncial A seems restricted to the line-ends; ti ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Some Notae Tironianae. Neumes saec. X or XI on foll. 7v and 170v.
","Written in the North of France, in a centre where the so-called Corbie a-b type was the normal script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/437.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/437.jpg 438,142,"Insular Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,2,125,"Written probably in Northumbria, certainly in an important English centre familiar with Irish calligraphy. A manuscript de luxe. The Cotton part (Matthew and Mark) was severely damaged by fire in 1731. The two leaves containing Canon-tables in London Royal 7. c. XII (foll. 2–3), CLA [2.217](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/535), may be part of this MS. Tanner supposed it to be the 'Red Book of Eye'.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io, Lc fragm.).",Parchment,"Cambridge-London Gospels. The Northumbrian Gospels.",,"TM 66229",,"fol. 253 ",,,"Script is an expert Insular majuscule by two scribes: one uses uncial **d** and **d**, uncial **G**, **N**, **R**, and **S** (yet **Ꞅ** occurs at line-end or in the last line); his **E** is theta-shaped and is usually conjoint with the next letter, as in Echternach MSS written by Laurentius; the other prefers minuscule **d**, **n**, and uncial **S**, but uses **R** and **r** indifferently; half-uncial **g** in ligature is s-shaped. Corrections occur in small Insular minuscule.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 58.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/438,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/438,"Script is an expert Insular majuscule by two scribes: one uses uncial d and d, uncial G, N, R, and S (yet Ꞅ occurs at line-end or in the last line); his E is theta-shaped and is usually conjoint with the next letter, as in Echternach MSS written by Laurentius; the other prefers minuscule d, n, and uncial S, but uses R and r indifferently; half-uncial g in ligature is s-shaped. Corrections occur in small Insular minuscule.
","Written probably in Northumbria, certainly in an important English centre familiar with Irish calligraphy. A manuscript de luxe. The Cotton part (Matthew and Mark) was severely damaged by fire in 1731. The two leaves containing Canon-tables in London Royal 7. c. XII (foll. 2–3), CLA 2.217, may be part of this MS. Tanner supposed it to be the 'Red Book of Eye'.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 58.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/438.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/438.jpg 439,143,Uncial,VI,501,600,2,126,"Written in Italy. The gospel text is closely akin to that of the Codex Oxoniensis (CLA [2.230](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/253)). Probably brought to England by the early missionaries sent from Rome. Was certainly in England by the end of the seventh or the early eighth century, as corrections show. At Canterbury at latest in the eleventh century. Presented to Corpus Christi College by Archbishop Parker (†1575).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Gospels of St Augustine. (X)",,"TM 66230",,"fol. 45v ",,https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/actions/page_turner.do?ms_no=286,"Script is a well-formed natural uncial, not of the oldest type; occasionally the upper part of **D** is stem-like; the base of **L** ends in a hair-line. Noteworthy are the tiny monograms used by the scribe for the evangelists in the margins marking the parallel passages. Numerous corrections in English uncial saec. VIII and in early Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A blank page (fol. 77v) is used for copying an Anglo-Saxon document saec. XI relating to Canterbury.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 3. ☛Gamber, CLLA 404.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/439,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/439,"Script is a well-formed natural uncial, not of the oldest type; occasionally the upper part of D is stem-like; the base of L ends in a hair-line. Noteworthy are the tiny monograms used by the scribe for the evangelists in the margins marking the parallel passages. Numerous corrections in English uncial saec. VIII and in early Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A blank page (fol. 77v) is used for copying an Anglo-Saxon document saec. XI relating to Canterbury.
","Written in Italy. The gospel text is closely akin to that of the Codex Oxoniensis (CLA 2.230). Probably brought to England by the early missionaries sent from Rome. Was certainly in England by the end of the seventh or the early eighth century, as corrections show. At Canterbury at latest in the eleventh century. Presented to Corpus Christi College by Archbishop Parker (†1575).
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 3. ☛Gamber, CLLA 404.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/439.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/439.jpg 440,144,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,2,127,"Written probably in Italy. Despite the Spanish symptoms, the forms of M, N, and top-heavy S speak strongly for an Italian origin. Was certainly in England by the eleventh century, as evidenced by the marginal entries. At Christ Church, Canterbury, by the twelfth century; doubtless to be identified with the 'Iuvencus in Romana scriptura' of the twelfth-century catalogue.",,,,"Iuvencus, Opus Incertum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66231",,"fol. 36v ",,https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/actions/page_turner.do?ms_no=304,"Script is a bold and expert uncial characterized by artificial hair-lines at the end of down-strokes; certain strokes in uncial **E**, **F**, **L**, **N**, **T**, **X** have a fine curving finial; uncial **M** is squat and the second bow begins with a straight hair-line; **X** has a rather shrunken form; the body of **Z** is compressed and raised, the first horizontal begins with a tiny horn, and the second is a sinuous oblique swing; **FF** and **LL** run together. Each verse begins with a characteristic, thickly shaded, uncoloured capital, some having the same curious features as letters in the text: these capitals bear a striking resemblance to those found in the uncial script of the Munich palimpsest MS Lat. 19105 from Tegernsee containing Libri Sapientiales, and in the Juvencus palimpsest Vatic. Lat. 5759 (CLA [1.37](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/45)); the Munich MS also shows unmistakable Spanish symptoms. There is also some palaeographical kinship with Paris Lat. 1732, Ambrosius De Officiis, saec. VIII¹. Glosses in ordinary minuscule saec. X written probably in England, and marginal notes in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. X or XI.","☛CLA first-edition origin (Spain 'as suggested by ornamentation, abbreviation-stroke, Isidore verses, and the palaeographical kinship with Munich Lat. 19105', or France,' in a centre with Spanish traditions.') changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/440,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/440,"Script is a bold and expert uncial characterized by artificial hair-lines at the end of down-strokes; certain strokes in uncial E, F, L, N, T, X have a fine curving finial; uncial M is squat and the second bow begins with a straight hair-line; X has a rather shrunken form; the body of Z is compressed and raised, the first horizontal begins with a tiny horn, and the second is a sinuous oblique swing; FF and LL run together. Each verse begins with a characteristic, thickly shaded, uncoloured capital, some having the same curious features as letters in the text: these capitals bear a striking resemblance to those found in the uncial script of the Munich palimpsest MS Lat. 19105 from Tegernsee containing Libri Sapientiales, and in the Juvencus palimpsest Vatic. Lat. 5759 (CLA 1.37); the Munich MS also shows unmistakable Spanish symptoms. There is also some palaeographical kinship with Paris Lat. 1732, Ambrosius De Officiis, saec. VIII¹. Glosses in ordinary minuscule saec. X written probably in England, and marginal notes in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. X or XI.
","Written probably in Italy. Despite the Spanish symptoms, the forms of M, N, and top-heavy S speak strongly for an Italian origin. Was certainly in England by the eleventh century, as evidenced by the marginal entries. At Christ Church, Canterbury, by the twelfth century; doubtless to be identified with the 'Iuvencus in Romana scriptura' of the twelfth-century catalogue.
","☛CLA first-edition origin (Spain 'as suggested by ornamentation, abbreviation-stroke, Isidore verses, and the palaeographical kinship with Munich Lat. 19105', or France,' in a centre with Spanish traditions.') changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/440.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/440.jpg 441,145,"a-z Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,128,"Written in North France, probably in the Laon area. The entry in the margin of fol. 97v (Fortunatus scripsit istum librum orate pro illum) in crude capitals and minuscule, difficult to date, is of interest since some letters are Insular.",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae in Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66232",,"foll. 1 and 97v",,https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/actions/page_turner.do?ms_no=334,"Script is a distinct French type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a few MSS from Laon and called a-z from its distinguishing letters; **a** has the peculiarity that its two bows are angular, and **z** rises high above the line in the form of a fool's cap; uncial **a** occurs even in mid-line and has a characteristic pendant bow; suprascript **u** after **q** combines with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; the ligature **ti** invariably represents the hard sound of t, the normal **ti** the assibilated sound (ratione); **x** resembles cx; there are numerous ligatures.",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/441,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441,"Script is a distinct French type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a few MSS from Laon and called a-z from its distinguishing letters; a has the peculiarity that its two bows are angular, and z rises high above the line in the form of a fool's cap; uncial a occurs even in mid-line and has a characteristic pendant bow; suprascript u after q combines with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; the ligature ti invariably represents the hard sound of t, the normal ti the assibilated sound (ratione); x resembles cx; there are numerous ligatures.
","Written in North France, probably in the Laon area. The entry in the margin of fol. 97v (Fortunatus scripsit istum librum orate pro illum) in crude capitals and minuscule, difficult to date, is of interest since some letters are Insular.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/441.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/441.jpg 442,146,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,129,"Written in England. The fragment formed the back fly-leaf of Gonville and Caius MS 153 (203), which contains a metrical version Ælred of Rievaulx's prose life of Edward the Confessor, saec. XII–XIII.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae Minores (Abd 1.16–21, Ion 1.5–11).",Parchment,,,"TM 66233",,"from the recto",,,"Script is a bold well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/442,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/442,"Script is a bold well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in England. The fragment formed the back fly-leaf of Gonville and Caius MS 153 (203), which contains a metrical version Ælred of Rievaulx's prose life of Edward the Confessor, saec. XII–XIII.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/442.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/442.jpg 443,147,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,2,130,"Written at Chelles near Paris. The MS of which this leaf formed a part belongs to a group connected with North-East France (see CLA [2.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)). In the upper margin of the recto of our leaf is the entry CCLXXXIII (saec. XII–XIII)—probably an early shelf-mark of MS Gonville and Caius 153 (203), containing a metrical version of Ælred of Rievaulx's Life of Edward the Confessor, saec. XII–XIII.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66234",,"from the recto ",,,"Script is a rather ornate, carefully made uncial of a distinct type: the typical letter is **N** with the second upright leaning to the left; descenders are made by a special hair-line; the top of **b** is stem-like; **X** is high-waisted; **Y** is dotted.","☛CLA first-edition origin (Written in France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 217.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/443,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/443,"Script is a rather ornate, carefully made uncial of a distinct type: the typical letter is N with the second upright leaning to the left; descenders are made by a special hair-line; the top of b is stem-like; X is high-waisted; Y is dotted.
","Written at Chelles near Paris. The MS of which this leaf formed a part belongs to a group connected with North-East France (see CLA 2.105). In the upper margin of the recto of our leaf is the entry CCLXXXIII (saec. XII–XIII)—probably an early shelf-mark of MS Gonville and Caius 153 (203), containing a metrical version of Ælred of Rievaulx's Life of Edward the Confessor, saec. XII–XIII.
","☛CLA first-edition origin (Written in France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 217.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/443.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/443.jpg 444,148,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,2,131,"Written probably at Amiens, doubtless in the same scriptorium as the MS of Hieronymus Bamberg B.v.13, written for Jesse, bishop of Amiens from 799. To the same school belongs the glossary MS Leiden Voss. F. 26.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (3.41–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 66235",,"upper half of the page shown",,,"Script is a sloping somewhat roundish developed minuscule; uncial **Ꝺ** and **N** are used as well as the minuscule forms. The words immediately after a chapter-heading are sometimes in half-uncial.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 827.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/444,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/444,"Script is a sloping somewhat roundish developed minuscule; uncial Ꝺ and N are used as well as the minuscule forms. The words immediately after a chapter-heading are sometimes in half-uncial.
","Written probably at Amiens, doubtless in the same scriptorium as the MS of Hieronymus Bamberg B.v.13, written for Jesse, bishop of Amiens from 799. To the same school belongs the glossary MS Leiden Voss. F. 26.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 827.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/444.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/444.jpg 445,149,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,132,"Written probably in England, in a centre under Irish influence. The Cambridge leaf was a specimen in Pepys's 'Calligraphical collection', the London leaf is from a scrap-book of fragments gathered by the shoemaker and antiquary John Bagford (1650–1716), Pepys's contemporary.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 10.21–22, 29–30; 10.39–11.5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66236",,"lower half of the Cambridge leaf",,,"Script is a rather heavy and bold Insular majuscule with **R** and **S** mostly uncial, **d** and **n** regularly in the minuscule form.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 4.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/445,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/445,"Script is a rather heavy and bold Insular majuscule with R and S mostly uncial, d and n regularly in the minuscule form.
","Written probably in England, in a centre under Irish influence. The Cambridge leaf was a specimen in Pepys's 'Calligraphical collection', the London leaf is from a scrap-book of fragments gathered by the shoemaker and antiquary John Bagford (1650–1716), Pepys's contemporary.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/445.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/445.jpg 446,150,"Insular Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,133,"Written in England, probably by an Irish scribe. The old tradition 'de manu Bedae' (†735) is not acceptable, though the date suggested thereby is quite likely. Was at Durham by 1391 (registered in the ancient catalogue of that year). The main MS was presented by Neville (†1615) to Trinity College; the cover bears his arms.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 66237",,"fol. 20 ",,,"Script is heavy and somewhat awkward: **ꝺ** has regularly the uncial form; **Ᵹ** occasionally has the form of an elongated **s** (even though not in ligature); ligatures with subscript **i** and **o** are frequent; ligatured **st** is the rule; **y** has the typically Insular form with both branches curving to the right; **z** plunges below the line. Numerous interlinear glosses and marginalia by contemporary and somewhat later Anglo-Saxon hands. The elaborate system of points employed as reference-signs recalls Irish habits.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/446,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/446,"Script is heavy and somewhat awkward: ꝺ has regularly the uncial form; Ᵹ occasionally has the form of an elongated s (even though not in ligature); ligatures with subscript i and o are frequent; ligatured st is the rule; y has the typically Insular form with both branches curving to the right; z plunges below the line. Numerous interlinear glosses and marginalia by contemporary and somewhat later Anglo-Saxon hands. The elaborate system of points employed as reference-signs recalls Irish habits.
","Written in England, probably by an Irish scribe. The old tradition 'de manu Bedae' (†735) is not acceptable, though the date suggested thereby is quite likely. Was at Durham by 1391 (registered in the ancient catalogue of that year). The main MS was presented by Neville (†1615) to Trinity College; the cover bears his arms.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/446.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/446.jpg 447,151,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,2,134,"Origin uncertain. Presumably written in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.457–467, 467, 495–507).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62960",,"recto and verso of the entire fragment ",,,"Script is a mixed type of half-uncial with numerous uncial elements: **d**, **m**, and **r** have invariably the half-uncial form (**b** does not occur in the fragment, but the probability is that it was half-uncial); **A**, **G**, and **S** have the uncial form; **L** often descends below the line and sweeps beneath the following letter; the upright of **r** goes well below the line.","☛CLA second-edition date (IV) changed to follow first edition and Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 7. ☛P. Oxy. 1 31. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 10. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 49 pl. XXVII.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/447,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/447,"Script is a mixed type of half-uncial with numerous uncial elements: d, m, and r have invariably the half-uncial form (b does not occur in the fragment, but the probability is that it was half-uncial); A, G, and S have the uncial form; L often descends below the line and sweeps beneath the following letter; the upright of r goes well below the line.
","Origin uncertain. Presumably written in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛CLA second-edition date (IV) changed to follow first edition and Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 7. ☛P. Oxy. 1 31. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 10. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 49 pl. XXVII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/447.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/447.jpg 448,152,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,135,"Written probably on the Continent, in a Germanic centre with South English connections. Was cut up and used to strengthen a binding made in Germany saec. XVI or XVII, to judge by the characteristic pattern of X surmounted by X, and the curious green wash, two features encountered in numerous German bindings of that period. The cover bears the book-plate of E. Kroencke. Presented to the University Library by Miss C. M. Ridding, 26 January, 1904.",,,,"Aldhelmus, De Laude Virginitatis (36–7, 40).",Parchment,,,"TM 66238",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a striking and expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with **ꝺ** regularly uncial, **n** mostly minuscule, the uncial form being remarkable for its broad curving second stroke which bends upward above the base line; **r** and **ꞅ** are minuscule and go well below the line; **e** is theta-shaped with the hasta very low; **g** is like an elongated numeral 3; the oblique stroke of **z** plunges boldly below the line.","☛R. Rushworth, 'A Cambridge fragment of Aldhelm' Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society 11 (1999) 449–62.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/448,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/448,"Script is a striking and expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with ꝺ regularly uncial, n mostly minuscule, the uncial form being remarkable for its broad curving second stroke which bends upward above the base line; r and ꞅ are minuscule and go well below the line; e is theta-shaped with the hasta very low; g is like an elongated numeral 3; the oblique stroke of z plunges boldly below the line.
","Written probably on the Continent, in a Germanic centre with South English connections. Was cut up and used to strengthen a binding made in Germany saec. XVI or XVII, to judge by the characteristic pattern of X surmounted by X, and the curious green wash, two features encountered in numerous German bindings of that period. The cover bears the book-plate of E. Kroencke. Presented to the University Library by Miss C. M. Ridding, 26 January, 1904.
","☛R. Rushworth, 'A Cambridge fragment of Aldhelm' Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society 11 (1999) 449–62.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/448.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/448.jpg 449,153,Uncial,VI,501,600,2,136,"Origin uncertain. Found in the Cairo Genizah.",0,,,"Augustinus, De Sermone Domini In Monte (2–Fin.), Sermones (118, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 59328",,"two strips of the verso of fragment c",,http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/Taylor-Schechter/fotm/may-2007/,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial recalling sixth-century Italian MSS: the tongue of uncial **E** is high; **N** is broad; the small upper curve of **C**, uncial **E**, uncial **G**, and **S** has a forked finial.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 55.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/449,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/449,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial recalling sixth-century Italian MSS: the tongue of uncial E is high; N is broad; the small upper curve of C, uncial E, uncial G, and S has a forked finial.
","Origin uncertain. Found in the Cairo Genizah.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 55.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/449.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/449.jpg 450,154,"B-R Uncial",V,401,500,2,137,"Origin uncertain; but script points to some centre in the Eastern part of the Roman empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (4.661–705, 5.1–6), Graece.",Parchment,,,"TM 62970",,"whole verso shown",,,"Script is a not very expert uncial of a type recalling the Florentine Digests and legal fragments found in Egypt: **B** rises above the line; the upright of **R** extends below the line and the bow comes down to the base line; the letters uncial **A**, uncial **E**, **O**, **N**, and **P** follow the Greek rather than the Latin norm.","☛CLA first-edition date (VI) and script (Uncial) changed to follow second edition. ☛P. Oxy. 8 1099. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 5. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 19 (date V ex). ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 57 pl. XXXII.",,,,11,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/450,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/450,"Script is a not very expert uncial of a type recalling the Florentine Digests and legal fragments found in Egypt: B rises above the line; the upright of R extends below the line and the bow comes down to the base line; the letters uncial A, uncial E, O, N, and P follow the Greek rather than the Latin norm.
","Origin uncertain; but script points to some centre in the Eastern part of the Roman empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VI) and script (Uncial) changed to follow second edition. ☛P. Oxy. 8 1099. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 5. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 19 (date V ex). ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 57 pl. XXXII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/450.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/450.jpg 451,155,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,138,"Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the resemblance between the compressed script of this MS and the script of the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467)). The Cottonian fragment was doubtless preserved for the sake of the Anglo-Saxon document saec. X entered in the blank space at the end of John; the document relates to Exeter. The Sloane fragment formerly belonged to John Bagford, the antiquary (1650–1716).",,,,"Testamentum Novum. Evangelia (Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66239",,"from the Cambridge MS., foll. 151v and 186v",,http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=15071,"Script is a handsome, well-developed broad Anglo-Saxon majuscule (the compressed script used in the prologue and capitula on foll. 186v–187v and in corrections on fol. 154 and elsewhere is probably by the same hand: **N**, **R**, and **S** are normally uncial, **d** is normally half-uncial; in the compressed script uncial **A** occurs even in mid-line, and the angular bow descends sharply below the line and ends in a thick point; the Insular form of **Y** with both branches curving to the right occurs. Liturgical lection-marks in the Passion are added by a later Anglo-Saxon hand: **l** denotes the words of Christ, **c** the narrator's.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 5.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/451,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/451,"Script is a handsome, well-developed broad Anglo-Saxon majuscule (the compressed script used in the prologue and capitula on foll. 186v–187v and in corrections on fol. 154 and elsewhere is probably by the same hand: N, R, and S are normally uncial, d is normally half-uncial; in the compressed script uncial A occurs even in mid-line, and the angular bow descends sharply below the line and ends in a thick point; the Insular form of Y with both branches curving to the right occurs. Liturgical lection-marks in the Passion are added by a later Anglo-Saxon hand: l denotes the words of Christ, c the narrator's.
","Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the resemblance between the compressed script of this MS and the script of the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA 2.152). The Cottonian fragment was doubtless preserved for the sake of the Anglo-Saxon document saec. X entered in the blank space at the end of John; the document relates to Exeter. The Sloane fragment formerly belonged to John Bagford, the antiquary (1650–1716).
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/451.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/451.jpg 452,156,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII (ca. 737)",701,800,2,139,"Written presumably in the North of England or possibly in a Continental centre with Northumbrian connections. The list of Northumbrian kings on the last page goes down to Ceolwulf, who died in 737, and the other chronological entries refer to the same period. The addition in Caroline minuscule on that page seems North French. In the seventeenth century the MS belonged to the cathedral of St Julian, Le Mans (fol. 128v); later to J. B. Hautin, who sold it to John Moore, Bishop of Ely (†1714). The bishop's library was acquired by George I, who presented this MS to Cambridge in 1715.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.",Parchment,"Moore Bede.",,"TM 66240",,"fol. 70v ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of an early type with various cursive elements, yet not uncalligraphic: **a** is rather broad, **ꝺ** is regularly uncial, the bow of **p** is open and ends in a short thickening; descenders are rather pointed; subscript **a**, **i**, and **o** are frequent at line-ends; ligatures are freely used. A corrector saec. IX or X expands unfamiliar Insular abbreviations. Notae tironianae on foll. 17v , 20v, etc.","☛B. Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 160–161.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/452,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/452,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of an early type with various cursive elements, yet not uncalligraphic: a is rather broad, ꝺ is regularly uncial, the bow of p is open and ends in a short thickening; descenders are rather pointed; subscript a, i, and o are frequent at line-ends; ligatures are freely used. A corrector saec. IX or X expands unfamiliar Insular abbreviations. Notae tironianae on foll. 17v , 20v, etc.
","Written presumably in the North of England or possibly in a Continental centre with Northumbrian connections. The list of Northumbrian kings on the last page goes down to Ceolwulf, who died in 737, and the other chronological entries refer to the same period. The addition in Caroline minuscule on that page seems North French. In the seventeenth century the MS belonged to the cathedral of St Julian, Le Mans (fol. 128v); later to J. B. Hautin, who sold it to John Moore, Bishop of Ely (†1714). The bishop's library was acquired by George I, who presented this MS to Cambridge in 1715.
","☛B. Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 160–161.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/452.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/452.jpg 453,157,"b-d Uncial","V in",401,425,2,140,"Origin uncertain and much disputed: Southern France, South Italy, also Egypt, have been suggested. The MS has a provincial look and can hardly be a product of a great centre of calligraphy. The first fairly certain fact is that it was used at Lyon in the ninth century by Ado and Florus. It was from the loot of the Lyon church of St Irenaeus in 1562 that Theodore Beza (1519–1605) acquired it. He presented it to the University of Cambridge in 1581.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io); Actus Apostolorum Graeco-Latine.",Parchment,"Codex Bezae. (d)",,"TM 61777",,"fol. 60 ",,http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-NN-00002-00041/1,"Script is a definite type of uncial in which **b** and **d** regularly have the half-uncial form. The scribe is not expert; he writes the Latin in the Greek manner, but his Greek, too, is peculiar and unlike usual Oriental uncial. Many annotations and corrections, mostly in the Greek; one of the earliest Latin correctors (G) is seen in the CLA plate. The restored pages are probably by Florus of Lyon. The MS was used liturgically from early times.","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛D. C. Parker, Codex Bezae. An Early Christian Manuscript and its Text (Cambridge 1991).",,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/453,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/453,"Script is a definite type of uncial in which b and d regularly have the half-uncial form. The scribe is not expert; he writes the Latin in the Greek manner, but his Greek, too, is peculiar and unlike usual Oriental uncial. Many annotations and corrections, mostly in the Greek; one of the earliest Latin correctors (G) is seen in the CLA plate. The restored pages are probably by Florus of Lyon. The MS was used liturgically from early times.
","Origin uncertain and much disputed: Southern France, South Italy, also Egypt, have been suggested. The MS has a provincial look and can hardly be a product of a great centre of calligraphy. The first fairly certain fact is that it was used at Lyon in the ninth century by Ado and Florus. It was from the loot of the Lyon church of St Irenaeus in 1562 that Theodore Beza (1519–1605) acquired it. He presented it to the University of Cambridge in 1581.
","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛D. C. Parker, Codex Bezae. An Early Christian Manuscript and its Text (Cambridge 1991).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/453.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/453.jpg 454,158,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,2,141,"Origin uncertain. The MS may have been written either in Italy or in France.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 10–11; Mc 11, 13–14; Lc 12–13; Io 6, 8–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 66241",,"page 7",,,"Script is a well-developed natural uncial; the scribe often fails to join the strokes; **Y** is short and dotted. At line-ends minuscule elements occur here and there. For further details see also CLA [7.**141](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1257).","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 115. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1329 (p. 1–10). ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 203.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/454,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/454,"Script is a well-developed natural uncial; the scribe often fails to join the strokes; Y is short and dotted. At line-ends minuscule elements occur here and there. For further details see also CLA 7.**141.
","Origin uncertain. The MS may have been written either in Italy or in France.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 115. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1329 (p. 1–10). ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 203.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/454.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/454.jpg 455,159,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,2,142,"Written probably in North Italy.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc 15.46–16.20).",Parchment,,,"TM 66242",,"page 11",,,"Script is a striking but artificial late uncial; there is marked contrast between the thick and thin strokes; descenders taper off to a hair-line; the bow of uncial **A** has a peculiar triangular form; the shaded cross-stroke of **X** is suspended above the line.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Phillipps Collection 1329 (p. 11–14).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/455,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/455,"Script is a striking but artificial late uncial; there is marked contrast between the thick and thin strokes; descenders taper off to a hair-line; the bow of uncial A has a peculiar triangular form; the shaded cross-stroke of X is suspended above the line.
","Written probably in North Italy.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Phillipps Collection 1329 (p. 11–14).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/455.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/455.jpg 456,160,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,143,"Origin uncertain. The MS doubtless came from some Continental centre under Insular influence. ",0,,,"Canones Conciliorum et Decreta Pontificum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66243",,"foll. 43 and 65v",,,"Written by three different scribes (foll. 1–2; 2–60v; 61–94v); the first hand uses both half-uncial and minuscule **f**; the second shows distinct dependence upon Insular majuscule; the third is more cursive and is manifestly influenced by Insular minuscule.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Phillipps Collection 17489. ☛Bischoff argues for origin in Italy in Mittelalterliche Studien 3 p. 33 n. 139.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/456,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/456,"Written by three different scribes (foll. 1–2; 2–60v; 61–94v); the first hand uses both half-uncial and minuscule f; the second shows distinct dependence upon Insular majuscule; the third is more cursive and is manifestly influenced by Insular minuscule.
","Origin uncertain. The MS doubtless came from some Continental centre under Insular influence.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Phillipps Collection 17489. ☛Bischoff argues for origin in Italy in Mittelalterliche Studien 3 p. 33 n. 139.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/456.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/456.jpg 457,161,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,144,"Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. Some of the Munich leaves are known to come from fifteenth-century bindings of volumes from the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, which is doubtless true of all the rest. The Cheltenham leaves were sold by Libri in 1859.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1, 11, fragm.), Interrogationes et Responsiones (fragm.); Arnobius Iunior, Opus Incertum(?), Expositio in Evangelia, Computus; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66244",,"Image shows Cheltenham 20688, fol. 1v, complete",,http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL.HOUGH:1124603,"Script is a very curious debased type of Irish majuscule difficult to date; perhaps its nearest likeness may be seen in the lemmata in Oxford Laud Misc. 460 (Gregorius in Iob, in Irish script saec. XI): D (with long and almost vertical top-stroke), **R** and **S** are usually uncial, **n** is regularly minuscule (the curious form of **R** could be mistaken for n). One Munich leaf is in Insular minuscule and shows Continental influence.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 29051 b. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 257 (Clm 29051b). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 pp. 289-290 no. 3458",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/457,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/457,"Script is a very curious debased type of Irish majuscule difficult to date; perhaps its nearest likeness may be seen in the lemmata in Oxford Laud Misc. 460 (Gregorius in Iob, in Irish script saec. XI): D (with long and almost vertical top-stroke), R and S are usually uncial, n is regularly minuscule (the curious form of R could be mistaken for n). One Munich leaf is in Insular minuscule and shows Continental influence.
","Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. Some of the Munich leaves are known to come from fifteenth-century bindings of volumes from the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, which is doubtless true of all the rest. The Cheltenham leaves were sold by Libri in 1859.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 29051 b. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 257 (Clm 29051b). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 pp. 289-290 no. 3458
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/457.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/457.jpg 458,162,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,2,145,"Written probably in Italy.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 15.18–20, 16.5–6, 21.36, 22.51).",Parchment,,,"TM 66245",,"recto and verso of the entire fragment ",,,"Script is a graceful, expert uncial: **B** is made in five strokes, often disjointed; the third stroke of **N** is comma-like; the bow of **R** is low, almost reaching the base-line.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 22229 (fol. 1). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 8. ☛S. Bertelli, Studi Medievali 3e s. 48 (2007), p. 381–407.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/458,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/458,"Script is a graceful, expert uncial: B is made in five strokes, often disjointed; the third stroke of N is comma-like; the bow of R is low, almost reaching the base-line.
","Written probably in Italy.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 22229 (fol. 1). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 8. ☛S. Bertelli, Studi Medievali 3e s. 48 (2007), p. 381–407.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/458.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/458.jpg 459,163,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,146,"Written probably in the Anglo-Saxon centre of Fulda. The MS was copied from a Visigothic exemplar, fragments of which survive at Kassel and Marburg (CLA [12.1785](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2091)). Formerly belonged to Libri's collection.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (Ad Heliodorum, Ep. 60.14–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66246",,"lower half of the recto shown ",,http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL.HOUGH:3429164,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: characteristic is the **g** resembling an elongated 3; **d** has both the uncial and the minuscule form; descenders go well below the line; the shafts of tall letters are often club-shaped, a sign of Continental influence.","☛CLA first-edition origin (a German centre with South English connections) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 30499. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36185. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 850.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/459,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/459,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: characteristic is the g resembling an elongated 3; d has both the uncial and the minuscule form; descenders go well below the line; the shafts of tall letters are often club-shaped, a sign of Continental influence.
","Written probably in the Anglo-Saxon centre of Fulda. The MS was copied from a Visigothic exemplar, fragments of which survive at Kassel and Marburg (CLA 12.1785). Formerly belonged to Libri's collection.
","☛CLA first-edition origin (a German centre with South English connections) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 30499. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36185. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 850.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/459.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/459.jpg 460,164,"Insular Majuscule","VII med",626,675,2,147,"Written presumably in Northumbria, by a scribe trained in the pure Irish tradition. The text is of the Irish family and has striking affinities with Codex E of the Gospels (London, Egerton 609, saec. IX in.), copied from an Insular exemplar.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 14–18, 22–25, 27–28; Mc 1–6, 8–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 66247",,"MS. A. 11. 10, fol. 2",,,"Script is a late example of Insular majuscule verging on minuscule with a distinct Irish flavour; **d**, **n**, **r**, **s** have both the uncial and minuscule form; **h** often has the shaft bending far to the left; both branches of **y** are curved to the right and the stem turns to the left; **z** sweeps below the line and the last stroke is an upward curl; uncial **A**, occurs; a three-arched **M** standing on its side occurs at line-ends (as in CLA [2.187](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502) and [274](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/593), etc.); suprascript **u** resembles an oblique shallow **s**.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 9. ",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/460,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/460,"Script is a late example of Insular majuscule verging on minuscule with a distinct Irish flavour; d, n, r, s have both the uncial and minuscule form; h often has the shaft bending far to the left; both branches of y are curved to the right and the stem turns to the left; z sweeps below the line and the last stroke is an upward curl; uncial A, occurs; a three-arched M standing on its side occurs at line-ends (as in CLA 2.187 and 274, etc.); suprascript u resembles an oblique shallow s.
","Written presumably in Northumbria, by a scribe trained in the pure Irish tradition. The text is of the Irish family and has striking affinities with Codex E of the Gospels (London, Egerton 609, saec. IX in.), copied from an Insular exemplar.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 9.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/460.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/460.jpg 461,165,Uncial,VIII,701,800,2,148a,"Written presumably in Northumbria. This part and the part in Insular majuscule described in the next item complete each other and contain the first three gospels; they have the same type of text, viz. that of the Irish family with affinity to the Echternach Gospels (Paris Lat. 9389), whereas the fourth gospel (see CLA [2.148c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/463)) is of the Amiatinus family. The MS has been identified with the entry 'Quattuor Evangelia de manu Bedae' in the Durham catalogue of 1391. Documents on fol. 60v and a Papal bull on fol. 101v concern Durham.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 2–22, Mc, Lc 1.57–16.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66248",,"fol. 34v",,,"Script is a late, somewhat artificial, not very expert uncial; the tail of **G** ends in a shaded triangle; short down-strokes have here and there the triangular form, the constant feature of Anglo-Saxon calligraphy. Some marginalia and lection-notes in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 10.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/461,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/461,"Script is a late, somewhat artificial, not very expert uncial; the tail of G ends in a shaded triangle; short down-strokes have here and there the triangular form, the constant feature of Anglo-Saxon calligraphy. Some marginalia and lection-notes in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written presumably in Northumbria. This part and the part in Insular majuscule described in the next item complete each other and contain the first three gospels; they have the same type of text, viz. that of the Irish family with affinity to the Echternach Gospels (Paris Lat. 9389), whereas the fourth gospel (see CLA 2.148c) is of the Amiatinus family. The MS has been identified with the entry 'Quattuor Evangelia de manu Bedae' in the Durham catalogue of 1391. Documents on fol. 60v and a Papal bull on fol. 101v concern Durham.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/461.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/461.jpg 462,166,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,148b,"Written presumably in Northumbria by a scribe schooled in the Irish manner. This part and the preceding in uncial complete each other and have a homogeneous type of text. The MS has been used liturgically; in chanting the Passion the letter L marks the beginning of the words of Christ and C the narrator's.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 23.3–28.14, Lc 16.15–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66249",,"fol. 29v ",,,"Script is a bold, but not very graceful, Insular majuscule with a strong Irish flavour: **R** and **S** are mostly uncial, **ꝺ** only occasionally; **n** invariably minuscule; **Ᵹ** in combination with following **n** or **R** has an S-like form; the two branches of **y** bend characteristically to the right; **z** makes a prodigious descent below the line. Lection marks are in fine Insular minuscule in which the curious **e** with the reversed lower bow occurs (see CLA [2.123](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/436)).","☛Gneuss no. 219. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 11.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/462,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/462,"Script is a bold, but not very graceful, Insular majuscule with a strong Irish flavour: R and S are mostly uncial, ꝺ only occasionally; n invariably minuscule; Ᵹ in combination with following n or R has an S-like form; the two branches of y bend characteristically to the right; z makes a prodigious descent below the line. Lection marks are in fine Insular minuscule in which the curious e with the reversed lower bow occurs (see CLA 2.123).
","Written presumably in Northumbria by a scribe schooled in the Irish manner. This part and the preceding in uncial complete each other and have a homogeneous type of text. The MS has been used liturgically; in chanting the Passion the letter L marks the beginning of the words of Christ and C the narrator's.
","☛Gneuss no. 219. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 11.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/462.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/462.jpg 463,167,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,148c,"Written in Northumbria, manifestly completing an earlier MS of the first three Gospels (see preceding items). The text is a representative of the Amiatinus group. The MS has been used liturgically; in chanting the Passion the letter L marks the beginning of the words of Christ and C the narrator's.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io 1.27–15.10, 16.33–21.81).",Parchment,,,"TM 66250",,"fol. 133",,,"Script is expert, somewhat artificial majuscule; **d** has normally the minuscule form, **N**, **R**, **S** the uncial; **L** occasionally sweeps below the line and encloses a following **O**; the form of **Y** is noteworthy; **Z** descends well below the line; **i**-longa is used occasionally.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 12.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/463,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/463,"Script is expert, somewhat artificial majuscule; d has normally the minuscule form, N, R, S the uncial; L occasionally sweeps below the line and encloses a following O; the form of Y is noteworthy; Z descends well below the line; i-longa is used occasionally.
","Written in Northumbria, manifestly completing an earlier MS of the first three Gospels (see preceding items). The text is a representative of the Amiatinus group. The MS has been used liturgically; in chanting the Passion the letter L marks the beginning of the words of Christ and C the narrator's.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 12.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/463.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/463.jpg 464,168,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,149,"Written probably in Northumbria, in a great centre of calligraphy in the direct line of Irish tradition, or else in Ireland itself. Its text is not Northumbrian but Irish. Was at Chester-le-Street in the tenth century. An obscure entry of about the year 929 on fol. 31v mentions Sitric, Athelstan, and Constantine; the entries on foll. 80, 80v, and 106 referring to Boge the Priest and Aldred the Bishop (957–68) prove that both parts of the MS were already bound together by the tenth century and must have been at Chester-le-Street by that time.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 25.35–fin., Mc, Lc 1–8, 12–22, Io 1–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 66253",,"fol. 66 ",,,"Script is a bold and very expert Insular majuscule; both uncial and minuscule forms of **D**, **N**, **R**, **S** used, but **ꝺ**, **N**, **r**, **S** prevail; uncial **A** and **G** occur; at line-ends a triple-arched form of **M** placed sideways is found occasionally; **g** in ligature with **n** and **r** has the elongated S-like form; ligatures with subscript **i** and **o** occur. At line-ends **t** in ligature is indicated by a simple horizontal joined to the top of preceding **A** or **N**, as in CLA [2.187](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502). Frequently the last line of a page is in a bold, rather bizarre minuscule script. Cursive **e** with reversed lower bow occurs in running titles (see CLA [2.123](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/436)). Some neumes on fol. 74v.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII–VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 13.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/464,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/464,"Script is a bold and very expert Insular majuscule; both uncial and minuscule forms of D, N, R, S used, but ꝺ, N, r, S prevail; uncial A and G occur; at line-ends a triple-arched form of M placed sideways is found occasionally; g in ligature with n and r has the elongated S-like form; ligatures with subscript i and o occur. At line-ends t in ligature is indicated by a simple horizontal joined to the top of preceding A or N, as in CLA 2.187. Frequently the last line of a page is in a bold, rather bizarre minuscule script. Cursive e with reversed lower bow occurs in running titles (see CLA 2.123). Some neumes on fol. 74v.
","Written probably in Northumbria, in a great centre of calligraphy in the direct line of Irish tradition, or else in Ireland itself. Its text is not Northumbrian but Irish. Was at Chester-le-Street in the tenth century. An obscure entry of about the year 929 on fol. 31v mentions Sitric, Athelstan, and Constantine; the entries on foll. 80, 80v, and 106 referring to Boge the Priest and Aldred the Bishop (957–68) prove that both parts of the MS were already bound together by the tenth century and must have been at Chester-le-Street by that time.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII–VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 13.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/464.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/464.jpg 465,169,Uncial,"VII ex–VIII in",690,716,2,150,"Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, in the centre which produced the Codex Amiatinus, during the abbacy of Ceolfrid (690–716). Bound up with the part in Insular writing (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/464)) at least as early as the tenth century, since the hand which wrote, on fol. 106, the entry about Bishop Aldred (†968) of Chester-le-Street and the priest Boge also occurs on foll. 80 and 80*v. It came to Chester-le-Street in the tenth century, probably along with the relics of St Cuthbert.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 21–23).",Parchment,"Durham Gospels.",,"TM 66254",,"fol. 103v",,,"Script is a bold stately uncial with marked contrast between thick and thin strokes, and has distinct similarity to the type of uncial used for the main text of the Codex Amiatinus and the Gospel leaves attached to the Utrecht Psalter (on the different type of uncial used for the Capitula in these two MSS and for the pocket copy of the Gospel of St John now at Stonyhurst, see CLA [2.260](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579)): the bow of uncial **A** is a thin shallow loop; the tail of **G** is a small and fine curve to the left; **Y** has two forms, in one the arms branch in regular curves above the line; short horizontals and the ends of upper curves have a forked finial. A cross made of five points is found in the margin of fol. 103 to mark a lesson, as in London Royal 1.B.VII (CLA [2.213](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/531)), Egerton 1046 (CLA [2.194a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/509), [194b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510)), and in the Burchard Gospels, Würzburg Mp. Theol. Fol. 68: crosses of four points also are found in the Würzburg MS and in the Stonyhurst St John (CLA [2.260](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579)); in the Würzburg MS the liturgical lection-marks answering the cross are in Northumbrian uncial.","☛Gneuss no. 220. ☛McGurk Gospel books no. 14.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/465,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/465,"Script is a bold stately uncial with marked contrast between thick and thin strokes, and has distinct similarity to the type of uncial used for the main text of the Codex Amiatinus and the Gospel leaves attached to the Utrecht Psalter (on the different type of uncial used for the Capitula in these two MSS and for the pocket copy of the Gospel of St John now at Stonyhurst, see CLA 2.260): the bow of uncial A is a thin shallow loop; the tail of G is a small and fine curve to the left; Y has two forms, in one the arms branch in regular curves above the line; short horizontals and the ends of upper curves have a forked finial. A cross made of five points is found in the margin of fol. 103 to mark a lesson, as in London Royal 1.B.VII (CLA 2.213), Egerton 1046 (CLA 2.194a, 194b), and in the Burchard Gospels, Würzburg Mp. Theol. Fol. 68: crosses of four points also are found in the Würzburg MS and in the Stonyhurst St John (CLA 2.260); in the Würzburg MS the liturgical lection-marks answering the cross are in Northumbrian uncial.
","Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, in the centre which produced the Codex Amiatinus, during the abbacy of Ceolfrid (690–716). Bound up with the part in Insular writing (see preceding item) at least as early as the tenth century, since the hand which wrote, on fol. 106, the entry about Bishop Aldred (†968) of Chester-le-Street and the priest Boge also occurs on foll. 80 and 80*v. It came to Chester-le-Street in the tenth century, probably along with the relics of St Cuthbert.
","☛Gneuss no. 220. ☛McGurk Gospel books no. 14.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/465.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/465.jpg 466,170,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,151,"Written presumably in Northumbria. Upper part of one leaf used as back fly-leaf in a volume of 178 pages containing the Durham Ritual in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66255",,"p. 177 ",,,"Script is a mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by two different hands; one is roundish and the other compressed and more expert: **d** has usually the half-uncial form, **n** and **ꞅ** are mostly minuscule, the latter going well below the line; the shoulder of **r** bends low and the letter may easily be confused with **n**; **g** followed by **n** resembles an elongated s.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1242c.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/466,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/466,"Script is a mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by two different hands; one is roundish and the other compressed and more expert: d has usually the half-uncial form, n and ꞅ are mostly minuscule, the latter going well below the line; the shoulder of r bends low and the letter may easily be confused with n; g followed by n resembles an elongated s.
","Written presumably in Northumbria. Upper part of one leaf used as back fly-leaf in a volume of 178 pages containing the Durham Ritual in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1242c.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/466.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/466.jpg 467,171,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII med",726,775,2,152,"Written in a Northumbrian centre. A fourteenth-century note 'de manu Bedae' occurs on fol. 1v, but the tradition seems hardly tenable in view of the palaeography and orthography of the MS.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Expositio in Psalmos (epit.).",Parchment,"Durham Cassiodorus.",,"TM 66256",,"fol. 202v ",,,"Written by several scribes of different habits, in a careful, expert but somewhat self-conscious majuscule **Ꝺ** **d**, **N** **n**, **R** **r**, **S** **ꞅ**, but minuscule **d** and **n** seem to prevail; theta-like **e**, **y** with the two branches curving to the right, and **g**, s-like before **n** and **r**, occur; uncial **M** occurs not infrequently at beginning of words, likewise uncial **A** with an angular thorn-like bow thrusting boldly below the line; long **I** and the down-stroke of **p** are often wavy. The type has distinct similarity to that of one of the hands in Cambridge Univ. Kk. I. 24 (CLA [2.138](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/451)) and some kinship with London Egerton 1046 (foll. 17–31, CLA [2.194b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510)). Two words in Northumbrian uncial occur in the margin of fol. 202v. Marginal entries in Anglo-Saxon cursive have here and there **e** with the reversed lower bow (see CLA [2.123](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/436)).","☛R. N. Bailey, The Durham Cassiodorus (Jarrow Lecture 1978).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/467,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467,"Written by several scribes of different habits, in a careful, expert but somewhat self-conscious majuscule Ꝺ d, N n, R r, S ꞅ, but minuscule d and n seem to prevail; theta-like e, y with the two branches curving to the right, and g, s-like before n and r, occur; uncial M occurs not infrequently at beginning of words, likewise uncial A with an angular thorn-like bow thrusting boldly below the line; long I and the down-stroke of p are often wavy. The type has distinct similarity to that of one of the hands in Cambridge Univ. Kk. I. 24 (CLA 2.138) and some kinship with London Egerton 1046 (foll. 17–31, CLA 2.194b). Two words in Northumbrian uncial occur in the margin of fol. 202v. Marginal entries in Anglo-Saxon cursive have here and there e with the reversed lower bow (see CLA 2.123).
","Written in a Northumbrian centre. A fourteenth-century note 'de manu Bedae' occurs on fol. 1v, but the tradition seems hardly tenable in view of the palaeography and orthography of the MS.
","☛R. N. Bailey, The Durham Cassiodorus (Jarrow Lecture 1978).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/467.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/467.jpg 468,172,Uncial,VI,501,600,2,153,"Origin uncertain; the probability is that the MS was written in Italy and constitutes one of the excellent sixth-century Italian models which were available in Northumbria.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (1 Mcc. 6.59–7.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66257",,"fol. 169*",,,"Script is well-shaped regular uncial, but not of the oldest type. It is characterized by the pronounced hair-line finials to **F** and **L**, by the shallow looped bow of uncial **A**, the thin tail of **G**, and the full bows of **Ꝺ** and **P**, which are imitated in Northumbrian uncial.","☛Gneuss no. 245. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical papers 2, p. 475–6.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/468,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/468,"Script is well-shaped regular uncial, but not of the oldest type. It is characterized by the pronounced hair-line finials to F and L, by the shallow looped bow of uncial A, the thin tail of G, and the full bows of Ꝺ and P, which are imitated in Northumbrian uncial.
","Origin uncertain; the probability is that the MS was written in Italy and constitutes one of the excellent sixth-century Italian models which were available in Northumbria.
","☛Gneuss no. 245. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical papers 2, p. 475–6.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/468.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/468.jpg 469,173,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,154,"Written presumably in Northumbria. The text seems to be pure Vulgate, excellent and accurate.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Lv 14–15, 26).",Parchment,,,"TM 66258",,"from the verso of the end fly-leaf",,,"Script is a not very uniform, crowded Insular majuscule with **d**, **n**, **r** regularly minuscule and **S** uncial; the shoulder of **r** descends to the line; **g** occasionally has the uncial form; **i**-longa occurs.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/469,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/469,"Script is a not very uniform, crowded Insular majuscule with d, n, r regularly minuscule and S uncial; the shoulder of r descends to the line; g occasionally has the uncial form; i-longa occurs.
","Written presumably in Northumbria. The text seems to be pure Vulgate, excellent and accurate.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/469.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/469.jpg 470,174,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,155,"Origin uncertain. Script suggests a Continental home, presumably in the Germanic area. The book to which this fragment serves as a fly-leaf belonged to Thomas Rud (1668–1733), who gave it to the Cathedral Library.",0,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.47–49, 31.9-11, 35.21–22, 35:23–26).",Parchment,,,"TM 66259",,"from the verso ",,,"Script is a pointed minuscule of a distinct type; **ꝺ** has the uncial form; theta-like **e** occurs; **g** has two forms, one resembling a flat-topped elongated 3, the other with a curiously sharp and protruding middle; **r** and **ꞅ** descend well below the line.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 965.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/470,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/470,"Script is a pointed minuscule of a distinct type; ꝺ has the uncial form; theta-like e occurs; g has two forms, one resembling a flat-topped elongated 3, the other with a curiously sharp and protruding middle; r and ꞅ descend well below the line.
","Origin uncertain. Script suggests a Continental home, presumably in the Germanic area. The book to which this fragment serves as a fly-leaf belonged to Thomas Rud (1668–1733), who gave it to the Cathedral Library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 965.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/470.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/470.jpg 471,175,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,156,"Origin uncertain. The MS was probably written in Southern France or North Italy, in a centre with Visigothic connections—the centre which also produced the medical MS Paris N.A. Lat. 203.",0,,,"Vocabularium medicinae; Medica quaedam; Heliodorus (?), Codex medicinalis de lectionibus; Sapientia artis medicinae; Claudius Galenus Pergamenus (?), Liber medicinalis superior de acutis passionibus; Medicinae divisiones; Epistula; Medica quaedam; Liber remediorum; De infirmitatibus mulierum; Dardanus (?), De ponderibus; Medica quaedam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66260",,"fol. 148v",,,"Script is a curious and awkward mixed minuscule recalling the medical MS Paris N.A. Lat. 203: three forms of **a** occur: the Caroline (which is usual), the open (as in Visigothic), and the closed (as in Beneventan); the top of **T** descends to the left in a closed bow or, as in Beneventan and Visigothic; the back of **e** has a little knob; the top-heavy **g** is characteristic. Additions in contemporary uncial and Caroline minuscule occur in quire U.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1396.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/471,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/471,"Script is a curious and awkward mixed minuscule recalling the medical MS Paris N.A. Lat. 203: three forms of a occur: the Caroline (which is usual), the open (as in Visigothic), and the closed (as in Beneventan); the top of T descends to the left in a closed bow or, as in Beneventan and Visigothic; the back of e has a little knob; the top-heavy g is characteristic. Additions in contemporary uncial and Caroline minuscule occur in quire U.
","Origin uncertain. The MS was probably written in Southern France or North Italy, in a centre with Visigothic connections—the centre which also produced the medical MS Paris N.A. Lat. 203.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1396.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/471.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/471.jpg 472,176,"Insular Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,157,"Written in an English scriptorium under Celtic influence, probably in a centre near the Welsh border. Two eleventh-century records in Anglo-Saxon vernacular added on foll. 134 and 135 refer to places in Herefordshire and two convents at Hereford. A Hereford library-mark saec. XV occurs on the last page.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Hereford Gospels.",,"TM 66261",,"fol. 35 ",,,"Script is a late Insular majuscule of a somewhat curious type unlike the normal English or Irish; uncial **D** and **R** occur regularly, uncial **S** occasionally next to minuscule **s**; **a** has a flat top; the first branch of **y** bends to the right. Two Anglo-Saxon documents were entered in the blank spaces in the last two folios saec. XI. Lection crosses have been added passim, in the margin.","☛R. Gameson, Scriptorium 56 (2002) p. 48–75. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 15.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/472,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/472,"Script is a late Insular majuscule of a somewhat curious type unlike the normal English or Irish; uncial D and R occur regularly, uncial S occasionally next to minuscule s; a has a flat top; the first branch of y bends to the right. Two Anglo-Saxon documents were entered in the blank spaces in the last two folios saec. XI. Lection crosses have been added passim, in the margin.
","Written in an English scriptorium under Celtic influence, probably in a centre near the Welsh border. Two eleventh-century records in Anglo-Saxon vernacular added on foll. 134 and 135 refer to places in Herefordshire and two convents at Hereford. A Hereford library-mark saec. XV occurs on the last page.
","☛R. Gameson, Scriptorium 56 (2002) p. 48–75. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 15.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/472.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/472.jpg 473,177,Uncial,VIII,701,800,2,158,"Written doubtless in England (as script, abbreviations, and initials show), probably in Northumbria, to judge by a certain similarity to the unmistakable Northumbrian MS, London Add. 37777 (CLA [2.177](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/196), a sister MS to the Codex Amiatinus). Later history uncertain: the main MS either is a Cathedral book or may have come from Cirencester.",,,,"Commentarius in Mattheum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66262",,"fol. iv",,,"Script is a late and somewhat artificial uncial by a not very expert scribe; the letters **Ꝺ**, **F**, **P**, **S**, **Y** recall other English uncial MSS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/473,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/473,"Script is a late and somewhat artificial uncial by a not very expert scribe; the letters Ꝺ, F, P, S, Y recall other English uncial MSS.
","Written doubtless in England (as script, abbreviations, and initials show), probably in Northumbria, to judge by a certain similarity to the unmistakable Northumbrian MS, London Add. 37777 (CLA 2.177, a sister MS to the Codex Amiatinus). Later history uncertain: the main MS either is a Cathedral book or may have come from Cirencester.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/473.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/473.jpg 474,178,"Insular Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,2,159,"Written probably in a Welsh centre following Irish calligraphic tradition. Was at Llandaff already in the eighth century, to judge from the script of the oldest entry at the end of St Matthew (page 141). That it was there early in the ninth century is seen from another entry on the same page, which speaks of the sale of this Gospel-book for the price of an excellent horse. St Teilo, bishop of Llandaff (†560), is mentioned in both entries. The earliest proved connexion with Lichfield dates from the tenth century (cf. 'winsy presul' on p. 1).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc 1–3.9).",Parchment,"St Chad Gospels. Codex S. Ceaddae. (L)",,"TM 66263",,"page 131",,https://lichfield.ou.edu/st-chad-gospels,"Script is a bold, regular, and expert Insular majuscule; **d** occurs mostly in the minuscule form, **N** (with low and almost horizontal cross-stroke), **R** and **S** generally in the majuscule form; when two **d**'s follow each other the second is uncial; when two **n**'s occur together the second is minuscule; the two branches of **y** bend to the right and the stem curves to the left. In the ligature **nt** the cross-stroke of the subscript **t** is oblique. Numerous entries in Welsh minuscule saec. VIII and IX; some others in Anglo-Saxon and Caroline minuscule saec. X.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII¹ (ca. 730)) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 16.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/474,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/474,"Script is a bold, regular, and expert Insular majuscule; d occurs mostly in the minuscule form, N (with low and almost horizontal cross-stroke), R and S generally in the majuscule form; when two d's follow each other the second is uncial; when two n's occur together the second is minuscule; the two branches of y bend to the right and the stem curves to the left. In the ligature nt the cross-stroke of the subscript t is oblique. Numerous entries in Welsh minuscule saec. VIII and IX; some others in Anglo-Saxon and Caroline minuscule saec. X.
","Written probably in a Welsh centre following Irish calligraphic tradition. Was at Llandaff already in the eighth century, to judge from the script of the oldest entry at the end of St Matthew (page 141). That it was there early in the ninth century is seen from another entry on the same page, which speaks of the sale of this Gospel-book for the price of an excellent horse. St Teilo, bishop of Llandaff (†560), is mentioned in both entries. The earliest proved connexion with Lichfield dates from the tenth century (cf. 'winsy presul' on p. 1).
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII¹ (ca. 730)) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 16.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/474.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/474.jpg 475,179,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,160,"Written probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script. The text has affinity with the Codex Epternacensis. The fragment forms part of a miscellany composed of leaves taken from old bindings in the library.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io 10.31–11.30).",Parchment,,,"TM 66264",,"from the recto ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule of the less formal type: **ꝺ** and **S** are mostly uncial, **R** occasionally; **n** is regularly minuscule; **g** has a distinctive form; the right branch of **y** leans on the line.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 17.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/475,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/475,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule of the less formal type: ꝺ and S are mostly uncial, R occasionally; n is regularly minuscule; g has a distinctive form; the right branch of y leans on the line.
","Written probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script. The text has affinity with the Codex Epternacensis. The fragment forms part of a miscellany composed of leaves taken from old bindings in the library.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 17.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/475.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/475.jpg 476,180,"North Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,161,"Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. Was certainly at Nonantola by the ninth century. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period. Later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12264. Acquired by Mr A. Chester Beatty in 1924.",3,,,"Augustinus, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66265",,"fol. 27 ",,,"Script is a not very calligraphic, Italian pre-Caroline minuscule: **c** often has the broken form; **i**-longa is not used regularly; the two forms of **ti** are used indifferently for the soft and hard sound; other constant ligatures with **i** are **fi**, **ri**; the **te** ligature is frequent.","☛Originally London Chester Beatty Collection 5. ",,3,12,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/476,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/476,"Script is a not very calligraphic, Italian pre-Caroline minuscule: c often has the broken form; i-longa is not used regularly; the two forms of ti are used indifferently for the soft and hard sound; other constant ligatures with i are fi, ri; the te ligature is frequent.
","Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. Was certainly at Nonantola by the ninth century. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period. Later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12264. Acquired by Mr A. Chester Beatty in 1924.
","☛Originally London Chester Beatty Collection 5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/476.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/476.jpg 477,181,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,2,162,"Written by the monk Lupus for Ato, who is probably to be identified with Ato, Abbot (736–60) of San Vincenzo al Volturno near Benevento, though on the ground of text Berger has claimed this MS for France. Corrected, annotated, and used liturgically in the tenth century in the Beneventan area. On fol. 76v is a thirteenth-century inventory of books of St Peter's, Benevento. Richard Bentley (1662–1742) used this MS when it belonged to the famous physician, Richard Mead. Acquired for the British Museum in 1794.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc, Mc, Mt, Io). ",Parchment,"Codex Beneventanus. (F)",,"TM 66266",,"fol. 222",,,"Script a bold and fairly regular uncial; the bow of uncial **A** is very pointed, the tongue of uncial **E** low, **L** has a downward hair-line, **X** is made in three strokes, **Y** is dotted. Marginal insertions in Beneventan saec. X.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 18. ☛Canon tables from a sixth-century MS: C. Stiegemann, M. Wemhoff, Kunst und Kultur der Karolingerzeit, 2 (1999), p. 704–5. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/477,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/477,"Script a bold and fairly regular uncial; the bow of uncial A is very pointed, the tongue of uncial E low, L has a downward hair-line, X is made in three strokes, Y is dotted. Marginal insertions in Beneventan saec. X.
","Written by the monk Lupus for Ato, who is probably to be identified with Ato, Abbot (736–60) of San Vincenzo al Volturno near Benevento, though on the ground of text Berger has claimed this MS for France. Corrected, annotated, and used liturgically in the tenth century in the Beneventan area. On fol. 76v is a thirteenth-century inventory of books of St Peter's, Benevento. Richard Bentley (1662–1742) used this MS when it belonged to the famous physician, Richard Mead. Acquired for the British Museum in 1794.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 18. ☛Canon tables from a sixth-century MS: C. Stiegemann, M. Wemhoff, Kunst und Kultur der Karolingerzeit, 2 (1999), p. 704–5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/477.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/477.jpg 478,182,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,2,163,"Written in France in the centre which produced the Ivrea MS of Gregory and perhaps the Missale Gothicum (CLA [1.106](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119)). The British Museum MS belonged to Samuel Butler, Bishop of Lichfield (1774–1839). It was acquired by the Museum in 1841. The Paris leaves appear to have been recovered from bindings. The single London leaf was presented by Seymour de Ricci in April, 1927. It was found loose in a book from the library of Champollion-Figeac by Etienne Deville, who presented it to de Ricci.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.1–24.51).",Parchment,,,"TM 66267",,"foll. 2 and 45v",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the type to which the name 'Luxeuil' has been given: letter **a** in ligature rises above the line; **b** occasionally has a tag to the right of the stem; the bows of **d** and **q** are open when following **o**; suprascript **u** is frequent; **i**-longa occurs; **ti** ligature is used indifferently for hard and soft sound; the ligature **fl** is typical. Some Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36184.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/478,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the type to which the name 'Luxeuil' has been given: letter a in ligature rises above the line; b occasionally has a tag to the right of the stem; the bows of d and q are open when following o; suprascript u is frequent; i-longa occurs; ti ligature is used indifferently for hard and soft sound; the ligature fl is typical. Some Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written in France in the centre which produced the Ivrea MS of Gregory and perhaps the Missale Gothicum (CLA 1.106). The British Museum MS belonged to Samuel Butler, Bishop of Lichfield (1774–1839). It was acquired by the Museum in 1841. The Paris leaves appear to have been recovered from bindings. The single London leaf was presented by Seymour de Ricci in April, 1927. It was found loose in a book from the library of Champollion-Figeac by Etienne Deville, who presented it to de Ricci.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36184.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/478.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/478.jpg 479,183,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,2,164,"Origin most likely Italy. Used as fly-leaves to a twelfth-century Anglo-Saxon Cartulary of St Swithin, Winchester, which was bought by the British Museum from the Chapter of Winchester Cathedral in 1844. On fol. 1 is the entry: Liber domini Thome Dakcombe 1550.",0,,,"Vitae Patrum; Apophthegmata Patrum (13.9–14.1, 10–17). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66268",,"fol. 121 ",,,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial by two distinct hands, the more expert using a finer pen; **LL** run together.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/479,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/479,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial by two distinct hands, the more expert using a finer pen; LL run together.
","Origin most likely Italy. Used as fly-leaves to a twelfth-century Anglo-Saxon Cartulary of St Swithin, Winchester, which was bought by the British Museum from the Chapter of Winchester Cathedral in 1844. On fol. 1 is the entry: Liber domini Thome Dakcombe 1550.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/479.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/479.jpg 480,184,Uncial,VII,601,700,2,165,"Origin uncertain. Small scrap of parchment mounted in the front fly-leaf of a MS of theological tracts in Syriac dated AD 512.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 12.23–24, 32).",Parchment,,,"TM 66269",,"recto and verso of the entire fragment shown ",,,"The script is a bold, but rather heavy uncial: the hasta of uncial **E** is high, the bow of **R** is small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/480,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/480,"The script is a bold, but rather heavy uncial: the hasta of uncial E is high, the bow of R is small.
","Origin uncertain. Small scrap of parchment mounted in the front fly-leaf of a MS of theological tracts in Syriac dated AD 512.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/480.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/480.jpg 481,185,"Cursive Script",VI²,551,600,2,166,"Written probably in North Italy. Used for rewriting in the tenth century in the near East. Came from the monastery of S Maria Deipara in the Nitrian desert; acquired by the British Museum in 1847.",,,,"Explanationes in Donatum (I).",Parchment,,,"TM 66270",,"fol. 7v ",,,"Written in an expert cursive charter-hand, bearing some resemblance to the cursive script of North Italy: one form of the **ri** ligature could be mistaken for **n**; the form of uncial **E** shaped like a cursive Greek theta is noteworthy; it is also found in the 'Benedictio Cerei' in cursive preceding the Augustinus de Baptismo in uncial in the famous Escorial MS.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII) changed to follow second edition. ☛P. De Paolis, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 201–21. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2, pl. 115.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/481,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/481,"Written in an expert cursive charter-hand, bearing some resemblance to the cursive script of North Italy: one form of the ri ligature could be mistaken for n; the form of uncial E shaped like a cursive Greek theta is noteworthy; it is also found in the 'Benedictio Cerei' in cursive preceding the Augustinus de Baptismo in uncial in the famous Escorial MS.
","Written probably in North Italy. Used for rewriting in the tenth century in the near East. Came from the monastery of S Maria Deipara in the Nitrian desert; acquired by the British Museum in 1847.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII) changed to follow second edition. ☛P. De Paolis, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 201–21. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2, pl. 115.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/481.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/481.jpg 482,186,Uncial,V,401,500,2,167,"Written in all probability in Italy. First used for rewriting in the seventh century, apparently in North Italy, and again in the tenth century in the near East. Found in the monastery of S Maria Deipara in the Nitrian desert, Egypt (many of the Syriac MSS in that monastery came from Nisibis). Acquired by the British Museum in 1847.",3,,,"C. Granius Licinianus, Annales (26, 28, 33, 35, 36, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66271",,"fol. 5 ",,,"Script is a small, neatly formed, very ancient type of uncial not unlike that of the Bamberg Livy fragments: the upper bow of **B** is a mere dot, the eye of uncial **E** is open, the tail of **G** is barely indicated, **N** is broad, the bow of **P** is open.","☛P. De Paolis, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 201–21. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2, pl. 115.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/482,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/482,"Script is a small, neatly formed, very ancient type of uncial not unlike that of the Bamberg Livy fragments: the upper bow of B is a mere dot, the eye of uncial E is open, the tail of G is barely indicated, N is broad, the bow of P is open.
","Written in all probability in Italy. First used for rewriting in the seventh century, apparently in North Italy, and again in the tenth century in the near East. Found in the monastery of S Maria Deipara in the Nitrian desert, Egypt (many of the Syriac MSS in that monastery came from Nisibis). Acquired by the British Museum in 1847.
","☛P. De Paolis, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 201–21. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2, pl. 115.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/482.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/482.jpg 483,187,"German Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,168,"Written apparently in South Germany and probably at Freising. Textually there seems to be a close affinity with the Benedictbeuern MS, Munich Lat. 4547. All the London fragments were used as fly-leaves in MSS hailing from the Georgenberg monastery in the Tyrol; the Donaueschingen leaves probably came from the same place.",,,,"Alanus, Homiliarium (Pars Aestivalis, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66272",,"Image from London, Additional MS. 18322, fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a German type with marked resemblance to such early Freising MSS, as Munich Lat. 6279 and 6308: both forms of **a** are frequent; the ligature **nt** occurs even in mid-word. See also under CLA [7.**168](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1258), [8.**168](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1468).","☛Location unknown, Private collection Edgerton 3273 (fol. 2, strips).",,,11,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/483,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/483,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a German type with marked resemblance to such early Freising MSS, as Munich Lat. 6279 and 6308: both forms of a are frequent; the ligature nt occurs even in mid-word. See also under CLA 7.**168, 8.**168.
","Written apparently in South Germany and probably at Freising. Textually there seems to be a close affinity with the Benedictbeuern MS, Munich Lat. 4547. All the London fragments were used as fly-leaves in MSS hailing from the Georgenberg monastery in the Tyrol; the Donaueschingen leaves probably came from the same place.
","☛Location unknown, Private collection Edgerton 3273 (fol. 2, strips).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/483.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/483.jpg 484,188,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,169,"Written either in England or in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. On the paper fly-leaf (fol. 1) are two probationes pennae saec. XIV: 'capitulum ecclesie Quinque ecclesie', referring presumably to Fünfkirchen (now Pécs) in Hungary. Bought by the British Museum from Edwin Tross, Paris, in 1856.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66273",,"fol. 6v",,,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, of a type recalling London Egerton 1046 (foll. 17–31, CLA [2.194b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/215)): **d** and **n** have the minuscule form, **R** and **S** both the uncial and the minuscule form. An entry in Caroline minuscule saec. X occurs on fol. 19.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 19.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/484,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/484,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, of a type recalling London Egerton 1046 (foll. 17–31, CLA 2.194b): d and n have the minuscule form, R and S both the uncial and the minuscule form. An entry in Caroline minuscule saec. X occurs on fol. 19.
","Written either in England or in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. On the paper fly-leaf (fol. 1) are two probationes pennae saec. XIV: 'capitulum ecclesie Quinque ecclesie', referring presumably to Fünfkirchen (now Pécs) in Hungary. Bought by the British Museum from Edwin Tross, Paris, in 1856.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/484.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/484.jpg 485,189,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,170,"Written in France, probably in the North-eastern area. Acquired by the British Museum from Messrs Boone in 1861.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (2, 3, 4, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66274",,"foll. 5v and 29v",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, with many cursive elements, and rather ungainly: the bows of **c** and **e** occasionally have a tag to the left; **d** and **q** after **o** are open; **l** is often broken; superior **a** in ligature is frequent; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound.",,,3,13,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/485,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/485,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, with many cursive elements, and rather ungainly: the bows of c and e occasionally have a tag to the left; d and q after o are open; l is often broken; superior a in ligature is frequent; the ti ligature is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound.
","Written in France, probably in the North-eastern area. Acquired by the British Museum from Messrs Boone in 1861.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/485.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/485.jpg 486,190,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,2,171,"Origin doubtless Italy. Provenance the library of S Remacle, Stavelot: the ex-libris is seen on our plate. All the leaves appear to have come from bindings of MSS of that library, where the MS was cut up in the Middle Ages. The lost three leaves were in Brussels as early as 1826, when they were copied by Pertz. The leaves now in Brussels were bought at the sale of the Stavelot Libary at Ghent in 1847 with the Brussels MS 19623–6 [1038], Hieronymus de Viris Illustribus, saec. XIII. The London leaves were in the binding of Additional MSS 28106–7 (the Stavelot Bible saec. XI ex.), which was bought from Messrs Boone in 1861, and also came from the 1847 Stavelot sale.",0,,,"Paulus Orosius, Historiae Adversus Paganos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66275",,"fol. 12v",,,"Script is a bold though not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial **A**, often forms a triangle with the line as base; **i**-longa occurs here and there and often goes below the line; the two halves of uncial **M** tend to fall apart; the last stroke of **N** intersects the cross-bar above the line; **FF** and **LL** run together; the ends of descenders are pointed.","☛CLA first edition date (VIII in) and provenance (Origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition. ☛13 folios reused in bindings and as fly-leaves: CLA [5.171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/871), [10.171 p. 31](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/150), [12.171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1967).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/486,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/486,"Script is a bold though not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial A, often forms a triangle with the line as base; i-longa occurs here and there and often goes below the line; the two halves of uncial M tend to fall apart; the last stroke of N intersects the cross-bar above the line; FF and LL run together; the ends of descenders are pointed.
","Origin doubtless Italy. Provenance the library of S Remacle, Stavelot: the ex-libris is seen on our plate. All the leaves appear to have come from bindings of MSS of that library, where the MS was cut up in the Middle Ages. The lost three leaves were in Brussels as early as 1826, when they were copied by Pertz. The leaves now in Brussels were bought at the sale of the Stavelot Libary at Ghent in 1847 with the Brussels MS 19623–6 [1038], Hieronymus de Viris Illustribus, saec. XIII. The London leaves were in the binding of Additional MSS 28106–7 (the Stavelot Bible saec. XI ex.), which was bought from Messrs Boone in 1861, and also came from the 1847 Stavelot sale.
","☛CLA first edition date (VIII in) and provenance (Origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition. ☛13 folios reused in bindings and as fly-leaves: CLA 5.171, 10.171 p. 31, 12.171.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/486.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/486.jpg 487,191,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,172,"Origin uncertain, but the script suggests a centre in the Frankish area. The main MS belonged to the monastery of Tholey near Ottweiler (Saar district).",0,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66276",,"fol. 169",,,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule, with the two forms of **a**; descenders go far below the line. The liturgical rubrics in part are in debased uncial and distinguished either by a red or by a green wash: **N** has a curious form, the first stroke descending well below the line and the second being almost horizontal.","☛Gamber, CLLA 615.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/487,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/487,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule, with the two forms of a; descenders go far below the line. The liturgical rubrics in part are in debased uncial and distinguished either by a red or by a green wash: N has a curious form, the first stroke descending well below the line and the second being almost horizontal.
","Origin uncertain, but the script suggests a centre in the Frankish area. The main MS belonged to the monastery of Tholey near Ottweiler (Saar district).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 615.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/487.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/487.jpg 488,192,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VII² ",651,700,2,173,"Written in a centre where the 'Luxeuil' type was practised. Our MS may be identical with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus' from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. The British Museum fragment was bought in 1876 from Mme Holmes-Moët. The Metz leaf was separated before 17 September 1831, when the transcript of the London MS was made in Paris.",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (190); Caesarius Arelatensis, Sermones; Epiphanius, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66277",,"fol. 35v-36",,,"The script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: letters lean somewhat to the left; **b** occasionally has a tag connecting it with the following letter; **ti** ligature is frequent and is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound. For more details see also under CLA [6.**173](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1096).","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII in) changed to follow second edition date ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/488,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/488,"The script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: letters lean somewhat to the left; b occasionally has a tag connecting it with the following letter; ti ligature is frequent and is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound. For more details see also under CLA 6.**173.
","Written in a centre where the 'Luxeuil' type was practised. Our MS may be identical with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus' from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. The British Museum fragment was bought in 1876 from Mme Holmes-Moët. The Metz leaf was separated before 17 September 1831, when the transcript of the London MS was made in Paris.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII in) changed to follow second edition date ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 2 scribes. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/488.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/488.jpg 489,193,"a-z Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,2,174,"Written in North France, probably in the Laon area. Belonged in the fifteenth century to the monastery of Ottobeuren, Bavaria: the ex-libris on fol. 1 is in part erased. Bought in Paris at the A. Firmin Didot sale in 1879.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (1–5.46).",Parchment,,,"TM 66278",,"fol. 5v",,,"Script is a distinct French calligraphic type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a small group of MSS from Laon and called a-z by its distinguishing letters (see CLA [128](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441)): **d** and **q** have an open bow when following **e** and **o**; the **u** following **q** has the form of an inverted cup; ligatures in **i** are frequent: **ei**, **fi**, **gi**, **ri**, **ti** (the hard sound only); the whole script leans to the left. Lines immediately after ornamental capitals are sometimes in half-uncial script, red and green lines alternating (foll. 1, 5v).",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/489,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489,"Script is a distinct French calligraphic type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a small group of MSS from Laon and called a-z by its distinguishing letters (see CLA 128): d and q have an open bow when following e and o; the u following q has the form of an inverted cup; ligatures in i are frequent: ei, fi, gi, ri, ti (the hard sound only); the whole script leans to the left. Lines immediately after ornamental capitals are sometimes in half-uncial script, red and green lines alternating (foll. 1, 5v).
","Written in North France, probably in the Laon area. Belonged in the fifteenth century to the monastery of Ottobeuren, Bavaria: the ex-libris on fol. 1 is in part erased. Bought in Paris at the A. Firmin Didot sale in 1879.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/489.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/489.jpg 490,194,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,2,175,"Origin uncertain. Obviously written in a good centre either in Italy or perhaps in Africa, to judge by script. Believed to have been found in the Fayum, in Egypt.",0,,,"Lucanus, Bellum Civile (2.247–8, 265–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 61434",,"complete fragment, verso and recto are shown",,,"Script is a comely, large-sized uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial **A** is thin and pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is small and open, recalling the form in Codex k (Turin G. VII. 15), probably from Africa; the first arch of uncial **M** is round, the second angular; the bow of uncial **Q** is broad; the form of **U** is reminiscent of Rustic capital.","☛P. Lond. Lit. 42. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 36. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/490,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/490,"Script is a comely, large-sized uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial A is thin and pointed; the eye of uncial E is small and open, recalling the form in Codex k (Turin G. VII. 15), probably from Africa; the first arch of uncial M is round, the second angular; the bow of uncial Q is broad; the form of U is reminiscent of Rustic capital.
","Origin uncertain. Obviously written in a good centre either in Italy or perhaps in Africa, to judge by script. Believed to have been found in the Fayum, in Egypt.
","☛P. Lond. Lit. 42. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 36.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/490.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/490.jpg 491,195,Uncial,VIII,701,800,2,176,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre either in England. Mutilated presumably at an early date, to judge by the cover of the Lexicon Tironianum in which the two leaves serve as fly-leaves, which seems to date from the early middle ages. By the twelfth century the main MS seems to have been in the possession of St Nicholas, Furnes, Belgium: on fol. 115v is an entry referring to the 'dedicatio basilice S. Nicholai' in 1120. Belonged to Sir John Fortescue of Salden in the sixteenth century, and later to the Turvile-Petre family, from whom it was bought in 1907.",,,,"Sacramentarium Anglosaxonicum; Orationes Matutinae et Vespertinae; Excerpta Biblica: Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io 14.7–14, Lc 24.49–53, Mc 16.15–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 66279",,"foll. 116, 117, and 117v",,,"Script is an ornate type of uncial with a distinct Anglo-Saxon flavour: the three hands differ in size, skill, and style.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (England or North France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 411.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/491,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/491,"Script is an ornate type of uncial with a distinct Anglo-Saxon flavour: the three hands differ in size, skill, and style.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre either in England. Mutilated presumably at an early date, to judge by the cover of the Lexicon Tironianum in which the two leaves serve as fly-leaves, which seems to date from the early middle ages. By the twelfth century the main MS seems to have been in the possession of St Nicholas, Furnes, Belgium: on fol. 115v is an entry referring to the 'dedicatio basilice S. Nicholai' in 1120. Belonged to Sir John Fortescue of Salden in the sixteenth century, and later to the Turvile-Petre family, from whom it was bought in 1907.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (England or North France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 411.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/491.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/491.jpg 492,196,Uncial,"VII ex–VIII in",689,716,2,177,"Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, and is doubtless one of the three Bibles—the 'tres pandectes novae translations', as Bede has it—produced at the order of Abbot Ceolfrid (690–716), the one complete surviving copy being the more stately Codex Amiatinus, which was destined for presentation to St Peter's, Rome. The London leaf was found in the binding of a register in a bookseller's shop at Newcastle and given to the Museum by the finder, Canon Greenwell of Durham, in 1909. The Middleton leaves had been used as covers for deeds relating to lands at Middleton and other properties, and are now bound separately and preserved at Birdsall House, Malton, Yorks.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata 1Sm 1.21, 2.1, 8–10, 15–22, (fragm.), 2Sm 11.29–12.18).",Parchment,,,"TM 66280",,"verso of the London leaf",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_37777,"The script is a characteristic, somewhat artificial uncial of the same type, but not so carefully formed, as the text-script of the Codex Amiatinus: the bow of uncial **A** is compressed to a thin oval; the tail of **G** is fine, long, and curved to the left; **S** is distinctly top-heavy; to save space at line-ends the base of **L** drops below the line, **S** is compressed and rises above the line, **Y** does likewise; **S** in ligature at line-ends has a characteristic shallow form and leans to the right; short horizontals and the ends of upper curves have a forked finial.","☛Originally Lord Middleton's Collection. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 41.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/492,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/492,"The script is a characteristic, somewhat artificial uncial of the same type, but not so carefully formed, as the text-script of the Codex Amiatinus: the bow of uncial A is compressed to a thin oval; the tail of G is fine, long, and curved to the left; S is distinctly top-heavy; to save space at line-ends the base of L drops below the line, S is compressed and rises above the line, Y does likewise; S in ligature at line-ends has a characteristic shallow form and leans to the right; short horizontals and the ends of upper curves have a forked finial.
","Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, and is doubtless one of the three Bibles—the 'tres pandectes novae translations', as Bede has it—produced at the order of Abbot Ceolfrid (690–716), the one complete surviving copy being the more stately Codex Amiatinus, which was destined for presentation to St Peter's, Rome. The London leaf was found in the binding of a register in a bookseller's shop at Newcastle and given to the Museum by the finder, Canon Greenwell of Durham, in 1909. The Middleton leaves had been used as covers for deeds relating to lands at Middleton and other properties, and are now bound separately and preserved at Birdsall House, Malton, Yorks.
","☛Originally Lord Middleton's Collection. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 41.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/492.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/492.jpg 493,198,Uncial,"IV ex",376,400,2,178,"Written most likely in Africa. The leaves were used in the binding of a twelfth-century MS of biblical commentaries written in England. In the same MS was part of a bifolium of a vernacular martyrology in tenth-century Anglo-Saxon script, now Additional MS 40165 A.2. Came to the British Museum in 1921 from the library of the Duke of Norfolk, Arundel Castle. Other MSS of Cyprian showing a text of this family are all English.",,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae (55, 69, 74, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66282",,"fol. 3v, cols. 2, 3, and 4, and fol. 4, cols. 1 and 2",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_40165_A,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type: the first stroke of uncial **M** is a straight line (not a curve); the upper eye of uncial **E** is open and small; the upper stroke of **Ꝺ** extends well to the left; the base stroke of **S** is almost horizontal; the general impression is one of pleasant irregularity preceding the more perfect forms of a type which had reached maturity.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Written probably in Italy or Africa) changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/493,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/493,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type: the first stroke of uncial M is a straight line (not a curve); the upper eye of uncial E is open and small; the upper stroke of Ꝺ extends well to the left; the base stroke of S is almost horizontal; the general impression is one of pleasant irregularity preceding the more perfect forms of a type which had reached maturity.
","Written most likely in Africa. The leaves were used in the binding of a twelfth-century MS of biblical commentaries written in England. In the same MS was part of a bifolium of a vernacular martyrology in tenth-century Anglo-Saxon script, now Additional MS 40165 A.2. Came to the British Museum in 1921 from the library of the Duke of Norfolk, Arundel Castle. Other MSS of Cyprian showing a text of this family are all English.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Written probably in Italy or Africa) changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/493.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/493.jpg 494,199,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,179,"Written in Ireland. The diminutive size of the MS suggests that it was one of the Gospel books worn in a cumdach. Came to England as early as saec. IX–X, when an Eduardus diaconus wrote the last page (fol. 66). Redecorated in South England, saec. X. An erased thirteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 66v. Later owned by William Newman (1538), and by Robert Lancaster (1662). Acquired by the British Museum at Sotheby's in 1922.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Lc, Mc, Io, imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66283",,"foll. 38v and 51",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=13&ref=Add_MS_40618,"Script is a small Irish minuscule written by several hands, one of which uses **R** consistently. In much of the MS the letters seem broken as if penned by an aged scribe.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 20. ",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/494,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/494,"Script is a small Irish minuscule written by several hands, one of which uses R consistently. In much of the MS the letters seem broken as if penned by an aged scribe.
","Written in Ireland. The diminutive size of the MS suggests that it was one of the Gospel books worn in a cumdach. Came to England as early as saec. IX–X, when an Eduardus diaconus wrote the last page (fol. 66). Redecorated in South England, saec. X. An erased thirteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 66v. Later owned by William Newman (1538), and by Robert Lancaster (1662). Acquired by the British Museum at Sotheby's in 1922.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/494.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/494.jpg 495,200,"North Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,180,"Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. Belonged to S Silvester, Nonantola, by the ninth century (foll. 1, 63, 95). Migrated in the seventeenth century with many other MSS to Santa Croce, Rome, whence it was stolen during the Napoleonic occupation. Acquired from Messrs Payne, the booksellers, in 1848 by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12261. Acquired in 1924 by Mr. A. Chester Beatty, in whose collection it bore the number 3, and in 1933 by the British Museum.",,,,"Augustinus, De Vera Religione, etc.; Commodianus, Carmen Apologeticum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66284",,"fol. 63 ",,,"Script is a rather uncalligraphic minuscule with many cursive elements, resembling early Beneventan: **c** is mostly broken-backed; **e** rises above the line; the broken form of **l** occurs; ligatures of **te**, **fi**, **li**, **ri**, and **ti** are used regularly; **ti** is used indifferently for the soft and hard sound; **i**-longa is used initially and even medially. On fol. 192v are some lines in mixed uncial and half-uncial. Marginal entries by a contemporary hand often take the form of a bunch of grapes. An unmistakable Nonantola hand (saec. IX) is seen on foll. 1, 63, 95.","☛Bischoff, Katalog II no. 2407. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12261. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 161-162",,3,12,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/495,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/495,"Script is a rather uncalligraphic minuscule with many cursive elements, resembling early Beneventan: c is mostly broken-backed; e rises above the line; the broken form of l occurs; ligatures of te, fi, li, ri, and ti are used regularly; ti is used indifferently for the soft and hard sound; i-longa is used initially and even medially. On fol. 192v are some lines in mixed uncial and half-uncial. Marginal entries by a contemporary hand often take the form of a bunch of grapes. An unmistakable Nonantola hand (saec. IX) is seen on foll. 1, 63, 95.
","Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. Belonged to S Silvester, Nonantola, by the ninth century (foll. 1, 63, 95). Migrated in the seventeenth century with many other MSS to Santa Croce, Rome, whence it was stolen during the Napoleonic occupation. Acquired from Messrs Payne, the booksellers, in 1848 by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12261. Acquired in 1924 by Mr. A. Chester Beatty, in whose collection it bore the number 3, and in 1933 by the British Museum.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog II no. 2407. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12261. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 161-162
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/495.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/495.jpg 496,201,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,2,181,"Written doubtless in Italy. The text of Augustine was probably superimposed at Nonantola saec. VIII–IX. For the later history of the MS see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/495).",3,,,"Johannes Chrysostomus, Commentarius in Paulum in Epistulam ad Hebraeos, interprete Mutiano.",Parchment,,,"TM 66285",,"foll. 99v and 100",,,"Text almost completely erased and utterly illegible except by the use of reagent. Script is a well-formed uncial: **LL** run together.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (superimposed at Nonantola saec. VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12261.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/496,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/496,"Text almost completely erased and utterly illegible except by the use of reagent. Script is a well-formed uncial: LL run together.
","Written doubtless in Italy. The text of Augustine was probably superimposed at Nonantola saec. VIII–IX. For the later history of the MS see preceding item.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (superimposed at Nonantola saec. VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12261.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/496.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/496.jpg 497,202,Uncial,VII,601,700,2,182,"Written certainly in France, presumably at Corbie; mentioned in several old Corbie catalogues. Its number was 28 + 230. The Corbie ex-libris (saec. XIII) is seen on fol. 1. Removed to St Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was No. 197. During the French Revolution a portion was acquired by Dubrowsky and taken to St Petersburg. The British Museum acquired its part with the Burney MSS in 1818.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Origenes, Homiliae de Visionibus Balaam; Johannes Chrysostomus, De Reparatione Lapsi.",Parchment,,,"TM 66286",,"fol. 4 ",,,"Script is an important example of French uncial: **B** has a strikingly protruding lower bow; **Ꝺ** often resembles an **O** with a stem-like top; **G** occasionally ends in a horizontal tag; the two bows of uncial **M** sometimes rise branch-like above the middle stem; the upper horizontal of **Z** is sinuous and projects to the right. Notae Tironianae occur.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/497,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/497,"Script is an important example of French uncial: B has a strikingly protruding lower bow; Ꝺ often resembles an O with a stem-like top; G occasionally ends in a horizontal tag; the two bows of uncial M sometimes rise branch-like above the middle stem; the upper horizontal of Z is sinuous and projects to the right. Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written certainly in France, presumably at Corbie; mentioned in several old Corbie catalogues. Its number was 28 + 230. The Corbie ex-libris (saec. XIII) is seen on fol. 1. Removed to St Germain-des-Prés, Paris, in 1638, in which library it was No. 197. During the French Revolution a portion was acquired by Dubrowsky and taken to St Petersburg. The British Museum acquired its part with the Burney MSS in 1818.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/497.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/497.jpg 498,203,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,183,"Written probably in North-east France, in a centre with Insular connections; copied from an exemplar written AD 743, the year mentioned on fol. 107. Was in England by the ninth or tenth century: in the lower margin of fol. 41v is an entry scratched with a stylus in Anglo-Saxon letters saec. IX or X 'liofric sacerd garulf leuita'.",,,,"Hieronymus, De Viris Illustribus; Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Cyprianus, Testimonia ad Quirinum (3); Computistica Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66287",,"fol. 74",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Cotton_MS_Caligula_A_XV,"Script is a rather well-formed Pre-Caroline minuscule showing clear signs of Insular influence: the top of **t** is flat; **R** has nearly always the uncial form; **a** is usually open; **g** is low with both bows open; **i**-longa is frequently used (even 'prIncipibus'), the letter occasionally descending below the line.",,,3,13,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/498,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/498,"Script is a rather well-formed Pre-Caroline minuscule showing clear signs of Insular influence: the top of t is flat; R has nearly always the uncial form; a is usually open; g is low with both bows open; i-longa is frequently used (even 'prIncipibus'), the letter occasionally descending below the line.
","Written probably in North-east France, in a centre with Insular connections; copied from an exemplar written AD 743, the year mentioned on fol. 107. Was in England by the ninth or tenth century: in the lower margin of fol. 41v is an entry scratched with a stylus in Anglo-Saxon letters saec. IX or X 'liofric sacerd garulf leuita'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/498.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/498.jpg 499,204,"Anglo-Saxon Cursive Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,184,"Written in England, probably in the North, in a centre with Irish traditions; the second leaf was a fly-leaf to the tenth-century Latin-Saxon glossary Cotton Cleopatra A. III; the first leaf was found among debris in the Cotton collection and was a fly-leaf of Cotton Vitellius A.XIX.",,,,"Augustinus, De Consensu Evangelistarum (3.18–23, 25).",Parchment,,,"TM 66288",,"fol. 1",,,"Script is an expert, rapid, and crowded Anglo-Saxon minuscule with many cursive elements: characteristic are the (uncial) **ꝺ** following open **a**, with the top stroke made like an Insular **m**-stroke, the **g** often resembling an elongated s, and the **T** with the cross-stroke often suspended and spreading to right and left of the upright; especially numerous are ligatures with **i** (**fi**, **hi**, **mi**, **ni**, **ri**, **si**, **tiv, **ui**); the ligature **fi** has a curious resemblance to an **ꞅ** with a sinuous s-like stroke crossing the top (cf. CLA [2.270](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/589)).","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition by adding information about fly-leaf.",,,2,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/499,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/499,"Script is an expert, rapid, and crowded Anglo-Saxon minuscule with many cursive elements: characteristic are the (uncial) ꝺ following open a, with the top stroke made like an Insular m-stroke, the g often resembling an elongated s, and the T with the cross-stroke often suspended and spreading to right and left of the upright; especially numerous are ligatures with i (fi, hi, mi, ni, ri, si, **tiv, ui); the ligature fi has a curious resemblance to an ꞅ with a sinuous s-like stroke crossing the top (cf. CLA 2.270).
","Written in England, probably in the North, in a centre with Irish traditions; the second leaf was a fly-leaf to the tenth-century Latin-Saxon glossary Cotton Cleopatra A. III; the first leaf was found among debris in the Cotton collection and was a fly-leaf of Cotton Vitellius A.XIX.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition by adding information about fly-leaf.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/499.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/499.jpg 500,205,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,2,185,"Written probably in a Continental centre. The fragment is bound up in a very miscellaneous volume of English provenance.",,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Epistula de Ratione Paschae, etc. (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66289",,"fol. 8v ",,,"Script is a smallish crude uncial with occasional intrusion of half-uncial **a**, **b**, **ᵹ**, **m**, **n**, and **ꞅ**; the ligature of **uae** in 'quae' is noteworthy; **i**-longa is used regularly: In, Id, maIorum.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/500,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/500,"Script is a smallish crude uncial with occasional intrusion of half-uncial a, b, ᵹ, m, n, and ꞅ; the ligature of uae in 'quae' is noteworthy; i-longa is used regularly: In, Id, maIorum.
","Written probably in a Continental centre. The fragment is bound up in a very miscellaneous volume of English provenance.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/500.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/500.jpg 501,206,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,186,"Origin uncertain. Verona has been suggested because of the abbreviation for 'misericordiam'. Some graphic features, too, speak for North Italy. But a Romanic centre north of Italy is not to be excluded, if the spelling ci for soft ti is any guide. The exemplar came from an Irish centre, as contents and ornamentation suggest, and was written in 767, as appears from the chronological note on fol. 35v, which cannot be the date of our MS.",0,,,"Theologica et Ascetica Varia. Cursus Scottorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66290",,"from the opening 40v-41",,,"Script is a not very expert pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** is closed; the upper eye of **e** rises above the line as in Beneventan; **i**-longa is used, but not regularly; the left branch of the cross-stroke of **t** forms an open bow; **z** resembles uncial G with a wavy flourish to the right; ligatures of **fi**, **ri**, **te**, **ti** are frequent.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2421.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/501,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/501,"Script is a not very expert pre-Caroline minuscule: a is closed; the upper eye of e rises above the line as in Beneventan; i-longa is used, but not regularly; the left branch of the cross-stroke of t forms an open bow; z resembles uncial G with a wavy flourish to the right; ligatures of fi, ri, te, ti are frequent.
","Origin uncertain. Verona has been suggested because of the abbreviation for 'misericordiam'. Some graphic features, too, speak for North Italy. But a Romanic centre north of Italy is not to be excluded, if the spelling ci for soft ti is any guide. The exemplar came from an Irish centre, as contents and ornamentation suggest, and was written in 767, as appears from the chronological note on fol. 35v, which cannot be the date of our MS.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2421.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/501.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/501.jpg 502,207,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,2,187,"Origin Lindisfarne; according to the tenth-century colophon entered by the glossator Aldred on fol. 259 the MS was written by Eadfrith, Bishop of Lindisfarne (698–721); it was bound by Bishop Aethelwald (724–40) and ornamented on the outside by Billfrith, the anchorite, and glossed more than two centuries later in Anglo-Saxon by Aldred, 'a most miserable priest'. Palaeographically this tradition is perfectly acceptable. Text agrees closely with Amiatinus, even in errors. Lists of Neapolitan feasts are found before Mark and Luke, as in London Royal MS I. B. VII (CLA [2.213](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/531)). The MS accompanied the relics of St Cuthbert during their wanderings between 875 and 883 to Chester-le-Street and in 995 by way of Ripon to Durham, where it probably remained till the sixteenth century (though it has been identified with a book in a Lindisfarne inventory of 1367). Sir Robert Cotton acquired it directly or indirectly from Robert Bowyer, Clerk of the Parliaments under James I, at the beginning of the seventeenth century.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Lindisfarne Gospels. Codex Lindisfarnensis. (Y)",,"TM 66291",,"fol. 139v",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Cotton_MS_Nero_D_IV,"Written apparently by one scribe. Script is a handsome and graceful Anglo-Saxon majuscule—one of the noblest examples of Insular calligraphy by an English pen, despite inequalities in execution: **Ꝺ**, **N**, and **S** have normally the uncial form, **r** usually the minuscule form; uncial **A**, and **G** occur; **Y** has two forms: the usual form, and one with both branches bent to the right; to save space, usually at line-ends, the scribe resorts to the trick of 'stilting' or raising the letter above the line or placing it sideways; suprascript **U** at line-ends resembles a shallow bow and occurs even in ligature with the **M** placed sideways; **G** in ligature with **N** or **r** resembles an elongated s; in the ligatures **IT** and **NT** the **T** is barely suggested by the horizontal to the right at the top of the **I** or second upright of **N**, a feature also observable in the Book of Durrow (CLA [2.273](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/592)). Greek letters are found in the ornamental lines after an initial. The interlinear gloss is in Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the tenth century.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII in) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 22. ☛Gamber, CLLA 405. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 31](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/050_tav031.pdf).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/502,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502,"Written apparently by one scribe. Script is a handsome and graceful Anglo-Saxon majuscule—one of the noblest examples of Insular calligraphy by an English pen, despite inequalities in execution: Ꝺ, N, and S have normally the uncial form, r usually the minuscule form; uncial A, and G occur; Y has two forms: the usual form, and one with both branches bent to the right; to save space, usually at line-ends, the scribe resorts to the trick of 'stilting' or raising the letter above the line or placing it sideways; suprascript U at line-ends resembles a shallow bow and occurs even in ligature with the M placed sideways; G in ligature with N or r resembles an elongated s; in the ligatures IT and NT the T is barely suggested by the horizontal to the right at the top of the I or second upright of N, a feature also observable in the Book of Durrow (CLA 2.273). Greek letters are found in the ornamental lines after an initial. The interlinear gloss is in Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the tenth century.
","Origin Lindisfarne; according to the tenth-century colophon entered by the glossator Aldred on fol. 259 the MS was written by Eadfrith, Bishop of Lindisfarne (698–721); it was bound by Bishop Aethelwald (724–40) and ornamented on the outside by Billfrith, the anchorite, and glossed more than two centuries later in Anglo-Saxon by Aldred, 'a most miserable priest'. Palaeographically this tradition is perfectly acceptable. Text agrees closely with Amiatinus, even in errors. Lists of Neapolitan feasts are found before Mark and Luke, as in London Royal MS I. B. VII (CLA 2.213). The MS accompanied the relics of St Cuthbert during their wanderings between 875 and 883 to Chester-le-Street and in 995 by way of Ripon to Durham, where it probably remained till the sixteenth century (though it has been identified with a book in a Lindisfarne inventory of 1367). Sir Robert Cotton acquired it directly or indirectly from Robert Bowyer, Clerk of the Parliaments under James I, at the beginning of the seventeenth century.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII in) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 22. ☛Gamber, CLLA 405. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 31.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/502.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/502.jpg 503,208,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,188,"Written doubtless in England; ruined by fire in 1731. The Cotton catalogue in Harley 6018 shows that it formerly belonged to Thomas Allen of Gloucester Hall, Oxford.",,,,"Concilia Saxonica; Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66292",,"foll. 6v and 7 ",,,"Eight scraps now mounted, being the remains of a volume of 64 leaves ruined by fire and so much shrunk that measurements have little value; the largest scrap measures ca. 150 × 90 mm. Script is a neat, roundish, and regular majuscule: **d** and **n** are uniformly minuscule, **R** majuscule, and **s** has both forms.","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition by adding information from Harley 6018.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/503,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/503,"Eight scraps now mounted, being the remains of a volume of 64 leaves ruined by fire and so much shrunk that measurements have little value; the largest scrap measures ca. 150 × 90 mm. Script is a neat, roundish, and regular majuscule: d and n are uniformly minuscule, R majuscule, and s has both forms.
","Written doubtless in England; ruined by fire in 1731. The Cotton catalogue in Harley 6018 shows that it formerly belonged to Thomas Allen of Gloucester Hall, Oxford.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition by adding information from Harley 6018.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/503.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/503.jpg 504,209,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,189,"Written in England, probably in a Southern centre, to judge by its resemblance to the British Museum charter, Cotton Aug. II. 18, AD 705 (ChLA 3.185). Damaged in the fire in Sir Robert Cotton's Library in 1731.",,,,"Iunilius, De Partibus Divinae Legis (1.9–2.17, 22–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66293",,"fol. 179",,,"Script is a rapid, expert, cursive minuscule: **g** resembles an elongated s; **1** often descends in a sweeping curve below the line; the cross-bar of **t** is often long, resembling an abbreviation mark; **r** and **ꞅ** descend below the line; the **ti** ligature is frequent, the top of **t** joining the **i** in a characteristic s-like flourish; the **ci** ligature resembles a q; subscript **o** occurs in the ligature **tio**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/504,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/504,"Script is a rapid, expert, cursive minuscule: g resembles an elongated s; 1 often descends in a sweeping curve below the line; the cross-bar of t is often long, resembling an abbreviation mark; r and ꞅ descend below the line; the ti ligature is frequent, the top of t joining the i in a characteristic s-like flourish; the ci ligature resembles a q; subscript o occurs in the ligature tio.
","Written in England, probably in a Southern centre, to judge by its resemblance to the British Museum charter, Cotton Aug. II. 18, AD 705 (ChLA 3.185). Damaged in the fire in Sir Robert Cotton's Library in 1731.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/504.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/504.jpg 505,210,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,190,"Written in England, probably in Northumbria. This leaf was the last of the Gospel of St Matthew, and both the space originally left blank on the verso and the erased parts of the leaf were used to record documents in Anglo-Saxon saec. X, which connect the fragment with Cambridge. Bound up, no doubt by Sir Robert Cotton, with other Latin and Anglo-Saxon MSS.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 28.16–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 66294",,"fol. 75v",,,"Script is a late and not very expert type of Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **d** and **s** have both uncial and minuscule forms, **n** is regularly minuscule, **R** regularly majuscule; minuscule **a** occurs.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 24.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/505,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/505,"Script is a late and not very expert type of Anglo-Saxon majuscule: d and s have both uncial and minuscule forms, n is regularly minuscule, R regularly majuscule; minuscule a occurs.
","Written in England, probably in Northumbria. This leaf was the last of the Gospel of St Matthew, and both the space originally left blank on the verso and the erased parts of the leaf were used to record documents in Anglo-Saxon saec. X, which connect the fragment with Cambridge. Bound up, no doubt by Sir Robert Cotton, with other Latin and Anglo-Saxon MSS.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 24.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/505.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/505.jpg 506,211,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,191,"Written in England, probably in the South, as script and ornamentation suggest. The textual connexion with Durham may be due to its Northumbrian exemplar. On fol. 1 is the autograph entry 'Ro: Cotton Bruceus'. The MS suffered slightly in the fire of 1731.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66295",,"fol. 34v ",,,"Script is an expert pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: **g** has a characteristic bulging middle; the last stroke of final **m** descends below the line in a curve; descenders go well below the line. A rather artificial majuscule is used at the beginning of books. The Greek letter **Π** occurs among the large letters after an initial. Ninth-century Anglo-Saxon glosses are added. Stylus writing passim. Neumes occur on foll. 18, 26, 29.","☛Gneuss no. 377.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/506,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/506,"Script is an expert pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: g has a characteristic bulging middle; the last stroke of final m descends below the line in a curve; descenders go well below the line. A rather artificial majuscule is used at the beginning of books. The Greek letter Π occurs among the large letters after an initial. Ninth-century Anglo-Saxon glosses are added. Stylus writing passim. Neumes occur on foll. 18, 26, 29.
","Written in England, probably in the South, as script and ornamentation suggest. The textual connexion with Durham may be due to its Northumbrian exemplar. On fol. 1 is the autograph entry 'Ro: Cotton Bruceus'. The MS suffered slightly in the fire of 1731.
","☛Gneuss no. 377.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/506.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/506.jpg 507,212,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,2,192,"Origin uncertain: the codex was probably written either in Italy or France. Mounted by Sir Robert Cotton inside a border cut from an illuminated fifteenth-century MS bearing the arms of Charles the Bold, and set into a parchment fly-leaf prefixed to four leaves of the purple sixth-century Greek uncial MS of the Gospels known as Codex Purpureus Petropolitanus (N).",0,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (fragm.). ",Papyrus,,,"TM 66296",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=cotton_ms_titus_c_xv_f001r,"Script is a regular, well-formed half-uncial; the shoulder of **r** is high; **ꞅ** occasionally descends below the line; **i**-longa is used in words like In, eIus. ","☛Papyrus fragment mounted in fol. 1 of the Breviary of Margaret of York (London, BL Cotton Titus C XV). ☛R. Babcock, 'A papyrus codex of Gregory the Great’s Forty Homilies on the Gospels (London, Cottontitus C. XV)' [Scriptorium 54 (2000) 280–289](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_2000_num_54_2_2908).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/507,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/507,"Script is a regular, well-formed half-uncial; the shoulder of r is high; ꞅ occasionally descends below the line; i-longa is used in words like In, eIus.
","Origin uncertain: the codex was probably written either in Italy or France. Mounted by Sir Robert Cotton inside a border cut from an illuminated fifteenth-century MS bearing the arms of Charles the Bold, and set into a parchment fly-leaf prefixed to four leaves of the purple sixth-century Greek uncial MS of the Gospels known as Codex Purpureus Petropolitanus (N).
","☛Papyrus fragment mounted in fol. 1 of the Breviary of Margaret of York (London, BL Cotton Titus C XV). ☛R. Babcock, 'A papyrus codex of Gregory the Great’s Forty Homilies on the Gospels (London, Cottontitus C. XV)' Scriptorium 54 (2000) 280–289.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/507.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/507.jpg 508,213,Uncial,VIII¹,725,750,2,193,"Written in England, probably at St Augustine's, Canterbury; the contents agree closely with a book recorded by Thomas de Elmham (saec. XV) as kept on the High Altar there; he regarded it as one of the books given by St Augustine to Abbot Peter, a tradition palaeographically impossible. The Anglo-Saxon gloss is considered by experts as Mercian. The MS was seen by Leland (†1552) at Canterbury soon after 1533. Acquired by Sir Robert Cotton in 1599 (see fol. 12).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina Psalterium cum canticis); Ambrosius, Hymni (2, 4).",Parchment,"Vespasian Psalter.",,"TM 66297",,"fol. 55v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=22&ref=Cotton_MS_Vespasian_A_I,"Script is a careful but artificial uncial: **A** has a compressed bow, often ending in a long hair-line; the top-stroke of **D** is short and almost horizontal; **G** has both a capital and the uncial form; some letters, especially **F**, **H**, **L**, **P**, often have a tiny tag to the left ; in headings **C** sometimes has the angular form. Foll. 2v–11v are in artificial Rustic capital. There is an interlinear gloss in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX ex. A monogram is seen on fol. 153. Both the addition on fol. 11v and the added foll. 155–160v are in English Caroline minuscule saec. X and XI respectively.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1612.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/508,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/508,"Script is a careful but artificial uncial: A has a compressed bow, often ending in a long hair-line; the top-stroke of D is short and almost horizontal; G has both a capital and the uncial form; some letters, especially F, H, L, P, often have a tiny tag to the left ; in headings C sometimes has the angular form. Foll. 2v–11v are in artificial Rustic capital. There is an interlinear gloss in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX ex. A monogram is seen on fol. 153. Both the addition on fol. 11v and the added foll. 155–160v are in English Caroline minuscule saec. X and XI respectively.
","Written in England, probably at St Augustine's, Canterbury; the contents agree closely with a book recorded by Thomas de Elmham (saec. XV) as kept on the High Altar there; he regarded it as one of the books given by St Augustine to Abbot Peter, a tradition palaeographically impossible. The Anglo-Saxon gloss is considered by experts as Mercian. The MS was seen by Leland (†1552) at Canterbury soon after 1533. Acquired by Sir Robert Cotton in 1599 (see fol. 12).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1612.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/508.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/508.jpg 509,214,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,194a,"Written, it would seem, in Northumbria, probably in the same centre which produced the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171)). This part and the part containing other Sapiential Books in Anglo-Saxon majuscule (see next item), which is bound up with it, are complementary and apparently were kept together from the beginning. Bought by the British Museum from William Pickering in 1843.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Prv 4.9–fin., Ecl, Ct, Sir 4.10–44.13).",Parchment,"Egerton Wisdom Codex.",,"TM 66298",,"fol. 10v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Egerton_MS_1046,"Script is a rapid, expert though not very regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some cursive elements bearing a resemblance to the script of certain lines on fol. 62v of Durham B. II. 30 (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171)): **Ꝺ** has almost throughout the uncial form, **N** very often, uncial **A**, **R**, and **S** occasionally; **g** frequently rises above the line in the form of an elongated flat-topped 3, here and there it is shaped like an elongated s; **l** followed by **a** or **o** often descends below the line; there are many ligatures: the upper bow of **e** in ligature is often angular and rises above the line. Marginalia by several Anglo-Saxon hands.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/509,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/509,"Script is a rapid, expert though not very regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some cursive elements bearing a resemblance to the script of certain lines on fol. 62v of Durham B. II. 30 (CLA 2.152): Ꝺ has almost throughout the uncial form, N very often, uncial A, R, and S occasionally; g frequently rises above the line in the form of an elongated flat-topped 3, here and there it is shaped like an elongated s; l followed by a or o often descends below the line; there are many ligatures: the upper bow of e in ligature is often angular and rises above the line. Marginalia by several Anglo-Saxon hands.
","Written, it would seem, in Northumbria, probably in the same centre which produced the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA 2.152). This part and the part containing other Sapiential Books in Anglo-Saxon majuscule (see next item), which is bound up with it, are complementary and apparently were kept together from the beginning. Bought by the British Museum from William Pickering in 1843.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/509.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/509.jpg 510,215,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,194b,"Written, it would seem, in Northumbria, probably in the centre which produced the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171)). This part and the part in Anglo-Saxon minuscule described in the preceding item are complementary and apparently were kept together from the beginning. Bought by the British Museum from William Pickering in 1843.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Sap, Sir 1.1–35).",Parchment,"Egerton Wisdom Codex.",,"TM 66299",,"fol. 17 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Egerton_MS_1046,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a distinct type found in the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/171)) and in certain parts of the Gospels, Cambridge Univ. Kk. i. 24 (CLA [2.138](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/155)): **d**, **n**, **r** usually have the minuscule form, **S** mostly the uncial; here and there at the beginning of words uncial **A** occurs with the bow very pointed or thorn-shaped, and occasionally uncial **M**; two forms of uncial **N** occur: one has the first upright extended below the line, the other has the middle stroke broad and bending upwards at the end; minuscule **r** and **ꞅ** go well below the line; **i**-longa is frequent.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/510,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a distinct type found in the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA 2.152) and in certain parts of the Gospels, Cambridge Univ. Kk. i. 24 (CLA 2.138): d, n, r usually have the minuscule form, S mostly the uncial; here and there at the beginning of words uncial A occurs with the bow very pointed or thorn-shaped, and occasionally uncial M; two forms of uncial N occur: one has the first upright extended below the line, the other has the middle stroke broad and bending upwards at the end; minuscule r and ꞅ go well below the line; i-longa is frequent.
","Written, it would seem, in Northumbria, probably in the centre which produced the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA 2.152). This part and the part in Anglo-Saxon minuscule described in the preceding item are complementary and apparently were kept together from the beginning. Bought by the British Museum from William Pickering in 1843.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/510.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/510.jpg 511,216,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,195,"Written in Spain. The Madrid portion, perhaps the whole MS, was once at Saragossa and later in the archives of the Inquisition at Madrid. In 1885 the Madrid leaves were in the Library of the Academy of History at Madrid, but their present location is not known. The London leaves were bought by the British Museum in 1861.",,,,"Isidorus Pacensis, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66300",,"Image from London, Egerton 1934, fol. 1v ",,https://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/ILLUMIN.ASP?Size=mid&IllID=12744,"Script is broad easy-flowing minuscule of the older type: **a** has two forms; the soft and hard sounds of **ti** are not distinguished; the shafts of tall letters are often club-shaped; **i**-longa is used regularly initially (even Ille), and for the semi-vocal sound medially; a forked form of **i**-longa resembling tall **y** also occurs; the numerals **XL** are written in ligature with the **L** in the form of a small flourish above the line—a Visigothic feature.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/511,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/511,"Script is broad easy-flowing minuscule of the older type: a has two forms; the soft and hard sounds of ti are not distinguished; the shafts of tall letters are often club-shaped; i-longa is used regularly initially (even Ille), and for the semi-vocal sound medially; a forked form of i-longa resembling tall y also occurs; the numerals XL are written in ligature with the L in the form of a small flourish above the line—a Visigothic feature.
","Written in Spain. The Madrid portion, perhaps the whole MS, was once at Saragossa and later in the archives of the Inquisition at Madrid. In 1885 the Madrid leaves were in the Library of the Academy of History at Madrid, but their present location is not known. The London leaves were bought by the British Museum in 1861.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/511.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/511.jpg 512,217,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,196a,"Written at Tours: an eighth-century ex-libris of St Martin of Tours, in Merovingian cursive, is seen on fol. 1. This portion was continued by a contemporary Insular scribe, doubtless in the same scriptorium. Remained at Tours, where it was seen by Montfaucon. Belonged to Barrois and later to Lord Ashburnham. Acquired by the British Museum in 1901 at the Ashburnham sale.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Isaiam (14–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 66301",,"fol. 42v ",,,"Script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule with some cursive elements, recalling certain hands in Epinal 68: suprascript **a** is used, and subscript **i** after **m** and **n**; the ligature **ri** usually at line-ends; at the beginning of a word **i**-longa is used regularly if next letter is short; uncial **G** and **N** are common. Marginalia by Merovingian hands and by the Insular scribe of the second part. Notae Tironianae are seen on foll. 19v, 56v, 91v. Corrections in Tours minuscule saec. IX.",,,3,13,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/512,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/512,"Script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule with some cursive elements, recalling certain hands in Epinal 68: suprascript a is used, and subscript i after m and n; the ligature ri usually at line-ends; at the beginning of a word i-longa is used regularly if next letter is short; uncial G and N are common. Marginalia by Merovingian hands and by the Insular scribe of the second part. Notae Tironianae are seen on foll. 19v, 56v, 91v. Corrections in Tours minuscule saec. IX.
","Written at Tours: an eighth-century ex-libris of St Martin of Tours, in Merovingian cursive, is seen on fol. 1. This portion was continued by a contemporary Insular scribe, doubtless in the same scriptorium. Remained at Tours, where it was seen by Montfaucon. Belonged to Barrois and later to Lord Ashburnham. Acquired by the British Museum in 1901 at the Ashburnham sale.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/512.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/512.jpg 513,218,"Insular Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,196b,"Written at Tours, apparently contemporaneously with the first part, which it continues. For the later history of the whole MS, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/512).",,,,"Hieronymus, In Isaiam (14–18).",Parchment,,,"TM 220423",,"fol. 136 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Egerton_MS_1046,"Script is a pointed Insular minuscule with various cursive elements; it resembles certain hands in Vatic. Pal. Lat. 235 (CLA [1.87](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/99)) and is probably the work of a Northumbrian scribe schooled in the Irish tradition: **g** often resembles an elongated s; the cross-stroke of **T** sweeps upward above the following letters; **z** resembles a recumbent y and is mostly below the line; uncial **A**, and uncial **M** are found at the beginning of words; ligatures are frequent: in **en** and **er** the **e** sometimes has the reversed lower bow (see CLA [2.123](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/436)); in **em** and **en** at line-ends **m** and **n** hang sideways below the line (see CLA [2.147](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/460)). Contemporary marginalia by the Merovingian scribe of the first part.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/513,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/513,"Script is a pointed Insular minuscule with various cursive elements; it resembles certain hands in Vatic. Pal. Lat. 235 (CLA 1.87) and is probably the work of a Northumbrian scribe schooled in the Irish tradition: g often resembles an elongated s; the cross-stroke of T sweeps upward above the following letters; z resembles a recumbent y and is mostly below the line; uncial A, and uncial M are found at the beginning of words; ligatures are frequent: in en and er the e sometimes has the reversed lower bow (see CLA 2.123); in em and en at line-ends m and n hang sideways below the line (see CLA 2.147). Contemporary marginalia by the Merovingian scribe of the first part.
","Written at Tours, apparently contemporaneously with the first part, which it continues. For the later history of the whole MS, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/513.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/513.jpg 514,219,Uncial,VI,501,600,2,197,"Written doubtless in Italy. The MS must have reached France early, for the ninth-century Notae Tironianae on fol. 11 seem French. Belonged to Cardinal Mazarin (1602–61). Stolen by Jean Aymon from the Royal Library, Paris, in 1707. Bought soon afterwards in Holland by Robert Harley, first Earl of Oxford.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Harley Gospels. Codex Harleianus. (Z)",,"TM 68772",,"foll. 50v and 140v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=13&ref=Harley_MS_1775,"Script is a neat and elegant uncial. The corrections in sloping uncial by a contemporary reader, who employs the Greek style of syllabification, recall the method of Victor, Bishop of Capua, seen in the Codex Fuldensis, and the corrections in the Hilary MS, Paris N.A. Lat. 1592 (CLA [5.685](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1074)). There are also corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule, and Notae Tironianae.","☛CLA first-edition date (VI ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the beginning No. 31. ☛C. Nordenfalk, Die spätantiken Kanontafeln, pl. 84–102. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 26.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/514,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/514,"Script is a neat and elegant uncial. The corrections in sloping uncial by a contemporary reader, who employs the Greek style of syllabification, recall the method of Victor, Bishop of Capua, seen in the Codex Fuldensis, and the corrections in the Hilary MS, Paris N.A. Lat. 1592 (CLA 5.685). There are also corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule, and Notae Tironianae.
","Written doubtless in Italy. The MS must have reached France early, for the ninth-century Notae Tironianae on fol. 11 seem French. Belonged to Cardinal Mazarin (1602–61). Stolen by Jean Aymon from the Royal Library, Paris, in 1707. Bought soon afterwards in Holland by Robert Harley, first Earl of Oxford.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VI ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛Brown, In the beginning No. 31. ☛C. Nordenfalk, Die spätantiken Kanontafeln, pl. 84–102. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 26.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/514.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/514.jpg 515,220,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,2,198,"Written doubtless in the great centre of art and calligraphy which produced the Trier and Abbéville Gospels and the Lectionary of Charlemagne written by 'Godesscalc' in 781. Experts of medieval art place that centre at Aachen. Bought of J. J. Charron, Marquis of Menars, by Robert Harley in 1720 at the Hague.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc, Mc, Mt, Io). ",Parchment,"Codex Aureus. Harley Golden Gospels.",,"TM 66303",,"foll. 4v and 65v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2788,"Script is an artificial but well-formed uncial; here and there to save space Rustic capital is used at line-ends or on the last line. Foll. 1–6 (prefatory matter) and 199–208v (Comes) are in well developed Caroline minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2456. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 27.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/515,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/515,"Script is an artificial but well-formed uncial; here and there to save space Rustic capital is used at line-ends or on the last line. Foll. 1–6 (prefatory matter) and 199–208v (Comes) are in well developed Caroline minuscule.
","Written doubtless in the great centre of art and calligraphy which produced the Trier and Abbéville Gospels and the Lectionary of Charlemagne written by 'Godesscalc' in 781. Experts of medieval art place that centre at Aachen. Bought of J. J. Charron, Marquis of Menars, by Robert Harley in 1720 at the Hague.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2456. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 27.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/515.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/515.jpg 516,221,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,199,"Written in England, probably for a woman. Belonged in the tenth century to St Mary's Abbey or 'Nunnaminster', Winchester: on fol. 40v is an added entry in Anglo-Saxon concerning the boundaries of that nunnery. Belonged to a member of the Roscarrock family of Cornwall, whose arms are on fol. 37v. Bought by Robert Harley in 1720 from John Warburton, Somerset Herald.",,,,"Libellus Precum.",Parchment,"Book of Nunnaminster.",,"TM 66304",,"foll. 11 and 38 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_2965,"Script is a rather compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with **ꝺ** mostly uncial, **n** and **r** mostly minuscule; both forms of **s** are common; minuscule **a** is frequent; **g** in ligature with following **n** or **r** resembles an elongated s; descenders go well below the line. A more pointed and artificial hand, which added the Lorica (foll. 38 ff.), is well on the way to minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/516,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/516,"Script is a rather compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with ꝺ mostly uncial, n and r mostly minuscule; both forms of s are common; minuscule a is frequent; g in ligature with following n or r resembles an elongated s; descenders go well below the line. A more pointed and artificial hand, which added the Lorica (foll. 38 ff.), is well on the way to minuscule.
","Written in England, probably for a woman. Belonged in the tenth century to St Mary's Abbey or 'Nunnaminster', Winchester: on fol. 40v is an added entry in Anglo-Saxon concerning the boundaries of that nunnery. Belonged to a member of the Roscarrock family of Cornwall, whose arms are on fol. 37v. Bought by Robert Harley in 1720 from John Warburton, Somerset Herald.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/516.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/516.jpg 517,222,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,701,900,2,200,"Written in North-east France, in a centre where the 'Corbie' a-b type was the normal script. Belonged to Cardinal Nicolaus Cusanus (1401–64): marginalia in his hand are found on foll. 75v ff. Bequeathed by him to the Hospital of Cues on the Moselle (the ex-libris is on fol. 1).",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum (fragm.); Theodorus Mopsuestenus, Commentarius in Paulum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66305",,"fol. 98 ",,,"Script is a typical a-b minuscule by several hands. On fol. 192 at the end of the text the name 'humfridus' occurs in minuscule, saec. IX or X.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2474. ",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/517,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/517,"Script is a typical a-b minuscule by several hands. On fol. 192 at the end of the text the name 'humfridus' occurs in minuscule, saec. IX or X.
","Written in North-east France, in a centre where the 'Corbie' a-b type was the normal script. Belonged to Cardinal Nicolaus Cusanus (1401–64): marginalia in his hand are found on foll. 75v ff. Bequeathed by him to the Hospital of Cues on the Moselle (the ex-libris is on fol. 1).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2474.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/517.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/517.jpg 518,223,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,701,900,2,201,"Written doubtless in North-east France. Later the MS belonged to S Nazarius, Carcassonne: on fol. 1 in the top margin a thirteenth-century hand entered 'iste lib est ecclesie sci nazarii carc.'",,,,"Augustinus, De civitate Dei (16.8–10, 15–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66306",1460548653-screen-shot-2016-04-13-at-125544.png,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a definite type of pre-Caroline French minuscule practised in the Corbie area and designated by its striking letters **a** and **b**; the upright of **d** goes below the line; **i**-longa is frequent, especially initially, and usually descends below the line; the shaft of **h** tends to lean to the left.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2484. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 183-184",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/518,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/518,"Script is a definite type of pre-Caroline French minuscule practised in the Corbie area and designated by its striking letters a and b; the upright of d goes below the line; i-longa is frequent, especially initially, and usually descends below the line; the shaft of h tends to lean to the left.
","Written doubtless in North-east France. Later the MS belonged to S Nazarius, Carcassonne: on fol. 1 in the top margin a thirteenth-century hand entered 'iste lib est ecclesie sci nazarii carc.'
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2484. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 183-184
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/518.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/518.jpg 519,224,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Uncial",VIII,701,800,2,202a,"Written doubtless in France, probably in the North-east.",,,,"Tractatus Ascetici (Isidorus; Hieronymus, Sententiae Generalis, De Ortu et Obitu Patriarcharum, etc.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66307",,"foll. 5v and 23 ",,http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8629,"Script of foll. 1–8 is an expert, fluent, unmistakably French pre-Caroline minuscule: the characteristic letters are broken **b** and **1** and sickle-shaped **u**; script of the rest of this portion (foll. 8v–78v) is a late but graceful uncial by more than one hand, with occasional minuscule intrusions: **LL** run together. Contemporary corrections in semi-cursive minuscule on foll. 22v, 23, 40v, 41.",,,3,13,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/519,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/519,"Script of foll. 1–8 is an expert, fluent, unmistakably French pre-Caroline minuscule: the characteristic letters are broken b and 1 and sickle-shaped u; script of the rest of this portion (foll. 8v–78v) is a late but graceful uncial by more than one hand, with occasional minuscule intrusions: LL run together. Contemporary corrections in semi-cursive minuscule on foll. 22v, 23, 40v, 41.
","Written doubtless in France, probably in the North-east.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/519.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/519.jpg 520,225,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,202b,"Written doubtless in France, probably in the North-east.",,,,"Vita S Fursei.",Parchment,,,"TM 66308",,"foll. 82v-83",,http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/illuminatedmanuscripts/record.asp?MSID=8629,"Script is an irregular and ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** and **t** are like the forms found in Beneventan; the curved back of **c** and of **e** is often broken; the lower part of **g** is compressed and angular as in Merovingian charters; suprascript **u** is a horizontal flourish. Part of foll. 98v and 99 contains liturgical notes by a somewhat later hand; foll. 99v and 100 contain probationes pennae.",,,3,13,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/520,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/520,"Script is an irregular and ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule: a and t are like the forms found in Beneventan; the curved back of c and of e is often broken; the lower part of g is compressed and angular as in Merovingian charters; suprascript u is a horizontal flourish. Part of foll. 98v and 99 contains liturgical notes by a somewhat later hand; foll. 99v and 100 contain probationes pennae.
","Written doubtless in France, probably in the North-east.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/520.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/520.jpg 521,226,Uncial,VIII,701,800,2,203,"Written either in Italy or France. The archetype was probably a damaged papyrus codex (see e.g. fol. 166), in which moreover S and I looked alike (hence errors like 'aenesdos', 'neicio' for 'aeneidos', 'nescio'). The almost contemporary marginal entry 'deletum est' on fol. 269 seems by a North Italian hand, and the heavy black capitals on foll. 260–272 recall the Wolfenbüttel Isidore (MS 64), of North Italian origin; but the 'abc' probatio pennae on fol. 40 seems French rather than Italian. The glossary is textually related to Laon 444 saec. IX, of the school of Scotus Eriugena. Belonged to Cardinal Nicolaus Cusanus (1401–64): the fifteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1. Bought from a bookseller by Harley in 1723/4 with other Cues MSS.",,,,"Ps.- Cicero, Synonyma; Ps.- Cyrillus Alexandrinus, Glossarium Graeco-Latinum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66309",,"fol. 135v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_5792,"Script is a bold, not very expert uncial: the top of uncial **A**, has a serif to the right, as in Greek uncial; the tail of **G** often ends in a tiny thick stroke turned to the right; the two bows of uncial **M** run together; the third stroke of **N** is sometimes comma-shaped and connects with the second stroke well above the base line, a common feature of late North Italian uncial; the down stroke of **R** often has an added hair line; **T** here and there rises above the line even in mid-word; **Y** is regularly doited and occasionally V-shaped; **FF** and **LL** run together. The Greek uncial in the opposite column is imitative and assimilated to the Latin forms.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII–VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2489a",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/521,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/521,"Script is a bold, not very expert uncial: the top of uncial A, has a serif to the right, as in Greek uncial; the tail of G often ends in a tiny thick stroke turned to the right; the two bows of uncial M run together; the third stroke of N is sometimes comma-shaped and connects with the second stroke well above the base line, a common feature of late North Italian uncial; the down stroke of R often has an added hair line; T here and there rises above the line even in mid-word; Y is regularly doited and occasionally V-shaped; FF and LL run together. The Greek uncial in the opposite column is imitative and assimilated to the Latin forms.
","Written either in Italy or France. The archetype was probably a damaged papyrus codex (see e.g. fol. 166), in which moreover S and I looked alike (hence errors like 'aenesdos', 'neicio' for 'aeneidos', 'nescio'). The almost contemporary marginal entry 'deletum est' on fol. 269 seems by a North Italian hand, and the heavy black capitals on foll. 260–272 recall the Wolfenbüttel Isidore (MS 64), of North Italian origin; but the 'abc' probatio pennae on fol. 40 seems French rather than Italian. The glossary is textually related to Laon 444 saec. IX, of the school of Scotus Eriugena. Belonged to Cardinal Nicolaus Cusanus (1401–64): the fifteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1. Bought from a bookseller by Harley in 1723/4 with other Cues MSS.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII–VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2489a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/521.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/521.jpg 522,227,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,204,"Written in England, probably in some Mercian centre. Was from an early date in the same place as the Prayer Book, London Royal MS 2. A. XX (see CLA [2.215](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/533)).",,,,"Libellus Precum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66310",,"fol. 6v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_7653,"Script is a round, but somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with the letters leaning generally to the left: **d** and **n** are regularly minuscule, and **r** mostly so; **S** is regularly majuscule; the two branches of **Y** curve markedly to the right and the stem to the left. The beginnings of many hymns and prayers are marked by a rune-like sign resembling a dotted **Y**, which seems identical with that entered in the margins of London Royal MS 2. A. XX (CLA [2.215](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/533)). An Anglo-Saxon gloss saec. X is seen on fol. 1.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/522,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/522,"Script is a round, but somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with the letters leaning generally to the left: d and n are regularly minuscule, and r mostly so; S is regularly majuscule; the two branches of Y curve markedly to the right and the stem to the left. The beginnings of many hymns and prayers are marked by a rune-like sign resembling a dotted Y, which seems identical with that entered in the margins of London Royal MS 2. A. XX (CLA 2.215). An Anglo-Saxon gloss saec. X is seen on fol. 1.
","Written in England, probably in some Mercian centre. Was from an early date in the same place as the Prayer Book, London Royal MS 2. A. XX (see CLA 2.215).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/522.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/522.jpg 523,228,Uncial,V,401,500,2,205,"Origin uncertain. Found in the Fayum. Two other leaves, also palimpsest, containing Greek uncial in the lower script are preserved as 4717 (5) A.",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 220486",,"Most legible part of the verso shown",,,"Script is uncial of an old type. The entry in the upper left margin seems to be in half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/523,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/523,"Script is uncial of an old type. The entry in the upper left margin seems to be in half-uncial.
","Origin uncertain. Found in the Fayum. Two other leaves, also palimpsest, containing Greek uncial in the lower script are preserved as 4717 (5) A.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/523.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/523.jpg 524,229,Uncial,V,401,500,2,206,"Origin uncertain, probably some Eastern centre. Found in the Fayum.",3,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 220487",,"Most legible portions shown",,,"Script is a small delicate uncial of the oldest type: **B** extends above the line, **R** below; the hasta of uncial **E** is a fine horizontal in the centre of the bow; the first stroke of uncial **M** is straight, a sign of great antiquity.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/524,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/524,"Script is a small delicate uncial of the oldest type: B extends above the line, R below; the hasta of uncial E is a fine horizontal in the centre of the bow; the first stroke of uncial M is straight, a sign of great antiquity.
","Origin uncertain, probably some Eastern centre. Found in the Fayum.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/524.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/524.jpg 525,230,"Mixed Rustic Capital and Uncial","I med–II med (ca. 100)",51,150,2,207,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1900.",0,,,"Fragmentum de Bellis Macedonicis.",Parchment,"De Bellis Macedonicis fragment.",,"TM 63267",1464848293-p745.png,"Complete fragment shown",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Papyrus_745,"The script is expert and very ancient and the only extant specimen of its kind, combining elements from Rustic capital, uncial, and cursive: **A**, **M**, **U** are Rustic, **B**, **Ꝺ**, **F**, **R** are uncial; **H** has an angular bow; **N** is broad; **q** has the oblique descender of ancient cursive.","☛CLA first-edition date (III) and second-edition date (II) changed to follow J. Mallon, Emerita 16 (1949) 1–8 and S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010) 43–4; added date of acquisition from second edition; added 'only extant specimen of its kind' from second edition. ☛R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini, parte B. Storici latini, 2 Adespota 3 (p. 45–78). ☛P. Oxy. 1 30 ☛Cavenaile, CPL 43. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 14 pl. X.",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/525,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/525,"The script is expert and very ancient and the only extant specimen of its kind, combining elements from Rustic capital, uncial, and cursive: A, M, U are Rustic, B, Ꝺ, F, R are uncial; H has an angular bow; N is broad; q has the oblique descender of ancient cursive.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1900.
","☛CLA first-edition date (III) and second-edition date (II) changed to follow J. Mallon, Emerita 16 (1949) 1–8 and S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010) 43–4; added date of acquisition from second edition; added 'only extant specimen of its kind' from second edition. ☛R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini, parte B. Storici latini, 2 Adespota 3 (p. 45–78). ☛P. Oxy. 1 30 ☛Cavenaile, CPL 43. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 14 pl. X.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/525.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/525.jpg 526,231,"Mixed Half-Uncial",III¹,201,250,2,208,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1903 along with cursive documents of the second, third, and fourth centuries. In the second half of the third century the back of the roll was used to write the Epistle to the Hebrews in Greek uncial (P. Oxy. No. 657), which furnishes a terminus ad quem for the Latin script. Acquired by the British Museum in 1906.",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (37–40, 48–55 epitome, fragm.). ",Papyrus,,,"TM 61429",,"From column V",,,"Script is calligraphic but provincial: **A**, **E**, **G**, **S** are in uncial; **b**, **d**, **r**, **m** are distinctly half-uncial; the bow of **A**, is very pointed; the tail of **G** is barely suggested; the first stroke of **N** often descends below the line; the bows of **P** and **Q** are small and high above the base line.","☛CLA first-edition date (III–IV) changed to follow second edition; first-edition date of Hebrews text (first half of the fourth century) changed to follow second edition. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 33 and 34. ☛Suppl. 208 p.8. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 34, pl. XIX. ☛Cairo, Egyptian Museum PSI 1291.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/526,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526,"Script is calligraphic but provincial: A, E, G, S are in uncial; b, d, r, m are distinctly half-uncial; the bow of A, is very pointed; the tail of G is barely suggested; the first stroke of N often descends below the line; the bows of P and Q are small and high above the base line.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1903 along with cursive documents of the second, third, and fourth centuries. In the second half of the third century the back of the roll was used to write the Epistle to the Hebrews in Greek uncial (P. Oxy. No. 657), which furnishes a terminus ad quem for the Latin script. Acquired by the British Museum in 1906.
","☛CLA first-edition date (III–IV) changed to follow second edition; first-edition date of Hebrews text (first half of the fourth century) changed to follow second edition. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 33 and 34. ☛Suppl. 208 p.8. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 34, pl. XIX. ☛Cairo, Egyptian Museum PSI 1291.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/526.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/526.jpg 527,232,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,2,209,"Origin uncertain and doubtless an imporation: to be compared with CLA [3.294](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/626), which may be part of the same MS. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1914.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus Latina, Gn 5.4–13, 29–31, 6.1–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 62044",,"Image reproduces the entire fragment, both recto and verso",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Papyrus_2052,"The script is a delicately formed early uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is very pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high, that of **F** fine and small; uncial **M** and **N** have forms unlike those found in the oldest Italian uncial; **d** has the half-uncial form in numerals; the ligature **OS** occurs at line-ends. New sections begin with a capital projecting into the margin. A large letter apparently began each column.","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 49.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/527,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/527,"The script is a delicately formed early uncial: the bow of uncial A is very pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high, that of F fine and small; uncial M and N have forms unlike those found in the oldest Italian uncial; d has the half-uncial form in numerals; the ligature OS occurs at line-ends. New sections begin with a capital projecting into the margin. A large letter apparently began each column.
","Origin uncertain and doubtless an imporation: to be compared with CLA 3.294, which may be part of the same MS. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1914.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 49.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/527.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/527.jpg 528,233,"Cursive Half-Uncial",V,401,500,2,210,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1914.",0,,,"Cicero, De imperio Cn. Pompei (60–65, 68–71), In Verrem (2.1.1–4, 2.3.12), Pro Caelio (26–55).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59458",,"Left: pro Caelio 29-32. Right: de Imp. Cn. Pompei 70, 71; in Verrem II. i. I",,http://www.uni-koeln.de/phil-fak/ifa/NRWakademie/papyrologie/Karte/I_049.html,"Script is a very tiny uncalligraphic half-uncial with some cursive elements, e.g. the form of **t** in ligature and suprascript **u** and **a**; otherwise uncial **A**, is used throughout.","☛P. Oxy. 8 1097 + P. Oxy. 10 1251. ☛P. Lond. Lit. 143. ☛P. Köln Gr. 1 49. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 24, 25. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 50 pl. XXVII.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/528,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/528,"Script is a very tiny uncalligraphic half-uncial with some cursive elements, e.g. the form of t in ligature and suprascript u and a; otherwise uncial A, is used throughout.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the British Museum in 1914.
","☛P. Oxy. 8 1097 + P. Oxy. 10 1251. ☛P. Lond. Lit. 143. ☛P. Köln Gr. 1 49. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 24, 25. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 50 pl. XXVII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/528.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/528.jpg 529,234,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,2,211,"Written probably at Byzantium. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Acquired by the British Museum in 1922.",1,,,"Codex Theodosianus (8.8, 9–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 64881",,"Parts of the recto and verso shown",,,"Script is a well-formed, graceful uncial, found in several legal manuscripts and recalling portions of the Florentine Pandects and CLA [2.206](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/524): **B** goes above the line; the bows of **Ꝺ**, **h**, uncial **M**, and **R** are well-rounded and ample, that of uncial **A** is rather shrunk.","☛P. Oxy. 15 1813. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 98.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/529,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/529,"Script is a well-formed, graceful uncial, found in several legal manuscripts and recalling portions of the Florentine Pandects and CLA 2.206: B goes above the line; the bows of Ꝺ, h, uncial M, and R are well-rounded and ample, that of uncial A is rather shrunk.
","Written probably at Byzantium. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Acquired by the British Museum in 1922.
","☛P. Oxy. 15 1813. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 98.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/529.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/529.jpg 530,235,"Rustic Capital",II–III,101,300,2,212,"Written presumably in Egypt. Found at Karanis. Acquired by the British Museum in 1925.",3,,,"Palaemon, Ars Grammatica (fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 63851",,"Lower portion of both columns shown",,,"Script is Rustic capital of an ancient type: **A** has no bar; **D**, **M**, and **N** are broad; **G** and **Q** have a tail from left to right; **F** descends far below the line; **U** is V-shaped; **i**-longa occurs initially. For further details see also under CLA [11.**212](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/331).","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second (adding acquisition date); script changed to add comparandum. ☛Formerly Ann Arbor, USA, Michigan University Library P. 4549 Vo. ☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG) p. 93–143. ☛P. Lond. Lit. 184. ☛P. Mich. 7 429. ☛Wouters, Grammatical papyri 3. ☛ChLA 3 218 Vo. ☛Papyri Vergilianae 22. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 5 pl. III.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/530,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/530,"Script is Rustic capital of an ancient type: A has no bar; D, M, and N are broad; G and Q have a tail from left to right; F descends far below the line; U is V-shaped; i-longa occurs initially. For further details see also under CLA 11.**212.
","Written presumably in Egypt. Found at Karanis. Acquired by the British Museum in 1925.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second (adding acquisition date); script changed to add comparandum. ☛Formerly Ann Arbor, USA, Michigan University Library P. 4549 Vo. ☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG) p. 93–143. ☛P. Lond. Lit. 184. ☛P. Mich. 7 429. ☛Wouters, Grammatical papyri 3. ☛ChLA 3 218 Vo. ☛Papyri Vergilianae 22. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 5 pl. III.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/530.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/530.jpg 531,236,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,213,"Written in England, probably in Northumbria. The text is akin to that of the Lindisfarne Gospels (CLA [2.187](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502)), and the list of Neapolitan feasts found in that MS is also in this: other English MSS betraying South Italian connexion are the Echternach Gospels and St Willibrord's Calendar in Paris (B.N. Lat. 9389 and 10837), and the Burchard Gospels at Würzburg (Mp. Theol. Fol. 68.). On fol. 15v is a vernacular manumission by King Aethelstan ca 925.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Royal Athelstan Gospels.",,"TM 66311",,"fol. 130v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_1_B_VII,"Script is a rather cramped Anglo-Saxon majuscule, with **D** **d**, **N** **n**, **R** **r**, **S** **ꞅ**, **d** and **n** being mostly minuscule, **R** and **S** mostly majuscule; the top of **a** is somewhat flat; the bow of **S** is almost on the line; **Z** resembles recumbent y. Greek letters occur as capitals and in the ornamental line after an initial. Some marginalia in fine minuscule. Neumes occur on fol. 77. In the lection-marks added in the Passion, **+** denotes Christ, **s** other persons, **c** the narrator.","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 28. ☛Gamber, CLLA 406.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/531,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/531,"Script is a rather cramped Anglo-Saxon majuscule, with D d, N n, R r, S ꞅ, d and n being mostly minuscule, R and S mostly majuscule; the top of a is somewhat flat; the bow of S is almost on the line; Z resembles recumbent y. Greek letters occur as capitals and in the ornamental line after an initial. Some marginalia in fine minuscule. Neumes occur on fol. 77. In the lection-marks added in the Passion, + denotes Christ, s other persons, c the narrator.
","Written in England, probably in Northumbria. The text is akin to that of the Lindisfarne Gospels (CLA 2.187), and the list of Neapolitan feasts found in that MS is also in this: other English MSS betraying South Italian connexion are the Echternach Gospels and St Willibrord's Calendar in Paris (B.N. Lat. 9389 and 10837), and the Burchard Gospels at Würzburg (Mp. Theol. Fol. 68.). On fol. 15v is a vernacular manumission by King Aethelstan ca 925.
","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 28. ☛Gamber, CLLA 406.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/531.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/531.jpg 532,237,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,214,"Written in South England in a Mercian or Kentish centre, in the school which produced the Worcester and Oxford MSS mentioned above. Was at St Augustine's Canterbury, certainly by the fourteenth century: on fol. II is the Canterbury shelf-mark. Later belonged to John, Lord Lumley (†1609), whose name is on fol. 1v. The tradition that this MS was one of those sent by Pope Gregory to Augustine, a tradition accepted by Thomas of Elmham, is refuted by the date of the script.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, Act 18–21). ",Parchment,"Canterbury Gospels.",,"TM 66312",,"fol. 14 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_1_E_VI,"Script is a somewhat self-conscious Anglo-Saxon majuscule by at least two hands: striking features are the curious bend in the shafts of **b** and **l**, the form of **a** resembling o joined to an elongated c (a form often found in Mercian or Canterbury charters), and the use of uncial **A**, **B** (especially frequent at line-ends), and even **L** and uncial **M**, which are rarely used in Anglo-Saxon majuscule; of the letters **d**, **n**, **r**, **s**, uncial **ꝺ** is the exception and **d** the rule; **n** and **r** are more often minuscule, **S** more often majuscule; the first upright of **N** regularly descends below the line; **i**-longa occurs here and there; v-shaped **u** is found at or near line-ends, also capital **D**. The MS has several points in common with the Gospel leaves Worcester Add. MS 1 and the Oxford Gospel fragment Bodl. Lat. Bibl. d. 1 (P) (CLA [2.262](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/581), [2.245](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/564)). The leaf in Canterbury contains Jn 11.38–12.34 and follows immediately the actual last leaf (fol. 77) of the London MS.","☛CLA first-edition script commentary changed to follow second edition (adding information about Canterbury leaf).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/532,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/532,"Script is a somewhat self-conscious Anglo-Saxon majuscule by at least two hands: striking features are the curious bend in the shafts of b and l, the form of a resembling o joined to an elongated c (a form often found in Mercian or Canterbury charters), and the use of uncial A, B (especially frequent at line-ends), and even L and uncial M, which are rarely used in Anglo-Saxon majuscule; of the letters d, n, r, s, uncial ꝺ is the exception and d the rule; n and r are more often minuscule, S more often majuscule; the first upright of N regularly descends below the line; i-longa occurs here and there; v-shaped u is found at or near line-ends, also capital D. The MS has several points in common with the Gospel leaves Worcester Add. MS 1 and the Oxford Gospel fragment Bodl. Lat. Bibl. d. 1 (P) (CLA 2.262, 2.245). The leaf in Canterbury contains Jn 11.38–12.34 and follows immediately the actual last leaf (fol. 77) of the London MS.
","Written in South England in a Mercian or Kentish centre, in the school which produced the Worcester and Oxford MSS mentioned above. Was at St Augustine's Canterbury, certainly by the fourteenth century: on fol. II is the Canterbury shelf-mark. Later belonged to John, Lord Lumley (†1609), whose name is on fol. 1v. The tradition that this MS was one of those sent by Pope Gregory to Augustine, a tradition accepted by Thomas of Elmham, is refuted by the date of the script.
","☛CLA first-edition script commentary changed to follow second edition (adding information about Canterbury leaf).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/532.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/532.jpg 533,238,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,215,"Written in England, probably in some Mercian centre, to judge by certain peculiarities of script and by the evidence of the glosses. Comes from the same library as Harley 7653 (CLA [2.204](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/522)). Belonged in the seventeenth century to John Theyer (1597–1673), Cowper's Hill, Gloucester.",,,,"Libellus Precum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66313",,"foll. 11v and 17 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_2_A_XX,"Script is of several types: foll. 1–12 are in a roundish Anglo-Saxon majuscule (recalling the Lindisfarne Gospels) with **d** and **r** mostly minuscule, **N** and **S** mostly majuscule; the rest of the MS is in a stately Anglo-Saxon minuscule with many majuscule elements: both forms of **s** are common, the minuscule form going well below the line; **m** often ends in an elongated curve or flourish; **g** in ligature with **n** or **r** resembles an elongated s; the **et** ligature with the shaft of **t** going straight below the line (a feature observable in Mercian charters) occurs on fol. 50v; the **st** ligature is used on foll. 50, 50v. Headings are in red minuscule. Numerous tenth-century glosses both in Latin and in Anglo-Saxon; the latter are regarded as Mercian. On fol. 52 benedictions and charms saec. XII. A rune-like sign, added in the margin, marks the beginnings of prayers; the same sign in the same ink is found in Harley 7653 (CLA [2.204](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/522)).","☛Gamber, CLLA 170. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/533,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/533,"Script is of several types: foll. 1–12 are in a roundish Anglo-Saxon majuscule (recalling the Lindisfarne Gospels) with d and r mostly minuscule, N and S mostly majuscule; the rest of the MS is in a stately Anglo-Saxon minuscule with many majuscule elements: both forms of s are common, the minuscule form going well below the line; m often ends in an elongated curve or flourish; g in ligature with n or r resembles an elongated s; the et ligature with the shaft of t going straight below the line (a feature observable in Mercian charters) occurs on fol. 50v; the st ligature is used on foll. 50, 50v. Headings are in red minuscule. Numerous tenth-century glosses both in Latin and in Anglo-Saxon; the latter are regarded as Mercian. On fol. 52 benedictions and charms saec. XII. A rune-like sign, added in the margin, marks the beginnings of prayers; the same sign in the same ink is found in Harley 7653 (CLA 2.204).
","Written in England, probably in some Mercian centre, to judge by certain peculiarities of script and by the evidence of the glosses. Comes from the same library as Harley 7653 (CLA 2.204). Belonged in the seventeenth century to John Theyer (1597–1673), Cowper's Hill, Gloucester.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 170.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/533.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/533.jpg 534,239,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,216,"Written doubtless in South England, to judge by the script, and presumably at Winchester. The MS of Ps- Hieronymus in Psalmos in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. X ex., in which the bifolium serves as fly-leaves, is palaeographically related to Royal 2. B. v, which is connected with Winchester. The whole MS belonged to John Theyer (see CLA [2.215](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/533)).",,,,"Felix, Vita S Guthlaci (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66314",,"fol. 107v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_4_A_XIV,"Script is an expert, rather fluent Anglo-Saxon minuscule; occasionally **g** has the form of an elongated, flat-topped 3; the cross-stroke of **t** often extends over the neighbouring letters; **y** has both branches curving to the right; **i**-longa is frequent; descenders mostly go well below the line; there are numerous ligatures (showing a certain influence of Irish cursive writing): **ca**, **co**, **ma**, **na**, **nt**, **ua**, etc. The last three letters in 'finit' on fol. 107v are written in a curious monogram.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/534,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/534,"Script is an expert, rather fluent Anglo-Saxon minuscule; occasionally g has the form of an elongated, flat-topped 3; the cross-stroke of t often extends over the neighbouring letters; y has both branches curving to the right; i-longa is frequent; descenders mostly go well below the line; there are numerous ligatures (showing a certain influence of Irish cursive writing): ca, co, ma, na, nt, ua, etc. The last three letters in 'finit' on fol. 107v are written in a curious monogram.
","Written doubtless in South England, to judge by the script, and presumably at Winchester. The MS of Ps- Hieronymus in Psalmos in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. X ex., in which the bifolium serves as fly-leaves, is palaeographically related to Royal 2. B. v, which is connected with Winchester. The whole MS belonged to John Theyer (see CLA 2.215).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/534.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/534.jpg 535,240,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,2,217,"Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre. Script, punctuation, and size suggest that these leaves come from a manuscript similar to Cambridge Corpus Christi College 197 (CLA [2.125](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/438)), or else are part of that very manuscript. The leaves (and the whole MS) belonged to Cardinal Wolsey (†1530), whose autograph is seen on fol. 2. Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Canones, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66315",,"fol. 3 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_7_C_XII,"Script is a bold and expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **e** has a theta-like form; the Greek letter **Π** is used in the colophon.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 29.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/535,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/535,"Script is a bold and expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule: e has a theta-like form; the Greek letter Π is used in the colophon.
","Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre. Script, punctuation, and size suggest that these leaves come from a manuscript similar to Cambridge Corpus Christi College 197 (CLA 2.125), or else are part of that very manuscript. The leaves (and the whole MS) belonged to Cardinal Wolsey (†1530), whose autograph is seen on fol. 2. Written in England, probably in a Northumbrian centre.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 29.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/535.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/535.jpg 536,241,"Insular Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,218,"Written in all probability in Ireland. Now mounted in a scrap-book of cuttings and fragments collected by the antiquary John Bagford (1650–1716).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.31–32).",Parchment,,,"TM 66316",,"Entire fragment, recto and verso ",,,"Script is a somewhat angular, not very expert majuscule with **d**, **n**, **ꞅ** normally minuscule, **R** regularly majuscule; the letters have a general inclination to the left, and the whole impression is Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon.","☛Text identified by G. Philippart, Anal. Boll. 88 (1970), p. 22.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/536,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/536,"Script is a somewhat angular, not very expert majuscule with d, n, ꞅ normally minuscule, R regularly majuscule; the letters have a general inclination to the left, and the whole impression is Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon.
","Written in all probability in Ireland. Now mounted in a scrap-book of cuttings and fragments collected by the antiquary John Bagford (1650–1716).
","☛Text identified by G. Philippart, Anal. Boll. 88 (1970), p. 22.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/536.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/536.jpg 537,242,"Uncial and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,2,219,"Written doubtless in a French centre, to judge by the script and the decoration. The Sacramentary is of the Gallican type and its text is closely akin to the Missale Gothicum (Rome, Vatic. Regin. Lat. 317, CLA [1.106](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119))—an unmistakable French MS.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66317",,"foll. 2 and 4 ",,,"Script is a rather stiff, careful, late uncial with marked contrast between thick and thin strokes: the bow of **X** is strikingly ornate. The pre-Caroline minuscule used for some portions is distinctly French in character.","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum). ☛Gamber, CLLA 215. ☛Formerly London, private collection Wilfred Merton MS 21. ☛W. J. Anderson, JTS 29 (1928), p. 337–45.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/537,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/537,"Script is a rather stiff, careful, late uncial with marked contrast between thick and thin strokes: the bow of X is strikingly ornate. The pre-Caroline minuscule used for some portions is distinctly French in character.
","Written doubtless in a French centre, to judge by the script and the decoration. The Sacramentary is of the Gallican type and its text is closely akin to the Missale Gothicum (Rome, Vatic. Regin. Lat. 317, CLA 1.106)—an unmistakable French MS.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum). ☛Gamber, CLLA 215. ☛Formerly London, private collection Wilfred Merton MS 21. ☛W. J. Anderson, JTS 29 (1928), p. 337–45.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/537.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/537.jpg 538,243,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,220,"Written presumably in England.",,,,"Beda, Expositio in Lucae Evangelium (6.43–46).",Parchment,,,"TM 66318",,"From the recto ",,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule in which **R** is more frequent than **r** and uncial **ꝺ** is the rule; **g** is flat-topped and elongated and has a somewhat bulging middle; **f**, **r**, and **ꞅ** extend below the line quite as much as **p** and **q**. In the lemmata majuscule **A** and **S** are the rule, and both forms of **d** occur.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly London, Private Collection Wilfred Merton MS 42. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1499.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/538,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/538,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule in which R is more frequent than r and uncial ꝺ is the rule; g is flat-topped and elongated and has a somewhat bulging middle; f, r, and ꞅ extend below the line quite as much as p and q. In the lemmata majuscule A and S are the rule, and both forms of d occur.
","Written presumably in England.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly London, Private Collection Wilfred Merton MS 42. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1499.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/538.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/538.jpg 539,244,Uncial,VII,601,700,2,221,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. The Capitula in this fragment are also found in the Cambridge and Oxford 'Gospels of St Augustine' (CLA [2.126](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/439) and [2.230](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/548)), etc. Acquired in Germany from a dealer.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Capitula in Mc 1–4, 8–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 66319",,"From the verso ",,,"Script is a strong, not very regular uncial of a later type: **Y** is V-shaped; **Ꝺ** is made of three strokes, the form often resembling **O** with a stem above, recalling Paris Lat. 12205 (Regula Patrum, etc.) and the Oxford Gospels of St Augustine (CLA [2.230](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/548)); the bow of **R** is low and almost touches the base line; **LL** run together.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) changed to follow second edition; first-edition provenance (France) changed to follow second edition; first-edition script description (French type) changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/539,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/539,"Script is a strong, not very regular uncial of a later type: Y is V-shaped; Ꝺ is made of three strokes, the form often resembling O with a stem above, recalling Paris Lat. 12205 (Regula Patrum, etc.) and the Oxford Gospels of St Augustine (CLA 2.230); the bow of R is low and almost touches the base line; LL run together.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. The Capitula in this fragment are also found in the Cambridge and Oxford 'Gospels of St Augustine' (CLA 2.126 and 2.230), etc. Acquired in Germany from a dealer.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) changed to follow second edition; first-edition provenance (France) changed to follow second edition; first-edition script description (French type) changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/539.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/539.jpg 540,245,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,222,"Written in the Germanic area around Lake Constance, probably in some centre with Anglo-Saxon connexions, as early corrections go to show. Belonged to the monastery of Murbach, whence probably it originated: on fol. 203v stands the familiar fifteenth-century entry 'Orate pro domino bartolomeo abbate Murbacensi'. Later in the possession of G. Libri, who sold it in 1859. Came to the John Rylands from the library of the Earl of Crawford.",,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66320",,"fol. 83v ",,,"Script is an early minuscule with some cursive elements of a type written in the area of Lake Constance: open **a** prevails; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left; **t** has mostly the cursive form; **z** has the tall Germanic form with full-blown bows for the first and last strokes; numerous ligatures are used, **nt** occurring even in mid-word. Corrections by an Anglo-Saxon hand are seen on foll. 107 and 194v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2678.",,3,11,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/540,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/540,"Script is an early minuscule with some cursive elements of a type written in the area of Lake Constance: open a prevails; the shaft of h often bends to the left; t has mostly the cursive form; z has the tall Germanic form with full-blown bows for the first and last strokes; numerous ligatures are used, nt occurring even in mid-word. Corrections by an Anglo-Saxon hand are seen on foll. 107 and 194v.
","Written in the Germanic area around Lake Constance, probably in some centre with Anglo-Saxon connexions, as early corrections go to show. Belonged to the monastery of Murbach, whence probably it originated: on fol. 203v stands the familiar fifteenth-century entry 'Orate pro domino bartolomeo abbate Murbacensi'. Later in the possession of G. Libri, who sold it in 1859. Came to the John Rylands from the library of the Earl of Crawford.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2678.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/540.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/540.jpg 541,246,"Rustic Capital",I,1,99,2,223,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.",0,,,"Sallustius, Bellum Iugurthinum (31.7).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62690",,"Entire Latin text shown ",,,"Script is a bold, handsome Rustic capital with strong contrast between thin and thick strokes. Letter **U** approaches the uncial form—normally a feature of the later stage of Rustic capital. On the verso are found the ends of two lines in Greek cursive which experts assign to the fourth or fifth century.","☛CLA first-edition and Seider date (IV) and CLA second-edition date (III) changed to follow P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998) 367 n. 44 and G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), p. 206. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 30. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 22 pl. XIII. ☛R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini. B.1.2. Caius Sallustius Crispus p. 63–72.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/541,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/541,"Script is a bold, handsome Rustic capital with strong contrast between thin and thick strokes. Letter U approaches the uncial form—normally a feature of the later stage of Rustic capital. On the verso are found the ends of two lines in Greek cursive which experts assign to the fourth or fifth century.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.
","☛CLA first-edition and Seider date (IV) and CLA second-edition date (III) changed to follow P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998) 367 n. 44 and G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), p. 206. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 30. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 22 pl. XIII. ☛R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini. B.1.2. Caius Sallustius Crispus p. 63–72.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/541.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/541.jpg 542,247,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,2,224,"Found in Egypt, where it was probably written, manifestly as a school textbook.",3,,,"Cicero, In Catilinam (2.14–15), cum versione Graeca.",Papyrus,,,"TM 316150",,"From the front of the leaf (here the 'verso', in the sense that the writing runs across the fibres)",,http://enriqueta.man.ac.uk/luna/servlet/s/w81jby,"Script is an early example of half-uncial, with **H** showing the capital form, uncial **E**, **L**, and **S** the uncial forms. The date of the Latin uncial is confirmed by the date which experts assign to the Greek.","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛D. Internullo, Papyrologica Lupiensia 20–21 (2011–12), p. 79–94. ☛P. Ryl. Gr. 1 61. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 22.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/542,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/542,"Script is an early example of half-uncial, with H showing the capital form, uncial E, L, and S the uncial forms. The date of the Latin uncial is confirmed by the date which experts assign to the Greek.
","Found in Egypt, where it was probably written, manifestly as a school textbook.
","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛D. Internullo, Papyrologica Lupiensia 20–21 (2011–12), p. 79–94. ☛P. Ryl. Gr. 1 61. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 22.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/542.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/542.jpg 543,248,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,2,225,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum.",0,,,"Chronicon Graeco-Latinum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64583",,"Recto and verso of the entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is an early variety of half-uncial: the upright of **R** descends strikingly below the line; **U** is cup-shaped. Experts assign the Greek to the end of the fourth or beginning of the fifth century.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 91. ",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/543,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/543,"Script is an early variety of half-uncial: the upright of R descends strikingly below the line; U is cup-shaped. Experts assign the Greek to the end of the fourth or beginning of the fifth century.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 91.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/543.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/543.jpg 544,249,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,2,226,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1920.",0,,,"Cicero, Divinatio in Q. Caecilium (33–37, 44–46), cum versione Graeca et scholiis Graecis et Latinis.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59459",,"fol. 2v ",,http://enriqueta.man.ac.uk/luna/servlet/s/u0q01u,"Script is a well-developed half-uncial except for uncial **A**, which is uncial with bow long and flattened. Marginalia both in Greek and in Latin, including a Greek rendering of Cicero's text; the Latin marginalia are in a sloping half-uncial with cursive elements.","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛Seider, Paläographie. II.1 no. 48, pl. XXVII.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/544,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/544,"Script is a well-developed half-uncial except for uncial A, which is uncial with bow long and flattened. Marginalia both in Greek and in Latin, including a Greek rendering of Cicero's text; the Latin marginalia are in a sloping half-uncial with cursive elements.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1920.
","☛CLA first-edition date (V) changed to follow second edition. ☛Seider, Paläographie. II.1 no. 48, pl. XXVII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/544.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/544.jpg 545,250,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,2,227,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1920. See CLA [3.367](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/705).",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.235–43, 247–61, 270–74, 406–14, 418–26, 633–40, 702–7, 711–19), cum versione Graeca.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62954",,"From the verso of 476b (I. 645-650)",,http://enriqueta.man.ac.uk/luna/servlet/s/ag75qs,"An accent marking long quantity is seen on our plate (croceō). Script is an early example of half-uncial, with uncial **A** and **G** showing the uncial form; **r** is half-uncial and square shouldered; the foot of **l** descends obliquely below the line; the Latin letters **N**, **O**, **P**, and **T** conform to the Greek norm. Experts assign the Greek uncial to the third or early fourth century. See also CLA [10.227](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/151). ","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding acquisition date). ☛P. Mil. 1.1 1 (Daris, Sergio). ☛L. Koenen, ZPE 11 (1973), p. 219–230 no. 3. ☛M. Fressura, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 77–97. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5a. ☛P. Mil. 1 1 (Calderini, Aristide). ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/545,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/545,"An accent marking long quantity is seen on our plate (croceō). Script is an early example of half-uncial, with uncial A and G showing the uncial form; r is half-uncial and square shouldered; the foot of l descends obliquely below the line; the Latin letters N, O, P, and T conform to the Greek norm. Experts assign the Greek uncial to the third or early fourth century. See also CLA 10.227.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus or in the Fayum. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1920. See CLA 3.367.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding acquisition date). ☛P. Mil. 1.1 1 (Daris, Sergio). ☛L. Koenen, ZPE 11 (1973), p. 219–230 no. 3. ☛M. Fressura, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 77–97. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5a. ☛P. Mil. 1 1 (Calderini, Aristide). ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/545.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/545.jpg 546,251,"Mixed Rustic Capital",II¹,101,150,2,228,"Origin doubtless Egypt. Provenance Oxyrhynchus.",3,,,"Litterae Commendaticiae.",Papyrus,,,"TM 25160",1460725966-screen-shot-2016-04-15-at-142133.png,"Entirety of the letter shown",,http://aquila.zaw.uni-heidelberg.de/tm/25160,"Script is a mixture of Rustic capital and early cursive, not without some elegance: **A** has a tiny third stroke parallel to the first; **Ꝺ** and uncial **E** have the cursive forms which are the forerunners of the uncial; the tail of **G** is small and does not go below the line; **H** has two forms; **M** and **N** are capital; **Q**, **R**, and **S** are cursive, the tail of **Q** having the characteristic sweep from left to right; **U** is always V-shaped; the whole script inclines to the left. The apex is used to mark long quantity. Points occur after most words.","☛CLA first-edition date (II) changed to follow second edition. ☛ChLA 4, p. 42. ☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine, IX.",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/546,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/546,"Script is a mixture of Rustic capital and early cursive, not without some elegance: A has a tiny third stroke parallel to the first; Ꝺ and uncial E have the cursive forms which are the forerunners of the uncial; the tail of G is small and does not go below the line; H has two forms; M and N are capital; Q, R, and S are cursive, the tail of Q having the characteristic sweep from left to right; U is always V-shaped; the whole script inclines to the left. The apex is used to mark long quantity. Points occur after most words.
","Origin doubtless Egypt. Provenance Oxyrhynchus.
","☛CLA first-edition date (II) changed to follow second edition. ☛ChLA 4, p. 42. ☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine, IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/546.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/546.jpg 547,252,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,229,"Written in England. Bodleian leaf belonged to Thomas Allen of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, who presented many manuscripts to the Bodleian Library in 1601. The whole MS is a miscellany of very mixed contents, the main part forming what is now the Bodleian Carol Book.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66292",,"fol. 34 ",,,"Script is a somewhat awkward Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a late type with a distinct Celtic flavour. The last lines on a page are in large minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/547,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/547,"Script is a somewhat awkward Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a late type with a distinct Celtic flavour. The last lines on a page are in large minuscule.
","Written in England. Bodleian leaf belonged to Thomas Allen of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, who presented many manuscripts to the Bodleian Library in 1601. The whole MS is a miscellany of very mixed contents, the main part forming what is now the Bodleian Carol Book.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/547.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/547.jpg 548,253,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,2,230,"Written probably in Italy: its text of the Gospels is closely related to X, a pure Italian MS (see CLA [2.126](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/439)). Early marginalia show that the MS was in England by the end of the eighth century. Evidence for earlier connection with England is lacking. The marginal liturgical entry in Anglo-Saxon script on fol. 149v refers to St Chad, so the MS may have been at Lichfield. A fly-leaf (not part of the main MS) contains a number of names, among them 'Bealdƿuine abbas', which may mean Baldwin, abbot of Bury St Edmunds, who died in 1098. Presented to the Bodleian in 1603 by Sir Robert Cotton.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 4.14–fin., Mc, Lc, Io 1–21.15).",Parchment,"Gospels of St Augustine. Codex Oxoniensis. (O)",,"TM 66321",,"fol. 32v ",,,"Script not very expert; noteworthy are the forms of **ꝺ** and **h**; the bow of uncial **A**, is often very small. Unusual is the little monogram for Marcus in the margin where the parallel passages are given: it is strikingly like the one in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 286 (see CLA [2.126](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/439)). Liturgical marginalia in contemporary sloping letters. Insular corrections and additions saec. VIII–IX. Some passages have neumes. Gospels begin with the invocation 'Christe fave' found also in the Amiatinus (see CLA 2 p. XV).","☛CLA first-edition date (VII med–VIII med) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 32. ☛Formerly Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Bodley 857. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 53.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/548,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/548,"Script not very expert; noteworthy are the forms of ꝺ and h; the bow of uncial A, is often very small. Unusual is the little monogram for Marcus in the margin where the parallel passages are given: it is strikingly like the one in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 286 (see CLA 2.126). Liturgical marginalia in contemporary sloping letters. Insular corrections and additions saec. VIII–IX. Some passages have neumes. Gospels begin with the invocation 'Christe fave' found also in the Amiatinus (see CLA 2 p. XV).
","Written probably in Italy: its text of the Gospels is closely related to X, a pure Italian MS (see CLA 2.126). Early marginalia show that the MS was in England by the end of the eighth century. Evidence for earlier connection with England is lacking. The marginal liturgical entry in Anglo-Saxon script on fol. 149v refers to St Chad, so the MS may have been at Lichfield. A fly-leaf (not part of the main MS) contains a number of names, among them 'Bealdƿuine abbas', which may mean Baldwin, abbot of Bury St Edmunds, who died in 1098. Presented to the Bodleian in 1603 by Sir Robert Cotton.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII med–VIII med) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 32. ☛Formerly Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Bodley 857. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 53.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/548.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/548.jpg 549,254,"Irish Majuscule","VIII–IX (ante 822)",701,821,2,231,"Written, in part, by Mac Regol, who is identified as the 'scribe and bishop' who was abbot of Birr (†822): 'Macregol dipincxit hoc evangelium : quicumque legerit . . . orat pro macreguil scriptori' (fol. 169v). The MS came to the monastery of Harewood in England at latest in the tenth century, as appears from the glosses. In 1665 the MS was in the hands of John Rushworth, Deputy Clerk of the House of Commons, who presented it to the Bodleian.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc, Mc, Mt, Io).",Parchment,"Gospels of Mac Regol. Codex Rushworthianus. (R)",,"TM 66322",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Written by two scribes. The script is a stately, but not expert example of late Irish majuscule, with **ꝺ**, **d** (at or near line-ends often a **δ**-shaped form), and **N** **n**, **R** **r**, **S** **ꞅ**; **n**, **R** and **S** prevail; one form of **y** has both branches curving to the right. The Greek letter **Π** occurs. Anglo-Saxon glosses saec. X were interlinearly added throughout the volume; some drawings near run-overs are also later additions.","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 33. ☛Formerly Oxford, Bodleian Library Arch. Bodl. 24. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 59.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/549,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/549,"Written by two scribes. The script is a stately, but not expert example of late Irish majuscule, with ꝺ, d (at or near line-ends often a δ-shaped form), and N n, R r, S ꞅ; n, R and S prevail; one form of y has both branches curving to the right. The Greek letter Π occurs. Anglo-Saxon glosses saec. X were interlinearly added throughout the volume; some drawings near run-overs are also later additions.
","Written, in part, by Mac Regol, who is identified as the 'scribe and bishop' who was abbot of Birr (†822): 'Macregol dipincxit hoc evangelium : quicumque legerit . . . orat pro macreguil scriptori' (fol. 169v). The MS came to the monastery of Harewood in England at latest in the tenth century, as appears from the glosses. In 1665 the MS was in the hands of John Rushworth, Deputy Clerk of the House of Commons, who presented it to the Bodleian.
","☛McGurk Gospel books no. 33. ☛Formerly Oxford, Bodleian Library Arch. Bodl. 24. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 59.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/549.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/549.jpg 550,255,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,232,"Written no doubt in Ireland, where the MS still was in the eleventh or twelfth century when it was used for rewriting.",,,,"Liturgica (Antiphonarium Celticum).",Parchment,,,"TM 66323",,"From the opening of the conjugate folios 54v - 65 (Isaias XXXIII. I)",,,"Script is a bold calligraphic Irish majuscule. Text mostly illegible, but the stately character of the script, and the traces of large decorative initials at short intervals (about three on a page) suggest collects; and, in fact, the decipherable text on foll. 56v to 63 is identical with the collect entitled 'Super hominem qui habet diabulum' found on fol. 30v of the Bangor Antiphonary (CLA [3.311](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/648)), and only slightly different from the text of the 'Ordo baptismi' on fol. 47 of the Stowe Missal (CLA [2.268](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/587)).","☛Gamber, CLLA 158.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/550,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/550,"Script is a bold calligraphic Irish majuscule. Text mostly illegible, but the stately character of the script, and the traces of large decorative initials at short intervals (about three on a page) suggest collects; and, in fact, the decipherable text on foll. 56v to 63 is identical with the collect entitled 'Super hominem qui habet diabulum' found on fol. 30v of the Bangor Antiphonary (CLA 3.311), and only slightly different from the text of the 'Ordo baptismi' on fol. 47 of the Stowe Missal (CLA 2.268).
","Written no doubt in Ireland, where the MS still was in the eleventh or twelfth century when it was used for rewriting.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 158.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/550.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/550.jpg 551,256,Uncial,"V med (post 435 vel 442)",436,475,2,233a,"Written doubtless in Italy. Was in France at least as early as saec. XIV. Owned by Jean du Tillet, Bishop of Meaux (†1570). Passed to the Jesuit College of Clermont at Paris, then to Gerard Meerman of the Hague. Bought for the Bodleian in 1824.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66324",,"fol. 121 ",,,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type, very expert and graceful. Contemporary marginalia and corrections in sloping b-d uncial by a highly skilful hand, which supplied the entire fol. 145.","☛F. Troncarelli, Scrittura e Civiltà 12 (1988), p. 71–5, argues MS was in Cassiodorus' library at Vivarium. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 17](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/028_tav017.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/551,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/551,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type, very expert and graceful. Contemporary marginalia and corrections in sloping b-d uncial by a highly skilful hand, which supplied the entire fol. 145.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Was in France at least as early as saec. XIV. Owned by Jean du Tillet, Bishop of Meaux (†1570). Passed to the Jesuit College of Clermont at Paris, then to Gerard Meerman of the Hague. Bought for the Bodleian in 1824.
","☛F. Troncarelli, Scrittura e Civiltà 12 (1988), p. 71–5, argues MS was in Cassiodorus' library at Vivarium. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 17.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/551.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/551.jpg 552,257,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,2,233b,"Written doubtless in Italy.",3,,,"Marcellinus, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66325",,"fol. 146 ",,,"Script small, not very regular uncial with **FF** and **LL** running together. Heading in Rustic capital in the ink of text in the upper margin; the first line of text in red. Some marginalia in crude contemporary uncial and half-uncial (foll. 149v, 153v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/552,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/552,"Script small, not very regular uncial with FF and LL running together. Heading in Rustic capital in the ink of text in the upper margin; the first line of text in red. Some marginalia in crude contemporary uncial and half-uncial (foll. 149v, 153v).
","Written doubtless in Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/552.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/552.jpg 553,258,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,234,"Written in England, probably in some Wessex centre, to judge by resemblance to the British Museum Cotton Charter VIII. 36. Was certainly at Canterbury in the fourteenth century: on the front fly-leaf (fol. IVv) 'Di. III. G IIII. Liber sancti Augustini Canterburiensis' (saec. XIV). Presented to the Bodleian by Sir Walter Cope in 1602.",,,,"Philippus, Expositio in Iob (1–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66326",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a bold, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with several cursive elements; noteworthy features are the elongated top strokes of **g** and **ꞇ**; the bow of **p** and the final stroke of **m** at word-ends have a tiny extra stroke; suprascript sickle-shaped **u** occurs; the **ri** ligature has a short tail. The first page and some initial lines are in slender Anglo-Saxon majuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/553,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/553,"Script is a bold, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with several cursive elements; noteworthy features are the elongated top strokes of g and ꞇ; the bow of p and the final stroke of m at word-ends have a tiny extra stroke; suprascript sickle-shaped u occurs; the ri ligature has a short tail. The first page and some initial lines are in slender Anglo-Saxon majuscule.
","Written in England, probably in some Wessex centre, to judge by resemblance to the British Museum Cotton Charter VIII. 36. Was certainly at Canterbury in the fourteenth century: on the front fly-leaf (fol. IVv) 'Di. III. G IIII. Liber sancti Augustini Canterburiensis' (saec. XIV). Presented to the Bodleian by Sir Walter Cope in 1602.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/553.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/553.jpg 554,259,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,235,"Written in England, most likely in Northumbria, in a centre like Jarrow or Wearmouth. Presented to the Bodleian by Sir Walter Cope in 1602. A direct copy was made of this MS in Durham in the twelfth century and is now Harley 4688 in London.",,,,"Beda, In Proverbia Salomonis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66327",,"fol. 29 ",,,"Script is a rather pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **c** is regularly tall, the bow of **p** has a distinct tag so that it resembles uncial R. The uncial has strong resemblance to the 'Capitula' type used in the Northumbrian bibles of the time of Ceolfrid (see CLA [2.260](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579)). Interlinear glosses in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX–X.","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding Harley copy). ☛Gneuss no. 819. ☛M. Parkes, The scriptorium of Wearmouth-Jarrow pp. 12–3. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 56.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/554,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/554,"Script is a rather pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: c is regularly tall, the bow of p has a distinct tag so that it resembles uncial R. The uncial has strong resemblance to the 'Capitula' type used in the Northumbrian bibles of the time of Ceolfrid (see CLA 2.260). Interlinear glosses in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX–X.
","Written in England, most likely in Northumbria, in a centre like Jarrow or Wearmouth. Presented to the Bodleian by Sir Walter Cope in 1602. A direct copy was made of this MS in Durham in the twelfth century and is now Harley 4688 in London.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding Harley copy). ☛Gneuss no. 819. ☛M. Parkes, The scriptorium of Wearmouth-Jarrow pp. 12–3. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 56.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/554.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/554.jpg 555,260,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,236,"Written in Northern France. Can be identified with a MS in the old catalogue of Corbie. Was in the collection of Matteo Luigi Canonici, the Venetian Jesuit (1727–1805), the greater part of whose collection was acquired by the Bodleian in 1817.",,,,"Ps- Athanasius, De Trinitate; Potamius, Opus Incertum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66328",,"Both specimens shown from fol. II ",,,"Script is a regular, rather stiff Caroline minuscule of North French type. In the uncial rubrics the first stroke of **N** descends below the line and the cross-stroke is almost horizontal. Marginalia and corrections throughout the MS in the Corbie a-b type. Some Notae Tironianae.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3792.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/555,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/555,"Script is a regular, rather stiff Caroline minuscule of North French type. In the uncial rubrics the first stroke of N descends below the line and the cross-stroke is almost horizontal. Marginalia and corrections throughout the MS in the Corbie a-b type. Some Notae Tironianae.
","Written in Northern France. Can be identified with a MS in the old catalogue of Corbie. Was in the collection of Matteo Luigi Canonici, the Venetian Jesuit (1727–1805), the greater part of whose collection was acquired by the Bodleian in 1817.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3792.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/555.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/555.jpg 556,261,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,2,237,"Written certainly in some centre with Insular traditions and probably in England, as script, corrections, and manner of pricking show. Belonged to George Mason (saec. XVI), John Blaxton (saec. XVI), Walter Clavell (ca. 1700), Joseph Ames (1682–1759), Mark Tutet, Samuel Tyssen, and lastly Francis Douce (1757–1834).",,,,"Primasius, In Apocalypsim.",Parchment,"Douce Primasius.",,"TM 66329",,"fol. 59v ",,,"Script is a curious imitation of French half-uncial verging on minuscule by scribes accustomed to the Insular manner of using the pen: **Y** has the characteristic Insular form; **i**-longa occurs. Corrections and marginalia by various eighth- and ninth-century Anglo-Saxon hands, one using cursive minuscule with the flat-topped Ᵹ-shaped **g** and the peculiar **e** with the lower bow reversed, which recalls marginalia in the Codex Fuldensis (Fulda Bonif. 1) and in Leningrad Q. v. I. 15. New sections are usually preceded by a paragraph-mark shaped like **Y**, often altered by the corrector to **K**. Some glosses in ninth- or tenth-century minuscule with Insular elements, which may be the same hand as the notes in Auct. F. IV. 32 in Oxford (teste N. R. Ker).","☛CLA first-edition script commentary changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum from Ker). ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 55.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/556,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/556,"Script is a curious imitation of French half-uncial verging on minuscule by scribes accustomed to the Insular manner of using the pen: Y has the characteristic Insular form; i-longa occurs. Corrections and marginalia by various eighth- and ninth-century Anglo-Saxon hands, one using cursive minuscule with the flat-topped Ᵹ-shaped g and the peculiar e with the lower bow reversed, which recalls marginalia in the Codex Fuldensis (Fulda Bonif. 1) and in Leningrad Q. v. I. 15. New sections are usually preceded by a paragraph-mark shaped like Y, often altered by the corrector to K. Some glosses in ninth- or tenth-century minuscule with Insular elements, which may be the same hand as the notes in Auct. F. IV. 32 in Oxford (teste N. R. Ker).
","Written certainly in some centre with Insular traditions and probably in England, as script, corrections, and manner of pricking show. Belonged to George Mason (saec. XVI), John Blaxton (saec. XVI), Walter Clavell (ca. 1700), Joseph Ames (1682–1759), Mark Tutet, Samuel Tyssen, and lastly Francis Douce (1757–1834).
","☛CLA first-edition script commentary changed to follow second edition (adding comparandum from Ker). ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 55.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/556.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/556.jpg 557,262,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,238,"Written in North-east France or possibly Cologne, as script and ornamentation in the type developed by the nuns of Chelles suggest; the MS has close affinity with the group of three MSS of St Augustine (Cologne, Dombibliothek 63, 65, 67) written by nuns for Hildebald, Archbishop of Cologne (785–819). Belonged to St Faron, Meaux, till the French Revolution, then to Gosselin, later to Remusat, at whose sale it was bought by Messrs Payne, the London booksellers, in 1833.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelistarium (Lc, Mc, Mt, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66330",,"fol. 62 ",,,"Every sentence begins with a capital framed in red. Headings of lessons in alternating red and green uncial. Parchment well prepared. The minuscule seems fairly well-advanced Caroline; the uncial is of a definite North-eastern French type, with the first vertical stroke of **N** inclined to the right, the second to the left. On foll. 127 and 127v are additions saec. IX–X.","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding reference to Chelles). ☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 3795. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1135.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/557,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/557,"Every sentence begins with a capital framed in red. Headings of lessons in alternating red and green uncial. Parchment well prepared. The minuscule seems fairly well-advanced Caroline; the uncial is of a definite North-eastern French type, with the first vertical stroke of N inclined to the right, the second to the left. On foll. 127 and 127v are additions saec. IX–X.
","Written in North-east France or possibly Cologne, as script and ornamentation in the type developed by the nuns of Chelles suggest; the MS has close affinity with the group of three MSS of St Augustine (Cologne, Dombibliothek 63, 65, 67) written by nuns for Hildebald, Archbishop of Cologne (785–819). Belonged to St Faron, Meaux, till the French Revolution, then to Gosselin, later to Remusat, at whose sale it was bought by Messrs Payne, the London booksellers, in 1833.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance changed to follow second edition (adding reference to Chelles). ☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 3795. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1135.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/557.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/557.jpg 558,263,"French Pre-Caroline Minuscule b-type",VIII²,751,800,2,239,"Written in Chelles, doubtless in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)). The leaves were removed from the binding of an early printed book, Douce 306, containing Vincent of Beauvais, Speculum Historiale from the press of Johannes Mentelin, Strasbourg 1473.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66331",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline type, the immediate precursor of the so-called Corbie a-b. Characteristic letters are the open **b** with a tag to the right, and the **a**, which is either suprascript or has the first stroke high above the line; uncial **N** used here and there has the cross-stroke curved so that the letter resembles M. The form of **N** used in the uncial rubric is that typical of the group represented by Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)). The capital **M** in titles has the curious feature that the third stroke descends below the second, which is another peculiarity of this group.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (East or North-east France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 850.",,3,13,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/558,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/558,"Script is a pre-Caroline type, the immediate precursor of the so-called Corbie a-b. Characteristic letters are the open b with a tag to the right, and the a, which is either suprascript or has the first stroke high above the line; uncial N used here and there has the cross-stroke curved so that the letter resembles M. The form of N used in the uncial rubric is that typical of the group represented by Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105). The capital M in titles has the curious feature that the third stroke descends below the second, which is another peculiarity of this group.
","Written in Chelles, doubtless in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105). The leaves were removed from the binding of an early printed book, Douce 306, containing Vincent of Beauvais, Speculum Historiale from the press of Johannes Mentelin, Strasbourg 1473.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (East or North-east France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 850.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/558.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/558.jpg 559,264,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,2,240,"Written in England, probably at Canterbury: the back fly-leaf, fol. 77, appears to be in Canterbury minuscule saec. XI. Belonged to Christopher, Lord Hatton (†1670). Bought by the Bodleian from Robert Scott in 1671.",,,,"Regula S Benedicti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66332",,"fol. 60v ",,,"Script is an expert bold uncial, with the shaded portion of letters accentuated; the bow of uncial **A** is artificially ornamental; the tail of **G** is finished by a thick triangle; the upper bow of **B** is small; **T** at line-ends sometimes rises above the head-line. Many ligatures at line-ends. Numerous corrections in contemporary smaller uncial; two and a half lines in Anglo-Saxon script (saec. IX) on fol. 49v. Some added neumes occur on fol. 44v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/559,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/559,"Script is an expert bold uncial, with the shaded portion of letters accentuated; the bow of uncial A is artificially ornamental; the tail of G is finished by a thick triangle; the upper bow of B is small; T at line-ends sometimes rises above the head-line. Many ligatures at line-ends. Numerous corrections in contemporary smaller uncial; two and a half lines in Anglo-Saxon script (saec. IX) on fol. 49v. Some added neumes occur on fol. 44v.
","Written in England, probably at Canterbury: the back fly-leaf, fol. 77, appears to be in Canterbury minuscule saec. XI. Belonged to Christopher, Lord Hatton (†1670). Bought by the Bodleian from Robert Scott in 1671.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/559.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/559.jpg 560,265,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,241,"Written in England, probably in the same Mercian centre that produced the biblical MS Salisbury Cathedral Library 117 (see CLA [2.259](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/578)), to judge by graphic features which the two have in common. The MS probably belonged to Worcester: on fol. 41v is a twelfth-century copy of a letter written from the monastery of St Mary's, Worcester, to Reinaldus, abbot of Evesham.",,,,"De Officio Missae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66333",,"foll. 2 and 28 ",,,"Script is an expert, rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some cursive features; **l** very often descends below the line, also **i**-longa; descenders go well below the line; ligatures are freely used, even **st**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/560,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/560,"Script is an expert, rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some cursive features; l very often descends below the line, also i-longa; descenders go well below the line; ligatures are freely used, even st.
","Written in England, probably in the same Mercian centre that produced the biblical MS Salisbury Cathedral Library 117 (see CLA 2.259), to judge by graphic features which the two have in common. The MS probably belonged to Worcester: on fol. 41v is a twelfth-century copy of a letter written from the monastery of St Mary's, Worcester, to Reinaldus, abbot of Evesham.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/560.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/560.jpg 561,266,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,242,"Written manifestly in the Germanic area, in a centre under Insular influence. On fol. 2: 'Sum Boxhorni' refers to the Leiden scholar M. Z. Boxhorn (1612–53), who owned thirteen Murbach MSS. Later in the possession of Francis Junius (1589–1677), who published parts of it. Came into the Bodleian in 1678.",,,,"Aethicus, Cosmographia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66334",,"fol. 14 ",,,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule with some Insular elements (form of **g**, high **e** in ligature); on certain pages the scribe allows a number of uncial and half-uncial forms to slip into his text, namely **B**, **Ꝺ**, **G**, **L**, **R**; open a prevails; the club-shaped tall shafts of ascenders are noteworthy. Early corrections in crude pre-Caroline minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3799. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1670. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 725",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/561,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/561,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule with some Insular elements (form of g, high e in ligature); on certain pages the scribe allows a number of uncial and half-uncial forms to slip into his text, namely B, Ꝺ, G, L, R; open a prevails; the club-shaped tall shafts of ascenders are noteworthy. Early corrections in crude pre-Caroline minuscule.
","Written manifestly in the Germanic area, in a centre under Insular influence. On fol. 2: 'Sum Boxhorni' refers to the Leiden scholar M. Z. Boxhorn (1612–53), who owned thirteen Murbach MSS. Later in the possession of Francis Junius (1589–1677), who published parts of it. Came into the Bodleian in 1678.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3799. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1670. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 725
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/561.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/561.jpg 562,267,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,243,"Written in a Germanic centre in the region of Lake Constance. Provenance Murbach: 'Legentes in hoc libro orent pro reverendo domino Bartholomeo de Andolo cuius industria pene dilapssus renouatus est anno MCCCCLXI' (fol. 103v). Later belonged to Boxhorn (1612–53) and to Francis Junius (1589–1677).",,,,"Glossarium Latino-Teutonicum.",Parchment,"Junius B.",,"TM 66335",,"fol. 91v ",,,"Script is a German type of early minuscule with some cursive elements: several hands; suprascript **a** in ligature; subscript **i** in **mi**, **ni**; the most striking letter is a tall **z**, which occurs frequently in the Teutonic words.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3801. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 725.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/562,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/562,"Script is a German type of early minuscule with some cursive elements: several hands; suprascript a in ligature; subscript i in mi, ni; the most striking letter is a tall z, which occurs frequently in the Teutonic words.
","Written in a Germanic centre in the region of Lake Constance. Provenance Murbach: 'Legentes in hoc libro orent pro reverendo domino Bartholomeo de Andolo cuius industria pene dilapssus renouatus est anno MCCCCLXI' (fol. 103v). Later belonged to Boxhorn (1612–53) and to Francis Junius (1589–1677).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3801. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 725.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/562.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/562.jpg 563,268,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,2,244,"Written in England, probably at Canterbury. Used in the binding of the eleventh-century MS of Johannes Diaconus, Vita S Gregorii, now MS Bodley 381 [2202], which came from St Augustine's, Canterbury, as the familiar fourteenth-century ex-libris on the verso of this leaf shows. Presented to the Bodleian by Thomas Alien of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, in 1601.",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Act 18.27–21.12).",Parchment,"Canterbury Gospels.",,"TM 66312",,"From the verso ",,,"Script is an artificial type of Anglo-Saxon majuscule; the tops of upright strokes are often split and there is a general distortion of simple strokes. **R** and **S** are mostly majuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/563,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/563,"Script is an artificial type of Anglo-Saxon majuscule; the tops of upright strokes are often split and there is a general distortion of simple strokes. R and S are mostly majuscule.
","Written in England, probably at Canterbury. Used in the binding of the eleventh-century MS of Johannes Diaconus, Vita S Gregorii, now MS Bodley 381 [2202], which came from St Augustine's, Canterbury, as the familiar fourteenth-century ex-libris on the verso of this leaf shows. Presented to the Bodleian by Thomas Alien of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, in 1601.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/563.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/563.jpg 564,269,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,245,"Written in England, doubtless in the scriptorium which produced Worcester Add. MS 1, which may, in fact, be a part of the same MS (see CLA [2.262](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/581)). Given to the Bodleian in May 1891 by the Vicar and Churchwardens of Dymock, Gloucester, where it formed part of the binding of a parish register.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io 16.26–17.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 66336",,"From the recto ",,,"Script is a careful Anglo-Saxon majuscule with a decided uncial flavour, recalling the Canterbury Gospels, London Royal MS I. E. vi (CLA [2.214](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/532)): uncial **A** found even in mid-word; the uncial form of **R** occurs regularly, of **S** usually; uncial **B** and capital **D** occur here and there; **d** and **n** are usually half-uncial.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 34.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/564,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/564,"Script is a careful Anglo-Saxon majuscule with a decided uncial flavour, recalling the Canterbury Gospels, London Royal MS I. E. vi (CLA 2.214): uncial A found even in mid-word; the uncial form of R occurs regularly, of S usually; uncial B and capital D occur here and there; d and n are usually half-uncial.
","Written in England, doubtless in the scriptorium which produced Worcester Add. MS 1, which may, in fact, be a part of the same MS (see CLA 2.262). Given to the Bodleian in May 1891 by the Vicar and Churchwardens of Dymock, Gloucester, where it formed part of the binding of a parish register.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 34.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/564.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/564.jpg 565,270,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,2,246,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.",0,,,"Sallustius, Bellum Catilinarium (6.2.6–7).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62693",,"From the verso ",,,"Script shows an early stage of half-uncial, with letters varying greatly in size and yet producing a calligraphic effect. There is a tendency to inflate the bows of round letters and to compress the vowels. Very striking are the angular shapes of **m** and **r**, also seen in the Vienna and Berlin leaves of De Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501) and [10.**1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)) and in other legal fragments.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 32. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 40, pl. XXII.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/565,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/565,"Script shows an early stage of half-uncial, with letters varying greatly in size and yet producing a calligraphic effect. There is a tendency to inflate the bows of round letters and to compress the vowels. Very striking are the angular shapes of m and r, also seen in the Vienna and Berlin leaves of De Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042 and 10.**1042) and in other legal fragments.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 32. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 40, pl. XXII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/565.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/565.jpg 566,271,"b-d Uncial",IV,301,400,2,247,"Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the Bodleian in 1923.",,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (1.5.7–6.1).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61430",1460543391-screen-shot-2016-04-13-at-112907.png,"Entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is a curious, well-formed type of uncial in which **b** and **d** have the half-uncial form; **R** is in the transition stage; **S** recalls the form in the Livy Epitome (see CLA [2.208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526)), of which it seems to be a further development; the bow of uncial **A** is pointed.","☛CLA first-edition date (IV–V) changed to follow second edition; first-edition script changed to follow second edition (adding 'further development' comment). ☛R. Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 36, pl. XX. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 35.",,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/566,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/566,"Script is a curious, well-formed type of uncial in which b and d have the half-uncial form; R is in the transition stage; S recalls the form in the Livy Epitome (see CLA 2.208), of which it seems to be a further development; the bow of uncial A is pointed.
","Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Acquired by the Bodleian in 1923.
","☛CLA first-edition date (IV–V) changed to follow second edition; first-edition script changed to follow second edition (adding 'further development' comment). ☛R. Seider, Paläographie II.1 no. 36, pl. XX. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/566.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/566.jpg 567,272,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,2,248,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Anteiustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 62723",,"Recto and verso of the entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is a sloping early half-uncial with only **b**, **d**, **m**, and **r** showing the half-uncial forms; the forms of **E** and **O** are distinctly compressed; the base of **L** extends horizontally below the line; the oblique stroke of **N** is fine, as in Greek uncial; **m** and **r** are angular and recall the forms found in the Vienna and Berlin leaves of the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 86. ☛Pauli sententiarum fragmentum Leidense, Studia Gaiana 4.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/567,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567,"Script is a sloping early half-uncial with only b, d, m, and r showing the half-uncial forms; the forms of E and O are distinctly compressed; the base of L extends horizontally below the line; the oblique stroke of N is fine, as in Greek uncial; m and r are angular and recall the forms found in the Vienna and Berlin leaves of the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 86. ☛Pauli sententiarum fragmentum Leidense, Studia Gaiana 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/567.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/567.jpg 568,273,"Cursive Capital",III,201,300,2,249,"Found at Batn-Harît in the Fayûm, Egypt. Origin uncertain. The verso was used for writing a Greek cursive text, ca. saec. III med. The Berlin fragment, recognized by Seymour de Ricci as a membrum disiectum to the Oxford part was removed to Russia after 1945; no facsimile is known to exist.",,,,"Ulpianus, Ad Edictum (45, fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62938",,"Recto and verso of the entire fragment shown ",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/00226/,"Script is rapid and expert: letters have a decided slope to the right; some are capitals, some have the forms assumed later by the uncial type; **b** alone has the half-uncial form; many ligatures. See also under CLA [12.**249](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1971).","☛CLA first-edition date (II–III) changed to follow second edition. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 71.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/568,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/568,"Script is rapid and expert: letters have a decided slope to the right; some are capitals, some have the forms assumed later by the uncial type; b alone has the half-uncial form; many ligatures. See also under CLA 12.**249.
","Found at Batn-Harît in the Fayûm, Egypt. Origin uncertain. The verso was used for writing a Greek cursive text, ca. saec. III med. The Berlin fragment, recognized by Seymour de Ricci as a membrum disiectum to the Oxford part was removed to Russia after 1945; no facsimile is known to exist.
","☛CLA first-edition date (II–III) changed to follow second edition. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 71.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/568.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/568.jpg 569,274,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,2,250,"Written probably in North Italy. The MS belonged to Count Donato Silva of the Milanese family of Silva (saec. XVII), and to Ricardo Heredia (Comte de Benakaris). Bought by the Bodleian from Quaritch in 1891.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (in Genesim, fragm.); Ps- Beda, Commentarius in Pentateuchum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66337",,"fol. 176 ",,,"Script is by two distinct hands, neither very calligraphic: ligatures of **ae**, **ri**, **te**, **ti** occur; specially remarkable is the use of a ligature of uncial **R** after a letter with a bow; the cursive ligature **cc** occurs often in 'ecclesia'; **g** has a compressed half-uncial form; **l** is often broken; **z** is 2-shaped as in the MS of Canons, Verona 61 (59) saec. VII–VIII.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3812. ☛M. Gorman, Revue bénédictine 106 (1996), p. 79–83.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/569,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/569,"Script is by two distinct hands, neither very calligraphic: ligatures of ae, ri, te, ti occur; specially remarkable is the use of a ligature of uncial R after a letter with a bow; the cursive ligature cc occurs often in 'ecclesia'; g has a compressed half-uncial form; l is often broken; z is 2-shaped as in the MS of Canons, Verona 61 (59) saec. VII–VIII.
","Written probably in North Italy. The MS belonged to Count Donato Silva of the Milanese family of Silva (saec. XVII), and to Ricardo Heredia (Comte de Benakaris). Bought by the Bodleian from Quaritch in 1891.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3812. ☛M. Gorman, Revue bénédictine 106 (1996), p. 79–83.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/569.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/569.jpg 570,275,b-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,2,251,"Written probably in Sardinia (cf. Greek edict on fol. 221v). The next clear association is with Gamundum (i.e. Hornbach in the Palatinate)—on fol. 220v, written with a stylus in uncial (saec. VIII or IX), are the words: 'MARIAE UIRG. GAMUNDUM'. Bede, in his commentary on Acts, uses a text in remarkable agreement with this unique MS, but it should be noted that no marginalia in Anglo-Saxon script occur. Given to the Bodleian by Archbishop Laud, who presumably acquired it from the Continent. It may be the 'Actus Apostolorum' at the head of the list of books entered in MS Laud. Misc. 126 (see next plate in CLA), which relates probably to a Würzburg library.",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Vetus Latina, Act Latino-Graece).",Parchment,"Codex Laudianus. (E)",,"TM 61729",1460551090-screen-shot-2016-04-13-at-133618.png,"fol. 10v ",http://viewer.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/icv/page.php?book=ms._laud_gr._35&page=98,http://viewer.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/icv/page.php?book=ms._laud_gr._35,"Script is a curious type of uncial in which, however, the letter **b** is invariably half-uncial. The Latin is influenced by the Greek: the letters uncial **A**, **C**, uncial **E**, **N**, **O**, and **P** in the Latin generally follow the Greek norm; **T** and **Y** are more distinctly Latin in form, **Y** being V-shaped. Two small corrections made in Rustic capital of an old type (foll. 84, 92v). Various entries in Greek at the end, including part of an edict of Flavius Pancratius dux Sardiniae. On fol. 220v is a form of the Apostles' Creed in Latin in uncial saec. VIII.","☛CLA first-edition date (VI) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3812a. ☛Nestle-Aland E 08. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften I Freiburg 1999 p. 77.",,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/570,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/570,"Script is a curious type of uncial in which, however, the letter b is invariably half-uncial. The Latin is influenced by the Greek: the letters uncial A, C, uncial E, N, O, and P in the Latin generally follow the Greek norm; T and Y are more distinctly Latin in form, Y being V-shaped. Two small corrections made in Rustic capital of an old type (foll. 84, 92v). Various entries in Greek at the end, including part of an edict of Flavius Pancratius dux Sardiniae. On fol. 220v is a form of the Apostles' Creed in Latin in uncial saec. VIII.
","Written probably in Sardinia (cf. Greek edict on fol. 221v). The next clear association is with Gamundum (i.e. Hornbach in the Palatinate)—on fol. 220v, written with a stylus in uncial (saec. VIII or IX), are the words: 'MARIAE UIRG. GAMUNDUM'. Bede, in his commentary on Acts, uses a text in remarkable agreement with this unique MS, but it should be noted that no marginalia in Anglo-Saxon script occur. Given to the Bodleian by Archbishop Laud, who presumably acquired it from the Continent. It may be the 'Actus Apostolorum' at the head of the list of books entered in MS Laud. Misc. 126 (see next plate in CLA), which relates probably to a Würzburg library.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VI) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3812a. ☛Nestle-Aland E 08. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften I Freiburg 1999 p. 77.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/570.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/570.jpg 571,276,"Uncial and Half-Uncial","VIII med",726,775,2,252,"Origin North France, doubtless Chelles. The peculiar uncial and the decoration connect this MS with the group represented by the famous Sacramentary, Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)). On fol. 1 is added in Anglo-Saxon script saec. VIII–IX Charlemagne's Letter to Abbot Baugulf of Fulda, and on fol. 260 a library catalogue, perhaps of Würzburg (see CLA plate). Belonged to St Kilian's of Würzburg certainly by the ninth century, as is shown by the entry on fol. 1v ('. . . faciat eum sancto Kiliano restitui'). The same page has the Würzburg ex-libris saec. XIII. Acquired by Archbishop Laud before 1638.",,48.8775,2.5902,"Augustinus, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 66338",,"foll. 96v and 260 ",,http://bodley30.bodley.ox.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/s/g7en67,"Both uncial and half-uncial are used, the scripts changing with each new quire. Both are of a distinct type connected with North-eastern France; the decoration points to the same region. **Ꝺ** sometimes resembles an O surmounted by a stem curving to the left; occasionally the two bows of uncial **M** rise branch-like above the line; the second upright of **N** often leans to the left; in the half-uncial portions **C** has the uncial form: descenders usually end in a fine hair-line. Some corrections saec. XIII.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (North or Northeastern France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3832a. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), pp. 239–250. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 270",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/571,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/571,"Both uncial and half-uncial are used, the scripts changing with each new quire. Both are of a distinct type connected with North-eastern France; the decoration points to the same region. Ꝺ sometimes resembles an O surmounted by a stem curving to the left; occasionally the two bows of uncial M rise branch-like above the line; the second upright of N often leans to the left; in the half-uncial portions C has the uncial form: descenders usually end in a fine hair-line. Some corrections saec. XIII.
","Origin North France, doubtless Chelles. The peculiar uncial and the decoration connect this MS with the group represented by the famous Sacramentary, Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105). On fol. 1 is added in Anglo-Saxon script saec. VIII–IX Charlemagne's Letter to Abbot Baugulf of Fulda, and on fol. 260 a library catalogue, perhaps of Würzburg (see CLA plate). Belonged to St Kilian's of Würzburg certainly by the ninth century, as is shown by the entry on fol. 1v ('. . . faciat eum sancto Kiliano restitui'). The same page has the Würzburg ex-libris saec. XIII. Acquired by Archbishop Laud before 1638.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (North or Northeastern France) changed to follow second edition. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3832a. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), pp. 239–250. ☛F. Römer Die Handschriftliche überlieferung II/2 Österr. Akad. Veröff. Corpus Latein. Kirchenväter IV (1972) p. 270
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/571.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/571.jpg 572,277,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,2,253,"Origin most likely Central Italy. The MS early came to S Denis: ex-libris saec. IX and XIII are to be seen on foll. 1 and 201v; a fifteenth-century shelf-mark appears on fol. 1.",0,,,"Ambrosius Autpertus, Commentarius in Apocalypsim.",Parchment,,,"TM 66339",,"fol. 82v ",,"http://bodley30.bodley.ox.ac.uk:8180/luna/servlet/view/search?q=Shelfmark=%22MS.%20Laud%20Misc.%20464%22&sort=Shelfmark,sort_order","Script is early Caroline minuscule by different hands; the two forms of **a** and **d** are used; the lower bow of **g** is rather big; the **ae** cedilla is 6-shaped; **ri** ligature is frequent. Corrections occur in expert minuscule and in mixed script. Notae Tironianae occur. Some names are scratched with dry point on fol. 2, others written on fol. 201. Alphabets, as probationes pennae, found on fol. 201v.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/572,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/572,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by different hands; the two forms of a and d are used; the lower bow of g is rather big; the ae cedilla is 6-shaped; ri ligature is frequent. Corrections occur in expert minuscule and in mixed script. Notae Tironianae occur. Some names are scratched with dry point on fol. 2, others written on fol. 201. Alphabets, as probationes pennae, found on fol. 201v.
","Origin most likely Central Italy. The MS early came to S Denis: ex-libris saec. IX and XIII are to be seen on foll. 1 and 201v; a fifteenth-century shelf-mark appears on fol. 1.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (origin uncertain) changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/572.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/572.jpg 573,278,Uncial,VII,601,700,2,254,"Fragment of a leaf in two columns used to strengthen the binding of a MS of Johannes Maxentius in German minuscule saec. IX from Würzburg.",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66340",1460552474-screen-shot-2016-04-13-at-140036.png,"From the verso ",,,"Script seems to be a bold, well-formed uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/573,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/573,"Script seems to be a bold, well-formed uncial.
","Fragment of a leaf in two columns used to strengthen the binding of a MS of Johannes Maxentius in German minuscule saec. IX from Würzburg.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/573.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/573.jpg 574,279,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,2,255,"Written apparently in Italy, in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 11326 (Prosper's Epigrammata, CLA [5.609](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/981)). Was at Fleury near Orléans at least as early as saec. IX, perhaps even from its foundation in 651. The erased ex-libris was entered round the margins of the last page of every quire. Belonged to Christophe Justel (†1649). Presented to the Bodleian by his son Henri in 1675.",3,,,Canones.,Parchment,,,"TM 66341",,"From e Mus. 100, fol. 25v ",,,"Script is an expert, graceful uncial, but not of the oldest type; **LL** run together not infrequently.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF920–923.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/574,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/574,"Script is an expert, graceful uncial, but not of the oldest type; LL run together not infrequently.
","Written apparently in Italy, in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 11326 (Prosper's Epigrammata, CLA 5.609). Was at Fleury near Orléans at least as early as saec. IX, perhaps even from its foundation in 651. The erased ex-libris was entered round the margins of the last page of every quire. Belonged to Christophe Justel (†1649). Presented to the Bodleian by his son Henri in 1675.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF920–923.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/574.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/574.jpg 575,280,"Insular Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,256,"Written doubtless in Ireland.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 1–24.47, Io 1.14–6.54, 7.1, 21.16).",Parchment,"Rawlinson Gospels.",,"TM 66342",,"fol. 83v ",,,"Script is a bold Irish majuscule: **d** is regularly half-uncial; **N**, **R**, **S** are usually uncial; **Y** has two forms. The letters after an initial or capital are often larger than the ordinary, and only gradually approach the normal size. Some corrections and additions by contemporary and later Insular hands.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 35. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 60.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/575,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/575,"Script is a bold Irish majuscule: d is regularly half-uncial; N, R, S are usually uncial; Y has two forms. The letters after an initial or capital are often larger than the ordinary, and only gradually approach the normal size. Some corrections and additions by contemporary and later Insular hands.
","Written doubtless in Ireland.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 35. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 60.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/575.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/575.jpg 576,281,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,2,257,"Written in England, probably in a Kentish centre, to judge by the script. Belonged to St Augustine's, Canterbury: the old shelfmark (saec. XIV) appears on fol. 1; the MS is recorded in the oldest catalogue. May have come there from Minster Abbey, Thanet. Apparently once in the possession of a nunnery (cf. prayers added on page 70, originally left blank); the letters EADB and +E+ cut with a stylus on page 47 may refer to Eadburga, Abbess of Minster (†751).",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Act).",Parchment,,,"TM 66343",,"page 47 ",,,"Script is an artificial uncial of the type practised in England; written by two different scribes, the first more expert and calligraphic. Half-uncial **ꞅ** frequent at line-ends and even in mid-line; is in ligature by the second hand resembles **y**. The pointed bow of uncial **A** with the hair-line recalls the uncial type found in London Cotton Vespasian A. I. (CLA [2.193](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/508)). The forms of capital **A** used by the second hand are striking (cf. page 73). Neumes occur.","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 54.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/576,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/576,"Script is an artificial uncial of the type practised in England; written by two different scribes, the first more expert and calligraphic. Half-uncial ꞅ frequent at line-ends and even in mid-line; is in ligature by the second hand resembles y. The pointed bow of uncial A with the hair-line recalls the uncial type found in London Cotton Vespasian A. I. (CLA 2.193). The forms of capital A used by the second hand are striking (cf. page 73). Neumes occur.
","Written in England, probably in a Kentish centre, to judge by the script. Belonged to St Augustine's, Canterbury: the old shelfmark (saec. XIV) appears on fol. 1; the MS is recorded in the oldest catalogue. May have come there from Minster Abbey, Thanet. Apparently once in the possession of a nunnery (cf. prayers added on page 70, originally left blank); the letters EADB and +E+ cut with a stylus on page 47 may refer to Eadburga, Abbess of Minster (†751).
","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 54.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/576.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/576.jpg 577,282,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,2,258,"Written in England, probably in Northumbria. Used as fly-leaves to a manuscript of Seneca, Tragoediae X in fourteenth-century Italian Gothic.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 8.13–50).",Parchment,,,"TM 66344",,"fol. 165 ",,,"Script is a well-formed, bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule. Uncial **Ꝺ**, **N**, **R**, **S** occur: **R** invariably uncial, **Ꝺ** now uncial, now minuscule, **N**, **S** only occasionally minuscule; uncial **A** also occurs, but only at line-ends.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Oxford, Lincoln College 92 (foll. 165–166). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 36.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/577,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/577,"Script is a well-formed, bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule. Uncial Ꝺ, N, R, S occur: R invariably uncial, Ꝺ now uncial, now minuscule, N, S only occasionally minuscule; uncial A also occurs, but only at line-ends.
","Written in England, probably in Northumbria. Used as fly-leaves to a manuscript of Seneca, Tragoediae X in fourteenth-century Italian Gothic.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Oxford, Lincoln College 92 (foll. 165–166). ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 36.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/577.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/577.jpg 578,283,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,259,"Written in a Mercian or South English centre. All the leaves doubtless came from Salisbury, where they were used as fly-leaves: the top of the recto of one of the Cheltenham leaves has the a thirteenth- or fourteenth-century ex libris. The Oxford leaf formerly formed fol. 105 of MS Bodl. 516, which also came from Salisbury.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Nm, Dt, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66345",,"Salisbury 117, fol. 163v","Salisbury, Cathedral Library 117 (foll. 163–4)",,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by at least two scribes: descenders strike boldly below the line; **l** regularly descends below the line even in mid-word; cross-stroke of **t** often extends unattached from the right of the stem; small horizontal strokes slope upwards to the right. The MS has several features in common with Oxford Bodl. Hatton 93 (CLA [2.241](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/560)).","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36183. ☛Formerly Geneva, Fondation Bodmer without number. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/578,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/578,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by at least two scribes: descenders strike boldly below the line; l regularly descends below the line even in mid-word; cross-stroke of t often extends unattached from the right of the stem; small horizontal strokes slope upwards to the right. The MS has several features in common with Oxford Bodl. Hatton 93 (CLA 2.241).
","Written in a Mercian or South English centre. All the leaves doubtless came from Salisbury, where they were used as fly-leaves: the top of the recto of one of the Cheltenham leaves has the a thirteenth- or fourteenth-century ex libris. The Oxford leaf formerly formed fol. 105 of MS Bodl. 516, which also came from Salisbury.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36183. ☛Formerly Geneva, Fondation Bodmer without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/578.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/578.jpg 579,284,Uncial,"VII ex–VIII in",690,725,2,260,"Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, in the centre which produced the Codex Amiatinus, during the abbacy of Ceolfrid (690–716). Found in the tomb of St Cuthbert when it was opened in 1105. Whether the MS actually belonged to St Cuthbert or, as some say, to Bede cannot now be determined. Recent scholarship, in rejecting the manuscript's traditional link with Dr Thomas Lee (alias Sir Thomas Leigh), designate Thomas Allen of Oxford as a former owner on evidence found in Rawlinson D. 280. A later owner, the Earl of Lichfield, gave it to Thomas Phillips, priest, who presented it to the English Jesuit fathers at Liège in 1769, whence it migrated with the fathers to England. Text cognate with that of Amiatinus and Δ-group (see CLA [2.148c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/463)).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io).",Parchment,"Gospel of St Cuthbert. Stonyhurst Gospel. (S)",,"TM 66346",,"foll. 28v-29 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_89000,"Script is a graceful and characteristic uncial found in the Ceolfrid Bible (Codex Amiatinus) and in the Gospel fragment attached to the Utrecht Psalter—a type apparently reserved in both MSS for the Capitula; our scribe seems identical with the Capitula hand in the Utrecht leaves. As a type it is less stately and more natural than the script used for the main text of the Amiatinus, the characteristic letters being **G** with the straight shaded tail and **N** with the three strokes of the same thickness and the cross-stroke beginning well below the head-line; **i**-longa initially occurs here and there; the forward-leaning form of **S** conjoined to the preceding letter is seen at line-ends; the capital form of **Q** is found in the beginning of sentences and clauses. A cross made of four points occurs in the margin of foll. 20v, 27, 28v, 51 to mark the Liturgical lessons, apparently a Northumbrian usage (cf. CLA [2.150](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/465)). The tooled leather binding is considered to be contemporary.","CLA first-edition provenance (The MS fell into the hands of the Lee family during the suppression of the monasteries under Henry VIII, and one of them, the third Earl of Lichfield, gave it to Thomas Phillips, priest, who presented it to the English Jesuit fathers at Liége in 1769) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Clitheroe, Stoneyhurst College Library without number. ☛Gneuss, no. 756. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 37. ☛B. van Regemorter, 'La reliure des manuscrits du S. Cuthbert et de S. Boniface' [Scriptorium 3 (1949) 45–51](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1949_num_3_1_2188).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/579,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579,"Script is a graceful and characteristic uncial found in the Ceolfrid Bible (Codex Amiatinus) and in the Gospel fragment attached to the Utrecht Psalter—a type apparently reserved in both MSS for the Capitula; our scribe seems identical with the Capitula hand in the Utrecht leaves. As a type it is less stately and more natural than the script used for the main text of the Amiatinus, the characteristic letters being G with the straight shaded tail and N with the three strokes of the same thickness and the cross-stroke beginning well below the head-line; i-longa initially occurs here and there; the forward-leaning form of S conjoined to the preceding letter is seen at line-ends; the capital form of Q is found in the beginning of sentences and clauses. A cross made of four points occurs in the margin of foll. 20v, 27, 28v, 51 to mark the Liturgical lessons, apparently a Northumbrian usage (cf. CLA 2.150). The tooled leather binding is considered to be contemporary.
","Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth, in the centre which produced the Codex Amiatinus, during the abbacy of Ceolfrid (690–716). Found in the tomb of St Cuthbert when it was opened in 1105. Whether the MS actually belonged to St Cuthbert or, as some say, to Bede cannot now be determined. Recent scholarship, in rejecting the manuscript's traditional link with Dr Thomas Lee (alias Sir Thomas Leigh), designate Thomas Allen of Oxford as a former owner on evidence found in Rawlinson D. 280. A later owner, the Earl of Lichfield, gave it to Thomas Phillips, priest, who presented it to the English Jesuit fathers at Liège in 1769, whence it migrated with the fathers to England. Text cognate with that of Amiatinus and Δ-group (see CLA 2.148c).
","CLA first-edition provenance (The MS fell into the hands of the Lee family during the suppression of the monasteries under Henry VIII, and one of them, the third Earl of Lichfield, gave it to Thomas Phillips, priest, who presented it to the English Jesuit fathers at Liége in 1769) changed to follow second edition. ☛Formerly Clitheroe, Stoneyhurst College Library without number. ☛Gneuss, no. 756. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 37. ☛B. van Regemorter, 'La reliure des manuscrits du S. Cuthbert et de S. Boniface' Scriptorium 3 (1949) 45–51.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/579.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/579.jpg 580,285,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,2,261,"Origin uncertain, but the probability is that the MS was written in some French centre.",0,,,"Basilius-Rufinus, Homilia in Psalmum 1.",Parchment,,,"TM 66347",,"fol. 3v ",,,"The script is an ungainly, debased uncial: the bow of uncial **A** has a curious hairline extending downwards, the lower bow of **B** extends considerably beyond the upper; **F** and **P** go well below the line; the tail of **G** is a sinuous flourish; the second bow of uncial **M** is mostly closed; the second upright of **N** descends below the line; **Y** is usually dotted; half-uncial **r** and **ꞅ** are used at line-ends to save space.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/580,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/580,"The script is an ungainly, debased uncial: the bow of uncial A has a curious hairline extending downwards, the lower bow of B extends considerably beyond the upper; F and P go well below the line; the tail of G is a sinuous flourish; the second bow of uncial M is mostly closed; the second upright of N descends below the line; Y is usually dotted; half-uncial r and ꞅ are used at line-ends to save space.
","Origin uncertain, but the probability is that the MS was written in some French centre.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/580.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/580.jpg 581,286,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,262,"Written in England, in the same scriptorium as Oxford, Bodl. Lat. Bibl. d. i (P), CLA [2.245](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/564), and may be part of the same MS. Formerly in the bindings of the Worcester MSS F. 93, a set of sermons saec. XII in., and Register 1, now A. 4 in the Library.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 28.5–fin., Mc Capitula, 10.26–42). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66348",,"foll. 2v and 3",,,"Script of the text is an expert, but somewhat artificial, majuscule with more than the usual number of uncial elements, recalling in this respect the Canterbury Gospels (CLA [2.214](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/532)): Uncial **A**, **B**, **Ꝺ** occur only here and there; **N**, **R**, **S** are the rule. Occasionally capital **D** is employed. The cross-bar of **N** is almost on the base-line and the two verticals have a tendency to lean towards each other. The ligature **Æ** is made up of the uncial **A** and the capital form of **E**. The minuscule used in the Capitula is somewhat angular: it has two forms of **a** and **s**; the shoulder of **r** descends to the line so that **r** and **n** could be confused in some cases. There are some corrections in stiff capitals.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/581,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/581,"Script of the text is an expert, but somewhat artificial, majuscule with more than the usual number of uncial elements, recalling in this respect the Canterbury Gospels (CLA 2.214): Uncial A, B, Ꝺ occur only here and there; N, R, S are the rule. Occasionally capital D is employed. The cross-bar of N is almost on the base-line and the two verticals have a tendency to lean towards each other. The ligature Æ is made up of the uncial A and the capital form of E. The minuscule used in the Capitula is somewhat angular: it has two forms of a and s; the shoulder of r descends to the line so that r and n could be confused in some cases. There are some corrections in stiff capitals.
","Written in England, in the same scriptorium as Oxford, Bodl. Lat. Bibl. d. i (P), CLA 2.245, and may be part of the same MS. Formerly in the bindings of the Worcester MSS F. 93, a set of sermons saec. XII in., and Register 1, now A. 4 in the Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/581.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/581.jpg 582,287,Uncial,VII,601,700,2,263,"Written evidently in Spain, in any case in a centre with Spanish traditions. Formerly in the binding of the Worcester MS. F. 30, Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico saec. XII ex.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Matthaeum (23–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66349",,"page 6 ",,,"Script is a rather bold, but not very disciplined, uncial. The letters **C**, **F**, **G**, **L**, **S** have often a small fork-shaped finial (not unlike the Cambridge Iuvencus, CLA [2.127](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/440)). Descenders are rather longish (also a Spanish symptom); **LL** run together.","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Written probably in Spain) changed to follow second edition.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/582,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/582,"Script is a rather bold, but not very disciplined, uncial. The letters C, F, G, L, S have often a small fork-shaped finial (not unlike the Cambridge Iuvencus, CLA 2.127). Descenders are rather longish (also a Spanish symptom); LL run together.
","Written evidently in Spain, in any case in a centre with Spanish traditions. Formerly in the binding of the Worcester MS. F. 30, Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico saec. XII ex.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance (Written probably in Spain) changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/582.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/582.jpg 583,288,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,2,264,"Written in England. Comes from the binding of Worcester MS F. 163, a finely illuminated thirteenth-century Psalter.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66350",,"fol. 3v ",,,"Script is a well-developed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, without strict alignment of letters. The scribe uses two forms of **D**, **N**, **R**, **S**, preferring the uncial form of **Ꝺ**, **R**, **S**, and the minuscule form of **n**. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/583,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/583,"Script is a well-developed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, without strict alignment of letters. The scribe uses two forms of D, N, R, S, preferring the uncial form of Ꝺ, R, S, and the minuscule form of n. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII.
","Written in England. Comes from the binding of Worcester MS F. 163, a finely illuminated thirteenth-century Psalter.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/583.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/583.jpg 584,289,Uncial,VIII,701,800,2,265,"Written in England. Apparently used later as a cover or binding.",,,,"Paterius, De Expositione Veteris et Novi Testamenti (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66351",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is an awkward, imitative uncial by a hand not accustomed to this type of writing; the bow of uncial **A** is a horizontal oval raised above the line; the cross-stroke of **N** curves upward beyond the second upright; at line-ends uncial **M** has the triple-arched form found also in the Anglo-Saxon MSS Durham A. II. 10, A. II. 17, London Cotton Nero D. IV (CLA [2.147](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/460), [2.149](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/464), [2.187](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/502)), and others.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/584,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/584,"Script is an awkward, imitative uncial by a hand not accustomed to this type of writing; the bow of uncial A is a horizontal oval raised above the line; the cross-stroke of N curves upward beyond the second upright; at line-ends uncial M has the triple-arched form found also in the Anglo-Saxon MSS Durham A. II. 10, A. II. 17, London Cotton Nero D. IV (CLA 2.147, 2.149, 2.187), and others.
","Written in England. Apparently used later as a cover or binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/584.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/584.jpg 585,290,"Early Irish Majuscule","VII¹ ",601,650,2,266,"Written in Ireland and traditionally identified with a copy made by St Columba (†597) without permission, from a book lent him by St Finnian, which gave rise to disputes ending in the battle of Cúl Dreimhne (561). This story is discredited by historians, but the early date for the MS is palaeographically possible. Its cumdach or shrine was made between 1062 and 1098. The shrine was taken into battle to ensure victory, hence the name Cathach, 'battler'. Taken by Irish refugees to France; was in Paris until 1802; the cumdach was opened and the book discovered in 1813. Deposited in 1842 in the Royal Irish Academy by Sir Richard O'Donnell, to whose family it belongs.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Ps 30.10–105.13).",Parchment,"Cathach of St Columba.",,"TM 66352",,"foll. 32v and 36 ",,,"Script represents an early stage of Irish majuscule: typically Irish is the triangular top of all downstrokes and the low hasta of **F**; **S** is mostly uncial and is peculiar in having its three strokes unjoined; uncial **Ꝺ**, **N**, **R** occur, **b** fairly frequently, **N** and **R** rarely; **a** is flat-topped; **g** recalls ancient fifth-century models; **z** descends below the line, grotesque and sprawling. A few ligatures occur: **aec**, **eter**, **fi**.","☛CLA first-edition date (VI²) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 130.",,1,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/585,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/585,"Script represents an early stage of Irish majuscule: typically Irish is the triangular top of all downstrokes and the low hasta of F; S is mostly uncial and is peculiar in having its three strokes unjoined; uncial Ꝺ, N, R occur, b fairly frequently, N and R rarely; a is flat-topped; g recalls ancient fifth-century models; z descends below the line, grotesque and sprawling. A few ligatures occur: aec, eter, fi.
","Written in Ireland and traditionally identified with a copy made by St Columba (†597) without permission, from a book lent him by St Finnian, which gave rise to disputes ending in the battle of Cúl Dreimhne (561). This story is discredited by historians, but the early date for the MS is palaeographically possible. Its cumdach or shrine was made between 1062 and 1098. The shrine was taken into battle to ensure victory, hence the name Cathach, 'battler'. Taken by Irish refugees to France; was in Paris until 1802; the cumdach was opened and the book discovered in 1813. Deposited in 1842 in the Royal Irish Academy by Sir Richard O'Donnell, to whose family it belongs.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VI²) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 130.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/585.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/585.jpg 586,291,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,267,"Written in Ireland, quite possibly in the same centre as the Missal with which it is now bound (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/587)).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io, excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 66353",,"foll. I and II ",,,"Script is a small, rather uncalligraphic minuscule (except for the first page, which is in more dignified style): the most striking letter is the **i** shaped like a shallow elongated s extending above and often below the line; the final strokes of **m** and **n** are often dragged below the line; **ꞅ** goes well below the line and occasionally has the majuscule form.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/586,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/586,"Script is a small, rather uncalligraphic minuscule (except for the first page, which is in more dignified style): the most striking letter is the i shaped like a shallow elongated s extending above and often below the line; the final strokes of m and n are often dragged below the line; ꞅ goes well below the line and occasionally has the majuscule form.
","Written in Ireland, quite possibly in the same centre as the Missal with which it is now bound (see next item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/586.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/586.jpg 587,292,"Irish Majuscule","VIII–IX (ca. 792)",792,825,2,268,"Written in Ireland, probably at Tallaght. The list of bishops on fol. 33 ends with Máel-Rúain, usually identified with the founder of Tallaght, who died in 792 (his successor who died in 811 or 812 is not in the list). Probably soon afterwards the Missal was taken to the abbey of Lorrha in Ormond, Co. Tipperary, perhaps by way of Terryglass, where quite likely its cumdach was made. It was still in Ireland in 1735. In 1819 it was acquired by the Marquess (later Duke) of Buckingham; then by the Earl of Ashburnham, from whom it was purchased by the British Government in 1883 and deposited in the Academy.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum.",Parchment,"Stowe Missal.",,"TM 66354",,"foll. 26v and 51 ",,https://www.isos.dias.ie/english/index2.html,"Script is an artificial, distinctly compressed Irish majuscule of the same type as that found in Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 20 (CLA [8.1118](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1585)): **d**, **n**, **ꞅ** are invariably minuscule, **R** is almost regularly majuscule; ligatures, e.g. of **eu** and **cer**, occur. The book has been expanded and enriched by numerous additions in almost contemporary Irish minuscule, sometimes on the top of the original script, but chiefly by inserted leaves.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX post ca. 792) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 101. ☛Scribe Móel-Cáich. ☛John (1995) argues that the script is Irish Majuscule verging on Minuscule.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/587,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/587,"Script is an artificial, distinctly compressed Irish majuscule of the same type as that found in Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 20 (CLA 8.1118): d, n, ꞅ are invariably minuscule, R is almost regularly majuscule; ligatures, e.g. of eu and cer, occur. The book has been expanded and enriched by numerous additions in almost contemporary Irish minuscule, sometimes on the top of the original script, but chiefly by inserted leaves.
","Written in Ireland, probably at Tallaght. The list of bishops on fol. 33 ends with Máel-Rúain, usually identified with the founder of Tallaght, who died in 792 (his successor who died in 811 or 812 is not in the list). Probably soon afterwards the Missal was taken to the abbey of Lorrha in Ormond, Co. Tipperary, perhaps by way of Terryglass, where quite likely its cumdach was made. It was still in Ireland in 1735. In 1819 it was acquired by the Marquess (later Duke) of Buckingham; then by the Earl of Ashburnham, from whom it was purchased by the British Government in 1883 and deposited in the Academy.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX post ca. 792) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 101. ☛Scribe Móel-Cáich. ☛John (1995) argues that the script is Irish Majuscule verging on Minuscule.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/587.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/587.jpg 588,293,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,269,"Written in Ireland. The 'silver shrine', Domnach Airgid (saec. XI), in which the fragments were found is traditionally identified with one which St Patrick had. It was clearly not meant for this book. Long an object of veneration in the counties of Fermanagh and Monaghan, the shrine with contents unknown was acquired about 1832 near Enniskillen and then opened. It became the property of the Academy in 1847. The fragments were taken out and mounted in 1893.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io fragm.).",Parchment,"Domnach Airgid.",,"TM 66355",,"foll. 14 and 16 ",,https://www.isos.dias.ie/libraries/RIA/RIA_MS_24_Q_23/tables/1.html,"Script is a late Irish majuscule not very unlike that of the Garland of Howth (CLA [2.272](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/296)): **d** and **n** are mostly minuscule, **R** usually majuscule, **s** in both forms; the lower bow of **g** is compressed.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 83. ",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/588,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/588,"Script is a late Irish majuscule not very unlike that of the Garland of Howth (CLA 2.272): d and n are mostly minuscule, R usually majuscule, s in both forms; the lower bow of g is compressed.
","Written in Ireland. The 'silver shrine', Domnach Airgid (saec. XI), in which the fragments were found is traditionally identified with one which St Patrick had. It was clearly not meant for this book. Long an object of veneration in the counties of Fermanagh and Monaghan, the shrine with contents unknown was acquired about 1832 near Enniskillen and then opened. It became the property of the Academy in 1847. The fragments were taken out and mounted in 1893.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 83.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/588.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/588.jpg 589,294,"Irish Minuscule","IX in (ca. 807)",807,815,2,270,"Written at Armagh ca. 807 at the bidding of Torbach 'ΔΙΚΤΑΝΤΕ ΤΟΡΒΑΚͰ' (fol. 53v) by Ferdomnach, who signs at the end of Mark and Luke and on foll. 215 and 221. He is doubtless correctly identified with the 'Ferdomnach sapiens et scriba optimus Airddmachae' of the Annals of Ulster who died in 845. But he apparently wrote only part of this MS. The MS was sold or pledged by the last of its hereditary keepers in or soon after 1680. Until 1853 it belonged to the Brownlow family, later to Bishop William Reeves, then to Lord John George Beresford, Primate of Ireland, who gave it to Trinity College in 1854.",,,,"Muirchú, Vita Sancti Patricii; Dicta Patricii; Tírechán, Collectanea de Vita S Patricii; Patricius, Confessio; Testamentum Novum Evangelia (Vetus Latina passim, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io); Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini, Dialogi de S Martino, Epistulae. ",Parchment,"Liber Ardmachanus. Book of Armagh. Codex Dublinensis.",,"TM 66356",,"foll. 22 and 122 ",,http://www.confessio.ie/manuscripts/dublin#1,"Script is an elegant pointed Irish minuscule with not infrequent lapses into cursive: noteworthy are the form of **t** resembling a giraffe-like **z**, the form of **e** in ligature with the lower bow reversed, the **fi** ligature resembling a monogram of ꞅ and s, superior **a** in combination resembling letter e, the use of uncial **A** and even uncial **M**, and the use of Greek letters to spell Latin words (Pater Noster, colophons, amens, running title). Foll. 20–104 and 213–221 are by the scribe Ferdomnach; foll. 105–212 seem to be by another hand, and the opening 18 leaves (Patriciana) by still another.","☛Gamber, CLLA 146. ☛McGurk, Gospel books and early Latin manuscripts (1998) Article 2. ☛L. Bieler, 'The Notulae in the Book of Armagh' [Scriptorium 8 (1954) 89–97](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1954_num_8_1_2505). ",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/589,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/589,"Script is an elegant pointed Irish minuscule with not infrequent lapses into cursive: noteworthy are the form of t resembling a giraffe-like z, the form of e in ligature with the lower bow reversed, the fi ligature resembling a monogram of ꞅ and s, superior a in combination resembling letter e, the use of uncial A and even uncial M, and the use of Greek letters to spell Latin words (Pater Noster, colophons, amens, running title). Foll. 20–104 and 213–221 are by the scribe Ferdomnach; foll. 105–212 seem to be by another hand, and the opening 18 leaves (Patriciana) by still another.
","Written at Armagh ca. 807 at the bidding of Torbach 'ΔΙΚΤΑΝΤΕ ΤΟΡΒΑΚͰ' (fol. 53v) by Ferdomnach, who signs at the end of Mark and Luke and on foll. 215 and 221. He is doubtless correctly identified with the 'Ferdomnach sapiens et scriba optimus Airddmachae' of the Annals of Ulster who died in 845. But he apparently wrote only part of this MS. The MS was sold or pledged by the last of its hereditary keepers in or soon after 1680. Until 1853 it belonged to the Brownlow family, later to Bishop William Reeves, then to Lord John George Beresford, Primate of Ireland, who gave it to Trinity College in 1854.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 146. ☛McGurk, Gospel books and early Latin manuscripts (1998) Article 2. ☛L. Bieler, 'The Notulae in the Book of Armagh' Scriptorium 8 (1954) 89–97.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/589.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/589.jpg 590,295,"Irish Half-Uncial","VII in",601,625,2,271,"Written in an Irish centre, hardly at Bobbio, despite cursive influences in the script, the manner of denoting an omission, the kind of parchment used, and the similarity to two other Bobbio MSS. Strong doubt has recently been cast on James Ussher's traditional ownership of the MS, which most likely reached its present home at the time of the Restoration.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io fragm.).",Parchment,"Codex Usserianus Primus. (r¹)",,"TM 66357",,"foll. 78v and 90 ",,http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?DRIS_ID=MS55_001,"Script is a peculiar angular type of Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, or better, an Irish adaptation of half-uncial: **g** is remarkable, being a direct descendant of the form found in the sloping uncial marginalia of the fifth and sixth centuries; **N** has mostly the uncial form with an upward bend of the second stroke; the shafts of tall letters are often looped or else club-shaped; **h** with shaft inclining to the left occurs; the bows of **d** and **q** are very broad; **e** in ligature has a tiny eye which often contracts to a mere line; ligatures of **gn**, **gr**, **ri**, **ti** are frequent, and some whole groups are ligatured (**aeter**); uncial **A** and **G** occur. The whole has a slight inclination to the left and has strong similarity to the script of Milan Ambros. C. 26 sup. (Basilius) and D. 23 sup. (Orosius). There is a certain tendency to begin each section with three or more somewhat larger letters—a trick of Irish scribes. The first few words of each section are in red. A number of Latin interlinear glosses written with a stylus in Insular script are seen on foll. 25, 25v, 79, etc.","☛CLA first-edition provenance ('Written in an Irish centre, presumably at Bobbio, to judge by Roman cursive influences...' and 'Its history is unknown till it became the property of James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh 1624–55, with whose library it passed to Trinity College in 1661.') changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 83. ☛P. Ó Néill, 'The earliest dry-point glosses in Codex Usserianus Primus' in T. Barnard et al. eds. A miracle of learning: studies in manuscripts and Irish learning: essays in honour of William O’Sullivan. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998, pp. 1–28, with addenda and corrigenda Peritia 14 (2000) pp. 430–1.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/590,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590,"Script is a peculiar angular type of Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, or better, an Irish adaptation of half-uncial: g is remarkable, being a direct descendant of the form found in the sloping uncial marginalia of the fifth and sixth centuries; N has mostly the uncial form with an upward bend of the second stroke; the shafts of tall letters are often looped or else club-shaped; h with shaft inclining to the left occurs; the bows of d and q are very broad; e in ligature has a tiny eye which often contracts to a mere line; ligatures of gn, gr, ri, ti are frequent, and some whole groups are ligatured (aeter); uncial A and G occur. The whole has a slight inclination to the left and has strong similarity to the script of Milan Ambros. C. 26 sup. (Basilius) and D. 23 sup. (Orosius). There is a certain tendency to begin each section with three or more somewhat larger letters—a trick of Irish scribes. The first few words of each section are in red. A number of Latin interlinear glosses written with a stylus in Insular script are seen on foll. 25, 25v, 79, etc.
","Written in an Irish centre, hardly at Bobbio, despite cursive influences in the script, the manner of denoting an omission, the kind of parchment used, and the similarity to two other Bobbio MSS. Strong doubt has recently been cast on James Ussher's traditional ownership of the MS, which most likely reached its present home at the time of the Restoration.
","☛CLA first-edition provenance ('Written in an Irish centre, presumably at Bobbio, to judge by Roman cursive influences...' and 'Its history is unknown till it became the property of James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh 1624–55, with whose library it passed to Trinity College in 1661.') changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 83. ☛P. Ó Néill, 'The earliest dry-point glosses in Codex Usserianus Primus' in T. Barnard et al. eds. A miracle of learning: studies in manuscripts and Irish learning: essays in honour of William O’Sullivan. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998, pp. 1–28, with addenda and corrigenda Peritia 14 (2000) pp. 430–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/590.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/590.jpg 591,296,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,272,"Written in Ireland. Was found on the island 'Ireland's Eye', near Howth. It has recently been shown that there is no evidence for linking this MS to James Ussher; see the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Garland of Howth. Codex Usserianus Secundus. (r²)",,"TM 66358",,"fol 1v - page 2",,http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?folder_id=1647&pidtopage=MS56_009&entry_point=9,"Script is a late Irish majuscule with some minuscule elements: **d**, **n**, **R**, **S** are the regular forms; **Ꝺ** and **N** seem reserved for initials; **a** is flat-topped; **z** has the typically Irish form; ligatures are rare; at line-ends **ent** with subscript **t** occurs. There is considerable variety of script; a much more angular and compressed hand, with the top of **h** bending to the left, appears on fol. 74; the size of the script varies greatly, as does the number of lines; the scribe was guided only slightly by ruling. Occasionally at the beginning of sentences the capital is followed by several letters decreasing from large to normal.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII²–IX) and provenance ('Later belonged to James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh 1624–55, and from him passed to Trinity College in 1661.') changed to follow second edition.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/591,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/591,"Script is a late Irish majuscule with some minuscule elements: d, n, R, S are the regular forms; Ꝺ and N seem reserved for initials; a is flat-topped; z has the typically Irish form; ligatures are rare; at line-ends ent with subscript t occurs. There is considerable variety of script; a much more angular and compressed hand, with the top of h bending to the left, appears on fol. 74; the size of the script varies greatly, as does the number of lines; the scribe was guided only slightly by ruling. Occasionally at the beginning of sentences the capital is followed by several letters decreasing from large to normal.
","Written in Ireland. Was found on the island 'Ireland's Eye', near Howth. It has recently been shown that there is no evidence for linking this MS to James Ussher; see the preceding item.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII²–IX) and provenance ('Later belonged to James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh 1624–55, and from him passed to Trinity College in 1661.') changed to follow second edition.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/591.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/591.jpg 592,297,"Insular Majuscule",VII²,650,700,2,273,"Written in Northumbria by a hand trained in the Irish manner, and copied from an exemplar in the hand of St Columba, the founder of Durrow, to judge by the two subscriptions on fol. 12v : 'Rogo beatitudinem tuam sancte praesbiter patrici ut quicumque hunc libellum manu tenuerit meminerit columbae scriptoris. qui hoc scripsi himet euangelium. per xii dierum spatium. gratia domini nostri s.s.'; and under this, after a space of seven lines: 'Ora pro me frater mi dominus tecum sit'. The silver cumdach, a gift from Flann, King of Ireland (†916), is now lost, but a copy of its dedicatory inscription to Columb Cille was entered on the MS in 1677. The MS came into the hands of Henry Jones, Scoutmaster-general to Cromwell's army in Ireland and Vice-Chancellor of Dublin University, who became Bishop of Meath in 1661. He presented it to Trinity College. The Gospel text is of the Northumbrian family (A and Y). Palaeographically there is kinship with the Codex Epternacensis, Paris Lat. 9389 (CLA [5.578](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/942)).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Book of Durrow. Codex Durmachensis.",,"TM 66359",,"foll. 15 and 116 ",,,"Script is an expert calligraphic majuscule using **Ꝺ** **d**, **N** **n**, **R** **r**, **S** **ꞅ**, with **ꝺ**, **n**, **r**, **S** perhaps the more frequent: **g** in ligature with **n** or **r** resembles an elongated S; uncial **A** is used here and there, preferably at the beginning of a word; uncial **M** lying sideways occurs at line-ends; ligatures of **ae**, **nt** and **ui** occur; occasionally Greek letters are used. A less stately, more fluent script is found on fol. 116.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and second edition. ☛R. Powell, 'The Book of Kells, the Book of Durrow' [Scriptorium 10 (1956) pp. 3–21](www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1956_num_10_1_2647). ☛Gamber, CLLA 142. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 86.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/592,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/592,"Script is an expert calligraphic majuscule using Ꝺ d, N n, R r, S ꞅ, with ꝺ, n, r, S perhaps the more frequent: g in ligature with n or r resembles an elongated S; uncial A is used here and there, preferably at the beginning of a word; uncial M lying sideways occurs at line-ends; ligatures of ae, nt and ui occur; occasionally Greek letters are used. A less stately, more fluent script is found on fol. 116.
","Written in Northumbria by a hand trained in the Irish manner, and copied from an exemplar in the hand of St Columba, the founder of Durrow, to judge by the two subscriptions on fol. 12v : 'Rogo beatitudinem tuam sancte praesbiter patrici ut quicumque hunc libellum manu tenuerit meminerit columbae scriptoris. qui hoc scripsi himet euangelium. per xii dierum spatium. gratia domini nostri s.s.'; and under this, after a space of seven lines: 'Ora pro me frater mi dominus tecum sit'. The silver cumdach, a gift from Flann, King of Ireland (†916), is now lost, but a copy of its dedicatory inscription to Columb Cille was entered on the MS in 1677. The MS came into the hands of Henry Jones, Scoutmaster-general to Cromwell's army in Ireland and Vice-Chancellor of Dublin University, who became Bishop of Meath in 1661. He presented it to Trinity College. The Gospel text is of the Northumbrian family (A and Y). Palaeographically there is kinship with the Codex Epternacensis, Paris Lat. 9389 (CLA 5.578).
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and second edition. ☛R. Powell, 'The Book of Kells, the Book of Durrow' Scriptorium 10 (1956) pp. 3–21. ☛Gamber, CLLA 142. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 86.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/592.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/592.jpg 593,298,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,274,"The origin of this magnificent MS is still in dispute. Prof. T. J. Brown, an expert in this field, writes: 'Written in a great Insular centre, as yet unidentified, but subject to Northumbrian influence in script and decoration alike. The possibilities include Northumbria itself, Eastern Scotland, and the Columban community at Iona, for which a new headquarters was constructed at Kells in 807–14. In view of the apparent date of the manuscript, Kells itself seems improbably on historical grounds.' It was at Kells after the suppression in 1539 that it came into the hands of Gerald Plunket of Dublin, a kinsman of Richard Plunket, the last abbot, then into those of James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh, and passed with his library to Trinity College in 1661.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Book of Kells. Codex Kenanensis. (Q)",http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?DRIS_ID=MS58_003v,"TM 66360",,"fol. 174v",,http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?DRIS_ID=MS58_003v,"Written by several scribes. Script is a bold, very expert Irish majuscule—a veritable masterpiece of calligraphy: it has **Ꝺ** **d**, **N** **n**, **R** **r**, **S** **ꞅ** (**r** and **ꞃ** less frequent); some letters like **m** are curiously elongated to fill out the line, and various artistic tricks are employed for ligatures like **mo**, **ha**; uncial **A** is used at line-ends; suprascript **u** is c-shaped; to save space **m** and **n** at line-ends are often placed sideways. The capitula are written in a compressed type of majuscule verging on minuscule. Vernacular records are later additions.","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX), origin, and provenance ('Written in a great Irish centre, probably in the monastery of Cenannus or Kells in Co. Meath: was at Kells throughout the Middle Ages and is recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters and in other sources.') changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 143. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 87. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 30](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/049_tav030.pdf).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/593,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/593,"Written by several scribes. Script is a bold, very expert Irish majuscule—a veritable masterpiece of calligraphy: it has Ꝺ d, N n, R r, S ꞅ (r and ꞃ less frequent); some letters like m are curiously elongated to fill out the line, and various artistic tricks are employed for ligatures like mo, ha; uncial A is used at line-ends; suprascript u is c-shaped; to save space m and n at line-ends are often placed sideways. The capitula are written in a compressed type of majuscule verging on minuscule. Vernacular records are later additions.
","The origin of this magnificent MS is still in dispute. Prof. T. J. Brown, an expert in this field, writes: 'Written in a great Insular centre, as yet unidentified, but subject to Northumbrian influence in script and decoration alike. The possibilities include Northumbria itself, Eastern Scotland, and the Columban community at Iona, for which a new headquarters was constructed at Kells in 807–14. In view of the apparent date of the manuscript, Kells itself seems improbably on historical grounds.' It was at Kells after the suppression in 1539 that it came into the hands of Gerald Plunket of Dublin, a kinsman of Richard Plunket, the last abbot, then into those of James Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh, and passed with his library to Trinity College in 1661.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII–IX), origin, and provenance ('Written in a great Irish centre, probably in the monastery of Cenannus or Kells in Co. Meath: was at Kells throughout the Middle Ages and is recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters and in other sources.') changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 143. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 87. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/593.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/593.jpg 594,299,"Irish Cursive",VIII²,751,800,2,275,"Written in Ireland, probably at the monastery of Roscrea, Tipperary. The name Dimma stands over an erasure on foll. 15, 20v, 50; the entire subscription on fol. 74v is a later addition. The MS remained in the same neighbourhood until the beginning of the nineteenth century, when it was acquired by Trinity College.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia. (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Book of Dimma.",,"TM 66361",,"pages 31 and 108 ",,,"Script varies greatly: the Gospel of St John is by a different scribe and less cursive than the rest; **e** with the reversed lower bow is used in ligature. There are later liturgical additions on p. 99, continued on p. 100 (originally blank), on pp. 101–2 (an added leaf), and on p. 103 (the blank recto of the miniature of St John).","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 145. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 88.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/594,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/594,"Script varies greatly: the Gospel of St John is by a different scribe and less cursive than the rest; e with the reversed lower bow is used in ligature. There are later liturgical additions on p. 99, continued on p. 100 (originally blank), on pp. 101–2 (an added leaf), and on p. 103 (the blank recto of the miniature of St John).
","Written in Ireland, probably at the monastery of Roscrea, Tipperary. The name Dimma stands over an erasure on foll. 15, 20v, 50; the entire subscription on fol. 74v is a later addition. The MS remained in the same neighbourhood until the beginning of the nineteenth century, when it was acquired by Trinity College.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VIII) changed to follow second edition. ☛Gamber, CLLA 145. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 88.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/594.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/594.jpg 595,300,"Irish Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,2,276,"Written in Ireland, probably at Tech-Moling, now St Mullins, Co. Carlow. The subscription at the end of St John names Mulling as the scribe. The identification with St Moling (†696), the founder of the Monastery, seems palaeographically unlikely. All the leaves in this MS were found in the cumdach, which has for generations belonged to the Kavanagh family. The MS was deposited in Trinity College at the end of the eighteenth century. It is now the property of the College.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 26.42–27.35, Mc 1.1–4.8, 5.18–6.35). ",Parchment,"Book of Mulling. Liber Moliensis.",,"TM 66362",,"pages 137 and 182 ",,http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?folder_id=1648&pidtopage=MS60_001&entry_point=1,"Written by several scribes. Script is a deft Irish minuscule with many cursive elements: **e** in ligature has the curious reversed lower bow; **st** occurs in ligature, superior **a** in combination resembles letter e. The script of St John has a distinct resemblance to that of the Gospel fragments which were found with the Book of Mulling (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/596)). Capitals project considerably into the margin. Some Greek letters are used: πostea. The pious formula 'In nomine sanctae trinitatis' is found in the upper margin of some pages. Important liturgical additions in Irish minuscule on foll. 49v, 50, and (with a plan of Tech-Moling) 94v.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) and provenance (arguing that the subscription on fol. 94r was written by St Moling) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 90.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/595,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/595,"Written by several scribes. Script is a deft Irish minuscule with many cursive elements: e in ligature has the curious reversed lower bow; st occurs in ligature, superior a in combination resembles letter e. The script of St John has a distinct resemblance to that of the Gospel fragments which were found with the Book of Mulling (see next item). Capitals project considerably into the margin. Some Greek letters are used: πostea. The pious formula 'In nomine sanctae trinitatis' is found in the upper margin of some pages. Important liturgical additions in Irish minuscule on foll. 49v, 50, and (with a plan of Tech-Moling) 94v.
","Written in Ireland, probably at Tech-Moling, now St Mullins, Co. Carlow. The subscription at the end of St John names Mulling as the scribe. The identification with St Moling (†696), the founder of the Monastery, seems palaeographically unlikely. All the leaves in this MS were found in the cumdach, which has for generations belonged to the Kavanagh family. The MS was deposited in Trinity College at the end of the eighteenth century. It is now the property of the College.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) and provenance (arguing that the subscription on fol. 94r was written by St Moling) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 90.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/595.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/595.jpg 596,301,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,2,277,"Written probably in the same scriptorium as the Book of Mulling (CLA [2.276](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/595)). The leaves were found in the shrine which contained that book.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt. 26.42–28.35, Mc 1.1–4.8, 5.18–6.35).",Parchment,,,"TM 66363",,"entirety of page 201 shown ",,http://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/home/index.php?folder_id=1648&pidtopage=MS60_001&entry_point=1,"Script is a tiny Irish minuscule akin to that used by the scribe of the main MS (CLA [2.276](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/595)); ligatures are frequent: that of **ti** might be mistaken for **q**; **e** in ligature often has the curious reversed lower bow.","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 90. ",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/596,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/596,"Script is a tiny Irish minuscule akin to that used by the scribe of the main MS (CLA 2.276); ligatures are frequent: that of ti might be mistaken for q; e in ligature often has the curious reversed lower bow.
","Written probably in the same scriptorium as the Book of Mulling (CLA 2.276). The leaves were found in the shrine which contained that book.
","☛CLA first-edition date (VII ex) changed to follow second edition. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 90.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/2/596.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/2/596.jpg 597,369,Half-Uncial,VII²,651,700,3,**26a,"Written in Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The MS was number 135 in the inventory of 1461. The part now in Milan was obtained from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal Federico Borromeo; the part now in the Vatican came there in 1618.",,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Concilii Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66121",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 383",,,"Script is an awkward half-uncial, by a not very expert scribe: the tall shafts are topped by a hair-line; the shaft and curve of **ꞅ** are strongly contrasted; the form of uncial **A** is striking and approximates to the uncial; **Ᵹ** is compressed and hardly goes below the line; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** tends to form a loop at the left; the bar of **N** curves. Corrections and marginalia in North Italian cursive saec. VII. For other details see CLA [1.26a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/32).","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.",,,,,32,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/597,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/597,"Script is an awkward half-uncial, by a not very expert scribe: the tall shafts are topped by a hair-line; the shaft and curve of ꞅ are strongly contrasted; the form of uncial A is striking and approximates to the uncial; Ᵹ is compressed and hardly goes below the line; the cross-stroke of ꞇ tends to form a loop at the left; the bar of N curves. Corrections and marginalia in North Italian cursive saec. VII. For other details see CLA 1.26a.
","Written in Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The MS was number 135 in the inventory of 1461. The part now in Milan was obtained from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal Federico Borromeo; the part now in the Vatican came there in 1618.
","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/597.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/597.jpg 598,372,"Half-Uncial and Early Minuscule",VII²,651,700,3,"**26 b+c","Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The poem entered by an eighth-century hand on pages 114 and 116 of the Milan portion deals with the Council of Pavia of the year 698; in fact the whole MS Vatic. Lat. 5750 + Ambros. E. 147 sup. is intimately connected with the ecclesiastical questions discussed at that Council.",,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Concilii Chalcedonensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66121",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 359",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is mainly a rather inexpert half-uncial verging on minuscule varying in size in different parts and recalling Veronese half uncial: **i**-longa is used initially; the bar of **N** is thin and sags; minuscule **n** is frequent; the ligature aꞇ** occurs at line-ends, **NT** in mid-line. On pages 5–11 of the Vatican portion is seen a sloping minuscule with cursive elements and ligatures (see CLA [1.26c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/34)); corrections by this hand are found in the original half-uncial portions. Pages 114–116 of the Ambrosian part were originally not used for rewriting, but an eighth-century hand writing pre-Caroline minuscule entered on page 114 and on page 116 the 'Carmen de Synodo Ticinensi'. The hand is identical with that of the restorations in Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA [3.323b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/660)) where the same poem occurs on foll. 121–121v. For other details see CLA [1.26b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/33) and [26c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/34).","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_1_2400).",,1,,,33,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/598,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/598,"Script, by more than one hand, is mainly a rather inexpert half-uncial verging on minuscule varying in size in different parts and recalling Veronese half uncial: i-longa is used initially; the bar of N is thin and sags; minuscule n is frequent; the ligature aꞇ** occurs at line-ends, NT in mid-line. On pages 5–11 of the Vatican portion is seen a sloping minuscule with cursive elements and ligatures (see CLA 1.26c); corrections by this hand are found in the original half-uncial portions. Pages 114–116 of the Ambrosian part were originally not used for rewriting, but an eighth-century hand writing pre-Caroline minuscule entered on page 114 and on page 116 the 'Carmen de Synodo Ticinensi'. The hand is identical with that of the restorations in Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA 3.323b) where the same poem occurs on foll. 121–121v. For other details see CLA 1.26b and 26c.
","Written in North Italy, presumably at Bobbio. The poem entered by an eighth-century hand on pages 114 and 116 of the Milan portion deals with the Council of Pavia of the year 698; in fact the whole MS Vatic. Lat. 5750 + Ambros. E. 147 sup. is intimately connected with the ecclesiastical questions discussed at that Council.
","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–8. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/598.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/598.jpg 599,370,Uncial,V²,451,500,3,**27,"Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century for copying the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.",3,,,"Appianus, Epistulae; Fronto, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66122",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 421",,,"Script is an old type of uncial: the upper bows of **B** and **R** are small; the loop of uncial **E** is usually open; the first bow of uncial **M** is roundish. Many marginalia in rapid cursive half-uncial with **A** and **R** uncial. For other details see CLA [1.27](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/35).",,,,,,35,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/599,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/599,"Script is an old type of uncial: the upper bows of B and R are small; the loop of uncial E is usually open; the first bow of uncial M is roundish. Many marginalia in rapid cursive half-uncial with A and R uncial. For other details see CLA 1.27.
","Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century for copying the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/599.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/599.jpg 600,371,Uncial,V,401,500,3,**28,"Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century for copying the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.",3,,,"Scholia Bobiensia in Ciceronem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66123",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 416",,,"Script is expert regular uncial of the purest type: the first stroke of uncial **M** tends to be a straight line; **B** and **R** have the small upper bow; the loop of uncial **E** is small and open. For other details see CLA [1.28](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/36).",,,,,,36,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/600,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/600,"Script is expert regular uncial of the purest type: the first stroke of uncial M tends to be a straight line; B and R have the small upper bow; the loop of uncial E is small and open. For other details see CLA 1.28.
","Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century for copying the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/600.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/600.jpg 601,309,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,3,**285,"Written in North Italy, and probably in the area where the bulk of the MS has remained. The liturgical system of lections suggests the province of Aquileia. The MS was regarded as a relic at Aquileia, and famous visitors' names were entered in it. Its present binding uses an eleventh-century metal cover with figures of Christ in a mandorla and the four Beasts. In 1354 the last two quires of Mark were given as a relic of St Mark to the Emperor Charles IV for the Prague Cathedral. In 1420 the rest of Mark was given to Venice, where it has been completely ruined by damp. The Cividale portion has suffered much from damp; it is at present well cared for.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Codex Aquileiensis. Codex Foroiulensis.",,"TM 66394",,"fol. 75 ",,,"Script is a bold, regular, calligraphic uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the hasta of uncial **E** is almost central, the tail of **G** is longish; the uprights of uncial **H** and **L** have a hair-stroke; **N** is not broad; the bows of **P** and uncial **Q** are ample; **T** often rises high above the line. Marginalia of great liturgical interest are in cursive minuscule of a rather sprawling type, saec. VII–VIII; a more expert cursive is found on foll. 195v, 196v, 198v, 269, 270v, and an uncial entry on fol. 89. Most marginalia are autographs or records of famous visitors to Aquileia and Cividale, saec. IX–XIX.","☛Gamber, CLLA 246.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/601,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/601,"Script is a bold, regular, calligraphic uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the hasta of uncial E is almost central, the tail of G is longish; the uprights of uncial H and L have a hair-stroke; N is not broad; the bows of P and uncial Q are ample; T often rises high above the line. Marginalia of great liturgical interest are in cursive minuscule of a rather sprawling type, saec. VII–VIII; a more expert cursive is found on foll. 195v, 196v, 198v, 269, 270v, and an uncial entry on fol. 89. Most marginalia are autographs or records of famous visitors to Aquileia and Cividale, saec. IX–XIX.
","Written in North Italy, and probably in the area where the bulk of the MS has remained. The liturgical system of lections suggests the province of Aquileia. The MS was regarded as a relic at Aquileia, and famous visitors' names were entered in it. Its present binding uses an eleventh-century metal cover with figures of Christ in a mandorla and the four Beasts. In 1354 the last two quires of Mark were given as a relic of St Mark to the Emperor Charles IV for the Prague Cathedral. In 1420 the rest of Mark was given to Venice, where it has been completely ruined by damp. The Cividale portion has suffered much from damp; it is at present well cared for.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 246.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/601.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/601.jpg 602,373,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,**29,"Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century to copy the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.",3,,,"Symmachus, Orationes (fragm.); Plinius Minor, Panegyricus (7.4–8.5, 78.4–80.3, 85.6–86.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66124",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 437 ",,,"Script is a neatly formed half-uncial: **i** following **ꞇ** near line-end has sometimes the long form. Each page begins with a large letter, even in mid-word.",,,,,,37,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/602,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/602,"Script is a neatly formed half-uncial: i following ꞇ near line-end has sometimes the long form. Each page begins with a large letter, even in mid-word.
","Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century to copy the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/602.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/602.jpg 603,320,"Rustic Capital","V (ante 494)",401,493,3,**296,"Written presumably at Rome, certainly corrected and punctuated there by Turcius Rufius Apronianus Asterius, consul in 494, according to a subscription in contemporary Uncial and Rustic capital on fol. [8](http://mss.bmlonline.it/s.aspx?Id=AVKoTwztfJ8ZMCf2if0o&c=Virgilius#/oro/33). Later in the monastery of St Columban at Bobbio; the usual Bobbio ex-libris stands on fol. [2](http://mss.bmlonline.it/s.aspx?Id=AVKoTwztfJ8ZMCf2if0o&c=Virgilius#/oro/21); in the inventory of 1461 the MS was number 160. Probably left Bobbio for Rome with Abbot Gregorio di Crema in 1467, when he became head of St Paul-outside-the-walls, where it remained at least until 1501. Loaned to Pomponius Laetus and used by Bussi, 1470–1471. Belonged to A. Colocci (†1549); to the Vatican 1500–1521; to the Del Monte family by 1550. Taken by Paul III in 1549 and destined for the Vatican. Given by Pope Julius III (ca. 1550) to his adopted nephew Card. Innocenzo Del Monte, who had it until 1560; from 1560 to 1564 in the hands of Card. Rodolfo Pio di Carpi, who bequeathed it to the Vatican. In 1566 again in the hands of Del Monte until at least 1569. Reached the Medici certainly after 1569 and before 1589, in what manner is unknown.",,41.9028,12.4964,"Vergilius, Eclogae, Georgica, Aeneis.",Parchment,"Codex Mediceus. (M)",,"TM 65874",,"foll. 5 and 8 ",,,,"Script is a delicately penned Rustic capital by more than one hand: **F** rises above the headline, otherwise easily confused with **E**; the lower bow of **G** curls in; the horizontal stroke of **H** intersects the first upright (an early corrector on foll. 53v, 54v uses the K-shaped **H**); **i**-longa occurs now and then for the semi-vocal sound; **L** rises somewhat above the line; the uprights of **M** are almost vertical; **N** is broad; the bow of **P** is tiny; **U** is V-shaped at the beginning of a verse, elsewhere U-shaped; **Y** is invariably tall. Marginalia in contemporary sloping half-uncial occur in the Bucolics with **R** and **s** uniformly uncial. Early addition in uncial on fol. 96 bis; in cursive b-uncial on foll. 161v, l75v, etc.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/603,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/603,,"Written presumably at Rome, certainly corrected and punctuated there by Turcius Rufius Apronianus Asterius, consul in 494, according to a subscription in contemporary Uncial and Rustic capital on fol. 8. Later in the monastery of St Columban at Bobbio; the usual Bobbio ex-libris stands on fol. 2; in the inventory of 1461 the MS was number 160. Probably left Bobbio for Rome with Abbot Gregorio di Crema in 1467, when he became head of St Paul-outside-the-walls, where it remained at least until 1501. Loaned to Pomponius Laetus and used by Bussi, 1470–1471. Belonged to A. Colocci (†1549); to the Vatican 1500–1521; to the Del Monte family by 1550. Taken by Paul III in 1549 and destined for the Vatican. Given by Pope Julius III (ca. 1550) to his adopted nephew Card. Innocenzo Del Monte, who had it until 1560; from 1560 to 1564 in the hands of Card. Rodolfo Pio di Carpi, who bequeathed it to the Vatican. In 1566 again in the hands of Del Monte until at least 1569. Reached the Medici certainly after 1569 and before 1589, in what manner is unknown.
","Script is a delicately penned Rustic capital by more than one hand: F rises above the headline, otherwise easily confused with E; the lower bow of G curls in; the horizontal stroke of H intersects the first upright (an early corrector on foll. 53v, 54v uses the K-shaped H); i-longa occurs now and then for the semi-vocal sound; L rises somewhat above the line; the uprights of M are almost vertical; N is broad; the bow of P is tiny; U is V-shaped at the beginning of a verse, elsewhere U-shaped; Y is invariably tall. Marginalia in contemporary sloping half-uncial occur in the Bucolics with R and s uniformly uncial. Early addition in uncial on fol. 96 bis; in cursive b-uncial on foll. 161v, l75v, etc.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/603.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/603.jpg 604,374,Uncial,"VI in",601,625,3,**31,"Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century to copy the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.",3,,,"Tractatus Arianorum; Ascensio Isaiae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66126",,"From Ambros. E. 147 sup., page 116 ",,,"Script is a regularly formed uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is often roundish; the loop of uncial **E** is closed; the first stroke of uncial **M** is roundish.",,,,,,39,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/604,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/604,"Script is a regularly formed uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial A is often roundish; the loop of uncial E is closed; the first stroke of uncial M is roundish.
","Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the seventh century to copy the Acts of the first Council of Chalcedon, presumably at Bobbio.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/604.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/604.jpg 605,354,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,3,**322,"Written doubtless in North Italy and probably at Vercelli, to judge by certain graphic features which the MS has in common with Vercelli 183 and by certain marginalia, entered by a contemporary reader, calling attention to Vercelli and S Eusebius. Belonged to the Bobbio library: the familiar ex-libris, but without a number, stands on fol. 1. It is number 146 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.",,,,"Maximus Taurinensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66419",,"From C. 98 inf., fol. 109 ",,,"Script is an expert, calligraphic cursive minuscule of North Italian (Vercelli) type as is seen by the form of **ꞅꞅ** run together and the peculiar **z**, shaped like the ligature ti ending in a tail to the right, as in [Vercelli 183](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/816) (Hieron. de Viris 3) and in North Italian charters; **i**-longa is used initially even in 'Illium', ‘Ibi'; the shoulder of **r** often extends above the following letter. Marginalia and comments like 'eleganter' (fol. 6) by an early reader who was particularly interested in Vercelli (see foll. 97v, 98, 106, 108v, 109). Notae Tironianae on foll. 51 bv and 124.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 25](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/039_tav025b.pdf).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/605,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/605,"Script is an expert, calligraphic cursive minuscule of North Italian (Vercelli) type as is seen by the form of ꞅꞅ run together and the peculiar z, shaped like the ligature ti ending in a tail to the right, as in Vercelli 183 (Hieron. de Viris 3) and in North Italian charters; i-longa is used initially even in 'Illium', ‘Ibi'; the shoulder of r often extends above the following letter. Marginalia and comments like 'eleganter' (fol. 6) by an early reader who was particularly interested in Vercelli (see foll. 97v, 98, 106, 108v, 109). Notae Tironianae on foll. 51 bv and 124.
","Written doubtless in North Italy and probably at Vercelli, to judge by certain graphic features which the MS has in common with Vercelli 183 and by certain marginalia, entered by a contemporary reader, calling attention to Vercelli and S Eusebius. Belonged to the Bobbio library: the familiar ex-libris, but without a number, stands on fol. 1. It is number 146 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 25.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/605.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/605.jpg 606,358,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,3,**325,"Written probably in North Italy and certainly in a centre of great calligraphic tradition. Used at Bobbio for purposes of repairing fly-leaves of Bobbio MSS. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the number 76 is seen on fol. 3 of C. 238 inf., and on fol. 1 of E. 26 inf. stand two Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 4.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (16, 18, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66422",,"Composite shows lines from foll. 2v, 182, 182v, 183v, and 1v of Ambros. C. 238 inf",,,"Script is a very expert, graceful half-uncial of the best type: the shoulder of **r** sweeps boldly down. Marginalia by several hands in b-d uncial, sloping b-d uncial, sloping half-uncial, and cursive are seen in scraps in E. 26 inf.; some seem contemporary, none is later than saec. VI.Script is a very expert, graceful half-uncial of the best type: the shoulder of r sweeps boldly down. Marginalia by several hands in b-d uncial, sloping b-d uncial, sloping half-uncial, and cursive are seen in scraps in E. 26 inf.; some seem contemporary, none is later than saec. VI.
S1 p. 353 adds: The similarity between the writing bere and that of the marginalia
in Milan MS. E. 26 inf. suggests that the Turin fragment originally belonged to
the same codex. Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e
umanistica 16 (1973) 6, no.3 .
Written probably in North Italy and certainly in a centre of great calligraphic tradition. Used at Bobbio for purposes of repairing fly-leaves of Bobbio MSS. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the number 76 is seen on fol. 3 of C. 238 inf., and on fol. 1 of E. 26 inf. stand two Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 4.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/606.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/606.jpg 607,387,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,**347,"Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. The MS is listed in the Bobbio inventory under the number 39; the Bobbio ex-libris with that number occurs on fol. 1 of the Milan part.",2,,,"Ambrosius, Expositio in Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66448",,"fol. 83v ",,,"Script is a calligraphic half-uncial which seems North Italian in type; the not infrequent intrusion of uncial elements (uncial **A**, **B**, **ꝺ**, **G**, uncial **M**, and **R** occur here and there) is manifestly due to inadvertence in copying from an uncial exemplar. Numerous marginalia in sloping uncial and early cursive. Notae Tironianae are added passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/607,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/607,"Script is a calligraphic half-uncial which seems North Italian in type; the not infrequent intrusion of uncial elements (uncial A, B, ꝺ, G, uncial M, and R occur here and there) is manifestly due to inadvertence in copying from an uncial exemplar. Numerous marginalia in sloping uncial and early cursive. Notae Tironianae are added passim.
","Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. The MS is listed in the Bobbio inventory under the number 39; the Bobbio ex-libris with that number occurs on fol. 1 of the Milan part.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/607.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/607.jpg 608,353,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,**38,"Origin uncertain. Used at Bobbio in the fifteenth century for purposes of bookbinding.",0,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (4.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66133",,"From Ambros. C. 91 inf., fol. 129v",,,"Script is a firm half-uncial of a late type: the hasta of **f** is high; the oblique stroke of **N** sags low; **r** and **ꞅ** descend below the line. The Milan and Turin fragments are illegible without reagent; our Vatican facsimile (from Lib. 2 cap. 21–2), which is the most legible of the three, was unidentified in [CLA 1](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/46).",,,,,,46,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/608,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/608,"Script is a firm half-uncial of a late type: the hasta of f is high; the oblique stroke of N sags low; r and ꞅ descend below the line. The Milan and Turin fragments are illegible without reagent; our Vatican facsimile (from Lib. 2 cap. 21–2), which is the most legible of the three, was unidentified in CLA 1.
","Origin uncertain. Used at Bobbio in the fifteenth century for purposes of bookbinding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/608.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/608.jpg 609,426,"Rustic Capital","I (31 BC–AD 79)",-31,79,3,**385,"Written in Italy between 31 BC, the date of the battle of Actium, and AD 79, when Herculaneum was destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius. Found in the excavations of 1752. The fragment containing col. 8 was given to Napoleon in 1809. Unrolled in 1805 by Camillo Paderni. Drawings exist by G. B. Malesci (1806), R. Biondi (1861), F. Biondi (1863), A. Cozzi (1907). Drawings made by John Hayter were presented to the University of Oxford in 1810. Others made by Nicola Ciampitti and now in the Museum at Naples, were in part published at Naples in 1809. All previously published facsimiles are based on drawings.",3,,,"Rabirius or Varius, Carmen de Bello Actiaco sive Alexandrino (fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62682",1466424785-actiaco.png,"Image from column 1",,,"Script is a graceful and rapid early type of Rustic capital: **A** is barred; the lower bow of **B** is oblique and protruding; the second and third strokes of **H** almost make a right angle; **M** and **N** are broad; the bow of **R** is small; **U** is wide and V-shaped.","☛P. Herc. 817. ☛Steffens, Paléographie [Pl. 3](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/011_tav003.pdf).",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/609,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/609,"Script is a graceful and rapid early type of Rustic capital: A is barred; the lower bow of B is oblique and protruding; the second and third strokes of H almost make a right angle; M and N are broad; the bow of R is small; U is wide and V-shaped.
","Written in Italy between 31 BC, the date of the battle of Actium, and AD 79, when Herculaneum was destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius. Found in the excavations of 1752. The fragment containing col. 8 was given to Napoleon in 1809. Unrolled in 1805 by Camillo Paderni. Drawings exist by G. B. Malesci (1806), R. Biondi (1861), F. Biondi (1863), A. Cozzi (1907). Drawings made by John Hayter were presented to the University of Oxford in 1810. Others made by Nicola Ciampitti and now in the Museum at Naples, were in part published at Naples in 1809. All previously published facsimiles are based on drawings.
","☛P. Herc. 817. ☛Steffens, Paléographie Pl. 3.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/609.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/609.jpg 610,433,"Rustic Capital",lV,301,400,3,**392,"Written most probably in Italy. The ancient leaves were used again in the eighth century at Bobbio to copy patristic and grammatical treatises (see CLA [3.391](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/729) and [400](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/738)). For the later history of the MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/729).",3,,,"Lucanus, Pharsalia (5.31–91, 152–211, 272–310, 6.215–274, 305–334).",Parchment,,,"TM 66493",,"From the bifolium 31v/33v of Naples Lat. 2 (Vindobon. 16)",,,"Script is a majestic, regular, and very expert Rustic capital in the best style. ","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (fol. 12, 15–18, 21–36) [palimpsest old 1].",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/610,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/610,"Script is a majestic, regular, and very expert Rustic capital in the best style.
","Written most probably in Italy. The ancient leaves were used again in the eighth century at Bobbio to copy patristic and grammatical treatises (see CLA 3.391 and 400). For the later history of the MS see preceding item.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (fol. 12, 15–18, 21–36) [palimpsest old 1].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/610.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/610.jpg 611,302,Uncial,"VI med",526,575,3,278,"Written in Italy. Traditionally connected with S Marcellinus, Bishop of Ancona from 550, a tradition palaeographically acceptable. Used liturgically for a considerable period, especially during the seventh and eighth centuries. Repaired at the Vatican in 1910.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 19.3–Lc 20 med.).",Parchment,"Gospels of St Marcellinus. Ancona Gospels.",,"TM 66387",,"Shows the central columns of the opening numbered 21",,,"Script is a regular, well-formed uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is attenuated and pointed; the base of **L** is rectangular and has a wedge-like finial; the uprights of **N** are thin, the oblique stroke shaded; the top of **T** is usually thickened at both ends, the base is a horizontal hair-line; the bows of uncial **H**, **P**, uncial **Q**, as well as **C**, uncial **E**, **G**, uncial **M**, and **O** are well-rounded and ample. Numerous liturgical notes in the margins, some in almost contemporary uncial, but mostly in sprawling script saec. VII or VIII and even X; few are legible, but they are doubtless of local origin; the oldest note is in sloping uncial, almost invisible, opposite Mt 26.1 on fol. 4v: Incipit passio dnī n ihū xpī.","☛Formerly Ancona, Archivio Capitolare without number.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/611,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/611,"Script is a regular, well-formed uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is attenuated and pointed; the base of L is rectangular and has a wedge-like finial; the uprights of N are thin, the oblique stroke shaded; the top of T is usually thickened at both ends, the base is a horizontal hair-line; the bows of uncial H, P, uncial Q, as well as C, uncial E, G, uncial M, and O are well-rounded and ample. Numerous liturgical notes in the margins, some in almost contemporary uncial, but mostly in sprawling script saec. VII or VIII and even X; few are legible, but they are doubtless of local origin; the oldest note is in sloping uncial, almost invisible, opposite Mt 26.1 on fol. 4v: Incipit passio dnī n ihū xpī.
","Written in Italy. Traditionally connected with S Marcellinus, Bishop of Ancona from 550, a tradition palaeographically acceptable. Used liturgically for a considerable period, especially during the seventh and eighth centuries. Repaired at the Vatican in 1910.
","☛Formerly Ancona, Archivio Capitolare without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/611.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/611.jpg 612,303,Uncial,"VIII ex",788,800,3,279,"Written probably in North or Central Italy after 787, the date when the History of the Lombards was completed. Rewritten most likely at Assisi. On fol. 4 is a late ex-libris (saec. XVII): 'Bibliotecae Sacri Conventus Assisiensis'. The MS was removed from the Sacro Convento to the Biblioteca Comunale in 1884. Repaired at Grotta Ferrata in 1936.",,,,"Paulus Diaconus, Historia Langobardorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66388",,"foll. 180 and 180v ",,," Script is a small uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish; the base of **L** has a vertical finial; the bow of **R** is low; the top of **T** has two downward finials.","☛Primary script of palimpsest 8 foll. ☛C. Cenci, Bibliotheca manuscripta ad sacrum conventum assisiensem 2 1917 bis (p. 540–41).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/612,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/612,"Script is a small uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial A is roundish; the base of L has a vertical finial; the bow of R is low; the top of T has two downward finials.
","Written probably in North or Central Italy after 787, the date when the History of the Lombards was completed. Rewritten most likely at Assisi. On fol. 4 is a late ex-libris (saec. XVII): 'Bibliotecae Sacri Conventus Assisiensis'. The MS was removed from the Sacro Convento to the Biblioteca Comunale in 1884. Repaired at Grotta Ferrata in 1936.
","☛Primary script of palimpsest 8 foll. ☛C. Cenci, Bibliotheca manuscripta ad sacrum conventum assisiensem 2 1917 bis (p. 540–41).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/612.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/612.jpg 613,304,Uncial,V²,451,500,3,280,"Written possibly in Africa in a centre of learning and fine calligraphy. On fol. 221v, originally blank, one of the earliest readers, perhaps the owner of the MS, entered in his characteristic cursive hand (saec. V) a prayer in which one reads ‘tolle omnis cogitationes tribulationes et causas seruorum tuorum iohannis uenantiae fili mei et omnium meorum'. A humanist reader has divided the text into sections. This MS was in the library of S Salvatore, Bologna, where it bore the number 559: the ex-libris, saec. XV, is on foll. 1 and 282v. It was used for the Cesena Lactantius printed in 1570. So far as is known, the MS has always been at Bologna save for the period 1798–1815, when it was removed by Napoleon and taken to Paris.",,,,"Lactantius, Institutiones Divinae (6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66389",,"From foll. 244v, and 241 (de homine), 114 (cesse est), 121v (de), 158v (quibus)",,,"Script is uncial of an ancient type, graceful and expert: the bow of uncial **A** is mostly pointed; the upper bow of **B** is small; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; uncial **M** is broad and the first stroke is often an upright; **P** and **R** have small bows. Marginal entries often of considerable length occur in profusion and are of great palaeographical interest: apart from the translation from the Greek in early uncial (in the latter part of the MS) and the few entries in sloping b- (or b-d) uncial and in half-uncial and some stray notes in sixth- and seventh-century cursive, there are two main cursive hands which are contemporary with the scribe or nearly so: one belongs to the reader (who may be the owner) who marked favourite passages with 'mire' and 'satis mire' and used an **n** shaped like Greek π and a cup-like superior **u**; the other belongs to the translator of the Greek passages (in the first part of the MS), whose script is very rapid and impressionistic and here and there still permits the archaic cursive form of **b** shaped like d. The Greek uncial is good; also the Greek cursive (see fol. 49v).","☛CLA provenance ('doubtless in North or Central Italy') changed to follow CLA S p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/613,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/613,"Script is uncial of an ancient type, graceful and expert: the bow of uncial A is mostly pointed; the upper bow of B is small; the hasta of uncial E is high; uncial M is broad and the first stroke is often an upright; P and R have small bows. Marginal entries often of considerable length occur in profusion and are of great palaeographical interest: apart from the translation from the Greek in early uncial (in the latter part of the MS) and the few entries in sloping b- (or b-d) uncial and in half-uncial and some stray notes in sixth- and seventh-century cursive, there are two main cursive hands which are contemporary with the scribe or nearly so: one belongs to the reader (who may be the owner) who marked favourite passages with 'mire' and 'satis mire' and used an n shaped like Greek π and a cup-like superior u; the other belongs to the translator of the Greek passages (in the first part of the MS), whose script is very rapid and impressionistic and here and there still permits the archaic cursive form of b shaped like d. The Greek uncial is good; also the Greek cursive (see fol. 49v).
","Written possibly in Africa in a centre of learning and fine calligraphy. On fol. 221v, originally blank, one of the earliest readers, perhaps the owner of the MS, entered in his characteristic cursive hand (saec. V) a prayer in which one reads ‘tolle omnis cogitationes tribulationes et causas seruorum tuorum iohannis uenantiae fili mei et omnium meorum'. A humanist reader has divided the text into sections. This MS was in the library of S Salvatore, Bologna, where it bore the number 559: the ex-libris, saec. XV, is on foll. 1 and 282v. It was used for the Cesena Lactantius printed in 1570. So far as is known, the MS has always been at Bologna save for the period 1798–1815, when it was removed by Napoleon and taken to Paris.
","☛CLA provenance ('doubtless in North or Central Italy') changed to follow CLA S p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/613.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/613.jpg 614,305,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,3,281,"Written presumably in North Italy: the MS shares with the Codex Argenteus of Ulfilas now at Upsala and the [Codex Rehdigeranus](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1538) from Aquileia now at Breslau the peculiarity of having the Eusebian canons in arches at the foot of each page. Belonged to the monastery of S Giulia, Brescia. Two fly-leaves at the beginning and two at the end come from a thirteenth century treatise on canon law. The MS is exhibited in the Museo d'Arte Cristiana, and has to be brought to the Library to be consulted.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia. (Vetus latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc). ",Parchment,"Codex Brixianus. Codex Purpureus. (f)",,"TM 66390",,"Two sections from the last page of Luke",,,"Script is a firm and regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the horizontal strokes of uncial **E**, **F**, **L**, **T** have wedge-shaped finials; the tail of **G** is longish; heavy descenders end in a hair-line; **U** at line-ends is often V-shaped; ligature **UI** at line-ends resembles open uncial **Q**.","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 70.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/614,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/614,"Script is a firm and regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the horizontal strokes of uncial E, F, L, T have wedge-shaped finials; the tail of G is longish; heavy descenders end in a hair-line; U at line-ends is often V-shaped; ligature UI at line-ends resembles open uncial Q.
","Written presumably in North Italy: the MS shares with the Codex Argenteus of Ulfilas now at Upsala and the Codex Rehdigeranus from Aquileia now at Breslau the peculiarity of having the Eusebian canons in arches at the foot of each page. Belonged to the monastery of S Giulia, Brescia. Two fly-leaves at the beginning and two at the end come from a thirteenth century treatise on canon law. The MS is exhibited in the Museo d'Arte Cristiana, and has to be brought to the Library to be consulted.
","☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 70.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/614.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/614.jpg 615,306,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,282,"Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by script and decoration.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Isaiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66391",,"fol. 253 ",,,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of the latest type: uncial **E** with cedilla is the rule; **N** has the third stroke comma-shaped; the cross-stroke of **T** has a downward finial at both ends; **FF** and **LL** run together; Greek and Hebrew words are overlined.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/615,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/615,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of the latest type: uncial E with cedilla is the rule; N has the third stroke comma-shaped; the cross-stroke of T has a downward finial at both ends; FF and LL run together; Greek and Hebrew words are overlined.
","Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by script and decoration.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/615.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/615.jpg 616,307,Uncial,V,401,500,3,283,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from the script. Used as fly-leaves to a MS Ordinarium sive Chronica Officiorum Totius Anni 1438 in Italian Gothic written for the monastery of S Giulia, Brescia. The fly-leaves were removed ca. 1860.",3,,,"Cyprianus, Testimonia (Ad Quirinum, fragm.).",Parchment,,,TM66392,,"From page vii",,,"Script is a beautiful uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; **G** has a tiny tag instead of a tail; **L** has hardly any base; the bows of uncial **Q** and **R** are small. Two interlinear corrections in tiny uncial on pages 2 and 7.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/616,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/616,"Script is a beautiful uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high; G has a tiny tag instead of a tail; L has hardly any base; the bows of uncial Q and R are small. Two interlinear corrections in tiny uncial on pages 2 and 7.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from the script. Used as fly-leaves to a MS Ordinarium sive Chronica Officiorum Totius Anni 1438 in Italian Gothic written for the monastery of S Giulia, Brescia. The fly-leaves were removed ca. 1860.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/616.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/616.jpg 617,308,"Beneventan Minuscule","VIII ex (779–797)",779,797,3,284,"Written presumably at Monte Cassino during the abbacy of Theodemar (†797), as appears from the paschal table and entries referring to Monte Cassino abbots in the calendar. The list of 17 codices entered by a somewhat later Beneventan hand on fol. 69 has the item 'etthiomoligarum', which doubtless refers to our MS of the Etymologies.",,41.4916,13.8159,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1.10.1–20.2.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66393",,"From fol. 218 ",,,"Script is an early Beneventan of the tentative period by several hands: **a** is mostly closed; **c** and **d** have two forms; ligatures **te** and **tu** are frequent at line-ends; the **ti**-distinction and the rule for **i**-longa are not yet strictly observed. There is a striking resemblance between one of the hands of this MS and a hand in Paris Lat. 7530 (CLA [5.569](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/931)), which comes from Monte Cassino.",,,,14,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/617,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/617,"Script is an early Beneventan of the tentative period by several hands: a is mostly closed; c and d have two forms; ligatures te and tu are frequent at line-ends; the ti-distinction and the rule for i-longa are not yet strictly observed. There is a striking resemblance between one of the hands of this MS and a hand in Paris Lat. 7530 (CLA 5.569), which comes from Monte Cassino.
","Written presumably at Monte Cassino during the abbacy of Theodemar (†797), as appears from the paschal table and entries referring to Monte Cassino abbots in the calendar. The list of 17 codices entered by a somewhat later Beneventan hand on fol. 69 has the item 'etthiomoligarum', which doubtless refers to our MS of the Etymologies.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/617.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/617.jpg 618,310,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,3,286,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Cicero, In Verrem (2.23.60–61, 2.24.62–63).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59461",,"Whole fragment shown",,,"Script is an informal early type of half-uncial written with a finely pointed quill: uncial **A** is small and mostly uncial; uncial **E** is slender and open; the bows of **P** and uncial **Q** are compressed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/618,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/618,"Script is an informal early type of half-uncial written with a finely pointed quill: uncial A is small and mostly uncial; uncial E is slender and open; the bows of P and uncial Q are compressed.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/618.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/618.jpg 619,311,Half-Uncial,"V ex",476,500,3,287,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (4.66–68, 99–102)",Papyrus,,,"TM 62966",,"Whole fragment shown",,,"Script is a somewhat formal half-uncial by a not very expert scribe: uncial **A** and **S** have the uncial form; the bow of **b** is generous, that of **P** is shrunken; **l** descends below the line; the shoulder of **r** is characteristically sickle-shaped; the upright of **ꞇ** is rounded like a c.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 17 (date V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 11.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/619,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/619,"Script is a somewhat formal half-uncial by a not very expert scribe: uncial A and S have the uncial form; the bow of b is generous, that of P is shrunken; l descends below the line; the shoulder of r is characteristically sickle-shaped; the upright of ꞇ is rounded like a c.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 17 (date V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 11.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/619.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/619.jpg 620,312,"Cursive Half-Uncial",V,401,500,3,288,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Sallustius, Bellum Catilinarium (10.4–5, 11.6–7, with Greek glosses).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62689",,"Entire fragment shown ",,http://www.psi-online.it/documents/psi;1;110,"Script is a rapid half-uncial of an early type: **a** is mostly uncial; **c** and **e** are slender and rise high above the line; **p** and **q** have compressed bows; **i**-longa is used after **ꞇ**.","☛A. Traglia, StudUrb 49 B 1 (1975) p. 349–354. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 490 no. 2932. ☛R. Funari, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 99–103.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/620,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/620,"Script is a rapid half-uncial of an early type: a is mostly uncial; c and e are slender and rise high above the line; p and q have compressed bows; i-longa is used after ꞇ.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛A. Traglia, StudUrb 49 B 1 (1975) p. 349–354. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 490 no. 2932. ☛R. Funari, Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia 4 (2007), p. 99–103.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/620.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/620.jpg 621,313,Quarter-Uncial,V²,451,500,3,289,"Written presumably in Egypt. Acquired by Pistelli at Cairo.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.477–93, paraphrasis).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62965",,"Complete recto shown",,,"Script is a cursive quarter-uncial recalling that of the Probus and Sacerdos MS Naples Lat. 2 (Vindobon. 16) reproduced below, CLA [3.397a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/734): the tops of **c**, **f**, and **s** rise above the line and lean forward; the second stroke of **d** often seems like an upward continuation of the first; **i**-longa occurs after **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ**; the third stroke of **N** is sometimes a mere extension of the second running along the head-line, the whole resembling Greek gamma (Γ); **p** and **q** are slender. The text of the verso, written at right angles to the recto, contains some eight lines in cursive, probably also of the fifth century.","☛CLA original date (V med.) and revised date CLA 6 p. X (IV) changed to follow Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 28. ☛Seider, Paläogr. Lat. II.1, no. 62 pl.35. ☛ChLA 47.1462 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 19.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/621,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/621,"Script is a cursive quarter-uncial recalling that of the Probus and Sacerdos MS Naples Lat. 2 (Vindobon. 16) reproduced below, CLA 3.397a: the tops of c, f, and s rise above the line and lean forward; the second stroke of d often seems like an upward continuation of the first; i-longa occurs after Ᵹ and ꞇ; the third stroke of N is sometimes a mere extension of the second running along the head-line, the whole resembling Greek gamma (Γ); p and q are slender. The text of the verso, written at right angles to the recto, contains some eight lines in cursive, probably also of the fifth century.
","Written presumably in Egypt. Acquired by Pistelli at Cairo.
","☛CLA original date (V med.) and revised date CLA 6 p. X (IV) changed to follow Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 28. ☛Seider, Paläogr. Lat. II.1, no. 62 pl.35. ☛ChLA 47.1462 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/621.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/621.jpg 622,314,Quarter-Uncial,V,401,500,3,290,"Written doubtless in Egypt. Found by Pistelli at Behnesa. For another papyrus containing a Vergil school-text, see CLA [3.367](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/705).",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (2.443–537, Latine et Graece).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62963",,"From the upper half of the verso ",,,"Script is a small, neat quarter-uncial of an early type (the Greek, according to experts, might be assigned to the fourth century): **a** has the uncial form; **N** has two forms; **li** and **ti** are often in ligature. The script in the Latin columns is mostly illegible.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 13 (date V in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 4.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/622,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/622,"Script is a small, neat quarter-uncial of an early type (the Greek, according to experts, might be assigned to the fourth century): a has the uncial form; N has two forms; li and ti are often in ligature. The script in the Latin columns is mostly illegible.
","Written doubtless in Egypt. Found by Pistelli at Behnesa. For another papyrus containing a Vergil school-text, see CLA 3.367.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 13 (date V in). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/622.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/622.jpg 623,315,"Early Half-Uncial",III–IV,201,400,3,291,"Written probably in Egypt. Bought in 1924 at Medinêt-el-Fayûm by Professor Capovilla, who presented it to the Società Italiana per la ricerca dei Papiri greci e latini in Egitto.",,,,"Aesopica Graeco-Latina; Ps- Dositheus (fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59043",,"Recto and verso shown ",,,"The Latin script is an early roundish half-uncial: **A** is still uncial; the hasta of uncial **E** is rather high; the bow of **q** is a longish oval; **f**, **l**, and **r** go far below the line; **u** is cup-shaped. Some experts do not hesitate to assign the Greek script to the third century.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/623,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/623,"The Latin script is an early roundish half-uncial: A is still uncial; the hasta of uncial E is rather high; the bow of q is a longish oval; f, l, and r go far below the line; u is cup-shaped. Some experts do not hesitate to assign the Greek script to the third century.
","Written probably in Egypt. Bought in 1924 at Medinêt-el-Fayûm by Professor Capovilla, who presented it to the Società Italiana per la ricerca dei Papiri greci e latini in Egitto.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/623.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/623.jpg 624,316,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,3,292,"Written in some great centre of calligraphy, probably at Byzantium. Acquired at Cairo by Signorina Medea Norsa in 1933. Found at the ancient Antinoë.",,,,"Gaius, Institutiones (3.153–4, 167–74, 4.16–18, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 59956",,"pages A and K",,,"Script is a stately calligraphic uncial, of a distinct type, also seen in a number of other legal MSS, including the Gaius of Verona and the Laurentian Digests described in CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627), written by a hand accustomed to Greek: the bow of uncial **A** is a low roundish hook; **B** is high, the upper part is open and the lower bow is an oval leaning to the left; the hasta of uncial **E** is fine; the tail of **G** has an upward hook to the right; **O** is made in the Greek manner, with the axis vertical; the bows of **P** and uncial **Q** are full; that of **R** descends to the base-line, the last stroke being almost horizontal; **S** at line-ends has the peculiar form, with comma-like upper stroke, seen in the Florentine Digests. Marginalia in contemporary Greek uncial, very tiny and expert, including some Latin words in b-d uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/624,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624,"Script is a stately calligraphic uncial, of a distinct type, also seen in a number of other legal MSS, including the Gaius of Verona and the Laurentian Digests described in CLA 3.295, written by a hand accustomed to Greek: the bow of uncial A is a low roundish hook; B is high, the upper part is open and the lower bow is an oval leaning to the left; the hasta of uncial E is fine; the tail of G has an upward hook to the right; O is made in the Greek manner, with the axis vertical; the bows of P and uncial Q are full; that of R descends to the base-line, the last stroke being almost horizontal; S at line-ends has the peculiar form, with comma-like upper stroke, seen in the Florentine Digests. Marginalia in contemporary Greek uncial, very tiny and expert, including some Latin words in b-d uncial.
","Written in some great centre of calligraphy, probably at Byzantium. Acquired at Cairo by Signorina Medea Norsa in 1933. Found at the ancient Antinoë.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/624.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/624.jpg 625,317,Uncial,"VI (post 529)",530,600,3,293,"Written in some important Eastern centre, probably at Byzantium, to judge by the type of uncial. Our fragments may come from a copy of the first edition, published in 529. Found in Egypt.",,,,"Codex Iustinianus (7.16.41-42, 7.17.1, fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 65031",,"Portions of the recto and verso shown",,http://www.psi-online.it/documents/psi;13;1347,"Script is a stately, roundish uncial of a distinct type which probably originated at Byzantium and is seen in the Laurentian Digests ([3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)), in the new Gaius leaves ([3.292](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624)), and in a number of other legal fragments (cf. CLA [2.211](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/529)): the bow of uncial **A** is roundish; **B** is tall with the lower bow oval-shaped and inclined to the left; the hasta of uncial **E** is thin; **N** has the two uprights thick and the cross-stroke thin, as in Greek uncial; the bow of **R** descends to the base-line and the last stroke is almost horizontal. Some Latin corrections and some Greek interlinear commentary. In the lower margin of the verso is the Greek monogram Ιοαννης by a later hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/625,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/625,"Script is a stately, roundish uncial of a distinct type which probably originated at Byzantium and is seen in the Laurentian Digests (3.295), in the new Gaius leaves (3.292), and in a number of other legal fragments (cf. CLA 2.211): the bow of uncial A is roundish; B is tall with the lower bow oval-shaped and inclined to the left; the hasta of uncial E is thin; N has the two uprights thick and the cross-stroke thin, as in Greek uncial; the bow of R descends to the base-line and the last stroke is almost horizontal. Some Latin corrections and some Greek interlinear commentary. In the lower margin of the verso is the Greek monogram Ιοαννης by a later hand.
","Written in some important Eastern centre, probably at Byzantium, to judge by the type of uncial. Our fragments may come from a copy of the first edition, published in 529. Found in Egypt.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/625.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/625.jpg 626,318,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,3,294,"Origin uncertain. Purchased in Egypt in 1937. The Exodus fragment in Florence is to be compared with the Genesis fragment in the British Museum (CLA [2.209](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/527)), with which it has points of resemblance.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus latina, Ex 8.16–20, 8.28–9.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 62073",,"Two portions of the verso shown",,,"Script is a delicately formed uncial of an early type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** and the bows of uncial **H** and uncial **Q** are ample; **Y** is tall.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/626,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/626,"Script is a delicately formed uncial of an early type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the lower bow of B and the bows of uncial H and uncial Q are ample; Y is tall.
","Origin uncertain. Purchased in Egypt in 1937. The Exodus fragment in Florence is to be compared with the Genesis fragment in the British Museum (CLA 2.209), with which it has points of resemblance.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/626.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/626.jpg 627,319,"Uncial and Mixed Half-Uncial",VI,533,550,3,295,"Written probably at Byzantium soon after the promulgation of the Code on 16 December 533. A doubtful tradition connects it with South Italy. Was at Pisa by the middle of the twelfth century, where it was regarded as a civic treasure as early as 1284. Taken to Florence in 1406 as a trophy of war. Reached the Laurenziana some time after 1786.",,,,"Iustinianus, Digesta seu Pandecta.",Parchment,"Codex Florentinus.",,"TM 66369",,"foll. 19v and 325 of volume 1",,,"Script is an expert uncial of a definite type found in a number of legal MSS (see CLA [3.293](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/625)), written by not too careful scribes, who often allowed half-uncial elements to slip in (especially **m**, **r**, and **ꞅ**): the bow of uncial **A** is small, low, and rounded; **B** rises above the line, the lower bow resembling an inclined oval; **G** has its tail turning up to the right (in one hand); the upright of **R** descends below the line, the bow touches the line, and the last stroke is almost horizontal. A peculiar half-uncial is used in the prefatory matter (foll. 11v–19), and in marginalia: uncial **A** and **G** have the uncial form, and the tail of **G** turns upward to the right; **R** shows the transition from uncial to half-uncial; **ꞅ** has the peculiar upper stroke resembling an elongated comma. In parts of the MS a large letter begins each column. Numerous interesting marginalia in a variety of scripts, mostly contemporary.","☛Formerly Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (Codex Pisanus F). ☛Seider, Paläographie II.2, no.25. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2 (1972), pl. 64 and 111.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/627,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627,"Script is an expert uncial of a definite type found in a number of legal MSS (see CLA 3.293), written by not too careful scribes, who often allowed half-uncial elements to slip in (especially m, r, and ꞅ): the bow of uncial A is small, low, and rounded; B rises above the line, the lower bow resembling an inclined oval; G has its tail turning up to the right (in one hand); the upright of R descends below the line, the bow touches the line, and the last stroke is almost horizontal. A peculiar half-uncial is used in the prefatory matter (foll. 11v–19), and in marginalia: uncial A and G have the uncial form, and the tail of G turns upward to the right; R shows the transition from uncial to half-uncial; ꞅ has the peculiar upper stroke resembling an elongated comma. In parts of the MS a large letter begins each column. Numerous interesting marginalia in a variety of scripts, mostly contemporary.
","Written probably at Byzantium soon after the promulgation of the Code on 16 December 533. A doubtful tradition connects it with South Italy. Was at Pisa by the middle of the twelfth century, where it was regarded as a civic treasure as early as 1284. Taken to Florence in 1406 as a trophy of war. Reached the Laurenziana some time after 1786.
","☛Formerly Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana (Codex Pisanus F). ☛Seider, Paläographie II.2, no.25. ☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 2 (1972), pl. 64 and 111.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/627.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/627.jpg 628,321,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,3,297a,"Written presumably at Tours, doubtless in the same scriptorium and at the same time as the part in early Caroline minuscule described in the next item, local and Anglo-Saxon scribes collaborating, as in the British Museum Egerton MS of Jerome ([2.196a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/512)–[b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/513)): the presence of some lines in the genuine Tours script (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/629)) and the textual affinity with Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1484, a pure Tours product, support this view. Brought to Italy in 1436 by J. Jouffroy (1412–1473). In the upper margin of fol. 1 over an erasure stands the owner's mark 'Antonii Petrei Florent. Liber No. 70'. A similar entry on foll. 136 and 152v. At the foot of the last page is another erasure, probably also of an early ex-libris.",,,,"Donatus, Interpretationes Vergilianae Aeneidos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66396",,"fol. 9v",,,"Script is a calligraphic Anglo-Saxon minuscule by an expert hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1227. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/628,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/628,"Script is a calligraphic Anglo-Saxon minuscule by an expert hand.
","Written presumably at Tours, doubtless in the same scriptorium and at the same time as the part in early Caroline minuscule described in the next item, local and Anglo-Saxon scribes collaborating, as in the British Museum Egerton MS of Jerome (2.196a–b): the presence of some lines in the genuine Tours script (see next item) and the textual affinity with Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1484, a pure Tours product, support this view. Brought to Italy in 1436 by J. Jouffroy (1412–1473). In the upper margin of fol. 1 over an erasure stands the owner's mark 'Antonii Petrei Florent. Liber No. 70'. A similar entry on foll. 136 and 152v. At the foot of the last page is another erasure, probably also of an early ex-libris.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1227. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/628.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/628.jpg 629,322,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,3,297b,"Written doubtless in the same scriptorium and at the same time as the part in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, which it continues. For the history of the MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/628).",,,,"Donatus, Interpretationes Vergilianae Aeneidos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66396",,"fol. 96v ",,,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule with uncial **A**, **ꝺ**, and **N** appearing here and there; **a** is normally shaped like two contiguous c's; **g** has both bows open and resembles the numeral 3; **f**, **r**, and **ꞅ** have long descenders; **i** after **r** or **t** is apt to rise slightly above the line; ligatures include **ant**, **en**, **mi**, **ret**, **tre**, and **ti** and **tus** at line-ends. The few lines in unmistakably Tours script on fol. 96v are an exception, and only illustrate the wide gap separating two generations of scribes. The state of fol. 120v and the lacuna following suggest that the MS was copied from a defective exemplar.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1227. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/629,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/629,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule with uncial A, ꝺ, and N appearing here and there; a is normally shaped like two contiguous c's; g has both bows open and resembles the numeral 3; f, r, and ꞅ have long descenders; i after r or t is apt to rise slightly above the line; ligatures include ant, en, mi, ret, tre, and ti and tus at line-ends. The few lines in unmistakably Tours script on fol. 96v are an exception, and only illustrate the wide gap separating two generations of scribes. The state of fol. 120v and the lacuna following suggest that the MS was copied from a defective exemplar.
","Written doubtless in the same scriptorium and at the same time as the part in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, which it continues. For the history of the MS see preceding item.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1227. ☛S.A. Landis, 'Transmission of the Interpretationes Vergilianae' Aevum 84 (2010) 519–28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/629.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/629.jpg 630,323,Uncial,VI,501,600,3,298,"Written probably in North Italy, perhaps at Ravenna. The scribe's name, Viliaric, is Gothic. The MS was read and punctuated, in part at least, by a reader familiar with Beneventan methods. It may have been in South Italy in the eleventh century and gone to Florence along with other classical MSS of authenticated South Italian origin.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversum Paganos (1–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66397",,"fol. 20 ",,,"Script is a good calligraphic uncial, not of the oldest type. Marginal entries summarizing contents in contemporary sloping uncial are numerous, a few are in contemporary or seventh-century cursive (foll. 74v, 76v, 80v). Neumes added on fol. 175. The prayer on fol. 101v in sprawling half-uncial (saec. VII?) has an omega-like **a** (**ω**). The tenth-century reader who filled in a blank on foll. 60 and 67 had access to the first decade of Livy. There are points of similarity with Verona XXXIX (37) (CLA [4.496](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/844)), the MS of Cassiodorus' Complexiones.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/630,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/630,"Script is a good calligraphic uncial, not of the oldest type. Marginal entries summarizing contents in contemporary sloping uncial are numerous, a few are in contemporary or seventh-century cursive (foll. 74v, 76v, 80v). Neumes added on fol. 175. The prayer on fol. 101v in sprawling half-uncial (saec. VII?) has an omega-like a (ω). The tenth-century reader who filled in a blank on foll. 60 and 67 had access to the first decade of Livy. There are points of similarity with Verona XXXIX (37) (CLA 4.496), the MS of Cassiodorus' Complexiones.
","Written probably in North Italy, perhaps at Ravenna. The scribe's name, Viliaric, is Gothic. The MS was read and punctuated, in part at least, by a reader familiar with Beneventan methods. It may have been in South Italy in the eleventh century and gone to Florence along with other classical MSS of authenticated South Italian origin.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/630.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/630.jpg 631,324,Uncial,"VII–VIII (ante 716)",601,715,3,299,"Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth at the order of Abbot Ceolfrid (690–716). Of the three complete Bibles executed during his abbacy, it is the only one which has come down intact, twelve leaves of another being now in the British Museum (CLA [3.177](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/492)). It was destined for presentation to St Peter's, Rome, as is attested by the dedicatory verses in front of the volume. Brought to Rome by Ceolfrid's followers after his death on the journey. Reached Monte Amiata probably in the abbacy of Peter the Lombard (saec. IX–X), whose name now stands over 'Ceolfrid' erased. Regarded as an autograph of Pope Gregory the Great as early as 1036. Taken to Rome for the Sixtine revision of the Vulgate (1587–90). Came from Monte Amiata to Florence with other Codices Amiatini in the reign of Peter Leopold, Duke of Etruria (1765–90), later Emperor (1790–2).",,54.9131,-1.3749,"Biblia (Vulgata).",Parchment,"Codex Amiatinus. (A)",,"TM 66398",,"foll. 1006v and 401 (two specimens)",,,"Script of the text is a characteristic, somewhat artificial uncial of the type seen in the Gospel leaves attached to the Utrecht Psalter, in the uncial portion of Durham A. II. 17 and in the Middleton leaves now at the British Museum (CLA [2.150](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/465), [177](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/492)): the bow of uncial **A** is a thin shallow loop; the tail of **G** is a small fine curve to the left; **S** near line-ends is sometimes longish and oblique; **Y** often rises branch-like above the line; horizontal finials and upper curves are forked; in the smaller type of uncial used for capitula **G** has a straight shaded tail and the forked finials are absent, it is the type seen in the Stonyhurst Gospel (CLA [2.260](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579)). The name Servandus in the subscription at the end of Exodus (fol. 86v), which runs O KYRIC CEPBANΔOC AIΠOIHCEN, may refer to the scribe, but it is more likely that it is taken over from the exemplar. Sloping uncial occurs in corrections and in marginalia. Liturgical notes are added in uncial (foll. 526, 903v); neumes occur over a portion of Jeremiah.","☛K. Corsano, 'The First Quire of the Codex Amiatinus and the Institutiones of Cassiodorus.' [Scriptorium 41 (1987) 3–34](http:www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1987_num_41_1_1462). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 21](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/033_tav021b.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/631,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631,"Script of the text is a characteristic, somewhat artificial uncial of the type seen in the Gospel leaves attached to the Utrecht Psalter, in the uncial portion of Durham A. II. 17 and in the Middleton leaves now at the British Museum (CLA 2.150, 177): the bow of uncial A is a thin shallow loop; the tail of G is a small fine curve to the left; S near line-ends is sometimes longish and oblique; Y often rises branch-like above the line; horizontal finials and upper curves are forked; in the smaller type of uncial used for capitula G has a straight shaded tail and the forked finials are absent, it is the type seen in the Stonyhurst Gospel (CLA 2.260). The name Servandus in the subscription at the end of Exodus (fol. 86v), which runs O KYRIC CEPBANΔOC AIΠOIHCEN, may refer to the scribe, but it is more likely that it is taken over from the exemplar. Sloping uncial occurs in corrections and in marginalia. Liturgical notes are added in uncial (foll. 526, 903v); neumes occur over a portion of Jeremiah.
","Written in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth at the order of Abbot Ceolfrid (690–716). Of the three complete Bibles executed during his abbacy, it is the only one which has come down intact, twelve leaves of another being now in the British Museum (CLA 3.177). It was destined for presentation to St Peter's, Rome, as is attested by the dedicatory verses in front of the volume. Brought to Rome by Ceolfrid's followers after his death on the journey. Reached Monte Amiata probably in the abbacy of Peter the Lombard (saec. IX–X), whose name now stands over 'Ceolfrid' erased. Regarded as an autograph of Pope Gregory the Great as early as 1036. Taken to Rome for the Sixtine revision of the Vulgate (1587–90). Came from Monte Amiata to Florence with other Codices Amiatini in the reign of Peter Leopold, Duke of Etruria (1765–90), later Emperor (1790–2).
","☛K. Corsano, 'The First Quire of the Codex Amiatinus and the Institutiones of Cassiodorus.' Scriptorium 41 (1987) 3–34. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 21.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/631.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/631.jpg 632,326,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VII ex (ca. 680)",675,685,3,300,"Written in France, doubtless in the region which produced such MSS as the Luxeuil lectionary ([Paris Lat. 9427](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943)) and the MS of Gregory's Moralia (see CLA [2.163](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478)). The MS opens with the two acrostics on fol. 1v entered by the original hand in alternate red and green capitals: DESIDERIUS PAPA and VIVAT DEO. The volume was destined, then, for a bishop Desiderius. A bishop of that name ruled the see of Ivrea towards the end of the seventh century, a date congruous with the palaeography of the MS. On fol. 2v a ninth or tenth-century entry reads 'Multos annos petronem diaconum deus conseruet Amen'. The MS was repaired in the Vatican Library in 1913.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, De Cura Pastorali.",Parchment,,,"TM 66399",,"foll. 51v and 56",,,"Script is an excellent example of the 'Luxeuil' type of minuscule written by an expert hand: letters lean slightly to the left; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound; uncial is used for the capitula on foll. 2v–3v, and 54–55v. An entry in Italian cursive saec. VIII is seen on the last page.","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow Ganz, Luxeuil (ca. 680), who notes three scribes. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 5, agrees with Ganz's date.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/632,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/632,"Script is an excellent example of the 'Luxeuil' type of minuscule written by an expert hand: letters lean slightly to the left; the ti ligature is used indifferently for the soft and the hard sound; uncial is used for the capitula on foll. 2v–3v, and 54–55v. An entry in Italian cursive saec. VIII is seen on the last page.
","Written in France, doubtless in the region which produced such MSS as the Luxeuil lectionary (Paris Lat. 9427) and the MS of Gregory's Moralia (see CLA 2.163). The MS opens with the two acrostics on fol. 1v entered by the original hand in alternate red and green capitals: DESIDERIUS PAPA and VIVAT DEO. The volume was destined, then, for a bishop Desiderius. A bishop of that name ruled the see of Ivrea towards the end of the seventh century, a date congruous with the palaeography of the MS. On fol. 2v a ninth or tenth-century entry reads 'Multos annos petronem diaconum deus conseruet Amen'. The MS was repaired in the Vatican Library in 1913.
","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow Ganz, Luxeuil (ca. 680), who notes three scribes. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 5, agrees with Ganz's date.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/632.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/632.jpg 633,327,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,301,"Written presumably in Italy. The leaf was manifestly removed from a binding; the numbers L and XLIII are probably shelf shelfmarks entered in modern times.",3,,,"Ps- Apuleius (fragmentum indicis).",Parchment,,,"TM 66400",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a fair calligraphic uncial of a late type. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/633,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/633,"Script is a fair calligraphic uncial of a late type.
","Written presumably in Italy. The leaf was manifestly removed from a binding; the numbers L and XLIII are probably shelf shelfmarks entered in modern times.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/633.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/633.jpg 634,328,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,302,"Written presumably in North Italy. The bifolium was manifestly removed from some binding.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Ier 36.29–37.9, 42.1–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66401",,"From the opening 1v and 2",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline Italian minuscule of a type found in the North: **a** and **d** have two forms; here and there **e** has a tag to the left; the upright of **h** often bends back; occasionally **r** has the uncial form; the top of **t** usually descends in a low loop to the left; the ligatures **mi**, **ni**, **ri** occur; the form of the **nt** ligature is noteworthy.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1578",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/634,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/634,"Script is a pre-Caroline Italian minuscule of a type found in the North: a and d have two forms; here and there e has a tag to the left; the upright of h often bends back; occasionally r has the uncial form; the top of t usually descends in a low loop to the left; the ligatures mi, ni, ri occur; the form of the nt ligature is noteworthy.
","Written presumably in North Italy. The bifolium was manifestly removed from some binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1578
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/634.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/634.jpg 635,329,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII (787 or 796)",787,796,3,303a,"Written no doubt at Lucca, the precise year being either 787 or 796, to judge from the chronological entry on fol. 30.",,,,"Eusebius, Chronicon; Hieronymus, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66402",,"fol. 10v ",,,"Script is a small pointed pre-Caroline minuscule which leans to the left and has features recalling Visigothic minuscule: open **a** is very open; **ꝺ** is more common than **d**; **g** is curiously top-heavy and altogether unlike the form typical of Visigothic MSS; the shoulder of **r** curves boldly upwards; **t** has the Visigothic form; **i**-longa occurs initially; there are numerous ligatures: **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the script has some kinship with that seen in parts of foll. 49, 71, 95, etc. (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/636)); the scribe seems to have collaborated on the second part of the Liber Pontificalis, but there he regularly writes uncial.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/635,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/635,"Script is a small pointed pre-Caroline minuscule which leans to the left and has features recalling Visigothic minuscule: open a is very open; ꝺ is more common than d; g is curiously top-heavy and altogether unlike the form typical of Visigothic MSS; the shoulder of r curves boldly upwards; t has the Visigothic form; i-longa occurs initially; there are numerous ligatures: ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the script has some kinship with that seen in parts of foll. 49, 71, 95, etc. (see next item); the scribe seems to have collaborated on the second part of the Liber Pontificalis, but there he regularly writes uncial.
","Written no doubt at Lucca, the precise year being either 787 or 796, to judge from the chronological entry on fol. 30.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/635.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/635.jpg 636,330,"Uncial and Mixed Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,303b,"Written no doubt at Lucca.",,,,"Isidorus, Chronicon, De Natura Rerum, De Officiis Ecclesiasticis; Liber Pontificalis; Gregorius Nazianzenus, Epistulae (Rescriptum ad Augustinum); Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus. ",Parchment,,,"TM 92037",,"foll. 119 and 214",,,"Scripts represent a variety of types, for the most part hybrid and debased: uncial **FF** and **LL** run together (the uncial scribe of foll. 236 ff. used regularly minuscule **b** in **NO**, **PR**, etc.; he unexpectedly drops into b-d uncial on fol. 260, l. 20 continuing to the foot of the page); in the minuscule portions the shoulder of **r** often sweeps over the following letter; **i**-longa occurs; **e** in ligature often has the lower bow reversed, as in Insular cursive; **ti** ligature is used both for hard and soft ti; an interesting type, used by a scribe under Visigothic influence, who regularly writes uncial **ꝺ** and **G** is seen on foll. 49, 71, 95, 119, 137, 153; this scribe certainly held a leading position in the scriptorium, and the attempt has been made to identify him with Bishop John I (780–800); the script of ‘III. De Malta' on fol. 211v seems to be identical with that of 'presbiter Danihel' whose signature is found in Lucca charters of the year 816; the uncial script on foll. 170–172, 175v–176, 202, and 332v–333, and the entries on foll. 273v and 287 are probably by the hand which wrote the Chronica Hieronymi in minuscule (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/635)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 2524. ☛V. Brown, B. Bischoff, Mediaeval Studies 47 (1985), p. 352. ☛L. Schiaparelli, Il codice 490 della biblioteca capitolare di Lucca (Rome, 1924). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 48](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/072_tav048.pdf).",3,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/636,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/636,"Scripts represent a variety of types, for the most part hybrid and debased: uncial FF and LL run together (the uncial scribe of foll. 236 ff. used regularly minuscule b in NO, PR, etc.; he unexpectedly drops into b-d uncial on fol. 260, l. 20 continuing to the foot of the page); in the minuscule portions the shoulder of r often sweeps over the following letter; i-longa occurs; e in ligature often has the lower bow reversed, as in Insular cursive; ti ligature is used both for hard and soft ti; an interesting type, used by a scribe under Visigothic influence, who regularly writes uncial ꝺ and G is seen on foll. 49, 71, 95, 119, 137, 153; this scribe certainly held a leading position in the scriptorium, and the attempt has been made to identify him with Bishop John I (780–800); the script of ‘III. De Malta' on fol. 211v seems to be identical with that of 'presbiter Danihel' whose signature is found in Lucca charters of the year 816; the uncial script on foll. 170–172, 175v–176, 202, and 332v–333, and the entries on foll. 273v and 287 are probably by the hand which wrote the Chronica Hieronymi in minuscule (see preceding item).
","Written no doubt at Lucca.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 2524. ☛V. Brown, B. Bischoff, Mediaeval Studies 47 (1985), p. 352. ☛L. Schiaparelli, Il codice 490 della biblioteca capitolare di Lucca (Rome, 1924). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 48.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/636.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/636.jpg 637,331,"Uncial and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,303c,"Written no doubt at Lucca.",,,,"Liber Receptarum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 92038",,"fol. 217 ",,,"Script is a debased uncial interspersed with minuscule elements: minuscule **b** and **n** are used regularly, half-uncial **Ᵹ** occasionally; the uncial **S** has the upper curve reversed (i.e. cup-shaped); fol. 217 is in pre-Caroline minuscule with many ligatures: **ti** ligature occurs both for hard and soft ti. On fol. 232v, originally left blank, a contemporary pre-Caroline minuscule hand entered the poem 'Gregorius presul meritis'.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/637,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/637,"Script is a debased uncial interspersed with minuscule elements: minuscule b and n are used regularly, half-uncial Ᵹ occasionally; the uncial S has the upper curve reversed (i.e. cup-shaped); fol. 217 is in pre-Caroline minuscule with many ligatures: ti ligature occurs both for hard and soft ti. On fol. 232v, originally left blank, a contemporary pre-Caroline minuscule hand entered the poem 'Gregorius presul meritis'.
","Written no doubt at Lucca.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/637.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/637.jpg 638,332,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,3,303d,"Written no doubt at Lucca.",,,,"Canonum Collectio Hispana.",Parchment,,,"TM 92039",,"fol. 291 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a late uncial with occasional intrusion of minuscule: **b**, **n**, **ꞅ**, the cursive ligatures **ri**, **ti** (for hard ti), the curious leaf-like uncial **Ep**, and **ur**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/638,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/638,"Script, by several hands, is a late uncial with occasional intrusion of minuscule: b, n, ꞅ, the cursive ligatures ri, ti (for hard ti), the curious leaf-like uncial Ep, and ur.
","Written no doubt at Lucca.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/638.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/638.jpg 639,333,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,3,303e,"Written no doubt at Lucca. The name Jacobus in the introductory verses to 'De Natura Rerum' has been identified with the Bishop of Lucca (801–18), but hardly on sufficient evidence.",,,,"Beda, De Natura Rerum; Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (18(?).31, 309-335, 365). ",Parchment,,,"TM 92040",,"fol. 322v ",,,"Script is uncial of the latest type with frequent intrusions of minuscule or cursive elements; here and there (foll. 322v, 323) the scribe drops into pre-Caroline minuscule of a type which he uses for the poem entered on fol. 232v (see CLA [3.303c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/637)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/639,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/639,"Script is uncial of the latest type with frequent intrusions of minuscule or cursive elements; here and there (foll. 322v, 323) the scribe drops into pre-Caroline minuscule of a type which he uses for the poem entered on fol. 232v (see CLA 3.303c).
","Written no doubt at Lucca. The name Jacobus in the introductory verses to 'De Natura Rerum' has been identified with the Bishop of Lucca (801–18), but hardly on sufficient evidence.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/639.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/639.jpg 640,334,"Mixed Uncial",VIII–IX,701,900,3,303f,"Written presumably at Lucca.",,,,"Genealogiae Totius Bibliotecae.",Parchment,,,"TM 92041",,"fol. 349",,,"Script is rather small uncial, here and there mixed with minuscule (**b**, **n**, **ꞅ**); ligatures like **est**, **ti** ligature (for hard i) occur; **LL** run together.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/640,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/640,"Script is rather small uncial, here and there mixed with minuscule (b, n, ꞅ); ligatures like est, ti ligature (for hard i) occur; LL run together.
","Written presumably at Lucca.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/640.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/640.jpg 641,335,"Cursive Minuscule",VI,501,600,3,304,"Written in North Italy, probably at Milan. Belonged to the monastery of S Ambrogio, Milan, where it was regarded as the autograph of Rufinus, to whom the version was attributed. Given to Cardinal Federico Borromeo for the Ambrosiana in 1605.",,,,"Flavius Iosephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae (5.334–10.204).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61316",,"p. 161",,,"Script is a very expert flowing cursive minuscule with numerous old ligatures; there is a distinct inclination to the right; several scribes collaborated: pp. 1–16 are by a hand using cursive **g** and **n**, p. 17–184 by a hand using uncial **G** normally, cursive **g** in ligature and uncial **N** more frequently than the minuscule; the broken form of **c** is very frequent; **a** and **u** are frequently suprascript; **i**-longa is used regularly initially and medially, but also in mid-word after **r** or **t**, a feature of older scripts; **z** in both hands goes well below the line, a North Italian characteristic. Numerous marginalia in ordinary minuscule saec. X.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 23](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/035_tav023a.pdf).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/641,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/641,"Script is a very expert flowing cursive minuscule with numerous old ligatures; there is a distinct inclination to the right; several scribes collaborated: pp. 1–16 are by a hand using cursive g and n, p. 17–184 by a hand using uncial G normally, cursive g in ligature and uncial N more frequently than the minuscule; the broken form of c is very frequent; a and u are frequently suprascript; i-longa is used regularly initially and medially, but also in mid-word after r or t, a feature of older scripts; z in both hands goes well below the line, a North Italian characteristic. Numerous marginalia in ordinary minuscule saec. X.
","Written in North Italy, probably at Milan. Belonged to the monastery of S Ambrogio, Milan, where it was regarded as the autograph of Rufinus, to whom the version was attributed. Given to Cardinal Federico Borromeo for the Ambrosiana in 1605.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 23.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/641.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/641.jpg 642,336,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,305,"Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. The leaf was used as a wrapper for holding papyrus fragments.",0,,,"Iuvenalis, Saturae (14.250–56, 268–91, 303–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 66403",,"Entire verso shown",,,"Script is a small, neat half-uncial: **Ᵹ** has a well-developed lower bow; the first upright of **N** often descends below the line; the shoulder of **r** is mostly shallow; **Y** rises above the line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/642,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/642,"Script is a small, neat half-uncial: Ᵹ has a well-developed lower bow; the first upright of N often descends below the line; the shoulder of r is mostly shallow; Y rises above the line.
","Origin uncertain, most likely Italy. The leaf was used as a wrapper for holding papyrus fragments.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/642.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/642.jpg 643,337,"Mixed Half-Uncial",V–VI,401,600,3,306,"Written no doubt in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Re-used about 1100 for copying a Christian work in Arabic. Acquired by the Ambrosian Library in 1910 from a dealer. The actual place of origin or provenance is unknown.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis cum versione Graeca (1.588–608, 649–68, 689–708, 729–33, 735–48).",Parchment,,,"TM 62964",,"fol. 116 ",,,"Script is a small and somewhat mannered half-uncial of an early or mixed type: uncial **A** and **G** are uncial;. **b**, **d**, **m**, and **r** are half-uncial; **m** and **r** have the rectangular form (see CLA [2.248](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)); the cross-stroke stroke of **ꞇ** has a downward finial at both ends; **i**-longa is the rule initially.","☛Formerly Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana Cimelio MS 3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 7 (date IV–V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 7.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/643,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/643,"Script is a small and somewhat mannered half-uncial of an early or mixed type: uncial A and G are uncial;. b, d, m, and r are half-uncial; m and r have the rectangular form (see CLA 2.248); the cross-stroke stroke of ꞇ has a downward finial at both ends; i-longa is the rule initially.
","Written no doubt in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Re-used about 1100 for copying a Christian work in Arabic. Acquired by the Ambrosian Library in 1910 from a dealer. The actual place of origin or provenance is unknown.
","☛Formerly Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana Cimelio MS 3. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 7 (date IV–V). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/643.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/643.jpg 644,338,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,307,"Origin uncertain, but quite probably Bobbio. The Bobbio MSS came into the Ambrosiana in 1606, or soon after, as gifts from Cardinal Federico Borromeo, who had them from the monks of St Columbanus at Bobbio. The older MSS of the Ambrosiana have an ex-libris by Antonio Olgiati, its first Prefect.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Ez 26.17–27.9, 27.33–28.11).",Parchment,,,"TM 66404",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a bold, expert uncial: the bows of **B** and **R** are open; the second arch of uncial **M** is smaller than the first.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/644,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/644,"Script is a bold, expert uncial: the bows of B and R are open; the second arch of uncial M is smaller than the first.
","Origin uncertain, but quite probably Bobbio. The Bobbio MSS came into the Ambrosiana in 1606, or soon after, as gifts from Cardinal Federico Borromeo, who had them from the monks of St Columbanus at Bobbio. The older MSS of the Ambrosiana have an ex-libris by Antonio Olgiati, its first Prefect.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/644.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/644.jpg 645,339,"North Italian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,308,"Written in North Italy. Belonged to Bobbio: was No. 100 in the inventory of 1461. The usual ex-libris (see CLA [3.352](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/690), [353](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/691)) stands on fol. 1 (cf. also foll. 117, 213v). At the end of the MS in a later hand using the same script are a number of additions including a litany which on fol. 214v has 'ut imperatoribus nosr hluduiuucus et luthari uitam et sanitatem adque uictoriam tones’ which dates this addition as prior to 840.",,,,"Isidorus, Liber Differentiarum; Glossarium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66405",,"foll. 63v-64, 214v",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of North Italian type with a number of cursive elements: the broken form of **c** is very common; **i**-longa occurs, and the ligature **ti** is used indifferently for the hard and soft sounds of ti; capital **B** and **L** at the beginning of a sentence are apt to have the Insular majuscule forms.","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Bénéd. 78 (1968), p. 247–8 argues Bobbio provenance is uncertain. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2623. ",,,12,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/645,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/645,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of North Italian type with a number of cursive elements: the broken form of c is very common; i-longa occurs, and the ligature ti is used indifferently for the hard and soft sounds of ti; capital B and L at the beginning of a sentence are apt to have the Insular majuscule forms.
","Written in North Italy. Belonged to Bobbio: was No. 100 in the inventory of 1461. The usual ex-libris (see CLA 3.352, 353) stands on fol. 1 (cf. also foll. 117, 213v). At the end of the MS in a later hand using the same script are a number of additions including a litany which on fol. 214v has 'ut imperatoribus nosr hluduiuucus et luthari uitam et sanitatem adque uictoriam tones’ which dates this addition as prior to 840.
","☛P. Engelbert, Rev. Bénéd. 78 (1968), p. 247–8 argues Bobbio provenance is uncertain. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2623.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/645.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/645.jpg 646,340,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,3,309,"Origin Bobbio. According to the long colophon on foll. 241v–242 the MS was written by the scribe Georgio for Abbot Anastasius, whose name occurs in a charter of the year 749. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 77 are seen on fol. 1; another ex-libris occurs on fol. 7. Entered the Ambrosian Library in 1606.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 66406",,"fol. 14v ",,,"Script is a characteristic but not very expert uncial: noteworthy are the **ꝺ** with its horizontal finial, the **N** with the comma-like third stroke joining the middle stroke well above the base-line, the **X** with the second stroke like reversed s; **Y** is dotted; **LL** run together; many thick down strokes end in a hair-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/646,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/646,"Script is a characteristic but not very expert uncial: noteworthy are the ꝺ with its horizontal finial, the N with the comma-like third stroke joining the middle stroke well above the base-line, the X with the second stroke like reversed s; Y is dotted; LL run together; many thick down strokes end in a hair-line.
","Origin Bobbio. According to the long colophon on foll. 241v–242 the MS was written by the scribe Georgio for Abbot Anastasius, whose name occurs in a charter of the year 749. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 77 are seen on fol. 1; another ex-libris occurs on fol. 7. Entered the Ambrosian Library in 1606.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/646.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/646.jpg 647,341,"Uncial and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,3,310,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the almost contemporary minuscule following the uncial on foll. 2v–3v (the blank space on fol. 3v is continued by a life of S Lucia in ordinary minuscule saec. X–XI). The fragment was found by A. Ceruti, Prefect of the Ambrosiana, among miscellaneous charters.",,,,"Passio Sancti Vincentii; Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc, Act (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66407",,"fol. 2v ",,,"The uncial script is firm, but of the studied later type; the minuscule is of an interesting pre-Caroline variety with closed **ꞇ** and occasionally uncial **G**; the ligature **ri** resembles n with the second upright drawn below the line; certain letter-forms (e.g. **z**) and ligatures are typically North Italian.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/647,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/647,"The uncial script is firm, but of the studied later type; the minuscule is of an interesting pre-Caroline variety with closed ꞇ and occasionally uncial G; the ligature ri resembles n with the second upright drawn below the line; certain letter-forms (e.g. z) and ligatures are typically North Italian.
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the almost contemporary minuscule following the uncial on foll. 2v–3v (the blank space on fol. 3v is continued by a life of S Lucia in ordinary minuscule saec. X–XI). The fragment was found by A. Ceruti, Prefect of the Ambrosiana, among miscellaneous charters.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/647.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/647.jpg 648,342,"Irish Minuscule","VII ex ",680,691,3,311,"Written at Bangor in northern Ireland during the abbacy of Colman (680–91), according to the hymn entered by a contemporary hand on the last page. This makes the MS one of the important landmarks in Insular calligraphy. There is no precise record of the time it reached Bobbio, nor any sign of its having been used there. A MS of similar contents and doubtless with a similar history survives in part in [Turin Cod. 882 N. 8](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/802), formerly F. IV. 1, fasc. 9. The present binding of our MS dates from 1913.",,54.6542,-5.6731,"Antiphonarium (Vetus Latina).",Parchment,"Bangor Antiphonary.",,"TM 66408",,"fol. 10 ",,,"Script is an early example of Irish minuscule by more than one hand: **a**, **d**, **g**, and **n** have two forms; **m** is occasionally turned sideways, as in other Irish MSS; **Ᵹ** in ligature is s-shaped; **u** is often suprascript; **y** has both branches curving to the right, an Irish feature; shafts of tall letters have the characteristic wedge-shaped finial. Irish majuscule is used for headings. Initials have either the half-uncial or uncial form.","☛Introduction and diplomatic edition by F. E. Warren [here](https://archive.org/details/TheAntiphonaryOfBangor). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 26](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/040_tav026a.pdf).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/648,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/648,"Script is an early example of Irish minuscule by more than one hand: a, d, g, and n have two forms; m is occasionally turned sideways, as in other Irish MSS; Ᵹ in ligature is s-shaped; u is often suprascript; y has both branches curving to the right, an Irish feature; shafts of tall letters have the characteristic wedge-shaped finial. Irish majuscule is used for headings. Initials have either the half-uncial or uncial form.
","Written at Bangor in northern Ireland during the abbacy of Colman (680–91), according to the hymn entered by a contemporary hand on the last page. This makes the MS one of the important landmarks in Insular calligraphy. There is no precise record of the time it reached Bobbio, nor any sign of its having been used there. A MS of similar contents and doubtless with a similar history survives in part in Turin Cod. 882 N. 8, formerly F. IV. 1, fasc. 9. The present binding of our MS dates from 1913.
","☛Introduction and diplomatic edition by F. E. Warren here. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 26.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/648.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/648.jpg 649,343,"Irish Majuscule verging on Minuscule","VII ex",676,700,3,312,"Written probably at Bobbio. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with number 40 stands at the top of fol. 1.",,44.7701,9.386,"Basilius Caesariensis, Regula (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66409",,"foll. 28, 36",,,"Script is a peculiar, not very expert type of Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, written by a scribe not native to the Irish manner—it bears some resemblance to the script of the Codex Usserianus Primus (CLA [2.271](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590)) and that of the Ambrosian MS of Orosius described below (CLA [3.328](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664)): **d** is normally half-uncial; both forms of **N** occur; **r** and **ꞅ** are half-uncial. Marginal corrections in the script of the text, some by later hands, and a number of entries in North Italian tachygraphic notes are seen on foll. 8, 13, 17v, 23v, 39v, etc.",,4,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/649,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/649,"Script is a peculiar, not very expert type of Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, written by a scribe not native to the Irish manner—it bears some resemblance to the script of the Codex Usserianus Primus (CLA 2.271) and that of the Ambrosian MS of Orosius described below (CLA 3.328): d is normally half-uncial; both forms of N occur; r and ꞅ are half-uncial. Marginal corrections in the script of the text, some by later hands, and a number of entries in North Italian tachygraphic notes are seen on foll. 8, 13, 17v, 23v, 39v, etc.
","Written probably at Bobbio. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with number 40 stands at the top of fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/649.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/649.jpg 650,344,Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,313,"Written in North Italy. The liturgical marginalia point to some diocese influenced by Milan, but not to Milan itself; Dom Morin has suggested Aquileia. Later history is unknown. The MS was bought by Cardinal Federico Borromeo 'ab haeredibus Francisci Cicerei' in 1605.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,"Codex Mediolanensis. (M)",,"TM 66410",,"fol. 25",,,"Script is a well-formed regular uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is curiously triangular. Besides the contemporary Eusebian canons, which are throughout in Greek, there are many liturgical marginalia in interesting cursive saec. VII.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 95.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/650,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/650,"Script is a well-formed regular uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of A is curiously triangular. Besides the contemporary Eusebian canons, which are throughout in Greek, there are many liturgical marginalia in interesting cursive saec. VII.
","Written in North Italy. The liturgical marginalia point to some diocese influenced by Milan, but not to Milan itself; Dom Morin has suggested Aquileia. Later history is unknown. The MS was bought by Cardinal Federico Borromeo 'ab haeredibus Francisci Cicerei' in 1605.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 95.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/650.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/650.jpg 651,345,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,314,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. It bears the number 23 in the inventory of 1461. On p. 123 down the margin is an entry in imitation Rustic capital which reads: 'VVALFRIT USQ· HIC LEGIT.'",,44.7701,9.386,"Eugippius, Excerpta ex Operibus Augustini. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66411",,"page 79",,,"Script is a natural but not very careful uncial of a late type: the lower bow of **B** is distinctly protruding; the bow of uncial **Q** is often a long well-shaped oval; the lower left limb of **X** turns in; **Y** is dotted. Marginalia in contemporary cursive, some arranged in the form of a triangle (see p. 77, 103, 110, 133, etc.). An Irish reader whose hand is also seen in F. 60 sup. (CLA [3.337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/673)) made a cross and Z-like sign opposite many passages in the first part of the MS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/651,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/651,"Script is a natural but not very careful uncial of a late type: the lower bow of B is distinctly protruding; the bow of uncial Q is often a long well-shaped oval; the lower left limb of X turns in; Y is dotted. Marginalia in contemporary cursive, some arranged in the form of a triangle (see p. 77, 103, 110, 133, etc.). An Irish reader whose hand is also seen in F. 60 sup. (CLA 3.337) made a cross and Z-like sign opposite many passages in the first part of the MS.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. It bears the number 23 in the inventory of 1461. On p. 123 down the margin is an entry in imitation Rustic capital which reads: 'VVALFRIT USQ· HIC LEGIT.'
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/651.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/651.jpg 652,346,Uncial,VI,501,600,3,315,"Written in Italy, no doubt in the North. The contents are Arian and heretical and belong to a group of manuscripts from Bobbio which were used for rewriting, probably discarded because of their subject-matter.",,,,"Anonymus, Expositio in Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66412",,"page 16",,,"Script is a well-formed uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish; the upper bow of **B** is small; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the loop open; **N** is broad and the oblique stroke is thick; the lower left leg of **X** turns in.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/652,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/652,"Script is a well-formed uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial A is roundish; the upper bow of B is small; the hasta of uncial E is high and the loop open; N is broad and the oblique stroke is thick; the lower left leg of X turns in.
","Written in Italy, no doubt in the North. The contents are Arian and heretical and belong to a group of manuscripts from Bobbio which were used for rewriting, probably discarded because of their subject-matter.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/652.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/652.jpg 653,347,Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,316,"Written probably in Italy; a number of other MSS containing apocryphal matter were used for rewriting about the same time at Bobbio. It is now extremely illegible, and many pages are stained by reagent.",3,,,"Genesis Parva; Assumptio Moyses.",Parchment,,,"TM 66413",,"page 79",,,"Script is rather stiff and regular dignified uncial: the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the loop closed; the oblique stroke of **N** is thick; **O** is broad and the axis is almost vertical; the bow of **R** comes down low; the general impression is that of a hand accustomed to writing Gothic uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/653,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/653,"Script is rather stiff and regular dignified uncial: the hasta of uncial E is high and the loop closed; the oblique stroke of N is thick; O is broad and the axis is almost vertical; the bow of R comes down low; the general impression is that of a hand accustomed to writing Gothic uncial.
","Written probably in Italy; a number of other MSS containing apocryphal matter were used for rewriting about the same time at Bobbio. It is now extremely illegible, and many pages are stained by reagent.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/653.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/653.jpg 654,348,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,317,"Written at Bobbio. Signed by the scribe in uncial after the coloured colophon on fol. 151: ‘DEO FAUENTE NAZERIS PECCATORE SCRIBENTE.’ The usual Bobbio ex-libris, without a number, is seen in the top margin of fol. 1; the later ex-libris, of the Congregation of St Justina, and the number 58 stand at the top of fol. 1; the MS is numbered 99 in the inventory of 1461.",,44.7701,9.386,"Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66414",,"fol. 135 ",,,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish; the oblique stroke of **N** is often slightly curved and now and then transected by the second upright; the bow of **R** comes down low; the top of **T** bends down to the left and the base has a hair-line; **Z** has a prancing form characteristically North Italian (fol. 32v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/654,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/654,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial A is roundish; the oblique stroke of N is often slightly curved and now and then transected by the second upright; the bow of R comes down low; the top of T bends down to the left and the base has a hair-line; Z has a prancing form characteristically North Italian (fol. 32v).
","Written at Bobbio. Signed by the scribe in uncial after the coloured colophon on fol. 151: ‘DEO FAUENTE NAZERIS PECCATORE SCRIBENTE.’ The usual Bobbio ex-libris, without a number, is seen in the top margin of fol. 1; the later ex-libris, of the Congregation of St Justina, and the number 58 stand at the top of fol. 1; the MS is numbered 99 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/654.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/654.jpg 655,349,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,3,318,"Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona. Used for rewriting at Bobbio saec. VIII; for its later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/654).",,,,"Clemens Romanus, Recognitiones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66415",,"fol. 35v ",,,"Script is a careful, though not very expert, half-uncial of an old type: the form of uncial **A** is often almost uncial; the loop of **e** is closed; the bow of **Ᵹ** is well rounded, but barely descends below the line; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin, the uprights are thick; the shoulder of **r** descends considerably; **ꞇ** resembles c with an approach stroke; altogether there is a resemblance to the script of [Verona 55 (53)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/859). Marginalia in small contemporary half-uncial are seen on foll. 116 and 127.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/655,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/655,"Script is a careful, though not very expert, half-uncial of an old type: the form of uncial A is often almost uncial; the loop of e is closed; the bow of Ᵹ is well rounded, but barely descends below the line; the oblique stroke of N is thin, the uprights are thick; the shoulder of r descends considerably; ꞇ resembles c with an approach stroke; altogether there is a resemblance to the script of Verona 55 (53). Marginalia in small contemporary half-uncial are seen on foll. 116 and 127.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona. Used for rewriting at Bobbio saec. VIII; for its later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/655.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/655.jpg 656,350,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,3,319,"Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona. This part of the MS has no Bobbio ex-libris and is apparently not included in the Bobbio inventory. The binding is modern, but the two parts came from Bobbio together, according to the notice entered at the beginning of the MS by Olgiati, the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana.",,,,"Severianus, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66416",,"fol. 182v",,,"Script is a not very expert half-uncial of an old type: **a** is now closed, now open; the hasta of **F** is not high; the half-uncial form of **Ᵹ** looks squelched, here and there the uncial form occurs; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin, the uprights thick; **ꞇ** resembles c with an extensive approach stroke; the lower left leg of **x** often turns in; the shafts of tall letters often have a little tag to the left. An uncial hand saec. VI ex. made corrections and additions in the margin (foll. 173, 182). Marginalia in seventh and eighth century cursive are seen as probationes pennae on many pages: the one on fol. 182v has the **e** with the reversed lower bow and the form of **ꞅꞅ** run together found in North Italian charters and MSS. A few shorthand symbols of the type used by North Italian notaries occur on fol. 241v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/656,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/656,"Script is a not very expert half-uncial of an old type: a is now closed, now open; the hasta of F is not high; the half-uncial form of Ᵹ looks squelched, here and there the uncial form occurs; the oblique stroke of N is thin, the uprights thick; ꞇ resembles c with an extensive approach stroke; the lower left leg of x often turns in; the shafts of tall letters often have a little tag to the left. An uncial hand saec. VI ex. made corrections and additions in the margin (foll. 173, 182). Marginalia in seventh and eighth century cursive are seen as probationes pennae on many pages: the one on fol. 182v has the e with the reversed lower bow and the form of ꞅꞅ run together found in North Italian charters and MSS. A few shorthand symbols of the type used by North Italian notaries occur on fol. 241v.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona. This part of the MS has no Bobbio ex-libris and is apparently not included in the Bobbio inventory. The binding is modern, but the two parts came from Bobbio together, according to the notice entered at the beginning of the MS by Olgiati, the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/656.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/656.jpg 657,351,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,320,"Written probably at Bobbio, to judge by the general character of the script. Later used as a fly-leaf of a Bobbio MS of Isidorus. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris stands in the top margin of fol. 1.",,44.7701,9.386,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Is 60.4–61.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 66417",,"fol. 245v ",,,"Script is regular, rather heavy, but calligraphic uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is compressed and made with thin strokes; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the loop closed; the two bows of uncial **M** are closed; the axis of **O** is almost vertical; the bow of **R** is low and open; **T** has an upward hair-line at the base.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/657,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/657,"Script is regular, rather heavy, but calligraphic uncial: the bow of uncial A is compressed and made with thin strokes; the hasta of uncial E is high and the loop closed; the two bows of uncial M are closed; the axis of O is almost vertical; the bow of R is low and open; T has an upward hair-line at the base.
","Written probably at Bobbio, to judge by the general character of the script. Later used as a fly-leaf of a Bobbio MS of Isidorus. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris stands in the top margin of fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/657.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/657.jpg 658,352,"Sloping Half-Uncial",VI–VII,501,700,3,321,"Written doubtless in North Italy, and probably at Bobbio, where presumably it was used for rewriting the text of Isaias in the seventh century. The volume to which this leaf is attached has the familiar Bobbio ex-libris on fol. 1.",,44.7701,9.386,"Acta Concilii Ephesi (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66418",,"fol. 245v ",,,"Script is a well-developed sloping half-uncial ([Turin F. IV. 1, fasc. 4](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/799) containing the same subject-matter is also in sloping half-uncial, but of a different type).",,,,,12,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/658,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/658,"Script is a well-developed sloping half-uncial (Turin F. IV. 1, fasc. 4 containing the same subject-matter is also in sloping half-uncial, but of a different type).
","Written doubtless in North Italy, and probably at Bobbio, where presumably it was used for rewriting the text of Isaias in the seventh century. The volume to which this leaf is attached has the familiar Bobbio ex-libris on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/658.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/658.jpg 659,355,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,3,323a,"Written probably in North Italy in a centre of noble calligraphic tradition. Restored in the eighth century in a rather clumsy way by an inferior scribe using poor parchment.",,,,"Ps- Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico.",Parchment,,,"TM 66420",,"fol. 196v",,,"Script is a very expert and graceful half-uncial unlike the type usually found in MSS which have come down through Bobbio: **a** is almost uncial; the hasta of **e** is high; the upward strokes of **f** and **ꞅ** are beautifully rounded; the oblique stroke of **N** starts low; **z** sweeps down boldly below the line; the bow of initial **q** is a fine oval; **i**-longa occurs initially and here and there after **r** or **ꞇ**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/659,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/659,"Script is a very expert and graceful half-uncial unlike the type usually found in MSS which have come down through Bobbio: a is almost uncial; the hasta of e is high; the upward strokes of f and ꞅ are beautifully rounded; the oblique stroke of N starts low; z sweeps down boldly below the line; the bow of initial q is a fine oval; i-longa occurs initially and here and there after r or ꞇ.
","Written probably in North Italy in a centre of noble calligraphic tradition. Restored in the eighth century in a rather clumsy way by an inferior scribe using poor parchment.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/659.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/659.jpg 660,356,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,323b,"Written probably at Bobbio. The Rhythmus Longobardicus of the year 698, entered by the scribe in the blank portion of fol. 121–121v, was also entered by him in the Bobbio MS Ambros. E. 147 sup. (see CLA [3.**26b + c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/598)).",,44.7701,9.386,"Ps- Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico.",Parchment,,,"TM 92042",,"fol. 29v ",,,"Script is a crude minuscule based on cursive, in part perhaps under the influence of the Luxeuil type (see fol. 29), letters mostly leaning to the left: **a** in combination is suprascript; **d** has two forms; the shaft of **h** often bends backward; the long form of **i** is frequent initially (even 'Illum'); the form of **ri** in ligature is curious; superior **u** is now s-like, now cup-shaped.","☛CLA 4 p. VI, 'It is open to dispute whether items 3.323b and [4.512](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/864) should be called 'pre-Caroline minuscule' rather than 'cursive minuscule.''",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/660,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/660,"Script is a crude minuscule based on cursive, in part perhaps under the influence of the Luxeuil type (see fol. 29), letters mostly leaning to the left: a in combination is suprascript; d has two forms; the shaft of h often bends backward; the long form of i is frequent initially (even 'Illum'); the form of ri in ligature is curious; superior u is now s-like, now cup-shaped.
","Written probably at Bobbio. The Rhythmus Longobardicus of the year 698, entered by the scribe in the blank portion of fol. 121–121v, was also entered by him in the Bobbio MS Ambros. E. 147 sup. (see CLA 3.**26b + c).
","☛CLA 4 p. VI, 'It is open to dispute whether items 3.323b and 4.512 should be called 'pre-Caroline minuscule' rather than 'cursive minuscule.''
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/660.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/660.jpg 661,357,"Cursive Minuscule",VI,501,600,3,324,"Written presumably in Italy, probably in the North. Used for rewriting the text of Hegesippus in the eighth century.",,,,"Carmen de Septem Fratribus Machabaeis; Recepta Medica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66421",,"fol. 9 ",,,"Script is a rapid but expert impressionistic cursive minuscule in which strokes often remain unjoined: the oblique stroke of **N** starts below the head line and is curved; **i** is long initially, also when following letter **r** or **t**; suprascript cup-shaped **u** is frequent.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/661,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/661,"Script is a rapid but expert impressionistic cursive minuscule in which strokes often remain unjoined: the oblique stroke of N starts below the head line and is curved; i is long initially, also when following letter r or t; suprascript cup-shaped u is frequent.
","Written presumably in Italy, probably in the North. Used for rewriting the text of Hegesippus in the eighth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/661.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/661.jpg 662,359,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,326,"Written in Ireland, probably at Bangor or possibly in Leinster, by the scribe Diarmait. The fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris and the number 89 stand on fol. 2. Reached the Ambrosiana in 1606. The large number of marginal and interlinear glosses in the vernacular are of primary importance for the study of Old-Irish.",,,,"Theodorus Mopsuestenus, Commentarii in Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66423",,"page 32",,,"Script is a firm and well developed Irish minuscule recalling [Turin F. IV. 1](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/801) and to some extent the Cambridge St Paul (CLA [2.133](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/446)): **e** in ligature occasionally has the lower bow reversed; **i** at the beginning of a word is usually long; the **tio** ligature occurs; Greek **Ψ** is frequently used for ps. Numerous marginalia and interlinear entries in small contemporary minuscule. The name 'Adelgisus' in Caroline minuscule saec. IX occurs on p. 162.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/662,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/662,"Script is a firm and well developed Irish minuscule recalling Turin F. IV. 1 and to some extent the Cambridge St Paul (CLA 2.133): e in ligature occasionally has the lower bow reversed; i at the beginning of a word is usually long; the tio ligature occurs; Greek Ψ is frequently used for ps. Numerous marginalia and interlinear entries in small contemporary minuscule. The name 'Adelgisus' in Caroline minuscule saec. IX occurs on p. 162.
","Written in Ireland, probably at Bangor or possibly in Leinster, by the scribe Diarmait. The fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris and the number 89 stand on fol. 2. Reached the Ambrosiana in 1606. The large number of marginal and interlinear glosses in the vernacular are of primary importance for the study of Old-Irish.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/662.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/662.jpg 663,360,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,3,327,"Origin probably Bobbio. The MS was cut up and used by the binder in the fifteenth century. The main MS has the Bobbio inventory number 307.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 17.4–9, 19.4–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 66424",,"foll. 1v and 11",,,"Script is a bold calligraphic Irish majuscule with **ꝺ** **d**, **N** **n**, **R** **r** (with the shoulder almost reaching the base-line), and **S** **ꞅ** all in fairly equal proportions; the hasta of **F** is on the line; s-like **Ᵹ** occurs before **n**; the second stroke of **N** is very low.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/663,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/663,"Script is a bold calligraphic Irish majuscule with ꝺ d, N n, R r (with the shoulder almost reaching the base-line), and S ꞅ all in fairly equal proportions; the hasta of F is on the line; s-like Ᵹ occurs before n; the second stroke of N is very low.
","Origin probably Bobbio. The MS was cut up and used by the binder in the fifteenth century. The main MS has the Bobbio inventory number 307.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/663.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/663.jpg 664,361,"Irish Majuscule",VII,601,700,3,328,"Written probably at Bobbio. The external resemblance between this MS and the Ambrosian MS of Basilius (see CLA [3.312](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/649)) suggests that they both have a similar origin. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris, without the number, is seen on fol. 2. The MS was No. 52 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. For the fragment of Isidore in Insular script which formerly served as fly-leaves to this MS see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/665).",,44.7701,9.386,"Orosius, Chronicon (imperf.).",Parchment,"Bobbio Orosius.",,"TM 66425",,"foll. 2 and 5",,,"Script is an expert Irish majuscule (verging on minuscule) of the peculiar type seen in Codex Usserianus I (CLA [2.271](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590)) and in the Ambrosian Basilius (CLA [3.312](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/649)): **ꝺ** and **N** occur in both the uncial and half-uncial forms; uncial **R** occurs here and there; **ꞅ** is regularly half-uncial; uncial **A** occurs only as a capital; uncial **G** is seen on fol. 2; half-uncial **Ᵹ** has often the s-like form, even when not in ligature; **L** has a trick of resting high above the base-line; both branches of **Y** turn to the right, an Insular feature. Variant readings and corrections entered in the margin by the scribe have an overline answering to an overline in the text.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 26](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/040_tav026a.pdf).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/664,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664,"Script is an expert Irish majuscule (verging on minuscule) of the peculiar type seen in Codex Usserianus I (CLA 2.271) and in the Ambrosian Basilius (CLA 3.312): ꝺ and N occur in both the uncial and half-uncial forms; uncial R occurs here and there; ꞅ is regularly half-uncial; uncial A occurs only as a capital; uncial G is seen on fol. 2; half-uncial Ᵹ has often the s-like form, even when not in ligature; L has a trick of resting high above the base-line; both branches of Y turn to the right, an Insular feature. Variant readings and corrections entered in the margin by the scribe have an overline answering to an overline in the text.
","Written probably at Bobbio. The external resemblance between this MS and the Ambrosian MS of Basilius (see CLA 3.312) suggests that they both have a similar origin. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris, without the number, is seen on fol. 2. The MS was No. 52 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. For the fragment of Isidore in Insular script which formerly served as fly-leaves to this MS see next item.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 26.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/664.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/664.jpg 665,362,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,3,329,"Origin uncertain, probably Ireland. Formerly used as fly-leaves to the Insular MS of Orosius, Ambros. D. 23 sup. (see CLA [3.328](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664)).",3,,,"Isidorus, Liber Differentiarum (38.146–40.167).",Parchment,,,"TM 66426",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is an ungainly, inexpert, imitative Irish majuscule with **d**, **N**, **R** and **r**, **ꞅ**; the upper parts of **a** as of the bow of **d** and **q** are concave; the cross-stroke of **N** is strikingly high-waisted; **X** is very curious with its final stroke not crossing the first but acting as its support.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/665,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/665,"Script is an ungainly, inexpert, imitative Irish majuscule with d, N, R and r, ꞅ; the upper parts of a as of the bow of d and q are concave; the cross-stroke of N is strikingly high-waisted; X is very curious with its final stroke not crossing the first but acting as its support.
","Origin uncertain, probably Ireland. Formerly used as fly-leaves to the Insular MS of Orosius, Ambros. D. 23 sup. (see CLA 3.328).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/665.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/665.jpg 666,363,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,330,"Origin very probably Bobbio. Belongs apparently to a set of volumes which made up a Bible, parts of another volume surviving in D. 84 inf. (see CLA [3.333](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/669)). Formerly used as fly-leaves to a MS of Beda de Temporum Ratione in North Italian minuscule preceded by a calendar in uncial, both scripts saec. IX (836–844).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Sir 45.8–47.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 66427",,"fol. 4v ",,,"Script is a firm, expert uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is small, the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **G** sweeps boldly to the left; **LL** run together; the uprights of **N** are very fine; many letters have a hair-line finial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/666,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/666,"Script is a firm, expert uncial: the bow of uncial A is small, the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of G sweeps boldly to the left; LL run together; the uprights of N are very fine; many letters have a hair-line finial.
","Origin very probably Bobbio. Belongs apparently to a set of volumes which made up a Bible, parts of another volume surviving in D. 84 inf. (see CLA 3.333). Formerly used as fly-leaves to a MS of Beda de Temporum Ratione in North Italian minuscule preceded by a calendar in uncial, both scripts saec. IX (836–844).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/666.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/666.jpg 667,364,Uncial,VI,501,600,3,331,"Written doubtless in Italy. Was read and corrected at an early date in a centre with Insular connections. Belonged to Bobbio: the usual ex-libris with the number 128 is seen on fol. 1.",3,,,"Prudentius, Carmina.",Parchment,,,"TM 66428",,"foll. 28 and 152v",,,"Script is a good, calligraphic uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is angular and made with fine strokes; the loop of uncial **E** is closed; the second bow of uncial **M** is higher and somewhat humped; the cross-stroke of **T** is rather long and sinuous. Numerous corrections and marginalia occur passim and are by an Irish reader or by one influenced by Irish script. The name 'bonipertus' is entered in the upper margin of fol. 51 by a ninth-century hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/667,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/667,"Script is a good, calligraphic uncial, but not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial A is angular and made with fine strokes; the loop of uncial E is closed; the second bow of uncial M is higher and somewhat humped; the cross-stroke of T is rather long and sinuous. Numerous corrections and marginalia occur passim and are by an Irish reader or by one influenced by Irish script. The name 'bonipertus' is entered in the upper margin of fol. 51 by a ninth-century hand.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Was read and corrected at an early date in a centre with Insular connections. Belonged to Bobbio: the usual ex-libris with the number 128 is seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/667.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/667.jpg 668,365,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,3,332,"Written probably in North Italy in the same scriptorium, possibly by the same hand, as the strips in Ambros. E. 20 inf. (CLA [3.335](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/671)). Used as front fly-leaves to a Missale Romanum saec. X–XI, which has the usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 38.",,,,"Ambrosius, Commentarii in Psalmos (108).",Parchment,,,"TM 66429",,"fol. iv",,,"Script is a large rather ornate uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pinched and blade-like, those of uncial **M**, **P**, and uncial **Q** are big and round.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/668,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/668,"Script is a large rather ornate uncial: the bow of uncial A is pinched and blade-like, those of uncial M, P, and uncial Q are big and round.
","Written probably in North Italy in the same scriptorium, possibly by the same hand, as the strips in Ambros. E. 20 inf. (CLA 3.335). Used as front fly-leaves to a Missale Romanum saec. X–XI, which has the usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 38.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/668.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/668.jpg 669,366,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,333,"Origin very probably Bobbio. Parts of the same Bible, though not of the same volume, survive in Ambros. D. 30 inf. (see CLA [3.330](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/666)). The main MS was No. 38 in the Bobbio catalogue of 1461.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 2 Par 5.9–6.8, 7.14–8.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66433",,"fol. 427 ",,,"Script is a bold, expert uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is small; the tail of **G** has a fine sweep; **Y** is shaped like V with the left branch prolonged below the line, as in the Gothic uncial of Ambros. S. 36 sup. (CLA [3.**364](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/702)). Contemporary marginalia in a finely penned characteristic half-uncial occur passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/669,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/669,"Script is a bold, expert uncial: the bow of uncial A is small; the tail of G has a fine sweep; Y is shaped like V with the left branch prolonged below the line, as in the Gothic uncial of Ambros. S. 36 sup. (CLA 3.**364). Contemporary marginalia in a finely penned characteristic half-uncial occur passim.
","Origin very probably Bobbio. Parts of the same Bible, though not of the same volume, survive in Ambros. D. 30 inf. (see CLA 3.330). The main MS was No. 38 in the Bobbio catalogue of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/669.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/669.jpg 670,367,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,334,"Origin doubtless Bobbio. The curious use of two diverse scripts reflects the mixture of North Italian and Celtic culture. The MS was once bound with Ambros. O. 212 sup. (CLA [3.361](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/699)); both MSS have the curious z-shaped sign of punctuation. The usual Bobbio ex-libris with the number 49 stands on fol. 1. The MS was No. 36 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Spiritu Sancto.",Parchment,,,"TM 66434",,"fol. 23v",,,"Script is a rather rapid uncalligraphic North Italian cursive minuscule penned by an Irish hand under French influence: **h** with the shaft bending backward, and the ligature **fl** with the **l** sweeping below the line recall Merovingian charters; **u** is often suprascript; **y** is short and dotted; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for both hard and soft sound of ti; the Greek uncial on fol. 16 recalls Irish penmanship.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 27](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/042_tav027a.pdf).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/670,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/670,"Script is a rather rapid uncalligraphic North Italian cursive minuscule penned by an Irish hand under French influence: h with the shaft bending backward, and the ligature fl with the l sweeping below the line recall Merovingian charters; u is often suprascript; y is short and dotted; the ti ligature is used indifferently for both hard and soft sound of ti; the Greek uncial on fol. 16 recalls Irish penmanship.
","Origin doubtless Bobbio. The curious use of two diverse scripts reflects the mixture of North Italian and Celtic culture. The MS was once bound with Ambros. O. 212 sup. (CLA 3.361); both MSS have the curious z-shaped sign of punctuation. The usual Bobbio ex-libris with the number 49 stands on fol. 1. The MS was No. 36 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 27.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/670.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/670.jpg 671,368,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,3,335,"Written probably in North Italy in the same scriptorum, possibly by the same hand, as Ambros. D. 84 inf. (CLA [3.332](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/668)). Apparently used as back fly-leaves (now mostly cut away) of a MS which belonged to the monastery at Bobbio; the usual ex-libris with the number 113 is seen at the top of fol. 3; at the foot of the same page stands the other familiar fifteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber Omerliarum est Monachorum congregationis sancte Justine de observantia ordinis sancti Benedicti residentium in Monasterio sancti Columbani. Scriptus sub numero 113'.",,,,"Fragmenta Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66435",,"From the inner opening of the sewed-in strip ",,,"Script is an excellent calligraphic uncial of the sixth century: the bow of uncial **A** is strikingly thin and blade-like; to save space at the end of lines **T** and **S** rise high above their neighbours.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/671,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/671,"Script is an excellent calligraphic uncial of the sixth century: the bow of uncial A is strikingly thin and blade-like; to save space at the end of lines T and S rise high above their neighbours.
","Written probably in North Italy in the same scriptorum, possibly by the same hand, as Ambros. D. 84 inf. (CLA 3.332). Apparently used as back fly-leaves (now mostly cut away) of a MS which belonged to the monastery at Bobbio; the usual ex-libris with the number 113 is seen at the top of fol. 3; at the foot of the same page stands the other familiar fifteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber Omerliarum est Monachorum congregationis sancte Justine de observantia ordinis sancti Benedicti residentium in Monasterio sancti Columbani. Scriptus sub numero 113'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/671.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/671.jpg 672,375,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,336,"Written presumably in Ireland. Corrections and extensive additions were made, most likely at Bobbio, towards the end of the eighth century. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 156 are seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Excerpta ex Patribus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66436",,"fol. 38 ",,,"Script is Irish minuscule (parts seem more like compressed majuscule) by several scribes: **d** has two forms. Later additions by the main hand of foll. 47 ff. are seen on foll. 7v and 22 .",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/672,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/672,"Script is Irish minuscule (parts seem more like compressed majuscule) by several scribes: d has two forms. Later additions by the main hand of foll. 47 ff. are seen on foll. 7v and 22 .
","Written presumably in Ireland. Corrections and extensive additions were made, most likely at Bobbio, towards the end of the eighth century. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 156 are seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/672.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/672.jpg 673,376,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,3,337,"Written presumably at Bobbio, whence the MS comes. It was No. 156 in the inventory of 1461.",,44.7701,9.386,"Excerpta ex Patribus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66437",,"fol. 56 ",,,"Script is Irish minuscule, by several more or less similar hands, showing Continental influence. Some of these hands made entries in the older part of the MS (foll. 7v, 22, 54, 54v). A similar hand wrote fol. 51 (CLA [3.340](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/676)).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/673,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/673,"Script is Irish minuscule, by several more or less similar hands, showing Continental influence. Some of these hands made entries in the older part of the MS (foll. 7v, 22, 54, 54v). A similar hand wrote fol. 51 (CLA 3.340).
","Written presumably at Bobbio, whence the MS comes. It was No. 156 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/673.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/673.jpg 674,377,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,3,338,"Origin uncertain. Used for rewriting in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio.",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66438",,"fol. 47v ",,,"Script is a half-uncial of a later type: 'ꞅub' on l. 2 is easily legible.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/674,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/674,"Script is a half-uncial of a later type: 'ꞅub' on l. 2 is easily legible.
","Origin uncertain. Used for rewriting in the eighth century, presumably at Bobbio.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/674.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/674.jpg 675,378,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,3,339,"Written by an Irish scribe under Continental influence, presumably at Bobbio. The entire MS was No. 156 in the inventory of 1461.",1,44.7701,9.386,"Ambrosius, Expositio in Evangelium Iohannis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66439",,"fol. 52 ",,,"Script is a somewhat crude Irish minuscule not of the pure type; strokes are ill-joined and in general letters incline to the left; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped and lack the typical Insular finial; a letter at the beginning of a sentence occasionally encloses the letter following. The script seen on fol. 54 recto and verso is by the scribe of foll. 47 ff. (see CLA [3.337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/673)).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/675,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/675,"Script is a somewhat crude Irish minuscule not of the pure type; strokes are ill-joined and in general letters incline to the left; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped and lack the typical Insular finial; a letter at the beginning of a sentence occasionally encloses the letter following. The script seen on fol. 54 recto and verso is by the scribe of foll. 47 ff. (see CLA 3.337).
","Written by an Irish scribe under Continental influence, presumably at Bobbio. The entire MS was No. 156 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/675.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/675.jpg 676,379,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,3,340,"Written presumably at Bobbio. Manifestly a scrap or schedula containing some rough material of a glossary. See also preceding items [3.339](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/675), [338](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/674), [337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/673), [336](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/672).",1,44.7701,9.386,"Glossarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66440",,"fol. 51v ",,,"Script is a somewhat awkward Irish minuscule of the same type as the script of foll. 47 ff., etc.; the verso was written upside down.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/676,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/676,"Script is a somewhat awkward Irish minuscule of the same type as the script of foll. 47 ff., etc.; the verso was written upside down.
","Written presumably at Bobbio. Manifestly a scrap or schedula containing some rough material of a glossary. See also preceding items 3.339, 338, 337, 336.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/676.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/676.jpg 677,380,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,341,"Origin uncertain, but most likely a North Italian centre with French connections. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 149 stand on fol. 2.",2,,,"Vitae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66441",,"foll. 2v and 96v",,,"Script is a rather inexpert uncial in which the strokes for the most part fail to join properly: the oblique stroke of **N** has a curious way of cutting across the first upright or both.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/677,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/677,"Script is a rather inexpert uncial in which the strokes for the most part fail to join properly: the oblique stroke of N has a curious way of cutting across the first upright or both.
","Origin uncertain, but most likely a North Italian centre with French connections. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 149 stand on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/677.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/677.jpg 678,381,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,**342,"Written in Italy, doubtless in the North. All the leaves known were used at Bobbio to reinforce bindings: Turin 1–2, found by Peyron, were used as a cover for Bobbio documents; 4–5 were similarly used; 3 formed part of Turin F. IV. 25, Vitae Patrum (saec. X–XI); 6–7 constituted foll. 20, 23 of Turin O. VI. 15 and were used for writing Cavalca, Trattato della Pazienza (saec. XV). The Nancy volume containing Glossa de Partibus Orationum (foll. 95; 183 x 115 mm., in minuscule saec. IX) was No. 167 in the Bobbio inventory; it was given during the nineteenth century to Nancy by M. Beaupré. The main Milan MS containing Canones et Decreta Pontificum in ninth-century minuscule was No. 82 in the Bobbio inventory.",2,,,"Cassiodorus, Orationes (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66442",,"From Ambos. G. 58 sup., fol. 4",,,"Script is a large, irregular and not very expert uncial: the tail of **𐌾** sweeps down boldly; the crossbar of **N** curves slightly and joins the second upright well above the base-line; the bow of **R** does not touch the stem; the ligature uncial **Æ** occurs even in mid-line; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/678,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/678,"Script is a large, irregular and not very expert uncial: the tail of 𐌾 sweeps down boldly; the crossbar of N curves slightly and joins the second upright well above the base-line; the bow of R does not touch the stem; the ligature uncial Æ occurs even in mid-line; LL run together.
","Written in Italy, doubtless in the North. All the leaves known were used at Bobbio to reinforce bindings: Turin 1–2, found by Peyron, were used as a cover for Bobbio documents; 4–5 were similarly used; 3 formed part of Turin F. IV. 25, Vitae Patrum (saec. X–XI); 6–7 constituted foll. 20, 23 of Turin O. VI. 15 and were used for writing Cavalca, Trattato della Pazienza (saec. XV). The Nancy volume containing Glossa de Partibus Orationum (foll. 95; 183 x 115 mm., in minuscule saec. IX) was No. 167 in the Bobbio inventory; it was given during the nineteenth century to Nancy by M. Beaupré. The main Milan MS containing Canones et Decreta Pontificum in ninth-century minuscule was No. 82 in the Bobbio inventory.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/678.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/678.jpg 679,382,Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,343,"Written most probably in Italy. The main MS comes from Bobbio and has the usual Bobbio ex-libris on fol. 5, and the number 82 in the 1461 Bobbio inventory. It was brought to Milan in 1606 by Cardinal F. Borromeo. The fly-leaves of Ambros. M. 77 sup. in half-uncial saec. VI² (see CLA [3.356](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/694)) have nearly the same dimensions for the written space, the same number of lines to a page, the same added punctuation, and presumably come from a companion volume.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Doctrina Christiana (3.36–37).",Parchment,,,"TM 66443",,"foll. 74 and 75v",,,"Script is a well-formed natural uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/679,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/679,"Script is a well-formed natural uncial.
","Written most probably in Italy. The main MS comes from Bobbio and has the usual Bobbio ex-libris on fol. 5, and the number 82 in the 1461 Bobbio inventory. It was brought to Milan in 1606 by Cardinal F. Borromeo. The fly-leaves of Ambros. M. 77 sup. in half-uncial saec. VI² (see CLA 3.356) have nearly the same dimensions for the written space, the same number of lines to a page, the same added punctuation, and presumably come from a companion volume.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/679.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/679.jpg 680,383,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,344a,"Origin uncertain. Written before Bobbio was founded, but apparently by Irish scribes, if one may be guided by the cumulative evidence of the form of **b** and **l**, the et ligature, the punctuation, the **m**-stroke, and the colour of the ink, all redolent of Ireland. Portions of the biblical text were already in bad condition when the MS reached Bobbio, to judge by the scripts used for restoring it, manifestly in the early period of the abbey. Collations and excerpts are contained in the Ambrosian MSS A.S. V . 12 and A.S. VI. 1, both saec. XVIII. The MS was disfigured by the reagent applied by Angelo Mai.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1 Sm 13.14–4 Rg 23.25). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66444",,"pages 90 and 75",,,"Script of the main hand is a unique type of half-uncial written apparently with a reed pen: noteworthy are the club-shaped shafts of the tall letters, **b** and **l** bending in near the base-line (a trick of Irish scribes); **a** is open; **G**, regularly uncial, has an ample bow but a small tail; **i** is slightly taller at the beginning of a word; the middle stroke of **N** turns up (as in many Irish MSS); **o** is a narrow oval leaning decidedly to the right; the bow of **q** is a good-sized oval; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** is slightly wavy; the lower left limb of **x** curves to the right; **z** descends sharply below the line. Another curious and skilful hand begins with the second line of p. 75 and continues to the middle of the second line of page 76, and is also seen on pages 305, 307, 313: **d** and **Ᵹ** usually have the half-uncial form; **o** has the same strong inclination to the right; **z** goes well below the line. Numerous marginal entries in different later scripts: uncial on page 47, cursive on page 15, Irish passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/680,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/680,"Script of the main hand is a unique type of half-uncial written apparently with a reed pen: noteworthy are the club-shaped shafts of the tall letters, b and l bending in near the base-line (a trick of Irish scribes); a is open; G, regularly uncial, has an ample bow but a small tail; i is slightly taller at the beginning of a word; the middle stroke of N turns up (as in many Irish MSS); o is a narrow oval leaning decidedly to the right; the bow of q is a good-sized oval; the cross-stroke of ꞇ is slightly wavy; the lower left limb of x curves to the right; z descends sharply below the line. Another curious and skilful hand begins with the second line of p. 75 and continues to the middle of the second line of page 76, and is also seen on pages 305, 307, 313: d and Ᵹ usually have the half-uncial form; o has the same strong inclination to the right; z goes well below the line. Numerous marginal entries in different later scripts: uncial on page 47, cursive on page 15, Irish passim.
","Origin uncertain. Written before Bobbio was founded, but apparently by Irish scribes, if one may be guided by the cumulative evidence of the form of b and l, the et ligature, the punctuation, the m-stroke, and the colour of the ink, all redolent of Ireland. Portions of the biblical text were already in bad condition when the MS reached Bobbio, to judge by the scripts used for restoring it, manifestly in the early period of the abbey. Collations and excerpts are contained in the Ambrosian MSS A.S. V . 12 and A.S. VI. 1, both saec. XVIII. The MS was disfigured by the reagent applied by Angelo Mai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/680.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/680.jpg 682,385,"Uncial, Half-Uncial, Irish Majuscule",VII²,651,700,3,344b,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. For the composition and history of the palimpsest see preceding items (CLA [3.344a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/680), [345](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/684)).",,44.7701,9.386,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Sm, 3–4 Rg).",Parchment,,,"TM 66446",,"pages 375 (uncial) and 386 (half-uncial), 473, and 150",,,"The work of replacing text was accomplished by scribes writing uncial, half-uncial, and Irish majuscule. The uncial is natural and calligraphic: the bow of uncial **A** ends in a downward antenna; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye is closed; the bow of **h** is high and full; the base of **L** is broad and makes a right angle; the uprights of **N** are thin; **T** has a slightly wavy base at right angles to the stem. The half-uncial is a somewhat compressed type seen in other early MSS from Bobbio, as Ambros. I. 61 sup., likewise a Gothic palimpsest (CLA [3.351](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/689)): **b** has a characteristic broad bow curling in; the hasta of **f** is low and rests on the line; **Ᵹ** is almost minuscule (on page 462 the same or a similar hand uses once an unmistakable Irish **Ᵹ**); **L** has a fairly broad base at right angles to the stem; **N** resembles **H** with a slightly sagging cross-bar; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** curves down at the left, now and then forming a loop; uncial **G** and **R** occur. The Irish majuscule is bold and calligraphic: **d**, **n**, **R**, **S**, and (less often) **ꞅ** are used; the same or a similar hand corrected and retraced many pages. A verse omitted by the sixth-century half-uncial scribe has been inserted in the margin of page 150 by a seventh-century Irish hand; the omission is marked by **ꝺ** in the text answered by **h** before the marginal insertion.","☛CLA date changed from saec. VII to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–238. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_1_2400).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/682,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/682,"The work of replacing text was accomplished by scribes writing uncial, half-uncial, and Irish majuscule. The uncial is natural and calligraphic: the bow of uncial A ends in a downward antenna; the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye is closed; the bow of h is high and full; the base of L is broad and makes a right angle; the uprights of N are thin; T has a slightly wavy base at right angles to the stem. The half-uncial is a somewhat compressed type seen in other early MSS from Bobbio, as Ambros. I. 61 sup., likewise a Gothic palimpsest (CLA 3.351): b has a characteristic broad bow curling in; the hasta of f is low and rests on the line; Ᵹ is almost minuscule (on page 462 the same or a similar hand uses once an unmistakable Irish Ᵹ); L has a fairly broad base at right angles to the stem; N resembles H with a slightly sagging cross-bar; the cross-stroke of ꞇ curves down at the left, now and then forming a loop; uncial G and R occur. The Irish majuscule is bold and calligraphic: d, n, R, S, and (less often) ꞅ are used; the same or a similar hand corrected and retraced many pages. A verse omitted by the sixth-century half-uncial scribe has been inserted in the margin of page 150 by a seventh-century Irish hand; the omission is marked by ꝺ in the text answered by h before the marginal insertion.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. For the composition and history of the palimpsest see preceding items (CLA 3.344a, 345).
","☛CLA date changed from saec. VII to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–238. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/682.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/682.jpg 684,384,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,3,345,"Origin probably Italy. The MS was certainly in some centre unfamiliar with customary Italian calligraphic practices by the second half of the sixth century, when it was discarded and its leaves were taken haphazard and used for rewriting a Vulgate text of Kings. The MS had suffered greatly in antiquity so that even the upper script had become difficult to read by the seventh century, as retracing shows. Its further defacement was caused by the reagent applied by Angelo Mai early in the nineteenth century. When the MS entered the Ambrosiana is unknown, but there can be no doubt that it is of Bobbio provenance.",,,,"Plautus, Fabulae (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66445",,"page 222",,,"Script is Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: **F** and **L** rise slightly above the line; **G** has the uncial form, with a distinct tail; **H** is K-shaped, resembling h with an inverted virgula on the bow; the first stroke of **M** is almost upright; the second stroke of **V** is thin and descends slightly below the line; it begins to approximate to the uncial form (a contemporary corrector uses the V-shape). At the ends of long lines letters are often smaller. A very tiny contemporary Rustic capital is seen on page 67. The prologues are in uncial (cf. page 119), which seems contemporary. Offsets of uncial script saec V–VI, seen on pages 68, 176, are probably from scraps used to reinforce binding.","☛R. Raffaeli, Atti del convegno internazionale ""il libro e il testo"", 1982, p. 11; A. Tontini, Rendiconti dei Lincei IX, 19 (2008), p. 407–434.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/684,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/684,"Script is Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: F and L rise slightly above the line; G has the uncial form, with a distinct tail; H is K-shaped, resembling h with an inverted virgula on the bow; the first stroke of M is almost upright; the second stroke of V is thin and descends slightly below the line; it begins to approximate to the uncial form (a contemporary corrector uses the V-shape). At the ends of long lines letters are often smaller. A very tiny contemporary Rustic capital is seen on page 67. The prologues are in uncial (cf. page 119), which seems contemporary. Offsets of uncial script saec V–VI, seen on pages 68, 176, are probably from scraps used to reinforce binding.
","Origin probably Italy. The MS was certainly in some centre unfamiliar with customary Italian calligraphic practices by the second half of the sixth century, when it was discarded and its leaves were taken haphazard and used for rewriting a Vulgate text of Kings. The MS had suffered greatly in antiquity so that even the upper script had become difficult to read by the seventh century, as retracing shows. Its further defacement was caused by the reagent applied by Angelo Mai early in the nineteenth century. When the MS entered the Ambrosiana is unknown, but there can be no doubt that it is of Bobbio provenance.
","☛R. Raffaeli, Atti del convegno internazionale "il libro e il testo", 1982, p. 11; A. Tontini, Rendiconti dei Lincei IX, 19 (2008), p. 407–434.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/684.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/684.jpg 685,386,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,3,346,"Origin probably Italy. These leaves of a discarded MS of Seneca were used at Bobbio for rewriting damaged portions of a MS of Kings (CLA [3.344a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/680)); this happened in the seventh century, as is evidenced by the various scripts employed by the restorers.",,,,"Seneca, Medea (196–274, 694–708, 722–744), Oedipus (395–432, 508–545), fragm.",Parchment,,,"TM 66447",,"Image from the half of page 450 which has no upper script",,,"Script is a neat and delicate Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: **F** descends below the line; **G** has the uncial form; **H** is K-shaped, resembling h with an inverted virgula over the bow; the first and last strokes of **M** tend to become upright; **V** is approaching the uncial form.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/685,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/685,"Script is a neat and delicate Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: F descends below the line; G has the uncial form; H is K-shaped, resembling h with an inverted virgula over the bow; the first and last strokes of M tend to become upright; V is approaching the uncial form.
","Origin probably Italy. These leaves of a discarded MS of Seneca were used at Bobbio for rewriting damaged portions of a MS of Kings (CLA 3.344a); this happened in the seventh century, as is evidenced by the various scripts employed by the restorers.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/685.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/685.jpg 686,388,"North Italian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,348,"Written in North Italy. Belonged to Bobbio: the familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 98 stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Iunilius, Instituta Divinae Legis; De Proprietate Nominum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66449",,"foll. 45v-46",,,"Script is a not very graceful example of North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with a number of cursive elements: ligatures with **ꞇ** and with **i** are common; shafts of tall letters are very thick and club-shaped; the form of the letter **ꞇ** and the ligatures **mi**, **ni** suggest an Insular exemplar, which may also account for the Insular abbreviation symbols.","Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2636.",,,12,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/686,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/686,"Script is a not very graceful example of North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with a number of cursive elements: ligatures with ꞇ and with i are common; shafts of tall letters are very thick and club-shaped; the form of the letter ꞇ and the ligatures mi, ni suggest an Insular exemplar, which may also account for the Insular abbreviation symbols.
","Written in North Italy. Belonged to Bobbio: the familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 98 stands on fol. 2.
","Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2636.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/686.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/686.jpg 687,389,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,349,"Origin uncertain. The main MS belonged to Bobbio: the familiar ex-libris with the number 90 is seen at the top of fol.1.",0,,,"Fragmenta Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66450",,"From the recto and verso of the front fly-leaf",,,"Script seems a natural but heavy type of uncial. The leaves are practically illegible and stained with reagent which has yielded little result.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/687,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/687,"Script seems a natural but heavy type of uncial. The leaves are practically illegible and stained with reagent which has yielded little result.
","Origin uncertain. The main MS belonged to Bobbio: the familiar ex-libris with the number 90 is seen at the top of fol.1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/687.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/687.jpg 688,390,"Irish Majuscule",VII²,651,700,3,350,"Written by Irish scribes, probably at Bobbio. Used liturgically over a long period: two rubrics were inserted in fourteenth/fifteenth century Gothic minuscule (foll. 82–83), and the same hand touched up, with red, capitals in the lesson from John read in Holy Week. The fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the No. 6 stands on fol. 1 and (without the number) on fol. 2. It was No. 6 in the inventory of 1461. The MS is remarkable for its text.",,44.7701,9.386,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,,,"TM 66451",,"foll. 2 and 89",,,"Script is an Irish majuscule by more than one hand employing **A** and **a**, **N** and **n**, **R** and **r**, **S** and **ꞅ** in varying proportion depending on the scribe: **d** is regularly half-uncial; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** tends to bend down to the left; **y**, unlike the usual Irish form, is v-shaped and dotted, as in O. 212 sup. (CLA [3.361](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/699)). Marginal entries in early uncial (fol. 2), in cursive (foll. 1v, 54v, 65, 68v, 69 , 89, in ink now greenish) and in various Irish hands (fol. 15, etc.).","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 27](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/043_tav027b.pdf).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/688,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/688,"Script is an Irish majuscule by more than one hand employing A and a, N and n, R and r, S and ꞅ in varying proportion depending on the scribe: d is regularly half-uncial; the cross-stroke of ꞇ tends to bend down to the left; y, unlike the usual Irish form, is v-shaped and dotted, as in O. 212 sup. (CLA 3.361). Marginal entries in early uncial (fol. 2), in cursive (foll. 1v, 54v, 65, 68v, 69 , 89, in ink now greenish) and in various Irish hands (fol. 15, etc.).
","Written by Irish scribes, probably at Bobbio. Used liturgically over a long period: two rubrics were inserted in fourteenth/fifteenth century Gothic minuscule (foll. 82–83), and the same hand touched up, with red, capitals in the lesson from John read in Holy Week. The fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the No. 6 stands on fol. 1 and (without the number) on fol. 2. It was No. 6 in the inventory of 1461. The MS is remarkable for its text.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 27.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/688.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/688.jpg 689,391,Half-Uncial,VII²,661,700,3,351,"Written most likely at Bobbio over discarded leaves of Ulfilas. Formed part of MS I. 61 sup., a Gospel book in Irish script (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/688)). For other Bobbio MSS written over Gothic, see CLA [**26b+c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/598), [344b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/682), [**364](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/702), [365](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703).",,44.7701,9.386,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 28.1–fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66452",,"foll. 90 and 91v",,,"Script is a distinct type of half-uncial originating perhaps in Burgundy and found now more, now less compressed, in a number of Bobbio MSS: **g** is almost minuscule; **n** has two forms; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** bends down to the left and occasionally forms a loop; **i**-longa occurs initially and occasionally medially (In, eIus).","☛CLA date (VII¹) changed to follow, Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–238. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_1_2400).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/689,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/689,"Script is a distinct type of half-uncial originating perhaps in Burgundy and found now more, now less compressed, in a number of Bobbio MSS: g is almost minuscule; n has two forms; the cross-stroke of ꞇ bends down to the left and occasionally forms a loop; i-longa occurs initially and occasionally medially (In, eIus).
","Written most likely at Bobbio over discarded leaves of Ulfilas. Formed part of MS I. 61 sup., a Gospel book in Irish script (see preceding item). For other Bobbio MSS written over Gothic, see CLA **26b+c, 344b, **364, 365.
","☛CLA date (VII¹) changed to follow, Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 237–238. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/689.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/689.jpg 690,392,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,3,352,"Written probably at Bobbio, to judge by the type of uncial. The Bobbio ex-libris with a cancelled number 23 occurs on fol. 1 and again, without the number, on fol. 32v. The inventory number 96 is written on the outside front cover. Bobbio charters in eighth century cursive were used in the front binding. The cover is unusually old.",,44.7701,9.386,"Eucherius, Formulae Spirituales; Ambrosius, De Abraham; Canon Muratorianus.",Parchment,"Fragmentum Muratorianum.",,"TM 66453",,"fol. 31v ",,,"Script is a rather irregular and debased uncial of a late type by various hands, allowing intrusion of half-uncial and even minuscule elements (on fol. 60v the scribe drops into half-uncial for the whole of line seven; minuscule **n** occurs passim): the bow of **A** often hangs above the line; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; **i**-longa is used frequently at the beginning of a word; the second upright of **N** usually intersects the middle stroke; the bow of **R** is mostly low and open; the cross-stroke of **T** is often looped at the left; the lower left limb of **X** turns to the right; **LL** run together. Interlinear notes in cursive on a number of pages (foll. 41v, 48v, etc.).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/690,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/690,"Script is a rather irregular and debased uncial of a late type by various hands, allowing intrusion of half-uncial and even minuscule elements (on fol. 60v the scribe drops into half-uncial for the whole of line seven; minuscule n occurs passim): the bow of A often hangs above the line; the lower bow of B protrudes; i-longa is used frequently at the beginning of a word; the second upright of N usually intersects the middle stroke; the bow of R is mostly low and open; the cross-stroke of T is often looped at the left; the lower left limb of X turns to the right; LL run together. Interlinear notes in cursive on a number of pages (foll. 41v, 48v, etc.).
","Written probably at Bobbio, to judge by the type of uncial. The Bobbio ex-libris with a cancelled number 23 occurs on fol. 1 and again, without the number, on fol. 32v. The inventory number 96 is written on the outside front cover. Bobbio charters in eighth century cursive were used in the front binding. The cover is unusually old.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/690.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/690.jpg 691,393,"North Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,3,353,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. The familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the number 103 stands on page 1; the number is again entered at the end of the MS (page 256) along with a table of contents. The text of Isidore in this MS differs from that found in [Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1892) and its twin Vatic. Lat. 5763 (CLA [1.39](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47)), which reached Bobbio in the tenth century and formed No. 104 in the inventory of 1461.",,44.7701,9.386,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66454",,"pages 1, 35; 101, 183",,,"Script represents several early types of North Italian minuscule based on cursive, written by different hands of differing skill and habits, all more or less under Irish influence: the main scribe from about page 75 writes a fine, rapid, sloping, very expert hand with headings in excellent uncial; the other scribes are less expert and one is very uncalligraphic; one or two scribes show a fondness for uncial **G** a feature of Visigothic minuscule (pages 74–81, 185 ff.); suprascript **a** is frequent; **i**-longa is used initially passim; **z** descends below the line and occasionally has a form like **ti** ligature ending in a flourish to the right (page 183), as in [Vercelli 183](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/816) and in North Italian charters; **e**, **i**, and **t** are often in ligature; **ꞅꞅ** run together resembling inverted μ, as in C. 98 inf. (CLA [3.**322](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/605)) and other North Italian MSS and charters; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the **ui** ligature resembles S resting on the line; the Irish ligatures **mi**, **ni** occur here and there.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pll. [33](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/052_tav033.pdf) and [34](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/053_tav034.pdf).",,3,12,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/691,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/691,"Script represents several early types of North Italian minuscule based on cursive, written by different hands of differing skill and habits, all more or less under Irish influence: the main scribe from about page 75 writes a fine, rapid, sloping, very expert hand with headings in excellent uncial; the other scribes are less expert and one is very uncalligraphic; one or two scribes show a fondness for uncial G a feature of Visigothic minuscule (pages 74–81, 185 ff.); suprascript a is frequent; i-longa is used initially passim; z descends below the line and occasionally has a form like ti ligature ending in a flourish to the right (page 183), as in Vercelli 183 and in North Italian charters; e, i, and t are often in ligature; ꞅꞅ run together resembling inverted μ, as in C. 98 inf. (CLA 3.**322) and other North Italian MSS and charters; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the ui ligature resembles S resting on the line; the Irish ligatures mi, ni occur here and there.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. The familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the number 103 stands on page 1; the number is again entered at the end of the MS (page 256) along with a table of contents. The text of Isidore in this MS differs from that found in Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64 and its twin Vatic. Lat. 5763 (CLA 1.39), which reached Bobbio in the tenth century and formed No. 104 in the inventory of 1461.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pll. 33 and 34.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/691.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/691.jpg 692,394,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,3,354,"Origin uncertain. The upper script of the ninth century, largely in Tironian, is bound up with a Calendar (pp. 25–46) which from the entries and obits seems to come from Herford in Westphalia. The MS was acquired by the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana, Antonio Olgiati, possibly during his literary tour ca. 1606, when he also acquired the palimpsest Ambros. O. 136 sup. (see CLA [3.357](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/695)), with which our MS has some points of similarity.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Io 13.3–17).",Parchment,"Fragmentum Mediolanense. (ρ)",,"TM 66456",,"pages 172 and 173",,,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by a master scribe: the second stroke of **N** curves slightly upward at the end and does not reach the base-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/692,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/692,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by a master scribe: the second stroke of N curves slightly upward at the end and does not reach the base-line.
","Origin uncertain. The upper script of the ninth century, largely in Tironian, is bound up with a Calendar (pp. 25–46) which from the entries and obits seems to come from Herford in Westphalia. The MS was acquired by the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana, Antonio Olgiati, possibly during his literary tour ca. 1606, when he also acquired the palimpsest Ambros. O. 136 sup. (see CLA 3.357), with which our MS has some points of similarity.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/692.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/692.jpg 693,395,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,355,"Written apparently in Ireland. The main MS was presented to the monastery in the ninth century by Abbot Agilulfus, as is seen from the verses entered on fol. 191 at the end of the volume. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 136 are seen in the top and bottom margins of fol. 1.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Epistulam 1 Iohannis 4, 5–7.",Parchment,,,"TM 66457",,"fol. iv",,,"Script is an expert Irish minuscule: the shafts of **f**, **r**, and **ꞅ** are short.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/693,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/693,"Script is an expert Irish minuscule: the shafts of f, r, and ꞅ are short.
","Written apparently in Ireland. The main MS was presented to the monastery in the ninth century by Abbot Agilulfus, as is seen from the verses entered on fol. 191 at the end of the volume. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 136 are seen in the top and bottom margins of fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/693.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/693.jpg 694,396,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,356,"Written presumably in Italy, or possibly in Africa. The main MS has on fol. 1 the usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 59. Obtained from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal Borromeo. The back fly-leaves of [Ambros. G. 58 sup.](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/679), which also contain Augustinus de Doctrina Christiana, manifestly come from a companion volume: they are of nearly the same size and were punctuated and corrected by the same reader.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Doctrina Christiana (2.23.36–24.37).",Parchment,,,"TM 66458",,"Verso of the first fly-leaf",,,"Script is an expert, regular half-uncial: **a** is closed; the upper stroke of **F** and of **ꞅ** is rather flat and forms an angle with the upright; **Ᵹ** has a well-developed lower bow; the shoulder of **r** sweeps far down; **ꞇ** resembles c with a slightly sinuous fore-stroke. Letters do not stand on the line, but are transected by it, a feature also found in Codex k and in Codex e of the Gospels, both supposed to represent the African text, and in one of the oldest MSS of the African writer Cyprian, [Ambros. D. 519 inf. + Turin F. IV. 27 + Vatic. Lat. 10959](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748). An interlinear insertion in contemporary small half-uncial occurs on fol. Av, as well as a marginal entry in very fine script.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/694,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/694,"Script is an expert, regular half-uncial: a is closed; the upper stroke of F and of ꞅ is rather flat and forms an angle with the upright; Ᵹ has a well-developed lower bow; the shoulder of r sweeps far down; ꞇ resembles c with a slightly sinuous fore-stroke. Letters do not stand on the line, but are transected by it, a feature also found in Codex k and in Codex e of the Gospels, both supposed to represent the African text, and in one of the oldest MSS of the African writer Cyprian, Ambros. D. 519 inf. + Turin F. IV. 27 + Vatic. Lat. 10959. An interlinear insertion in contemporary small half-uncial occurs on fol. Av, as well as a marginal entry in very fine script.
","Written presumably in Italy, or possibly in Africa. The main MS has on fol. 1 the usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 59. Obtained from Bobbio in 1606 by Cardinal Borromeo. The back fly-leaves of Ambros. G. 58 sup., which also contain Augustinus de Doctrina Christiana, manifestly come from a companion volume: they are of nearly the same size and were punctuated and corrected by the same reader.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/694.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/694.jpg 695,397,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,357,"Origin uncertain. This MS is among those acquired by Antonio Olgiati, the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana, and was sent by him from Avignon where he was in 1606: the inside of the front cover has in his writing the entry: 'Hunc codicem notis adspersum Avenione uehendum curauimus.'",0,,,"Ambrosius, Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66459",,"fol. 8 ",,,"Script is an expert, graceful, but rather unusual type of half-uncial: uncial **A** is shaped like an oval sack tied at the top, and is often small and suspended above the base-line; the shaft of **b**, as of other tall letters, is club-shaped; the hasta of **F** is high; the second stroke of **N** curves somewhat and touches the right upright high above the line; the bow of **q** is a perfect oval; **U** is somewhat cup-shaped, especially when suprascript; **i**-longa occurs initially and often when the preceding letter is **ꞇ**, a feature encountered in very ancient script. A marginal entry in beautiful small contemporary half-uncial is seen at the foot of fol. 10, which may be the insertion of an omission.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2651.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/695,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/695,"Script is an expert, graceful, but rather unusual type of half-uncial: uncial A is shaped like an oval sack tied at the top, and is often small and suspended above the base-line; the shaft of b, as of other tall letters, is club-shaped; the hasta of F is high; the second stroke of N curves somewhat and touches the right upright high above the line; the bow of q is a perfect oval; U is somewhat cup-shaped, especially when suprascript; i-longa occurs initially and often when the preceding letter is ꞇ, a feature encountered in very ancient script. A marginal entry in beautiful small contemporary half-uncial is seen at the foot of fol. 10, which may be the insertion of an omission.
","Origin uncertain. This MS is among those acquired by Antonio Olgiati, the first Prefect of the Ambrosiana, and was sent by him from Avignon where he was in 1606: the inside of the front cover has in his writing the entry: 'Hunc codicem notis adspersum Avenione uehendum curauimus.'
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2651.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/695.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/695.jpg 696,398,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,358,"Origin doubtless North Italy, to judge by script of text and additions. The whole MS, including the part described in the next item, is recorded in the Bobbio inventory under number 20; that number with the usual Bobbio ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate, Epistulae; Hegemonius, Acta Archelai; Vigilius Tapsensis, Opus incertum?; Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66460",,"fol. 21v ",,,"Script is a small, expert half-uncial of North Italian type: the bow of **q** is a longish oval; the ligature **ET** is frequent, even in mid-line; uncial occurs in titles (fol. 1) or at the beginning of an epistle (fol. 12). Cursive additions occur on foll. 17, 22, and 46; a full-page addition in cursive mixed with Notae Tironianae is seen on fol. 46v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/696,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/696,"Script is a small, expert half-uncial of North Italian type: the bow of q is a longish oval; the ligature ET is frequent, even in mid-line; uncial occurs in titles (fol. 1) or at the beginning of an epistle (fol. 12). Cursive additions occur on foll. 17, 22, and 46; a full-page addition in cursive mixed with Notae Tironianae is seen on fol. 46v.
","Origin doubtless North Italy, to judge by script of text and additions. The whole MS, including the part described in the next item, is recorded in the Bobbio inventory under number 20; that number with the usual Bobbio ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/696.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/696.jpg 697,399,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,3,359,"Written probably in the same North Italian scriptorium as the first part of the MS. As the two parts were bound up together probably quite early, they have presumably had the same later history.",,,,"Gelasius, Epistulae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66461",,"fol. 52v",,,"Script is an expert half-uncial written with a fine pen: the bow of **b** is usually open; the lower part of **Ᵹ** is curiously shrunken; the bow of **q** is a longish oval; the ligature et occurs even in mid-word.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/697,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/697,"Script is an expert half-uncial written with a fine pen: the bow of b is usually open; the lower part of Ᵹ is curiously shrunken; the bow of q is a longish oval; the ligature et occurs even in mid-word.
","Written probably in the same North Italian scriptorium as the first part of the MS. As the two parts were bound up together probably quite early, they have presumably had the same later history.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/697.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/697.jpg 698,400,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,3,360,"Written doubtless in Italy, in a centre of high calligraphic tradition. The MS came to the Ambrosiana from Bobbio along with O. 210 sup. (CLA [3.358](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/696)). The lower margin of page 3, which formed the first fly-leaf of O. 210 sup., contains a fifteenth-century index to that MS. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the number 20 stands on fol. 1 of O. 210 sup.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66462",,"page 7 ",,,"Script is a beautiful calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the upper bows of **B** and **R** are small; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **G** is tiny; uncial **M** and **N** are broad; **P** and **q** hardly go below the line; the top of **T** is small and sinuous.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/698,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/698,"Script is a beautiful calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the upper bows of B and R are small; the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of G is tiny; uncial M and N are broad; P and q hardly go below the line; the top of T is small and sinuous.
","Written doubtless in Italy, in a centre of high calligraphic tradition. The MS came to the Ambrosiana from Bobbio along with O. 210 sup. (CLA 3.358). The lower margin of page 3, which formed the first fly-leaf of O. 210 sup., contains a fifteenth-century index to that MS. The familiar Bobbio ex-libris with the number 20 stands on fol. 1 of O. 210 sup.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/698.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/698.jpg 699,401,"Irish Majuscule verging on Minuscule","VII ex",676,700,3,361,"Written probably at Bobbio: the form of **y**, the type of initial, and the predominantly Spanish character of the text speak for North Italy rather than Ireland. Once bound up with the Bobbio MS of Ambros. D. 268 inf. (see CLA [3.334](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/670)), written by an Irish hand using the same type of **y** and the same curious elongated **z**-shaped sign in punctuation. Was No. 58 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461: this number with the familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris stands in the upper margin of fol. 2.",,44.7701,9.386,"Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus; Fides Bachiarii; Fides ""Quicumque Vult""; Fides ""Hieronymi"".",Parchment,,,"TM 66463",,"fol. 15 ",,,"Script is a vigorous but undisciplined Irish majuscule verging on minuscule (especially from the bottom of fol. 14v to the top of fol. 17) with some resemblance to the script of the Gospel MS I. 61 sup. (CLA [3.350](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/688)), employing **d** and **ꝺ**, **N** and **n**, **R** and **r**, **ꞅ** and **S**; uncial or capital **A** occurs even in mid-line and sometimes resembles a delta; the shoulder of **r** occasionally rises above the following letter, a North Italian feature; here and there the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; **y** is v-shaped and dotted, unlike the typical Irish form; in the **um** ligature **u** is c-shaped with **m** hanging down vertically; the final lines of some pages are in a more compressed type of script, an Irish practice. An interlinear correction on fol. 14 recalls early Visigothic minuscule.",,4,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/699,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/699,"Script is a vigorous but undisciplined Irish majuscule verging on minuscule (especially from the bottom of fol. 14v to the top of fol. 17) with some resemblance to the script of the Gospel MS I. 61 sup. (CLA 3.350), employing d and ꝺ, N and n, R and r, ꞅ and S; uncial or capital A occurs even in mid-line and sometimes resembles a delta; the shoulder of r occasionally rises above the following letter, a North Italian feature; here and there the cross-stroke of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; y is v-shaped and dotted, unlike the typical Irish form; in the um ligature u is c-shaped with m hanging down vertically; the final lines of some pages are in a more compressed type of script, an Irish practice. An interlinear correction on fol. 14 recalls early Visigothic minuscule.
","Written probably at Bobbio: the form of y, the type of initial, and the predominantly Spanish character of the text speak for North Italy rather than Ireland. Once bound up with the Bobbio MS of Ambros. D. 268 inf. (see CLA 3.334), written by an Irish hand using the same type of y and the same curious elongated z-shaped sign in punctuation. Was No. 58 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461: this number with the familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris stands in the upper margin of fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/699.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/699.jpg 700,402,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,362,"Written no doubt at Bobbio, to judge by the uncial and half-uncial types of script. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 142 are seen at the top of p. 1. The other Sedulius MS from Bobbio, in Rustic capital saec. VII (Turin E. IV. 42), seems to have no relation with our MS.",,44.7701,9.386,"Sedulius, Carmen Paschale.",Parchment,,,"TM 66464",,"From the opening, pages 2/15",,,"Script is an uncial of a late type seen in a number of Bobbio MSS: the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the curve of **R** often reaches the base-line; descenders are usually pointed. A cramped half-uncial, characteristic of Bobbio scribes, is used on most pages for writing the last line or two (mostly two), a trick probably learnt from Irish scribes who sometimes end a page of majuscule by a line or two of minuscule. Half-uncial letters intrude here and there even in the uncial lines (p. 15, 27, 31). An insertion in Bobbio cursive minuscule is seen in the upper margin of p. 2.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/700,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/700,"Script is an uncial of a late type seen in a number of Bobbio MSS: the lower bow of B protrudes; the curve of R often reaches the base-line; descenders are usually pointed. A cramped half-uncial, characteristic of Bobbio scribes, is used on most pages for writing the last line or two (mostly two), a trick probably learnt from Irish scribes who sometimes end a page of majuscule by a line or two of minuscule. Half-uncial letters intrude here and there even in the uncial lines (p. 15, 27, 31). An insertion in Bobbio cursive minuscule is seen in the upper margin of p. 2.
","Written no doubt at Bobbio, to judge by the uncial and half-uncial types of script. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 142 are seen at the top of p. 1. The other Sedulius MS from Bobbio, in Rustic capital saec. VII (Turin E. IV. 42), seems to have no relation with our MS.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/700.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/700.jpg 701,403,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,3,363,"Written in some centre of good calligraphic tradition, probably in Italy. The original MS must have been a fine volume with ample margins. Re-used in the seventh century, doubtless at Bobbio, for writing Sedulius (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/700)).",3,,,"Cicero, Pro Scauro, Pro Tullio, Pro Flacco, Pro Caelio (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66465",,"From the opening, pages 40/41",,,"Script is Rustic capital not of the oldest type: **H** resembles K as in the Milan Plautus and Seneca G. 82 sup. (CLA [3.345](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/684), [346](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/685)); the first and last strokes of **M** are almost upright (they are oblique in the oldest type); **G** and **V** approximate to the uncial form, which is characteristic of the later stage of capitalis Rustica. Ancient contemporary marginalia by an expert hand in tiny, almost illegible uncial (p. 7) and in beautiful quarter-uncial (p. 17). Strips with traces of ancient capitalis Rustica doubtless taken from this MS were used to strengthen the back of the Sedulius volume.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/701,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/701,"Script is Rustic capital not of the oldest type: H resembles K as in the Milan Plautus and Seneca G. 82 sup. (CLA 3.345, 346); the first and last strokes of M are almost upright (they are oblique in the oldest type); G and V approximate to the uncial form, which is characteristic of the later stage of capitalis Rustica. Ancient contemporary marginalia by an expert hand in tiny, almost illegible uncial (p. 7) and in beautiful quarter-uncial (p. 17). Strips with traces of ancient capitalis Rustica doubtless taken from this MS were used to strengthen the back of the Sedulius volume.
","Written in some centre of good calligraphic tradition, probably in Italy. The original MS must have been a fine volume with ample margins. Re-used in the seventh century, doubtless at Bobbio, for writing Sedulius (see preceding item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/701.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/701.jpg 702,404,Uncial,VII²,651,700,3,**364,"Rewritten over a discarded text of Ulfilas, doubtless at Bobbio. Registered in the inventory of 1461 either as No. 74 or 75. Some of its leaves were used as binding material. For other Bobbio MSS written over Gothic, see CLA [**26 b+c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/598), [344b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/682), [351](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/689), [365](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703).",,44.7701,9.386,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (with end title); Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (In Genesim).",Parchment,,,"TM 66466",,"From page 116 ",,,"Script is a late, rather inexpert uncial of a type characteristic of Bobbio: the lower bow of **B** protrudes decidedly; **L** frequently rests above the base-line; the third stroke of **N** is an elongated virgula; **O** is often pointed; the bow of **R** is low; the top of **T** curves down at the left; the lower left branch of **X** turns up to the right. Here and there half-uncial letters intrude. Compressed half-uncial is used for final line or lines of sections, as in the Bobbio Sedulius MS (CLA [3.362](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/700)). Offsets of an uncial MS are seen on pages 191, 192, and of a MS in Rustic capital on pages 82, 142–153, and others. ","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) pp. 237–8. ☛Identification of Isidore: D. E. Dekkers, Sacris Erudiri 9 (1957), p. 110–14. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_1_2400).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/702,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/702,"Script is a late, rather inexpert uncial of a type characteristic of Bobbio: the lower bow of B protrudes decidedly; L frequently rests above the base-line; the third stroke of N is an elongated virgula; O is often pointed; the bow of R is low; the top of T curves down at the left; the lower left branch of X turns up to the right. Here and there half-uncial letters intrude. Compressed half-uncial is used for final line or lines of sections, as in the Bobbio Sedulius MS (CLA 3.362). Offsets of an uncial MS are seen on pages 191, 192, and of a MS in Rustic capital on pages 82, 142–153, and others.
","Rewritten over a discarded text of Ulfilas, doubtless at Bobbio. Registered in the inventory of 1461 either as No. 74 or 75. Some of its leaves were used as binding material. For other Bobbio MSS written over Gothic, see CLA **26 b+c, 344b, 351, 365.
","☛CLA date (VII) changed to follow P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) pp. 237–8. ☛Identification of Isidore: D. E. Dekkers, Sacris Erudiri 9 (1957), p. 110–14. ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/702.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/702.jpg 703,405,"Half-Uncial verging on Minuscule","VII (ante 622) ",600,621,3,365,"Written over an earlier text of Ulfilas, doubtless at Bobbio in the earliest period of the abbey: at the bottom of page 2, in crude uncial characters of the Bobbio type, stands the inscription 'Lb DE ARCA DOMNO ATALANI' (a similar entry, 'DE ARCA DOM UORGUSTI ABBI' is found in the Turin Lactantius, also from Bobbio, described in the next volume). Atalanus or Atala succeeded St Columbanus as abbot of Bobbio in 615 and died in 622. The familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 87 is seen on page 3. For other Gothic texts re-used at Bobbio see CLA [3.**26 b+c](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/598), [344b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/682), [351](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/689), [**364](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/702).",,44.7701,9.386,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Isaiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66467",,"pages 2 and 19",,,"Script is a peculiar compressed half-uncial verging on minuscule (found in some other Bobbio MSS), written by several hands manifestly under Merovingian and Irish influence, the general squeezed look of the letters and the particular forms of **b** and **ꞇ** recalling French models, while the trick of writing the opening words of a section in larger letters or of making several letters after a capital gradually diminish in size recalls Irish practice (the Bobbio scribes may have come from Luxeuil, the sister foundation): **G** has the half-uncial as well as the uncial form; **n** is minuscule. A marginal insertion in seventh-century cursive with **q** for ‘que' on page 44.","☛Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) argues for a date VII². ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_1_2400). ☛B. Schauman, 'The Irish script of the MS Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, S. 45 sup. (ante ca. 625)' Scriptorium 32 (1978) 3–18.",4,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/703,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703,"Script is a peculiar compressed half-uncial verging on minuscule (found in some other Bobbio MSS), written by several hands manifestly under Merovingian and Irish influence, the general squeezed look of the letters and the particular forms of b and ꞇ recalling French models, while the trick of writing the opening words of a section in larger letters or of making several letters after a capital gradually diminish in size recalls Irish practice (the Bobbio scribes may have come from Luxeuil, the sister foundation): G has the half-uncial as well as the uncial form; n is minuscule. A marginal insertion in seventh-century cursive with q for ‘que' on page 44.
","Written over an earlier text of Ulfilas, doubtless at Bobbio in the earliest period of the abbey: at the bottom of page 2, in crude uncial characters of the Bobbio type, stands the inscription 'Lb DE ARCA DOMNO ATALANI' (a similar entry, 'DE ARCA DOM UORGUSTI ABBI' is found in the Turin Lactantius, also from Bobbio, described in the next volume). Atalanus or Atala succeeded St Columbanus as abbot of Bobbio in 615 and died in 622. The familiar fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris with the inventory number 87 is seen on page 3. For other Gothic texts re-used at Bobbio see CLA 3.**26 b+c, 344b, 351, **364.
","☛Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) argues for a date VII². ☛M. van den Hout, 'Gothic palimpsests of Bobbio' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 91-93. ☛B. Schauman, 'The Irish script of the MS Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, S. 45 sup. (ante ca. 625)' Scriptorium 32 (1978) 3–18.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/703.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/703.jpg 704,406,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,3,366,"Written in North Italy, by order of a bishop called Titus, as we learn from the scribe's note in fancy coloured capitals on fol. 246: 'SUMMUS ET ALMIFICUS DOM ET UB TITO PRAESUL (UOCATUS EPS inserted above the line) HUNC LIBR SUO PRAECEP FIERI TEMPORE.' Titus is probably to be identified with the bishop of Novara who flourished in the second half of the eighth century.",,,,"Iulianus Antecessor, Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 66468",,"fol. 240v ",,,"Script is an ungainly, inexpert minuscule with various cursive elements: **a** has two forms ('oc' **a** and **a**), **e** often has a little tag to the left, and when followed by **m** or **n** the upper loop rises above the line; the long form of **i** is nearly always used initially; uncial **S** slips in here and there; ligatures with **t** are requent; the **nt** ligature occurs even in the middle of a word; the ligature **ti** is used indifferently for hard and soft ti.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 42](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/063_tav042b.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/704,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/704,"Script is an ungainly, inexpert minuscule with various cursive elements: a has two forms ('oc' a and a), e often has a little tag to the left, and when followed by m or n the upper loop rises above the line; the long form of i is nearly always used initially; uncial S slips in here and there; ligatures with t are requent; the nt ligature occurs even in the middle of a word; the ligature ti is used indifferently for hard and soft ti.
","Written in North Italy, by order of a bishop called Titus, as we learn from the scribe's note in fancy coloured capitals on fol. 246: 'SUMMUS ET ALMIFICUS DOM ET UB TITO PRAESUL (UOCATUS EPS inserted above the line) HUNC LIBR SUO PRAECEP FIERI TEMPORE.' Titus is probably to be identified with the bishop of Novara who flourished in the second half of the eighth century.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 42.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/704.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/704.jpg 705,407,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,3,367,"Written no doubt in Egypt, where it was acquired from an unknown source by Eugenic Griffini Bey, Librarian of King Fuad. Came to the Sacro Cuore in the collection of Ricardo Vita and Diego Jacovelli. Four other fragments of similar bilingual Virgils are known. See CLA [2.227](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/545).",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis cum versione Graeca (1.235–243, 247–261, 270–274, 406–414, 418–426, 633–640, 702–707, 711–719).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62954",,"Entire fragment, recto and verso ",,,"Script is an early type of half-uncial written by a scribe schooled in the Greek style of calligraphy: **A** has the uncial form; **b** is half-uncial; **d**, **Ᵹ**, and **m** do not occur but were presumably half-uncial; **r** has the characteristic sickle-shaped shoulder found in other papyri in half-uncial script; **ꞅ** is half-uncial. The Greek is good round uncial showing some corrections.","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scapatticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5c. ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/705,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/705,"Script is an early type of half-uncial written by a scribe schooled in the Greek style of calligraphy: A has the uncial form; b is half-uncial; d, Ᵹ, and m do not occur but were presumably half-uncial; r has the characteristic sickle-shaped shoulder found in other papyri in half-uncial script; ꞅ is half-uncial. The Greek is good round uncial showing some corrections.
","Written no doubt in Egypt, where it was acquired from an unknown source by Eugenic Griffini Bey, Librarian of King Fuad. Came to the Sacro Cuore in the collection of Ricardo Vita and Diego Jacovelli. Four other fragments of similar bilingual Virgils are known. See CLA 2.227.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 1–3. ☛Scapatticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 5c. ☛Formerly Cairo, Egyptian Museum JdE 85644 a–b. ☛Formerly Milan, Private collection Jacovelli-Vita number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/705.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/705.jpg 706,408,"Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,801,801,3,368,"Written in Italy, probably in the region where it is still preserved. The words at the end of the Chronicon (fol. 21v), 'dehinc usque ad XXVII cristianissimi et piissimi domni carolo magni regis francorum et langobardorum in italia', are by the original scribe and fix the date of writing in the year 801.",3,,,"Isidorus, Chronicon; Medica Varia; Apuleius, Opus Incertum?",Parchment,,,"TM 66469",,"foll. 11 and 36v ",,"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hippocratic_Corpus,_end_of_Aphorisms,_Modena,_Archivio_Capitolare,_O.I.11,_fol._36v.jpg","Script is an Italian pre-Caroline minuscule making calligraphic use of such ligatures as **te**, **fi**, **ri**, **ti** (for both hard and soft sounds), **nt** (even in mid-word), and **ant** (at line-end); **c** is often broken; **i**-longa is regular; the shoulder of **r** occasionally extends above the letter following.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 nos. 2795 and 2796.",,3,15,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/706,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/706,"Script is an Italian pre-Caroline minuscule making calligraphic use of such ligatures as te, fi, ri, ti (for both hard and soft sounds), nt (even in mid-word), and ant (at line-end); c is often broken; i-longa is regular; the shoulder of r occasionally extends above the letter following.
","Written in Italy, probably in the region where it is still preserved. The words at the end of the Chronicon (fol. 21v), 'dehinc usque ad XXVII cristianissimi et piissimi domni carolo magni regis francorum et langobardorum in italia', are by the original scribe and fix the date of writing in the year 801.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 nos. 2795 and 2796.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/706.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/706.jpg 707,409,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,369,"Written doubtless in North Italy, and probably at Nonantola, to judge by certain graphic features. Later history unknown.",,,,"Collectio Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66470",,"foll. 14v and 67",,,"Script is a bold but ungainly uncial of the latest type, with excessive use of serifs: Uncial **A** has a flat top and the bow often seems suspended; the tail of **G** has a tick to the right; the last stroke of **N** is comma-like and cuts the oblique stroke in the middle, a feature of several MSS from North Italy; the cross-stroke of **T** has a wedge-shaped finial at either end; the second stroke of **X** sweeps down to the line below. There are a number of marginal entries in ninth-century minuscule of the Nonantola type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/707,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/707,"Script is a bold but ungainly uncial of the latest type, with excessive use of serifs: Uncial A has a flat top and the bow often seems suspended; the tail of G has a tick to the right; the last stroke of N is comma-like and cuts the oblique stroke in the middle, a feature of several MSS from North Italy; the cross-stroke of T has a wedge-shaped finial at either end; the second stroke of X sweeps down to the line below. There are a number of marginal entries in ninth-century minuscule of the Nonantola type.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, and probably at Nonantola, to judge by certain graphic features. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/707.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/707.jpg 708,410,"Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",760,778,3,370,"Written in Italy, doubtless in the North, to judge by the resemblance to certain Bobbio hands. The date probably falls 760–778, which is the first of a series of 19-year cycles inserted on foll. 104v–105v.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66471",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is a neat, rapid minuscule by a fairly expert hand, apparently modelled upon the type seen in the Bobbio MSS Ambros. L 99 sup. and Naples Lat. 1 (CLA [3.353](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/691), [388](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726)): **G** has regularly the uncial form, as in Visigothic minuscule; the shoulder of **r** rises above the line, a North Italian characteristic; **i**-longa is regularly used initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; the **ti** ligature is used for both the hard and soft sound; ligatures **ati** and **ui** are characteristic, the latter resembling a tall **⁊**. Some corrections and marginalia in ninth-century minuscule recall the Nonantola type (foll. 65v, 66, 66v).",,,3,15,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/708,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/708,"Script is a neat, rapid minuscule by a fairly expert hand, apparently modelled upon the type seen in the Bobbio MSS Ambros. L 99 sup. and Naples Lat. 1 (CLA 3.353, 388): G has regularly the uncial form, as in Visigothic minuscule; the shoulder of r rises above the line, a North Italian characteristic; i-longa is regularly used initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; the ti ligature is used for both the hard and soft sound; ligatures ati and ui are characteristic, the latter resembling a tall ⁊. Some corrections and marginalia in ninth-century minuscule recall the Nonantola type (foll. 65v, 66, 66v).
","Written in Italy, doubtless in the North, to judge by the resemblance to certain Bobbio hands. The date probably falls 760–778, which is the first of a series of 19-year cycles inserted on foll. 104v–105v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/708.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/708.jpg 709,411,Uncial,"VI ex–VIII in",676,725,3,371,"Written presumably at Ravenna, where it evidently existed in the early tenth century.",,,,Orationes.,Parchment,,,"TM 66472",,"Main section of the roll shown",,,"Script is rather massive, not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial **A** descends in a hair-line and curls back; the base of **B** often ends in a little downward curve; the hasta of uncial **E** is central; the second upright of **N** is wedge-shaped; the bow of **R** descends almost to the base-line; uncial **E** with cedilla is regularly used for the diphthong **Æ**. Eight letters referring to Ravenna were copied on the back of the rotulus at the beginning of the tenth century.","☛CLA date changed from saec. VIII in to follow CLLA. ☛Formerly Imbersago, Via Mombello without number.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/709,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/709,"Script is rather massive, not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial A descends in a hair-line and curls back; the base of B often ends in a little downward curve; the hasta of uncial E is central; the second upright of N is wedge-shaped; the bow of R descends almost to the base-line; uncial E with cedilla is regularly used for the diphthong Æ. Eight letters referring to Ravenna were copied on the back of the rotulus at the beginning of the tenth century.
","Written presumably at Ravenna, where it evidently existed in the early tenth century.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. VIII in to follow CLLA. ☛Formerly Imbersago, Via Mombello without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/709.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/709.jpg 710,412,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,372,"Written in Spain. The cursive marginal annotations contain the name of Ibinhamdon, who was evidently an adversary of the heretical archbishop Elipandus of Toledo (783–808). The name of Ibinhamdon occurs also in the marginalia of MS 19, described in the [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/711). The history of the migration of both these Visigothic MSS is probably the same. Read and annotated presumably at Monte Cassino towards the end of the eleventh century, as the Beneventan transliterations suggest.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Fide, De Spiritu Sancto, Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66473",,"page 172 ",,,"Script is the low compact type of early Visigothic minuscule: **i**-longa occurs with fair regularity initially and medially when semi-vocal; no distinction is made between the hard and soft **ti**. Marginal notes and comments in almost contemporary Arabic and in Visigothic cursive, some of the latter having Beneventan transliteration saec. XI.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/710,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/710,"Script is the low compact type of early Visigothic minuscule: i-longa occurs with fair regularity initially and medially when semi-vocal; no distinction is made between the hard and soft ti. Marginal notes and comments in almost contemporary Arabic and in Visigothic cursive, some of the latter having Beneventan transliteration saec. XI.
","Written in Spain. The cursive marginal annotations contain the name of Ibinhamdon, who was evidently an adversary of the heretical archbishop Elipandus of Toledo (783–808). The name of Ibinhamdon occurs also in the marginalia of MS 19, described in the next item. The history of the migration of both these Visigothic MSS is probably the same. Read and annotated presumably at Monte Cassino towards the end of the eleventh century, as the Beneventan transliterations suggest.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/710.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/710.jpg 711,413,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,373,"Written in Spain, probably in the same scriptorium as Monte Cassino 4: the two MSS have probably had the same history (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/710)). Retouched by an eleventh-century Beneventan hand, presumably at Monte Cassino.",,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 66474",,"page 262 ",,,"Script is the low compact type of early Visigothic minuscule by two hands, the more skilful recalling the scribe of Monte Cassino 4 (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/710)): **d** has two forms; **u** is often suprascript; **i**-longa is used with regularity both initially (even 'Ille') and medially when semi-vocal; no distinction is made between the soft and hard sound of **ti**. Marginalia in contemporary Visigothic occur passim; a few notes are in Arabic (p. 79, 97, 222).",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/711,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/711,"Script is the low compact type of early Visigothic minuscule by two hands, the more skilful recalling the scribe of Monte Cassino 4 (see preceding item): d has two forms; u is often suprascript; i-longa is used with regularity both initially (even 'Ille') and medially when semi-vocal; no distinction is made between the soft and hard sound of ti. Marginalia in contemporary Visigothic occur passim; a few notes are in Arabic (p. 79, 97, 222).
","Written in Spain, probably in the same scriptorium as Monte Cassino 4: the two MSS have probably had the same history (see preceding item). Retouched by an eleventh-century Beneventan hand, presumably at Monte Cassino.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/711.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/711.jpg 712,414,Half-Uncial,"VI² (ante 570)",551,569,3,374a,"Written in South Italy, probably in the scriptorium of Eugippius at Castello Lucullano, Naples. It was certainly read and corrected there by Donatus presbyter in 570, as we know from the subscription on p. 248. On p. 1 stands the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 193.",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66475",,"page 270 ",,,"Script is a regular, almost majestic half-uncial by more than one scribe: the hasta of **F** often extends to the left of the shaft; the bow of **Ᵹ** is generous. Contemporary corrections and marginalia, probably all by Donatus, are in sloping uncial; there are later entries in Beneventan saec. X–XI (p. 68, 423) and in ordinary minuscule, the latter being chiefly concerned with restoring lost portions near the edge. Beneventan neumes are seen on p. 538.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 23](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/036_tav023b.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/712,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/712,"Script is a regular, almost majestic half-uncial by more than one scribe: the hasta of F often extends to the left of the shaft; the bow of Ᵹ is generous. Contemporary corrections and marginalia, probably all by Donatus, are in sloping uncial; there are later entries in Beneventan saec. X–XI (p. 68, 423) and in ordinary minuscule, the latter being chiefly concerned with restoring lost portions near the edge. Beneventan neumes are seen on p. 538.
","Written in South Italy, probably in the scriptorium of Eugippius at Castello Lucullano, Naples. It was certainly read and corrected there by Donatus presbyter in 570, as we know from the subscription on p. 248. On p. 1 stands the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 193.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 23.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/712.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/712.jpg 713,415,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,3,374b,"Written doubtless in South Italy, and has presumably the same later history as the older portion of the same MS. On p. 1 stands the familiar Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 193.",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66476",,"page 7 ",,,"Script is late uncial: uncial **A** has regularly a horizontal hair-line at the top; the bow of uncial **M** is closed; **N** has the second upright comma-shaped, **FF** and **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/713,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/713,"Script is late uncial: uncial A has regularly a horizontal hair-line at the top; the bow of uncial M is closed; N has the second upright comma-shaped, FF and LL run together.
","Written doubtless in South Italy, and has presumably the same later history as the older portion of the same MS. On p. 1 stands the familiar Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 193.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/713.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/713.jpg 714,416,Uncial,VII,601,700,3,375,"Written in South or Central Italy. Copied from a fifth or sixth-century exemplar, to judge by the unexpected capitals which begin some pages. Discarded saec. XI and used for writing Gregorius, Dialogi. The fourteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber Sancti Benedicti de cesamo', as well as the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 274, stands on fol. 1. Companion MSS were Rome, Vallicell. B. 38ⁱⁱ and Vatic. Ottob. Lat. 319 (CLA [1.67](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/77)).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (143–150).",Parchment,,,"TM 66477",,"page 181",,,"Script is a firm, regular uncial of a later type: the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the bows of **P** and **q** are ample; **ꞅ** is used for **S** at line-ends; a large letter occasionally begins a page regardless of sense, perhaps in imitation of the much older exemplar. Traces of cursive script are seen in lower margin of p. 174.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/714,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/714,"Script is a firm, regular uncial of a later type: the lower bow of B protrudes; the bows of P and q are ample; ꞅ is used for S at line-ends; a large letter occasionally begins a page regardless of sense, perhaps in imitation of the much older exemplar. Traces of cursive script are seen in lower margin of p. 174.
","Written in South or Central Italy. Copied from a fifth or sixth-century exemplar, to judge by the unexpected capitals which begin some pages. Discarded saec. XI and used for writing Gregorius, Dialogi. The fourteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber Sancti Benedicti de cesamo', as well as the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 274, stands on fol. 1. Companion MSS were Rome, Vallicell. B. 38ⁱⁱ and Vatic. Ottob. Lat. 319 (CLA 1.67).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/714.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/714.jpg 715,417,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,3,376,"Written doubtless in Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the eleventh century. The upper script is Gregorius, Dialogi. The fourteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber Sancti Benedicti de cesamo' stands at the top of fol. 1; at the bottom is the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 274.",3,,,"Sacramentarium Gregorianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66478",,"page 84 ",,,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial of a later type: **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/715,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/715,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial of a later type: LL run together.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Used for rewriting in the Beneventan zone in the eleventh century. The upper script is Gregorius, Dialogi. The fourteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber Sancti Benedicti de cesamo' stands at the top of fol. 1; at the bottom is the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 274.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/715.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/715.jpg 716,418,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,377,"Written presumably in South Italy, and probably in the same scriptorium as the palimpsest leaves of Genesis described in the [following item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/717): the two palimpsests are almost identical in size and have other features in common. Used for rewriting Bruno Astensis in Isaiam, in ordinary minuscule saec. XII. The usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 650 stand on p. 1.",,,,"Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66479",,"page 260 ",,,"Script is a rather stiff but carefully penned uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/716,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/716,"Script is a rather stiff but carefully penned uncial.
","Written presumably in South Italy, and probably in the same scriptorium as the palimpsest leaves of Genesis described in the following item: the two palimpsests are almost identical in size and have other features in common. Used for rewriting Bruno Astensis in Isaiam, in ordinary minuscule saec. XII. The usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 650 stand on p. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/716.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/716.jpg 717,419,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,3,378,"Written presumably in South Italy, probably in the same scriptorium as the uncial Homiliae described in the [item previous](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/716). The uncial leaves were used for rewriting Bruno Astensis in Isaiam, in ordinary minuscule saec. XII. The MS has on p. 1 the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 650.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Gn (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66480",,"page 305 ",,,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/717,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/717,"Script is a neat, well-formed uncial.
","Written presumably in South Italy, probably in the same scriptorium as the uncial Homiliae described in the item previous. The uncial leaves were used for rewriting Bruno Astensis in Isaiam, in ordinary minuscule saec. XII. The MS has on p. 1 the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris and the number 650.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/717.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/717.jpg 718,420,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,3,379,"Written presumably in South Italy, probably at Capua, to judge from certain features of the script. The sixth-century leaves were re-used probably at Capua for writing Hieronymus, Epistulae, in Beneventan script saec. XI in. On fol. 1 stands the usual sixteenth century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 301.",,,,"Cassianus, Institutiones (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66481",,"page 45 ",,,"Script is a firm, well-shaped uncial: the forms of **G** and **S** recall somewhat the [Codex Fuldensis](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672).","☛CLA date (VI ex.) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/718,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/718,"Script is a firm, well-shaped uncial: the forms of G and S recall somewhat the Codex Fuldensis.
","Written presumably in South Italy, probably at Capua, to judge from certain features of the script. The sixth-century leaves were re-used probably at Capua for writing Hieronymus, Epistulae, in Beneventan script saec. XI in. On fol. 1 stands the usual sixteenth century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 301.
","☛CLA date (VI ex.) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/718.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/718.jpg 719,421,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,3,380,"Written possibly in North Italy or France. Used as fly-leaf to a MS containing Evangelia Glossata in ordinary minuscule saec. XII, which has on fol. 1 the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 118.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis (112–113); Gennadius, Opus Incertum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66482",,"pages 201 and 202",,,"Script is an uncial of North Italian or Gallic type: the forms of **A**, **B**, **N**, **T**, and **X** are noteworthy; **G** has two forms; the bows of **P** and **q** are exaggerated; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/719,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/719,"Script is an uncial of North Italian or Gallic type: the forms of A, B, N, T, and X are noteworthy; G has two forms; the bows of P and q are exaggerated; LL run together.
","Written possibly in North Italy or France. Used as fly-leaf to a MS containing Evangelia Glossata in ordinary minuscule saec. XII, which has on fol. 1 the usual sixteenth-century Monte Cassino ex-libris with the number 118.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/719.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/719.jpg 720,422,"Early Beneventan Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,3,381,"Written in South Italy, presumably at Monte Cassino. The MS is imperfect at the beginning and the end, and no ex-libris exists.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66483",,"pages 174-175",,,"Script is an early example of South Italian minuscule, rapid and expert, with numerous ligatures in **t**: the **ti** ligature is used for both soft and hard sounds; the rule for **i**-longa is not yet strictly observed; **a** is often open like two contiguous c's; the back of **c** is mostly broken; **ꝺ** has normally the uncial form, **g** the minuscule; the loop of the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** does not descend to the base-line.",,,1,14,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/720,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/720,"Script is an early example of South Italian minuscule, rapid and expert, with numerous ligatures in t: the ti ligature is used for both soft and hard sounds; the rule for i-longa is not yet strictly observed; a is often open like two contiguous c's; the back of c is mostly broken; ꝺ has normally the uncial form, g the minuscule; the loop of the cross-stroke of ꞇ does not descend to the base-line.
","Written in South Italy, presumably at Monte Cassino. The MS is imperfect at the beginning and the end, and no ex-libris exists.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/720.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/720.jpg 721,423,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,3,382,"Written presumably in South Italy. Was certainly in Beneventan hands by the eleventh century. Used about 1686 to reinforce the binding of the celebrated Homiliarium, Monte Cassino 109, written by Grimoald in the first half of the eleventh century. Discovered by the present librarian, Dom Mauro lnguanez, in 1937.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 1 Cor 1-4, passim.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66484",,"foll. 1 and 2v ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the upper part of the bow of uncial **A** is often slightly concave; the cross stroke of **N** is rather low; the top of **T** has a tag to left; **LL** run together. A marginal entry in Beneventan saec. XI, 'dne quando', is seen at the top of fol. 1.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/721,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/721,"Script is uncial of a late type: the upper part of the bow of uncial A is often slightly concave; the cross stroke of N is rather low; the top of T has a tag to left; LL run together. A marginal entry in Beneventan saec. XI, 'dne quando', is seen at the top of fol. 1.
","Written presumably in South Italy. Was certainly in Beneventan hands by the eleventh century. Used about 1686 to reinforce the binding of the celebrated Homiliarium, Monte Cassino 109, written by Grimoald in the first half of the eleventh century. Discovered by the present librarian, Dom Mauro lnguanez, in 1937.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/721.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/721.jpg 722,424,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,3,383,"Written in some Rhaetian centre, quite likely at Chur, to judge by the striking similarity to the script of [St Gall 348](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66485",,"foll. 48 and 71 ",,,"Script is a typical Rhaetian minuscule by two scribes (both seen on fol. 48): there is a general resemblance to Beneventan in the ductus of the first hand, strengthened by the form of **a** and **t** and the **ri** ligature; **y** is v-shaped and dotted.","Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2877.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/722,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/722,"Script is a typical Rhaetian minuscule by two scribes (both seen on fol. 48): there is a general resemblance to Beneventan in the ductus of the first hand, strengthened by the form of a and t and the ri ligature; y is v-shaped and dotted.
","Written in some Rhaetian centre, quite likely at Chur, to judge by the striking similarity to the script of St Gall 348.
","Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2877.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/722.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/722.jpg 723,425,Uncial,VIII,701,800,3,384,"Written in Italy, presumably in the North. Used for rewriting in the late tenth or eleventh century.",,,,"Sacramentarium Ambrosianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66486",,"Image from fol. 82v in two sections",,,"Script is a rude uncial: **N** has its third stroke comma-like and resting well above the base-line, a feature of many North Italian uncial MSS; the cross-stroke of **T** has downward finials; **i**-longa occurs initially; **LL** run together.","☛Reused in AD 10–11; Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 51 no. 15. ☛K. Gamber, 'Teile eines ambrosianischen Messbuches im Palimpsest von Monza aus dem 8. Jahrhundert' [Scriptorium 16 (1962) 3–15](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1962_num_16_1_3108).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/723,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/723,"Script is a rude uncial: N has its third stroke comma-like and resting well above the base-line, a feature of many North Italian uncial MSS; the cross-stroke of T has downward finials; i-longa occurs initially; LL run together.
","Written in Italy, presumably in the North. Used for rewriting in the late tenth or eleventh century.
","☛Reused in AD 10–11; Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 51 no. 15. ☛K. Gamber, 'Teile eines ambrosianischen Messbuches im Palimpsest von Monza aus dem 8. Jahrhundert' Scriptorium 16 (1962) 3–15.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/723.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/723.jpg 724,427,"Rustic Capital","I med (ante 79)",28,78,3,386,"Written in Italy before 79, the date of the eruption of Vesuvius. Unrolled in 1808 by G. Casanova and in 1820 by V. Orsini. Drawings made by F. Celentano in 1820 and by R. Biondi in 1856. Twelve drawings exist.",3,,,"Oratio in Senatu Habita ante Principem.",Papyrus,,,"TM 66487",,"Image from frame 1",,http://www.chartes.it/index.php?r=document/view&id=1093,"Script is a neat small Rustic capital: **A** is not barred; the tail of **G** turns up to the right; **D**, **M**, and **N** are broad; **E**, **R**, and **S** are slender; **Q** is very round; **U** is pointed.","☛F. Costabile, Atti XVII Congresso Intern. Papirlogia, Naples 1984, p. 591–606.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/724,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/724,"Script is a neat small Rustic capital: A is not barred; the tail of G turns up to the right; D, M, and N are broad; E, R, and S are slender; Q is very round; U is pointed.
","Written in Italy before 79, the date of the eruption of Vesuvius. Unrolled in 1808 by G. Casanova and in 1820 by V. Orsini. Drawings made by F. Celentano in 1820 and by R. Biondi in 1856. Twelve drawings exist.
","☛F. Costabile, Atti XVII Congresso Intern. Papirlogia, Naples 1984, p. 591–606.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/724.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/724.jpg 725,248,"Rustic Capital","I in",-30,25,3,387,"Written in Italy before 79—the date of the eruption of Vesuvius. Unrolled by C. Paderni in 1802 and by G. B. Malesci in 1830. Drawings were made by F. Celentano in 1830. Ten drawings exist.",3,,,"Lucius Manlius Torquatus, Opus incertum (juridical speech, with final title). ",Papyrus,,,"TM 66488",,"Image from frame 5, col. 5",,http://www.chartes.it/index.php?r=document/view&id=1500,"Script is a well-formed Rustic capital with marked contrast between the thick and thin strokes: **A** has no bar; **B** is tall with the upper bow very small and the lower protruding; **D**, **M**, and **N** are broad; **E** and **F** are easily confused; **H** has the form found in capitalis Quadrata; **U** is pointed as in capitalis Quadrata. Uprights have a thick sinuous base, recalling brush technique.","☛P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1988), p. 353–370, p. 361 and n. 25. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, p. 34 pl. II.2.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/725,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/725,"Script is a well-formed Rustic capital with marked contrast between the thick and thin strokes: A has no bar; B is tall with the upper bow very small and the lower protruding; D, M, and N are broad; E and F are easily confused; H has the form found in capitalis Quadrata; U is pointed as in capitalis Quadrata. Uprights have a thick sinuous base, recalling brush technique.
","Written in Italy before 79—the date of the eruption of Vesuvius. Unrolled by C. Paderni in 1802 and by G. B. Malesci in 1830. Drawings were made by F. Celentano in 1830. Ten drawings exist.
","☛P. Radiciotti, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1988), p. 353–370, p. 361 and n. 25. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, p. 34 pl. II.2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/725.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/725.jpg 726,429,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,3,388,"Written at Bobbio over two Old-Latin biblical texts in fifth-century uncial (see CLA [3.389](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/727) and [390](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/728)). Removed from Bobbio probably by Parrhasius (†1522). Later passed to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed in 1718 to Vienna and returned to Naples in 1919.",,44.7701,9.386,"Grammatica Varia: De Verbo ad Severum; Probus, Ars Minor; Appendix Probi.",Parchment,,,"TM 66489",,"First image from fol. 6v, col. 1, and fol. 38; our second image from fol. 8",,,"Script is a very expert finely penned cursive minuscule, distinctly North Italian: noteworthy are the upright form of **a** in ligature with another letter, the elongated loop of **e**, and the 7-shaped form of **t** when combined with **i**; **i**-longa is used regularly at the beginning of a word, even in 'illa', and medially for the semi-vocal sound; capital **Q** has its tail turned up into the bow; **y** is v-shaped and dotted.","☛CLA script (North Italian Pre-caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 4 p. VI. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 17.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/726,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726,"Script is a very expert finely penned cursive minuscule, distinctly North Italian: noteworthy are the upright form of a in ligature with another letter, the elongated loop of e, and the 7-shaped form of t when combined with i; i-longa is used regularly at the beginning of a word, even in 'illa', and medially for the semi-vocal sound; capital Q has its tail turned up into the bow; y is v-shaped and dotted.
","Written at Bobbio over two Old-Latin biblical texts in fifth-century uncial (see CLA 3.389 and 390). Removed from Bobbio probably by Parrhasius (†1522). Later passed to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed in 1718 to Vienna and returned to Naples in 1919.
","☛CLA script (North Italian Pre-caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 4 p. VI. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 17.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/726.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/726.jpg 727,430,Uncial,V,401,500,3,389,"Written probably in North Africa. Leaves of the ancient MS were used again at Bobbio in the eighth century for copying the grammatical treatises described in the preceding item. For the later history of the MS see the previous CLA [3.388](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, 1 Sm 1–4, 6, 9-11, 14, 2 Sm 4–5, 10–11, 13–14, 17–18, 1 Rg 11–13, 15–16, 18, 2 Rg 6, 10, 13, 15, 17 passim.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66490",,"fol. 18v ",,,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type by a not very expert scribe: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the bows of **B**, **P**, and **R** are small; the eye of uncial **E** is open, its hasta thick and slightly above the middle; the bar of **F** is tiny and on the line; the tail of **G** is small; the bows of uncial **M** are compressed; the top of **O** is somewhat pointed. A marginal note in cursive saec. VI in the upper left-hand corner of fol. 31 ('hic pugna . . .').","☛CLA provenance (written most likely in Italy) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/727,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/727,"Script is an uncial of the oldest type by a not very expert scribe: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the bows of B, P, and R are small; the eye of uncial E is open, its hasta thick and slightly above the middle; the bar of F is tiny and on the line; the tail of G is small; the bows of uncial M are compressed; the top of O is somewhat pointed. A marginal note in cursive saec. VI in the upper left-hand corner of fol. 31 ('hic pugna . . .').
","Written probably in North Africa. Leaves of the ancient MS were used again at Bobbio in the eighth century for copying the grammatical treatises described in the preceding item. For the later history of the MS see the previous CLA 3.388.
","☛CLA provenance (written most likely in Italy) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/727.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/727.jpg 728,431,Uncial,V,401,500,3,390,"Written most likely in Italy. These biblical leaves were palimpsested at Bobbio in the eighth century to accommodate works on grammar. For the later history of the MS see previous, CLA [3.388](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus Latina, Gn, Ex, Lv (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66491",,"fol. 52 ",,,"Script is a well-formed, round uncial of the older type. A marginal entry in seventh-century cursive is seen in the right margin of fol. 16.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/728,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/728,"Script is a well-formed, round uncial of the older type. A marginal entry in seventh-century cursive is seen in the right margin of fol. 16.
","Written most likely in Italy. These biblical leaves were palimpsested at Bobbio in the eighth century to accommodate works on grammar. For the later history of the MS see previous, CLA 3.388.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/728.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/728.jpg 729,432,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,391,"Written doubtless at Bobbio, probably at the same time as the Charisius over Lucan (see CLA [3.400](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/738)). On fol. 1 is the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio'. Removed probably by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.",,44.7701,9.386,"Hieronymus et Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Augustinus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66492",,"fol. 7v ",,,"Script is a finely penned, tiny Irish minuscule with frequent use of **ri**, **ti**, **si** (shaped like the normal **fi** ligature) and other **i**-ligatures; **e** with the reversed lower bow occurs in ligature. Simple but typical Insular initials in black, often enclosing one or two of the letters following. Some sections begin with a series of larger letters which gradually diminish in size, an Insular practice.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16. ",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/729,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/729,"Script is a finely penned, tiny Irish minuscule with frequent use of ri, ti, si (shaped like the normal fi ligature) and other i-ligatures; e with the reversed lower bow occurs in ligature. Simple but typical Insular initials in black, often enclosing one or two of the letters following. Some sections begin with a series of larger letters which gradually diminish in size, an Insular practice.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio, probably at the same time as the Charisius over Lucan (see CLA 3.400). On fol. 1 is the fifteenth-century Bobbio ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio'. Removed probably by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/729.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/729.jpg 730,434,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,3,393,"Written most likely in Italy. The ancient leaves were re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy patristic treatises. For the later history of the MS see previous CLA [3.391](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/729).",3,,,"Pelagonius, Ars Veterinaria (26, 28–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 66494",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is a natural but somewhat irregular uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** is mostly open; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye is mostly closed; the two bows of uncial **M** seem to pull apart; **R** descends below the line; **CI** at line-ends are joined so that they resemble uncial **q**.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 37–41) [palimpsest old 2].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/730,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/730,"Script is a natural but somewhat irregular uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the lower bow of B is mostly open; the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye is mostly closed; the two bows of uncial M seem to pull apart; R descends below the line; CI at line-ends are joined so that they resemble uncial q.
","Written most likely in Italy. The ancient leaves were re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy patristic treatises. For the later history of the MS see previous CLA 3.391.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 37–41) [palimpsest old 2].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/730.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/730.jpg 731,435,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,394,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. On the second leaf (fol. 43) is the fifteenth-century ex-libris, 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio’. Removed probably by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.",,44.7701,9.386,"Grammatica et Patristica Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66497",,"fol. 63 and 71",,,"Script is a finely penned Irish minuscule by many hands, one of which is seen also between folios 1–42: **ri**, **ti**, and other **i**-ligatures are frequent; **e** with the lower bow reversed occurs in ligature. Modest initials of the Insular type in black with a tendency to enclose the letter or letters following, or to combine in monogram. The opening words of a section are occasionally in Irish majuscule.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (bifoll. 57 & 70; 58 & 69; 59 & 68; 61 & 66).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/731,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731,"Script is a finely penned Irish minuscule by many hands, one of which is seen also between folios 1–42: ri, ti, and other i-ligatures are frequent; e with the lower bow reversed occurs in ligature. Modest initials of the Insular type in black with a tendency to enclose the letter or letters following, or to combine in monogram. The opening words of a section are occasionally in Irish majuscule.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. On the second leaf (fol. 43) is the fifteenth-century ex-libris, 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio’. Removed probably by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (bifoll. 57 & 70; 58 & 69; 59 & 68; 61 & 66).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/731.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/731.jpg 732,436,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,3,395,"Written most likely in Italy. Re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy patristic and grammatical works described above. For the later history of the MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae catholicae (Vetus Latina, Iac, 1 Pt, Act).",Parchment,"Codex Bobiensis. Codex Vindobonensis.",,"TM 66498",,"fol. 45v ",,,"Script is a regular and well-formed half-uncial: **G** has the uncial form regularly, **ꝺ**, **R**, **S**, have it occasionally.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 42, 43–56, 71–75).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/732,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/732,"Script is a regular and well-formed half-uncial: G has the uncial form regularly, ꝺ, R, S, have it occasionally.
","Written most likely in Italy. Re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy patristic and grammatical works described above. For the later history of the MS see preceding item.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 42, 43–56, 71–75).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/732.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/732.jpg 733,437,Uncial,V²,451,500,3,396,"Written most likely in Italy. Re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy grammatical treatises. For the later history of the MS see above, CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731).",3,,,"Epistula Apocrypha Apostolorum; Revelatio Thomae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66499",,"From the bifolium 67v/60r",,,"Script is a well-formed uncial of the oldest type: the upper bow of **B** is small, the loop of uncial **E** is open and tiny, uncial **M** begins with a straight stroke, the bow of **q** is small, the cross-stroke of **T** is a mere flourish, so that **I** and **T** are easily confused.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (bifoll. 60 & 67).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/733,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/733,"Script is a well-formed uncial of the oldest type: the upper bow of B is small, the loop of uncial E is open and tiny, uncial M begins with a straight stroke, the bow of q is small, the cross-stroke of T is a mere flourish, so that I and T are easily confused.
","Written most likely in Italy. Re-used at Bobbio in the eighth century to copy grammatical treatises. For the later history of the MS see above, CLA 3.394.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (bifoll. 60 & 67).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/733.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/733.jpg 734,438,Quarter-Uncial,V,401,500,3,397a,"Written most likely in Italy. Irish hands at Bobbio in the eighth century restored in the margin damaged portions of the original text (foll. 109–110) and made two large additions. Found at Bobbio in 1493. For the later history of the MS see previous entry CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731). The text of Servius de Finalibus was entered, doubtless at Bobbio, by an eighth-century Irish hand on fol. 139v—a page left blank at the end of the MS of Claudius Sacerdos described in the next item—and continued on foll. 140–141v over an erased text of Charisius.",3,,,"Probus, De Catholicis, De Prosodia ad Marcellum; Charisius, Ars Grammatica; Excerpta.",Parchment,,,"TM 66500",,"foll. 95, 107, and 140v (Irish minuscule over erased quarter-uncial)",,,"Script is an expert and finely penned small half-uncial known as quarter-uncial, with occasional admixture of uncial and cursive elements: the ancient d-shaped **b** occurs on fol. 107; **i** following **r** or **ꞇ** is mostly long and frequently extends below the line; **u** is often cup-shaped, resembling open o, as in older Latin cursive. On fol. 111v is an insertion of excerpts from Macrobius, in part by the Irish scribe of foll. 157–158 (see CLA [3.397b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/735)). Another eighth-century Irish hand used the last blank page (fol. 139v) of the MS of Claudius Sacerdos described in the [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/735) and foll. 140–141v, from which the fifth-century quarter-uncial had been erased, for copying Servius de Finalibus; abbreviations include the usual Insular symbols; script is an angular Irish minuscule mixed with majuscule.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 76–111, 140–156, 159).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/734,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/734,"Script is an expert and finely penned small half-uncial known as quarter-uncial, with occasional admixture of uncial and cursive elements: the ancient d-shaped b occurs on fol. 107; i following r or ꞇ is mostly long and frequently extends below the line; u is often cup-shaped, resembling open o, as in older Latin cursive. On fol. 111v is an insertion of excerpts from Macrobius, in part by the Irish scribe of foll. 157–158 (see CLA 3.397b). Another eighth-century Irish hand used the last blank page (fol. 139v) of the MS of Claudius Sacerdos described in the next item and foll. 140–141v, from which the fifth-century quarter-uncial had been erased, for copying Servius de Finalibus; abbreviations include the usual Insular symbols; script is an angular Irish minuscule mixed with majuscule.
","Written most likely in Italy. Irish hands at Bobbio in the eighth century restored in the margin damaged portions of the original text (foll. 109–110) and made two large additions. Found at Bobbio in 1493. For the later history of the MS see previous entry CLA 3.394. The text of Servius de Finalibus was entered, doubtless at Bobbio, by an eighth-century Irish hand on fol. 139v—a page left blank at the end of the MS of Claudius Sacerdos described in the next item—and continued on foll. 140–141v over an erased text of Charisius.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 76–111, 140–156, 159).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/734.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/734.jpg 735,440,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,397b,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. For the later history of the MS see previous, CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731).",,44.7701,9.386,"Excerpta ex Macrobio.",Parchment,,,"TM 66502",,"fol. 157",,,"Script is a neat, rapidly written Irish minuscule with cursive **ti**, **ri**, and subscript **a** and **i**; the same hand wrote part of the Macrobius text on fol. 111v.","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 157–158).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/735,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/735,"Script is a neat, rapidly written Irish minuscule with cursive ti, ri, and subscript a and i; the same hand wrote part of the Macrobius text on fol. 111v.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. For the later history of the MS see previous, CLA 3.394.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 157–158).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/735.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/735.jpg 736,439,Quarter-Uncial,V,401,500,3,398,"Written most likely in Italy. Was in the hands of Irish scribes, no doubt at Bobbio, in the eighth century, when the leaves originally left blank (foll. 139v–141v) were used for copying a text of Servius described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/734). Found at Bobbio in 1493. The Probus fragments in Turin (Biblioteca de S. M. il Re, Varia 186 bis and the leaf, now destroyed, which once formed the fly-leaf of Turin G.V. 4 containing Paulus Diaconus on the Rule of St Benedict) probably once formed part of our MS, to judge by similarity of script and exact agreement in the dimensions of the written space. For the later history of the MS see previous entry CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731).",3,,,"Claudius Sacerdos, Artes Grammaticae; Probus, De Catholicis. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66501",,"fol. 131v ",,,"Script is a rapid, expert, in part almost cursive small half-uncial, known as quarter-uncial, of the same type as the Probus and Charisius described in the preceding item: **d** has both the half-uncial and uncial forms; the upper part of **e** often rises high above the line and is looped; **i** following **r** or **ꞇ** extends well above the line and somewhat below; the shafts of **b** and **l** have a tendency to bend in (a trick much affected by Insular scribes); the cross-stroke of **N** is often high and almost horizontal; suprascript **u** occurs even in midline. On the entry of Servius de Finalibus in Irish minuscule begun on fol. 139v and continued to 141v see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/734).","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale G.V.4 (fly-leaf). ☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 112–139).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/736,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/736,"Script is a rapid, expert, in part almost cursive small half-uncial, known as quarter-uncial, of the same type as the Probus and Charisius described in the preceding item: d has both the half-uncial and uncial forms; the upper part of e often rises high above the line and is looped; i following r or ꞇ extends well above the line and somewhat below; the shafts of b and l have a tendency to bend in (a trick much affected by Insular scribes); the cross-stroke of N is often high and almost horizontal; suprascript u occurs even in midline. On the entry of Servius de Finalibus in Irish minuscule begun on fol. 139v and continued to 141v see preceding item.
","Written most likely in Italy. Was in the hands of Irish scribes, no doubt at Bobbio, in the eighth century, when the leaves originally left blank (foll. 139v–141v) were used for copying a text of Servius described in the preceding item. Found at Bobbio in 1493. The Probus fragments in Turin (Biblioteca de S. M. il Re, Varia 186 bis and the leaf, now destroyed, which once formed the fly-leaf of Turin G.V. 4 containing Paulus Diaconus on the Rule of St Benedict) probably once formed part of our MS, to judge by similarity of script and exact agreement in the dimensions of the written space. For the later history of the MS see previous entry CLA 3.394.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale G.V.4 (fly-leaf). ☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 112–139).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/736.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/736.jpg 737,441,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,3,399,"Written presumably in Italy, and probably in the North. Given by Antonio Seripando (†1531) to the Augustinian monastery of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc 10.6–23.10, Mc 2–15 passim).",Parchment,"Codex Vindobonensis. (i)",,"TM 66503",,"fol. 94v",,,"Script is a very expert, graceful uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** is very full, the upper tiny and mostly open, rising slightly above the head-line; the eye of uncial **E** is open and the hasta is mostly high; uncial **M** normally begins with a straight line, a sign of antiquity; the bows of **P** and **R** are small and open; that of **q** is large. Early cursive in fine sixth-century characters occurs in the margins of foll. 94v, 128v, 129v, 131, 132 (to the right of the first three lines). Several leaves are palimpsest: the scribe apparently turned them upside-down to rewrite the same text (cf. fol. 110).","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1235. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 99.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/737,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/737,"Script is a very expert, graceful uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the lower bow of B is very full, the upper tiny and mostly open, rising slightly above the head-line; the eye of uncial E is open and the hasta is mostly high; uncial M normally begins with a straight line, a sign of antiquity; the bows of P and R are small and open; that of q is large. Early cursive in fine sixth-century characters occurs in the margins of foll. 94v, 128v, 129v, 131, 132 (to the right of the first three lines). Several leaves are palimpsest: the scribe apparently turned them upside-down to rewrite the same text (cf. fol. 110).
","Written presumably in Italy, and probably in the North. Given by Antonio Seripando (†1531) to the Augustinian monastery of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples. Removed to Vienna in 1717 and returned to Naples in 1919.
","☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1235. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 99.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/737.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/737.jpg 738,442,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,3,400,"Written doubtless at Bobbio, probably at the same time as the Hieronymus over Lucan (see CLA [3.391](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/729)). The familiar fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio' is on fol. 38. Obtained probably before 1504 by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples.",,44.7701,9.386,"Charisius, Ars Grammatica; Servus, De Centum Metris.",Parchment,,,"TM 66504",,"fol. 18 ",,,"Script is a finely penned Irish minuscule by several hands: ligatures with **i** (**ci**, **li**, **ri**, **si** formed like normal **fi**) are frequent, also ligatures with subscript **a** and **i**; **e** with the reversed lower bow occurs. Simple Insular initials in black. At the beginning of sections, two or more letters are often bound in monogram or nestle within the bow of the initial letter.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/738,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/738,"Script is a finely penned Irish minuscule by several hands: ligatures with i (ci, li, ri, si formed like normal fi) are frequent, also ligatures with subscript a and i; e with the reversed lower bow occurs. Simple Insular initials in black. At the beginning of sections, two or more letters are often bound in monogram or nestle within the bow of the initial letter.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio, probably at the same time as the Hieronymus over Lucan (see CLA 3.391). The familiar fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani de bobio' is on fol. 38. Obtained probably before 1504 by Parrhasius (†1522), passed later to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/738.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/738.jpg 739,443,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,401,"Written probably in North Italy. The ancient text was erased at Bobbio in the eighth century and the leaves re-used for copying Charisius in Irish minuscule. Acquired from Bobbio probably before 1504 by Parrhasius (†1522). For the later history of the MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/738).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Par, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66505",,"fol. 8 ",,,"Script is a strong, well-formed half-uncial: the eye of uncial **E** is closed; the lower bow of **Ᵹ** is rather small; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin; the shoulder of **r** does not descend low. The script has a striking resemblance to that of the Fleury palimpsest of Numbers ([Paris Lat. 6400 G, foll. 131–145v](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/928)), with which our MS agrees in size, and in the number of columns and lines.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/739,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/739,"Script is a strong, well-formed half-uncial: the eye of uncial E is closed; the lower bow of Ᵹ is rather small; the oblique stroke of N is thin; the shoulder of r does not descend low. The script has a striking resemblance to that of the Fleury palimpsest of Numbers (Paris Lat. 6400 G, foll. 131–145v), with which our MS agrees in size, and in the number of columns and lines.
","Written probably in North Italy. The ancient text was erased at Bobbio in the eighth century and the leaves re-used for copying Charisius in Irish minuscule. Acquired from Bobbio probably before 1504 by Parrhasius (†1522). For the later history of the MS see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/739.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/739.jpg 740,444,Uncial,VI²,551,600,3,402,"Written doubtless in Italy. Rewritten at Bobbio in the eighth century. Fol. 38 contains the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani [de bobio]'. For the later history of the MS see CLA [3.400](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/738).",3,,,"Iustinianus, Digesta (10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66506",,"fol. 39 ",,,"Script is a stately uncial with some artificial features, as forked finials and hair-lines: uncial **E** is roundish and the hasta is above the middle; the two bows of uncial **M** are almost closed; **N** is broad, the two uprights being fine and the oblique stroke thick; the cross-stroke of **T** has a wedge-shaped thickening at both ends. A marginal rubric in excellent contemporary half-uncial occurs on fol. 39.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/740,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/740,"Script is a stately uncial with some artificial features, as forked finials and hair-lines: uncial E is roundish and the hasta is above the middle; the two bows of uncial M are almost closed; N is broad, the two uprights being fine and the oblique stroke thick; the cross-stroke of T has a wedge-shaped thickening at both ends. A marginal rubric in excellent contemporary half-uncial occurs on fol. 39.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Rewritten at Bobbio in the eighth century. Fol. 38 contains the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber scꞇi columbani [de bobio]'. For the later history of the MS see CLA 3.400.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/740.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/740.jpg 741,445,"North Italian Cursive Minuscule",VII–VIII,687,701,3,403,"Written presumably at Bobbio on parchment originally used for the work of Gargilius Martialis in uncial saec. VI, described in the [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/742). If one is correct in assuming that the list of popes, which ends Conon (†687) is original, the precise time of writing falls in the pontificate of Sergius I (687–701), a date palaeographically acceptable. Removed from Bobbio probably by Parrhasius (†1522); later passed to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples.",,44.7701,9.386,"Liber Pontificalis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66507",,"fol. 42v ",,,"Script is a very expert, rapid, finely penned cursive minuscule of distinctly North Italian type (see Note below), with **ꞅꞅ** shaped like inverted **μ**, and **z** extending far below the line—two unmistakeable North Italian features; **a** in ligature often has the upright form; the upper loop of **e** is elongated; **i**-longa is used regularly at the beginning of a word and medially for the semi-vocal sound; **t** in combination with **i** resembles the number 7; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sound. Similar minuscule is found in the upper script of Naples Lat. 1 (Vindobon. 17), containing Grammatica Varia (see CLA [3.388](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726)), and in the Julius Valerius MS Turin A. II. 2, now destroyed, and to be seen in C. Cupola, Codici Bobbies, pl. viii.","☛CLA script (North Italian Pre-caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 4 p. VI. ☛CLA date range changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 239.",,,12,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/741,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/741,"Script is a very expert, rapid, finely penned cursive minuscule of distinctly North Italian type (see Note below), with ꞅꞅ shaped like inverted μ, and z extending far below the line—two unmistakeable North Italian features; a in ligature often has the upright form; the upper loop of e is elongated; i-longa is used regularly at the beginning of a word and medially for the semi-vocal sound; t in combination with i resembles the number 7; the ti ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sound. Similar minuscule is found in the upper script of Naples Lat. 1 (Vindobon. 17), containing Grammatica Varia (see CLA 3.388), and in the Julius Valerius MS Turin A. II. 2, now destroyed, and to be seen in C. Cupola, Codici Bobbies, pl. viii.
","Written presumably at Bobbio on parchment originally used for the work of Gargilius Martialis in uncial saec. VI, described in the next item. If one is correct in assuming that the list of popes, which ends Conon (†687) is original, the precise time of writing falls in the pontificate of Sergius I (687–701), a date palaeographically acceptable. Removed from Bobbio probably by Parrhasius (†1522); later passed to Antonio Seripando (†1531), and from him to his brother Girolamo, Cardinal Archbishop of Salerno (†1563), who left his library to the Augustinians of S. Giovanni a Carbonara, Naples.
","☛CLA script (North Italian Pre-caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 4 p. VI. ☛CLA date range changed to follow Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968), p. 239.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/741.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/741.jpg 742,446,Uncial,VI,501,600,3,404,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the character of the script, which shows some resemblances to Bobbio uncial. The ancient leaves were re-used in the eighth century, doubtless at Bobbio, for copying the Liber Pontificalis. For the later history of the MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/741).",,,,"Gargilius Martialis, De Re Rustica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66508",,"fol. 44 ",,,"Script is a well-formed, somewhat heavy uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is rather full; the upper bow of **B** and **R** is fair-sized and does not touch the stem; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye is closed; the oblique stroke of **N** curves somewhat at the end; **S** is top-heavy. The whole script seems to incline to the left. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/742,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/742,"Script is a well-formed, somewhat heavy uncial: the bow of uncial A is rather full; the upper bow of B and R is fair-sized and does not touch the stem; the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye is closed; the oblique stroke of N curves somewhat at the end; S is top-heavy. The whole script seems to incline to the left.
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the character of the script, which shows some resemblances to Bobbio uncial. The ancient leaves were re-used in the eighth century, doubtless at Bobbio, for copying the Liber Pontificalis. For the later history of the MS see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/742.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/742.jpg 743,447,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,3,405,"Written in Italy, presumably in the North, if the form of **z** used by the earliest seventh-century annotator may be taken as a guide. However, the punctuation by means of groups of dots, used by another early reader, points rather to South Italy. The MS was certainly in the hands of a South Italian reader by the tenth century, as is seen from the various marginal entries in Beneventan. It has been connected with Bobbio, but on no definite evidence. 'No. 85' in an eighteenth-century hand is seen in the upper left-hand corner of the opening page.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae; Augustinus, Sermones (351).",Parchment,,,"TM 66509",,"fol. 75 ",,,"Script is a natural, though not very expert, uncial excepting the rounded hand on foll. 104–119v: the bow of uncial **A** is often high; the third stroke of **N** is wedge-shaped or comma-like; half-uncial **ꞅ** occurs at line-ends; the lower left leg of **X** bends down instead of up. Numerous marginal entries in seventh-century cursive by several hands, the most expert using a form of elongated **z** found in North Italian charters and MSS; Beneventan marginalia saec. IX–X on foll. 16, 23, 25, 45, 53, 68, 75, etc.; Notae Tironianae on foll. 74v, 107, 110v, etc. Corrector's notes 'contuli ucumque' (sic) and 'emendaui utcumque' occur on foll. 44, 76.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/743,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/743,"Script is a natural, though not very expert, uncial excepting the rounded hand on foll. 104–119v: the bow of uncial A is often high; the third stroke of N is wedge-shaped or comma-like; half-uncial ꞅ occurs at line-ends; the lower left leg of X bends down instead of up. Numerous marginal entries in seventh-century cursive by several hands, the most expert using a form of elongated z found in North Italian charters and MSS; Beneventan marginalia saec. IX–X on foll. 16, 23, 25, 45, 53, 68, 75, etc.; Notae Tironianae on foll. 74v, 107, 110v, etc. Corrector's notes 'contuli ucumque' (sic) and 'emendaui utcumque' occur on foll. 44, 76.
","Written in Italy, presumably in the North, if the form of z used by the earliest seventh-century annotator may be taken as a guide. However, the punctuation by means of groups of dots, used by another early reader, points rather to South Italy. The MS was certainly in the hands of a South Italian reader by the tenth century, as is seen from the various marginal entries in Beneventan. It has been connected with Bobbio, but on no definite evidence. 'No. 85' in an eighteenth-century hand is seen in the upper left-hand corner of the opening page.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/743.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/743.jpg 744,448,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Half-Uncial",VIII²,751,800,3,406,"Written in North Italy, probably from a Spanish archetype, to judge from the contents of the MS, certain abbreviations, and the type of abbreviation-stroke.",,,,Canones.,Parchment,,,"TM 66510",,"foll. 12v and 43v",,,"Script in most of the MS is a North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule based on cursive, showing, except for the **t**, a superficial resemblance to Beneventan: **c** has often the broken form; the shoulder of **r** often rises above the line and extends over the next letter, a North Italian feature; the **ti** ligature is used for both the hard and soft sound. The half-uncial, which begins on fol. 40v, the second page of the sixth quire, and continues to fol. 51v, the eighth page of the seventh quire, is of a very late type verging on minuscule, the most striking features being the hair-like finials of descenders and the marked horizontal finials of tall letters; **ꝺ** retains the uncial form; **n** is minuscule. Uncial is used for an opening line.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/744,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/744,"Script in most of the MS is a North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule based on cursive, showing, except for the t, a superficial resemblance to Beneventan: c has often the broken form; the shoulder of r often rises above the line and extends over the next letter, a North Italian feature; the ti ligature is used for both the hard and soft sound. The half-uncial, which begins on fol. 40v, the second page of the sixth quire, and continues to fol. 51v, the eighth page of the seventh quire, is of a very late type verging on minuscule, the most striking features being the hair-like finials of descenders and the marked horizontal finials of tall letters; ꝺ retains the uncial form; n is minuscule. Uncial is used for an opening line.
","Written in North Italy, probably from a Spanish archetype, to judge from the contents of the MS, certain abbreviations, and the type of abbreviation-stroke.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/3/744.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/3/744.jpg 746,482,Uncial,V,401,500,4,**437,"Origin probably North Africa.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum (Vetus Latina) Evangelia purpurea.",Parchment,"Codex Palatinus. (e)",,"TM 66281",,"fol. 46 ",,,"Script is a bold, rather individual uncial of the oldest type (a more expert scribe using gold wrote the opening lines of John and Luke on foll. 44, 119): the bow of uncial **A** is long and tapering; the upper bow of **B** is merely suggested by a horizontal; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye mostly open; **F**, which has a tiny hasta, extends above and below the line and the tail of **𐌾** turns in, both letters recalling Rustic; the foot of **L** makes a right angle; uncial **M** is compressed and the first stroke is often straight; the bow of **P** and **R** is small; **II** resembles π and in a succession of minims the top serifs running together make reading difficult. On foll. 23 and 26 below a cross between the two columns are lection-marks in mixed uncial, repeated in the outer margin in North Italian cursive; similar liturgical notes in cursive on foll. 15v, 29, 31v, 102v.","☛CLA provenance ('Origin uncertain') changed to reflect CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Trento, Museo Castello del Buonconsiglio Cod. 1589. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1185. ☛See also (CLA [2.**17](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/430)).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/746,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/746,"Script is a bold, rather individual uncial of the oldest type (a more expert scribe using gold wrote the opening lines of John and Luke on foll. 44, 119): the bow of uncial A is long and tapering; the upper bow of B is merely suggested by a horizontal; the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye mostly open; F, which has a tiny hasta, extends above and below the line and the tail of 𐌾 turns in, both letters recalling Rustic; the foot of L makes a right angle; uncial M is compressed and the first stroke is often straight; the bow of P and R is small; II resembles π and in a succession of minims the top serifs running together make reading difficult. On foll. 23 and 26 below a cross between the two columns are lection-marks in mixed uncial, repeated in the outer margin in North Italian cursive; similar liturgical notes in cursive on foll. 15v, 29, 31v, 102v.
","Origin probably North Africa.
","☛CLA provenance ('Origin uncertain') changed to reflect CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Trento, Museo Castello del Buonconsiglio Cod. 1589. ☛Formerly Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 1185. ☛See also (CLA 2.**17).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/746.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/746.jpg 747,484,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,**44,"Origin uncertain, but probably Bobbio. The MS was No. 44 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The Vatican leaves were removed from Bobbio ca. 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). The six leaves once in Turin presumably remained at Bobbio till the suppression of the monastery in 1803. Kept for a time at the R. Accademia delle Scienze; then transferred to the Biblioteca Nazionale, where they were burnt in the fire of 1904.",1,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (3.18–4.10; 4.12–fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66140",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a rather compressed and irregular uncial of a late type with long ascenders and descenders : **i**-longa, often extending below as well as above the line, is used both initially and medially (In, huIus); suprascript **U** is frequent; the V-shaped **Y** occurs.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Cassianus] [palimpsest new].",,,,,52,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/747,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/747,"Script is a rather compressed and irregular uncial of a late type with long ascenders and descenders : i-longa, often extending below as well as above the line, is used both initially and medially (In, huIus); suprascript U is frequent; the V-shaped Y occurs.
","Origin uncertain, but probably Bobbio. The MS was No. 44 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. The Vatican leaves were removed from Bobbio ca. 1618 during the pontificate of Paul V (1605–21). The six leaves once in Turin presumably remained at Bobbio till the suppression of the monastery in 1803. Kept for a time at the R. Accademia delle Scienze; then transferred to the Biblioteca Nazionale, where they were burnt in the fire of 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Cassianus] [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/747.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/747.jpg 748,505,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,4,**458,"Written manifestly in a scriptorium of high calligraphic standards; the precise location is uncertain. The presumption in favour of Africa is based on the theory that Codex k is a pure representative of the African text of the Gospels. It was No. 47 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. Seen by Mabillon there in 1686. Rediscovered by A. Peyron in 1820 in the archives of the Ministry of Finance at Turin. The Milan leaves were opened out and cut down for use as front and back fly-leaves of a large MS of Cassiodorus in Psalmos saec. X, which was No. 51 in the inventory of 1461.",,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66155",,"fol. 5v ",,,"Script is a very expert, somewhat angular, uncial of the oldest type: **B** is tall; the tail of **G** is tiny; the first stroke of uncial **M** is straight. There is a general similarity to the script of Codex k of the Gospels, Turin G. VII. 15 (CLA [4.465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/748,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748,"Script is a very expert, somewhat angular, uncial of the oldest type: B is tall; the tail of G is tiny; the first stroke of uncial M is straight. There is a general similarity to the script of Codex k of the Gospels, Turin G. VII. 15 (CLA 4.465).
","Written manifestly in a scriptorium of high calligraphic standards; the precise location is uncertain. The presumption in favour of Africa is based on the theory that Codex k is a pure representative of the African text of the Gospels. It was No. 47 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461. Seen by Mabillon there in 1686. Rediscovered by A. Peyron in 1820 in the archives of the Ministry of Finance at Turin. The Milan leaves were opened out and cut down for use as front and back fly-leaves of a large MS of Cassiodorus in Psalmos saec. X, which was No. 51 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/748.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/748.jpg 749,485,b-Uncial,VII,601,700,4,**46,"Origin uncertain, probably France. Rewritten in the eighth century, apparently in Italy, to copy a text of Cassianus ([4.**44](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/747)). Belonged later to Bobbio. The Turin leaves were presumably removed after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. After their discovery by A. Peyron, they disappeared for many years. They came out of hiding again in the R. Accademia delle Scienze and were then transferred to the Biblioteca Nazionale, where they were destroyed by the fire of 1904.",3,,,"Codex Theodosianus (14.4.3–16.6.7).",Parchment,,,"TM 66142",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is rather heavy but regular uncial with half-uncial **b**: uncial **E** is stiff-backed, **q** open, **S** frequently top-heavy; suprascript **U** is comma-shaped. The ligature **NT** occurs even in mid-line.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2.",,,,7,54,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/749,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/749,"Script is rather heavy but regular uncial with half-uncial b: uncial E is stiff-backed, q open, S frequently top-heavy; suprascript U is comma-shaped. The ligature NT occurs even in mid-line.
","Origin uncertain, probably France. Rewritten in the eighth century, apparently in Italy, to copy a text of Cassianus (4.**44). Belonged later to Bobbio. The Turin leaves were presumably removed after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. After their discovery by A. Peyron, they disappeared for many years. They came out of hiding again in the R. Accademia delle Scienze and were then transferred to the Biblioteca Nazionale, where they were destroyed by the fire of 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/749.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/749.jpg 750,509,Quarter-Uncial,V,401,500,4,**462,"Written most likely in Italy. Later belonged to Bobbio, along with the Naples Sacerdos, with which it agrees in script and dimensions and with which it probably formed one volume (the Turin and Naples MSS of Probus, however, are distinct). Was dismembered and used for binding purposes: one leaf became fly-leaf of MS G. V. 4, containing Paulus Diaconus on the Rule of St Benedict (No. 21 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461), from which it was removed in the nineteenth century; next appeared in the R. Accademia delle Scienze; later reunited to G. V. 4, with which it perished in the fire of 1904. The fragments in the Biblioteca Reale, which were used to patch leaves of a monastic Breviary, have apparently gone astray; they could not be found in September, 1938.",3,,,"Probus, Catholica (fragm.); Claudius Sacerdos, Artes Grammaticae. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66501",,"Image from the recto of the complete leaf",,,"Script is a rapid, expert, almost cursive small half-uncial, known as quarter-uncial, of the same type as the Bobbio Probus and Sacerdos in Naples Lat. 2, foll. 76 ff. and 112 ff. (CLA [3.397a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/734) and [398](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/736)): **d** has the uncial form; the oblique stroke of **N** is almost horizontal; **u** is cup-shaped or a mere flourish when suprascript; **i** after **r** or **ꞇ** has the long form; the shafts of **b** and **l** have a tendency to bend back; **o** often inclines to the right, as in Milan, Ambros. G. 82 sup. (CLA [3.344a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/680)).","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale G.V.4 (fly-leaf). ☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 112–139). S1 pp. 353–4. ☛Contrary to what was stated in the main entry, only the fly-1eaf of MS. G. V. 4 perished in the fire of 1904. Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (1973) 9, no. 6.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/750,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/750,"Script is a rapid, expert, almost cursive small half-uncial, known as quarter-uncial, of the same type as the Bobbio Probus and Sacerdos in Naples Lat. 2, foll. 76 ff. and 112 ff. (CLA 3.397a and 398): d has the uncial form; the oblique stroke of N is almost horizontal; u is cup-shaped or a mere flourish when suprascript; i after r or ꞇ has the long form; the shafts of b and l have a tendency to bend back; o often inclines to the right, as in Milan, Ambros. G. 82 sup. (CLA 3.344a).
","Written most likely in Italy. Later belonged to Bobbio, along with the Naples Sacerdos, with which it agrees in script and dimensions and with which it probably formed one volume (the Turin and Naples MSS of Probus, however, are distinct). Was dismembered and used for binding purposes: one leaf became fly-leaf of MS G. V. 4, containing Paulus Diaconus on the Rule of St Benedict (No. 21 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461), from which it was removed in the nineteenth century; next appeared in the R. Accademia delle Scienze; later reunited to G. V. 4, with which it perished in the fire of 1904. The fragments in the Biblioteca Reale, which were used to patch leaves of a monastic Breviary, have apparently gone astray; they could not be found in September, 1938.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale G.V.4 (fly-leaf). ☛Formerly Vienna, Hofbibliothek 16 (foll. 112–139). S1 pp. 353–4. ☛Contrary to what was stated in the main entry, only the fly-1eaf of MS. G. V. 4 perished in the fire of 1904. Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (1973) 9, no. 6.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/750.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/750.jpg 751,449,Uncial,VI²,551,600,4,407,"Written doubtless in Italy. Became known to biblical scholars through Bianchini. The MS was in a pitiful condition until it was repaired at the Vatican in 1910. It is now preserved as a treasure in the Museum of the Cathedral. A complete transcript made about 1819 is kept beside the original.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66511",,"fol. 41v ",,,"Script is an excellent calligraphic uncial but not of the oldest type. Manifestly a manuscript de luxe. ","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 100.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/751,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/751,"Script is an excellent calligraphic uncial but not of the oldest type. Manifestly a manuscript de luxe.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Became known to biblical scholars through Bianchini. The MS was in a pitiful condition until it was repaired at the Vatican in 1910. It is now preserved as a treasure in the Museum of the Cathedral. A complete transcript made about 1819 is kept beside the original.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 100.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/751.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/751.jpg 752,450,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,4,408,"Origin uncertain. The presumption is that the MS is a product of Central Italy. It was used liturgically, as the musical notation in the lesson of the Passion shows.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,,,"TM 66512",,"fol. 39v ",,,"Script is a minuscule with occasional admixture of uncial and cursive elements; Caroline **a** is the rule and is often delta-shaped, as in the uncial MS Vatic. Lat. 7809 (CLA [1.55](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/63)); **a** occurs after **r**; both **ꝺ** and **d** are used; ligatures include **en**, **ra**, **re**, and **ri**; the scribe drops into uncial occasionally and uses uncial letters in the midst of minuscule, probably because his exemplar was uncial. The MS has suffered much from damp at the edges.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/752,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/752,"Script is a minuscule with occasional admixture of uncial and cursive elements; Caroline a is the rule and is often delta-shaped, as in the uncial MS Vatic. Lat. 7809 (CLA 1.55); a occurs after r; both ꝺ and d are used; ligatures include en, ra, re, and ri; the scribe drops into uncial occasionally and uses uncial letters in the midst of minuscule, probably because his exemplar was uncial. The MS has suffered much from damp at the edges.
","Origin uncertain. The presumption is that the MS is a product of Central Italy. It was used liturgically, as the musical notation in the lesson of the Passion shows.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/752.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/752.jpg 753,451,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,4,409,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the twelfth century with a philosophical text.",0,,,"Fragmentum Biblicum seu Patristicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66513",,"Image apparently from the recto",,,"Script seems to be half-uncial: the uncial form of **G** is the rule. In the twelfth century the fragment was folded and used for the writing of 'Glose predicamentorum', but part of it has been left blank.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/753,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/753,"Script seems to be half-uncial: the uncial form of G is the rule. In the twelfth century the fragment was folded and used for the writing of 'Glose predicamentorum', but part of it has been left blank.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the twelfth century with a philosophical text.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/753.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/753.jpg 754,452,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,4,410a,"Written presumably at Ravenna. In the upper margin of fol. 48 the name 'apolenaris' can be read: it is in seventh-century cursive, entered with a stylus, and refers, no doubt, to St Apollinaris of Ravenna. The MS is at present preserved in the Vatican Library.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Fide, De Spiritu Sancto, De Dominicae Incarnationis Mysterio (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66514",,"fol. 46 ",,,"Script is a graceful, expert half-uncial of the older type: the bow of **a** is closed; **g** has the uncial form; there is a tendency to use **i**-longa initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; **e** with cedilla occurs for **ae**; **fi**, **li**, **ti** tend to be ligatured. Marginalia occur in seventh-century uncial (with omitted **m** marked by **÷**), and here and there in half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/754,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754,"Script is a graceful, expert half-uncial of the older type: the bow of a is closed; g has the uncial form; there is a tendency to use i-longa initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; e with cedilla occurs for ae; fi, li, ti tend to be ligatured. Marginalia occur in seventh-century uncial (with omitted m marked by ÷), and here and there in half-uncial.
","Written presumably at Ravenna. In the upper margin of fol. 48 the name 'apolenaris' can be read: it is in seventh-century cursive, entered with a stylus, and refers, no doubt, to St Apollinaris of Ravenna. The MS is at present preserved in the Vatican Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/754.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/754.jpg 755,453,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,4,410b,"Written doubtless in the same centre as the main MS. Preserved at present in the Vatican Library.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Dominicae Incarnationis Mysterio (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66515",,"fol. 136v ",,,"Script is a half-uncial similar to that of the main MS, but less expert and of somewhat later date: **a** and **Ᵹ** have normally the half-uncial forms (with the **Ᵹ** resting curiously on the line), but their uncial forms are not infrequent; here and there even uncial **ꝺ** occurs; **ꞅ** often descends below the line; occasionally **i** has the long form initially and when following letter **t**. On fol. 139v is an entry in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/755,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755,"Script is a half-uncial similar to that of the main MS, but less expert and of somewhat later date: a and Ᵹ have normally the half-uncial forms (with the Ᵹ resting curiously on the line), but their uncial forms are not infrequent; here and there even uncial ꝺ occurs; ꞅ often descends below the line; occasionally i has the long form initially and when following letter t. On fol. 139v is an entry in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII.
","Written doubtless in the same centre as the main MS. Preserved at present in the Vatican Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/755.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/755.jpg 756,454,Uncial,VI,501,600,4,411,"Origin uncertain. The presumption is that the MS was written at Ravenna.",1,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Apc 6.2–15, Act 16–21, Io 3-4, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66516",,"Acts XVII. 32-34, XVIII. 3-6",,,"Script is a very calligraphic round uncial, with the axis of **O** tending to be upright: the bow of **A** is thin and tapers at both ends; **ꝺ** is generally open; the hasta of **E** is central and very thin; the tail of **G** is a fine hair line; the oblique stroke of **N** is thick; the bows of **h**, **P**, and **q** are ample.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/756,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/756,"Script is a very calligraphic round uncial, with the axis of O tending to be upright: the bow of A is thin and tapers at both ends; ꝺ is generally open; the hasta of E is central and very thin; the tail of G is a fine hair line; the oblique stroke of N is thick; the bows of h, P, and q are ample.
","Origin uncertain. The presumption is that the MS was written at Ravenna.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/756.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/756.jpg 757,455,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,412,"Origin uncertain. Presumably the MS was written in the centre which still preserves it.",1,,,"Passio SS Martyrum Agapii, Secundini et Soc. (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66517",,"recto is shown",,,"Script is a firm but not very expert half-uncial resembling in some features the half-uncial of the Ravenna Ambrosias (CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754)): **A** and **M** have the uncial forms, and the bow of **A** is lifted; **f** resembles a sheathed sword; **Ᵹ** rests curiously on the line; the first upright of **N** descends below the line; the left end of the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** curves upward.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/757,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/757,"Script is a firm but not very expert half-uncial resembling in some features the half-uncial of the Ravenna Ambrosias (CLA 4.410a): A and M have the uncial forms, and the bow of A is lifted; f resembles a sheathed sword; Ᵹ rests curiously on the line; the first upright of N descends below the line; the left end of the cross-stroke of ꞇ curves upward.
","Origin uncertain. Presumably the MS was written in the centre which still preserves it.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/757.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/757.jpg 758,456,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,413,"Written in Italy, and probably in the region where it is still preserved.",3,,,"Ascetica; Vitae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66518",,"foll. 5v-6 ",,,"Script, apparently by several hands, is of a late type, ungainly and uncalligraphic: the tail of **𐌾** sweeps down awkwardly; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/758,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/758,"Script, apparently by several hands, is of a late type, ungainly and uncalligraphic: the tail of 𐌾 sweeps down awkwardly; LL run together.
","Written in Italy, and probably in the region where it is still preserved.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/758.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/758.jpg 759,457,"Early Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,4,414,"Written quite probably at Ravenna. The leaves are at present preserved in the Vatican Library.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Dn 6.4–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66519",,"Image from a middle bifolium showing Dan. VI. 12-14",,,"Script is an early attempt at minuscule, some letters showing the massive strokes of half-uncial: **d** has regularly the uncial form; the back of **e** has a tiny tag; the ligature of **et** is frequent.","☛Formerly Ravenna, Museo Arcivescovile without number.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/759,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/759,"Script is an early attempt at minuscule, some letters showing the massive strokes of half-uncial: d has regularly the uncial form; the back of e has a tiny tag; the ligature of et is frequent.
","Written quite probably at Ravenna. The leaves are at present preserved in the Vatican Library.
","☛Formerly Ravenna, Museo Arcivescovile without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/759.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/759.jpg 760,458,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,415,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script and the character of the liturgical text. The superimposed medical text is associated with a monk of Monte Cassino and its script is a type of ordinary minuscule found in Monte Cassino MSS. The manuscript belonged to Cardinal Domenico Passionei (†1761).",3,,,Sacramentarium.,Parchment,,,"TM 66520",,"foll. 8 and 32v",,,"Script is a rather awkward early Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures, especially with **ꞇ** and with **i**, as in Beneventan; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped; **c** is often broken-backed; **d** has the uncial form; **i**-longa is used initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound. A marginal addition occurs on fol. 8, but is hardly legible.","☛Formerly Rome, Biblioteca Angelica T 6.22.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/760,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/760,"Script is a rather awkward early Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures, especially with ꞇ and with i, as in Beneventan; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped; c is often broken-backed; d has the uncial form; i-longa is used initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound. A marginal addition occurs on fol. 8, but is hardly legible.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by the script and the character of the liturgical text. The superimposed medical text is associated with a monk of Monte Cassino and its script is a type of ordinary minuscule found in Monte Cassino MSS. The manuscript belonged to Cardinal Domenico Passionei (†1761).
","☛Formerly Rome, Biblioteca Angelica T 6.22.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/760.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/760.jpg 761,459,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,4,416,"Written in Italy. According to entries on the fly-leaf the MS belonged to Franciscus Trevisanus, Bishop of Verona (†1732), who presented it to the Dominican Pope Benedict XIII, who in turn donated it to the Dominican Library of the Minerva (now the Casanatense) on the '10 Kal. Nov. 1728'. Two transcripts, one made at Verona '20 April, 1728', by Bartholomaeus Campagnola, Presbiter, the other by Hyacinthus De Ferrari, O.P., Prefect of the Casanatense, are kept with the MS.",3,,,"Canones Apostolorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66521",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a not very calligraphic uncial of a late type: the third stroke of **N** is often comma-like, **S** is top-heavy; **FF** and **LL** run together. A number of corrections in ordinary minuscule occur in the margins and between lines. The blank space of the last page was used for copying in ordinary minuscule, saec. X, an excerpt concerning Septuagesima ascribed to Bede.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/761,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/761,"Script is a not very calligraphic uncial of a late type: the third stroke of N is often comma-like, S is top-heavy; FF and LL run together. A number of corrections in ordinary minuscule occur in the margins and between lines. The blank space of the last page was used for copying in ordinary minuscule, saec. X, an excerpt concerning Septuagesima ascribed to Bede.
","Written in Italy. According to entries on the fly-leaf the MS belonged to Franciscus Trevisanus, Bishop of Verona (†1732), who presented it to the Dominican Pope Benedict XIII, who in turn donated it to the Dominican Library of the Minerva (now the Casanatense) on the '10 Kal. Nov. 1728'. Two transcripts, one made at Verona '20 April, 1728', by Bartholomaeus Campagnola, Presbiter, the other by Hyacinthus De Ferrari, O.P., Prefect of the Casanatense, are kept with the MS.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/761.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/761.jpg 762,460,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII–IX (ante 814)",701,813,4,417,"Written presumably at Lyon. Presented to the Cathedral by Archbishop Leidrat who resigned in 814 and died in 816. His autograph inscription on fol. 1v reads: 'leidrat licet indignus tamen episcopus istum librum tradidi ad altare sancti stephani'; it is also found in [Paris Lat. 152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878) and Lyon [599 (515)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1192), 608 (524), and 610 (526). Corrections in his hand occur in this MS as well as in [Munich 6305](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759) from Freising, Leidrat's home.",,,,"Porphyrius, Isagoge; Aristoteles, Categoriae; Apuleius; Boethius, Commentarii in Aristotelem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66522",,"foll. 1v and 39",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by two scribes: **a** has two forms, open **a** being more common; the ligatures **mi**, **ni** occur; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft sounds. The occasional corrections and marginal notes on foll. 61, 74v, 75, and 76 may be in the hand of Florus Diaconus.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/762,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/762,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by two scribes: a has two forms, open a being more common; the ligatures mi, ni occur; ti ligature is used for hard and soft sounds. The occasional corrections and marginal notes on foll. 61, 74v, 75, and 76 may be in the hand of Florus Diaconus.
","Written presumably at Lyon. Presented to the Cathedral by Archbishop Leidrat who resigned in 814 and died in 816. His autograph inscription on fol. 1v reads: 'leidrat licet indignus tamen episcopus istum librum tradidi ad altare sancti stephani'; it is also found in Paris Lat. 152 and Lyon 599 (515), 608 (524), and 610 (526). Corrections in his hand occur in this MS as well as in Munich 6305 from Freising, Leidrat's home.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/762.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/762.jpg 763,461,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,4,418,"Written in Italy in a centre with high standards of book craftsmanship. Collated with another MS about the tenth century when the missing quire was noted: 'hic min' est un' quatnio' (fol. l56av). The marginal entry 'hic loquitur' on fol. 9v recalls Nonantola minuscule saec. IX–X.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Genesi ad Litteram.",Parchment,,,"TM 66523",,"fol. 182 ",,,"Script is an expert calligraphic uncial in very good tradition: the bow of uncial **A** is small and roundish; the shallow bows of **B** and **R** do not touch the mid-point of the upright; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **𐌾** is long and occasionally has a tag to the right; the top of **T** is small. Marginal rubrics and appreciative remarks by a contemporary reader are seen on foll. 9v ('mire', retraced saec. IX), 12v, 14, 16v, 17v, 32; on fol. 42v the script is cursive half-uncial saec. VI; also numerous marginal entries in minuscule saec. IX or X; the chrismon opposite noteworthy passages occurs passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/763,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/763,"Script is an expert calligraphic uncial in very good tradition: the bow of uncial A is small and roundish; the shallow bows of B and R do not touch the mid-point of the upright; the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of 𐌾 is long and occasionally has a tag to the right; the top of T is small. Marginal rubrics and appreciative remarks by a contemporary reader are seen on foll. 9v ('mire', retraced saec. IX), 12v, 14, 16v, 17v, 32; on fol. 42v the script is cursive half-uncial saec. VI; also numerous marginal entries in minuscule saec. IX or X; the chrismon opposite noteworthy passages occurs passim.
","Written in Italy in a centre with high standards of book craftsmanship. Collated with another MS about the tenth century when the missing quire was noted: 'hic min' est un' quatnio' (fol. l56av). The marginal entry 'hic loquitur' on fol. 9v recalls Nonantola minuscule saec. IX–X.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/763.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/763.jpg 764,462,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,419,"Written in Italy and most likely in the North, to judge by the script. The MS was apparently read and punctuated by a Beneventan corrector. Some parts of the miscellany come from Nonantola, and the same presumably is true of the uncial part.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (18–19, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66524",,"fol. 87 ",,,"Script is a bold but rather undisciplined uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is often raised above the base-line; the second upright of **N** is markedly comma-shaped; the final stroke of **R** is low; the top of **T** is yoke-shaped; **LL** run together; **i**-longa occurs initially. A contemporary correction in uncial is seen on fol. 85v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/764,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/764,"Script is a bold but rather undisciplined uncial: the bow of uncial A is often raised above the base-line; the second upright of N is markedly comma-shaped; the final stroke of R is low; the top of T is yoke-shaped; LL run together; i-longa occurs initially. A contemporary correction in uncial is seen on fol. 85v.
","Written in Italy and most likely in the North, to judge by the script. The MS was apparently read and punctuated by a Beneventan corrector. Some parts of the miscellany come from Nonantola, and the same presumably is true of the uncial part.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/764.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/764.jpg 765,463,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,4,420a,"Written most likely in North Italy, to judge by script of text and marginalia. Restored apparently at Nonantola saec. VIII–IX.",,,,"Augustinus, Confessiones; Cassianus, Collationes; Ambrosius, Homiliae; Maximus Taurinensis, Sermones; Rufinus, trans. Basilius Caesariensis, Homiliae Morales (3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66525",,"fol. 42v ",,,"Script is a small half-uncial by very expert scribes; the eye of **e** is often open; the hasta of **F** is high; **N** resembles M, the second stroke being high and sagging; **i**-longa occurs initially and after **r**; suprascript **u** frequent; **z** descends far below the line; descenders turn upward to the right. Blank spaces at the end of quires were filled in by contemporary hands. Early or contemporary marginalia in expert cursive are seen on many pages (foll. 29, 33v, 39v, 179, 182 et passim) with **d** (with stroke through the end of the shaft), **ēē**, **qᷤ**, **qᷝ** for 'de, esse, qua, qui'. Notae Tironianae on foll. 101v; 102v, 109v, &c. Neumes on fol. 121 seem saec. XI.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/765,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/765,"Script is a small half-uncial by very expert scribes; the eye of e is often open; the hasta of F is high; N resembles M, the second stroke being high and sagging; i-longa occurs initially and after r; suprascript u frequent; z descends far below the line; descenders turn upward to the right. Blank spaces at the end of quires were filled in by contemporary hands. Early or contemporary marginalia in expert cursive are seen on many pages (foll. 29, 33v, 39v, 179, 182 et passim) with d (with stroke through the end of the shaft), ēē, qᷤ, qᷝ for 'de, esse, qua, qui'. Notae Tironianae on foll. 101v; 102v, 109v, &c. Neumes on fol. 121 seem saec. XI.
","Written most likely in North Italy, to judge by script of text and marginalia. Restored apparently at Nonantola saec. VIII–IX.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/765.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/765.jpg 766,465,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,420b,"Written presumably in Nonantola.",,,,"Augustinus, Confessiones (12.15–23).",Parchment,,,"TM 66527",,"fol. 69 ",,,"Script is an early Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with many ligatures: **ti** ligature is used for both hard and soft ti.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/766,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/766,"Script is an early Italian pre-Caroline minuscule with many ligatures: ti ligature is used for both hard and soft ti.
","Written presumably in Nonantola.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/766.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/766.jpg 767,464,Uncial,V,401,500,4,421,"Origin uncertain, most likely Italy.",3,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (23.51–55, 82–87, 25.11–46 passim).",Parchment,,,"TM 66526",,"fol. 175 ",,,"Script is an excellent uncial of the best type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **𐌾** is rudimentary; the bows of **P** and **R** are small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/767,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/767,"Script is an excellent uncial of the best type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of 𐌾 is rudimentary; the bows of P and R are small.
","Origin uncertain, most likely Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/767.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/767.jpg 768,466,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,422,"Written presumably in Central Italy, perhaps at Nonantola. Palaeographically connected with other Sessoriani: the type of decoration recalls Sessor. 94 (CLA [4.425](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771)); the table of contents entered on fol. 1, originally blank, is by the familiar Nonantola hand seen in several other Codices Sessoriani (cf. CLA [4.423](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/769), [425](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771)). The ex-libris of the Cistercians of Santa Croce in Gerusalernme is seen on foll. 1–2.",2,,,"Ps- Augustinus, Speculum; Cyprianus, Testimonia ad Quirinum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66528",,"foll. 112v and 154v",,,"Script is a rather hurried, not inexpert uncial of a late type: **B** has a protruding lower bow; the tail of **𐌾** turns up to the right; the second upright of **N** is often comma-like and meets the oblique stroke above the base-line; the bow of **R** descends almost to the line; uncial **E** with the cedilla is used for **AE**; **FF** and **LL** run together; half-uncial letters occur here and there at line-ends. On fol. 112v the scribe drops into minuscule in order to finish the first part of the MS on that page.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/768,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/768,"Script is a rather hurried, not inexpert uncial of a late type: B has a protruding lower bow; the tail of 𐌾 turns up to the right; the second upright of N is often comma-like and meets the oblique stroke above the base-line; the bow of R descends almost to the line; uncial E with the cedilla is used for AE; FF and LL run together; half-uncial letters occur here and there at line-ends. On fol. 112v the scribe drops into minuscule in order to finish the first part of the MS on that page.
","Written presumably in Central Italy, perhaps at Nonantola. Palaeographically connected with other Sessoriani: the type of decoration recalls Sessor. 94 (CLA 4.425); the table of contents entered on fol. 1, originally blank, is by the familiar Nonantola hand seen in several other Codices Sessoriani (cf. CLA 4.423, 425). The ex-libris of the Cistercians of Santa Croce in Gerusalernme is seen on foll. 1–2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/768.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/768.jpg 769,467,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,4,423,"Written doubtless in North Italy. Was at Nonantola by the ninth century: on fol. 1, originally left blank, a ninth-century librarian entered the contents of the MS ('in hoc uolumine continentur', etc.) followed by the note, written in red ink: 'Hic codex adquisitus est per dōm anselmū abb. et est de primo armario'. Abbott Anselm died in 803. The index with which the MS opens has 13 items: 11 of these (3–13) occur, in precisely the same order, in Fulda Bonifatianus 2, saec. VIII.",2,,,"Eucherius, Formulae Spirituales, Instructiones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66529",,"fol. 3v ",,,"Script is an uncial of the later type: the bow of uncial **A** is a small, narrow oval resting low, often just above the base-line; **B** has a protruding lower bow; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the second upright of **N** is often comma-like; **U** and **X** have a different shape when used as numerals; **Z** is strikingly broad. Some marginalia in uncial (fol. 94v) and half-uncial (fol. 96); an interlinear addition in early Nonantola script (fol. 60v); later corrections passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/769,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/769,"Script is an uncial of the later type: the bow of uncial A is a small, narrow oval resting low, often just above the base-line; B has a protruding lower bow; the hasta of uncial E is high; the second upright of N is often comma-like; U and X have a different shape when used as numerals; Z is strikingly broad. Some marginalia in uncial (fol. 94v) and half-uncial (fol. 96); an interlinear addition in early Nonantola script (fol. 60v); later corrections passim.
","Written doubtless in North Italy. Was at Nonantola by the ninth century: on fol. 1, originally left blank, a ninth-century librarian entered the contents of the MS ('in hoc uolumine continentur', etc.) followed by the note, written in red ink: 'Hic codex adquisitus est per dōm anselmū abb. et est de primo armario'. Abbott Anselm died in 803. The index with which the MS opens has 13 items: 11 of these (3–13) occur, in precisely the same order, in Fulda Bonifatianus 2, saec. VIII.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/769.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/769.jpg 770,468,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,4,424,"Written presumably in North Italy.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 79.2–18).",Parchment,,,"TM 66530",,"fol. 113 ",,,"Script is a fairly regular uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is round and small; the two bows of uncial **M** are closed; the bow of **R** tends to be low; **S** is top-heavy; the cedilla under uncial **E** is curiously wing-shaped.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/770,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/770,"Script is a fairly regular uncial: the bow of uncial A is round and small; the two bows of uncial M are closed; the bow of R tends to be low; S is top-heavy; the cedilla under uncial E is curiously wing-shaped.
","Written presumably in North Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/770.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/770.jpg 771,469,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,425,"Written probably at Nonantola. The later history of the MS is certainly connected with that monastery: in the upper margin of the opening page (fol. 1) a familiar Nonantola hand (saec. IX) entered the table of contents: 'in hoc co continentur', etc. (see CLA [4.423](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/769)). Part of a Nonantola charter containing the signature of Abbot Rodolfus (1002–1035) serves as the front fly-leaf.",1,,,"Johannes Chrysostomus, Commentarius in Evangelia (Mc), De Reparatione Lapsi; Ps- Johannes Chrysostomus, Treatise on the Gospel of Matthew. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66531",,"fol. 33 ",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline North Italian minuscule with many ligatures, not unlike Beneventan; several hands worked on the MS: **ti** ligature is used indifferently for soft and hard ti; **i**-longa is regular; the broken **c** is common; **ꝺ** is uncial with a long shaft. Numerous marginalia in Nonantola hands.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/771,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771,"Script is a pre-Caroline North Italian minuscule with many ligatures, not unlike Beneventan; several hands worked on the MS: ti ligature is used indifferently for soft and hard ti; i-longa is regular; the broken c is common; ꝺ is uncial with a long shaft. Numerous marginalia in Nonantola hands.
","Written probably at Nonantola. The later history of the MS is certainly connected with that monastery: in the upper margin of the opening page (fol. 1) a familiar Nonantola hand (saec. IX) entered the table of contents: 'in hoc co continentur', etc. (see CLA 4.423). Part of a Nonantola charter containing the signature of Abbot Rodolfus (1002–1035) serves as the front fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/771.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/771.jpg 772,470,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,4,426,"Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge by script and abbreviations. The use of MĀM for 'misericordiam' and the peculiar form of **Z** suggest Verona, but these may be North Italian features and not strictly Veronese. The Insular symbol for 'autem’ suggests Bobbio, but its use, too, may have been known to other centres. The Santa Croce ex-libris is seen on first and last pages (Cistercian library stamp).",2,,,"Hieronymus, Adversus Iovinianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66532",,"foll. 82v and 93",,,"Script is a late type of uncial, by several hands, of a distinctly North Italian variety: the tail of **𐌾** has a tag to the right; the second upright of **N** is comma-like and often strikes the oblique line above the base; the bow of **R** is low and mostly open; the top of **T** has a downward finial on the left side; **Z** has a peculiar shape like an open Q (found also in Verona 62, CLA [4.512](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/864)); two successive **C**'s sometimes have the cursive form like a recumbent 8; **LL** and **FF** are usually kept separate; uncial **E** with the cedilla is often used for **AE**. Corrections in cursive minuscule of North Italian type saec. VIII–IX.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/772,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/772,"Script is a late type of uncial, by several hands, of a distinctly North Italian variety: the tail of 𐌾 has a tag to the right; the second upright of N is comma-like and often strikes the oblique line above the base; the bow of R is low and mostly open; the top of T has a downward finial on the left side; Z has a peculiar shape like an open Q (found also in Verona 62, CLA 4.512); two successive C's sometimes have the cursive form like a recumbent 8; LL and FF are usually kept separate; uncial E with the cedilla is often used for AE. Corrections in cursive minuscule of North Italian type saec. VIII–IX.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge by script and abbreviations. The use of MĀM for 'misericordiam' and the peculiar form of Z suggest Verona, but these may be North Italian features and not strictly Veronese. The Insular symbol for 'autem’ suggests Bobbio, but its use, too, may have been known to other centres. The Santa Croce ex-libris is seen on first and last pages (Cistercian library stamp).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/772.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/772.jpg 773,471,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,427,"Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. The MS was certainly at Nonantola by the ninth century, to judge by additions on foll. 366v–367. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period and later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12,263. Entered Mr A. Chester Beatty's collection in 1924, where it bore the number 6. Acquired by the Italian government in 1932.",1,,,"Eugippius, Excerpta ex Operibus Augustini.",Parchment,,,"TM 66533",,"fol. 253v",,,"Script is a somewhat careless, not very expert, North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule similar to that of Sessor. 94 and Vittor. Eman. 1006 (CLA [4.425](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771) and [428](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/774)): **c** is often broken; **ꝺ** is uncial; frequent ligatures with **i** and with **ꞇ** as in Beneventan; the two forms of **ti** are used indifferently for the hard and the soft sound.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12263; formerly Dublin, Chester Beatty Library 6.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/773,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/773,"Script is a somewhat careless, not very expert, North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule similar to that of Sessor. 94 and Vittor. Eman. 1006 (CLA 4.425 and 428): c is often broken; ꝺ is uncial; frequent ligatures with i and with ꞇ as in Beneventan; the two forms of ti are used indifferently for the hard and the soft sound.
","Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. The MS was certainly at Nonantola by the ninth century, to judge by additions on foll. 366v–367. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period and later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12,263. Entered Mr A. Chester Beatty's collection in 1924, where it bore the number 6. Acquired by the Italian government in 1932.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12263; formerly Dublin, Chester Beatty Library 6.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/773.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/773.jpg 774,472,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,428,"Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. The MS was certainly there by the ninth century, to judge by the added portion. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period, and later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12,260. Entered Mr A. Chester Beatty's collection in 1924, in whose catalogue it bore the number 4. Acquired by the Italian government in 1932.",,,,"Datianus, Epistula; Fulgentius Ruspensis, Epistulae (15–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 66534",,"fol. 125 ",,,"Script is a not very calligraphic North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule, similar to that of Sessor. 94 and Sessor. 590 (CLA [4.425](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771), [427](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/773)): **c** is often broken; **ꝺ** has the uncial form; frequent ligatures with **i** and with **t**; **ti** ligature is used indifferently for both hard and soft ti.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12260; formerly Dublin, Chester Beatty Library 4.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/774,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/774,"Script is a not very calligraphic North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule, similar to that of Sessor. 94 and Sessor. 590 (CLA 4.425, 427): c is often broken; ꝺ has the uncial form; frequent ligatures with i and with t; ti ligature is used indifferently for both hard and soft ti.
","Written in Italy, probably at Nonantola. The MS was certainly there by the ninth century, to judge by the added portion. Migrated to Santa Croce, Rome, in the seventeenth century. Stolen during the Napoleonic period, and later acquired by Sir Thomas Phillipps, in whose library at Cheltenham it had the number 12,260. Entered Mr A. Chester Beatty's collection in 1924, in whose catalogue it bore the number 4. Acquired by the Italian government in 1932.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 12260; formerly Dublin, Chester Beatty Library 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/774.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/774.jpg 775,473,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,4,429,"Written in Italy, presumably in the South, where it was certainly read and used liturgically, to judge by the ductus of certain marginal lection notes and the typically Beneventan punctuation.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66535",,"fol. 141v ",,,"Script is a late uncial: the bow of **A** is low and curiously shrunk; the second upright of **N** is wedge-shaped; the top of **T** forks at both ends; **FF** and **LL** run together. On foll. 10, 53v, 54, and 142 occur liturgical entries in a sprawling hand saec. X and the name 'Iohannis supdiaconus'. Liturgical notes are found passim: those on foll. 78v, 141v, top margin, betray Beneventan penmanship saec. X or XI.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/775,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/775,"Script is a late uncial: the bow of A is low and curiously shrunk; the second upright of N is wedge-shaped; the top of T forks at both ends; FF and LL run together. On foll. 10, 53v, 54, and 142 occur liturgical entries in a sprawling hand saec. X and the name 'Iohannis supdiaconus'. Liturgical notes are found passim: those on foll. 78v, 141v, top margin, betray Beneventan penmanship saec. X or XI.
","Written in Italy, presumably in the South, where it was certainly read and used liturgically, to judge by the ductus of certain marginal lection notes and the typically Beneventan punctuation.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/775.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/775.jpg 776,474,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,4,430,"Written in Italy. The volume was presented to St Laurence by Iuuenianus, the sub-deacon. It was apparently used in or near the Beneventan zone, to judge by the added punctuation.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia & Epistulae catholicae. (Vulgata, Lc, Act, Iac, 1–2 Pt, 1–3 Io, Iud, Apc); Beda, In Apocalypsim (1).",Parchment,"Codex Iuvenianus. Codex Vallicellianus. (I)",,"TM 66536",,"fol. 87v ",,,"Script is a late, somewhat artificial uncial: the tail of **𐌾** is long and vertical; the first bow of uncial **M** is closed; the top of **T** has a downward finial at either end; uncial **E** with cedilla is regularly used for the ligature **AE**; **FF** and **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/776,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/776,"Script is a late, somewhat artificial uncial: the tail of 𐌾 is long and vertical; the first bow of uncial M is closed; the top of T has a downward finial at either end; uncial E with cedilla is regularly used for the ligature AE; FF and LL run together.
","Written in Italy. The volume was presented to St Laurence by Iuuenianus, the sub-deacon. It was apparently used in or near the Beneventan zone, to judge by the added punctuation.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/776.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/776.jpg 777,475,Uncial,VII,601,700,4,431,"Written probably in South Italy, since the MS presumably has the same history as Vatic. Ottobon. Lat. 319 and Monte Cassino 271 (CLA [1.67](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/77) and [3.375](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/714)). The MS has recently been repaired and rebound in the monastery of Grottaferrata.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (66–70, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66537",,"fol. 19v ",,,"Script is an uncial of the later type: the bow of **A** is occasionally high. Marginal lection marks in rough uncial and in contemporary cursive (cf. foll. 7v, 11v, 19v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/777,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/777,"Script is an uncial of the later type: the bow of A is occasionally high. Marginal lection marks in rough uncial and in contemporary cursive (cf. foll. 7v, 11v, 19v).
","Written probably in South Italy, since the MS presumably has the same history as Vatic. Ottobon. Lat. 319 and Monte Cassino 271 (CLA 1.67 and 3.375). The MS has recently been repaired and rebound in the monastery of Grottaferrata.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/777.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/777.jpg 778,476,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,4,432,"Written probably in North Italy or Spain, to judge by script and abbreviation stroke. This leaf may be a fragment of the exemplar from which a set of uncial MSS of St Augustine were copied, which included Vallicell. B. 38 II, [Vatic. Ottobon. Lat. 319](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/77) and [Monte Cassino 271](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/714).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (68, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66538",,"fol. 107 ",,,"Script is a good natural half-uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of **Ᵹ** is bold; the bar of **f** and the middle stroke of **N** are high. Expert, contemporary marginalia in small half-uncial with uncial **A**.","☛CLA provenance (North Italy or Spain) and date (VI–VII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/778,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/778,"Script is a good natural half-uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of Ᵹ is bold; the bar of f and the middle stroke of N are high. Expert, contemporary marginalia in small half-uncial with uncial A.
","Written probably in North Italy or Spain, to judge by script and abbreviation stroke. This leaf may be a fragment of the exemplar from which a set of uncial MSS of St Augustine were copied, which included Vallicell. B. 38 II, Vatic. Ottobon. Lat. 319 and Monte Cassino 271.
","☛CLA provenance (North Italy or Spain) and date (VI–VII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/778.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/778.jpg 779,477,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,4,433,"Written north of the Alps in a fine centre of calligraphy with traditions of book-making and decoration similar to those in vogue in the schools which produced the Missale Francorum, Sacramentarium Gelasianum, Missale Gothicum in uncial (CLA [1.103](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115), [105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118), [106](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119)) and several MSS in early French minuscule (CLA [2.174](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489), [202b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/520)). It is highly probable that the BASINUS in the acrostic poem on foll. 214v–215v refers to the Bishop of Trèves of that name (671–695).",,,,"Iustus Urgellensis, In Cantica Canticorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66539",,"From foll. 162v and the opening, foll. 210v-211",,,"Script is a very neat, careful uncial of the latest type: V-shaped **U** is frequently suprascript; **LL** run together. Minuscule letters are occasionally used at line-ends (foll. 154v, 196v). A minuscule entry saec. VIII–IX on fol. 8v, originally blank.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/779,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/779,"Script is a very neat, careful uncial of the latest type: V-shaped U is frequently suprascript; LL run together. Minuscule letters are occasionally used at line-ends (foll. 154v, 196v). A minuscule entry saec. VIII–IX on fol. 8v, originally blank.
","Written north of the Alps in a fine centre of calligraphy with traditions of book-making and decoration similar to those in vogue in the schools which produced the Missale Francorum, Sacramentarium Gelasianum, Missale Gothicum in uncial (CLA 1.103, 105, 106) and several MSS in early French minuscule (CLA 2.174, 202b). It is highly probable that the BASINUS in the acrostic poem on foll. 214v–215v refers to the Bishop of Trèves of that name (671–695).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/779.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/779.jpg 780,478,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,434,"Origin uncertain: the barred abbreviation-stroke over Nomina Sacra and the form of letter uncial **A** suggest central or northern Italy; on the other hand, the use of capital **Q** in an otherwise consistent uncial alphabet points to France.",0,,,"Acta SS Claudii, Maximi et Sociorum; Anastasiae Martyris.",Parchment,,,"TM 66540",,"From the foot of the opening, foll. 16v-17",,,"Script is a bold, heavily shaded uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** is often like a thin pendant oval; the two bows of **B** do not touch; the tail of **𐌾** is long and thin; the second bow of **M** is higher than the first; the bow of **P** is low and full and inclines to the left; most noteworthy of all is the regular use of capital **Q** for uncial **q** as in the Hamilton Gospels in the Pierpont Morgan Library.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/780,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/780,"Script is a bold, heavily shaded uncial of a late type: the bow of A is often like a thin pendant oval; the two bows of B do not touch; the tail of 𐌾 is long and thin; the second bow of M is higher than the first; the bow of P is low and full and inclines to the left; most noteworthy of all is the regular use of capital Q for uncial q as in the Hamilton Gospels in the Pierpont Morgan Library.
","Origin uncertain: the barred abbreviation-stroke over Nomina Sacra and the form of letter uncial A suggest central or northern Italy; on the other hand, the use of capital Q in an otherwise consistent uncial alphabet points to France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/780.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/780.jpg 781,479,Uncial,VII,601,700,4,435,"Written presumably in Italy: the five other strips used in the same binding are in Central Italian minuscule saec. X–XI.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Nm 25.11–17, 26.1–7, 33.7–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 66541",,"Image shows Numer. XXV. 17-18, XXVI. 2-3",,,"Script is a bold roundish uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of **ꝺ** is very round; the hasta of **E** is central; **M** is very broad; horizontal finials are wedge-shaped.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/781,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/781,"Script is a bold roundish uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of ꝺ is very round; the hasta of E is central; M is very broad; horizontal finials are wedge-shaped.
","Written presumably in Italy: the five other strips used in the same binding are in Central Italian minuscule saec. X–XI.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/781.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/781.jpg 782,480,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,4,436a,"Written presumably in North Italy. Found by Abbot Amelli in 1872 at the church of Sarezzano near Tortona in Piedmont, where it had been preserved in a wooden box as a relic of a S Rufinus, to whom the writing is ascribed in a document of 1585. After brief sojourns in Florence, Milan, Turin, Monte Cassino, and Rome it returned in 1934 to its former home.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc 24, 38–42, 49–53, Io 1.1–11, 18–19).",Parchment,"Codex Sarzanensis. (j)",,"TM 66542",,"fol. 30v ",,,"Script is very regular, but slightly ornate uncial; the bow of **A** is compressed; the hasta of **E** is in the centre; the axis of **O** is upright as in Greek uncial. Notae Tironianae and a marginal note in North Italian cursive saec. VII or VIII occur on fol. 30v.","☛Codex purpureus.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/782,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/782,"Script is very regular, but slightly ornate uncial; the bow of A is compressed; the hasta of E is in the centre; the axis of O is upright as in Greek uncial. Notae Tironianae and a marginal note in North Italian cursive saec. VII or VIII occur on fol. 30v.
","Written presumably in North Italy. Found by Abbot Amelli in 1872 at the church of Sarezzano near Tortona in Piedmont, where it had been preserved in a wooden box as a relic of a S Rufinus, to whom the writing is ascribed in a document of 1585. After brief sojourns in Florence, Milan, Turin, Monte Cassino, and Rome it returned in 1934 to its former home.
","☛Codex purpureus.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/782.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/782.jpg 783,481,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,4,436b,"Origin presumably North Italy. The MS from which these leaves come probably had the same history and suffered the same vicissitudes as the MS with which it is bound up.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vetus Latina, Io 18.36–20.14).",Parchment,"Codex Sarzanensis. (j)",,"TM 66543",,"fol. 70 ",,,"Script, of which very little survives, is a fine, calligraphic uncial of an old, though not the very oldest type: the hasta of **E** is above the centre; the top of **T** is small.","☛Codex purpureus. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/783,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/783,"Script, of which very little survives, is a fine, calligraphic uncial of an old, though not the very oldest type: the hasta of E is above the centre; the top of T is small.
","Origin presumably North Italy. The MS from which these leaves come probably had the same history and suffered the same vicissitudes as the MS with which it is bound up.
","☛Codex purpureus.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/783.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/783.jpg 784,483,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,438,"Written doubtless in Italy. Connected with Bobbio from earliest times: on fol. 1v, above the decorative border enclosing the title, stand the uncial inscriptions: 'LIBROS RAGNAPTO PRSBT EX SUO INGENIO' and 'DE ARCA DOM UORGUSTI ABBI’. Although no other record of him exists, Uorgustus was probably an abbot of Bobbio: compare the similar ex-libris found in Vatic. Lat. 5758 and in Milan, Ambros. S. 45 sup. (CLA [1.36](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/44) and [3.365)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703). Recorded in the old Bobbio catalogue. The Bobbio ex-libris is seen on fol. 2. Was No. 67 in the inventory of 1461. Like MS E. IV. 42 (cf. CLA [4.447](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/795)) it was one of the early arrivals in the Turin University Library. ",3,,,"Lactantius; Hilarius; Origenes; Hegemonius, Acta Archelai.",Parchment,,,"TM 66544",,"foll. 3v and 61v ",,,"Script is a bold and expert uncial not of the very oldest type: the bow of **A** is small and roundish; **B** has a tiny upper, and a protruding lower bow; the tail of **𐌾** is long and thin; the second upright of **N** is an elongated comma; **S** is rather top-heavy; the descender of **Y** is a hair-line. The contemporary half-uncial on foll. 61v–62 has regularly the uncial form of **a** and occasionally uncial **b**, **g**, **m** and **r**: **i**-longa is the rule after **r** and **ꞇ**, a feature of old half-uncial. An interlinear insertion in uncial occurs on fol. 72, in early or contemporary cursive on fol. 27. Notae Tironianae on foll. 3v, 7v, etc..","☛Formerly Turin, Archivio di Stato IB.VI.28.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/784,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/784,"Script is a bold and expert uncial not of the very oldest type: the bow of A is small and roundish; B has a tiny upper, and a protruding lower bow; the tail of 𐌾 is long and thin; the second upright of N is an elongated comma; S is rather top-heavy; the descender of Y is a hair-line. The contemporary half-uncial on foll. 61v–62 has regularly the uncial form of a and occasionally uncial b, g, m and r: i-longa is the rule after r and ꞇ, a feature of old half-uncial. An interlinear insertion in uncial occurs on fol. 72, in early or contemporary cursive on fol. 27. Notae Tironianae on foll. 3v, 7v, etc..
","Written doubtless in Italy. Connected with Bobbio from earliest times: on fol. 1v, above the decorative border enclosing the title, stand the uncial inscriptions: 'LIBROS RAGNAPTO PRSBT EX SUO INGENIO' and 'DE ARCA DOM UORGUSTI ABBI’. Although no other record of him exists, Uorgustus was probably an abbot of Bobbio: compare the similar ex-libris found in Vatic. Lat. 5758 and in Milan, Ambros. S. 45 sup. (CLA 1.36 and 3.365). Recorded in the old Bobbio catalogue. The Bobbio ex-libris is seen on fol. 2. Was No. 67 in the inventory of 1461. Like MS E. IV. 42 (cf. CLA 4.447) it was one of the early arrivals in the Turin University Library.
","☛Formerly Turin, Archivio di Stato IB.VI.28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/784.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/784.jpg 785,486,"Cursive Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,4,439,"Written in North Italy, probably at Bobbio, over the erased text of the Codex Theodosianus. Apparently not entered in the catalogue of 1461. Reached Turin most likely during the first part of the seventeenth century, together with the Lactantius, Sedulius, and the palimpsest A. II. 2* (CLA [4.438](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/784), [447](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/795), [441](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/788) ff.). Destroyed by fire in 1904.",,44.7701,9.386,"Iulius Valerius, Historia Alexandri Magni; Rutilius Namatianus, De Reditu Suo (2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66545",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is a North Italian cursive minuscule by several hands, some recalling Naples Lat. 1 and IV. A. 8 (CLA [3.388](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/726) and [403](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/741)): **a** in ligature often rests on its side; the loop of **e** is elongated; **i**-longa is frequent initially; the horizontal of **ꞇ** forms a closed loop to the left; **ss** run together, a North Italian feature (cf. CLA [3.353](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/691)); the ligature **ui** resembles elongated S. Marginalia and corrections in contemporary Irish minuscule.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Valerius] [palimpsest new]. ☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.IV.25 [Rutilius] [palimpsest new].",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/785,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/785,"Script is a North Italian cursive minuscule by several hands, some recalling Naples Lat. 1 and IV. A. 8 (CLA 3.388 and 403): a in ligature often rests on its side; the loop of e is elongated; i-longa is frequent initially; the horizontal of ꞇ forms a closed loop to the left; ss run together, a North Italian feature (cf. CLA 3.353); the ligature ui resembles elongated S. Marginalia and corrections in contemporary Irish minuscule.
","Written in North Italy, probably at Bobbio, over the erased text of the Codex Theodosianus. Apparently not entered in the catalogue of 1461. Reached Turin most likely during the first part of the seventeenth century, together with the Lactantius, Sedulius, and the palimpsest A. II. 2* (CLA 4.438, 447, 441 ff.). Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Valerius] [palimpsest new]. ☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.IV.25 [Rutilius] [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/785.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/785.jpg 786,487,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,4,440,"Origin most likely Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten, presumably at Bobbio, in the eighth century with the text of Iulius Valerius. Not in the inventory of 1461. Came to Turin presumably in the first half of the seventeenth century, probably at the same time as the MSS of Lactantius and Sedulius and the palimpsest A. II. 2* (CLA [4.438](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/784), [447](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/795), and [441](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/788) ff.). Destroyed by fire in 1904.",,,,"Codex Theodosianus (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66546",,"Parts of fol. 7v shown",,,"Script is a rather small neat uncial by two scribes. Few marginalia in tiny sloping uncial full of abbreviations.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Theodosius (2?)] [palimpsest old]. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/786,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/786,"Script is a rather small neat uncial by two scribes. Few marginalia in tiny sloping uncial full of abbreviations.
","Origin most likely Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten, presumably at Bobbio, in the eighth century with the text of Iulius Valerius. Not in the inventory of 1461. Came to Turin presumably in the first half of the seventeenth century, probably at the same time as the MSS of Lactantius and Sedulius and the palimpsest A. II. 2* (CLA 4.438, 447, and 441 ff.). Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 [Theodosius (2?)] [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/786.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/786.jpg 788,488,"Half-Uncial and Irish Majuscule",VII,601,700,4,441,"Written no doubt at Bobbio. Was number 19 in the inventory of 1461. Presented to a duke of Savoy in the first half of the seventeenth century. Came to the notice of scholars in 1820, when A. Peyron discovered the famous palimpsest of Cicero. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",,44.7701,9.386,"Augustinus, Collatio cum Maximo, Contra Maximinum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66547",,"Contra Maximinum, Lib. I, cap. iii; Lib. II, cap. xxvi",,,"Script is partly half-uncial of a peculiar type, manifestly under Irish influence—it is seen in other Bobbio MSS (cf. CLA [3.362](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/700), [365](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703)) and partly Irish majuscule; one of the Irish hands permits the occasional use of uncial **A**, **N** and **R** and has a trick of writing the last three lines of a page in a curious, rather slim minuscule with many ligatures taken from Italian cursive; another hand using **d**, **n**, **r**, **ꞅ**, writes an Insular majuscule influenced by Bobbio half-uncial. Contemporary corrections by an Irish hand.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 3–112) [palimpsest new].",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/788,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/788,"Script is partly half-uncial of a peculiar type, manifestly under Irish influence—it is seen in other Bobbio MSS (cf. CLA 3.362, 365) and partly Irish majuscule; one of the Irish hands permits the occasional use of uncial A, N and R and has a trick of writing the last three lines of a page in a curious, rather slim minuscule with many ligatures taken from Italian cursive; another hand using d, n, r, ꞅ, writes an Insular majuscule influenced by Bobbio half-uncial. Contemporary corrections by an Irish hand.
","Written no doubt at Bobbio. Was number 19 in the inventory of 1461. Presented to a duke of Savoy in the first half of the seventeenth century. Came to the notice of scholars in 1820, when A. Peyron discovered the famous palimpsest of Cicero. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 3–112) [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/788.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/788.jpg 789,489,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,4,442,"Written probably in Italy. The Cicero text was rewritten in the seventh century with a text of Augustinus, no doubt at Bobbio. The MS was given to a duke of Savoy in the first half of the seventeenth century. The Cicero palimpsest was discovered in 1820 by A. Peyron. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",3,,,"Cicero, Orationes (Pro Cluentio, Pro Tullio, In Pisonem, Pro Caecina, etc., fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66548",,"Pro Tullio, 41-43",,,"Script is a finely penned Rustic capital: **G** has a short tail; the two outer shafts of **M** are almost vertical; the bow of **P** is small; **U** approaches the uncial form.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 3–46, 54–72, 75–112) [palimpsest old].",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/789,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/789,"Script is a finely penned Rustic capital: G has a short tail; the two outer shafts of M are almost vertical; the bow of P is small; U approaches the uncial form.
","Written probably in Italy. The Cicero text was rewritten in the seventh century with a text of Augustinus, no doubt at Bobbio. The MS was given to a duke of Savoy in the first half of the seventeenth century. The Cicero palimpsest was discovered in 1820 by A. Peyron. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 3–46, 54–72, 75–112) [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/789.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/789.jpg 790,490,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,4,443,"Written presumably in Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century with a text of Augustinus, no doubt at Bobbio. Came to Turin probably in the first half of the seventeenth century. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",3,,,"Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares (6.9–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66549",,"End of Epistle 9 and beginning of Epistle 10 are shown",,,"Script is good natural uncial of the older type. ","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 73–74) [palimpsest old].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/790,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/790,"Script is good natural uncial of the older type.
","Written presumably in Italy. Rewritten in the seventh century with a text of Augustinus, no doubt at Bobbio. Came to Turin probably in the first half of the seventeenth century. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (foll. 73–74) [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/790.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/790.jpg 791,491,"Cursive Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,4,444,"Written doubtless at Bobbio. The leaf was separated from the main volume, G. V. 37, by A. Peyron. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",,44.7701,9.386,"Cyprianus, De Opere et Eleemosynis (4–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66551",,"Image shows the lower half of both recto and verso",,,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule, letters showing a marked inclination to the left; apparently the same hand made corrections in G. V. 37; there is also resemblance to the script of the restoration in Milan, Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA [3.323b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/660)): **i**-longa is frequent initially; in the **ri** ligature **i** descends obliquely to the right and ends in an upward curve. The bottom two lines of fol. 113v are in Irish majuscule verging on minuscule and influenced by continental script.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (fol. 113) [palimpsest new].",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/791,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/791,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule, letters showing a marked inclination to the left; apparently the same hand made corrections in G. V. 37; there is also resemblance to the script of the restoration in Milan, Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA 3.323b): i-longa is frequent initially; in the ri ligature i descends obliquely to the right and ends in an upward curve. The bottom two lines of fol. 113v are in Irish majuscule verging on minuscule and influenced by continental script.
","Written doubtless at Bobbio. The leaf was separated from the main volume, G. V. 37, by A. Peyron. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (fol. 113) [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/791.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/791.jpg 792,492,"Rustic Capital",V–VI,401,600,4,445,"Written no doubt in Italy. Re-used in the early eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to make a restoration in Turin G. V. 37, a MS of Cyprian described below (CLA [4.464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810)). Separated from this MS by A. Peyron, the discoverer of the palimpsest. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",3,,,"Cicero, In Verrem (2.1.17.44–45).",Parchment,,,"TM 66552",,"Image shows both recto and verso",,,"Script is calligraphic Rustic capital: the end of **G** curls in; the first and last strokes of **M** are oblique; **N** is broad; **U** has the uncial form; **US** in ligature at line-end.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (fol. 113) [palimpsest old].",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/792,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/792,"Script is calligraphic Rustic capital: the end of G curls in; the first and last strokes of M are oblique; N is broad; U has the uncial form; US in ligature at line-end.
","Written no doubt in Italy. Re-used in the early eighth century, presumably at Bobbio, to make a restoration in Turin G. V. 37, a MS of Cyprian described below (CLA 4.464). Separated from this MS by A. Peyron, the discoverer of the palimpsest. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale A.II.2 (fol. 113) [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/792.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/792.jpg 793,493,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,4,446,"Written in North-east France, probably at Corbie or some neighbouring centre, to judge from the script and the predominance of saints of Eastern France.",,,,"Martyria (Passiones Sanctorum).",Parchment,,,"TM 66553",,"fol. 235 ",,,"Script is a very distinct type of pre-Caroline minuscule, practised in Corbie and neighbouring centres and named after its two characteristic letters, **a** and **b**: **i**-longa occurs initially; **ti** ligature is used for unassibilated ti, **ci** for the assibilated sound. Neumes were inserted on a number of pages and long passages with musical notation added on foll. 139v, 171v, 257v. The Passio of St Laurence on foll. 134–137 and part of the life of St Hilary on fol. 248 f. have been erased and rewritten in ordinary minuscule saec. X.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/793,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/793,"Script is a very distinct type of pre-Caroline minuscule, practised in Corbie and neighbouring centres and named after its two characteristic letters, a and b: i-longa occurs initially; ti ligature is used for unassibilated ti, ci for the assibilated sound. Neumes were inserted on a number of pages and long passages with musical notation added on foll. 139v, 171v, 257v. The Passio of St Laurence on foll. 134–137 and part of the life of St Hilary on fol. 248 f. have been erased and rewritten in ordinary minuscule saec. X.
","Written in North-east France, probably at Corbie or some neighbouring centre, to judge from the script and the predominance of saints of Eastern France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/793.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/793.jpg 795,494,"Rustic Capital and Uncial",VII,601,700,4,447,"Written probably at Bobbio. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 139, its number in the inventory of 1461, are seen on fol. 1. Like the Lactantius in the Archivio di Stato (see CLA [4.438](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/784)), this MS left Bobbio before 1749, perhaps as early as the seventeenth century. The inscription in Rustic capital on fol. 16: 'Ego Abundantius istum librum contuli feliciter' and its variant on fol. 20v doubtless come from the archetype, as does the Asterius colophon in uncial on fol. 28 (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/796)), which is to be compared with the colophon of the Codex Mediceus of Virgil (CLA [3.**296](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/603)), likewise of Bobbio provenance.",,44.7701,9.386,"Sedulius, Carmen Paschale.",Parchment,,,"TM 66554",,"fol. 20v ",,,"Script: the Rustic capital, which begins on fol. 3 and goes to the middle of fol. 9v, is of a late debased type; the uncial which follows is by a fairly trained hand; a cruder and probably somewhat later hand is seen in the bifolia 1/2 and 27/36. Marginalia in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII are seen on several pages (foll. 1, 8, 10, 10v). Numerous corrections by later hands saec. IX and X.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/795,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/795,"Script: the Rustic capital, which begins on fol. 3 and goes to the middle of fol. 9v, is of a late debased type; the uncial which follows is by a fairly trained hand; a cruder and probably somewhat later hand is seen in the bifolia 1/2 and 27/36. Marginalia in cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII are seen on several pages (foll. 1, 8, 10, 10v). Numerous corrections by later hands saec. IX and X.
","Written probably at Bobbio. The usual Bobbio ex-libris and the number 139, its number in the inventory of 1461, are seen on fol. 1. Like the Lactantius in the Archivio di Stato (see CLA 4.438), this MS left Bobbio before 1749, perhaps as early as the seventeenth century. The inscription in Rustic capital on fol. 16: 'Ego Abundantius istum librum contuli feliciter' and its variant on fol. 20v doubtless come from the archetype, as does the Asterius colophon in uncial on fol. 28 (see next item), which is to be compared with the colophon of the Codex Mediceus of Virgil (CLA 3.**296), likewise of Bobbio provenance.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/795.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/795.jpg 796,495,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,4,448,"Written probably at Bobbio, the MS has the same history as the [previous item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/795).",,44.7701,9.386,"Cerealis, Contra Maximinum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66555",,"fol. 30 ",,,"Script is uncial of a later type, written by an untrained hand: the second bow of **M** is higher than the first. Excellent cursive saec. VII–VIII seen on fol. 33v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/796,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/796,"Script is uncial of a later type, written by an untrained hand: the second bow of M is higher than the first. Excellent cursive saec. VII–VIII seen on fol. 33v.
","Written probably at Bobbio, the MS has the same history as the previous item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/796.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/796.jpg 797,496,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,4,449,"Written in Italy, probably in the North. For another Bobbio MS of Augustinus in Psalmos in uncial saec. VII see Vatic. Lat. 5757 (CLA [1.34](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/42)).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (93.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66556",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a fairly calligraphic uncial of a later type: the bow of **A** is high and rather full; the lower bow of **B** protrudes and is often open; the tail of **𐌾** bends to the right; the lower left and the upper right arms of **X** curve to the right.","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Deleted Bobbio catalogue number (9) to follow S1 p. 353: contrary to what was stated in the main entry, MS F. IV. l (fasc. 2) is preserved in its entirety, and the codex registered as No. 9 in the 1461 Bobbio inventory is not the manuscript now represented by these surviving fragments but rather Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana D. 547 inf. (saec. IX). Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (1973) 7-8, no. 4 and pl. 2.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/797,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/797,"Script is a fairly calligraphic uncial of a later type: the bow of A is high and rather full; the lower bow of B protrudes and is often open; the tail of 𐌾 bends to the right; the lower left and the upper right arms of X curve to the right.
","Written in Italy, probably in the North. For another Bobbio MS of Augustinus in Psalmos in uncial saec. VII see Vatic. Lat. 5757 (CLA 1.34).
","☛CLA date (VII–VIII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Deleted Bobbio catalogue number (9) to follow S1 p. 353: contrary to what was stated in the main entry, MS F. IV. l (fasc. 2) is preserved in its entirety, and the codex registered as No. 9 in the 1461 Bobbio inventory is not the manuscript now represented by these surviving fragments but rather Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana D. 547 inf. (saec. IX). Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (1973) 7-8, no. 4 and pl. 2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/797.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/797.jpg 798,497,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,450,"Written probably in Italy. It was No. 41 in the inventory of 1461. The MS is probably to be identified with the item 'quaedam pars de arithmetica Boetii' in the oldest Bobbio catalogue.",3,,,"Boethius, De Institutione Arithmetica (11.35, 38).",Parchment,,,"TM 66557",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a very precise and careful uncial, but not of the oldest type. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/798,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/798,"Script is a very precise and careful uncial, but not of the oldest type.
","Written probably in Italy. It was No. 41 in the inventory of 1461. The MS is probably to be identified with the item 'quaedam pars de arithmetica Boetii' in the oldest Bobbio catalogue.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/798.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/798.jpg 799,498,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,451,"Written in North Italy, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Bobbio library. It was No. 46 in the inventory of 1461.",,,,"Acta Concilii Ephesini 1 (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66558",,"fol. 3b",,,"Script of the text is an expert half-uncial: **a** approaches the uncial form; **g** is invariably uncial; the oblique stroke of **N** is fine; the top of **ꞅ** has a graceful swing: the same hand writes the summaries in a sloping script of mixed uncial and half-uncial: **b** and **m** are regularly half-uncial, **r** and **ꞅ** occasionally.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/799,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/799,"Script of the text is an expert half-uncial: a approaches the uncial form; g is invariably uncial; the oblique stroke of N is fine; the top of ꞅ has a graceful swing: the same hand writes the summaries in a sloping script of mixed uncial and half-uncial: b and m are regularly half-uncial, r and ꞅ occasionally.
","Written in North Italy, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Bobbio library. It was No. 46 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/799.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/799.jpg 800,499,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,452,"Written probably at Bobbio. This MS may be a direct copy of Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf. (CLA [3.326](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/662)), and is probably to be identified with No. 144 in the inventory of 1461.",,44.7701,9.386,"Theodorus Mopsuestenus, In Psalmos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66559",,"Image from pages 8-9 of Fasc. 5",,,"Script is an Irish minuscule by an expert hand. The addition on page 9 of Fasc. 6 is in a broader and cruder hand and is to be compared with Milan, Ambros. F. 60 sup. (CLA [3.337](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/673), [338](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/674), [339](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/675), and [340](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/676)).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/800,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/800,"Script is an Irish minuscule by an expert hand. The addition on page 9 of Fasc. 6 is in a broader and cruder hand and is to be compared with Milan, Ambros. F. 60 sup. (CLA 3.337, 338, 339, and 340).
","Written probably at Bobbio. This MS may be a direct copy of Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf. (CLA 3.326), and is probably to be identified with No. 144 in the inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/800.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/800.jpg 801,500,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,453,"Written presumably in Ireland, perhaps in the same centre, by the same scribe as [Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf.](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/662). The leaves were found by A. Peyron in the Archives of the Ministry of Finance and acquired by him in 1820 for the University Library of Turin.",,,,"Ps- Hieronymus, Commentarii in Marcum (1.1–6, 14.52–15.21).",Parchment,,,"TM 66560",,"Image from column B of fol. 2v and column A of fol. 1",,,"Script is a rather angular Irish minuscule, somewhat similar to that of the Pauline Epistles in Trinity College, Cambridge (CLA [2.133](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/446)) and very like that found in Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf. (CLA [3.326](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/662)). Numerous marginal entries, some in Old-Irish.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/801,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/801,"Script is a rather angular Irish minuscule, somewhat similar to that of the Pauline Epistles in Trinity College, Cambridge (CLA 2.133) and very like that found in Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf. (CLA 3.326). Numerous marginal entries, some in Old-Irish.
","Written presumably in Ireland, perhaps in the same centre, by the same scribe as Milan, Ambros. C. 301 inf.. The leaves were found by A. Peyron in the Archives of the Ministry of Finance and acquired by him in 1820 for the University Library of Turin.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/801.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/801.jpg 802,501,"Insular Majuscule","VIII in",701,725,4,454,"Written doubtless in Ireland. Liturgically the MS is very similar to the Bangor Antiphonary, Milan, Ambros. C. 5 inf. (CLA [3.311](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/648)) and has probably had a similar history.",,,,"Antiphonarium Celticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66561",,"fol. 5v ",,,"Script is a rather coarse Irish majuscule by a not very expert scribe: **d**, **n** are minuscule; **R** is regularly uncial; **S** has both uncial and half-uncial forms; **Y** is typically Irish, with both branches curving to the right. Some notes in Old-Irish.","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.IV.1 Fragm. 9.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/802,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/802,"Script is a rather coarse Irish majuscule by a not very expert scribe: d, n are minuscule; R is regularly uncial; S has both uncial and half-uncial forms; Y is typically Irish, with both branches curving to the right. Some notes in Old-Irish.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. Liturgically the MS is very similar to the Bangor Antiphonary, Milan, Ambros. C. 5 inf. (CLA 3.311) and has probably had a similar history.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.IV.1 Fragm. 9.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/802.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/802.jpg 803,502,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,4,455,"Origin uncertain, most probably Italy. Rewritten at Bobbio in the fourteenth century.",0,,,"Iohannes Cassianus, Institutiones (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66562",,"Image from fol. 5",,,"Only a few letters can be made out in the portion revived by reagent; to judge by them, script is half-uncial of a good type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/803,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/803,"Only a few letters can be made out in the portion revived by reagent; to judge by them, script is half-uncial of a good type.
","Origin uncertain, most probably Italy. Rewritten at Bobbio in the fourteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/803.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/803.jpg 804,503,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,456,"Written probably in Italy. The leaf comes from Bobbio, where it was apparently once used as a fly-leaf.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Sap 4.1–7.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66563",,"Image from the recto",,,"Script is a small regular uncial of a late type: **E** with cedilla occurs for **AE**; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/804,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/804,"Script is a small regular uncial of a late type: E with cedilla occurs for AE; LL run together.
","Written probably in Italy. The leaf comes from Bobbio, where it was apparently once used as a fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/804.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/804.jpg 805,504,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,4,457,"Written presumably in Ireland. Rewritten at Bobbio saec. XI. The main MS, to which our leaf was added, is composite: foll. 1–60, containing Walafrid Strabo's life of St Gall, have the familiar Bobbio ex-libris but no number; foll. 61–68, with the Vita S Antonini, have the same ex-libris and the number 153, as well as the fifteenth-century ex-libris (Congregation of St Justina) and the number 69. Both these parts may have reached Bobbio from elsewhere, but foll. 69–93, containing Vita S Nicolai and Sermo in Laudem S Lucae, are in Bobbio script.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae catholicae (1 Pt, 2 Pt 1–13). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66564",,"Image from the recto",,,"Script is a rapid Irish minuscule: **a** and **q** are open at the top. Numerous glosses in Old-Irish; a few in Latin by a somewhat later Irish hand using a stylus.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/805,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/805,"Script is a rapid Irish minuscule: a and q are open at the top. Numerous glosses in Old-Irish; a few in Latin by a somewhat later Irish hand using a stylus.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Rewritten at Bobbio saec. XI. The main MS, to which our leaf was added, is composite: foll. 1–60, containing Walafrid Strabo's life of St Gall, have the familiar Bobbio ex-libris but no number; foll. 61–68, with the Vita S Antonini, have the same ex-libris and the number 153, as well as the fifteenth-century ex-libris (Congregation of St Justina) and the number 69. Both these parts may have reached Bobbio from elsewhere, but foll. 69–93, containing Vita S Nicolai and Sermo in Laudem S Lucae, are in Bobbio script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/805.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/805.jpg 806,506,Uncial,VI,501,600,4,459,"Written presumably in Italy. Perhaps to be identified with No. 8 in the catalogue of 1461. Removed from Bobbio probably after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia. (Vulgata, Mt 13.35–fin., Mc, Lc, Io); Lectionarium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66567",,"Image from fol. 61 ",,,"Script is a well-formed, graceful uncial by more than one hand: descenders end in a curve to the left. Breves and prologues are in a much smaller script. ","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.VI.2 fasc. 4.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/806,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/806,"Script is a well-formed, graceful uncial by more than one hand: descenders end in a curve to the left. Breves and prologues are in a much smaller script.
","Written presumably in Italy. Perhaps to be identified with No. 8 in the catalogue of 1461. Removed from Bobbio probably after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
","☛Formerly Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale F.VI.2 fasc. 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/806.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/806.jpg 807,507,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,4,460,"Written presumably in Italy. Came probably from Bobbio. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Ex 38.31–39.33).",Parchment,,,"TM 66568",,"Image shows cap. XXXIX. 28-29; 32-33",,,"Script is regular uncial of a late type: the base of **B** curves down at the left; the third stroke of **N** is nail-shaped; half-uncial **ꞅ** occurs at line-ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/807,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/807,"Script is regular uncial of a late type: the base of B curves down at the left; the third stroke of N is nail-shaped; half-uncial ꞅ occurs at line-ends.
","Written presumably in Italy. Came probably from Bobbio. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/807.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/807.jpg 808,508,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,461,"Written presumably in North Italy. Used for strengthening the back of a binding. Destroyed by fire in 1904.",,,,"Passionarii Fragmentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66569",,"Image shows the end of a homily and the beginning of a Passio S. Laurentii",,,"Script is mainly a roundish pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures with **i** and **t**, not unlike the early script of Nonantola: **d** has two forms; **ti** ligature is used for assibilated ti, the uncial script is presumably confined to the opening lines of the Passio.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/808,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/808,"Script is mainly a roundish pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures with i and t, not unlike the early script of Nonantola: d has two forms; ti ligature is used for assibilated ti, the uncial script is presumably confined to the opening lines of the Passio.
","Written presumably in North Italy. Used for strengthening the back of a binding. Destroyed by fire in 1904.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/808.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/808.jpg 809,510,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,4,463,"Written doubtless in Italy, most likely in the North. Was at Bobbio by the ninth century at latest, to judge by corrections (foll. 90v–91) which are in Bobbio script. Apparently to be identified with item 26 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus adversus V Haereses, Collatio cum Maximo; Rufinus, Expositio Symboli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66570",,"foll. 53v and 61v ",,,"Script is a calligraphic half-uncial recalling somewhat the Ravenna Ambrosius (see CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754)-[b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)): **a** is closed; **i**-longa frequent after **ꞇ**; suprascript **u** sometimes takes the form of a mere horizontal. On fol. 5v, a page originally blank, an eighth-century hand entered the Symbolum in half-uncial, turning to cursive minuscule towards the end to save space. The blank space extending from the lower half of foll. 60–61v was used for writing liturgical formulae in expert cursive almost contemporary with the half-uncial of the MS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/809,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/809,"Script is a calligraphic half-uncial recalling somewhat the Ravenna Ambrosius (see CLA 4.410a-b): a is closed; i-longa frequent after ꞇ; suprascript u sometimes takes the form of a mere horizontal. On fol. 5v, a page originally blank, an eighth-century hand entered the Symbolum in half-uncial, turning to cursive minuscule towards the end to save space. The blank space extending from the lower half of foll. 60–61v was used for writing liturgical formulae in expert cursive almost contemporary with the half-uncial of the MS.
","Written doubtless in Italy, most likely in the North. Was at Bobbio by the ninth century at latest, to judge by corrections (foll. 90v–91) which are in Bobbio script. Apparently to be identified with item 26 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/809.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/809.jpg 810,511,Uncial,V,401,500,4,464,"Written in a scriptorium with ancient calligraphic traditions; the precise location is uncertain. The MS belongs to the same group as Turin F. IV. 27 and G. VII. 15, with which it closely agrees in size (CLA [4.458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748), [465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)), MSS which scholars have considered African. This MS was seen at Bobbio by Mabillon in 1686. Rediscovered by Peyron in the archives of the Ministry of Finance at Turin, whither it had travelled with Bobbio documents. Fol. 113 of A. II. 2* (CLA [4.444](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/791)) once formed part of this MS.",,,,"Cyprianus, De Opere et Eleemosynis, De Sacramento Calicis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66571",,"foll. 25v-26 ",,,"Script is uncial of an early type by a not very expert scribe: letters do not stand on the line. Numerous corrections are either in cursive minuscule or Irish majuscule verging on minuscule saec. VIII in. of the kind seen in other Bobbio MSS (cf. CLA [3.361](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/699)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/810,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810,"Script is uncial of an early type by a not very expert scribe: letters do not stand on the line. Numerous corrections are either in cursive minuscule or Irish majuscule verging on minuscule saec. VIII in. of the kind seen in other Bobbio MSS (cf. CLA 3.361).
","Written in a scriptorium with ancient calligraphic traditions; the precise location is uncertain. The MS belongs to the same group as Turin F. IV. 27 and G. VII. 15, with which it closely agrees in size (CLA 4.458, 465), MSS which scholars have considered African. This MS was seen at Bobbio by Mabillon in 1686. Rediscovered by Peyron in the archives of the Ministry of Finance at Turin, whither it had travelled with Bobbio documents. Fol. 113 of A. II. 2* (CLA 4.444) once formed part of this MS.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/810.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/810.jpg 811,512,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,4,465,"Origin Africa. Supported by two considerations: the text of k is nearest to the Gospel text used by Cyprian, an African writer, and the peculiar type of uncial has its nearest parallels in two fifth-century MSS of Cyprian (CLA [4.**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748) and [4.464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810)).",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mc, Mt, fragm.).",Parchment,"Codex Bobiensis. (k)",,"TM 66572",,"Image from the mounted bifolium 78v/73",,,"Script is a bold, curiously angular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is very pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is open; the tail of **𐌾** is short; the first stroke of uncial **M** is straight; the script bears a distinct resemblance to that of Turin, F. IV. 27 and G. V. 37, both of Bobbio provenance (CLA [4.**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748) and [4.464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810)). Early corrections in rude half-uncial.","☛CLA provenance ('origin uncertain') changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/811,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811,"Script is a bold, curiously angular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is very pointed; the eye of uncial E is open; the tail of 𐌾 is short; the first stroke of uncial M is straight; the script bears a distinct resemblance to that of Turin, F. IV. 27 and G. V. 37, both of Bobbio provenance (CLA 4.**458 and 4.464). Early corrections in rude half-uncial.
","Origin Africa. Supported by two considerations: the text of k is nearest to the Gospel text used by Cyprian, an African writer, and the peculiar type of uncial has its nearest parallels in two fifth-century MSS of Cyprian (CLA 4.**458 and 4.464).
","☛CLA provenance ('origin uncertain') changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/811.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/811.jpg 812,513,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,4,466,"Written presumably in Ireland. Reached Bobbio apparently not before the eleventh century. Not in the inventory of 1461. Re-used in the fifteenth century, along with leaves from other MSS, to copy a vernacular treatise by Cavalca, the Irish miniatures, curiously enough, remaining intact. Brought to Turin probably after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. The entire MS, with the exception of the miniature pages, was destroyed in the fire of 1904 [see Notes below]. Their escape was due to the fact that they had been removed for photographing.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io) (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66573",,"foll. 96v and 158",,,"Script is a stately Irish majuscule of the best type with **d** **ꝺ**, **N**, **r**, **S** **ꞅ**.","☛S1 p. 354: Contrary to what was stated in the main entry, MS O. IV. 20 was not entirely destroyed in the 1904 fire; 152 of 189 folios survive, though in damaged condition. Further, this codex seems to have been registered in the Bobbio catalogue of 1461 as No. 5. Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (973) 9–12, no. 7 and pl. 3 (F. VI. 2, Fasc. 8).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/812,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/812,"Script is a stately Irish majuscule of the best type with d ꝺ, N, r, S ꞅ.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Reached Bobbio apparently not before the eleventh century. Not in the inventory of 1461. Re-used in the fifteenth century, along with leaves from other MSS, to copy a vernacular treatise by Cavalca, the Irish miniatures, curiously enough, remaining intact. Brought to Turin probably after the suppression of the monastery in 1803. The entire MS, with the exception of the miniature pages, was destroyed in the fire of 1904 [see Notes below]. Their escape was due to the fact that they had been removed for photographing.
","☛S1 p. 354: Contrary to what was stated in the main entry, MS O. IV. 20 was not entirely destroyed in the 1904 fire; 152 of 189 folios survive, though in damaged condition. Further, this codex seems to have been registered in the Bobbio catalogue of 1461 as No. 5. Cf. M. Ferrari, 'Spigolature bobbiesi', Italia medioevale e umanistica 16 (973) 9–12, no. 7 and pl. 3 (F. VI. 2, Fasc. 8).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/812.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/812.jpg 813,514,Uncial,"IV² (c. 371)",351,400,4,467,"Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the centre that preserved it. The MS was regarded as a relic of St Eusebius of Vercelli (†371) and believed to have been written by the saint himself, which may account for its survival. The date is palaeographically acceptable. Once in a silver-plated box made by Duke Berengarius in 885. The missing leaf was given as a relic in 1575 to the Church of St Eusebius, Salus, in the diocese of Lausanne, and is now lost. The MS was in miserable condition before it was repaired in the Vatican in 1910. The unbound, mounted bifolia are now kept in two wooden boxes.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc).",Parchment,"Gospels of St Eusebius. Codex Eusebii. Codex Vercellensis. (a)",,"TM 66574",,"Image from the bifolium pp. 270/267",,,"Script is a fine expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is open; the tail of **𐌾** is tiny; the first stroke of uncial **M** tends to be straight; the bows of **P** and **R** are small. Liturgical notes in North Italian cursive of the seventh century.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/813,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/813,"Script is a fine expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the eye of uncial E is open; the tail of 𐌾 is tiny; the first stroke of uncial M tends to be straight; the bows of P and R are small. Liturgical notes in North Italian cursive of the seventh century.
","Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the centre that preserved it. The MS was regarded as a relic of St Eusebius of Vercelli (†371) and believed to have been written by the saint himself, which may account for its survival. The date is palaeographically acceptable. Once in a silver-plated box made by Duke Berengarius in 885. The missing leaf was given as a relic in 1575 to the Church of St Eusebius, Salus, in the diocese of Lausanne, and is now lost. The MS was in miserable condition before it was repaired in the Vatican in 1910. The unbound, mounted bifolia are now kept in two wooden boxes.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/813.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/813.jpg 814,515,Uncial,VII,601,700,4,468a,"Written probably in Spain. Read and annotated in Italy in the eighth century.",,,,"Clemens Romanus, Recognitiones; Acta Petri cum Simone.",Parchment,,,"TM 66575",,"foll. 146v and 227 ",,,"Script is a curious, not very expert, uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is almost a horizontal oval; the eye of uncial **E** is closed; the last stroke of **N** is often spike-shaped; the top of **T** is yoke-like. Numerous marginal entries, some in uncial (foll. 197v, 345), some in North Italian cursive (foll. 226, 227, etc.), but most in Visigothic by a reader who made summaries and appreciative remarks (fol. 146v, et passim). On fol. 317 occurs the unfinished entry in North Italian minuscule saec. VIII: 'Florencius presbiter uiua in'. The MS was already defective in the eighth century: a Visigothic hand noted a lacuna with 'hic minus habet' (fol. 369v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/814,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/814,"Script is a curious, not very expert, uncial: the bow of uncial A is almost a horizontal oval; the eye of uncial E is closed; the last stroke of N is often spike-shaped; the top of T is yoke-like. Numerous marginal entries, some in uncial (foll. 197v, 345), some in North Italian cursive (foll. 226, 227, etc.), but most in Visigothic by a reader who made summaries and appreciative remarks (fol. 146v, et passim). On fol. 317 occurs the unfinished entry in North Italian minuscule saec. VIII: 'Florencius presbiter uiua in'. The MS was already defective in the eighth century: a Visigothic hand noted a lacuna with 'hic minus habet' (fol. 369v).
","Written probably in Spain. Read and annotated in Italy in the eighth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/814.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/814.jpg 815,516,Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,468b,"Origin and later history probably the same as that of the [main MS](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/814).",,,,"Clemens Romanus, Recognitiones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66576",,"fol. 360 ",,,"Script is a natural but somewhat awkward uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is rather flat; uncial **E** is closed and low-waisted; **I** often rises above other letters even in mid-line; **LL** run together. Marginalia by the same Visigothic hand as in the main MS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/815,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/815,"Script is a natural but somewhat awkward uncial: the bow of uncial A is rather flat; uncial E is closed and low-waisted; I often rises above other letters even in mid-line; LL run together. Marginalia by the same Visigothic hand as in the main MS.
","Origin and later history probably the same as that of the main MS.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/815.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/815.jpg 816,517,"North Italian Cursive Minuscule",VIII,701,800,4,469,"Written doubtless in North Italy, probably at Vercelli.",,,,"Hieronymus-Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Augustinus, Retractaciones; Decretum Gelasianum; Cassiodorus, Opus Incertum; Anastasius Bibliothecarius, Vitae Romanorum Pontificum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66577",,"fol. 39 ",,,"Script is very expert, rapid cursive minuscule, closely akin to the script of North Italian charters: **a** in ligature is often suprascript or resting on its side; **s** at the end of a word is short and stands on the line; **t** in ligature has various forms; **y** is v-shaped and dotted; **z** resembles **ti** ligature with a tag to the right, a form peculiar to North Italy; **i**-longa used initially and medially for the semi-vocal sound; the ligature **ti** is used indifferently for hard and soft ti. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 35, 70.",,,,12,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/816,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/816,"Script is very expert, rapid cursive minuscule, closely akin to the script of North Italian charters: a in ligature is often suprascript or resting on its side; s at the end of a word is short and stands on the line; t in ligature has various forms; y is v-shaped and dotted; z resembles ti ligature with a tag to the right, a form peculiar to North Italy; i-longa used initially and medially for the semi-vocal sound; the ligature ti is used indifferently for hard and soft ti. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 35, 70.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, probably at Vercelli.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/816.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/816.jpg 817,518,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,4,470,"Written doubtless in North Italy.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (8).",Parchment,,,"TM 66578",,"fol. 107v",,,"Script is uncial of the latest type: the lower bow of **B** is very protruding; the second arch of uncial **M** is angular and recalls the Stavelot Orosius (CLA [2.171](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/486)); the top of **T** is yoke-like; **Z** resembles open Q, as in some other North Italian MSS (cf. CLA [4.511](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/863), [512](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/864)); **LL** run together; horizontal strokes have forked finials; descenders are markedly spike-shaped.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/817,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/817,"Script is uncial of the latest type: the lower bow of B is very protruding; the second arch of uncial M is angular and recalls the Stavelot Orosius (CLA 2.171); the top of T is yoke-like; Z resembles open Q, as in some other North Italian MSS (cf. CLA 4.511, 512); LL run together; horizontal strokes have forked finials; descenders are markedly spike-shaped.
","Written doubtless in North Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/817.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/817.jpg 818,519,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,4,471,"Origin uncertain, probably North Italy.",2,,,"Leges Langobardorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66579",,"fol. 66v",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial **A** is often above the line; the first arch of uncial **M** is often closed; the last stroke of **N** cuts the oblique; **i**-longa occurs initially; **LL** run together; descenders are rather long.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/818,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/818,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial A is often above the line; the first arch of uncial M is often closed; the last stroke of N cuts the oblique; i-longa occurs initially; LL run together; descenders are rather long.
","Origin uncertain, probably North Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/818.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/818.jpg 819,520,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,472,"Written probably in some North Italian centre where Greek was fostered. Was certainly in North Italy by the seventh century. During the ninth century the Psalter was kept in separate sections divided at quires 9, 18, 28, 36, 44, and 51. It was apparently used as an aid to studying Greek and exhibited to visiting Greek scholars (cf. the Greek entries on fol. 2v).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Psalterium Graeco-Latinum et Cantica).",Parchment,"Codex Veronensis. (R)",,"TM 62184",,"Image from foll. 63 (Psalterium) and 403v (Revelatio Thomae, with interlinear transcript by Scipio Maffei)",,,"Script is bold, but not very comely, uncial with some late features: the base of **L** is now roundish, now square; **P** and **q** have ample bows; the top of **T** is ticked at either end. Few corrections in the Latin; the Greek has continuous alterations by a later hand, especially changes of vowel. On fol. 150 is a seventh-century entry 'Uitalis umilis diacnus'; Vitalis signs again at the top of fol. 305 and makes other probationes pennae. On foll. 403v–404v, originally left blank, a seventh-century hand, writing expert cursive of a North Italian type, inserted an apocryphal Revelation of St Thomas: **n** has two forms, minuscule and majuscule, the latter with the high sagging middle stroke, as in CLA [4.**462](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/750); **z** sweeps boldly down; **i**-longa is used initially (even in 'Illi') and medially for the semivocal sound, and after **r** and **t**, as in older cursive and quarter-uncial. Spelling shows confusion of **b** and **u**: 'bidebunt’, 'baria'; misuse of **h**: 'haspiciam', 'tomae', 'thunc' (cf. CLA [4.438](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/784)), 'blapspemia'; **z** for **d** before **i** followed by a vowel: 'glazius', 'ozium'.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/819,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/819,"Script is bold, but not very comely, uncial with some late features: the base of L is now roundish, now square; P and q have ample bows; the top of T is ticked at either end. Few corrections in the Latin; the Greek has continuous alterations by a later hand, especially changes of vowel. On fol. 150 is a seventh-century entry 'Uitalis umilis diacnus'; Vitalis signs again at the top of fol. 305 and makes other probationes pennae. On foll. 403v–404v, originally left blank, a seventh-century hand, writing expert cursive of a North Italian type, inserted an apocryphal Revelation of St Thomas: n has two forms, minuscule and majuscule, the latter with the high sagging middle stroke, as in CLA 4.**462; z sweeps boldly down; i-longa is used initially (even in 'Illi') and medially for the semivocal sound, and after r and t, as in older cursive and quarter-uncial. Spelling shows confusion of b and u: 'bidebunt’, 'baria'; misuse of h: 'haspiciam', 'tomae', 'thunc' (cf. CLA 4.438), 'blapspemia'; z for d before i followed by a vowel: 'glazius', 'ozium'.
","Written probably in some North Italian centre where Greek was fostered. Was certainly in North Italy by the seventh century. During the ninth century the Psalter was kept in separate sections divided at quires 9, 18, 28, 36, 44, and 51. It was apparently used as an aid to studying Greek and exhibited to visiting Greek scholars (cf. the Greek entries on fol. 2v).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/819.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/819.jpg 820,521,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,4,473,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. The leaves once served as fly-leaves of Verona 85 (80), the Sacramentarium Leonianum (see CLA [4.514](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866)): the ninth-century notes in the hand of Pacificus on fol. 1v, 'R in men. VII' and 'Admonitio ieiunii mensis VII Rq in men. VI. In qt XIIII. lnvitatio plebis in ieiunio men decimi Rq in qt XV’, refer to the rubrics actually to be found in the 14th quire of this Sacramentary, as Maffei recognized. The leaves were reassembled by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vetus Latina, Sir 24–fin., Prv 6.7–19, Sap 10.10–11.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66580",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is an elegant uncial of an old type: the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye closed; the tail of **𐌾** is tiny; **F**, **P**, and **q** go well below the line. The ninth-century notes on fol. 1v are in the hand of Pacificus diaconus of Verona (†846).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/820,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/820,"Script is an elegant uncial of an old type: the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye closed; the tail of 𐌾 is tiny; F, P, and q go well below the line. The ninth-century notes on fol. 1v are in the hand of Pacificus diaconus of Verona (†846).
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. The leaves once served as fly-leaves of Verona 85 (80), the Sacramentarium Leonianum (see CLA 4.514): the ninth-century notes in the hand of Pacificus on fol. 1v, 'R in men. VII' and 'Admonitio ieiunii mensis VII Rq in men. VI. In qt XIIII. lnvitatio plebis in ieiunio men decimi Rq in qt XV’, refer to the rubrics actually to be found in the 14th quire of this Sacramentary, as Maffei recognized. The leaves were reassembled by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/820.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/820.jpg 821,522,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,474,"Written apparently in some North Italian centre, probably at Ravenna to judge by script. The tenth-century probationes pennae are in hands found in other Verona MSS: they suggest that these leaves were once fly-leaves. They were put together by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Ier 51.44–fin., Lam 1.1–2.11).",Parchment,,,"TM 66581",,"Top and bottom of fol. VII shown",,,"Script is a neat, expert half-uncial of a distinct type, recalling the Ravenna Ambrose (CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754)–[b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)): **a** is mostly uncial; the hasta of **f** is high; **g** is regularly uncial; the middle stroke of **N** is thick; **ꞅ** is tall, forks at the top and usually rests on the line; the upper right branch and lower left of **x** resemble a leaning c; **i**-longa is frequent initially, and medially when semivocal, and when preceded by **t**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/821,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/821,"Script is a neat, expert half-uncial of a distinct type, recalling the Ravenna Ambrose (CLA 4.410a–b): a is mostly uncial; the hasta of f is high; g is regularly uncial; the middle stroke of N is thick; ꞅ is tall, forks at the top and usually rests on the line; the upper right branch and lower left of x resemble a leaning c; i-longa is frequent initially, and medially when semivocal, and when preceded by t.
","Written apparently in some North Italian centre, probably at Ravenna to judge by script. The tenth-century probationes pennae are in hands found in other Verona MSS: they suggest that these leaves were once fly-leaves. They were put together by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/821.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/821.jpg 822,523,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,4,475,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. The leaves were placed along with other fragments in the volume designated as Appendix to MS 1 (1) by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Recently repaired in the Vatican.",3,,,"Fragmentum de Iure Fisci.",Parchment,,,"TM 66582",,"fol. XII",,,"Script is a bold, clear uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **𐌾** is very short; the oblique of **N** is thick; the bow of **P** is small.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 108.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/822,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/822,"Script is a bold, clear uncial of an old type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of 𐌾 is very short; the oblique of N is thick; the bow of P is small.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. The leaves were placed along with other fragments in the volume designated as Appendix to MS 1 (1) by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Recently repaired in the Vatican.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 108.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/822.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/822.jpg 823,524,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,476,"Written most likely at Verona. Placed along with other fragments in a volume designated as Appendix to MS 1 (1) by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.",,,,"Acta Concilii Chalcedonensis (Actio Secunda, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66583",,"Image from both recto and verso",,,"Script is a curious half-uncial with cursive features: **a** is mostly open; **c** has the broken form; **g** seems compressed; **z** goes well below the line and resembles Arabic 2 with a crest, apparently a North Italian feature; noteworthy are the ligatures with **a** (on the line or suprascript), **e** and **t**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/823,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/823,"Script is a curious half-uncial with cursive features: a is mostly open; c has the broken form; g seems compressed; z goes well below the line and resembles Arabic 2 with a crest, apparently a North Italian feature; noteworthy are the ligatures with a (on the line or suprascript), e and t.
","Written most likely at Verona. Placed along with other fragments in a volume designated as Appendix to MS 1 (1) by Joannes Jacobus de Dionysiis, Canon of Verona, in 1758. Repaired in the Vatican in 1924.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/823.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/823.jpg 824,525,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,4,477,"Origin uncertain. The MS was in Verona at latest by the eighth century, as the added entries on the recto and verso of fol. 1 testify.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, 1–2 Sm, 3–4 Rg); Iulius Honorius, Cosmographia; Laterculus Veronensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66584",,"Image from foll. 251, and 1 recto and verso",,,"Script is a firm and careful, but rather exotic uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; **ꝺ** is open and the top curves up instead of down; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **𐌾** is short; **S** is top-heavy; **T** in ligature is often high; **Y** is tall. Numerous marginal entries, mostly in contemporary uncial, occasionally mixed with half-uncial. A note in sloping half-uncial occurs on fol. 43; the marginal notes on foll. 192v, 201v, 251 are of the time of Pacificus (†846) and perhaps in his hand. Many later entries showing that the MS had been continuously in use over a long period. Notae Tironianae occur. Palaeographically important are the entries added on the recto and verso of fol. 1. As it is conjugate with 8, fol. 1 must be part of the main MS of Kings. The recto was utilized in the eighth century for entering the Ps- Augustine Sermo de die judicii in large crude uncial (this hand is also seen on fol. 7v), and for making various probationes pennae in cursive; the verso was used for entering a lesson from Ez (36.22–8) in a curious local cursive minuscule by the scribe who made additions to Verona XXXVII (35) (cf. CLA [4.493](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/841)). At the foot of fol. 1v is a Latin note in Greek capitals, apparently by the same eighth- or ninth-century hand as made the entry on fol. 24v of Verona LXXXV (80), described in CLA [4.514](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/824,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/824,"Script is a firm and careful, but rather exotic uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed; ꝺ is open and the top curves up instead of down; the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of 𐌾 is short; S is top-heavy; T in ligature is often high; Y is tall. Numerous marginal entries, mostly in contemporary uncial, occasionally mixed with half-uncial. A note in sloping half-uncial occurs on fol. 43; the marginal notes on foll. 192v, 201v, 251 are of the time of Pacificus (†846) and perhaps in his hand. Many later entries showing that the MS had been continuously in use over a long period. Notae Tironianae occur. Palaeographically important are the entries added on the recto and verso of fol. 1. As it is conjugate with 8, fol. 1 must be part of the main MS of Kings. The recto was utilized in the eighth century for entering the Ps- Augustine Sermo de die judicii in large crude uncial (this hand is also seen on fol. 7v), and for making various probationes pennae in cursive; the verso was used for entering a lesson from Ez (36.22–8) in a curious local cursive minuscule by the scribe who made additions to Verona XXXVII (35) (cf. CLA 4.493). At the foot of fol. 1v is a Latin note in Greek capitals, apparently by the same eighth- or ninth-century hand as made the entry on fol. 24v of Verona LXXXV (80), described in CLA 4.514.
","Origin uncertain. The MS was in Verona at latest by the eighth century, as the added entries on the recto and verso of fol. 1 testify.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/824.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/824.jpg 825,526,"Cursive Half-Uncial",VIII,701,800,4,478,"Written probably at Verona, to judge by peculiarities in the script.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1 Sm 1.17–20.38, 21.9–22.5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66585",,"Image shows portions of page 10",,,"Script is an extraordinary and doubtless local type of half-uncial with many cursive elements: **a**, resting on its side or suprascript, is often in ligature, especially with **t**; **g** is pinched; **N** and **n** are used, in the **N** form the sagging middle stroke is almost horizontal, recalling the form used by the Veronese scribe Ursicinus (cf. CLA [4.494](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/842)); **o** is pointed at the top; **z** goes well below the line, apparently a North Italian feature; ascenders are either club-shaped or looped; descenders tend to turn up to the right; there is something individual about the script.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/825,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/825,"Script is an extraordinary and doubtless local type of half-uncial with many cursive elements: a, resting on its side or suprascript, is often in ligature, especially with t; g is pinched; N and n are used, in the N form the sagging middle stroke is almost horizontal, recalling the form used by the Veronese scribe Ursicinus (cf. CLA 4.494); o is pointed at the top; z goes well below the line, apparently a North Italian feature; ascenders are either club-shaped or looped; descenders tend to turn up to the right; there is something individual about the script.
","Written probably at Verona, to judge by peculiarities in the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/825.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/825.jpg 826,527,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,4,479,"Written in an Italian centre of high calligraphic traditions, probably at Ravenna or Verona.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Lv 16.1–25, Dt 30–31).",Parchment,,,"TM 66586",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is an expert, calligraphic half-uncial recalling the Ravenna Ambrosius (CLA [4.410 a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754)–[b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)): **a** is closed and approaches the uncial form; **N** has a characteristic form with the first upright going below the line and the middle stroke sagging somewhat; the top of **t** is a delicate line; letters have a general inclination to the left. Marginal summary in contemporary expert sloping half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/826,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/826,"Script is an expert, calligraphic half-uncial recalling the Ravenna Ambrosius (CLA 4.410 a–b): a is closed and approaches the uncial form; N has a characteristic form with the first upright going below the line and the middle stroke sagging somewhat; the top of t is a delicate line; letters have a general inclination to the left. Marginal summary in contemporary expert sloping half-uncial.
","Written in an Italian centre of high calligraphic traditions, probably at Ravenna or Verona.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/826.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/826.jpg 827,528,Half-Uncial,V²,451,500,4,480,"Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The leaves were used to strengthen a binding.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vetus Latina, Sap 8.14–9.3, 11.26–12.12).",Parchment,,,"TM 66587",,"fol. 5v ",,,"Script is a delicate, calligraphic half-uncial of the older type: **a** is somewhat open and often small; the hasta of **F** is high; the second stroke of **N** is fine (as in Greek uncial).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/827,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/827,"Script is a delicate, calligraphic half-uncial of the older type: a is somewhat open and often small; the hasta of F is high; the second stroke of N is fine (as in Greek uncial).
","Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The leaves were used to strengthen a binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/827.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/827.jpg 828,529,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,4,481,"Written presumably in Italy and probably at Verona. Was used liturgically at Verona in the ninth century (cf. fol. 99v). Kept in the Cathedral Sacristy during the Middle Ages, where it was seen by S Bernardino of Siena: 'A Verona vidi in Libro antico nella sacristia, el Vangelistario in carte del vestimento di Jhesù, tutte le lettere d'ariento e ove si nominava Jhesù erano lettere d'oro'. It is mentioned as No. 30 among the quarto volumes in the catalogue compiled in 1625 by A. Rezano, Canon of Verona. The note on fol. 1v: 'Apparteneva alla Libreria del M. Saibante' (saec. XVIII) is hardly credible.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc 1–14.61).",Parchment,"Codex Veronensis. (b)",,"TM 66588",,"fol. 21v ",,,"Script is a very careful and calligraphic uncial with some ornate features; Square capitals occur at line-ends, especially in Nomina Sacra and in ligatures like **ME**. Many careful corrections and some later additions in uncial (foll. 11, 101. etc.); noteworthy is the liturgical entry on fol. 99v (at Mt 25.14) in red uncial saec. IX referring to the patron saint of Verona: + II· ID APR. ADSUMTIO SCI ZENONIS EPI.","☛Codex purpureus. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/828,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/828,"Script is a very careful and calligraphic uncial with some ornate features; Square capitals occur at line-ends, especially in Nomina Sacra and in ligatures like ME. Many careful corrections and some later additions in uncial (foll. 11, 101. etc.); noteworthy is the liturgical entry on fol. 99v (at Mt 25.14) in red uncial saec. IX referring to the patron saint of Verona: + II· ID APR. ADSUMTIO SCI ZENONIS EPI.
","Written presumably in Italy and probably at Verona. Was used liturgically at Verona in the ninth century (cf. fol. 99v). Kept in the Cathedral Sacristy during the Middle Ages, where it was seen by S Bernardino of Siena: 'A Verona vidi in Libro antico nella sacristia, el Vangelistario in carte del vestimento di Jhesù, tutte le lettere d'ariento e ove si nominava Jhesù erano lettere d'oro'. It is mentioned as No. 30 among the quarto volumes in the catalogue compiled in 1625 by A. Rezano, Canon of Verona. The note on fol. 1v: 'Apparteneva alla Libreria del M. Saibante' (saec. XVIII) is hardly credible.
","☛Codex purpureus.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/828.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/828.jpg 829,530,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,4,482,"Origin probably Verona, to judge by the curious type of writing.",1,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 1.18–9.9).",Parchment,,,"TM 66589",,"Image shows two portions of fol. 18",,,"Script, apparently by the same hand as CLA [4.503](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/851), is an uncalligrapic, awkward uncial, the letters hanging from the line instead of being written on it: the top of **T** forms a loop to the left, as in pre-Caroline minuscule; **LL** occasionally run together; descenders often extend into the line below.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/829,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/829,"Script, apparently by the same hand as CLA 4.503, is an uncalligrapic, awkward uncial, the letters hanging from the line instead of being written on it: the top of T forms a loop to the left, as in pre-Caroline minuscule; LL occasionally run together; descenders often extend into the line below.
","Origin probably Verona, to judge by the curious type of writing.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/829.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/829.jpg 830,531,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,4,483,"Written probably at Verona—local amateur work.",1,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos; Ambrosius, Opus incertum; Johannes Chrysostomus, Homiliae (20); Ps-Cyprianus, Homiliae; Leo Magnus, Epistulae; Testmentum Novum, Epistolae catholicae (Iac, 1–2 Pt, 2–3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 66590",,"foll. 97 and 151v",,,"Script is in part a bold, uncalligraphic uncial, in part half-uncial mixed with uncial elements; in the half-uncial portion, **d**, **g**, and **r** are nearly always uncial: **a**, **m**, **n**, **r**, and **s** have two forms; the left branch of **x** goes below the line; **z** sweeps boldly down; letters are often suprascript at line-ends. Similar script is seen on fol. 1 of Verona II (2), (CLA [4.477](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/824)), containing Augustinus, Sermo de die Iudicii; the hybrid uncial and half uncial also recalls the [Bobbio Missal](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1033), Paris Lat. 13246. The long subscription on fol. 158v ends with the simile dear to medieval scribes: 'Karissime qui legis peto te per ipsum qui plasmauit nos ut oris pro me indigno peccatore et ultimo scriptore si habeas partem cum dnō saluatore: sicut nauigantibus suauis est portus sic et scriptori nouissimus uersus qui nescit litteras scribere se nullum putat esse laborem quia quod tris digiti scribunt totos corpus laborant.'",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/830,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/830,"Script is in part a bold, uncalligraphic uncial, in part half-uncial mixed with uncial elements; in the half-uncial portion, d, g, and r are nearly always uncial: a, m, n, r, and s have two forms; the left branch of x goes below the line; z sweeps boldly down; letters are often suprascript at line-ends. Similar script is seen on fol. 1 of Verona II (2), (CLA 4.477), containing Augustinus, Sermo de die Iudicii; the hybrid uncial and half uncial also recalls the Bobbio Missal, Paris Lat. 13246. The long subscription on fol. 158v ends with the simile dear to medieval scribes: 'Karissime qui legis peto te per ipsum qui plasmauit nos ut oris pro me indigno peccatore et ultimo scriptore si habeas partem cum dnō saluatore: sicut nauigantibus suauis est portus sic et scriptori nouissimus uersus qui nescit litteras scribere se nullum putat esse laborem quia quod tris digiti scribunt totos corpus laborant.'
","Written probably at Verona—local amateur work.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/830.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/830.jpg 831,532,Uncial,V,401,500,4,484,"Written in Italy in a centre of high calligraphic traditions. The scribe has signed the colophon on fol. 327 in tiny Rustic capital: 'Scribit antiquarius Eutalius'. On fol. 480v is the entry in crude eighth-century cursive: 'In none (=nomine) dnī dī nostri ihūm xpī ariperto rege fuit uera iustitia et sincera’, referring doubtless to Aripert the second (701–12); and after an erasure of three lines stands: '† uilius abbas de monastirium scī tohme apostoli cuit uocapolo est pineolo.' There can be no doubt that the place meant is Pignolo near (now within) Verona. The MS was used by Pacificus (†846) whose hand is seen on the added leaf fol. 41, and there are other signs of use in Verona.",1,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, In Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66591",,"foll. 96v and 280",,,"Script is a delicate and graceful uncial of the oldest type written with a fine point: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; uncial **M** and **N** are very broad; **P** and **q** hardly go below the line. Notae Tironianae on foll. 16, 42 by a hand which made corrections in fifth-century uncial. The note written sideways along the outer margin of fol. 280 and the one at the top of fol. 315 are in the same cursive minuscule as the entry on fol. 24v of MS LXXXV (80), CLA [4.514](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/831,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/831,"Script is a delicate and graceful uncial of the oldest type written with a fine point: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high; uncial M and N are very broad; P and q hardly go below the line. Notae Tironianae on foll. 16, 42 by a hand which made corrections in fifth-century uncial. The note written sideways along the outer margin of fol. 280 and the one at the top of fol. 315 are in the same cursive minuscule as the entry on fol. 24v of MS LXXXV (80), CLA 4.514.
","Written in Italy in a centre of high calligraphic traditions. The scribe has signed the colophon on fol. 327 in tiny Rustic capital: 'Scribit antiquarius Eutalius'. On fol. 480v is the entry in crude eighth-century cursive: 'In none (=nomine) dnī dī nostri ihūm xpī ariperto rege fuit uera iustitia et sincera’, referring doubtless to Aripert the second (701–12); and after an erasure of three lines stands: '† uilius abbas de monastirium scī tohme apostoli cuit uocapolo est pineolo.' There can be no doubt that the place meant is Pignolo near (now within) Verona. The MS was used by Pacificus (†846) whose hand is seen on the added leaf fol. 41, and there are other signs of use in Verona.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/831.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/831.jpg 832,533,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,4,485,"Written doubtless in Italy in a centre of fine traditions. Connection with Verona in the eighth century is established by the marginal entry in olive ink on fol. 140v.",3,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 66592",,"fol. 21v ",,,"Script is a bold and expert calligraphic uncial in the best style: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is above the middle; the bow of **h** is detached; the first stroke of uncial **M** is almost straight; the bow of **P** is small and open. Few marginalia. An original rubric on fol. 402v. Notae Tironianae occur (foll. 29v, 54v, 293). Variant readings by original hand on foll. 43, 164, and on fol. 371 preceded by ALIAS. The three lines of Greek in the text on fol. 441v are well written, but obviously by a Western hand. Probatio pennae in cursive saec. VIII on fol. 140v; the same hand apparently made the same entry on foll. 133 and 141 of MS LI (49), CLA [4.504](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/852).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/832,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/832,"Script is a bold and expert calligraphic uncial in the best style: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is above the middle; the bow of h is detached; the first stroke of uncial M is almost straight; the bow of P is small and open. Few marginalia. An original rubric on fol. 402v. Notae Tironianae occur (foll. 29v, 54v, 293). Variant readings by original hand on foll. 43, 164, and on fol. 371 preceded by ALIAS. The three lines of Greek in the text on fol. 441v are well written, but obviously by a Western hand. Probatio pennae in cursive saec. VIII on fol. 140v; the same hand apparently made the same entry on foll. 133 and 141 of MS LI (49), CLA 4.504.
","Written doubtless in Italy in a centre of fine traditions. Connection with Verona in the eighth century is established by the marginal entry in olive ink on fol. 140v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/832.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/832.jpg 833,534,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,4,486,"Origin uncertain. The initials and the cursive marginalia suggest North Italy.",0,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae; Anastasius Bibliothecarius; Rufinus; Gregorius Magnus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66593",,"fol. 24v ",,,"Script is a curious, rather angular uncial with the strokes often unconnected: uncial **A** is almost capital with the bar oblique and high, on many pages the half-uncial form also occurs; the base of **L** is square with a downward finial; the second stroke of **N** is thin, as in Greek; **R** is open at the top, resembling a North Italian N; **T** has a slim stem and a distinct foot and the top loops to the left, recalling Merovingian script; every minim, even **I**, begins with a cup-shaped forestroke; descenders are long and very pointed. Cursive marginalia on foll. 24v, 26v, 29v, etc. The added eighth-century cursive minuscule at the foot of fol. 126v does not seem Veronese. Notae Tironianae occur (e.g. foll. 23, 27v, 29).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/833,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/833,"Script is a curious, rather angular uncial with the strokes often unconnected: uncial A is almost capital with the bar oblique and high, on many pages the half-uncial form also occurs; the base of L is square with a downward finial; the second stroke of N is thin, as in Greek; R is open at the top, resembling a North Italian N; T has a slim stem and a distinct foot and the top loops to the left, recalling Merovingian script; every minim, even I, begins with a cup-shaped forestroke; descenders are long and very pointed. Cursive marginalia on foll. 24v, 26v, 29v, etc. The added eighth-century cursive minuscule at the foot of fol. 126v does not seem Veronese. Notae Tironianae occur (e.g. foll. 23, 27v, 29).
","Origin uncertain. The initials and the cursive marginalia suggest North Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/833.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/833.jpg 834,535,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,4,487,"Written obviously in the same centre as the upper script.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae; Anastasius Bibliothecarius; Rufinus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66594",,"fol. 63 ",,,"Script is a rather large clumsy uncial, more calligraphic than the upper script, but similar to it and contemporary. Good clear examples of it can be seen on foll. 81v, 71v (bottom lines).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/834,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/834,"Script is a rather large clumsy uncial, more calligraphic than the upper script, but similar to it and contemporary. Good clear examples of it can be seen on foll. 81v, 71v (bottom lines).
","Written obviously in the same centre as the upper script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/834.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/834.jpg 835,536,Uncial,"VI in (500 - 533)",501,533,4,488,"Origin uncertain. The MS was probably written in an important centre like Byzantium, which presumably produced the Laurentian Digests and other legal MSS. This MS furnishes an interesting ancient example of a palimpsest which was allowed to remain intact during the process of rewriting.",0,,,"Gaius, Institutiones (4.134–139).",Parchment,,,"TM 66595",,"fol. 92v ",,,"Script is a distinct type of uncial found in a number of legal MSS, chief among them being the [Laurentian Digests](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627): the bow of uncial **A** is small, low, and rounded; **B** rises well above the line and its oval lower bow leans to the left; the upright of **R** descends below the line, the bow is mostly open below and touches the base-line and the last stroke is a small horizontal; the forms of **B** and **R** are characteristic.","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow M. Varvaro, Scriptorium 69 (2015), p. 79–103. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 18](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/029_tav018.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/835,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835,"Script is a distinct type of uncial found in a number of legal MSS, chief among them being the Laurentian Digests: the bow of uncial A is small, low, and rounded; B rises well above the line and its oval lower bow leans to the left; the upright of R descends below the line, the bow is mostly open below and touches the base-line and the last stroke is a small horizontal; the forms of B and R are characteristic.
","Origin uncertain. The MS was probably written in an important centre like Byzantium, which presumably produced the Laurentian Digests and other legal MSS. This MS furnishes an interesting ancient example of a palimpsest which was allowed to remain intact during the process of rewriting.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow M. Varvaro, Scriptorium 69 (2015), p. 79–103. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 18.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/835.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/835.jpg 836,537,Uncial,VI,501,600,4,489a,"Written apparently in Italy. The MS may have some connection with Verona XIV (12) (CLA [4.485](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/832)). There seem to be no annotations by Pacificus (†846). On the blank folio 208v occurs the name ENNODIORUM, entered in fine Rustic capital saec. VI. The MS may have belonged to the poet Magnus Felix. Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia (511–21).",3,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66596",,"fol. 165 ",,,"Script is a bold, expert uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is low and rounded; the eye of uncial **E** is mostly open and the hasta above the middle; uncial **M** and **N** are broad; the bows of **P** and **q** are ample. Greek words are overlined. Marginalia in uncial (foll. 23v, 33v, 34v) and in sloping uncial. A medical recipe in excellent contemporary cursive on fol. 2, originally blank. Rough eighth century cursive in very black ink on foll. 2, 299, a note in Greek cursive on fol. 169.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/836,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/836,"Script is a bold, expert uncial, not quite of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is low and rounded; the eye of uncial E is mostly open and the hasta above the middle; uncial M and N are broad; the bows of P and q are ample. Greek words are overlined. Marginalia in uncial (foll. 23v, 33v, 34v) and in sloping uncial. A medical recipe in excellent contemporary cursive on fol. 2, originally blank. Rough eighth century cursive in very black ink on foll. 2, 299, a note in Greek cursive on fol. 169.
","Written apparently in Italy. The MS may have some connection with Verona XIV (12) (CLA 4.485). There seem to be no annotations by Pacificus (†846). On the blank folio 208v occurs the name ENNODIORUM, entered in fine Rustic capital saec. VI. The MS may have belonged to the poet Magnus Felix. Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia (511–21).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/836.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/836.jpg 837,538,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,4,489b,"Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge from the script. For the history of the main MS see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/836).",2,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66597",,"fol. 221 ",,,"Script is a bold, rather clumsy uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is round and low; the two bows of uncial **M** are uneven, the second being high and somewhat humped; the oblique stroke of **N** begins low and the comma-like third stroke touches it well above the base-line; the bow of **q** is ample.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/837,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/837,"Script is a bold, rather clumsy uncial: the bow of uncial A is round and low; the two bows of uncial M are uneven, the second being high and somewhat humped; the oblique stroke of N begins low and the comma-like third stroke touches it well above the base-line; the bow of q is ample.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge from the script. For the history of the main MS see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/837.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/837.jpg 838,539,Half-Uncial,"VI (post 555)",556,600,4,490,"Written probably at Verona, presumably in the same scriptorium as the textually related Verona 53 (51), CLA [4.506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/854), Vatic. Lat. 1322 (CLA [1.8](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/11)) and Verona 59 (57), CLA [4.509](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/860). A palaeographically kindred MS is [Paris, Lat. 12214](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1011) (Augustinus, De civitate Dei). A more precise clue to the date is supplied by the papal list which ends on fol. 3v with Vigilius (†555), whose death is noted by the first hand. It was certainly in Verona by the ninth century.",1,,,"Hieronymus-Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Anastasius Bibliothecarius, Vitae Romanorum Pontificum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66598",,"foll. 64, 163v",,,"Script is a type of half-uncial recalling that used by Ursicinus (cf. CLA [4.494](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/842)): at least two hands worked on the MS, the first being the more calligraphic: half-uncial **a** is closed; **Ᵹ** is constricted; **f** descends below the line and the hasta often crosses the stem; **N** is characteristic with the middle stroke sagging; **f** goes well below the line; on fol. 163v are 16 lines in contemporary uncial remarkable for the advanced stage of development. Occasional marginalia in cursive on foll. 92–93, 95, etc., or in Veronese pre-Caroline minuscule of the time of Pacificus (†846), as on fol. 11v. Notae Tironianae passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/838,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/838,"Script is a type of half-uncial recalling that used by Ursicinus (cf. CLA 4.494): at least two hands worked on the MS, the first being the more calligraphic: half-uncial a is closed; Ᵹ is constricted; f descends below the line and the hasta often crosses the stem; N is characteristic with the middle stroke sagging; f goes well below the line; on fol. 163v are 16 lines in contemporary uncial remarkable for the advanced stage of development. Occasional marginalia in cursive on foll. 92–93, 95, etc., or in Veronese pre-Caroline minuscule of the time of Pacificus (†846), as on fol. 11v. Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written probably at Verona, presumably in the same scriptorium as the textually related Verona 53 (51), CLA 4.506, Vatic. Lat. 1322 (CLA 1.8) and Verona 59 (57), CLA 4.509. A palaeographically kindred MS is Paris, Lat. 12214 (Augustinus, De civitate Dei). A more precise clue to the date is supplied by the papal list which ends on fol. 3v with Vigilius (†555), whose death is noted by the first hand. It was certainly in Verona by the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/838.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/838.jpg 839,540,Uncial,"V¹ (post 420)",421,450,4,491,"Written in Africa in a centre of high calligraphic standards.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (11–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66599",,"foll. 31v and 78v ",,,"Script is broad and very expert uncial of the oldest type, recalling the Puteanus ([Paris Lat. 5730](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/922)) and the Lateranensis of Livy (CLA [1.57](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/65)). Here and there are marginal entries in contemporary half-uncial (fol. 31v) and cursive quarter-uncial, by very expert hands. The eighth-century added notes on foll. 143v and 186v seem Veronese. Numerous marginalia by Pacificus of Verona.","☛CLA provenance ('doubtless in Italy, in a centre of high calligraphic standards, perhaps in the scriptorium which produced the fifth-century Paris Livy from Avellino near Naples') changed to follow CLA 12 p. VIII.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/839,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/839,"Script is broad and very expert uncial of the oldest type, recalling the Puteanus (Paris Lat. 5730) and the Lateranensis of Livy (CLA 1.57). Here and there are marginal entries in contemporary half-uncial (fol. 31v) and cursive quarter-uncial, by very expert hands. The eighth-century added notes on foll. 143v and 186v seem Veronese. Numerous marginalia by Pacificus of Verona.
","Written in Africa in a centre of high calligraphic standards.
","☛CLA provenance ('doubtless in Italy, in a centre of high calligraphic standards, perhaps in the scriptorium which produced the fifth-century Paris Livy from Avellino near Naples') changed to follow CLA 12 p. VIII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/839.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/839.jpg 840,541,Half-Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,4,492,"Written apparently at Verona, to judge by the peculiarities of script. Was certainly there by the ninth century. Has been identified by Giuliari with a book left to the Chapter of Verona by Bishop Bonincontro in 1298, but this is hardly probable and it is not mentioned in the extant copy of his will.",1,,,"Augustinus, De Agone Christiano, De Fide, Epistula ad Hieronymum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66600",,"foll. 2v, 10v",,,"Script is a half-uncial verging upon minuscule with numerous ligatures, particularly with **a**, **c**, **e**, and **t**. The more cursive script at the beginning of the MS bears a marked resemblance to the Luxeuil type which the scribe was manifestly imitating, dropping into his normal hand as he proceeded. Contemporary cursive notes; some annotations and marginalia in the hand of Archdeacon Pacificus, who died in 846.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/840,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/840,"Script is a half-uncial verging upon minuscule with numerous ligatures, particularly with a, c, e, and t. The more cursive script at the beginning of the MS bears a marked resemblance to the Luxeuil type which the scribe was manifestly imitating, dropping into his normal hand as he proceeded. Contemporary cursive notes; some annotations and marginalia in the hand of Archdeacon Pacificus, who died in 846.
","Written apparently at Verona, to judge by the peculiarities of script. Was certainly there by the ninth century. Has been identified by Giuliari with a book left to the Chapter of Verona by Bishop Bonincontro in 1298, but this is hardly probable and it is not mentioned in the extant copy of his will.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/840.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/840.jpg 841,542,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,4,493,"Written in Italy, in a centre of fine calligraphic traditions, perhaps in the school which produced Milan, Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA [3.323a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/659)). It is quite unlike other half-uncial MSS of Verona. Was certainly at Verona by the eighth century, as is attested by the added entries described in the preceding paragraph.",3,,,"Clemens Romanus, Recognitiones; Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vetus Latina, Dn).",Parchment,,,"TM 66601",,"foll. 141 and 169v",,,"Script is a bold and expert half-uncial recalling the Milan Hegesippus (CLA [3.323a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/659)): **a** approaches the uncial form; **Ᵹ** resembles an s with a thin horizontal top; **i**-longa is frequent after **r** and **t**, a sign of antiquity; shafts of tall letters are strikingly club- or wedge-shaped. Each colophon is accompanied by the corrector's 'contulimus' (it stood alongside each quire-mark in XXXIII (31), CLA [4.492](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/840)). Numerous marginal entries, some summarizing contents, in the hand of Pacificus, others in the hand of Ratherius (foll. 75, 92v, 93, etc.); the entry on fol. 46 seems to be by a different hand. Fol. 59v, originally blank, has an entry Ordo de Septem gradibus in ninth-century minuscule of the time of Pacificus (†846). On certain pages left blank by the original scribe (foll. 169v, 231, 231v, and the single leaf formerly known as IV (4), fol. 6) an eighth-century hand entered in crude and characteristic cursive minuscule a liturgical lesson entitled by him 'Lectio Danielis prophetae cum cantico'. The main pause is marked by a group of points and virgula. Script is unmistakably local: similar liturgical entries by the same hand are seen in several other Verona MSS: II (2), fol. 1v; XXXVIII (36), foll. 117v–118; LI (49), fol. 132v, our CLA [4.477](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/824), [494](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/842), [504](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/852).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/841,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/841,"Script is a bold and expert half-uncial recalling the Milan Hegesippus (CLA 3.323a): a approaches the uncial form; Ᵹ resembles an s with a thin horizontal top; i-longa is frequent after r and t, a sign of antiquity; shafts of tall letters are strikingly club- or wedge-shaped. Each colophon is accompanied by the corrector's 'contulimus' (it stood alongside each quire-mark in XXXIII (31), CLA 4.492). Numerous marginal entries, some summarizing contents, in the hand of Pacificus, others in the hand of Ratherius (foll. 75, 92v, 93, etc.); the entry on fol. 46 seems to be by a different hand. Fol. 59v, originally blank, has an entry Ordo de Septem gradibus in ninth-century minuscule of the time of Pacificus (†846). On certain pages left blank by the original scribe (foll. 169v, 231, 231v, and the single leaf formerly known as IV (4), fol. 6) an eighth-century hand entered in crude and characteristic cursive minuscule a liturgical lesson entitled by him 'Lectio Danielis prophetae cum cantico'. The main pause is marked by a group of points and virgula. Script is unmistakably local: similar liturgical entries by the same hand are seen in several other Verona MSS: II (2), fol. 1v; XXXVIII (36), foll. 117v–118; LI (49), fol. 132v, our CLA 4.477, 494, 504.
","Written in Italy, in a centre of fine calligraphic traditions, perhaps in the school which produced Milan, Ambros. C. 105 inf. (CLA 3.323a). It is quite unlike other half-uncial MSS of Verona. Was certainly at Verona by the eighth century, as is attested by the added entries described in the preceding paragraph.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/841.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/841.jpg 842,543,Half-Uncial,VI¹,517,517,4,494,"Written at Verona, by Ursicinus, in 517, as is clear from the subscription on fol. 117: 'Perscribtus codix hec de uita beati martini epī et cōnf et beati pauli S̄S̄ sub die Kāl. aug. agapito ind. decimae per ursicinum lēct. ecclesiae ueronensis’. Read at Verona by Archdeacon Pacificus (†846). It has probably remained there through the centuries, except for a short visit to Paris during the Napoleonic wars. Recently repaired at the Vatican. As the subscription by Ursicinus is original, the MS constitutes a milestone in Latin palaeography.",1,,,"Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini, Epistulae, Dialogi; Hieronymus, Vita S Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66602",,"foll. 88, 117v, and 118",,,"Script is a rather informal half-uncial approaching minuscule, important because it is both dated and placed: **a** is closed, the uncial form occurring at line ends; **Ᵹ** is rather cramped; **N** is characteristic with its middle stroke high and sagging. Notae Tironianae on many pages. EGO LUBUAD . . occurs on fol. 38v entered with stylus. The blank folios 117v–118 have been filled in with three liturgical lessons ('In cena Domini—Lectio Hieremiae prophetae', 'In vigilia Epiphaniorum mane', and 'In vigiliis pasce') partly in uncial, partly in a mixed script by the hand which added liturgical lessons in several Verona MSS (cf. CLA [4.493](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/841)). The last page, full of probationes pennae, also contains, in eighth-century uncial, the opening verses of Ailerannus' poem on the canons. The manuscript has been retraced, often carelessly, on many pages.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/842,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/842,"Script is a rather informal half-uncial approaching minuscule, important because it is both dated and placed: a is closed, the uncial form occurring at line ends; Ᵹ is rather cramped; N is characteristic with its middle stroke high and sagging. Notae Tironianae on many pages. EGO LUBUAD . . occurs on fol. 38v entered with stylus. The blank folios 117v–118 have been filled in with three liturgical lessons ('In cena Domini—Lectio Hieremiae prophetae', 'In vigilia Epiphaniorum mane', and 'In vigiliis pasce') partly in uncial, partly in a mixed script by the hand which added liturgical lessons in several Verona MSS (cf. CLA 4.493). The last page, full of probationes pennae, also contains, in eighth-century uncial, the opening verses of Ailerannus' poem on the canons. The manuscript has been retraced, often carelessly, on many pages.
","Written at Verona, by Ursicinus, in 517, as is clear from the subscription on fol. 117: 'Perscribtus codix hec de uita beati martini epī et cōnf et beati pauli S̄S̄ sub die Kāl. aug. agapito ind. decimae per ursicinum lēct. ecclesiae ueronensis’. Read at Verona by Archdeacon Pacificus (†846). It has probably remained there through the centuries, except for a short visit to Paris during the Napoleonic wars. Recently repaired at the Vatican. As the subscription by Ursicinus is original, the MS constitutes a milestone in Latin palaeography.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/842.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/842.jpg 843,544,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,495,"Origin uncertain. The MS was used for rewriting at Verona saec. IX.",0,,,"Iustinianus, Institutiones (1, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66603",,"fol. 57v ",,,"Script is a well-developed uncial, but not of the type of the [Codex Pisanus](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627) and certain other legal MSS (cf. CLA [3.292](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624), [295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)): noteworthy is the form of **R** which descends below the line; **S** is large; the left lower and right upper branches of **X** form an oblique C as in Turin, F. IV. 1, Fasc. 2 (CLA [4.449](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/797)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/843,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/843,"Script is a well-developed uncial, but not of the type of the Codex Pisanus and certain other legal MSS (cf. CLA 3.292, 295): noteworthy is the form of R which descends below the line; S is large; the left lower and right upper branches of X form an oblique C as in Turin, F. IV. 1, Fasc. 2 (CLA 4.449).
","Origin uncertain. The MS was used for rewriting at Verona saec. IX.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/843.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/843.jpg 844,545,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,496,"Written in Italy and apparently in the North, to judge by the manner of denoting omitted **M** and by the form of initial **A**. The note at the foot of the last page (fol. 110v) seems Veronese.",2,,,"Cassiodorus, Complexiones in Epistulas Apostolorum, Actus Apostolorum et Apocalypsum",Parchment,,,"TM 66604",,"fol. 96 ",,,"Script is a fair uncial with some artificial features: the tail of **𐌾** and the cross-stroke of **N** are long. **FF** and **LL** have a tendency to run together. No marginalia; a line of eighth-century cursive on fol. 110v in greenish ink, now almost illegible.","☛Text and Maffei's important discovery and [publication](http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10742964_00005.html) of this manuscript discussed in J. J. O'Donnell, [Cassiodorus Ch. 7](http://faculty.georgetown.edu/jod/texts/cassbook/chap7.html).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/844,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/844,"Script is a fair uncial with some artificial features: the tail of 𐌾 and the cross-stroke of N are long. FF and LL have a tendency to run together. No marginalia; a line of eighth-century cursive on fol. 110v in greenish ink, now almost illegible.
","Written in Italy and apparently in the North, to judge by the manner of denoting omitted M and by the form of initial A. The note at the foot of the last page (fol. 110v) seems Veronese.
","☛Text and Maffei's important discovery and publication of this manuscript discussed in J. J. O'Donnell, Cassiodorus Ch. 7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/844.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/844.jpg 845,546,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,4,497,"Written doubtless in France, in the region which produced the Luxeuil lectionary (CLA [5.579](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943)), the London and Ivrea MSS of Gregory (CLA [2.163](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478) and [3.300](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/632)), the Missale Gothicum (CLA [1.106](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119)), and the Paris Augustinus (CLA [5.614](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989)). It was at Verona by the ninth century, where it was corrected by Pacificus (†844). Repaired in the Vatican.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (27–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 66605",,"fol. 65 ",,,"Script is an expert flowing cursive minuscule of a distinct type to which the name ‘Luxeuil' has been given: **a** in ligature rises above the line; the bow of **b** has often a tag connecting it with the following letter; **n** is not infrequently uncial and the first stroke extends below the line as in Merovingian charters; **o** frequently joins the next letter by a tag; suprascript **u** is sickle-shaped; **y** is regularly dotted; **i**-longa is used both initially and medially for the semi-vocal sound, but without regularity; the ligature of **fl** is characteristic, that of **ui** has an s-like form; letters lean slightly to the left; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sounds. A marginal note by a Veronese hand on fol. 9v; some additions and corrections perhaps by Pacificus of Verona (†846) on foll. 137v, 160 ff., 187v, etc.","☛CLA date (VIII²) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 19, dates to VIII in. ☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/845,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845,"Script is an expert flowing cursive minuscule of a distinct type to which the name ‘Luxeuil' has been given: a in ligature rises above the line; the bow of b has often a tag connecting it with the following letter; n is not infrequently uncial and the first stroke extends below the line as in Merovingian charters; o frequently joins the next letter by a tag; suprascript u is sickle-shaped; y is regularly dotted; i-longa is used both initially and medially for the semi-vocal sound, but without regularity; the ligature of fl is characteristic, that of ui has an s-like form; letters lean slightly to the left; the ti ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sounds. A marginal note by a Veronese hand on fol. 9v; some additions and corrections perhaps by Pacificus of Verona (†846) on foll. 137v, 160 ff., 187v, etc.
","Written doubtless in France, in the region which produced the Luxeuil lectionary (CLA 5.579), the London and Ivrea MSS of Gregory (CLA 2.163 and 3.300), the Missale Gothicum (CLA 1.106), and the Paris Augustinus (CLA 5.614). It was at Verona by the ninth century, where it was corrected by Pacificus (†844). Repaired in the Vatican.
","☛CLA date (VIII²) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 19, dates to VIII in. ☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/845.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/845.jpg 846,547,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,4,498,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Gaul. Used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, in the beginning of the eighth century. It was at Verona by the ninth century, to judge by entries in the upper text.",3,,,"Vergilius, Bucolica (3, 5–8) cum scholiis, Georgica (2–4) cum scholiis, Aeneis (1–12) cum scholiis.",Parchment,,,"TM 65876",,"fol. 219 ",,,"Script is a bold, well-formed Rustic capital of an old type: **H** resembles IC with a thin bar through the C; the two uprights of **M** are oblique; **G** and **V** approach the uncial form. Voluminous fifth-century scholia by two hands using mixed uncial and early half-uncial: **b**, **d**, **m** are uniformly half-uncial; **g**, **r**, **s** have both forms; **i**-longa used initially, also medially when semi-vocal and after **g**, **r**, and **t**. The scholiast employs curious and ingenious signes de renvoi, and for punctuation a series of points or ivy-leaves mounting obliquely; apparently the only abbreviations are **b·**, **q·** and omitted **m** marked by a simple line.","☛C. Baschera, [Gli scolii Veronesi a Virgilio](http://en.calameo.com/read/00045743882940e697d82) (Verona, 1999) ",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/846,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/846,"Script is a bold, well-formed Rustic capital of an old type: H resembles IC with a thin bar through the C; the two uprights of M are oblique; G and V approach the uncial form. Voluminous fifth-century scholia by two hands using mixed uncial and early half-uncial: b, d, m are uniformly half-uncial; g, r, s have both forms; i-longa used initially, also medially when semi-vocal and after g, r, and t. The scholiast employs curious and ingenious signes de renvoi, and for punctuation a series of points or ivy-leaves mounting obliquely; apparently the only abbreviations are b·, q· and omitted m marked by a simple line.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Gaul. Used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, in the beginning of the eighth century. It was at Verona by the ninth century, to judge by entries in the upper text.
","☛C. Baschera, Gli scolii Veronesi a Virgilio (Verona, 1999)
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/846.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/846.jpg 847,548,Uncial,"V in",501,525,4,499,"Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Used for rewriting at the beginning of the eighth century, probably at Luxeuil or region. It was at Verona by the ninth century.",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (3.6–6.7).",Parchment,,,"TM 66606",,"fol. 321v ",,,"Script is a beautiful, regular uncial of the oldest type: uncial **A** has a pointed bow; the upper bows of **B** and **R** are small; the loop of uncial **E** is small; the first stroke of uncial **M** is rather straight. Scholia in tiny Greek uncial in a current expert hand (fol. 307r–v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/847,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/847,"Script is a beautiful, regular uncial of the oldest type: uncial A has a pointed bow; the upper bows of B and R are small; the loop of uncial E is small; the first stroke of uncial M is rather straight. Scholia in tiny Greek uncial in a current expert hand (fol. 307r–v).
","Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Used for rewriting at the beginning of the eighth century, probably at Luxeuil or region. It was at Verona by the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/847.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/847.jpg 848,549,Uncial,VII,601,700,4,500,"Origin uncertain, probably France. Used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, at the beginning of the eighth century. It was at Verona by the ninth century.",3,,,"Tractatus Philosophicus (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66607",,"fol. 323",,,"Script is a bold, rather crude and inexpert uncial of an exotic type: the bow of uncial **A** is round; the two bows of **B** meet and do not touch the upright; the top of **T** is yoke-shaped.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/848,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/848,"Script is a bold, rather crude and inexpert uncial of an exotic type: the bow of uncial A is round; the two bows of B meet and do not touch the upright; the top of T is yoke-shaped.
","Origin uncertain, probably France. Used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, at the beginning of the eighth century. It was at Verona by the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/848.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/848.jpg 849,550,"Rustic Capital","V ex",576,600,4,501,"Origin uncertain, probably France. The leaves were used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, in the beginning of the eighth century; they were at Verona by the ninth century.",3,,,"Euclides, Elementa (11–13).",Parchment,,,"TM 66608",,"fol. 326v ",,,"Script is a careful, though not very expert, Rustic capital: **H** has a square form; **M** and **N** are rather broad; **U** approaches the uncial form.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/849,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/849,"Script is a careful, though not very expert, Rustic capital: H has a square form; M and N are rather broad; U approaches the uncial form.
","Origin uncertain, probably France. The leaves were used for rewriting, probably at Luxeuil or region, in the beginning of the eighth century; they were at Verona by the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/849.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/849.jpg 850,551,Half-Uncial,VIII,701,800,4,502,"Written doubtless in the same scriptorium as [Verona VII (7)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/829) and [XLVI (44)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/851), probably at Verona. The MS was repaired in the Vatican.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, De Cura Pastorali (7–65).",Parchment,,,"TM 66609",,"Image from both halves of fol. 10v ",,,"Script is a degenerate half-uncial lapsing into minuscule: noteworthy is the frequent use of uncial **g**, though minuscule **g** is not infrequent; **i**-longa is used regularly, initially even before **l** as in 'Ille' and medially as in 'conIugiis'; **n** is always minuscule; the shoulder of **r** often extends above the next letter; **z** has the characteristic North Italian form (fol. 80) recalling Vercelli 183 (CLA [4.469](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/816)); ligatures are freely used— **ꞅꞅ** run together and resemble a ligature of **ns**, a North Italian feature; shafts of tall letters are sometimes wedge-shaped, sometimes topped by a hair-line. The style of script varies considerably throughout the MS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/850,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/850,"Script is a degenerate half-uncial lapsing into minuscule: noteworthy is the frequent use of uncial g, though minuscule g is not infrequent; i-longa is used regularly, initially even before l as in 'Ille' and medially as in 'conIugiis'; n is always minuscule; the shoulder of r often extends above the next letter; z has the characteristic North Italian form (fol. 80) recalling Vercelli 183 (CLA 4.469); ligatures are freely used— ꞅꞅ run together and resemble a ligature of ns, a North Italian feature; shafts of tall letters are sometimes wedge-shaped, sometimes topped by a hair-line. The style of script varies considerably throughout the MS.
","Written doubtless in the same scriptorium as Verona VII (7) and XLVI (44), probably at Verona. The MS was repaired in the Vatican.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/850.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/850.jpg 851,552,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,4,503,"Written doubtless in the same scriptorium as [Verona VII (7)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/829) and [XLII (40)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/850), probably at Verona.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi.",Parchment,,,"TM 66610",,"fol. 80 ",,,"Script, manifestly by the hand that wrote Verona VII (7), CLA [4.482](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/829), is an uncalligraphic uncial with the letters hanging from the line instead of resting on it: the top of **T** forms a loop to the left, as in pre-Caroline minuscule; **X** swings down below the line; **LL** occasionally run together; descenders often extend into the line below.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/851,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/851,"Script, manifestly by the hand that wrote Verona VII (7), CLA 4.482, is an uncalligraphic uncial with the letters hanging from the line instead of resting on it: the top of T forms a loop to the left, as in pre-Caroline minuscule; X swings down below the line; LL occasionally run together; descenders often extend into the line below.
","Written doubtless in the same scriptorium as Verona VII (7) and XLII (40), probably at Verona.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/851.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/851.jpg 852,553,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,4,504,"Origin uncertain. The Arian character of the sermon and homilies and the presence of Gothic marginalia would suggest a centre in North Italy, and two considerations point to Verona: the MS was preserved there and Verona is known to have favoured the Arian heresy. The coincidence that an Arian treatise also exists in a palimpsest from Bobbio (CLA [1.31](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/39)) and sloping Gothic uncial in another Bobbio palimpsest (CLA [3.365](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703)), might be explained by assuming Verona as their common origin. The MS was apparently in Verona by the eighth century, to judge by annotations. Repaired in the Vatican in recent times.",1,,,"Maximinus Arrianus, Homiliae; Hieronymus; Augustinus, Sermones (250); Apostolorum constitutiones et canones; Nomina Apostolorum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66611",,"foll. 19v and 27 ",,,"Script is expert uncial, not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed, that of **P** is open; the tail of **𐌾** is thin and long; the top of **T** is small and wavy; suprascript **u** is V-shaped. Contemporary Gothic marginal notes in sloping uncial, many erased, were entered opposite the beginning of several homilies, sloping Gothic is also found in Ambros. S. 45 sup. (CLA [3.365](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/703)), a MS from Bobbio. Marginal notes in eighth-century cursive and minuscule on foll. 19v, 51v, 52, 133, 141 seem Veronese. The liturgical lesson on fol. 132v is in a rough cursive hand found in several Verona MSS (cf. CLA [4.493](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/841)), and is certainly Veronese. Stylus writing occurs; that on fol. 121 reads: 'uel fieri ipsi promiserit' (the opening words of the verso), with P for 'pro'. Notae Tironianae occur passim. Added points indicating voice inflexion are seen on foll. 25–27 ff .","☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 232: Cursive minuscule annotation on fol. 19v has Vetus Latina lection from Io 12.12–13. ☛Formerly Venice, Biblioteca Giustiniani Recanati without number.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/852,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/852,"Script is expert uncial, not of the very oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed, that of P is open; the tail of 𐌾 is thin and long; the top of T is small and wavy; suprascript u is V-shaped. Contemporary Gothic marginal notes in sloping uncial, many erased, were entered opposite the beginning of several homilies, sloping Gothic is also found in Ambros. S. 45 sup. (CLA 3.365), a MS from Bobbio. Marginal notes in eighth-century cursive and minuscule on foll. 19v, 51v, 52, 133, 141 seem Veronese. The liturgical lesson on fol. 132v is in a rough cursive hand found in several Verona MSS (cf. CLA 4.493), and is certainly Veronese. Stylus writing occurs; that on fol. 121 reads: 'uel fieri ipsi promiserit' (the opening words of the verso), with P for 'pro'. Notae Tironianae occur passim. Added points indicating voice inflexion are seen on foll. 25–27 ff .
","Origin uncertain. The Arian character of the sermon and homilies and the presence of Gothic marginalia would suggest a centre in North Italy, and two considerations point to Verona: the MS was preserved there and Verona is known to have favoured the Arian heresy. The coincidence that an Arian treatise also exists in a palimpsest from Bobbio (CLA 1.31) and sloping Gothic uncial in another Bobbio palimpsest (CLA 3.365), might be explained by assuming Verona as their common origin. The MS was apparently in Verona by the eighth century, to judge by annotations. Repaired in the Vatican in recent times.
","☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 232: Cursive minuscule annotation on fol. 19v has Vetus Latina lection from Io 12.12–13. ☛Formerly Venice, Biblioteca Giustiniani Recanati without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/852.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/852.jpg 853,554,"Early Mixed Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,4,505,"Written presumably in some Burgundian centre, to judge by the minuscule script on foll. 7–8 and by the textual affinities of the Regula. The MS must have reached Verona soon after it was written: on fol. 266v are two notes in the hand of Pacificus (†846). Some initials in the Liber Pontificalis and the use of uncial **ꝺ**, **N**, **R**, and **S** in a minuscule script suggest an Insular exemplar.",,,,"Liber Pontificalis (epitome); Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 2 Th); Isidorus, Contra Iudaeos (29); Regula S Benedicti; Itinerarium Burdigalense; Gregorius Magnus, Sermones (De Adventu Domini, In Natale Confessorum); Augustinus, Sermones (In Theophaniam, 160, 168, 184, 200); Maximus Taurinensis, Sermones; Isidorus, Sermones (De Passione Domini, In Evangelia); Damasus Papa, Epistula.",Parchment,,,"TM 66612",,"Image from fol. 7 and the opening, foll. 259v–260",,,"Script is a curious type of early minuscule of a transitional stage; the striking feature being the use of uncial **ꝺ**, **N**, **R**, and **S** in a minuscule alphabet; **ri** in ligature is the rule. The scribe who continues the text from the middle of line 2 on fol. 7 to fol. 8 writes a Burgundian pre-Caroline minuscule with a curious abbreviation and **m**-stroke shaped like a leaning c, also seen in Autun MSS [4](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1119), [20 A](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1123), [21 (+ Paris, Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1628](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1124)) and [23](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1126).",,3,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/853,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/853,"Script is a curious type of early minuscule of a transitional stage; the striking feature being the use of uncial ꝺ, N, R, and S in a minuscule alphabet; ri in ligature is the rule. The scribe who continues the text from the middle of line 2 on fol. 7 to fol. 8 writes a Burgundian pre-Caroline minuscule with a curious abbreviation and m-stroke shaped like a leaning c, also seen in Autun MSS 4, 20 A, 21 (+ Paris, Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1628) and 23.
","Written presumably in some Burgundian centre, to judge by the minuscule script on foll. 7–8 and by the textual affinities of the Regula. The MS must have reached Verona soon after it was written: on fol. 266v are two notes in the hand of Pacificus (†846). Some initials in the Liber Pontificalis and the use of uncial ꝺ, N, R, and S in a minuscule script suggest an Insular exemplar.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/853.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/853.jpg 854,555,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,4,506,"Written at the same time and in the same scriptorium as [Vatic. Lat. 1322](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/11), presumably at Verona. Both contain the late inscription 'de Verona', referring probably to an occasion when the MS was lent out by Verona. The companion MS in the Vatican presumably left Verona for Rome with some of the Maffei family. Two other Verona MSS belong in this group: [XXII (20)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/838) and [LIX (57)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/860).",,,,"Facundus Hermianensis, In Defensione Trium Capitulorum, Contra Mucianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66613",,"fol. 212v ",,,"Script is a pleasant well-formed half-uncial: **a** is closed; the hasta of **f** is high; **g** is uncial; the shoulder of **r** is angular; the curve of **ꞅ** is broad and graceful; **ꞇ** often rises above the line; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped. On fol. 301 stands the entry '+ Ego domnessemus scripsi hanc uersicola' and other probationes pennae in eighth-century cursive. The entry on fol. 300v (Is 55.1–2) is in a hand of the time of Pacificus (†846). Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Marchi, I manoscritti della biblioteca capitolare di Verona p. 104 no. LIII (51).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/854,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/854,"Script is a pleasant well-formed half-uncial: a is closed; the hasta of f is high; g is uncial; the shoulder of r is angular; the curve of ꞅ is broad and graceful; ꞇ often rises above the line; shafts of tall letters are club-shaped. On fol. 301 stands the entry '+ Ego domnessemus scripsi hanc uersicola' and other probationes pennae in eighth-century cursive. The entry on fol. 300v (Is 55.1–2) is in a hand of the time of Pacificus (†846). Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written at the same time and in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Lat. 1322, presumably at Verona. Both contain the late inscription 'de Verona', referring probably to an occasion when the MS was lent out by Verona. The companion MS in the Vatican presumably left Verona for Rome with some of the Maffei family. Two other Verona MSS belong in this group: XXII (20) and LIX (57).
","☛Marchi, I manoscritti della biblioteca capitolare di Verona p. 104 no. LIII (51).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/854.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/854.jpg 857,556,"Uncial, Half-Uncial, and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,4,507,"Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona, and presumably copied from a Visigothic examplar.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae (1.21–3.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66614",,"foll. 6v and 52v ",,,"Script is in different hands, all uncalligraphic, using uncial on foll. 1–5v, half-uncial on foll. 5v–20v (top 3 lines), with imitation half-uncial on the rest of the page, lastly cursive minuscule on foll. 21–97v; in the uncial part **LL** run together; the cross of **X** is long and extends below the line; the half-uncial is practically minuscule; the cursive minuscule is of the North Italian variety with numerous ligatures with **i** and with **t** (cf. CLA [4.425](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/771), [427](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/773), [428](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/774)); the ligature **ti** is used indifferently for both the hard and soft ti; the first line of each section is in uncial; the cursive hand, especially on fol. 42 manifestly follows a Visigothic model.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/857,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/857,"Script is in different hands, all uncalligraphic, using uncial on foll. 1–5v, half-uncial on foll. 5v–20v (top 3 lines), with imitation half-uncial on the rest of the page, lastly cursive minuscule on foll. 21–97v; in the uncial part LL run together; the cross of X is long and extends below the line; the half-uncial is practically minuscule; the cursive minuscule is of the North Italian variety with numerous ligatures with i and with t (cf. CLA 4.425, 427, 428); the ligature ti is used indifferently for both the hard and soft ti; the first line of each section is in uncial; the cursive hand, especially on fol. 42 manifestly follows a Visigothic model.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, perhaps at Verona, and presumably copied from a Visigothic examplar.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/857.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/857.jpg 859,557,"Half-Uncial and Uncial","V ex (ante 486)",476,485,4,508,"Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The MS must have been written before 486, as the list of consuls added on fol. 89, the first leaf of the main MS, ends with that year; the continuation, extending to Asterius 494, is by a somewhat later and less formal hand.",2,,,"Didascalia Apostolorum; Canones Apostolorum; Fasti Consulares.",Parchment,,,"TM 66615",,"Image from fol. 99v (Didascalia) and fol. 89v (Fasti Consulares)",,,"Script is a small, delicately penned half-uncial: **a** has the uncial form; **Ᵹ** is a short letter; **m** is almost uncial; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin and low; the top of **ꞇ** is a hair-line. The uncial of the Fasti Consulares is apparently by a contemporary hand: it is bold and clear but not very expert; the oblique of **N** is thin.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/859,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/859,"Script is a small, delicately penned half-uncial: a has the uncial form; Ᵹ is a short letter; m is almost uncial; the oblique stroke of N is thin and low; the top of ꞇ is a hair-line. The uncial of the Fasti Consulares is apparently by a contemporary hand: it is bold and clear but not very expert; the oblique of N is thin.
","Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The MS must have been written before 486, as the list of consuls added on fol. 89, the first leaf of the main MS, ends with that year; the continuation, extending to Asterius 494, is by a somewhat later and less formal hand.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/859.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/859.jpg 860,558,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,4,509,"Written presumably at Verona. Belongs to the same group as [Verona XXII (20)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/838), [LIII (51)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/854) and its companion MS Vatic. Lat. 1322 (CLA [1.8](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/11)). Was certainly at Verona in the time of Archdeacon Pacificus (†846).",1,,,"Acta Concilii Chalcedonensis; Vigilius Tapsensis; Athanasius, Apologia contra Arianos; Ambrosius, Ad Gratianum; Amphilochius, Sermones; Ps- Athanasius, De Symbolo; Cyrillus Alexandrinus, Epistulae; Quirillus, Opus Incertum; Theodoretus, Epistula; Gregorius Nazianenzus, Commentarius in Epistulam ad Philippenses.",Parchment,,,"TM 66616",,"fol. 134v",,,"Notae Tironianae on many pages. Marginalia by Pacificus passim (see CLA plate).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/860,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/860,"Notae Tironianae on many pages. Marginalia by Pacificus passim (see CLA plate).
","Written presumably at Verona. Belongs to the same group as Verona XXII (20), LIII (51) and its companion MS Vatic. Lat. 1322 (CLA 1.8). Was certainly at Verona in the time of Archdeacon Pacificus (†846).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/860.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/860.jpg 861,559,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,4,510,"Origin not improbably Verona. The subscription on fol. 126v ending: 'Theodosius indignus diaconus fecit' may be the scribe’s, but it more probably refers to the compilation of the contents in the archetype, which was presumably African. The MS is highly irregular in many ways. It seems to have been little studied before it fell into the hands of Ratherius in the middle of tenth century.",1,,,"Theodosius Diaconus, Collectio Canonum Conciliorum Africana.",Parchment,,,"TM 66617",,"fol. 42 ",,,"Script is an ungainly uncial with a number of late features: the third stroke of **N** often cuts the oblique and resembles an elongated comma; the top of **T** has a downward finial at either end; **FF** and **LL** run together. Some eighth-century cursive entries of a type seen in other Verona MSS are found on foll. 35v, 119v, etc.; most marginal insertions are of the tenth century.","☛P. Van Nuffelen, Klio 84 (2002), p. 125–127.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/861,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/861,"Script is an ungainly uncial with a number of late features: the third stroke of N often cuts the oblique and resembles an elongated comma; the top of T has a downward finial at either end; FF and LL run together. Some eighth-century cursive entries of a type seen in other Verona MSS are found on foll. 35v, 119v, etc.; most marginal insertions are of the tenth century.
","Origin not improbably Verona. The subscription on fol. 126v ending: 'Theodosius indignus diaconus fecit' may be the scribe’s, but it more probably refers to the compilation of the contents in the archetype, which was presumably African. The MS is highly irregular in many ways. It seems to have been little studied before it fell into the hands of Ratherius in the middle of tenth century.
","☛P. Van Nuffelen, Klio 84 (2002), p. 125–127.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/861.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/861.jpg 863,560,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,4,511,"Written in North Italy, most likely at Verona, and apparently from a Spanish archetype, to judge from subject matter, certain abbreviations, and the type of abbreviation-stroke used by one of the scribes.",1,,,"Collectio Canonum—Epitome Hispana.",Parchment,,,"TM 66618",,"Image from the opening, foll. 68v and 69",,,"The uncial script is particularly irregular and ungainly: the bow of **A** is horizontal and lifted; the last stroke of **N** is comma-like and cuts the oblique above the base-line; the top of **T** is yoke-like; **FF** and **LL** run together; the contemporary half-uncial at the end (foll. 69–76) is expert and calligraphic: **d** and **g** are both uncial and half-uncial; **m** is invariably uncial; **z** resembles Arabic 2; the chief characteristic of the script is the angularity of certain round letters, recalling Insular calligraphy. Fol. 1v, originally blank, has been filled by two hands writing early minuscule saec. VIII, probably at Verona. There are also notes by hands of the school of Pacificus (†846), if not by Pacificus himself.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/863,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/863,"The uncial script is particularly irregular and ungainly: the bow of A is horizontal and lifted; the last stroke of N is comma-like and cuts the oblique above the base-line; the top of T is yoke-like; FF and LL run together; the contemporary half-uncial at the end (foll. 69–76) is expert and calligraphic: d and g are both uncial and half-uncial; m is invariably uncial; z resembles Arabic 2; the chief characteristic of the script is the angularity of certain round letters, recalling Insular calligraphy. Fol. 1v, originally blank, has been filled by two hands writing early minuscule saec. VIII, probably at Verona. There are also notes by hands of the school of Pacificus (†846), if not by Pacificus himself.
","Written in North Italy, most likely at Verona, and apparently from a Spanish archetype, to judge from subject matter, certain abbreviations, and the type of abbreviation-stroke used by one of the scribes.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/863.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/863.jpg 864,561,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,4,512,"Origin uncertain, most likely Verona, to judge by the family resemblance to CLA [4.476](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/823) and [478](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/825). Certain palaeographical features clearly point to a North Italian centre; the angular initials and the bent shafts of **b** and **l** suggest Insular influence. The MS has been much disfigured by reagent, rendering many pages almost illegible. Repaired in the Vatican in recent times.",1,,,"Cresconius, Concordantia Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66619",,"fol. 84 ",,,"Script is a curious, expert cursive minuscule full of ligatures: **a** is mostly suprascript or rests on its side when in ligature; the stem of **b** and of **l** bends; the shoulder of **r** extends over the following letter, the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for both the soft and hard ti; the form of **z** resembling Arabic 2 and the **ꞅꞅ** ligature are distinctly North Italian features (cf. CLA [3.**322](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/605)). Numerous minuscule corrections and additions by various readers.","☛CLA 4 p. VI, 'It is open to dispute whether items 3.323b and 4.512 should be called ""pre-Caroline minuscule"" rather than ""cursive minuscule"".'",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/864,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/864,"Script is a curious, expert cursive minuscule full of ligatures: a is mostly suprascript or rests on its side when in ligature; the stem of b and of l bends; the shoulder of r extends over the following letter, the ti ligature is used indifferently for both the soft and hard ti; the form of z resembling Arabic 2 and the ꞅꞅ ligature are distinctly North Italian features (cf. CLA 3.**322). Numerous minuscule corrections and additions by various readers.
","Origin uncertain, most likely Verona, to judge by the family resemblance to CLA 4.476 and 478. Certain palaeographical features clearly point to a North Italian centre; the angular initials and the bent shafts of b and l suggest Insular influence. The MS has been much disfigured by reagent, rendering many pages almost illegible. Repaired in the Vatican in recent times.
","☛CLA 4 p. VI, 'It is open to dispute whether items 3.323b and 4.512 should be called "pre-Caroline minuscule" rather than "cursive minuscule".'
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/864.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/864.jpg 865,562,Uncial,VI,501,600,4,513,"Written presumably in the same Greek centre that produced the Laurentian Digests and the Verona Gaius, probably Byzantium, and manifestly remained in use in such a centre.",,,,"Codex Iustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 66620",,"fol. 16 ",,,"Script is a small calligraphic uncial of a definite type found in a number of legal MSS, the most eminent examples being the [Gaius of Verona](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835) and the [Laurentian Digests](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627): characteristic are the tall **B**, and **R** with the last stroke horizontal; **R** and **S** near the end of a line are sometimes half-uncial. In the rubrics in Rustic capital, **E** invariably has the uncial form; some rubrics are in b-d uncial; copious Greek scholia in sloping uncial are full of abbreviations.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/865,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/865,"Script is a small calligraphic uncial of a definite type found in a number of legal MSS, the most eminent examples being the Gaius of Verona and the Laurentian Digests: characteristic are the tall B, and R with the last stroke horizontal; R and S near the end of a line are sometimes half-uncial. In the rubrics in Rustic capital, E invariably has the uncial form; some rubrics are in b-d uncial; copious Greek scholia in sloping uncial are full of abbreviations.
","Written presumably in the same Greek centre that produced the Laurentian Digests and the Verona Gaius, probably Byzantium, and manifestly remained in use in such a centre.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/865.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/865.jpg 866,563,Uncial,VI²,551,600,4,514,"Origin uncertain, possibly Verona. Early connection with Verona is attested by the script of the seventh-century liturgical additions and confirmed by the probationes pennae.",1,,,"Sacramentarium 'Leonianum'.",Parchment,"Sacramentarium Leonianum.",,"TM 66621",,"fol. 21 ",,,"Script is an easy, informal uncial, unusual in liturgical volumes, suggesting that the copy was designed for private use; and the puzzling symbols in the margin and at the end of prayers—F E SP (fol. 32), P SP FE (fol. 37), P S F E (fol. 56), and P E F SP (fol. 56v), etc.—may be cross-references to the archetype. Contemporary uncial and half-uncial marginal comments of ascetical or doctrinal nature, out of place in a book for public liturgical use, are seen on foll. 46, 56, 86, etc. The lower half of fol. 139 and all of 139v contain a continuation of the liturgical text, in different ink, by a seventh-century hand, using mixed uncial and half-uncial, showing the form of **Ᵹ** and **N** used by Ursicinus (see CLA [4.494](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/842)), and a symbol for 'per' made by **p** with a pennant-like line through the bow, an abbreviation found in CLA [4.506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/854). On foll. 20, 21, 129 are probationes pennae in North Italian, probably Veronese, cursive saec. VIII; the type of the cursive minuscule on fol. 24v is also seen in [Verona XIII (11)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/831); and the same page has a Latin entry in Greek letters, by the same hand as made the entry in CLA [4.477](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/824), which refers no doubt to Egino, Bishop of Verona (†802). Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Gamber, CLLA 601.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/866,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866,"Script is an easy, informal uncial, unusual in liturgical volumes, suggesting that the copy was designed for private use; and the puzzling symbols in the margin and at the end of prayers—F E SP (fol. 32), P SP FE (fol. 37), P S F E (fol. 56), and P E F SP (fol. 56v), etc.—may be cross-references to the archetype. Contemporary uncial and half-uncial marginal comments of ascetical or doctrinal nature, out of place in a book for public liturgical use, are seen on foll. 46, 56, 86, etc. The lower half of fol. 139 and all of 139v contain a continuation of the liturgical text, in different ink, by a seventh-century hand, using mixed uncial and half-uncial, showing the form of Ᵹ and N used by Ursicinus (see CLA 4.494), and a symbol for 'per' made by p with a pennant-like line through the bow, an abbreviation found in CLA 4.506. On foll. 20, 21, 129 are probationes pennae in North Italian, probably Veronese, cursive saec. VIII; the type of the cursive minuscule on fol. 24v is also seen in Verona XIII (11); and the same page has a Latin entry in Greek letters, by the same hand as made the entry in CLA 4.477, which refers no doubt to Egino, Bishop of Verona (†802). Notae Tironianae occur.
","Origin uncertain, possibly Verona. Early connection with Verona is attested by the script of the seventh-century liturgical additions and confirmed by the probationes pennae.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 601.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/866.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/866.jpg 867,564,"Visigothic Minuscule","VIII in (ante 737)",700,737,4,515,"Written in Spain, perhaps at Tarragona, to judge from the interest shown in St Fructuosus. The later history of the MS emerges from a study of the additions: on fol. 1 is the added cursive entry 'fl. (flavius) sergius bicidominus scē ēcl. caralitane', which suggests that the MS was once in Cagliari; on fol. 3v is the puzzling entry: 'Maurezo caneuarius fidiiosor (=fideiussor) de anfora uino de bonello in 20 anno liutprandi regis' (i.e. 731–732); Mauricius is known from a Pisa charter of the year 730 (Archiv. Arcivesc. Pisa 3). The MS travelled then from Sardinia to Pisa and must have reached Verona during the eighth century as the probationes pennae on foll. 4 and 112v go to show. The entry at the top of fol. 3 in eighth-century cursive furnishes perhaps the oldest example of Italian vernacular: 'Separeba boues alba pratalia araba et albo uersorio teneba et negro semen seminaba'.",,,,"Orationale Mozarabicum; Liber Missae Visigothicus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66622",,"foll. 3v and 117",,,"Script is the earliest example of Visigothic minuscule to which a date can be accurately assigned; all the familiar Visigothic features are present: **d** has two forms; **g** is always uncial, the Visigothic shibboleth; **i**-longa is used initially (but avoided when followed by a tall letter) and medially for the semivocal sound; suprascript **u** is v-shaped; shafts of tall letters are club shaped; numerous ligatures with **t**: **te** is very frequent, **at** is characteristic; no distinction is made between the soft and hard sounds of **ti**. Numerous marginalia of a liturgical nature in contemporary Visigothic. 'Giso presbiter' occurs twice on fol. 9 as a probatio pennae saec. VIII. On fol. 112 is a probatio pennae in ninth-century Caroline: 'IN NAT. Scē natalie.' Many pages have what may be either Notae Tironianae or early examples of neumes in red and black. The prefixed three leaves and the recto of fol. 4, the first of the MS proper, show various Visigothic scripts; on fol. 3 is a Rose of the winds with four heads in outline and the accompanying names in uncial.","☛A. Petrucci-C. Romeo, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998), pp. 13–30 (Visigothic part). ☛Gamber, CLLA 330, Suppl. 304*.",,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/867,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/867,"Script is the earliest example of Visigothic minuscule to which a date can be accurately assigned; all the familiar Visigothic features are present: d has two forms; g is always uncial, the Visigothic shibboleth; i-longa is used initially (but avoided when followed by a tall letter) and medially for the semivocal sound; suprascript u is v-shaped; shafts of tall letters are club shaped; numerous ligatures with t: te is very frequent, at is characteristic; no distinction is made between the soft and hard sounds of ti. Numerous marginalia of a liturgical nature in contemporary Visigothic. 'Giso presbiter' occurs twice on fol. 9 as a probatio pennae saec. VIII. On fol. 112 is a probatio pennae in ninth-century Caroline: 'IN NAT. Scē natalie.' Many pages have what may be either Notae Tironianae or early examples of neumes in red and black. The prefixed three leaves and the recto of fol. 4, the first of the MS proper, show various Visigothic scripts; on fol. 3 is a Rose of the winds with four heads in outline and the accompanying names in uncial.
","Written in Spain, perhaps at Tarragona, to judge from the interest shown in St Fructuosus. The later history of the MS emerges from a study of the additions: on fol. 1 is the added cursive entry 'fl. (flavius) sergius bicidominus scē ēcl. caralitane', which suggests that the MS was once in Cagliari; on fol. 3v is the puzzling entry: 'Maurezo caneuarius fidiiosor (=fideiussor) de anfora uino de bonello in 20 anno liutprandi regis' (i.e. 731–732); Mauricius is known from a Pisa charter of the year 730 (Archiv. Arcivesc. Pisa 3). The MS travelled then from Sardinia to Pisa and must have reached Verona during the eighth century as the probationes pennae on foll. 4 and 112v go to show. The entry at the top of fol. 3 in eighth-century cursive furnishes perhaps the oldest example of Italian vernacular: 'Separeba boues alba pratalia araba et albo uersorio teneba et negro semen seminaba'.
","☛A. Petrucci-C. Romeo, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998), pp. 13–30 (Visigothic part). ☛Gamber, CLLA 330, Suppl. 304*.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/867.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/867.jpg 868,565,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,4,516,"Origin uncertain, presumably Verona, to judge by the presence of the same script in the [Verona Hilary](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/831) and [Leonian Sacramentary](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866), two MSS whose connection with Verona in the eighth century cannot be doubted. It was presented to the Chapter Library by Scipio Maffei. Removed by Napoleon and restored in 1815.",1,,,"Claudianus, Carmina; Cato, Distycha.",Parchment,,,"TM 66623",,"foll. 8v–9",,,"Script is an inexpert, individual pre-Caroline minuscule, the most distinctive feature being the backward slope of **h** and **i**-longa: **a** resembles contiguous oc; the back of **c** has often a curious tag; **d** is regularly uncial; **g** is half-uncial; **i**-longa is the rule initially; the ligature **ti** is used indifferently for soft and hard ti. This type of script, perhaps by the same scribe, is to be seen in the marginalia of two Verona MSS: XIII (11) and LXXXV (80), CLA [4.484](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/831), [514](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/866).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/868,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/868,"Script is an inexpert, individual pre-Caroline minuscule, the most distinctive feature being the backward slope of h and i-longa: a resembles contiguous oc; the back of c has often a curious tag; d is regularly uncial; g is half-uncial; i-longa is the rule initially; the ligature ti is used indifferently for soft and hard ti. This type of script, perhaps by the same scribe, is to be seen in the marginalia of two Verona MSS: XIII (11) and LXXXV (80), CLA 4.484, 514.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Verona, to judge by the presence of the same script in the Verona Hilary and Leonian Sacramentary, two MSS whose connection with Verona in the eighth century cannot be doubted. It was presented to the Chapter Library by Scipio Maffei. Removed by Napoleon and restored in 1815.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/4/868.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/4/868.jpg 869,619,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,5,**105,"Written in France, probably in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 6413 (see CLA [5.567](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929)). The Paris part, the appendix to the [Gelasian Sacramentary](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118), was already separated from the Vatican MS in 1651 when Morin described it. It bore the number 4313 in the Colbert collection and 5366.5 in the Royal Library (see fol. 1).",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum; Exorcismus et Poenitentiale.",Parchment,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",,"TM 66200",,"fol. 48v ",,http://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Reg.lat.316,"Script is a characteristic careful uncial described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)) and in the [previous item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929) with the characteristic **N** whose two uprights lean towards each other; the **NT** ligature is formed by a small suprascript **t** over the last stroke of **N** (as in Paris, Lat. 2110-CLA [5.541](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900)); **Y** is dotted and is either v-shaped or with stem below the base-line. For other details see CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118).","☛Gamber, CLLA 610. ☛R. McKitterick, 'Nuns' Scriptoria in England and Francia' [Francia 19 (1992) 1–35](http://francia.digitale-sammlungen.de/Blatt_bsb00016296,00011.html) argues for Jouarre origin.",,,,,118,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/869,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/869,"Script is a characteristic careful uncial described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105) and in the previous item with the characteristic N whose two uprights lean towards each other; the NT ligature is formed by a small suprascript t over the last stroke of N (as in Paris, Lat. 2110-CLA 5.541); Y is dotted and is either v-shaped or with stem below the base-line. For other details see CLA 1.105.
","Written in France, probably in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 6413 (see CLA 5.567). The Paris part, the appendix to the Gelasian Sacramentary, was already separated from the Vatican MS in 1651 when Morin described it. It bore the number 4313 in the Colbert collection and 5366.5 in the Royal Library (see fol. 1).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 610. ☛R. McKitterick, 'Nuns' Scriptoria in England and Francia' Francia 19 (1992) 1–35 argues for Jouarre origin.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/869.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/869.jpg 870,750,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,5,**163,"Written in South-east France in the region that produced the Luxeuil Lectionary (CLA [5.579](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943)) and the Ivrea Gregory (CLA [3.300](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/632)). The fragment in N.A. Lat. 2243 was acquired from a Paris bookseller in 1881; the provenance of the fragment in N.A. Lat. 2388 is unknown. For further details see under British Museum Add. MS 11878 (CLA [2.163](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478)).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.1–24.51).",Parchment,,,"TM 66267",,"Image from MS. N.A. Lat. 2243, foll. 1v-2",,http://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:53770261$1,"Script is a rapid minuscule known as the 'Luxeuil' type: **a** is narrow and leans back; **b** and **o** occur with a tag to the right; suprascript sickle-shaped **u** is frequent; **y** is v-shaped; **i**-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; **ti** ligature occurs for both hard and soft sounds of ti.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700.",,,8,,478,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/870,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/870,"Script is a rapid minuscule known as the 'Luxeuil' type: a is narrow and leans back; b and o occur with a tag to the right; suprascript sickle-shaped u is frequent; y is v-shaped; i-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; ti ligature occurs for both hard and soft sounds of ti.
","Written in South-east France in the region that produced the Luxeuil Lectionary (CLA 5.579) and the Ivrea Gregory (CLA 3.300). The fragment in N.A. Lat. 2243 was acquired from a Paris bookseller in 1881; the provenance of the fragment in N.A. Lat. 2388 is unknown. For further details see under British Museum Add. MS 11878 (CLA 2.163).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/870.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/870.jpg 871,647,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,**171,"Origin uncertain. Provenance Stavelot. For further details see CLA [2.171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/486), CLA [10.171 (p. 31)](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/150), CLA [S.171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1967). Previously catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.",0,,,"Paulus Orosius, Historiae Adversus Paganos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66275",,"Image from MS. Lat. 10399, fol. 3v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9072585p,"Script is a late type of uncial with fine hair-lines terminating descenders: the bow of uncial **A** often forms a triangle with the lower side resting on the line; the upper bow of **B** is triangular and the lower bulges to the right; **T** is tall at crowded line-ends; **FF** and **LL** run together; **OS** in ligature occurs even in mid-line; **ꞇ** suprascript and detached is seen at line-end; some initials of sentences have their stems intersected in the middle by a decorative stroke (**N** on fol. 3v).",,,,,,486,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/871,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/871,"Script is a late type of uncial with fine hair-lines terminating descenders: the bow of uncial A often forms a triangle with the lower side resting on the line; the upper bow of B is triangular and the lower bulges to the right; T is tall at crowded line-ends; FF and LL run together; OS in ligature occurs even in mid-line; ꞇ suprascript and detached is seen at line-end; some initials of sentences have their stems intersected in the middle by a decorative stroke (N on fol. 3v).
","Origin uncertain. Provenance Stavelot. For further details see CLA 2.171, CLA 10.171 (p. 31), CLA S.171. Previously catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/871.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/871.jpg 872,722,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,**4,"Written presumably in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. The Paris leaves once formed part of MS Lat. 13351, a MS from Corbie (St. Germain 1275): they were bound in a miscellaneous volume at the Bibliothèque Nationale during the first half of the nineteenth century. The Vatican leaves also came from Corbie.",,,,"Theodorus Mopsuestenus, In Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66098",,"Image from MS. Lat. 17177, fol. 5v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9065998b,"Script is a small, rapid, Continental Anglo-Saxon minuscule written with a fine pen: **ꝺ** is uncial, with the top curving strangely to the right; **r** resembles minuscule n; subscript **i** occurs here and there with **h**, **m**, and **n**.",,,,2,,6,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/872,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/872,"Script is a small, rapid, Continental Anglo-Saxon minuscule written with a fine pen: ꝺ is uncial, with the top curving strangely to the right; r resembles minuscule n; subscript i occurs here and there with h, m, and n.
","Written presumably in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. The Paris leaves once formed part of MS Lat. 13351, a MS from Corbie (St. Germain 1275): they were bound in a miscellaneous volume at the Bibliothèque Nationale during the first half of the nineteenth century. The Vatican leaves also came from Corbie.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/872.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/872.jpg 873,566,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",783,795,5,517,"Written in the Palace School manifestly for royal presentation to judge by the resemblance in script and decoration to Charlemagne's Godescalc Gospels (CLA [5.681](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067)). A twelfth-century note on fol. Av gives some details about the old binding: 'In hoc textu lapides sunt sexies viginti, III minus'. The MS is supposed to come from St Martin des Champs in Paris. It was MS Theologie No. 160A in the library of Marc-Antoine-René de Paulmy (†1787), now a part of the Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,"Évangéliaire de Saint-Martin-des-Champs.",,"TM 66648",,"fol. 55v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84559055,"Script is fine Caroline minuscule, greatly resembling the script of Godescalc (see CLA [5.68I](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067)): **a** formed by two contiguous c's predominates; tall, broken-backed **c** occurs; the lower half of **g** has the characteristic swing to the right; **N** is used even in mid-word; **y** is dotted and goes below the line; the **nt** ligature occurs even in mid-word. The smaller script of the prefatory matter is particularly delicate and graceful. **N** and **U** as capitals show a distinct Insular influence. The puzzling entry IVRICA in small Rustic capitals by the scribe occurs in the lower right-hand corner of fol. 57. Opposite Mt 27.35, on fol. 56, a contemporary scholar noted: 'hoc nec in quibusdam evangeliis nec in commentariis hieronimi nec in greco habetur'.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 55.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/873,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/873,"Script is fine Caroline minuscule, greatly resembling the script of Godescalc (see CLA 5.68I): a formed by two contiguous c's predominates; tall, broken-backed c occurs; the lower half of g has the characteristic swing to the right; N is used even in mid-word; y is dotted and goes below the line; the nt ligature occurs even in mid-word. The smaller script of the prefatory matter is particularly delicate and graceful. N and U as capitals show a distinct Insular influence. The puzzling entry IVRICA in small Rustic capitals by the scribe occurs in the lower right-hand corner of fol. 57. Opposite Mt 27.35, on fol. 56, a contemporary scholar noted: 'hoc nec in quibusdam evangeliis nec in commentariis hieronimi nec in greco habetur'.
","Written in the Palace School manifestly for royal presentation to judge by the resemblance in script and decoration to Charlemagne's Godescalc Gospels (CLA 5.681). A twelfth-century note on fol. Av gives some details about the old binding: 'In hoc textu lapides sunt sexies viginti, III minus'. The MS is supposed to come from St Martin des Champs in Paris. It was MS Theologie No. 160A in the library of Marc-Antoine-René de Paulmy (†1787), now a part of the Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 55.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/873.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/873.jpg 874,567,Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,518,"Origin uncertain. Acquired by Baluze (†1718); bought by the Bibliothèque Royale in 1719.",0,,,"Iulianus Antecessor, Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani (353–4, 359–60).",Parchment,,,"TM 66649",,"fol. 68 ",,,"Script is an uncial of a late type: the top of uncial **A** has a tiny hair-line to the right; the bow of **ꝺ** is broad; the foot of **L** ends in a downward finial; **S** leans curiously to the right.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/874,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/874,"Script is an uncial of a late type: the top of uncial A has a tiny hair-line to the right; the bow of ꝺ is broad; the foot of L ends in a downward finial; S leans curiously to the right.
","Origin uncertain. Acquired by Baluze (†1718); bought by the Bibliothèque Royale in 1719.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/874.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/874.jpg 875,568,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,5,519,"Written manifestly in an important western centre under Spanish influence, to judge by the abbreviations found. For later history see CLA [5.518](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/874).",,,,"Medica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66650",,"fol. 95v ",,,"Script is a rather careless uncial and letters do not follow the ruled line: the tail of **G** is short; the ligature uncial **AE** occurs in mid-line. A somewhat later uncial hand seen on fol. 95v wrote 7 lines in which **Bs** occurs for -bus.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/875,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/875,"Script is a rather careless uncial and letters do not follow the ruled line: the tail of G is short; the ligature uncial AE occurs in mid-line. A somewhat later uncial hand seen on fol. 95v wrote 7 lines in which Bs occurs for -bus.
","Written manifestly in an important western centre under Spanish influence, to judge by the abbreviations found. For later history see CLA 5.518.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/875.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/875.jpg 876,569,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,520,"Written manifestly in an important Western centre where Greek calligraphy was still practised. The manuscript was certainly in a French centre by the eighth century to judge by the probationes pennae. Once bound with [Paris Lat. 10592](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/969), formerly Coislin 185, a manuscript annotated by Florus of Lyon (see CLA [5.602](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/969)). Belonged to Séguier (†1672), then to Coislin, Bishop of Metz (†1732), who gave his manuscripts to St. Germain des Prés, whence it came with other St Germain volumes to the Bibliothèque Nationale where its earlier press-mark was 'Suppl. gr. 385', entered on fol. 156.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus. Pentateuchus. Psalterium Graeco-Latinum (Vetus Latina, Ps 18.13–72.10; Vulgata, Ex).",Parchment,,,"TM 62243",,"foll. 170v and 171",,,"Script is a bold and well-formed uncial on both Greek and Latin sides; some of the letters common to both alphabets are well differentiated, e.g. the **N** and **P**. Two interlinear corrections occur on fol. 169v. The marginal probatio pennae on fol. 175 is in French cursive saec. VIII; the one on fol. 181 in minuscule saec. VIII or IX reads: 'in di nomen auderaradus rogetus scripsit'.","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. grec 385 (foll. 156–244). ☛Cavallo, Ricerche sulla maiuscola biblica, 1967, p. 106.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/876,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/876,"Script is a bold and well-formed uncial on both Greek and Latin sides; some of the letters common to both alphabets are well differentiated, e.g. the N and P. Two interlinear corrections occur on fol. 169v. The marginal probatio pennae on fol. 175 is in French cursive saec. VIII; the one on fol. 181 in minuscule saec. VIII or IX reads: 'in di nomen auderaradus rogetus scripsit'.
","Written manifestly in an important Western centre where Greek calligraphy was still practised. The manuscript was certainly in a French centre by the eighth century to judge by the probationes pennae. Once bound with Paris Lat. 10592, formerly Coislin 185, a manuscript annotated by Florus of Lyon (see CLA 5.602). Belonged to Séguier (†1672), then to Coislin, Bishop of Metz (†1732), who gave his manuscripts to St. Germain des Prés, whence it came with other St Germain volumes to the Bibliothèque Nationale where its earlier press-mark was 'Suppl. gr. 385', entered on fol. 156.
","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. grec 385 (foll. 156–244). ☛Cavallo, Ricerche sulla maiuscola biblica, 1967, p. 106.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/876.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/876.jpg 877,570,"b-d Uncial",V,401,500,5,521,"Origin uncertain but manifestly in the West and possibly in South Italy. The manuscript was written in a centre where for centuries Greek was more familiar than Latin, but where pure Latin scripts were also known. On the other hand, the use of b-d uncials—also found in the Codex Bezae (CLA [2.140](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/453)), suggests an eccentric scriptorium. The MS was at Clermont near Beauvais in the sixteenth century. Came into the possession successively of Beza, Claude Dupuy, and his sons. Was bought before 1656 by Louis XIV for the Royal Library where its press-mark was 2245. Thirty-five leaves were stolen by Jean Aymon in 1707; one leaf was returned by Mr Stosch in 1720, the rest by Lord Harley in 1729.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli. (Vetus Latina, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr). Graece et Latine.",Parchment,"Codex Claromontanus. (D)",,"TM 65887",,"foll. 91v and 92",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84683111,"Script is a delicate expert b-d uncial written by a scribe trained to write Greek: letters **A**, **E**, **N**, **O**, **T** follow Greek canon and **I** occasionally has a diaeresis. **R** recalls the form used in the Florentine Digests and other legal MSS. Folio 6r, a restoration, is by a hand unaccustomed to writing Latin. Corrections by many hands. A Western hand saec. VI entered on foll. 467v–468v a stichometrical list of the books of the Bible. The Epistle to the Romans shows corrections (followed by **r͞ō**) in curious small cursive saec. VI or VII, in which the forms of **q** and the **st** ligature as well as certain abbreviations are noteworthy, e.g. **ꝓ**, **p̄** (fol. 62), for per, pro, **qͥ** for qui, and **–̇** to note omitted **M**. Some corrections and liturgical notes in mixed half-uncial in grey ink seen on foll. 38, 149, 173.","☛cf. J. Irigoin, La tradition des textes grecs, p. 444, 507–8. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 30.",,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/877,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/877,"Script is a delicate expert b-d uncial written by a scribe trained to write Greek: letters A, E, N, O, T follow Greek canon and I occasionally has a diaeresis. R recalls the form used in the Florentine Digests and other legal MSS. Folio 6r, a restoration, is by a hand unaccustomed to writing Latin. Corrections by many hands. A Western hand saec. VI entered on foll. 467v–468v a stichometrical list of the books of the Bible. The Epistle to the Romans shows corrections (followed by r͞ō) in curious small cursive saec. VI or VII, in which the forms of q and the st ligature as well as certain abbreviations are noteworthy, e.g. ꝓ, p̄ (fol. 62), for per, pro, qͥ for qui, and –̇ to note omitted M. Some corrections and liturgical notes in mixed half-uncial in grey ink seen on foll. 38, 149, 173.
","Origin uncertain but manifestly in the West and possibly in South Italy. The manuscript was written in a centre where for centuries Greek was more familiar than Latin, but where pure Latin scripts were also known. On the other hand, the use of b-d uncials—also found in the Codex Bezae (CLA 2.140), suggests an eccentric scriptorium. The MS was at Clermont near Beauvais in the sixteenth century. Came into the possession successively of Beza, Claude Dupuy, and his sons. Was bought before 1656 by Louis XIV for the Royal Library where its press-mark was 2245. Thirty-five leaves were stolen by Jean Aymon in 1707; one leaf was returned by Mr Stosch in 1720, the rest by Lord Harley in 1729.
","☛cf. J. Irigoin, La tradition des textes grecs, p. 444, 507–8. ☛Brown, In the Beginning No. 30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/877.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/877.jpg 878,571,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,5,522,"Written in East France probably in the centre that produced [MS Lat. 17654](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055) and the half-uncial group described under CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900). The manuscript was numbered 545 in the Baluze collection and 3703.2 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Ez 16.5–23.23).",Parchment,,,"TM 66651",,"fol. 2 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452765t,"Script is a bold uncial of a French type: the lower bow of **B** protrudes considerably, the upper is triangular; the tail of **G** often curves to the right; the second upright of **N** leans to the left; the cross stroke of **T** has a loop to the left; the lower left stroke of **X** turns to the right; **Y** is dotted and its right hand branch curves to the left at the head-line, the whole bearing strong resemblance to the script of MS Lat. 17654 (CLA [5.670](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/878,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878,"Script is a bold uncial of a French type: the lower bow of B protrudes considerably, the upper is triangular; the tail of G often curves to the right; the second upright of N leans to the left; the cross stroke of T has a loop to the left; the lower left stroke of X turns to the right; Y is dotted and its right hand branch curves to the left at the head-line, the whole bearing strong resemblance to the script of MS Lat. 17654 (CLA 5.670).
","Written in East France probably in the centre that produced MS Lat. 17654 and the half-uncial group described under CLA 5.541. The manuscript was numbered 545 in the Baluze collection and 3703.2 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/878.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/878.jpg 879,572,Uncial,V²,451,500,5,523,"Origin perhaps Lyon. Was probably at Lyon in the ninth century where it passed through the hands of Florus Diaconus. For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878).",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, In Psalmos (131–133).",Parchment,,,"TM 66652",,"fol. 15 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452765t,"Script is a careful and elegant but rather angular uncial of un-Italian type: descenders hardly go below the base-line; the upper bow of uncial **E** is small and often closed; the top stroke of **F** and the tail of **G** are barely indicated; the form of **N** is noteworthy; **P** and **R** are narrow; **Y** is undotted; ligatures of **US** and **UR** occur at line-ends. Brief marginalia of the ninth century in an elegant minuscule with uncial elements: it is believed to be the hand of Florus Diaconus. Critical marks in the text and margin are by the same hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/879,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/879,"Script is a careful and elegant but rather angular uncial of un-Italian type: descenders hardly go below the base-line; the upper bow of uncial E is small and often closed; the top stroke of F and the tail of G are barely indicated; the form of N is noteworthy; P and R are narrow; Y is undotted; ligatures of US and UR occur at line-ends. Brief marginalia of the ninth century in an elegant minuscule with uncial elements: it is believed to be the hand of Florus Diaconus. Critical marks in the text and margin are by the same hand.
","Origin perhaps Lyon. Was probably at Lyon in the ninth century where it passed through the hands of Florus Diaconus. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/879.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/879.jpg 880,573,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,524,"Written in France and most likely in the North. The manuscript was certainly in Gaul by the eighth century as liturgical entries in Merovingian charter hand suggest. On fol. 1 is seen the fifteenth-century St Denis press-mark: XIII. IIIc. IIIIxx. VI. The manuscript had the number 1895 in the Colbert collection and 3706.3.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 1.1–Io 7.39).",Parchment,,,"TM 66653",,"foll. 153v and 103v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426032f,"Script is a rather stiff and formal uncial in most of the manuscript, less formal on foll. 104–131v; descenders are long and thin; A in the formal hand recalls the Missale Gallicanum Vetus (CLA [1.92](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/104) and [93](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105)); **U** at line-ends is V-shaped here and there; **Y**, occasionally dotted, descends below the line and resembles half-uncial ꞅ. The end of a lesson on foll. 49v, 51v, is marked by 'finit' in unmistakable Merovingian cursive; similar cursive entries passim. Notae Tironianae on many pages (16v, 118, 167, I67v). On fol. 103v a Collect and Preface of a Missa de defunctis were added in crude cursive minuscule saec. VIII, with most barbaric spelling, e.g . hab, hanimam, haccipe, haquila, hysraillitas , hysaac, gabole (diaboli), gacob (jacob), gerusalem, uilculis (uinculis), segrita (secreta), conlogare, cahtoligam (catholicam), ecum (equum); **ci** occurs for ti.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/880,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/880,"Script is a rather stiff and formal uncial in most of the manuscript, less formal on foll. 104–131v; descenders are long and thin; A in the formal hand recalls the Missale Gallicanum Vetus (CLA 1.92 and 93); U at line-ends is V-shaped here and there; Y, occasionally dotted, descends below the line and resembles half-uncial ꞅ. The end of a lesson on foll. 49v, 51v, is marked by 'finit' in unmistakable Merovingian cursive; similar cursive entries passim. Notae Tironianae on many pages (16v, 118, 167, I67v). On fol. 103v a Collect and Preface of a Missa de defunctis were added in crude cursive minuscule saec. VIII, with most barbaric spelling, e.g . hab, hanimam, haccipe, haquila, hysraillitas , hysaac, gabole (diaboli), gacob (jacob), gerusalem, uilculis (uinculis), segrita (secreta), conlogare, cahtoligam (catholicam), ecum (equum); ci occurs for ti.
","Written in France and most likely in the North. The manuscript was certainly in Gaul by the eighth century as liturgical entries in Merovingian charter hand suggest. On fol. 1 is seen the fifteenth-century St Denis press-mark: XIII. IIIc. IIIIxx. VI. The manuscript had the number 1895 in the Colbert collection and 3706.3.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/880.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/880.jpg 881,574,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,525,"Written at Tours. The old press-marks 'XI' and '3934.2' of the Royal collection stand on fol. 1.",,47.3941,0.6848,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,"Évangiles de Saint-Martin de Tours.",,"TM 66654",,"foll. 77v and 112",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426284v,"Script is Caroline minuscule of the early Tours style with some half-uncial elements here and there: **a**, open **a** and half-uncial **a** are used; **d** is occasionally uncial; both minuscule and half-uncial **g** are used; **N** is frequent; one hand uses a characteristic form of **Z** with a dot on either side of the oblique stroke (foll. 162 ff.); the ligatures **em** (with open **e**), **ra**, **rꞇ**, **st** are used. Half-uncial, not, however, the clear-cut Tours type, occurs in the canon tables (foll. 24–25), in the preface and first page of Matthew and here and there in opening lines. Notae Tironianae: 'incipit praefatio' (fol. 11) and 'expliciunt capitula sancti evangelii secundum lohannem' (fol. 163). Neumes saec. X seen in the Lesson for Easter Sunday (fol. 107). Various names added saec. X on blank pages (foll. 204v, 205v) . On numerous pages are extensive entries saec. XII–XIII written with the dry stylus.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 57.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/881,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/881,"Script is Caroline minuscule of the early Tours style with some half-uncial elements here and there: a, open a and half-uncial a are used; d is occasionally uncial; both minuscule and half-uncial g are used; N is frequent; one hand uses a characteristic form of Z with a dot on either side of the oblique stroke (foll. 162 ff.); the ligatures em (with open e), ra, rꞇ, st are used. Half-uncial, not, however, the clear-cut Tours type, occurs in the canon tables (foll. 24–25), in the preface and first page of Matthew and here and there in opening lines. Notae Tironianae: 'incipit praefatio' (fol. 11) and 'expliciunt capitula sancti evangelii secundum lohannem' (fol. 163). Neumes saec. X seen in the Lesson for Easter Sunday (fol. 107). Various names added saec. X on blank pages (foll. 204v, 205v) . On numerous pages are extensive entries saec. XII–XIII written with the dry stylus.
","Written at Tours. The old press-marks 'XI' and '3934.2' of the Royal collection stand on fol. 1.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 57.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/881.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/881.jpg 883,575,"Uncial and Rustic Capital","VIII ex",776,800,5,526,"Written in England, to judge by script, abbreviation, manner of pricking, and kind of membranes used. The manuscript belongs textually to the Anglo-Saxon group. Was in the Abbey Church of La Trinité at Fécamp in Normandy: on fol. 1v of MS 298 (originally the last page) stands the fifteenth- or late fourteenth-century ex-libris, now in part illegible: 'Iste liber est de ecclesia sancte Trinitatis Fiscannensis.' Bought in the seventeenth century by Jean Bigot in whose collection it bore the number 5; it later bore the number 3706.2 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io, Act).",Parchment,"Codex Bigotianus.",,"TM 66655",,"Image from foll. 6 (Rustic Capital) and 204 (Uncial) of MS. Lat. 281",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8492142v,"Script is a bold, skilfully formed, large, roundish uncial of the imitative type with the pen cut for writing Greek rather than Latin: uncial **A** has a very pinched narrow bow; **ꝺ**, uncial **H**, uncial **M**, **O**, **P**, uncial **Q** have very round broad bows; the descenders of **F**, **P**, uncial **Q** are short; the hasta of **F** rests on the base-line; the strokes of **X** intersect almost at the head-line; the branches of **Y** rise from the base-line; suprascript **U** mostly at line-ends resembles flapping wings; the Prefaces are in artificial Rustic capital, using **A** with or without a cross-bar, **F** with an oblique ascending top and Kappa-shaped **H**; **L** often sweeps below the base-line; the bow of **P** is here and there open and s-shaped and rises above the head-line. In St Mark's account of the Passion the added letters **c**, **t**, **a** mark the change of voice in the liturgical chanting; the minuscule letters seem saec. IX or X.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 58.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/883,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/883,"Script is a bold, skilfully formed, large, roundish uncial of the imitative type with the pen cut for writing Greek rather than Latin: uncial A has a very pinched narrow bow; ꝺ, uncial H, uncial M, O, P, uncial Q have very round broad bows; the descenders of F, P, uncial Q are short; the hasta of F rests on the base-line; the strokes of X intersect almost at the head-line; the branches of Y rise from the base-line; suprascript U mostly at line-ends resembles flapping wings; the Prefaces are in artificial Rustic capital, using A with or without a cross-bar, F with an oblique ascending top and Kappa-shaped H; L often sweeps below the base-line; the bow of P is here and there open and s-shaped and rises above the head-line. In St Mark's account of the Passion the added letters c, t, a mark the change of voice in the liturgical chanting; the minuscule letters seem saec. IX or X.
","Written in England, to judge by script, abbreviation, manner of pricking, and kind of membranes used. The manuscript belongs textually to the Anglo-Saxon group. Was in the Abbey Church of La Trinité at Fécamp in Normandy: on fol. 1v of MS 298 (originally the last page) stands the fifteenth- or late fourteenth-century ex-libris, now in part illegible: 'Iste liber est de ecclesia sancte Trinitatis Fiscannensis.' Bought in the seventeenth century by Jean Bigot in whose collection it bore the number 5; it later bore the number 3706.2 in the Royal collection.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 58.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/883.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/883.jpg 884,576,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,5,527,"Written presumably in the same North Italian or Swiss centre as Paris Lat. 9451 (CLA [5.580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945)), and [Wolfenbüttel, 513 Helmst.](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1885) (Lex Alamannorum), to judge from script, abbreviations, and ornamentation. The binding bears the arms of Henry II (†1559). Former press-marks: Rigault DLXXXVIII, Dupuy 628, and Regius 3939 (see foll. 1-2).",,,,"Pelagius, In Epistulas Pauli (Hbr 1.1–4.3 partim Vetus Latina).",Parchment,,,"TM 66656",,"foll. 6v and 5 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8492141f,"Script is an early minuscule with several cursive elements by at least two hands: **a** resembles contiguous oc; **i**-longa is used initially, even in 'illa', and for the semivocal sound; **i** after **c** is small and almost subscript; **r** with the shoulder rising above the following letter as in the minuscule leaves of Paris Lat. 9451, and Verona 42 (CLA [5.580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945), [4.512](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/864)); **y** goes below the line; ascenders are tall and heavy; ligature **ri** is not infrequent; the **ti** ligature is used for soft ti; on fol. 1 are verses addressed to a prince (Charlemagne, according to Dümmler).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/884,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/884,"Script is an early minuscule with several cursive elements by at least two hands: a resembles contiguous oc; i-longa is used initially, even in 'illa', and for the semivocal sound; i after c is small and almost subscript; r with the shoulder rising above the following letter as in the minuscule leaves of Paris Lat. 9451, and Verona 42 (CLA 5.580, 4.512); y goes below the line; ascenders are tall and heavy; ligature ri is not infrequent; the ti ligature is used for soft ti; on fol. 1 are verses addressed to a prince (Charlemagne, according to Dümmler).
","Written presumably in the same North Italian or Swiss centre as Paris Lat. 9451 (CLA 5.580), and Wolfenbüttel, 513 Helmst. (Lex Alamannorum), to judge from script, abbreviations, and ornamentation. The binding bears the arms of Henry II (†1559). Former press-marks: Rigault DLXXXVIII, Dupuy 628, and Regius 3939 (see foll. 1-2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/884.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/884.jpg 885,577,"Caroline Minuscule","IX in",800,816,5,528,"Written in France in some centre of the Tours region, as script and decoration suggest. The precise date is fixed by the list of popes on foll. 6v–7; the last name by the original hand is that of Hadrian (†795), the name of Pope Leo (†816) is a later addition and the length of his pontificate is not given. Belonged to the Abbey of St Maur near Paris: on fol. 1v is the fourteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber est sancti Petri Fossaten'. Later the property of the tutor of Louis XIII, Nicolas Lefevre, who presented it to de Thou: 'fuit Nicolai Fabri' (fol. 1) and on the same page but almost entirely erased: 'Iac. Aug. Thuani'. Was number 1868 in the Colbert collection, and 3887.9.9 in the Royal collection (fol. 1).",,,,"Canones (Collectio S Mauri).",Parchment,,,"TM 66657",,"foll. 2 and 7 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84921438,"Script is Caroline minuscule with two forms of **a**; the bow of **g** is mostly closed; **y** is short and dotted; the form of capital **Z** with a dot on either side of the oblique is seen in several Tours MSS; the titles in uncial show frequent use of capital **Q** and an over-sized **S**. The Nota Tironiana on foll. 52v, 60v, 68v, 76v read 'Jacob', which is probably the name of the scribe. The Paris manuscript is a direct copy of MS Hague Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum 9 of the year 800, a date attested by the lost colophon.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/885,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/885,"Script is Caroline minuscule with two forms of a; the bow of g is mostly closed; y is short and dotted; the form of capital Z with a dot on either side of the oblique is seen in several Tours MSS; the titles in uncial show frequent use of capital Q and an over-sized S. The Nota Tironiana on foll. 52v, 60v, 68v, 76v read 'Jacob', which is probably the name of the scribe. The Paris manuscript is a direct copy of MS Hague Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum 9 of the year 800, a date attested by the lost colophon.
","Written in France in some centre of the Tours region, as script and decoration suggest. The precise date is fixed by the list of popes on foll. 6v–7; the last name by the original hand is that of Hadrian (†795), the name of Pope Leo (†816) is a later addition and the length of his pontificate is not given. Belonged to the Abbey of St Maur near Paris: on fol. 1v is the fourteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber est sancti Petri Fossaten'. Later the property of the tutor of Louis XIII, Nicolas Lefevre, who presented it to de Thou: 'fuit Nicolai Fabri' (fol. 1) and on the same page but almost entirely erased: 'Iac. Aug. Thuani'. Was number 1868 in the Colbert collection, and 3887.9.9 in the Royal collection (fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/885.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/885.jpg 886,578,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,529,"Written in North France, probably in the convent that produced the three Cologne manuscripts written by nuns for Archbishop Hildebald of Cologne (785–819) and also the Paris manuscript Lat. 18282 (CLA [5.674](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1059)). Belonged to Pithou whose autographed notes are in the manuscript. Later the property of Colbert in whose collection it was number 1863, and number 3887.14.14 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Concilia, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66658",,"fol. 2 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066891d,"Script is a pleasing Caroline minuscule of a distinct type by several hands: **a** has two forms, **a** and open **a**; the first upright of **N** leans to the right and descends well below the line. The uncial characters used for titles and colophons are in the distinctive type seen in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 (CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118) and 5, q.v.) and in MSS Lat. 12240 + 12241 and Lat. 18282 (CLA [5.639](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1016) and [5.674](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1059)): the two bows of uncial **M** rise branch-like above the stem; the second upright of **N** leans to the left or both uprights incline towards each other.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/886,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/886,"Script is a pleasing Caroline minuscule of a distinct type by several hands: a has two forms, a and open a; the first upright of N leans to the right and descends well below the line. The uncial characters used for titles and colophons are in the distinctive type seen in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 (CLA 1.105 and 5, q.v.) and in MSS Lat. 12240 + 12241 and Lat. 18282 (CLA 5.639 and 5.674): the two bows of uncial M rise branch-like above the stem; the second upright of N leans to the left or both uprights incline towards each other.
","Written in North France, probably in the convent that produced the three Cologne manuscripts written by nuns for Archbishop Hildebald of Cologne (785–819) and also the Paris manuscript Lat. 18282 (CLA 5.674). Belonged to Pithou whose autographed notes are in the manuscript. Later the property of Colbert in whose collection it was number 1863, and number 3887.14.14 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/886.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/886.jpg 887,579,"Early Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,530,"Written probably at Tours. The MS came from St Julien, Tours, as stated by Baluze in the copy he made of it in 1677. Was No. 3501 in the Colbert collection and later No. 4240.1 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Concilium Ephesinum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66659",,"fol. 14 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9078172j,"Script is an early Tours minuscule by several expert hands using **a** and the open **a** resembling two c's, two forms of **n** but mostly the uncial; **q** in ligature with **e** is open; suprascript **u** is sickle-shaped or v-like; **y** is short and sometimes dotted; Insular forms of **mi**, **ni** ligatures; ligatures of **te**, **ti**, **ri** are frequent; **i**-longa is used initially when semi-vocal.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/887,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/887,"Script is an early Tours minuscule by several expert hands using a and the open a resembling two c's, two forms of n but mostly the uncial; q in ligature with e is open; suprascript u is sickle-shaped or v-like; y is short and sometimes dotted; Insular forms of mi, ni ligatures; ligatures of te, ti, ri are frequent; i-longa is used initially when semi-vocal.
","Written probably at Tours. The MS came from St Julien, Tours, as stated by Baluze in the copy he made of it in 1677. Was No. 3501 in the Colbert collection and later No. 4240.1 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/887.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/887.jpg 888,580,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,531,"Origin probably North-east France. Provenance St Amand near Tournai: on fol. 7 stands the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Pertinet monasterio sancti amandi in pabula ordinis sancti benedicti tornacensis dyocesis’. The fifteenth-century St Amand press-mark M 176 is on fol. 1. Acquired by Le Tellier, Archbishop of Rheims (†1710), who gave it to the Royal Library. Was ‘Codex Telleriano-Remensis 264' and 4483.A in the Royal collection (see fol. 2).",,,,"Canones; Varia Liturgica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66660",,"Image from the opening, foll. 191v-192",,,"Script is an early and not very expert minuscule with some cursive elements: open **a** and **a**; here and there high-backed **c** and flat-topped **Ᵹ**; **y** is v-shaped and dotted, **z** has a semi-circular first and last stroke. In the uncial headings **N** and **R** have the oblique stroke almost horizontal. A later hand, saec. X–XI, added on the lower half of foll. 5v and 6r 'Breviculus contra duciaticum' (imprecations against the devil).","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI. ☛Martinus scribe (John 1995).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/888,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/888,"Script is an early and not very expert minuscule with some cursive elements: open a and a; here and there high-backed c and flat-topped Ᵹ; y is v-shaped and dotted, z has a semi-circular first and last stroke. In the uncial headings N and R have the oblique stroke almost horizontal. A later hand, saec. X–XI, added on the lower half of foll. 5v and 6r 'Breviculus contra duciaticum' (imprecations against the devil).
","Origin probably North-east France. Provenance St Amand near Tournai: on fol. 7 stands the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Pertinet monasterio sancti amandi in pabula ordinis sancti benedicti tornacensis dyocesis’. The fifteenth-century St Amand press-mark M 176 is on fol. 1. Acquired by Le Tellier, Archbishop of Rheims (†1710), who gave it to the Royal Library. Was ‘Codex Telleriano-Remensis 264' and 4483.A in the Royal collection (see fol. 2).
","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI. ☛Martinus scribe (John 1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/888.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/888.jpg 889,581,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,532,"Written probably in France, although Italy is not to be excluded. Belonged to de Thou (1553–1617): the ex-libris 'Jac. Aug. Thuani’ stands in the lower right-hand corner of fol. 1. The manuscript bore the number 855 in the Colbert collection and 3956.I.D. in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Origenes-Rufinus, Homiliae in Genesim (1.17–11.1).","Parchment ",,,"TM 66661",,"fol. 40 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90781714,"Script is a bold and heavy but well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial **A** often hangs above the base line; the lower bow of **B** is open; **ꝺ** is made with three strokes; the top stroke of **B**, **C**, uncial **E**, and **S** is a mere dot; the tail of **G** is very short; **N** is mostly broad; the last stroke of **R** is short and low; **T** and **I** juxtaposed resemble Greek π; **Y** is short and looks like minuscule ꞅ. The neumes added in the margins of foll. 30 and 41v are Italian, according to Dom Beyssac.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/889,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/889,"Script is a bold and heavy but well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial A often hangs above the base line; the lower bow of B is open; ꝺ is made with three strokes; the top stroke of B, C, uncial E, and S is a mere dot; the tail of G is very short; N is mostly broad; the last stroke of R is short and low; T and I juxtaposed resemble Greek π; Y is short and looks like minuscule ꞅ. The neumes added in the margins of foll. 30 and 41v are Italian, according to Dom Beyssac.
","Written probably in France, although Italy is not to be excluded. Belonged to de Thou (1553–1617): the ex-libris 'Jac. Aug. Thuani’ stands in the lower right-hand corner of fol. 1. The manuscript bore the number 855 in the Colbert collection and 3956.I.D. in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/889.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/889.jpg 890,582,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,533,"Written presumably in the Rhenish area and possibly in the Palace School as suggested by the script and the name 'Hildebaldus' on the back fly-leaf. Belonged later to St Remi at Rheims: on fol. 51 'lib sci remigii. Rem. vot VIII.Z.VII' (saec. XII or XIII). Was No. 1916 in the collection of Colbert and then became No. 3984.3.3 in the Royal Library (fol. 1).",,,,"Ambrosius, Hexameron.",Parchment,,,"TM 66662",,"fol. 101v ",,,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands; that seen on foll. 17–24, 41–73, etc., bears some resemblance to the script of Godescalc (see CLA [5.681](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067)): uncial **a** predominates, but open **a** also is used; the shafts of **b** and **l** are club-shaped and break near the foot; **N** occurs in mid-word; descenders of **f**, **g**, **p** are long; **y** is dotted; the first scribe (foll. 1–16v, 151–152) forms down-strokes in the Insular manner. Marginalia taken over apparently from the exemplar are either in minuscule or in small uncial or mixed uncial. Amongst early probationes pennae on the original back fly-leaf is the entry in Notae Tironianae: 'Ego Hil-de-bal-dus haec . . .’; this may have been written by the Hildebald who before becoming archbishop of Cologne (785–819) was a member of the royal chancellory. Later notes and corrections also occur.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/890,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/890,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands; that seen on foll. 17–24, 41–73, etc., bears some resemblance to the script of Godescalc (see CLA 5.681): uncial a predominates, but open a also is used; the shafts of b and l are club-shaped and break near the foot; N occurs in mid-word; descenders of f, g, p are long; y is dotted; the first scribe (foll. 1–16v, 151–152) forms down-strokes in the Insular manner. Marginalia taken over apparently from the exemplar are either in minuscule or in small uncial or mixed uncial. Amongst early probationes pennae on the original back fly-leaf is the entry in Notae Tironianae: 'Ego Hil-de-bal-dus haec . . .’; this may have been written by the Hildebald who before becoming archbishop of Cologne (785–819) was a member of the royal chancellory. Later notes and corrections also occur.
","Written presumably in the Rhenish area and possibly in the Palace School as suggested by the script and the name 'Hildebaldus' on the back fly-leaf. Belonged later to St Remi at Rheims: on fol. 51 'lib sci remigii. Rem. vot VIII.Z.VII' (saec. XII or XIII). Was No. 1916 in the collection of Colbert and then became No. 3984.3.3 in the Royal Library (fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/890.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/890.jpg 891,583,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,5,534,"Origin uncertain: script and abbreviations speak for Italy. Belonged to Nicolas Lefevre (†1674), tutor to Louis XIII: the table on fol. 3v is in his hand. Presented by him to J. A. de Thou. Bought from de Thou by Colbert, in whose collection it was numbered 677; later numbered 3984.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 4).",3,,,"Ambrosius, De Helia et Ieiunio, Apologia David, De Offices Ministrorum, De Interpellatione Job et David, De Nabuthae, De Tobia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66663",,"fol. 101v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10511005x,"Script is a late uncial with artificial hair-lines by three different scribes (A = foll. 1–89, B = 90–149, C = 150–189); the second upright of **N** is often curved to the left; the cross-bar of **T** has two pendant tags; **E** with cedilla is frequent; **i**-longa is used initially; **FF** and **LL** run together. Interlinear corrections in contemporary minuscule on foll. 99, 100v. Notae Tironianae occur passim.","☛I. J. Davidson, Ambrose, de officiis, 2 vol. (2001).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/891,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/891,"Script is a late uncial with artificial hair-lines by three different scribes (A = foll. 1–89, B = 90–149, C = 150–189); the second upright of N is often curved to the left; the cross-bar of T has two pendant tags; E with cedilla is frequent; i-longa is used initially; FF and LL run together. Interlinear corrections in contemporary minuscule on foll. 99, 100v. Notae Tironianae occur passim.
","Origin uncertain: script and abbreviations speak for Italy. Belonged to Nicolas Lefevre (†1674), tutor to Louis XIII: the table on fol. 3v is in his hand. Presented by him to J. A. de Thou. Bought from de Thou by Colbert, in whose collection it was numbered 677; later numbered 3984.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 4).
","☛I. J. Davidson, Ambrose, de officiis, 2 vol. (2001).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/891.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/891.jpg 892,584,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,535,"Origin uncertain, rather Italy than France. The main manuscript, and probably our fly-leaf also, came from St Denis: 'iste liber beati dyon.', with the thirteenth-century press-mark: I ☩, as well as the fifteenth-century one: XV. IIIIc. XXXVII., stands on fol. 2. The main manuscript bore the number 1740 in the Colbert collection, and 3747.2.2. in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (1.13.19, ad fin.–Capitula lib. 2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66664",,"fol. 1 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8432311b,"Script is a somewhat careless but natural uncial: **LL** run together; **Y** rises branch-like near or above the head-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/892,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/892,"Script is a somewhat careless but natural uncial: LL run together; Y rises branch-like near or above the head-line.
","Origin uncertain, rather Italy than France. The main manuscript, and probably our fly-leaf also, came from St Denis: 'iste liber beati dyon.', with the thirteenth-century press-mark: I ☩, as well as the fifteenth-century one: XV. IIIIc. XXXVII., stands on fol. 2. The main manuscript bore the number 1740 in the Colbert collection, and 3747.2.2. in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/892.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/892.jpg 893,585,"Early Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,536,"Written probably at Tours, in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 1572 (CLA [5.530](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/887)), with which it agrees in format, number of lines, and general make-up. The manuscript belonged to St Mesmin of Micy as early as the ninth century: 'LIBER SCI MAXINI (sic) MICIACENS' stands on fol. 2 in a ninth-century uncial hand; similar ex-libris in Rustic capitals running along the upper, lower, and lateral margins are seen on many openings, and especially at the beginning and end of quires. At the top of fol. 1 is the ninth-century entry: 'Liber Sancti maximini relectus a petro abbate': Peter was abbot from 840–59 and was probably responsible for supplying, if not actually for writing, foll. 9–13, 109, 221. The manuscript belonged to Dupuy (according to Melot, 3, p. 198). Later Regius 3990 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Hieronymus, In Ieremiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66665",,"foll. 186 and 35 ",,,"Script is an early minuscule with many cursive elements written by several expert rapid hands, using the open and closed **a** as well as uncial **a**, **i**-longa initially and when semivocal, two forms of **n**, mostly **N**; **y** is short and at times dotted; frequent ligatures of **ti** and **te**; occasionally the Insular ligatures for **mi** and **ni**. Notae Tironianae passim.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/893,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/893,"Script is an early minuscule with many cursive elements written by several expert rapid hands, using the open and closed a as well as uncial a, i-longa initially and when semivocal, two forms of n, mostly N; y is short and at times dotted; frequent ligatures of ti and te; occasionally the Insular ligatures for mi and ni. Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written probably at Tours, in the same scriptorium as Paris Lat. 1572 (CLA 5.530), with which it agrees in format, number of lines, and general make-up. The manuscript belonged to St Mesmin of Micy as early as the ninth century: 'LIBER SCI MAXINI (sic) MICIACENS' stands on fol. 2 in a ninth-century uncial hand; similar ex-libris in Rustic capitals running along the upper, lower, and lateral margins are seen on many openings, and especially at the beginning and end of quires. At the top of fol. 1 is the ninth-century entry: 'Liber Sancti maximini relectus a petro abbate': Peter was abbot from 840–59 and was probably responsible for supplying, if not actually for writing, foll. 9–13, 109, 221. The manuscript belonged to Dupuy (according to Melot, 3, p. 198). Later Regius 3990 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/893.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/893.jpg 895,586,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,537,"Written, it would seem, in the Netherlands, to judge by the resemblance to Paris Lat. 12598 (CLA [5.644a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021)) and as script and abbreviation marks suggest, and copied apparently from an Insular exemplar to judge by certain abbreviation symbols. Belonged to de Thou: 'Iac. Aug. Thuani’ (fol. 1), who probably obtained it from the Jesuit library at Paris. Was No. 2065 in the Colbert collection and No. 3990.3.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Pelagius, In Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 66666",,"foll. 76v and 6 ",,,"Script in the first part, by several somewhat similar hands, is of a peculiar pre-Caroline type recalling Paris Lat. 12598 (CLA [5.644a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021)), with open **a** the rule and **a** the exception; **f** has the half-uncial form; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left; uncial **N** occurs passim; **ꞇ** has a loop to the left of the stem; sickle-shaped **u** and the **nt** ligature occur even in mid-word; **y** is dotted; **z** occasionally goes below the line; in the Caroline hand, which seems a later stage, **a** is the rule, open **a** the exception; both **ꝺ** and **d** are used; the ligature **nt** occurs in mid-word.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/895,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/895,"Script in the first part, by several somewhat similar hands, is of a peculiar pre-Caroline type recalling Paris Lat. 12598 (CLA 5.644a), with open a the rule and a the exception; f has the half-uncial form; the shaft of h often leans to the left; uncial N occurs passim; ꞇ has a loop to the left of the stem; sickle-shaped u and the nt ligature occur even in mid-word; y is dotted; z occasionally goes below the line; in the Caroline hand, which seems a later stage, a is the rule, open a the exception; both ꝺ and d are used; the ligature nt occurs in mid-word.
","Written, it would seem, in the Netherlands, to judge by the resemblance to Paris Lat. 12598 (CLA 5.644a) and as script and abbreviation marks suggest, and copied apparently from an Insular exemplar to judge by certain abbreviation symbols. Belonged to de Thou: 'Iac. Aug. Thuani’ (fol. 1), who probably obtained it from the Jesuit library at Paris. Was No. 2065 in the Colbert collection and No. 3990.3.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/895.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/895.jpg 897,587,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,538,"Written apparently in North France in some community under Anglo-Saxon influence. It was No. 50 in the Bigot collection.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66667",,"fol. 71v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066574v,"Script shows pre-Caroline and early Caroline types of minuscule by several scribes who apparently worked on separate quires at the same time (cf., e.g., foll. 45v, 57v): **a** and **g** have two forms: open **a** and **a**, **g** and **Ᵹ**; **i**-longa occurs here and there, even mid-word (cuIus); the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ti** ligature is mostly used for the hard sound of ti. Cursive is seen on the last line of fol. 183v. Small corrections by a contemporary Insular hand on several pages (fol. 2v). Tironian Nota for 'hic' occasionally in the margin (fol. 38v). Later corrections and notes by various hands saec. IX and X; a verse from the Gospel in Greek was added on fol. 225.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/897,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/897,"Script shows pre-Caroline and early Caroline types of minuscule by several scribes who apparently worked on separate quires at the same time (cf., e.g., foll. 45v, 57v): a and g have two forms: open a and a, g and Ᵹ; i-longa occurs here and there, even mid-word (cuIus); the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ti ligature is mostly used for the hard sound of ti. Cursive is seen on the last line of fol. 183v. Small corrections by a contemporary Insular hand on several pages (fol. 2v). Tironian Nota for 'hic' occasionally in the margin (fol. 38v). Later corrections and notes by various hands saec. IX and X; a verse from the Gospel in Greek was added on fol. 225.
","Written apparently in North France in some community under Anglo-Saxon influence. It was No. 50 in the Bigot collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/897.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/897.jpg 898,588,"a-z Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,539,"Written in North-east France in the region where the so-called Laon a-z type was in vogue. The main manuscript was purchased for the Royal Library in 1713: 'Achepte a Paris a. 1713' (fol. l); there it bore the number 4004.3.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Fide (2.64–69).",Parchment,,,"TM 66668",,"fol. 130 ",,,"Script is a distinct French type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a few MSS from Laon and called a-z from its distinguishing letters (see CLA [5.630](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1006) and [2.128](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441), [174](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489)): **a** has the peculiarity that its two bows are angular, and **z** rises high above the line in the form of a fool's cap; uncial **A** occurs even in mid-line and has a characteristic bow (also seen in the ligature **ę**); **i**-longa is used both initially and for the semi-vocal sound; suprascript **u** after **q** combines with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; the **ti** ligature as a rule represents the hard sound of t, the normal **ti** the assibilated sound—the very opposite of Beneventan usage; the forms of **x** and **y** are noteworthy; numerous ligatures occur. The entry: 'In festo sancte tecle receperam de gilleb(erto) XII libris, saec. XII, is seen at the foot of fol. 1v.",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/898,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/898,"Script is a distinct French type of pre-Caroline minuscule found in a few MSS from Laon and called a-z from its distinguishing letters (see CLA 5.630 and 2.128, 174): a has the peculiarity that its two bows are angular, and z rises high above the line in the form of a fool's cap; uncial A occurs even in mid-line and has a characteristic bow (also seen in the ligature ę); i-longa is used both initially and for the semi-vocal sound; suprascript u after q combines with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; the ti ligature as a rule represents the hard sound of t, the normal ti the assibilated sound—the very opposite of Beneventan usage; the forms of x and y are noteworthy; numerous ligatures occur. The entry: 'In festo sancte tecle receperam de gilleb(erto) XII libris, saec. XII, is seen at the foot of fol. 1v.
","Written in North-east France in the region where the so-called Laon a-z type was in vogue. The main manuscript was purchased for the Royal Library in 1713: 'Achepte a Paris a. 1713' (fol. l); there it bore the number 4004.3.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/898.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/898.jpg 899,589,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,540,"Written presumably in North-east France, as the script suggests. Later the MS belonged to St Martial at Limoges; the autograph notes of the well-known Bernard Itier (saec. XII–XIII) are seen on foll. 2v, 3, 161, and 163.",,,,"Augustinus, Enchiridion, Hypomnesticon contra Pelagianos; Caesarius Arelatensis, Contra eos qui dicunt quare aliis det Deus gratiam, aliis non det; Vigilius Tapsensis, De unitate Trinitatis; Miracula in imagine Veronicae (fragm.); De amicis; Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Johannis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66669",,"fol. 144",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9068445d,"Script, mainly by one hand, is a bold, stately pre-Caroline minuscule, still retaining numerous ligatures: **a** in the uncial form is still the exception; the shaft of **b** often has a break at the foot and has here and there the tag as in the a-b type; the shaft of **h** leans slightly to the left; the cross-stroke of final **t** is a downward flourish; ligatures with **c** are frequent and noteworthy for their form. A peculiar, elongated form of **Z** with a horizontal tag on the right side of the oblique is seen on the almost contemporary foll. 157v–160—a form found in some MSS from North-east France. Contemporary marginalia in rather cursive minuscule, mixed with Notae Tironianae, occur passim (foll. 10, 12v); some are saec. IX.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/899,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/899,"Script, mainly by one hand, is a bold, stately pre-Caroline minuscule, still retaining numerous ligatures: a in the uncial form is still the exception; the shaft of b often has a break at the foot and has here and there the tag as in the a-b type; the shaft of h leans slightly to the left; the cross-stroke of final t is a downward flourish; ligatures with c are frequent and noteworthy for their form. A peculiar, elongated form of Z with a horizontal tag on the right side of the oblique is seen on the almost contemporary foll. 157v–160—a form found in some MSS from North-east France. Contemporary marginalia in rather cursive minuscule, mixed with Notae Tironianae, occur passim (foll. 10, 12v); some are saec. IX.
","Written presumably in North-east France, as the script suggests. Later the MS belonged to St Martial at Limoges; the autograph notes of the well-known Bernard Itier (saec. XII–XIII) are seen on foll. 2v, 3, 161, and 163.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/899.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/899.jpg 900,590,Half-Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,541,"Written in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, to judge from script, abbreviations, and decoration, which are similar to those in MSS Lat. 2706, 12207 (CLA [5.547](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/907) and [634](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1010)) and Gotha Mb. I. 75, as well as to those in the uncial MSS Lat. 152 and 17654 (CLA [5.522](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878), [670](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)). Belonged to Ulrich Obrecht of Strasbourg: on the modern front fly-leaf stands: 'Ulrici Obrechti praetoris regii Argentoratensis an. 1701'. It bore the number 3787.2 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Eugippius, Excerpta ex operibus Augustini.",Parchment,,,"TM 66670",,"fol. 15 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9076499m,"Script is an angular half-uncial of a distinct type, with **a** like contiguous oc, uncial **G** with the tail hooked to the right, half-uncial **ꞇ** with a loop to the left and a base-line to the right; a small supra-script **t** stands over the second upright of **N** instead of an **nt** ligature; the lower left leg of **x** curves to the right; **y** is dotted and goes below the line. A few corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule of the North French type, saec. VIII, are seen on foll. 146, 148, 179, 189v, etc.; ‘emendanda' in the margin of fol. 155v. Instructions to a copyist 'himc (sic) scrib(e)' and 'usque hic' are seen on foll. 389v and 391.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/900,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900,"Script is an angular half-uncial of a distinct type, with a like contiguous oc, uncial G with the tail hooked to the right, half-uncial ꞇ with a loop to the left and a base-line to the right; a small supra-script t stands over the second upright of N instead of an nt ligature; the lower left leg of x curves to the right; y is dotted and goes below the line. A few corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule of the North French type, saec. VIII, are seen on foll. 146, 148, 179, 189v, etc.; ‘emendanda' in the margin of fol. 155v. Instructions to a copyist 'himc (sic) scrib(e)' and 'usque hic' are seen on foll. 389v and 391.
","Written in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, to judge from script, abbreviations, and decoration, which are similar to those in MSS Lat. 2706, 12207 (CLA 5.547 and 634) and Gotha Mb. I. 75, as well as to those in the uncial MSS Lat. 152 and 17654 (CLA 5.522, 670). Belonged to Ulrich Obrecht of Strasbourg: on the modern front fly-leaf stands: 'Ulrici Obrechti praetoris regii Argentoratensis an. 1701'. It bore the number 3787.2 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/900.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/900.jpg 901,591,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,542,"Written in France, to judge by the script. Must have been at Lyon or vicinity by the ninth century, to judge by traces of Florus Diaconus. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it had the number 331; it later had the number 4058.4 in the Royal collection (see fol. 2).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.1–27.46).",Parchment,,,"TM 66671",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is rather crude uncial, by several hands: the bow of uncial **A** often hangs above the base-line; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the second upright of **N** is often spike-like; **T** has a loop to the left and a small base-line, it occurs suprascript at line ends; **Y** is v-shaped and occasionally dotted (foll. 53, 96)—here and there the left branch is lower than the right; **Z** has a curious form and is somewhat top-heavy. Corrections mostly in uncial or half-uncial and some in ninth-century Caroline (foll. 90, 92v). A later reader (saec. IX) marked off passages of interest by means of ⎡ and ⎤in text and left margin, the first at the beginning, the second at the end of the passage—a method recalling that of Florus.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/901,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/901,"Script is rather crude uncial, by several hands: the bow of uncial A often hangs above the base-line; the lower bow of B protrudes; the second upright of N is often spike-like; T has a loop to the left and a small base-line, it occurs suprascript at line ends; Y is v-shaped and occasionally dotted (foll. 53, 96)—here and there the left branch is lower than the right; Z has a curious form and is somewhat top-heavy. Corrections mostly in uncial or half-uncial and some in ninth-century Caroline (foll. 90, 92v). A later reader (saec. IX) marked off passages of interest by means of ⎡ and ⎤in text and left margin, the first at the beginning, the second at the end of the passage—a method recalling that of Florus.
","Written in France, to judge by the script. Must have been at Lyon or vicinity by the ninth century, to judge by traces of Florus Diaconus. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it had the number 331; it later had the number 4058.4 in the Royal collection (see fol. 2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/901.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/901.jpg 902,592,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,543,"Written doubtless in Italy. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it was No. 329; later No. 4038.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1). A charter, dated Febr. 6, 1685, conferring on Baluze a canonicate at Tulle, is bound in at the end of the volume.",3,,,"Hieronymus, In Psalmos (7–133).",Parchment,,,"TM 66672",,"fol. 114 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90659775,"Script is an easy, graceful Italian type of uncial with occasional intrusion, as by inadvertence, of half-uncial elements, e.g. half-uncial **a**, **d**, **Ʒ** (fol. 15v, l. 18); the eye of uncial **E** is closed, uncial **H** has a marked finial, **N** is broad, **S** is top-heavy; many ascenders have a horizontal fore-stroke. A contemporary corrector neatly entered at the end of Psalms **+℞** crossed through, which probably stands for 'recognovi'. Another contemporary hand wrote 'EMENDAVI' under the quire signature on fol. 106v. A marginal entry on fol. 112 in small, sloping contemporary uncial has the ancient abbreviations for 'inter' (**ł**) and 'tio' (**ꝰ**).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/902,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/902,"Script is an easy, graceful Italian type of uncial with occasional intrusion, as by inadvertence, of half-uncial elements, e.g. half-uncial a, d, Ʒ (fol. 15v, l. 18); the eye of uncial E is closed, uncial H has a marked finial, N is broad, S is top-heavy; many ascenders have a horizontal fore-stroke. A contemporary corrector neatly entered at the end of Psalms +℞ crossed through, which probably stands for 'recognovi'. Another contemporary hand wrote 'EMENDAVI' under the quire signature on fol. 106v. A marginal entry on fol. 112 in small, sloping contemporary uncial has the ancient abbreviations for 'inter' (ł) and 'tio' (ꝰ).
","Written doubtless in Italy. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it was No. 329; later No. 4038.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1). A charter, dated Febr. 6, 1685, conferring on Baluze a canonicate at Tulle, is bound in at the end of the volume.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/902.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/902.jpg 903,593,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,544,"Written apparently at St Amand. Belonged to J. A. de Thou, who most likely obtained it from the Paris Jesuits (de Thou's name, now erased, stood in the lower margin of fol. 1 and an erased press-mark in the upper margin). Later No. 1348 in the Colbert collection and 4230.2 in the Royal collection.",,50.449,3.4287,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66673",,"Image from foll. 33v and 5 (Initial D in later part)",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8528767x,"Script in our part is comely Caroline minuscule of a distinct type practised at St Amand and at Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, abbot of St Amand (783–821) and friend of Alcuin of Tours, the historic connections accounting for the signs of Tours influence seen in manuscripts of this type.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/903,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/903,"Script in our part is comely Caroline minuscule of a distinct type practised at St Amand and at Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, abbot of St Amand (783–821) and friend of Alcuin of Tours, the historic connections accounting for the signs of Tours influence seen in manuscripts of this type.
","Written apparently at St Amand. Belonged to J. A. de Thou, who most likely obtained it from the Paris Jesuits (de Thou's name, now erased, stood in the lower margin of fol. 1 and an erased press-mark in the upper margin). Later No. 1348 in the Colbert collection and 4230.2 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/903.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/903.jpg 904,594,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,5,545a,"Written doubtless in Italy by a master scribe in a scriptorium maintaining high standards. Was apparently restored at St Denis ca. 800: on fol. 1 at the top is the fourteenth-century entry: 'Iste liber est beati dyon.', and at the bottom, C. ☩ and the fifteenth-century press-mark 'II.XLVII'. Belonged later to J. A. de Thou, who probably obtained it from the Jesuits in Paris (see fol. 1). Bore the number 825 in Colbert's collection and 3982.4 in the Royal collection.",3,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate, De Synodi. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66674",,"fol. 263v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066583t,"Script of extraordinary beauty and regularity, is an uncial of the old type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; uncial **E** is closed; **F**, **P**, uncial **Q** scarcely go below the base-line; uncial **H** and **L** hardly rise above the head-line; both **U** and **V** are used in numerals; numerous ligatures occur at line ends, including uncial **AE**, **NT**, **NS**, **OS**, **ONS**, **US**, **NM**, **UBS**, **UNT**. On fol. 355v are probationes pennae in uncial, minuscule, cursive, and Greek, and a contemporary drawing of a man's face; an early eighth-century entry in uncial mixed with minuscule occurs in the lower margin of fol. 73; on fol. 136: 'in xpi nomen auencius diac.', saec. X; on fol. 240v, at the end of a quire, by a hand saec. lX–X: 'noueris lector unum hic quaternionem deesse'. A few Notae Tironianae.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/904,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/904,"Script of extraordinary beauty and regularity, is an uncial of the old type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; uncial E is closed; F, P, uncial Q scarcely go below the base-line; uncial H and L hardly rise above the head-line; both U and V are used in numerals; numerous ligatures occur at line ends, including uncial AE, NT, NS, OS, ONS, US, NM, UBS, UNT. On fol. 355v are probationes pennae in uncial, minuscule, cursive, and Greek, and a contemporary drawing of a man's face; an early eighth-century entry in uncial mixed with minuscule occurs in the lower margin of fol. 73; on fol. 136: 'in xpi nomen auencius diac.', saec. X; on fol. 240v, at the end of a quire, by a hand saec. lX–X: 'noueris lector unum hic quaternionem deesse'. A few Notae Tironianae.
","Written doubtless in Italy by a master scribe in a scriptorium maintaining high standards. Was apparently restored at St Denis ca. 800: on fol. 1 at the top is the fourteenth-century entry: 'Iste liber est beati dyon.', and at the bottom, C. ☩ and the fifteenth-century press-mark 'II.XLVII'. Belonged later to J. A. de Thou, who probably obtained it from the Jesuits in Paris (see fol. 1). Bore the number 825 in Colbert's collection and 3982.4 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/904.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/904.jpg 905,595,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,5,545b,"Origin St Denis. For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/904).",3,48.9362,2.3574,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (fragm.)",Parchment,,,"TM 66675",,"fol. 1 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066583t,"Script is an artificial uncial of the type seen in the headings of MSS Lat. 15304–15305 and 17371 (CLA [5.665](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1050), [668](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053)), both St Denis products of the time of abbot Fardulfus.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/905,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/905,"Script is an artificial uncial of the type seen in the headings of MSS Lat. 15304–15305 and 17371 (CLA 5.665, 668), both St Denis products of the time of abbot Fardulfus.
","Origin St Denis. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/905.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/905.jpg 906,596,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,546,"Written probably in Italy. For provenance see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/905).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 2 Sm 17-18, 20)",Parchment,,,"TM 66676",,"fol. 356v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066583t,"Script is a careful and artificial uncial: eye of uncial **E** is open; **L** and uncial **H** are tall and begin with a small horizontal flourish; **N** is narrow; the form **Y** is curious and recalls CLA [3.333](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/669); the descenders of **P**, uncial **Q**, **Y** go below the base-line. Some verses begin with a square capital **D**, **Q**, **V** instead of uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/906,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/906,"Script is a careful and artificial uncial: eye of uncial E is open; L and uncial H are tall and begin with a small horizontal flourish; N is narrow; the form Y is curious and recalls CLA 3.333; the descenders of P, uncial Q, Y go below the base-line. Some verses begin with a square capital D, Q, V instead of uncial.
","Written probably in Italy. For provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/906.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/906.jpg 907,597,Half-Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,547,"Written apparently in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence in the same scriptorium which produced MSS Lat. 2110 (CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900)) and Gotha 1.75. Was at St Denis in the thirteenth to fourteenth century as appears from the well-known hand which entered the press-mark on fol. 1: 'G. C. G. ☩'; beneath this stands the fifteenth-century number 'V XVII'. Later number 5150 in the Colbert collection and number 4002.1 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Augustinus, De Genesi ad Litteram.",Parchment,,,"TM 66677",,"fol. 23v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a bold, late type of half-uncial also seen in MS Lat. 2110 and in part of Gotha 1.75: half-uncial **a** leans to the left; half-uncial **Ᵹ** as well as **G** are found, the latter more frequently and mostly with the tail curving to the right; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin; the **NT** ligature is replaced by **N** with a small **T** over the second upright; the lower left leg of **X** turns to the right; **Y** is either v-shaped or has a stem below the base-line. Marginalia by the original hand, are in a half-uncial verging on minuscule which later came into vogue in the Corbie region. An Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand, saec. VIII, made corrections throughout the volume (foll. 23v, 77, etc.). A Nota Tironiana on fol. 309v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/907,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/907,"Script, by more than one hand, is a bold, late type of half-uncial also seen in MS Lat. 2110 and in part of Gotha 1.75: half-uncial a leans to the left; half-uncial Ᵹ as well as G are found, the latter more frequently and mostly with the tail curving to the right; the oblique stroke of N is thin; the NT ligature is replaced by N with a small T over the second upright; the lower left leg of X turns to the right; Y is either v-shaped or has a stem below the base-line. Marginalia by the original hand, are in a half-uncial verging on minuscule which later came into vogue in the Corbie region. An Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand, saec. VIII, made corrections throughout the volume (foll. 23v, 77, etc.). A Nota Tironiana on fol. 309v.
","Written apparently in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence in the same scriptorium which produced MSS Lat. 2110 (CLA 5.541) and Gotha 1.75. Was at St Denis in the thirteenth to fourteenth century as appears from the well-known hand which entered the press-mark on fol. 1: 'G. C. G. ☩'; beneath this stands the fifteenth-century number 'V XVII'. Later number 5150 in the Colbert collection and number 4002.1 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/907.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/907.jpg 908,598,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,548,"Written in the region where the 'Luxeuil' type flourished. Belonged later to Baluze (†1718), in whose collection it was numbered 369 (see fol. 1); later numbered 4990.3 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Opus incertum? (in Ezechielem); Leo Magnus, Opus incertum (tomus ad Flavianum); Ambrosius, Opus incertum? (commentarius in Lucam); Hieronymus, Opus incertum? (in Isaiam); Augustinus, Sermones (369).",Parchment,,,"TM 66678",,"fol. 14 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105101712,"Script is an expert, rapid pre-Caroline French minuscule akin to the type known as 'Luxeuil': **ꝺ** is uncial except when in ligature with the preceding letter, when it is minuscule; **i**-longa is used initially and in semi-vocal position; uncial **N** occurs; in initial position and in uncial headings **u** is v-shaped and crossed at the bottom; **d** and **q** have open bows when in ligature with the preceding letter; the **ti** ligature occurs for both soft and hard sound; omitted **u** in ligature after **q** is a suprascript wavy line; **y** is short and resembles minuscule **s** (ꞅ). In the uncial titles **Q** and **V** have the capital form regularly, **D** now and then; the tail of uncial **G** turns slightly to the right. A group of carelessly written Notae Tironianae on fol. 6v.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 11, dates to the first third of the eighth century. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 3 scribes.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/908,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/908,"Script is an expert, rapid pre-Caroline French minuscule akin to the type known as 'Luxeuil': ꝺ is uncial except when in ligature with the preceding letter, when it is minuscule; i-longa is used initially and in semi-vocal position; uncial N occurs; in initial position and in uncial headings u is v-shaped and crossed at the bottom; d and q have open bows when in ligature with the preceding letter; the ti ligature occurs for both soft and hard sound; omitted u in ligature after q is a suprascript wavy line; y is short and resembles minuscule s (ꞅ). In the uncial titles Q and V have the capital form regularly, D now and then; the tail of uncial G turns slightly to the right. A group of carelessly written Notae Tironianae on fol. 6v.
","Written in the region where the 'Luxeuil' type flourished. Belonged later to Baluze (†1718), in whose collection it was numbered 369 (see fol. 1); later numbered 4990.3 in the Royal collection.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 11, dates to the first third of the eighth century. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 3 scribes.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/908.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/908.jpg 909,599,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,5,549,"Origin presumably France. For the later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/908).",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66679",,"fol. 12 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105101712,"Script is an ungainly uncial of late type. On fol. 12 one can make out: .... SEPTE..., .... ACCIPIENS ..., CONTRA ꝹNM ET CONTRA.....","☛Dated VII–VII in Wood 2017.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/909,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/909,"Script is an ungainly uncial of late type. On fol. 12 one can make out: .... SEPTE..., .... ACCIPIENS ..., CONTRA ꝹNM ET CONTRA.....
","Origin presumably France. For the later history see preceding item.
","☛Dated VII–VII in Wood 2017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/909.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/909.jpg 910,600,Uncial,"VI med",526,575,5,550,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by script, parchment, spelling, and decoration. By the eighth century the manuscript may have migrated, like the [Codex Fuldensis](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672) of the Gospels, to a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Bought at Basle by P. Pithou, to whom both parts belonged: at the foot of fol. 1 of Lat. 2769 stands his entry 'emptus Basilea 1563'; 'P. Pithoei' in bold letters stands at the foot of fol. 1 of Lat. 4808. Later MS Lat. 2769 was No. 3653 in the Colbert collection and No. 4535.3 in the Royal collection; MS Lat. 4808 had the number 2565 in the Colbert collection and 5203.3 in the Royal collection.",3,,,"Eucherius, Formulae Spiritalis; Inventio S Crucis; Augustinus, Sermones (110); Iulius Honorius, Cosmographia. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66680",,"Image from MS. Lat. 2769, fol. 16",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90669124,"Each manuscript is by a different hand; the forms of the letters uncial **A** and **B** differ slightly in each part; the upper bows of **C**, uncial **E**, and **S** have a tendency to end in a fork; the middle upright of uncial **M** has a tiny base; the verticals of uncial **H** and **L** have a horizontal hair-line; the base of **L** ends in a downward stroke; **F** and **P** go below the line; **Y** is tall. An early, perhaps contemporary, corrector is seen on fol. 14 of Lat. 2769; the same manuscript has several short corrections in Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX (foll. 3, 3v, **X** corrected to **S**; fol. 8v, l. 11, **na** added interlinearly; but especially fol. 6, l. 7, where **lonis** is added to **aqui**).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/910,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/910,"Each manuscript is by a different hand; the forms of the letters uncial A and B differ slightly in each part; the upper bows of C, uncial E, and S have a tendency to end in a fork; the middle upright of uncial M has a tiny base; the verticals of uncial H and L have a horizontal hair-line; the base of L ends in a downward stroke; F and P go below the line; Y is tall. An early, perhaps contemporary, corrector is seen on fol. 14 of Lat. 2769; the same manuscript has several short corrections in Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX (foll. 3, 3v, X corrected to S; fol. 8v, l. 11, na added interlinearly; but especially fol. 6, l. 7, where lonis is added to aqui).
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by script, parchment, spelling, and decoration. By the eighth century the manuscript may have migrated, like the Codex Fuldensis of the Gospels, to a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Bought at Basle by P. Pithou, to whom both parts belonged: at the foot of fol. 1 of Lat. 2769 stands his entry 'emptus Basilea 1563'; 'P. Pithoei' in bold letters stands at the foot of fol. 1 of Lat. 4808. Later MS Lat. 2769 was No. 3653 in the Colbert collection and No. 4535.3 in the Royal collection; MS Lat. 4808 had the number 2565 in the Colbert collection and 5203.3 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/910.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/910.jpg 911,601,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,551,"Written in France, doubtless in a scriptorium not too remote from Corbie. The title of the manuscript in thirteenth-century script is seen on fol. 1, but the medieval home of the MS is unknown. It was acquired by Baluze, in whose collection it was number 330. Later numbered 4053.2 in the Royal collection (see [fol. 2](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90765351/f3.image)).",,,,"Isidorus, Proemia, De Obitu Patrum, Allegoriae Sacrae Scripturae; Hieronymus, Homiliae; Augustinus, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66681",,"fol. 90 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90765351,"Script is a poor attempt at a-b minuscule: for the pure type, see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914); **Z** on fol. 47 recalls the elongated form of the a-z type. On the verso of the last folio, originally left blank, a Visigothic hand, saec. IX–X, added a hymn; another Visigothic hand added three lines in secret script: 'in te domine . . . (Ps 70.1–2) . . . libera me et eripe me'. Neumes on foll. 55v, 56 are mere probationes pennae.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/911,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/911,"Script is a poor attempt at a-b minuscule: for the pure type, see CLA 5.554; Z on fol. 47 recalls the elongated form of the a-z type. On the verso of the last folio, originally left blank, a Visigothic hand, saec. IX–X, added a hymn; another Visigothic hand added three lines in secret script: 'in te domine . . . (Ps 70.1–2) . . . libera me et eripe me'. Neumes on foll. 55v, 56 are mere probationes pennae.
","Written in France, doubtless in a scriptorium not too remote from Corbie. The title of the manuscript in thirteenth-century script is seen on fol. 1, but the medieval home of the MS is unknown. It was acquired by Baluze, in whose collection it was number 330. Later numbered 4053.2 in the Royal collection (see fol. 2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/911.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/911.jpg 912,602,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,552,"Written doubtless in France, and probably in a centre not remote from the area in which the ab type flourished. The manuscript was later at St Martial of Limoges: the notes on fol. 102v are in the familiar hand of Bernard Itier (saec. XIII in.). The shelf-mark 'CXXXI' on fol. 2 has been cancelled and next to it stands 'Lemovic' 157. In the Royal collection it bore the number 4536² (see fol. 2).",,,,"Defensor Locociagensis, Liber Scintillarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66682",,"Image from the opening, foll. 34v-35",,,"Script is a later type of pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures: here and there **b** has a small horizontal tag as in the Corbie a-b type; the round back of **c** and **e** often show a slight protuberance; uncial **N** is not infrequent; the cross stroke of **ꞇ** rises obliquely to the right; sickle-shaped **u** occurs, suprascript and on the line; **z** recalls the foolscap form of the a-z type (fol. 75); ligatures of **fi**, **te**, **ti**, **tr**, **tu** are frequent; the ligatures **lt** and **nt** occur even in mid-word; the two sounds of ti are not distinguished.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/912,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/912,"Script is a later type of pre-Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures: here and there b has a small horizontal tag as in the Corbie a-b type; the round back of c and e often show a slight protuberance; uncial N is not infrequent; the cross stroke of ꞇ rises obliquely to the right; sickle-shaped u occurs, suprascript and on the line; z recalls the foolscap form of the a-z type (fol. 75); ligatures of fi, te, ti, tr, tu are frequent; the ligatures lt and nt occur even in mid-word; the two sounds of ti are not distinguished.
","Written doubtless in France, and probably in a centre not remote from the area in which the ab type flourished. The manuscript was later at St Martial of Limoges: the notes on fol. 102v are in the familiar hand of Bernard Itier (saec. XIII in.). The shelf-mark 'CXXXI' on fol. 2 has been cancelled and next to it stands 'Lemovic' 157. In the Royal collection it bore the number 4536² (see fol. 2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/912.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/912.jpg 913,603,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,553,"Written in Italy, probably in the North. Later at St Martial, Limoges, where the MS was taken apart for binding; the leaves in N.A. Lat. 2479 were once fly-leaves in MS Lat. 2699, containing Augustine and Ambrose saec. XII; the old press-marks of this MS are 'Lemov. 125', 'XLVI', and '4321.2'; the Royal Library press-mark ‘3822²' is seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 3784; MS Lat. 2367 bears the old press-marks 'XXIV' and '4057² '.",3,,,"Homiliarum Alani (Egino nos. 43, 44, 98–100, 105–116).",Parchment,,,"TM 66683",,"Image from fol. 12 of MS. Lat. 3784",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066112c,"Script is a roundish heavy minuscule of distinctly Italian character with ascenders strikingly club-shaped: both **d** and **ꝺ** are used, **f** is almost half-uncial, suprascript **u** is v-shaped; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the **ra** ligature with the open **a** is characteristic. MS Paris Lat. 2367 contains 112 folios: foll. 1–2 contain notes by Itier; foll. 3–110 contain Bede on the Catholic Epistles, saec. IX; fol. 112 belonged to MS Lat. 2428.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/913,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/913,"Script is a roundish heavy minuscule of distinctly Italian character with ascenders strikingly club-shaped: both d and ꝺ are used, f is almost half-uncial, suprascript u is v-shaped; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the ra ligature with the open a is characteristic. MS Paris Lat. 2367 contains 112 folios: foll. 1–2 contain notes by Itier; foll. 3–110 contain Bede on the Catholic Epistles, saec. IX; fol. 112 belonged to MS Lat. 2428.
","Written in Italy, probably in the North. Later at St Martial, Limoges, where the MS was taken apart for binding; the leaves in N.A. Lat. 2479 were once fly-leaves in MS Lat. 2699, containing Augustine and Ambrose saec. XII; the old press-marks of this MS are 'Lemov. 125', 'XLVI', and '4321.2'; the Royal Library press-mark ‘3822²' is seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 3784; MS Lat. 2367 bears the old press-marks 'XXIV' and '4057² '.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/913.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/913.jpg 914,604,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,554,"Written at Corbie or in some neighbouring centre in the North of France. The manuscript belonged to Colbert in whose collection it was numbered 784. In 1732 it came into the Royal collection where it bore the number 3887.3.3.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Sancti Blasii.",Parchment,,,"TM 66684",,"foll. 1v and 104",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510443v,"Script is the peculiar North French type designated by its two distinguishing letters, open **a** and **b**; **c** is often broken-backed and rises above the line; the bow of **d** is open when connected with the preceding letter; **e** often goes well below the line when it begins a sentence; the lower bow of **g** is curiously compressed; **h** inclines somewhat to the left; **o** frequently resembles a small uncial **ꝺ** and now and then it has a tag to the right; **r** goes below the line; **s** is short; **y** is short and dotted; suprascript **a** occurs; **i**-longa is used initially; the **ti** ligature has a characteristic form and is used for both hard and soft sounds; the **tu** ligature is frequent. The index of chapters is in characteristic 'Corbie' half-uncial. The Caroline hand on foll. 101v–104 uses **a** like two c's as well as the usual Caroline **a**; **d** and **n** have both uncial and minuscule forms; omission of **m** is marked by a curved stroke or a stroke with a dot above; **y** is dotted, with the first stroke curving to the right at the top—an Insular feature. Another contemporary Caroline hand entered on fol. 104: 'Habit codex iste sancti canonis quaternionis XIIII et folia quattuor et fiunt in summa folii cento sex.'",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/914,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914,"Script is the peculiar North French type designated by its two distinguishing letters, open a and b; c is often broken-backed and rises above the line; the bow of d is open when connected with the preceding letter; e often goes well below the line when it begins a sentence; the lower bow of g is curiously compressed; h inclines somewhat to the left; o frequently resembles a small uncial ꝺ and now and then it has a tag to the right; r goes below the line; s is short; y is short and dotted; suprascript a occurs; i-longa is used initially; the ti ligature has a characteristic form and is used for both hard and soft sounds; the tu ligature is frequent. The index of chapters is in characteristic 'Corbie' half-uncial. The Caroline hand on foll. 101v–104 uses a like two c's as well as the usual Caroline a; d and n have both uncial and minuscule forms; omission of m is marked by a curved stroke or a stroke with a dot above; y is dotted, with the first stroke curving to the right at the top—an Insular feature. Another contemporary Caroline hand entered on fol. 104: 'Habit codex iste sancti canonis quaternionis XIIII et folia quattuor et fiunt in summa folii cento sex.'
","Written at Corbie or in some neighbouring centre in the North of France. The manuscript belonged to Colbert in whose collection it was numbered 784. In 1732 it came into the Royal collection where it bore the number 3887.3.3.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/914.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/914.jpg 915,605,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,555,"Written probably in Burgundy, to judge by certain palaeographical features. Provenance Flavigny: on foll. 1v–2 running downward along the outer margin is the entry in Rustic capital, saec. IX–X, 'MONASTERIO SUM . . . FLAVINIACO'. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it was numbered 180; later No. 4241.4.4 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Canones S Gregorii; Gennadius, De Ecclesiasticis Dogmatibus; Canones (Collectio Herovalliana); etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66685",,"Image from the opening, foll. 75v-76 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90782435,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule (see notes), written by several hands: the distinguishing features are the **a** and **t** resembling Beneventan and the backward leaning **h**; the **ti** ligature is not infrequent; **i** after **t** descends below the line, as in Beneventan. ","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/915,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/915,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule (see notes), written by several hands: the distinguishing features are the a and t resembling Beneventan and the backward leaning h; the ti ligature is not infrequent; i after t descends below the line, as in Beneventan.
","Written probably in Burgundy, to judge by certain palaeographical features. Provenance Flavigny: on foll. 1v–2 running downward along the outer margin is the entry in Rustic capital, saec. IX–X, 'MONASTERIO SUM . . . FLAVINIACO'. Belonged to Baluze, in whose collection it was numbered 180; later No. 4241.4.4 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/915.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/915.jpg 916,606,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,556,"Written in France, probably in the North. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: on fol. 1 appears the entry 'Claudii Puteani' in the well-known hand. Another hand wrote in the lower margin of fol. l: '1585 contuli'. Later Regius 5185 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Isidorus, De Legibus; Lex Romana Visigothorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66686",,"foll. 36v and 181",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90782398,"Script in most of the manuscript is in a distinct type of early pre-Caroline minuscule, graceful and expert, written by more than one scribe: **N** is mostly majuscule; suprascript sickle-shaped **u** occurs occasionally in final syllables; in the crowded portion (foll. 179–184) the script approaches Merovingian cursive as in MS Lat. 17655, CLA [5.671](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056). The half-uncial lines have the flat-topped 3-shaped **ʒ** on the baseline as well as uncial **G**. The opening words of a section are now in uncial, now in half-uncial. The marginal hand in neat contemporary semi-cursive sometimes completes the end of sections (fol. 126v).","☛CLA date (VIII med.) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/916,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/916,"Script in most of the manuscript is in a distinct type of early pre-Caroline minuscule, graceful and expert, written by more than one scribe: N is mostly majuscule; suprascript sickle-shaped u occurs occasionally in final syllables; in the crowded portion (foll. 179–184) the script approaches Merovingian cursive as in MS Lat. 17655, CLA 5.671. The half-uncial lines have the flat-topped 3-shaped ʒ on the baseline as well as uncial G. The opening words of a section are now in uncial, now in half-uncial. The marginal hand in neat contemporary semi-cursive sometimes completes the end of sections (fol. 126v).
","Written in France, probably in the North. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: on fol. 1 appears the entry 'Claudii Puteani' in the well-known hand. Another hand wrote in the lower margin of fol. l: '1585 contuli'. Later Regius 5185 (see fol. 1).
","☛CLA date (VIII med.) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/916.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/916.jpg 917,607,"Italian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,557,"Written in Italy. Belonged to Aimar de Ranconet, a French magistrate and collector (†1559) who corrected the text: on fol. 179v is the entry 'Aem. Ranconeti'. The manuscript passed shortly afterwards into the Royal Library, as its binding bears the arms of Charles IX (†1574). Later Regius 513, 546, 5187 (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Iulianus Antecessor, Iustiniani Novellarum Epitome; Iustiniani et Iustini Constitutiones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66687",,"fol. 22v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9078281v,"Script is a well-formed minuscule resembling Beneventan of the early stage: **a** is still open, the left loop of **ꞇ** is not closed; the **c** is broken-backed; **d** has two forms; **i** goes below the line when preceded by **c**, **e**, **l**, **r**, **t**; the ligatures **fi** and **gi** lack the Beneventan form; **i**-longa occurs initially and when semi-vocal; the **ti** distinction is made; **y** is undotted; **et**, **nt** ligatures are frequent.",,,,15,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/917,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/917,"Script is a well-formed minuscule resembling Beneventan of the early stage: a is still open, the left loop of ꞇ is not closed; the c is broken-backed; d has two forms; i goes below the line when preceded by c, e, l, r, t; the ligatures fi and gi lack the Beneventan form; i-longa occurs initially and when semi-vocal; the ti distinction is made; y is undotted; et, nt ligatures are frequent.
","Written in Italy. Belonged to Aimar de Ranconet, a French magistrate and collector (†1559) who corrected the text: on fol. 179v is the entry 'Aem. Ranconeti'. The manuscript passed shortly afterwards into the Royal Library, as its binding bears the arms of Charles IX (†1574). Later Regius 513, 546, 5187 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/917.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/917.jpg 918,608,"B-type Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,5,558,"Written in East or North-east France. The uncial headings recall the type seen in the Sacramentarium Gelasianum (Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193, CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118), CLA 5, q.v.). The miscellany was purchased by Colbert, in whose collection it bore the number 2565. Later Regius 5203.3 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Symphosius, Aenigmata (initium).",Parchment,,,"TM 66688",,"fol. 121 ",,,"Script is an elegant minuscule, approximating the a-b type, with **a** like two contiguous c's (the characteristic **a** is found only when in ligature with the preceding letter), with the typical **b** and other letters hardly differing from the ab-type; sickle-shaped suprascript **u** occurs; **u** after **q** resembles a reclining s. ",,,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/918,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/918,"Script is an elegant minuscule, approximating the a-b type, with a like two contiguous c's (the characteristic a is found only when in ligature with the preceding letter), with the typical b and other letters hardly differing from the ab-type; sickle-shaped suprascript u occurs; u after q resembles a reclining s.
","Written in East or North-east France. The uncial headings recall the type seen in the Sacramentarium Gelasianum (Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193, CLA 1.105, CLA 5, q.v.). The miscellany was purchased by Colbert, in whose collection it bore the number 2565. Later Regius 5203.3 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/918.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/918.jpg 919,609,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,559,"Origin probably Northumbria. Bound with a volume which came from the Abbey of Moissac; the following entry in an eleventh century hand occurs on fol. 160v, originally blank: 'Hi sunt libri conditi in teca librorum cenobii Moysiacensis . . .' Belonged to J. A de Thou, whose name is seen on foll. 112, 142. There is little reason to suppose that our part came from Moissac. Was No. 687 in the Colbert collection and No. 3788.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (13.5–14.5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66689",,"fol. 161v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8552412w,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule, the letters having a compressed appearance: **a** is rather broad and **ꝺ** is regularly uncial; initial uncial **A** at the beginning of sections has a thorn-shaped bow which plunges boldly below the line—a Northumbrian characteristic; **e** is often theta-shaped; s-like **Ᵹ** passim; **q** is usually open at the top and has an angular bow. Descenders are pointed and go well below the line; some are sinuous (cf. CLA [2.152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/919,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/919,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule, the letters having a compressed appearance: a is rather broad and ꝺ is regularly uncial; initial uncial A at the beginning of sections has a thorn-shaped bow which plunges boldly below the line—a Northumbrian characteristic; e is often theta-shaped; s-like Ᵹ passim; q is usually open at the top and has an angular bow. Descenders are pointed and go well below the line; some are sinuous (cf. CLA 2.152).
","Origin probably Northumbria. Bound with a volume which came from the Abbey of Moissac; the following entry in an eleventh century hand occurs on fol. 160v, originally blank: 'Hi sunt libri conditi in teca librorum cenobii Moysiacensis . . .' Belonged to J. A de Thou, whose name is seen on foll. 112, 142. There is little reason to suppose that our part came from Moissac. Was No. 687 in the Colbert collection and No. 3788.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/919.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/919.jpg 920,610,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VIII²,751,800,5,560,"Written doubtless in Northern France, probably in the Corbie area. The same mixed type is found in titles and rubrics of manuscripts in the eN-type and those written for Abbot Maurdramnus of Corbie. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: on fol. 1 in a sixteenth-century hand is the entry 'Cl. Puteani'. Later Regius MS 4901 (see fol. 1). A seventeenth-century copy of this manuscript saec. XVI–XVII is now MS Hamburg Stadtbibliothek 269.",,,,"Georgius of Amiens, Chronica (Barbarus Scaligeri).",Parchment,,,"TM 66690",,"foll. 17 and 28 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84790083,"Script is a curious mixture of uncial and half-uncial elements, a transition from majuscule to minuscule, of a type found in manuscripts of the North of France; there are quires which are in the main uncial (foll. 41–48) and others in the main half-uncial (foll. 33–39v): **A** frequently has the capital form; the medial stroke of **N** is usually low; the half-uncial hand writes two forms of **D**, a flat-topped **Ᵹ** like an Arabic 3 perched on the base-line, an **m** with the last bow very roundish, **N** with the cross-stroke almost horizontal and very low; **LL** run together; **Y** is occasionally dotted. On fol. 1 under an erased line which probably revealed the home of the manuscript, stands the title in Caroline minuscule, saec. IX–X, which reads: 'Cronica georgii ambianensis episcopi'; another hand added soon after: 'uel sicut alii dicunt uictoris turonensis episcopi'. Georgius was bishop of Amiens in 798.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/920,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/920,"Script is a curious mixture of uncial and half-uncial elements, a transition from majuscule to minuscule, of a type found in manuscripts of the North of France; there are quires which are in the main uncial (foll. 41–48) and others in the main half-uncial (foll. 33–39v): A frequently has the capital form; the medial stroke of N is usually low; the half-uncial hand writes two forms of D, a flat-topped Ᵹ like an Arabic 3 perched on the base-line, an m with the last bow very roundish, N with the cross-stroke almost horizontal and very low; LL run together; Y is occasionally dotted. On fol. 1 under an erased line which probably revealed the home of the manuscript, stands the title in Caroline minuscule, saec. IX–X, which reads: 'Cronica georgii ambianensis episcopi'; another hand added soon after: 'uel sicut alii dicunt uictoris turonensis episcopi'. Georgius was bishop of Amiens in 798.
","Written doubtless in Northern France, probably in the Corbie area. The same mixed type is found in titles and rubrics of manuscripts in the eN-type and those written for Abbot Maurdramnus of Corbie. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: on fol. 1 in a sixteenth-century hand is the entry 'Cl. Puteani'. Later Regius MS 4901 (see fol. 1). A seventeenth-century copy of this manuscript saec. XVI–XVII is now MS Hamburg Stadtbibliothek 269.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/920.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/920.jpg 921,611,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,561,"Written probably in East France or Switzerland, to judge by the script. The fragment belonged to Baluze, in whose library it was bound up with other miscellaneous fragments forming Volume 439. In the Royal collection it bore the number 3863.5.",,,,"Passio S Alexandri; Isidorus, Etymologiae (Excerpta, 11, 13, 14).",Parchment,,,"TM 66691",,"foll. 1 and 9 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85722454,"Script is bold pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: in the first hand the letters tend to lean distinctly to the left; the shafts of **b**, **d**, and **l** are markedly club-shaped; **a** has two forms: **a** and open **a**; both **d** and **ꝺ** occur; the first and last strokes of **z** are distinctly curved (the first concave, the last the reverse); in the second hand the stem of **ꝺ** has a characteristic break; **ꞇ** in both hands recalls the Rhaetian form with a closed loop at the left; some ligatures occur.","☛=CLA [6.785](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1198). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2583a.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/921,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/921,"Script is bold pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: in the first hand the letters tend to lean distinctly to the left; the shafts of b, d, and l are markedly club-shaped; a has two forms: a and open a; both d and ꝺ occur; the first and last strokes of z are distinctly curved (the first concave, the last the reverse); in the second hand the stem of ꝺ has a characteristic break; ꞇ in both hands recalls the Rhaetian form with a closed loop at the left; some ligatures occur.
","Written probably in East France or Switzerland, to judge by the script. The fragment belonged to Baluze, in whose library it was bound up with other miscellaneous fragments forming Volume 439. In the Royal collection it bore the number 3863.5.
","☛=CLA 6.785. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2583a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/921.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/921.jpg 922,612,Uncial,V¹,401,450,5,562,"Written doubtless in Italy. Read at Avellino near Naples soon after the book was written. The MS probably belonged to the library of Corbie. A copy of it was made at Tours saec. VIII–IX which is now Vatic. Regin. Lat. 762 (CLA [1.109](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/123)). The MS contained only foll. 1–469 when in the library of Dupuy; fol. 470, added in the seventeenth century, still bears part of a note in the hand of D. A. Le Michel: '. . . nobili exemplari superesse hic apud Corbiense cenobium.' One leaf now lost was once in the possession of Fulvio Orsini. A fifteenth-sixteenth-century press-mark stands at the top of fol. 1. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: 'Claudii Puteani', whose son, Jacques Dupuy, left it to the Royal Library where it was numbered 5255 (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (Decas 3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66692",,"fol. 77v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8470112j,"Script is a superbly calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the upper loop of **B** is small; the eye of uncial **E** is open and the tongue high; the tail of **G** is short; **L** is just rounded at the base-line; uncial **M** is broad and the first stroke is straight; **N** is broad; the axis of **O** is well inclined to the left; **F**, **P**, **T** are narrow; the crotch of **Y** is above the base-line, sometimes above the head-line; at line-ends uncial **AE**, **NT**, **US**, **UR** often occur in ligature; in the **UI** ligature the **I** is formed by prolonging the second stroke of **U**. Marginalia in very old (saec. V) cursive are seen on foll. 23v, 91, 107, 183v, and on other pages, now erased. A contemporary cursive hand entered at the end of certain books: 'recognobi abellini' (foll. 22, 225v) or 'recognobi ubiꞅ' (= ubi supra, fol. 127), 'recognobi uoꞅ' (fol. 77v) or simply 'recognobi' (foll. 281v, 342v, 442).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/922,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/922,"Script is a superbly calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the upper loop of B is small; the eye of uncial E is open and the tongue high; the tail of G is short; L is just rounded at the base-line; uncial M is broad and the first stroke is straight; N is broad; the axis of O is well inclined to the left; F, P, T are narrow; the crotch of Y is above the base-line, sometimes above the head-line; at line-ends uncial AE, NT, US, UR often occur in ligature; in the UI ligature the I is formed by prolonging the second stroke of U. Marginalia in very old (saec. V) cursive are seen on foll. 23v, 91, 107, 183v, and on other pages, now erased. A contemporary cursive hand entered at the end of certain books: 'recognobi abellini' (foll. 22, 225v) or 'recognobi ubiꞅ' (= ubi supra, fol. 127), 'recognobi uoꞅ' (fol. 77v) or simply 'recognobi' (foll. 281v, 342v, 442).
","Written doubtless in Italy. Read at Avellino near Naples soon after the book was written. The MS probably belonged to the library of Corbie. A copy of it was made at Tours saec. VIII–IX which is now Vatic. Regin. Lat. 762 (CLA 1.109). The MS contained only foll. 1–469 when in the library of Dupuy; fol. 470, added in the seventeenth century, still bears part of a note in the hand of D. A. Le Michel: '. . . nobili exemplari superesse hic apud Corbiense cenobium.' One leaf now lost was once in the possession of Fulvio Orsini. A fifteenth-sixteenth-century press-mark stands at the top of fol. 1. Belonged to Cl. Dupuy: 'Claudii Puteani', whose son, Jacques Dupuy, left it to the Royal Library where it was numbered 5255 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/922.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/922.jpg 923,613,Uncial,V,401,500,5,563,"Written doubtless in Italy. The manuscript was at Fleury by the ninth century: a Fleury ex-libris in tiny Rustic capital saec. IX running down the right-hand margin is seen on fol. 1: 'CODEX BEATI BENEDICTI FLORIAC.' It had the number DCCCCXVII in the Rigault catalogue of 1622, the number 1005 in the Dupuy catalogue of 1645, and 5504 in the Royal collection catalogued in 1688. The binding bears the arms of Charles IX (†1574).",3,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66693",,"foll. 8v and 287v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066535r,"Script is a beautiful expert uncial of the oldest type: the upper bows of **B** and **R** are very small, the eye of uncial **E** is high and closed; the tail of **G** is very small; **N** is broad. A ninth-century entry in the margin of fol. 1v is in a familiar hand found in other MSS from Fleury. For the portion in the Vatican library see CLA [1, p. 34](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/129).","☛Mostert, Fleury BF347, BF809, BF812, BF1074, BF1532. ☛See CLA [10.**563](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/153).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/923,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/923,"Script is a beautiful expert uncial of the oldest type: the upper bows of B and R are very small, the eye of uncial E is high and closed; the tail of G is very small; N is broad. A ninth-century entry in the margin of fol. 1v is in a familiar hand found in other MSS from Fleury. For the portion in the Vatican library see CLA 1, p. 34.
","Written doubtless in Italy. The manuscript was at Fleury by the ninth century: a Fleury ex-libris in tiny Rustic capital saec. IX running down the right-hand margin is seen on fol. 1: 'CODEX BEATI BENEDICTI FLORIAC.' It had the number DCCCCXVII in the Rigault catalogue of 1622, the number 1005 in the Dupuy catalogue of 1645, and 5504 in the Royal collection catalogued in 1688. The binding bears the arms of Charles IX (†1574).
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF347, BF809, BF812, BF1074, BF1532. ☛See CLA 10.**563.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/923.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/923.jpg 925,614,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,5,564a,"Written probably in France. The manuscript was at Fleury at latest by the ninth century: on fol. 130, between the two columns, is seen the minuscule entry, saec. IX: 'hic est liber Sancti benedicti de floriaco'. Belonged to the library of Claude Dupuy whence it came into the Royal collection where it bore the number 5367.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum (1–46.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66694",,"fol. 130 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154335,"Script is a well-formed uncial of a late type: the stem of **Y** is made by continuing the right branch; fol. 113v has the Capitula in half-uncial with occasional intrusion of uncial **B** and **G**; the trick of using capital **DE** in uncial chapter-headings seems a characteristic of North France (cf. CLA [5.574](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/938)).","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1080–1.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/925,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/925,"Script is a well-formed uncial of a late type: the stem of Y is made by continuing the right branch; fol. 113v has the Capitula in half-uncial with occasional intrusion of uncial B and G; the trick of using capital DE in uncial chapter-headings seems a characteristic of North France (cf. CLA 5.574).
","Written probably in France. The manuscript was at Fleury at latest by the ninth century: on fol. 130, between the two columns, is seen the minuscule entry, saec. IX: 'hic est liber Sancti benedicti de floriaco'. Belonged to the library of Claude Dupuy whence it came into the Royal collection where it bore the number 5367.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1080–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/925.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/925.jpg 926,617,Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,564b,"Origin probably North France, to judge by certain script peculiarities and by the manner of ruling quires. For later history see preceding items (CLA [5.564a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/925), [565](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/927), [566](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/928)).",,,,"Isidorus, De officiis. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66697",,"fol. 169 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154335,"Script is a small, not very expert uncial of a late type with strokes often left unjoined. The contemporary half-uncial seen on fol. 147 is a distinctly French type. The trick of using capital **DE** in the Capitula written in uncial, and of introducing other letters in capitals in the otherwise uncial chapter-headings seems characteristic of scribes from the North of France.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1082.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/926,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/926,"Script is a small, not very expert uncial of a late type with strokes often left unjoined. The contemporary half-uncial seen on fol. 147 is a distinctly French type. The trick of using capital DE in the Capitula written in uncial, and of introducing other letters in capitals in the otherwise uncial chapter-headings seems characteristic of scribes from the North of France.
","Origin probably North France, to judge by certain script peculiarities and by the manner of ruling quires. For later history see preceding items (CLA 5.564a, 565, 566).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1082.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/926.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/926.jpg 927,615,Uncial,V,401,500,5,565,"Origin in all probability Africa. For later history of the manuscript see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/925).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Catholicae (Vetus latina, Iac, 1 Pt, 2 Pt, 1 Io, 2 Io, 3 Io, Iud, Apc) (fragm.).",Parchment,"Palimpsestum Floriacense. Fleury Palimpsest.",,"TM 66695",,"fol. 113v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154335,"Script is an old type of uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the upper bows of **B**, **P**, **R**, **S**, and the eye of uncial **E** are suggested by a mere comma-like stroke; **N** is broad.","☛CLA provenance (uncertain, presumably Italy) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/927,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/927,"Script is an old type of uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the upper bows of B, P, R, S, and the eye of uncial E are suggested by a mere comma-like stroke; N is broad.
","Origin in all probability Africa. For later history of the manuscript see preceding item.
","☛CLA provenance (uncertain, presumably Italy) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/927.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/927.jpg 928,616,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,5,566,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. For later history see CLA [5.564a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/925).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Nm, Dt) (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66696",,"fol. 141v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154335,"Script is a neat half-uncial of an old type: **f** and **ꞅ** descend slightly below the line; the oblique stroke of **N** is thin.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/928,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/928,"Script is a neat half-uncial of an old type: f and ꞅ descend slightly below the line; the oblique stroke of N is thin.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. For later history see CLA 5.564a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/928.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/928.jpg 929,618,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,5,567,"Written in North-east France, probably in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 and Paris Lat. 10399 + 10400 (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118) and [5.594](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/961)). Belonged to Cl. Dupuy. Later in the Royal Library as No. 5487 (see fol. 1). The Karlsruhe fragment got separated from the main manuscript as early as the sixteenth century.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66698",,"fol. 39v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90671222,"Script is a careful uncial, apparently by one hand, of the type described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)): **ꝺ** resembles an apple with a stem; the tail of **G** is like a shallow **S**; the bows of uncial **M** rise branch-like above the base-line; the second upright of **N** leans to the left; the top of **S** is small; **X** is high-waisted; thin descenders start at the base-line. A marginal entry in Merovingian cursive, now half cut off by the binder, is seen at the top of fol. 88v. Certain features (for m-stroke, nsroru for nostrorum,ꝓ for per, and 'nicilo') point to a Visigothic exemplar. Notae Tironianae here and there.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/929,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929,"Script is a careful uncial, apparently by one hand, of the type described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105): ꝺ resembles an apple with a stem; the tail of G is like a shallow S; the bows of uncial M rise branch-like above the base-line; the second upright of N leans to the left; the top of S is small; X is high-waisted; thin descenders start at the base-line. A marginal entry in Merovingian cursive, now half cut off by the binder, is seen at the top of fol. 88v. Certain features (for m-stroke, nsroru for nostrorum,ꝓ for per, and 'nicilo') point to a Visigothic exemplar. Notae Tironianae here and there.
","Written in North-east France, probably in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 and Paris Lat. 10399 + 10400 (CLA 1.105 and 5.594). Belonged to Cl. Dupuy. Later in the Royal Library as No. 5487 (see fol. 1). The Karlsruhe fragment got separated from the main manuscript as early as the sixteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/929.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/929.jpg 930,620,"Mixed Minuscule","VIII–IX (c. 797)",797,800,5,568,"Written presumably in the Fleury area, possibly at Fleury itself. The date is fixed by paschal tables. Part of the manuscript was copied at Fleury in the early ninth century, the copy is now Leiden Voss. Lat. Q. 86. A Fleury ex-libris saec. IX–X is seen on fol. 141 of the Bern portion. The complete manuscript belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603), the Bern portion to Jacques Bongars (1554–1612), who bequeathed it to the city of Bern. The miscellany containing the Paris portion was No. 3655 in the Colbert collection and No. 5491.5 in the Royal Library.",,,,"Corpus Grammaticorum: Donatus, Asper, Sergius, Iulianus Toletanus; Probus, De Ultimis Syllabis; Alcuinus, De Grammatica; Beda, De Schematibus et Tropis; Isidorus, Etymologiae (1); etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66699",,"Image from MS. Lat. 7520, fol. 6 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84900632,"Script is a curious type of mixed minuscule, found also in Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7) (CLA [7.855](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1308)) and Wolfenbüttel, Helmst. 455 (fly-leaf) (CLA [9.1380](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1883)): open **a** predominates; **g** resembles the Insular form and is s-shaped in ligature: suprascript **u** is frequent in final syllables; many ligatures recall Insular forms. Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1112.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/930,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/930,"Script is a curious type of mixed minuscule, found also in Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7) (CLA 7.855) and Wolfenbüttel, Helmst. 455 (fly-leaf) (CLA 9.1380): open a predominates; g resembles the Insular form and is s-shaped in ligature: suprascript u is frequent in final syllables; many ligatures recall Insular forms. Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written presumably in the Fleury area, possibly at Fleury itself. The date is fixed by paschal tables. Part of the manuscript was copied at Fleury in the early ninth century, the copy is now Leiden Voss. Lat. Q. 86. A Fleury ex-libris saec. IX–X is seen on fol. 141 of the Bern portion. The complete manuscript belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603), the Bern portion to Jacques Bongars (1554–1612), who bequeathed it to the city of Bern. The miscellany containing the Paris portion was No. 3655 in the Colbert collection and No. 5491.5 in the Royal Library.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1112.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/930.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/930.jpg 931,621,"Early Beneventan","VIII² (779–797)",779,797,5,569,"Written at Monte Cassino between the years 779 and 797, as is seen from the calendar and the paschal tables. Belonged to the chapter of Beneventum in the fifteenth century: at the bottom of fol. 1 stands the erased fifteenth century ex-libris 'lib(er) ecc(lesi)e ben(eventan)e'. In the seventeenth century the manuscript belonged to Le Tellier, Archbishop of Rheims, who in 1700 presented his collection to the Royal Library: the front fly-leaf has the ex-libris 'Codex Telleriano-Remensis 170'. It bore the number 5507.2 in the Royal collection.",,41.48733138,13.8083301,"Grammatica Varia; Kalendarium; Tabulae Paschales; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66700",,"fol. 146v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84900617,"Script is an early type of the South Italian minuscule known as Beneventan, written by one hand (except for fol. 214 and quire 30 = foll. 222–227): **a** resembles two contiguous c's open at the top; **c** is broken-backed; **d** has two forms; **i**-longa is used initially and semivocally; **t** with loop to the left mostly open; **ei**, **fi**, **li**, **ri**, and **ti** are always in ligature and the **i** goes below the line; the two sounds of ti are distinguished. Greek words occur frequently and are well written. Marginalia in almost contemporary Beneventan occur on fol. 141v.","☛L. Holtz, Le Parisinus Latinus 7530, synthèse cassinienne des arts libéraux, Stud. Med. s. 3, 16 (1975), pp. 97–152. ☛Beneventan script, cf. V. Brown, in: Manuscripts and tradition of grammatical texts, pp. 389–414. ☛F. Romanini, Malli Theodori de metris, Collectanea Grammatica Latina 6, Hildesheim 2007, pp. CXXVIII–CXXXIII (Mallius Theodoros). ☛I. Machielsen, Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), pp. 45–46. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 42](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/062_tav042a.pdf).",,1,14,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/931,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/931,"Script is an early type of the South Italian minuscule known as Beneventan, written by one hand (except for fol. 214 and quire 30 = foll. 222–227): a resembles two contiguous c's open at the top; c is broken-backed; d has two forms; i-longa is used initially and semivocally; t with loop to the left mostly open; ei, fi, li, ri, and ti are always in ligature and the i goes below the line; the two sounds of ti are distinguished. Greek words occur frequently and are well written. Marginalia in almost contemporary Beneventan occur on fol. 141v.
","Written at Monte Cassino between the years 779 and 797, as is seen from the calendar and the paschal tables. Belonged to the chapter of Beneventum in the fifteenth century: at the bottom of fol. 1 stands the erased fifteenth century ex-libris 'lib(er) ecc(lesi)e ben(eventan)e'. In the seventeenth century the manuscript belonged to Le Tellier, Archbishop of Rheims, who in 1700 presented his collection to the Royal Library: the front fly-leaf has the ex-libris 'Codex Telleriano-Remensis 170'. It bore the number 5507.2 in the Royal collection.
","☛L. Holtz, Le Parisinus Latinus 7530, synthèse cassinienne des arts libéraux, Stud. Med. s. 3, 16 (1975), pp. 97–152. ☛Beneventan script, cf. V. Brown, in: Manuscripts and tradition of grammatical texts, pp. 389–414. ☛F. Romanini, Malli Theodori de metris, Collectanea Grammatica Latina 6, Hildesheim 2007, pp. CXXVIII–CXXXIII (Mallius Theodoros). ☛I. Machielsen, Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), pp. 45–46. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 42.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/931.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/931.jpg 932,622,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,5,570,"Written in the Corbie region, doubtless in the same centre as Paris Lat. 13048 with which it agrees in size and number of lines to a page (cf. CLA [5.650](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1030)). Belonged to Dupuy (†1594): 'Claudii Puteani' is seen on fol. 1. Later Regius 5519 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Proba, Cento.",Parchment,,,"TM 66701",,"fol. 137v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510431j,"Script is an expert specimen of the advanced a-b type. On this type of minuscule see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2317.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/932,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/932,"Script is an expert specimen of the advanced a-b type. On this type of minuscule see CLA 5.554.
","Written in the Corbie region, doubtless in the same centre as Paris Lat. 13048 with which it agrees in size and number of lines to a page (cf. CLA 5.650). Belonged to Dupuy (†1594): 'Claudii Puteani' is seen on fol. 1. Later Regius 5519 (see fol. 1).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2317.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/932.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/932.jpg 933,623,"Rustic Capital","VI in (c. 527)",526,528,5,571a,"Written doubtless in Italy. Belonged to the Dupuy collection (Melot, 4, 426) which passed into the Royal Library in 1657 where this manuscript bore the number 4017 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Prudentius, Carmina.",Parchment,,,"TM 66702",,"fol. 29v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9067020w,"Script is a pure Rustic capital of a late type by two scribes: **G** ends in a thick down-stroke; the hasta of **E** and **F** transect the stem; **F** and **L** rise well above other letters; **H** is K-shaped; the vertical strokes of **M** are almost upright; **U** has the uncial form with the second stroke upright and thin. A contemporary hand using sloping b-d uncial notes the metre of each poem in the margin; the same hand entered on fol. 45 the subscription '+Vettius agorius basilius', referring to the well-known Vettius Agorius Basilius Mavortius who annotated Horace and was consul in the West for the year 527. This gives the approximate date of the entry and the main text does not seem much older. The added leaves in uncial furnish corroborative evidence, since they seem of the first half of the sixth century.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/933,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/933,"Script is a pure Rustic capital of a late type by two scribes: G ends in a thick down-stroke; the hasta of E and F transect the stem; F and L rise well above other letters; H is K-shaped; the vertical strokes of M are almost upright; U has the uncial form with the second stroke upright and thin. A contemporary hand using sloping b-d uncial notes the metre of each poem in the margin; the same hand entered on fol. 45 the subscription '+Vettius agorius basilius', referring to the well-known Vettius Agorius Basilius Mavortius who annotated Horace and was consul in the West for the year 527. This gives the approximate date of the entry and the main text does not seem much older. The added leaves in uncial furnish corroborative evidence, since they seem of the first half of the sixth century.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Belonged to the Dupuy collection (Melot, 4, 426) which passed into the Royal Library in 1657 where this manuscript bore the number 4017 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/933.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/933.jpg 934,624,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,5,571b,"For origin and provenance see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/933).",,,,"Anonymous, Carmen adversus paganos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66703",,"fol. 156v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9067020w,"Script is a broad round uncial, the letters firmly and precisely formed: **F**, **P**, and uncial **Q** are confined between the two lines; the stem of **Y** rests on the line. The uncial hand is contemporary with the Rustic; it is thus a help in dating uncial script.","☛A. Cameron, The last pagans of Rome, pp. 273–319.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/934,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/934,"Script is a broad round uncial, the letters firmly and precisely formed: F, P, and uncial Q are confined between the two lines; the stem of Y rests on the line. The uncial hand is contemporary with the Rustic; it is thus a help in dating uncial script.
","For origin and provenance see preceding item.
","☛A. Cameron, The last pagans of Rome, pp. 273–319.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/934.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/934.jpg 936,625,"Uncial and Quarter-Uncial",V¹,401,450,5,572,"Written in Italy, probably in the North. The manuscript must have been in the abbey of St Père of Chartres as early as the eleventh century, since it is found in a catalogue of that library made in that century. Removed from Chartres to the Bibliothèque Nationale by Dom Poirier in 1793.",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate; Ambrosius, De Fide; Gesta Concilii Aquileiensis; Maximinus, Contra Ambrosium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66704",,"foll. 49, 306v, and 343",,,"Script is an elegant comely uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye is closed; **F**, **L**, **P** are slim and do not go below the line. The less expert uncial corrector uses strikingly high-waisted **N**. Contemporary interlinear and marginal notes in very interesting tiny cursive quarter-uncial on foll. 224v, 277v. Notae Tironianae occur (224v, 260, et passim). The extensive text occupying the entire outer margins of foll. 298–311v and 336–349 is in a rapid, expert quarter-uncial by more than one scribe: it is partly cut off by the binder and stained by reagent. Characteristic features are **N** with the sagging middle-stroke and the **i**-longa after **r** and **t**.","☛CLA date (V med.) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and P. Supino Martini, Il bibliotecario 6 (1985), pp. 111–13. ☛R. Gryson and L. Gilissen. 'Paléographie et critique littéraire : Réflexions méthodologiques à propos du Parisinus latinus 8907.' [Scriptorium 35 (1981) 334–340](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1981_num_35_2_1234). ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/936,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/936,"Script is an elegant comely uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye is closed; F, L, P are slim and do not go below the line. The less expert uncial corrector uses strikingly high-waisted N. Contemporary interlinear and marginal notes in very interesting tiny cursive quarter-uncial on foll. 224v, 277v. Notae Tironianae occur (224v, 260, et passim). The extensive text occupying the entire outer margins of foll. 298–311v and 336–349 is in a rapid, expert quarter-uncial by more than one scribe: it is partly cut off by the binder and stained by reagent. Characteristic features are N with the sagging middle-stroke and the i-longa after r and t.
","Written in Italy, probably in the North. The manuscript must have been in the abbey of St Père of Chartres as early as the eleventh century, since it is found in a catalogue of that library made in that century. Removed from Chartres to the Bibliothèque Nationale by Dom Poirier in 1793.
","☛CLA date (V med.) changed to follow CLA 6, p. X and P. Supino Martini, Il bibliotecario 6 (1985), pp. 111–13. ☛R. Gryson and L. Gilissen. 'Paléographie et critique littéraire : Réflexions méthodologiques à propos du Parisinus latinus 8907.' Scriptorium 35 (1981) 334–340.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/936.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/936.jpg 937,626,"Cursive Minuscule",VI,501,600,5,573,"Written doubtless in France, probably in Burgundy. Seen by Guillaume Paradin in the Cathedral of Lyon in 1573. The first 14 folios and the fragments constituting MS Lat. 8914 were the property of de Thou (†1617). They entered the Royal Library before 1731, where they were first catalogued as Suppl. Lat. 668. Fol. 15 was discovered in Paris Lat. 11859 from St Germain des Prés, which had been bought at Lyon for Séguier in 1626.",,,,"Avitus Viennensis, Epistulae et Homiliae (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 59331",,"Image from MS. Lat. 8913, fol. 15v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10303684w,"Script is a bold, rapid cursive minuscule of an unmistakably Merovingian type: **c** rises above other letters; the stem of **l** buckles to the left near the base-line; **n** occasionally has the majuscule form; **y** is v-shaped and undotted; the bows of **d** and **q** in ligature are open; the **ti** in ligature has a characteristic form; suprascript **a** in ligature is frequent; the sideways open **a** also occurs; the form of the **ex** ligature becomes characteristic of Merovingian charters. Sixteenth-century interlinear additions passim; the name 'choisnyn' saec. XVI is seen on fol. 8.","☛P. Gasnault, 'Fragment retrouvé du manuscrit sur papyrus des homélies de saint Avit' Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, [138 (1994) 315–23](http://www.persee.fr/docAsPDF/crai_0065-0536_1994_num_138_2_15360.pdf). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 24](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/037_tav024.pdf).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/937,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/937,"Script is a bold, rapid cursive minuscule of an unmistakably Merovingian type: c rises above other letters; the stem of l buckles to the left near the base-line; n occasionally has the majuscule form; y is v-shaped and undotted; the bows of d and q in ligature are open; the ti in ligature has a characteristic form; suprascript a in ligature is frequent; the sideways open a also occurs; the form of the ex ligature becomes characteristic of Merovingian charters. Sixteenth-century interlinear additions passim; the name 'choisnyn' saec. XVI is seen on fol. 8.
","Written doubtless in France, probably in Burgundy. Seen by Guillaume Paradin in the Cathedral of Lyon in 1573. The first 14 folios and the fragments constituting MS Lat. 8914 were the property of de Thou (†1617). They entered the Royal Library before 1731, where they were first catalogued as Suppl. Lat. 668. Fol. 15 was discovered in Paris Lat. 11859 from St Germain des Prés, which had been bought at Lyon for Séguier in 1626.
","☛P. Gasnault, 'Fragment retrouvé du manuscrit sur papyrus des homélies de saint Avit' Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 138 (1994) 315–23. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 24.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/937.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/937.jpg 938,627,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,5,574,"Written presumably at Corbie. The manuscript was at Beauvais in the thirteenth century: on fol. 1 and again on fol. 70v stands the ex-libris 'Sci petri belvacensis' in a thirteenth-century hand. The Paris part of the manuscript had the press-mark 'Suppl. 1. 331’ (see fol. 9). The first part belonged to Prosper Tarbé (†1871) of Rheims and was given to the library of Rheims by his daughter in 1891. The Mayor of Rheims ceded it to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1907 (see note pasted to the front fly-leaf).",,,,"Canones (Collectio Dionysio-Hadriana).",Parchment,,,"TM 66705",,"fol. 112v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90670308,"Script is an expert specimen of the 'Corbie' a-b minuscule with the well-known characteristics of that type (see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)): uncial **A** is used occasionally to save space; there is a tendency to distinguish between the two sounds of ti, the **i** being longer when **ti** is sibilant (cf. foll. 33 sqq.). The uncial used for headings is of a definite type: the forms of **ꝺ**, **G**, **N**, and **T** are noteworthy. Two additions (foll. 26, 56v) are in early Caroline saec. VIII–IX; marginal glosses are saec. X.","☛ Formerly Rheims, Bibliothèque Municipale 2102.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/938,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/938,"Script is an expert specimen of the 'Corbie' a-b minuscule with the well-known characteristics of that type (see CLA 5.554): uncial A is used occasionally to save space; there is a tendency to distinguish between the two sounds of ti, the i being longer when ti is sibilant (cf. foll. 33 sqq.). The uncial used for headings is of a definite type: the forms of ꝺ, G, N, and T are noteworthy. Two additions (foll. 26, 56v) are in early Caroline saec. VIII–IX; marginal glosses are saec. X.
","Written presumably at Corbie. The manuscript was at Beauvais in the thirteenth century: on fol. 1 and again on fol. 70v stands the ex-libris 'Sci petri belvacensis' in a thirteenth-century hand. The Paris part of the manuscript had the press-mark 'Suppl. 1. 331’ (see fol. 9). The first part belonged to Prosper Tarbé (†1871) of Rheims and was given to the library of Rheims by his daughter in 1891. The Mayor of Rheims ceded it to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1907 (see note pasted to the front fly-leaf).
","☛ Formerly Rheims, Bibliothèque Municipale 2102.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/938.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/938.jpg 939,628,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,5,575,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The Pliny leaf was most likely removed from the binding of a St Amand manuscript: on fol. 26 is the old press-mark 175 h, which bears striking resemblance to other St Amand press-marks; the next leaf (fol. 27) is also taken from a St Amand manuscript. Our miscellany entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1877 (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (18.9–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66706",,"fol. 26 ",,,"Script is a somewhat stolid, broadish uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the eye of uncial **E** is high and often closed; **ꝺ**, **G**, uncial **M**, and uncial **Q** are broad; the cross-bar of **T** is short; the crotch of **Y** is made of two curves rising branch-like above the head-line; the top and bottom strokes of **Z** are flat.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/939,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/939,"Script is a somewhat stolid, broadish uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the lower bow of B protrudes; the eye of uncial E is high and often closed; ꝺ, G, uncial M, and uncial Q are broad; the cross-bar of T is short; the crotch of Y is made of two curves rising branch-like above the head-line; the top and bottom strokes of Z are flat.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The Pliny leaf was most likely removed from the binding of a St Amand manuscript: on fol. 26 is the old press-mark 175 h, which bears striking resemblance to other St Amand press-marks; the next leaf (fol. 27) is also taken from a St Amand manuscript. Our miscellany entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1877 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/939.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/939.jpg 940,629,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,576,"Written presumably at Orléans or Fleury for Theodulf, bishop of Orléans before 798 and at the same time abbot of St Aignan, Micy, and Fleury. Was at the Cathedral of Orléans in the eleventh century, as attested by a charter which stands on fol. 346v. Belonged to the Mesmes family in the seventeenth century. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale after the Revolution as Suppl. Lat. 687. A sister manuscript is the Bible at Le Puy.",,,,"Biblia (Vulgata).",Parchment,,,"TM 66707",,"foll. 4v and 348v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452776m,"Script is a very careful, regular, tiny Caroline minuscule, smaller still in the Praefationes (foll. 131v, 229, 231v, 235, etc.). The poems at the beginning and end of the MS are in very regular small uncial in which, curiously enough, **Q** is mostly capital. Variant readings occur in the margins, preceded by a signe de renvoi and abbreviations with **ał** or **ā** or **s̄**.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/940,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/940,"Script is a very careful, regular, tiny Caroline minuscule, smaller still in the Praefationes (foll. 131v, 229, 231v, 235, etc.). The poems at the beginning and end of the MS are in very regular small uncial in which, curiously enough, Q is mostly capital. Variant readings occur in the margins, preceded by a signe de renvoi and abbreviations with ał or ā or s̄.
","Written presumably at Orléans or Fleury for Theodulf, bishop of Orléans before 798 and at the same time abbot of St Aignan, Micy, and Fleury. Was at the Cathedral of Orléans in the eleventh century, as attested by a charter which stands on fol. 346v. Belonged to the Mesmes family in the seventeenth century. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale after the Revolution as Suppl. Lat. 687. A sister manuscript is the Bible at Le Puy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/940.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/940.jpg 941,630,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII in",701,725,5,577,"Written doubtless in the same centre as the Calendar of St Willibrord (CLA [5.606a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/975)) and the [Maihingen Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1694), presumably at Echternach. The Vergilius who wrote part of the manuscript is probably identical with the Vergilius who wrote a charter for Willibrord dated 709. The manuscript remained at Echternach till its abstraction by Maugérard together with other Echternach manuscripts. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1423 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus. Prophetae (Vulgata, Ier–Mal).",Parchment,,,"TM 66708",,"fol. 75 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90767290,"Script, by different but rather similar hands, is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **a** usually has the broad form like contiguous oc; a curious capital **A** with the left descender prolonged in a curve to the left occurs chiefly at the beginning of words; **ꝺ** and **s** mostly majuscule, **r** consistently half-uncial, **n** has both forms; **y** is either like a reversed c with a hook to the right or has both branches leaning to the right, resembling the half-uncial f; **g** in ligature here and there resembles an elongated s; **z** goes boldly below the line. Various ligatures also occur in the few minuscule portions (fol. 91v). Corrections and additions in almost contemporary Anglo-Saxon and in early Caroline minuscule. At the end of Jeremiah, the scribe Vergilius ('falso qui fungor Vergili nomine') addresses the reader in verse (fol. 45v). Probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon and Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X are found on the last page, originally left blank.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/941,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/941,"Script, by different but rather similar hands, is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule: a usually has the broad form like contiguous oc; a curious capital A with the left descender prolonged in a curve to the left occurs chiefly at the beginning of words; ꝺ and s mostly majuscule, r consistently half-uncial, n has both forms; y is either like a reversed c with a hook to the right or has both branches leaning to the right, resembling the half-uncial f; g in ligature here and there resembles an elongated s; z goes boldly below the line. Various ligatures also occur in the few minuscule portions (fol. 91v). Corrections and additions in almost contemporary Anglo-Saxon and in early Caroline minuscule. At the end of Jeremiah, the scribe Vergilius ('falso qui fungor Vergili nomine') addresses the reader in verse (fol. 45v). Probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon and Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X are found on the last page, originally left blank.
","Written doubtless in the same centre as the Calendar of St Willibrord (CLA 5.606a) and the Maihingen Gospels, presumably at Echternach. The Vergilius who wrote part of the manuscript is probably identical with the Vergilius who wrote a charter for Willibrord dated 709. The manuscript remained at Echternach till its abstraction by Maugérard together with other Echternach manuscripts. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1423 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/941.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/941.jpg 942,631,"Insular Minuscule and Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,5,578,"Written in Northumbria, or possibly in a Continental centre with close Anglo-Saxon connections such as Echternach, where the volume was preserved for centuries. The subscription at the end of fol. 222v reads: '+ proemendaui ut potui secundum codicem de bibliotheca eugipi praespiteri quem ferunt fuisse sci hieronimi indictione . ui . p . con . bassilii . uc anno septimo decimo'. This is manifestly copied from the exemplar, for the year 558 constitutes a paleographic anachronism. Provenance Echternach: the familiar fifteenth century hand entered the title on fol. 1. The cryptogram on fol. 223v in which Arabic numerals do duty for vowels reads: 'Codex iste fuit in domo Tomadii de Este, anno Domini millesimo quadragentesimo tricesimo tercio, hora sexta in meridie.' In the Bibliothèque Nationale its first shelf-mark was Suppl. Lat. 693 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Echternach Gospels. Codex Epternacensis.",,"TM 66709",,"fol. 19 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b530193948,"Script is a superb example of Anglo-Saxon calligraphy. Jerome's Prologue (fol. 1) is in stately majuscule, in which **ꝺ**, **R**, and **S** are mostly uncial. Prefaces are in a somewhat less formal majuscule. The main part of the MS is in minuscule: **a** has two forms; **ꝺ** occurs; **e** is often tall; **Ᵹ** is sometimes s-shaped; **m** occasionally is written sideways; **r** resembles minuscule n; **t** is sometimes z-shaped; **z** has the typical Insular form with the oblique stroke going well below the line; subscript **i** and **t** occur at line-ends; suprascript **u** occasionally is a mere horizontal. An English word, 'bigine', in dry-point is seen on fol. 194 as a gloss to 'incipientes'.","☛McGurk, gospel books no. 59. ☛On the glosses, see E. Glaser and C. Moulin-Fankhänel, in: M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 104–108.",,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/942,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/942,"Script is a superb example of Anglo-Saxon calligraphy. Jerome's Prologue (fol. 1) is in stately majuscule, in which ꝺ, R, and S are mostly uncial. Prefaces are in a somewhat less formal majuscule. The main part of the MS is in minuscule: a has two forms; ꝺ occurs; e is often tall; Ᵹ is sometimes s-shaped; m occasionally is written sideways; r resembles minuscule n; t is sometimes z-shaped; z has the typical Insular form with the oblique stroke going well below the line; subscript i and t occur at line-ends; suprascript u occasionally is a mere horizontal. An English word, 'bigine', in dry-point is seen on fol. 194 as a gloss to 'incipientes'.
","Written in Northumbria, or possibly in a Continental centre with close Anglo-Saxon connections such as Echternach, where the volume was preserved for centuries. The subscription at the end of fol. 222v reads: '+ proemendaui ut potui secundum codicem de bibliotheca eugipi praespiteri quem ferunt fuisse sci hieronimi indictione . ui . p . con . bassilii . uc anno septimo decimo'. This is manifestly copied from the exemplar, for the year 558 constitutes a paleographic anachronism. Provenance Echternach: the familiar fifteenth century hand entered the title on fol. 1. The cryptogram on fol. 223v in which Arabic numerals do duty for vowels reads: 'Codex iste fuit in domo Tomadii de Este, anno Domini millesimo quadragentesimo tricesimo tercio, hora sexta in meridie.' In the Bibliothèque Nationale its first shelf-mark was Suppl. Lat. 693 (see fol. 1).
","☛McGurk, gospel books no. 59. ☛On the glosses, see E. Glaser and C. Moulin-Fankhänel, in: M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 104–108.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/942.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/942.jpg 943,632,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,5,579,"Origin uncertain: the precise French region where this peculiar type of minuscule was practised remains a mystery. Scholars have argued in favour of Paris and Morigny, because of prominence given to St Geneviève and St Julian, also in favour of Langres because of mention of certain saints. Nothing in the MS suggests North, South, West, or Central France, yet some considerations point rather to Luxeuil: (1) Luxeuil is an Irish foundation; Insular influence is discernible in the uncial and half-uncial letters of this MS as well as in the closely related Augustinus on papyrus, the Missale Gothicum and Verona 40 (CLA [5.614](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989), [1.106](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119), [4.497](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845)); (2) it is noteworthy that the centre that produced our MS had, like Bobbio, also a Columban foundation, many dismembered ancient classical and biblical MSS of Italian origin which were palimpsested practically in the same century—I refer to Verona 40, St Paul in Carinthia 25. 2. 36, Wolfenbüttel Aug. 4°. 13. 11 and Würzburg Mp. th. fol. 64 a; (3) a marginal entry of ca. 1000 on fol. 112v is part of a hymn to St Walbert, a seventh-century abbot of Luxeuil; (4) it was at Luxeuil that Mabillon found the MS in 1685. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1857 at the sale of the Baron de Marguery's library. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1444 (see fol. 3).",0,,,"Lectionarium Luxoviense.",Parchment,"Lectionarium Luxoviense. Luxeuil Lectionary.",,"TM 66710",,"foll. 12 and 97 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84516388,"Script is an elegant, expert, somewhat compressed cursive minuscule, of the distinct type known as 'Luxeuil': **a** resembles two c's bent backwards and also occurs suprascript; **b** often has a closed bow and a tag connects it with the next letter; **d** and **n** have two forms, the minuscule being more frequent; **o** sometimes has a tag to the right; the top of **ꞇ** forms a small loop to the left; sickle-shaped suprascript **u** is frequent; **i**-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; **ti** and ligatures with **ꞇ** are frequent; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the shafts of tall letters are club-shaped, and the whole script is somewhat inclined to the left. Marginalia in the same script, but more cursive, on foll. 96v–97. A primitive map of the world added by a tenth-century hand is found on fol. 156v.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 12, dates to VII ex–VIII in (c. 700). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 252: text of three canticles from Easter Vigil are Vetus Latina. ☛F. Masai, 'Pour quelle église fut exécuté le Lectionnaire de Luxeuil?' [Scriptorium 2 (1948) 37–46](www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1948_num_2_1_2109). ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 25](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/038_tav025a.pdf).",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/943,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943,"Script is an elegant, expert, somewhat compressed cursive minuscule, of the distinct type known as 'Luxeuil': a resembles two c's bent backwards and also occurs suprascript; b often has a closed bow and a tag connects it with the next letter; d and n have two forms, the minuscule being more frequent; o sometimes has a tag to the right; the top of ꞇ forms a small loop to the left; sickle-shaped suprascript u is frequent; i-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; ti and ligatures with ꞇ are frequent; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the shafts of tall letters are club-shaped, and the whole script is somewhat inclined to the left. Marginalia in the same script, but more cursive, on foll. 96v–97. A primitive map of the world added by a tenth-century hand is found on fol. 156v.
","Origin uncertain: the precise French region where this peculiar type of minuscule was practised remains a mystery. Scholars have argued in favour of Paris and Morigny, because of prominence given to St Geneviève and St Julian, also in favour of Langres because of mention of certain saints. Nothing in the MS suggests North, South, West, or Central France, yet some considerations point rather to Luxeuil: (1) Luxeuil is an Irish foundation; Insular influence is discernible in the uncial and half-uncial letters of this MS as well as in the closely related Augustinus on papyrus, the Missale Gothicum and Verona 40 (CLA 5.614, 1.106, 4.497); (2) it is noteworthy that the centre that produced our MS had, like Bobbio, also a Columban foundation, many dismembered ancient classical and biblical MSS of Italian origin which were palimpsested practically in the same century—I refer to Verona 40, St Paul in Carinthia 25. 2. 36, Wolfenbüttel Aug. 4°. 13. 11 and Würzburg Mp. th. fol. 64 a; (3) a marginal entry of ca. 1000 on fol. 112v is part of a hymn to St Walbert, a seventh-century abbot of Luxeuil; (4) it was at Luxeuil that Mabillon found the MS in 1685. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1857 at the sale of the Baron de Marguery's library. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1444 (see fol. 3).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 12, dates to VII ex–VIII in (c. 700). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 252: text of three canticles from Easter Vigil are Vetus Latina. ☛F. Masai, 'Pour quelle église fut exécuté le Lectionnaire de Luxeuil?' Scriptorium 2 (1948) 37–46. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 25.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/943.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/943.jpg 945,633,"Uncial and Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,580,"Written apparently in the same North Italian or Swiss centre that produced Paris Lat. 653 (CLA [5.527](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/884)) and [Wolfenbüttel, Helmst. 513](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1885). The manuscript belonged to the Prince of Soubise and had the number 555 at its sale in 1789 when the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it. It entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 688 (see fly-leaf).",,,,"Liber Comitis (Comes Duplex).",Parchment,,,"TM 66711",,"foll. 6 and 32 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6001307x,"Script: minuscule is seen only on foll. 2–21v with open **a** and **a**, flat-topped **Ᵹ**, and a curious form of **r** with the shoulder often extending over the next letter, chiefly over **i** and **o**, which are then rather small; uncial **B**, **ꝺ**, **G**, **L**, **M**, **N**, **R**, **T** occur among the minuscule; in the main uncial part uncial **E** has a closed loop; the bows of uncial **M** are often closed; the half-uncial form of **Ᵹ** occurs.","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1210.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/945,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945,"Script: minuscule is seen only on foll. 2–21v with open a and a, flat-topped Ᵹ, and a curious form of r with the shoulder often extending over the next letter, chiefly over i and o, which are then rather small; uncial B, ꝺ, G, L, M, N, R, T occur among the minuscule; in the main uncial part uncial E has a closed loop; the bows of uncial M are often closed; the half-uncial form of Ᵹ occurs.
","Written apparently in the same North Italian or Swiss centre that produced Paris Lat. 653 (CLA 5.527) and Wolfenbüttel, Helmst. 513. The manuscript belonged to the Prince of Soubise and had the number 555 at its sale in 1789 when the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it. It entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 688 (see fly-leaf).
","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1210.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/945.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/945.jpg 946,634,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,5,581,"Origin probably Ireland or Northern England. Provenance unknown: an entry in Latin in sixteenth-century cursive (fol. 4v) has an umlaut-like accent above u which suggests a Germanic region; a sixteenth-century entry in French occurs on fol. 3. A note on the fly-leaf states that all the fragments constituting the volume were taken from manuscripts given to the binder in 1817.",,,,"Sacramentarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66712",,"fol. 3 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84324568,"Script is a bold, heavy majuscule: **d** has the half-uncial form, **N** is both uncial and minuscule, **R** and **S** are uncial; at line-ends uncial **A** and half-uncial **r** occur.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/946,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/946,"Script is a bold, heavy majuscule: d has the half-uncial form, N is both uncial and minuscule, R and S are uncial; at line-ends uncial A and half-uncial r occur.
","Origin probably Ireland or Northern England. Provenance unknown: an entry in Latin in sixteenth-century cursive (fol. 4v) has an umlaut-like accent above u which suggests a Germanic region; a sixteenth-century entry in French occurs on fol. 3. A note on the fly-leaf states that all the fragments constituting the volume were taken from manuscripts given to the binder in 1817.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/946.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/946.jpg 947,635,"Irish Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,582,"Origin Ireland or a centre with Irish traditions. For provenance see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/946).",,,,"Sacramentarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66713",,"fol. 5 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84324568,"Script is a rather graceful majuscule: **R** and **S** are mostly uncial in form, **d** mostly half-uncial, and **n** regularly minuscule; smaller script occurs at the end of a formula. Neumes and additions in Caroline minuscule occur interlinearly, and some probationes pennae.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/947,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/947,"Script is a rather graceful majuscule: R and S are mostly uncial in form, d mostly half-uncial, and n regularly minuscule; smaller script occurs at the end of a formula. Neumes and additions in Caroline minuscule occur interlinearly, and some probationes pennae.
","Origin Ireland or a centre with Irish traditions. For provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/947.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/947.jpg 948,636,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,583,"Origin presumably Ireland. For provenance see preceding items (CLA [581](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/946), [582](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/947)).",,,,"Antiphonarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66714",,"foll. 75v and 76",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84324568,"Script is an orderly, compressed Irish majuscule: at line-ends the final stroke of open **a** is prolonged above and below the line; **R** has both the uncial and half-uncial forms, **d** and **ꞅ** are regularly half-uncial, **n** minuscule.","☛Gamber, CLLA 152.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/948,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/948,"Script is an orderly, compressed Irish majuscule: at line-ends the final stroke of open a is prolonged above and below the line; R has both the uncial and half-uncial forms, d and ꞅ are regularly half-uncial, n minuscule.
","Origin presumably Ireland. For provenance see preceding items (CLA 581, 582).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 152.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/948.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/948.jpg 949,637,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,5,584,"Written either in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium which produced Lat. 9538 (CLA [5.588](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/953)). Provenance Echternach: the title, in the familiar fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand, and the old press-mark 'B' (over an erasure) are on fol. 1. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 987 B.",,,,"Hieronymus, Explanationes in Isaiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66715",,"fol. 47v ",,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands; the first is very similar to the script of MS Lat. 9538 (CLA [5.588](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/953)); the second begins near the bottom of fol. 47v: **a** is mostly open, capital **A** with angular cross-bar and elongated left shaft is found occasionally at beginning of a word; the first hand uses **ꝺ**, the second both **ꝺ** and **d**; **g** is s-shaped; **N** occasionally uncial; the top stroke of **t** extends well to the right; the **bi** ligature is formed by prolonging the bow of **b** below the line; tall **e** and **e** with the lower bow reversed are often found in ligature; the **mi** ligature and **nt** with the subscript **t** also occur. Some pages show a preponderance of majuscule elements (foll. 3, 11).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/949,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/949,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands; the first is very similar to the script of MS Lat. 9538 (CLA 5.588); the second begins near the bottom of fol. 47v: a is mostly open, capital A with angular cross-bar and elongated left shaft is found occasionally at beginning of a word; the first hand uses ꝺ, the second both ꝺ and d; g is s-shaped; N occasionally uncial; the top stroke of t extends well to the right; the bi ligature is formed by prolonging the bow of b below the line; tall e and e with the lower bow reversed are often found in ligature; the mi ligature and nt with the subscript t also occur. Some pages show a preponderance of majuscule elements (foll. 3, 11).
","Written either in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium which produced Lat. 9538 (CLA 5.588). Provenance Echternach: the title, in the familiar fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand, and the old press-mark 'B' (over an erasure) are on fol. 1. First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 987 B.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/949.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/949.jpg 950,638,"Mixed Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII,701,800,5,585,"Written presumably in England, or possibly at Echternach, where the fragments were later used for binding purposes. The manuscripts entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution and were first catalogued as Suppl. Lat. 987 a (Lat. 9528) and 1894 (Lat. 10399).",,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Tabula Paschalis; Anatolius, Canon Paschalis; Augustinus, De Genesi ad Literam (2.14); Gaudentius, Tractatus 1 in Exodum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66716",,"Image from MS. Lat. 10399, fol. 35",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9072585p,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, with **ꝺ**, **n**, **ꞅ** used regularly; **a** has both the minuscule and half-uncial form; the bow of **q** is disproportionately large and the descender hardly goes below the line; **R** occasionally is majuscule. The script changes into a crowded minuscule towards the end of fol. 35v, col. 1.","☛On the Irish glosses, see M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698-1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 90–92.",3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/950,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/950,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, with ꝺ, n, ꞅ used regularly; a has both the minuscule and half-uncial form; the bow of q is disproportionately large and the descender hardly goes below the line; R occasionally is majuscule. The script changes into a crowded minuscule towards the end of fol. 35v, col. 1.
","Written presumably in England, or possibly at Echternach, where the fragments were later used for binding purposes. The manuscripts entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution and were first catalogued as Suppl. Lat. 987 a (Lat. 9528) and 1894 (Lat. 10399).
","☛On the Irish glosses, see M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698-1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 90–92.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/950.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/950.jpg 951,639,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,586,"Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, possibly in Echternach. The title in the familiar fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand and the old press-mark 'B 4' are found on fol. 2 (see fol. 2). First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1546.",,,,"Testamentum Novum. Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Hbr 7.9–8. 6, 13.18–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66717",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is an Insular majuscule, presumably Anglo-Saxon.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/951,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/951,"Script is an Insular majuscule, presumably Anglo-Saxon.
","Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, possibly in Echternach. The title in the familiar fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand and the old press-mark 'B 4' are found on fol. 2 (see fol. 2). First catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1546.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/951.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/951.jpg 952,640,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,5,587,"Written probably in Spain, to judge by general appearance and the presence of such Spanish symptoms as the use of dh to mark omission, b with a high flourish superscripted s to denote 'bus', a stroke with a dot above to mark omitted m, the characteristic form of letter e seen in the contemporary insertions of omitted passages. Provenance unknown. The earlier press-mark in the Bibliothèque Nationale was 'Suppl. I. 118. B' (see fol. 1).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (29–36).",Parchment,,,"TM 66718",,"fol. 145v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10515480w,"Script is a bold, uniform, though not very expert half-uncial: the form of **a** is almost uncial; the eye of **e** is closed; **f** is long and the hasta is thin and runs along the head-line; the oblique stroke of **N** is fine and curves somewhat at the bottom; **r** descends well below the line; the stem of **ꞇ** is rounded and often unattached to its thin top which mostly bends down at the left; **z** occasionally goes below the line; uncial **G** occurs but rarely (foll. 67, 86); **e** with cedilla occurs. Marginalia, apart from supplied omissions, are by various eighth-century hands: in uncial (fol. 47), in cursive (fol. 36v, 47v), in early minuscule (foll. 25v, 138v); a contemporary corrector added 'emendabi semel deo gratias' under a colophon on fol. 227 and 'do gratias' in the scribe's hand occurs on fol. 191v before the colophon.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/952,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/952,"Script is a bold, uniform, though not very expert half-uncial: the form of a is almost uncial; the eye of e is closed; f is long and the hasta is thin and runs along the head-line; the oblique stroke of N is fine and curves somewhat at the bottom; r descends well below the line; the stem of ꞇ is rounded and often unattached to its thin top which mostly bends down at the left; z occasionally goes below the line; uncial G occurs but rarely (foll. 67, 86); e with cedilla occurs. Marginalia, apart from supplied omissions, are by various eighth-century hands: in uncial (fol. 47), in cursive (fol. 36v, 47v), in early minuscule (foll. 25v, 138v); a contemporary corrector added 'emendabi semel deo gratias' under a colophon on fol. 227 and 'do gratias' in the scribe's hand occurs on fol. 191v before the colophon.
","Written probably in Spain, to judge by general appearance and the presence of such Spanish symptoms as the use of dh to mark omission, b with a high flourish superscripted s to denote 'bus', a stroke with a dot above to mark omitted m, the characteristic form of letter e seen in the contemporary insertions of omitted passages. Provenance unknown. The earlier press-mark in the Bibliothèque Nationale was 'Suppl. I. 118. B' (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/952.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/952.jpg 953,641,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,5,588,"Written in England or, more probably, in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and in the same scriptorium which produced MS Lat. 9527 (CLA [5.584](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/949)), presumably Echternach: fol. 1 bears the title in the well-known fifteenth-century librarian's hand. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 118 d.",,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate (11–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66719",,"fol. 8v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9067057x,"Script is an expert, fluent Anglo-Saxon minuscule similar to that of MS Lat. 9527 (CLA [5.584](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/949)): a has various forms—the narrow closed **a**, the capital **A** (mostly at the beginning of a word, but not confined to it), and the open **a**, which predominates; **ꝺ** and **d** are used; frequent use of **e** with the lower bow reversed, resembling Arabic 8; s-like **g**; **i**-longa frequently at the beginning of words; **m** at line-ends is sometimes formed by two or three bows standing sideways; **p** has an open bow often ending in a tiny stroke to the right; **q** resembles Arabic 9; the top of **t** is often sinuous and extends over the next letter; numerous ligatures, with some letters subscript: **a**, **i**, **o** (in 'tio'), and **t**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/953,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/953,"Script is an expert, fluent Anglo-Saxon minuscule similar to that of MS Lat. 9527 (CLA 5.584): a has various forms—the narrow closed a, the capital A (mostly at the beginning of a word, but not confined to it), and the open a, which predominates; ꝺ and d are used; frequent use of e with the lower bow reversed, resembling Arabic 8; s-like g; i-longa frequently at the beginning of words; m at line-ends is sometimes formed by two or three bows standing sideways; p has an open bow often ending in a tiny stroke to the right; q resembles Arabic 9; the top of t is often sinuous and extends over the next letter; numerous ligatures, with some letters subscript: a, i, o (in 'tio'), and t.
","Written in England or, more probably, in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and in the same scriptorium which produced MS Lat. 9527 (CLA 5.584), presumably Echternach: fol. 1 bears the title in the well-known fifteenth-century librarian's hand. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 118 d.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/953.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/953.jpg 954,642,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,5,589,"Origin uncertain—a centre such as Lyon is not at all unlikely. The manuscript was certainly there in the ninth century when it was used by Florus Diaconus. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1804, from the abbey of St Claude (Jura) as stated on fol. 2, and received the number Anc. Fonds 2181, Suppl. Lat. 839 (see fol. 3).",0,,,"Eucherius, Formulae Spiritales, Passio Agaunensium Martyrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66720",,"fol. 73v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154513,"Script is a natural but not very old type of uncial by at least two hands: the hand in Eucherius has **B** and **R** with the bows not touching the vertical; uncial **E** with high hasta and closed eye; **Y** short and branching in two curves near the head-line; **Z** occasionally rising above the line; in the hand of the Passio the bow of uncial **A** is pointed and ends in a hair-line; the bow of **B** touches the vertical; the eye of uncial **E** is open; **P** is narrow and hardly goes below the line; the v-shaped fork of **Y** branches near the head-line. Numerous marginal notes in seventh-century cursive minuscule (see fol. 73). Traces of similar hands and of quarter-uncial resembling the marginalia of Lat. 8907 (CLA [5.572](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/936)) appear on foll. 86v–92v, where they have been mostly erased to make room for the twelfth-century text, now legible. In the lower margin of fol. 78v, upside down, is a probatio pennae saec. VIII: 'ragambertus abbas testis subscripsi'. At the bottom of fol. 86 a cursive hand saec. VII–VIII entered the note: 'fiunt in suma sal libras CCCC de area monastirii eriense' (Herio insula i.e. Noirmoutiers in the Vendée). Marginal notes, corrections, and punctuation on nearly every page by Florus Diaconus who flourished at Lyon in the first half of the ninth century (see fol. 37v, et passim). The entry at the top of fol. 32 seems in Notae Tironianae.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/954,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/954,"Script is a natural but not very old type of uncial by at least two hands: the hand in Eucherius has B and R with the bows not touching the vertical; uncial E with high hasta and closed eye; Y short and branching in two curves near the head-line; Z occasionally rising above the line; in the hand of the Passio the bow of uncial A is pointed and ends in a hair-line; the bow of B touches the vertical; the eye of uncial E is open; P is narrow and hardly goes below the line; the v-shaped fork of Y branches near the head-line. Numerous marginal notes in seventh-century cursive minuscule (see fol. 73). Traces of similar hands and of quarter-uncial resembling the marginalia of Lat. 8907 (CLA 5.572) appear on foll. 86v–92v, where they have been mostly erased to make room for the twelfth-century text, now legible. In the lower margin of fol. 78v, upside down, is a probatio pennae saec. VIII: 'ragambertus abbas testis subscripsi'. At the bottom of fol. 86 a cursive hand saec. VII–VIII entered the note: 'fiunt in suma sal libras CCCC de area monastirii eriense' (Herio insula i.e. Noirmoutiers in the Vendée). Marginal notes, corrections, and punctuation on nearly every page by Florus Diaconus who flourished at Lyon in the first half of the ninth century (see fol. 37v, et passim). The entry at the top of fol. 32 seems in Notae Tironianae.
","Origin uncertain—a centre such as Lyon is not at all unlikely. The manuscript was certainly there in the ninth century when it was used by Florus Diaconus. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1804, from the abbey of St Claude (Jura) as stated on fol. 2, and received the number Anc. Fonds 2181, Suppl. Lat. 839 (see fol. 3).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/954.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/954.jpg 955,643,"Anglo-Saxon Uncial",VIII,701,800,5,590,"Written either in England or by an English scribe on the Continent, perhaps at St Bertin, where the manuscript was found in the fourteenth century: the entry 'de libraria sancti Bertini' saec. XIV is found in the lower margin of fol. 1. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 254.2 (see fol. 1).",,,,"Isidorus, De Ordine Creaturarum; Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66721",,"fol. 18 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10720973v,"Script is a not very expert and late type of uncial showing Continental and Anglo-Saxon influences: the bow of uncial **A** is a horizontal ellipse; uncial **A**, **L**, and **H** have fine horizontal serifs; the tail of **G** is very thin; the left bow of uncial **M** is closed; the first upright of **N** is fine, the second wedge-shaped; **T** has a small loop to the left. At the end of each treatise occurs a pious insertion by the scribe concerning his work and his hope of recompense in Heaven; two words of the note on fol. 14v are in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Anglo-Saxon glosses saec. X, written with a stylus interlinearly, are seen on foll. 33v–42v; the interlinear transcription on the upper half of fol. 13v is by a twelfth-century hand.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/955,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/955,"Script is a not very expert and late type of uncial showing Continental and Anglo-Saxon influences: the bow of uncial A is a horizontal ellipse; uncial A, L, and H have fine horizontal serifs; the tail of G is very thin; the left bow of uncial M is closed; the first upright of N is fine, the second wedge-shaped; T has a small loop to the left. At the end of each treatise occurs a pious insertion by the scribe concerning his work and his hope of recompense in Heaven; two words of the note on fol. 14v are in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Anglo-Saxon glosses saec. X, written with a stylus interlinearly, are seen on foll. 33v–42v; the interlinear transcription on the upper half of fol. 13v is by a twelfth-century hand.
","Written either in England or by an English scribe on the Continent, perhaps at St Bertin, where the manuscript was found in the fourteenth century: the entry 'de libraria sancti Bertini' saec. XIV is found in the lower margin of fol. 1. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 254.2 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/955.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/955.jpg 956,644,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,591,"Written probably at Lyon. Belonged to Étienne Charpin of Lyon, who lent it to Cujas for his edition. Acquired by. P. Pithou: his note on fol. 1 says that the volume, used by Cujas, was given to him by his uncle Fr. Pithou in 1620. A printed label with the arms of Le Peletier de Rosanbo whose family acquired some of Pithou's manuscripts is found on the preceding fly-leaf. A humamstic entry: 'Hic legis codex vetustissimus nondum publicatus 1557' is seen on fol. 10.",,,,"Codex Theodosianus (6–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 66722",,"fol. 25 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10303686s,"Script is uncial of the old type, by a well-trained, rapid hand: **B** and **ꝺ** are often left unjoined; the eye of uncial **E** is open; **F** goes well below the line; **P** and **R** remain open; the upper loop of **S** is often a mere dot; **X** is high-waisted and the lower left branch turns to the right; the fork of **Y** is high, and the stem goes below the base-line. Notes in sixth- and seventh-century cursive stand on foll. 31, 39, 115, 116, 117.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 101.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/956,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/956,"Script is uncial of the old type, by a well-trained, rapid hand: B and ꝺ are often left unjoined; the eye of uncial E is open; F goes well below the line; P and R remain open; the upper loop of S is often a mere dot; X is high-waisted and the lower left branch turns to the right; the fork of Y is high, and the stem goes below the base-line. Notes in sixth- and seventh-century cursive stand on foll. 31, 39, 115, 116, 117.
","Written probably at Lyon. Belonged to Étienne Charpin of Lyon, who lent it to Cujas for his edition. Acquired by. P. Pithou: his note on fol. 1 says that the volume, used by Cujas, was given to him by his uncle Fr. Pithou in 1620. A printed label with the arms of Le Peletier de Rosanbo whose family acquired some of Pithou's manuscripts is found on the preceding fly-leaf. A humamstic entry: 'Hic legis codex vetustissimus nondum publicatus 1557' is seen on fol. 10.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 101.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/956.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/956.jpg 959,645,"Uncial and Half-Uncial","VII ex.",676,700,5,592,"Written probably in Spain, to judge by Spanish symptoms in the original hands, the presence of early Visigothic marginalia and additions, and a certain resemblance to Paris Lat. 9533 (see CLA [5.587](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/952)) and [Autun 107 + Paris Lat. Nouv. Acq. 1629](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1134), both apparently written in Spain. Migration to South Italy is suggested by the Beneventan probationes pennae. In the Paris part there is a great gap between quires 17 and 24, only partially filled by the 18 Bern folios. Came from the cathedral of Chartres, where it probably constituted the item described in its old catalogue under No. 60. Brought by Dom Poirier to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1793.",,,,"Oribasius, Synopsis; Rufus, De Podagra; Varia Medica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66723",,"Image from foll. 52v (uncial), 75 (initial), 273 (Visigothic cursive), and 279 (half-uncial)",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154587,"Uncial script is stately but not very expert: uncial **A** has a very narrow loop; the upper bow of **B** is small and triangular; the eye of uncial **E** is often closed; the tail of **G** is a thin down-stroke; the second bow of uncial **M** is often higher than the first; the top of **T** has a pendant finial at either end; **LL** often run together; **Y** is long and often dotted; descenders are markedly long. A somewhat more graceful uncial hand wrote fol. 272. The half-uncial script on foll. 273v–279 is rather artificial and fond of serifs: open **a** is roundish and leans back; the thick pillar-like down-stroke of **F** has a thin capital; **Ᵹ** seems squelched and often rests on the line; **n** is minuscule; the top of **ꞇ** forms a small loop to the left; **i** after **r** and **t** rises slightly above the line and leans back. A very tiny Visigothic hand saec. VIII entered in the margins the names of medical drugs (foll. 13v, 18v, 21–53, 75, 82v, 83) and several receipts on fol. 273. Beneventan probationes pennae saec. XI are found in the margin of fol. 97; a note in Arabic on fol. 36 upper margin and in the left margin of fol. 205v; other marginalia passim in Caroline minuscule saec. X or XI, often preceded by a curious monogram 'Nota'.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/959,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/959,"Uncial script is stately but not very expert: uncial A has a very narrow loop; the upper bow of B is small and triangular; the eye of uncial E is often closed; the tail of G is a thin down-stroke; the second bow of uncial M is often higher than the first; the top of T has a pendant finial at either end; LL often run together; Y is long and often dotted; descenders are markedly long. A somewhat more graceful uncial hand wrote fol. 272. The half-uncial script on foll. 273v–279 is rather artificial and fond of serifs: open a is roundish and leans back; the thick pillar-like down-stroke of F has a thin capital; Ᵹ seems squelched and often rests on the line; n is minuscule; the top of ꞇ forms a small loop to the left; i after r and t rises slightly above the line and leans back. A very tiny Visigothic hand saec. VIII entered in the margins the names of medical drugs (foll. 13v, 18v, 21–53, 75, 82v, 83) and several receipts on fol. 273. Beneventan probationes pennae saec. XI are found in the margin of fol. 97; a note in Arabic on fol. 36 upper margin and in the left margin of fol. 205v; other marginalia passim in Caroline minuscule saec. X or XI, often preceded by a curious monogram 'Nota'.
","Written probably in Spain, to judge by Spanish symptoms in the original hands, the presence of early Visigothic marginalia and additions, and a certain resemblance to Paris Lat. 9533 (see CLA 5.587) and Autun 107 + Paris Lat. Nouv. Acq. 1629, both apparently written in Spain. Migration to South Italy is suggested by the Beneventan probationes pennae. In the Paris part there is a great gap between quires 17 and 24, only partially filled by the 18 Bern folios. Came from the cathedral of Chartres, where it probably constituted the item described in its old catalogue under No. 60. Brought by Dom Poirier to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1793.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/959.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/959.jpg 960,646,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,5,593,"Origin uncertain: probably North Italy or South France. The manuscript belonged to Claude Saumaise, noted French controversialist scholar (1588–1658). His ex-libris stands at the top of p. 1: 'Cl. Sammasii'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 685 (see p. 1).",2,,,"Apicius; calendar; sententiae; Plinius maior (excerpta); Anthologia Salmasiana; Pervigilium Veneris; De concubitu Martis et Veneris, etc.",Parchment,"Codex Salmasianus.",,"TM 66724",,"page 262",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8479004f,"Script is a heavy uncial by several similar hands: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish; the lower part of **B** protrudes; the tail of **G** is very thin; the arch of **h** is broad; the arcs of uncial **M** often rise above the line; the oblique stroke of **N** meets the second upright above the base-line; the top of **T** ends in two pendants; the lower left leg of **X** turns to the right and has a tag above the end; **Y** is undotted-the right branch of the crotch has a tag to the right at the head-line; **FF** and **LL** run together; the ascenders and descenders are long; uncial **E** with the cedilla is frequent, the cedilla hanging from the end of the curved stroke. At line-ends, when short of space, occasionally even in mid-line, the scribe drops into minuscule with cursive **ti**, **te** and **ti** (p. 67, 180), which is probably his normal script, as is suggested by the similarity to the script of the marginal notes in red on p. 264 ff., certainly made by the scribe himself.","☛ M. Spallone, IMU 25 (1982), p. 1–71. ☛ C. Heusch, [Die Achilles-Ethopoiie des codex Salmasianus, 1997](http://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00045528_00001.html). ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/960,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/960,"Script is a heavy uncial by several similar hands: the bow of uncial A is roundish; the lower part of B protrudes; the tail of G is very thin; the arch of h is broad; the arcs of uncial M often rise above the line; the oblique stroke of N meets the second upright above the base-line; the top of T ends in two pendants; the lower left leg of X turns to the right and has a tag above the end; Y is undotted-the right branch of the crotch has a tag to the right at the head-line; FF and LL run together; the ascenders and descenders are long; uncial E with the cedilla is frequent, the cedilla hanging from the end of the curved stroke. At line-ends, when short of space, occasionally even in mid-line, the scribe drops into minuscule with cursive ti, te and ti (p. 67, 180), which is probably his normal script, as is suggested by the similarity to the script of the marginal notes in red on p. 264 ff., certainly made by the scribe himself.
","Origin uncertain: probably North Italy or South France. The manuscript belonged to Claude Saumaise, noted French controversialist scholar (1588–1658). His ex-libris stands at the top of p. 1: 'Cl. Sammasii'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 685 (see p. 1).
","☛ M. Spallone, IMU 25 (1982), p. 1–71. ☛ C. Heusch, Die Achilles-Ethopoiie des codex Salmasianus, 1997.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/960.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/960.jpg 961,648,Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,594,"Written probably in North-east France, in the same scriptorium as the Sacramentarium Gelasianum, [Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118). Previously catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894 and 1895.",,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66725",,"Image from MS. Lat. 10399, fol. 46v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9072585p,"Script is a rather ornate and very elegant uncial of the type described above under Paris Lat. 7193 + Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)): **N** is characteristic; descenders taper off in a fine hair-line.","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (foll. 4–5, 46). ☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1895 (fol. 27).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/961,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/961,"Script is a rather ornate and very elegant uncial of the type described above under Paris Lat. 7193 + Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105): N is characteristic; descenders taper off in a fine hair-line.
","Written probably in North-east France, in the same scriptorium as the Sacramentarium Gelasianum, Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193. Previously catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894 and 1895.
","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (foll. 4–5, 46). ☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1895 (fol. 27).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/961.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/961.jpg 962,649,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,5,595,"Written in England or in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections, such as Echternach. The leaves were taken from the binding of an Echternach MS: on fol. 42 is the twelfth-century ex-libris, written vertically between columns: 'Codex sancti Willibrordi Epternacensis Ecclesie patroni'. On fol. 42v is an Echternach press-mark and a title in the well-known fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.",,,,"Augustinus, In Evangelium S Iohannis (abbreviatio).",Parchment,,,"TM 66726",,"fol. 42 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9072585p,"Script is an expert rapid minuscule with many ligatures: noteworthy is the form of **e** with the lower bow reversed found in several MSS from Echternach (Paris Lat. 9527 and 9538: see CLA [5.584](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/949) and [588](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/953)); the top of **ꞇ** often hovers above and extends beyond the succeeding letters; initial **T** resembles Z; **z** has a very bizarre form; ligatures of **ti** (with the top of **t** and the **i** written in one stroke), and **tio**, with subscript **o**, occur.","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (foll. 42–43).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/962,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/962,"Script is an expert rapid minuscule with many ligatures: noteworthy is the form of e with the lower bow reversed found in several MSS from Echternach (Paris Lat. 9527 and 9538: see CLA 5.584 and 588); the top of ꞇ often hovers above and extends beyond the succeeding letters; initial T resembles Z; z has a very bizarre form; ligatures of ti (with the top of t and the i written in one stroke), and tio, with subscript o, occur.
","Written in England or in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon connections, such as Echternach. The leaves were taken from the binding of an Echternach MS: on fol. 42 is the twelfth-century ex-libris, written vertically between columns: 'Codex sancti Willibrordi Epternacensis Ecclesie patroni'. On fol. 42v is an Echternach press-mark and a title in the well-known fifteenth-century Echternach librarian's hand. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.
","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (foll. 42–43).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/962.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/962.jpg 963,650,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,596,"Origin England, or, more probably, a Continental centre with Insular connections. Provenance unknown. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Job (32, fragm.)",Parchment,,,"TM 66727",,"fol. 50 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9072585p,"Script is a regular and calligraphic minuscule: **d** has two forms, the minuscule predominating; **e** is tall; the bow of **q** is pointed and often open at the top. A probatio pennae in the middle of the verso. ","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (fol. 50).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/963,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/963,"Script is a regular and calligraphic minuscule: d has two forms, the minuscule predominating; e is tall; the bow of q is pointed and often open at the top. A probatio pennae in the middle of the verso.
","Origin England, or, more probably, a Continental centre with Insular connections. Provenance unknown. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1894.
","☛Formerly Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Suppl. Lat. 1894 (fol. 50).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/963.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/963.jpg 964,651,Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,597,"Origin uncertain, but most likely France, to judge from the script. The whole miscellany was first numbered in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1895.",3,,,"Vitae Patrum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66728",,"fol. 28 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066770w,"Script is a regular artificial uncial: uncial **A** has a horizontal serif and a compressed bow ending in a serif; **ꝺ** has a small stem with a tag to the left; the eye of uncial **E** is high and closed; the right bow of uncial **M** is often taller than the left (as in MS Lat. 10233, CLA [5.592](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/959)); the uprights of **N** are thin; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/964,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/964,"Script is a regular artificial uncial: uncial A has a horizontal serif and a compressed bow ending in a serif; ꝺ has a small stem with a tag to the left; the eye of uncial E is high and closed; the right bow of uncial M is often taller than the left (as in MS Lat. 10233, CLA 5.592); the uprights of N are thin; LL run together.
","Origin uncertain, but most likely France, to judge from the script. The whole miscellany was first numbered in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1895.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/964.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/964.jpg 965,652,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,598,"Written in England or in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, such as Echternach. Some leaves in the miscellany came from Echternach (cf. fol. 58). For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/964).",,,,"Beda, In Apocalypsim (Prolog., 2, fragm.) ",Parchment,,,"TM 66729",,"fol. 107 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066770w,"Script is a characteristic minuscule with the unmistakable **et** ligature and long descenders strongly reminiscent of certain charters from Mercia; many letters are often subscript, especially **i**, **o**, and **t**; in the ligatures **de** and **do**, the stem of **d** serves as the first stroke of **e** and **o**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/965,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/965,"Script is a characteristic minuscule with the unmistakable et ligature and long descenders strongly reminiscent of certain charters from Mercia; many letters are often subscript, especially i, o, and t; in the ligatures de and do, the stem of d serves as the first stroke of e and o.
","Written in England or in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, such as Echternach. Some leaves in the miscellany came from Echternach (cf. fol. 58). For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/965.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/965.jpg 966,653,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,599,"Written doubtless in Ireland.",,,,"Eutyches, De Verbo (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66730",,"Image from MS. Lat. 10400, fol. 109 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066770w,"Script is expert Irish minuscule, apparently by one and the same temperamental scribe inordinately fond of variety: **a** and **d** have two forms; the peculiar **e** with the lower bow reversed occurs in ligature; **m** and **n** sometimes rest on their sides; the form of **li** in ligature is noteworthy. Irish glosses by first hand. Fol. 109v, originally blank, now contains a ninth-century Corbie charter and probationes pennae.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/966,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/966,"Script is expert Irish minuscule, apparently by one and the same temperamental scribe inordinately fond of variety: a and d have two forms; the peculiar e with the lower bow reversed occurs in ligature; m and n sometimes rest on their sides; the form of li in ligature is noteworthy. Irish glosses by first hand. Fol. 109v, originally blank, now contains a ninth-century Corbie charter and probationes pennae.
","Written doubtless in Ireland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/966.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/966.jpg 967,654,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,5,600,"Origin probably Italy. The manuscript was in the cathedral of Chartres by the eleventh century, when the reliquary of the Virgin’s shirt was made and closed. When it was opened in 1712, the volume was found inside (see the eighteenth-century entry on the paper frontispiece). Brought to the Bibliothèque Nationale by Dom Poirier in 1793 where it was first numbered Suppl. Lat. 713 (see front fly-leaf).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus latina, Io).",Parchment,"Codex Carnotensis.",,"TM 66731",,"Image shows the openings, foll. 98v-99 and 194v-195",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52503882m,"Script is an elegant small uncial of the older type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is open; the tail of **G** is longish; uncial **M** is broad, **P** and **T** narrow; **S** often rises above the line; the crotch of **Y** is on the line, the stem below. Foll. 1–4, 64, and 114v were retraced by a later hand. Foll. 192 and 195, forming a bifolium, may be a somewhat later restoration; the scribe uses open uncial **E** with low tongue and a mere stroke for omitted **M** and **N**. Hardly legible marginalia in slightly later half-uncial. The ink has eaten through the parchment on many pages. On fol. 1, partly corroded by the ink, stands the uncial inscription: ‘IN ꝺEI NO(MINE) (MAU)RINUS HACSE INꝺ1GNUS PRE(S)BITER ORA PRO ME...’ (with instances of uncial **E**, **A**, **H**, and **M**).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/967,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/967,"Script is an elegant small uncial of the older type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the eye of uncial E is open; the tail of G is longish; uncial M is broad, P and T narrow; S often rises above the line; the crotch of Y is on the line, the stem below. Foll. 1–4, 64, and 114v were retraced by a later hand. Foll. 192 and 195, forming a bifolium, may be a somewhat later restoration; the scribe uses open uncial E with low tongue and a mere stroke for omitted M and N. Hardly legible marginalia in slightly later half-uncial. The ink has eaten through the parchment on many pages. On fol. 1, partly corroded by the ink, stands the uncial inscription: ‘IN ꝺEI NO(MINE) (MAU)RINUS HACSE INꝺ1GNUS PRE(S)BITER ORA PRO ME...’ (with instances of uncial E, A, H, and M).
","Origin probably Italy. The manuscript was in the cathedral of Chartres by the eleventh century, when the reliquary of the Virgin’s shirt was made and closed. When it was opened in 1712, the volume was found inside (see the eighteenth-century entry on the paper frontispiece). Brought to the Bibliothèque Nationale by Dom Poirier in 1793 where it was first numbered Suppl. Lat. 713 (see front fly-leaf).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/967.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/967.jpg 968,655,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,601,"Written doubtless at Verona by an expert scribe of the time of Egino, Bishop of Verona between 796 and 799, who died at Reichenau in 802: the script shows close resemblance to other manuscripts written during his reign. In the eighteenth century the entire manuscript apparently belonged to Dupré de Geneste, 'Secrétaire Perpétuel de 1'Académic Royale des Sciences et Arts de Metz' whose ex-libris is seen on the inside of the front cover of Lat. 10457. The manuscripts were first catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 248 (Lat. 10616) and 249 (Lat. 10457).",,,,"Isidorus, Commemoratio Geneseos, Liber de Natura Rerum, Quaestiones in Novum Testamentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66768",,"Image from the opening, foll. 2v-3 in MS. Lat. 10457",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066990b,"Script is a beautiful Caroline minuscule of the same type as the [Codex Eginonis](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517) (Berlin, Phill. 1676), [Karlsruhe Aug. II, III, IV](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1541) and [St Gall 110](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1366) (p. 275 ff.): **d** has both the uncial and minuscule form, **f** is half-uncial, **g** has a characteristic flat and longish top-stroke, occasionally the uncial form is used; ligatures are mostly confined to line-ends; **oꝛ** ligature occurs here and there even in mid-word. Verses in ninth-century minuscule are seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 10457.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/968,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/968,"Script is a beautiful Caroline minuscule of the same type as the Codex Eginonis (Berlin, Phill. 1676), Karlsruhe Aug. II, III, IV and St Gall 110 (p. 275 ff.): d has both the uncial and minuscule form, f is half-uncial, g has a characteristic flat and longish top-stroke, occasionally the uncial form is used; ligatures are mostly confined to line-ends; oꝛ ligature occurs here and there even in mid-word. Verses in ninth-century minuscule are seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 10457.
","Written doubtless at Verona by an expert scribe of the time of Egino, Bishop of Verona between 796 and 799, who died at Reichenau in 802: the script shows close resemblance to other manuscripts written during his reign. In the eighteenth century the entire manuscript apparently belonged to Dupré de Geneste, 'Secrétaire Perpétuel de 1'Académic Royale des Sciences et Arts de Metz' whose ex-libris is seen on the inside of the front cover of Lat. 10457. The manuscripts were first catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 248 (Lat. 10616) and 249 (Lat. 10457).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/968.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/968.jpg 969,656,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,5,602,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy, possibly South France. Was at Lyon in the time of Florus (†ca. 860). Belonged to Henri de Coislin, bishop of Metz (†1732) whose manuscripts came into the library of St Germain des Prés in 1735. In the Coislin collection it bore the number 185 and was bound up with Coislin 186, a Graeco-Latin Psalter; the fire at St Germain des Prés in 1794 damaged the binding; after that the manuscript was bound separately. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the first half of the nineteenth century.",2,,,"Cyprianus, Opera.",Parchment,,,"TM 66769",,"fol. 25 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b103088974,"Script is elegant, calligraphic uncial of the old type and is of two distinct but contemporary styles: the older style is seen on foll. 4–8, 148–155 in which uncial **E** has the high hasta, **G** a tiny tail, and **N** is broad; **F**, **P**, uncial **Q**, **R**, **S**, are small and confined within the lines. Probationes pennae in late Merovingian minuscule occur on foll. 25 and 155v. Many pages show added punctuation with the characteristic interrogation mark and corrections in neat, small mixed uncials in dark ink, in a hand believed to be that of Florus Diaconus of Lyon (cf. foll. 43v, 102 et passim).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/969,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/969,"Script is elegant, calligraphic uncial of the old type and is of two distinct but contemporary styles: the older style is seen on foll. 4–8, 148–155 in which uncial E has the high hasta, G a tiny tail, and N is broad; F, P, uncial Q, R, S, are small and confined within the lines. Probationes pennae in late Merovingian minuscule occur on foll. 25 and 155v. Many pages show added punctuation with the characteristic interrogation mark and corrections in neat, small mixed uncials in dark ink, in a hand believed to be that of Florus Diaconus of Lyon (cf. foll. 43v, 102 et passim).
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy, possibly South France. Was at Lyon in the time of Florus (†ca. 860). Belonged to Henri de Coislin, bishop of Metz (†1732) whose manuscripts came into the library of St Germain des Prés in 1735. In the Coislin collection it bore the number 185 and was bound up with Coislin 186, a Graeco-Latin Psalter; the fire at St Germain des Prés in 1794 damaged the binding; after that the manuscript was bound separately. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the first half of the nineteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/969.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/969.jpg 970,657,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,603,"Origin doubtless Italy, to judge by script and decoration. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 199 (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Basilius-Rufinus, Homiliae Morales (1–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66770",,"foll. 49v, 23v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90661250,"Script is a well-formed graceful uncial: the bow of uncial **A** ends in a point; the eye of uncial **E** is closed; **F**, **P** go well below the line; uncial **H** and **L** are tall and have a horizontal hair-line at the top to the left. Hierarchy of scripts—Square capital, Rustic, uncial—is illustrated on fol. 116. Prefaces are in smaller uncial (foll. 116, 128v). Marginalia in small contemporary uncial show uncial **EE**, **N**, uncial **Q**, **T** with superscript strokes for esse, non, quae, ter (foll. 49v, 51, 53v); seventh-century cursive marginalia in greenish ink occur on foll. 23v, 31v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/970,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/970,"Script is a well-formed graceful uncial: the bow of uncial A ends in a point; the eye of uncial E is closed; F, P go well below the line; uncial H and L are tall and have a horizontal hair-line at the top to the left. Hierarchy of scripts—Square capital, Rustic, uncial—is illustrated on fol. 116. Prefaces are in smaller uncial (foll. 116, 128v). Marginalia in small contemporary uncial show uncial EE, N, uncial Q, T with superscript strokes for esse, non, quae, ter (foll. 49v, 51, 53v); seventh-century cursive marginalia in greenish ink occur on foll. 23v, 31v.
","Origin doubtless Italy, to judge by script and decoration. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 199 (see fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/970.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/970.jpg 972,658,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule, Cursive Minuscule and Notae Tironianae",VIII¹,701,750,5,604,"Written apparently in East France. The Paris part belonged to the De Rosny Library (No. 2400 in the sale catalogue). Purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1844. The Bern part belonged to the French diplomat and scholar Jacques Bongars (†1612) who bequeathed his library to the city of Bern.",2,,,"Asper, Ars Grammatica; Formulae; Cyclus Decennovennalis; Aenigmata Hexasticha (Physiologus).",Parchment,,,"TM 66771",,"Image from MS Lat. 10756, foll. 63v, 67 recto and verso",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9065920c,"Script shows a variety of types: uncial is seen on foll. 64v–66v, pre-Caroline minuscule on fol. 67, and the poem on foll. 67v–68 is in mixed Cursive minuscule and Notae Tironianae, fol. 69v being entirely in Notae Tironianae, which also occur elsewhere. ",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/972,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/972,"Script shows a variety of types: uncial is seen on foll. 64v–66v, pre-Caroline minuscule on fol. 67, and the poem on foll. 67v–68 is in mixed Cursive minuscule and Notae Tironianae, fol. 69v being entirely in Notae Tironianae, which also occur elsewhere.
","Written apparently in East France. The Paris part belonged to the De Rosny Library (No. 2400 in the sale catalogue). Purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1844. The Bern part belonged to the French diplomat and scholar Jacques Bongars (†1612) who bequeathed his library to the city of Bern.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/972.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/972.jpg 974,659,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,5,605,"Written, it would seem, at Echternach by the scribe Laurentius. Three Echternach charters of the years 704, 710, and 711 were written by a scribe of the same name, and the name also occurs in the [Maihingen Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1694), paleographically closely related to the Willibrord Calendar described in the [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/975). The title, in the well-known fifteenth-century hand seen in many Echternach manuscripts, appears on fol. 2. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1680.",1,,,"Martyrologium Hieronymianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66772",,"fol. 32v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6001113z,"Script is an elegant minuscule: the narrow closed **a** is the rule; uncial **ꝺ** predominates; the bow of **p** is open and ends in a tiny thick point; **r** resembles minuscule n; **ꞅ** is more frequent than **s**; **mi** and **ti** ligatures occur at line-ends. In the upper margin of fol. 2, the scribe writes the prayer: 'Christe fave votis', and on fol. 32v he enters the longer inscription which gives us his name: 'O lector uiue lege et pro me ora. Tuorum, Domine, quorum nomina scribsi sanctorum, eorum, queso, suffragiis miserum leua Laurentium. Tuque idem lector ora.' Entries referring to Willibrord's death and translation in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII are seen in the margin of fol. 28v. The last leaf of the quire formed by foll. 26–33 and the first leaf of the next quire, originally blank, contain copies in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII of letters from Pope Honorius I to King Eadwin (†633) and to Honorius of Canterbury in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.","☛On the glosses, see: M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 127.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/974,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/974,"Script is an elegant minuscule: the narrow closed a is the rule; uncial ꝺ predominates; the bow of p is open and ends in a tiny thick point; r resembles minuscule n; ꞅ is more frequent than s; mi and ti ligatures occur at line-ends. In the upper margin of fol. 2, the scribe writes the prayer: 'Christe fave votis', and on fol. 32v he enters the longer inscription which gives us his name: 'O lector uiue lege et pro me ora. Tuorum, Domine, quorum nomina scribsi sanctorum, eorum, queso, suffragiis miserum leua Laurentium. Tuque idem lector ora.' Entries referring to Willibrord's death and translation in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII are seen in the margin of fol. 28v. The last leaf of the quire formed by foll. 26–33 and the first leaf of the next quire, originally blank, contain copies in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII of letters from Pope Honorius I to King Eadwin (†633) and to Honorius of Canterbury in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written, it would seem, at Echternach by the scribe Laurentius. Three Echternach charters of the years 704, 710, and 711 were written by a scribe of the same name, and the name also occurs in the Maihingen Gospels, paleographically closely related to the Willibrord Calendar described in the next item. The title, in the well-known fifteenth-century hand seen in many Echternach manuscripts, appears on fol. 2. First catalogued at the Bibliothèque Nationale as Suppl. Lat. 1680.
","☛On the glosses, see: M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 127.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/974.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/974.jpg 975,660,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII (ante 728)",701,728,5,606a,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, probably at Echternach by the scribe of the [Maihingen Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1694). The Calendar and the Martyrology were bound together before the ninth century, as is attested by the use to which the blank foll. 33 and 34 were put (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/974)).",,,,"Calendarium Willibrordi. Tabulae Paschales (684–759).",Parchment,"Calendar of Willibrord.",,"TM 66773",,"foll. 39v and 40v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6001113z,"Script is a fine calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule closely akin to that of the [Maihingen Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1694): **ꝺ** and **d**, **n** and **N**, **r** and **R**, **ꞅ** and **s**. Many additions saec. VIII and IX, some in Insular minuscule, some in uncial of the East French type; others of historical importance are written in inexpert minuscule with a stylus. Willibrord’s autograph entry on fol. 39v in a cramped hand, now retraced, reads: 'In nomine domini clemens uuillibrordus anno sexcentessimo nonagessimo ab incarnatione christi uen \i/ ebat ultra mare in francea et in dei nomine anno sexcentessimo nonagessimo quinto ab incarnatione domini quamuis indignus fuit ordinatus in romae episcopus ab apostolico uiro domno sergio papa. nunc uero in dei nomine agens annum septen \gen/ tessimum uigessimum octauum ab incarnatione domini nostri iesu christi in dei nomine feliciter.' In the Paschal Table, on fol. 40v, in the margin, is a cross opposite the year 717, perhaps marking the year in which the MS was written. The entry 'aodberto hecco' appears in cursive minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 44v.","☛Gamber, CLLA 414 a. ☛In the historical glosses, see M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 86.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/975,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/975,"Script is a fine calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule closely akin to that of the Maihingen Gospels: ꝺ and d, n and N, r and R, ꞅ and s. Many additions saec. VIII and IX, some in Insular minuscule, some in uncial of the East French type; others of historical importance are written in inexpert minuscule with a stylus. Willibrord’s autograph entry on fol. 39v in a cramped hand, now retraced, reads: 'In nomine domini clemens uuillibrordus anno sexcentessimo nonagessimo ab incarnatione christi uen \i/ ebat ultra mare in francea et in dei nomine anno sexcentessimo nonagessimo quinto ab incarnatione domini quamuis indignus fuit ordinatus in romae episcopus ab apostolico uiro domno sergio papa. nunc uero in dei nomine agens annum septen \gen/ tessimum uigessimum octauum ab incarnatione domini nostri iesu christi in dei nomine feliciter.' In the Paschal Table, on fol. 40v, in the margin, is a cross opposite the year 717, perhaps marking the year in which the MS was written. The entry 'aodberto hecco' appears in cursive minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 44v.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, probably at Echternach by the scribe of the Maihingen Gospels. The Calendar and the Martyrology were bound together before the ninth century, as is attested by the use to which the blank foll. 33 and 34 were put (see preceding item).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 414 a. ☛In the historical glosses, see M. C. Ferrari et al., Die Abtei Echternach 698–1998, Luxembourg 1999, p. 86.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/975.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/975.jpg 976,661,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII (post 760)",761,800,5,606b,"Written at Echternach. Provenance Echternach: see CLA [5.605](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/974).",,,,"Horologium; Orationes; Tabulae Paschales (760–797).",Parchment,,,"TM 66774",,"fol. 42v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6001113z,"Script of fol. 42 (on which the Horologium is found) is mixed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Foll. 42v–43 (Orationes) are in an expert and graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: uncial **A** with a thorn-like bow occurs at the beginning of words; the bows of **d** and **q** are often angular and open at the top; descenders are pointed and go well below the line; **e** in ligature occasionally resembles Arabic 8; titles to the prayers are in small uncial of an unmistakably Northumbrian type. The Paschal Tables (fol. 43 recto and verso) are in Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a compressed type. A few words in Greek by an inexpert hand.","☛Gamber, CLLA 414 b.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/976,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/976,"Script of fol. 42 (on which the Horologium is found) is mixed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Foll. 42v–43 (Orationes) are in an expert and graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: uncial A with a thorn-like bow occurs at the beginning of words; the bows of d and q are often angular and open at the top; descenders are pointed and go well below the line; e in ligature occasionally resembles Arabic 8; titles to the prayers are in small uncial of an unmistakably Northumbrian type. The Paschal Tables (fol. 43 recto and verso) are in Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a compressed type. A few words in Greek by an inexpert hand.
","Written at Echternach. Provenance Echternach: see CLA 5.605.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 414 b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/976.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/976.jpg 979,662,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII,601,700,5,607,"Origin uncertain, probably France. The manuscript was described as codex Luxoviensis by Dom Martianay in his edition of St Jerome; otherwise there is nothing to connect it with Luxeuil. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale after 1740, as Suppl. Lat. 1445.",3,,,"Lectionarium Gallicanum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66775",,"fol. 10 ",,,"Script, now seen only on flesh-side, is partly uncial (e.g. foll. 2–7, 10–15) and partly half-uncial of French type (e.g. foll. 11–14, 24–31): in the half-uncial part **G** invariably has the uncial form with the tail like a reversed comma.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 33 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52, no. 22.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/979,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/979,"Script, now seen only on flesh-side, is partly uncial (e.g. foll. 2–7, 10–15) and partly half-uncial of French type (e.g. foll. 11–14, 24–31): in the half-uncial part G invariably has the uncial form with the tail like a reversed comma.
","Origin uncertain, probably France. The manuscript was described as codex Luxoviensis by Dom Martianay in his edition of St Jerome; otherwise there is nothing to connect it with Luxeuil. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale after 1740, as Suppl. Lat. 1445.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 33 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52, no. 22.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/979.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/979.jpg 980,663,Uncial,"VIII¹ (715)",701,750,5,608,"Written certainly in France, as script, initials, and spelling suggest, and perhaps in some Burgundian centre. Belonged to Sirmond, who gave it to the college of Clermont at Paris. Before the sale of that library it came into the possession of M. de Lauragais and through his gift to the Royal collection in 1771. Later numbered Suppl. Lat. 696.",3,,,"Ps- Fredegarius, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66776",,"foll. 83 and 23",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10511002k,"Script is a rapid, not very expert uncial of a late French type: the bow of uncial **A** is small and suspended; **ꝺ** is narrow and rises high above the line; **G** ends in a characteristic turn to the right; the lower left limb of **X** turns to the right; **Y** is noteworthy, its left branch swinging above the preceding letters. On fol. 28v line 11 ends in Merovingian cursive. Contemporary marginalia in Merovingian cursive also occur on foll. 20, 58v, 69, 83, 86v, 184v. On fol. 184 at the end of the whole volume stands the added inscription by 'LUCERIOS, PRESBETER MONACOS' with the date ‘ANNO QUARTO DAGOBERTO REGNANTE' which could mean either 678 or 715 but, because it is more acceptable palaeographically and suits better the indiction given, it is probably the latter. The list of popes, entered on fol. 23 by the original hand, stops with 'Theuderus' (Theodorus, 642–649); it is continued by a later hand which stops with the sixteenth year of Hadrian (788). Crude pen-and-ink drawings are seen on foll. A and 23v; the latter folio has the Latin title transcribed in barbarous Greek characters which a ninth-century hand transliterated into Latin. Notae Tironianae on foll. 34, 137v, 184v. For number 90 the scribe writes LXL, for 91 LXLI, etc.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 29 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/980,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/980,"Script is a rapid, not very expert uncial of a late French type: the bow of uncial A is small and suspended; ꝺ is narrow and rises high above the line; G ends in a characteristic turn to the right; the lower left limb of X turns to the right; Y is noteworthy, its left branch swinging above the preceding letters. On fol. 28v line 11 ends in Merovingian cursive. Contemporary marginalia in Merovingian cursive also occur on foll. 20, 58v, 69, 83, 86v, 184v. On fol. 184 at the end of the whole volume stands the added inscription by 'LUCERIOS, PRESBETER MONACOS' with the date ‘ANNO QUARTO DAGOBERTO REGNANTE' which could mean either 678 or 715 but, because it is more acceptable palaeographically and suits better the indiction given, it is probably the latter. The list of popes, entered on fol. 23 by the original hand, stops with 'Theuderus' (Theodorus, 642–649); it is continued by a later hand which stops with the sixteenth year of Hadrian (788). Crude pen-and-ink drawings are seen on foll. A and 23v; the latter folio has the Latin title transcribed in barbarous Greek characters which a ninth-century hand transliterated into Latin. Notae Tironianae on foll. 34, 137v, 184v. For number 90 the scribe writes LXL, for 91 LXLI, etc.
","Written certainly in France, as script, initials, and spelling suggest, and perhaps in some Burgundian centre. Belonged to Sirmond, who gave it to the college of Clermont at Paris. Before the sale of that library it came into the possession of M. de Lauragais and through his gift to the Royal collection in 1771. Later numbered Suppl. Lat. 696.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 29 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/980.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/980.jpg 981,664,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,5,609,"Written probably in Italy, in the same scriptorium as the Bodleian manuscript of Canones (CLA [2.255](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/574)). Was at Fleury: the openings 8v–9 and 16v–17 show running along the margins the ninth-century ex-libris which is now mostly erased: 'Hic est liber Sancti benedicti abbati de floriaco monasterii'. Later belonged to Christopher Justel (†1649), who gave it to the library of Sedan (see fol. Bv). On fol. 1 is the entry: 'Supplt. lat. 669'.",3,,,"Prosper, Epigrammata; Augustinus, Sermones (90).",Parchment,,,"TM 66777",,"fol. 3 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154782,"Script is a careful and pleasing uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is thin; the tongue of uncial **E** is high; **LL** run together; **S** at line-end is often half-uncial; **Y** rises above the head-line; suprascript **U** is V-shaped; various ligatures including **NTUR** occur at line-end. The capitula on foll. 1–2 are in black Rustic capital: **A** is now with, now without the cross-bar; the second vertical of **U** and the third stroke of **N** descend below the line. Some marginalia in ordinary minuscule.","☛For Fleury marginalia, Bischoff, Katalog 4676a. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1169.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/981,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/981,"Script is a careful and pleasing uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is thin; the tongue of uncial E is high; LL run together; S at line-end is often half-uncial; Y rises above the head-line; suprascript U is V-shaped; various ligatures including NTUR occur at line-end. The capitula on foll. 1–2 are in black Rustic capital: A is now with, now without the cross-bar; the second vertical of U and the third stroke of N descend below the line. Some marginalia in ordinary minuscule.
","Written probably in Italy, in the same scriptorium as the Bodleian manuscript of Canones (CLA 2.255). Was at Fleury: the openings 8v–9 and 16v–17 show running along the margins the ninth-century ex-libris which is now mostly erased: 'Hic est liber Sancti benedicti abbati de floriaco monasterii'. Later belonged to Christopher Justel (†1649), who gave it to the library of Sedan (see fol. Bv). On fol. 1 is the entry: 'Supplt. lat. 669'.
","☛For Fleury marginalia, Bischoff, Katalog 4676a. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1169.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/981.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/981.jpg 983,665,"Insular Majuscule and Insular Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,610,"Written probably in Ireland.",,,,"Consentius, Excerpta ex Arte (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66778",,"Image shows the whole of the verso and part of the recto of fol. 123",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84386681,"Script: pointed Insular minuscule or majuscule of a small type is used for the metrical examples from Virgil with **d**, **n**, **ꞅ**; **R** rather than **r**. The main text is in tiny minuscule: the curious form of **e** with lower bow reversed occurs here and there.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/983,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/983,"Script: pointed Insular minuscule or majuscule of a small type is used for the metrical examples from Virgil with d, n, ꞅ; R rather than r. The main text is in tiny minuscule: the curious form of e with lower bow reversed occurs here and there.
","Written probably in Ireland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/983.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/983.jpg 985,666,"Corbie a-b Script and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,611,"Written doubtless at Corbie, whence probably issued the other early copies of this glossary in a-b script (Cambrai 633 + Paris Ste. Geneviève 55, fly-leaf + Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 140, = CLA [6.743](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1150)), Corbie apparently being the home of this compilation. The manuscript was used as security in the thirteenth century (see note at end of Lat. 11529). Given in 1680 by Claude Joly, Canon of Paris, to St-Germain-des-Prés, where it bore the number Lat. 12 (see Lat. 11529, foll. 1, 1v). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Ansileubus, Glossarium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66779",,"Image from fol. 25v of MS. Lat. 11530",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8454684f,"Script is, for the greater part of the manuscripts, in graceful Corbie a-b type described previously (see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)); Caroline minuscule of Maurdramnus type by several hands is seen in Lat. 11529 on foll. 1v, 39, 40, 102v–107v, 109–115; in Lat. 11530 on foll. 208–246v; also in corrections passim. One of these hands uses a horizontal stroke followed by a dot as an abbreviation mark (Lat. 11529, foll. 1v, 104). It is noteworthy that Maurdramnus minuscule hands are invariably at end of quires, or on separate quires or sheets, so here no evidence exists that a-b scribes and Maurdramnus scribes worked side by side. Restorations of a somewhat later date are: foll. 12–13, a bifolium, and fol. 108 in Lat. 11529; and foll. 17–24, a quire, and fol. 155, an insertion, in Lat. 11530. Notae Tironianae on fol. 87v of Lat. 11529.","☛M. Huglo, Scriptorium 55 (2001), pp. 18–19. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1170–1.",,,5,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/985,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/985,"Script is, for the greater part of the manuscripts, in graceful Corbie a-b type described previously (see CLA 5.554); Caroline minuscule of Maurdramnus type by several hands is seen in Lat. 11529 on foll. 1v, 39, 40, 102v–107v, 109–115; in Lat. 11530 on foll. 208–246v; also in corrections passim. One of these hands uses a horizontal stroke followed by a dot as an abbreviation mark (Lat. 11529, foll. 1v, 104). It is noteworthy that Maurdramnus minuscule hands are invariably at end of quires, or on separate quires or sheets, so here no evidence exists that a-b scribes and Maurdramnus scribes worked side by side. Restorations of a somewhat later date are: foll. 12–13, a bifolium, and fol. 108 in Lat. 11529; and foll. 17–24, a quire, and fol. 155, an insertion, in Lat. 11530. Notae Tironianae on fol. 87v of Lat. 11529.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, whence probably issued the other early copies of this glossary in a-b script (Cambrai 633 + Paris Ste. Geneviève 55, fly-leaf + Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 140, = CLA 6.743), Corbie apparently being the home of this compilation. The manuscript was used as security in the thirteenth century (see note at end of Lat. 11529). Given in 1680 by Claude Joly, Canon of Paris, to St-Germain-des-Prés, where it bore the number Lat. 12 (see Lat. 11529, foll. 1, 1v). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
","☛M. Huglo, Scriptorium 55 (2001), pp. 18–19. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1170–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/985.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/985.jpg 986,667,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,612,"Written doubtless at Corbie. A Corbie ex-libris of the thirteenth century stands on fol. 340v: 'liber Sancti petri corbeie'. With other Corbie manuscripts, it came to St Germain des Prés (there numbered lat. 213, olim 139) in the seventeenth century, and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Esaiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66780",,"fol. 136v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8423829s,"Script is a careful calligraphic minuscule of a distinct type described previously (see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)). A Caroline hand recalling Maurdramnus type of minuscule has supplied an omission on fol. 136v and elsewhere (foll. 214v, 215, 217). Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 317.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/986,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/986,"Script is a careful calligraphic minuscule of a distinct type described previously (see CLA 5.554). A Caroline hand recalling Maurdramnus type of minuscule has supplied an omission on fol. 136v and elsewhere (foll. 214v, 215, 217). Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 317.
","Written doubtless at Corbie. A Corbie ex-libris of the thirteenth century stands on fol. 340v: 'liber Sancti petri corbeie'. With other Corbie manuscripts, it came to St Germain des Prés (there numbered lat. 213, olim 139) in the seventeenth century, and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/986.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/986.jpg 987,668,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,613,"Written at Corbie, to judge by similarity with the Amiens Bible written for Abbot Maurdramnus (772–780). Fol. 151v has the old ex-libris: 'Liber sancti petri corbeie' (saec. XIII). Fol. 1 has: 'ex libris Corbeiensis monasterii' (saec. XVII). Brought to St Germain des Prés in 1638 with most of the Corbie MSS: fol. 1 has 'Sti Germani a Pratis 421, olim 198' (saec. XVIII). The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.",,,,"Augustinus, In Evangelium Iohannis (55–fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66781",,"fol. 16 ",,,"Script is a handsome, regular, firmly formed early Caroline minuscule of the same type as the [Maurdramnus Bible](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102) (Amiens MSS 6, 7, 9, 11, 12); typical are the letters **f**, **r**, **s**, with the knob-like fore-stroke and the **s** going below the line; the ascenders are club-shaped; **a** is the rule but open **a** occurs in the first part of the manuscript; **g** swings well to the right; uncial **N** occurs at beginning of words, the ligature **ot** occurs even mid-word. Capital **M** is often used in the headings, occasionally also **Q**. Other Paris items of this type are MSS [Lat. 11529 + 11530](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/985) in part, [12171](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1007), [12226](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1013), [12260](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1018), [12527](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1020), and 13373, a late survival of this type. The Tironian for 'hic' and 'hucusque' occur here and there in the margin (e.g., fol. 94).",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/987,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987,"Script is a handsome, regular, firmly formed early Caroline minuscule of the same type as the Maurdramnus Bible (Amiens MSS 6, 7, 9, 11, 12); typical are the letters f, r, s, with the knob-like fore-stroke and the s going below the line; the ascenders are club-shaped; a is the rule but open a occurs in the first part of the manuscript; g swings well to the right; uncial N occurs at beginning of words, the ligature ot occurs even mid-word. Capital M is often used in the headings, occasionally also Q. Other Paris items of this type are MSS Lat. 11529 + 11530 in part, 12171, 12226, 12260, 12527, and 13373, a late survival of this type. The Tironian for 'hic' and 'hucusque' occur here and there in the margin (e.g., fol. 94).
","Written at Corbie, to judge by similarity with the Amiens Bible written for Abbot Maurdramnus (772–780). Fol. 151v has the old ex-libris: 'Liber sancti petri corbeie' (saec. XIII). Fol. 1 has: 'ex libris Corbeiensis monasterii' (saec. XVII). Brought to St Germain des Prés in 1638 with most of the Corbie MSS: fol. 1 has 'Sti Germani a Pratis 421, olim 198' (saec. XVIII). The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/987.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/987.jpg 989,669,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,5,614,"Origin probably the Luxeuil region: the same type of uncial is found in titles of MSS Verona 40 (38) and Vatic. Regin. Lat. 317 (CLA [4.497](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845) and [1.106](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119)). The manuscript was at Lyon in the ninth century, where it was used by Florus. The Geneva part belonged to Aug. Petau; the Paris part was in the possession of the Fimarcon family in 1681, and was supposed to have once belonged to the Cathedral of Narbonne. Was at St Germain des Prés by 1750, where it bore the number 'lat. 664.3'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf came into the collection of Pierre Dubrowski in 1795.",,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae (279, 288, 21, 41, 38, 20, 358, 99, 359, 81, 194, 374, 352), Enarrationes in Psalmos, De Doctrina Christiana (1.9–15), Sermones (180). ",Parchment,,,"TM 59329",,"Image from MS. Lat. 11641, foll. 7v, 9, and 26v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8438674r,"Script is a handsome well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is characteristic; the lower bow of **B** protrudes considerably; the tail of **G** sweeps to the left almost parallel to the base-line; the top of **T** has a loop to the left and the stem has a long serif to the right; the lower left branch of **X** ends in a thickening to the right; the top and bottom strokes of **Z** are curved. Half-uncial by the same hand appears without reason from line 6 of fol. 7v and runs to the last line of fol. 8: n has two forms, **N** and **n**; the shafts of **b**, **d**, **h**, and **l** and even short down-strokes have a wedge-like finial strongly reminiscent of Insular calligraphy. Marginalia in rapid Merovingian cursive occur on fol. 26v. Many annotations, question-marks, and other signs in the well-known hand of Florus Diaconus of Lyon (†ca. 860).","☛Tewes, Luxeuil, No. 13, dates to VII ex. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe; half-uncial on foll. 7v, 8r. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF368, 1172. ☛Bischoff Katalog 1 no. 1345a. ☛Van Haelst 1227.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/989,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989,"Script is a handsome well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial A is characteristic; the lower bow of B protrudes considerably; the tail of G sweeps to the left almost parallel to the base-line; the top of T has a loop to the left and the stem has a long serif to the right; the lower left branch of X ends in a thickening to the right; the top and bottom strokes of Z are curved. Half-uncial by the same hand appears without reason from line 6 of fol. 7v and runs to the last line of fol. 8: n has two forms, N and n; the shafts of b, d, h, and l and even short down-strokes have a wedge-like finial strongly reminiscent of Insular calligraphy. Marginalia in rapid Merovingian cursive occur on fol. 26v. Many annotations, question-marks, and other signs in the well-known hand of Florus Diaconus of Lyon (†ca. 860).
","Origin probably the Luxeuil region: the same type of uncial is found in titles of MSS Verona 40 (38) and Vatic. Regin. Lat. 317 (CLA 4.497 and 1.106). The manuscript was at Lyon in the ninth century, where it was used by Florus. The Geneva part belonged to Aug. Petau; the Paris part was in the possession of the Fimarcon family in 1681, and was supposed to have once belonged to the Cathedral of Narbonne. Was at St Germain des Prés by 1750, where it bore the number 'lat. 664.3'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf came into the collection of Pierre Dubrowski in 1795.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil, No. 13, dates to VII ex. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe; half-uncial on foll. 7v, 8r. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF368, 1172. ☛Bischoff Katalog 1 no. 1345a. ☛Van Haelst 1227.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/989.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/989.jpg 990,670,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,615,"Origin doubtless Corbie. The thirteenth-century Corbie ex-libris 'lib Sci peꞇ' corbeie' is found on the fly-leaf and again on fol. 4. Brought from Corbie to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it had the press-mark 'N. 290, olim 141' (see front fly-leaf). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale with the St Germain manuscripts during the Revolution.",,,,"Beda, In Lucam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66782",,"fol. 167 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9076841s,"Script is an expert and careful minuscule of the familiar Corbie a-b type described fully under CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914). On fol. 167 in colophon after FELICITER one reads XC (for Xριστός) BOHΘHCONACI, ACI perhaps being an error for AEI; the same prayer with the same error occurs on fol. 173 of MS Lat. 2354 saec. IX also containing Bede on Luke.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/990,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/990,"Script is an expert and careful minuscule of the familiar Corbie a-b type described fully under CLA 5.554. On fol. 167 in colophon after FELICITER one reads XC (for Xριστός) BOHΘHCONACI, ACI perhaps being an error for AEI; the same prayer with the same error occurs on fol. 173 of MS Lat. 2354 saec. IX also containing Bede on Luke.
","Origin doubtless Corbie. The thirteenth-century Corbie ex-libris 'lib Sci peꞇ' corbeie' is found on the fly-leaf and again on fol. 4. Brought from Corbie to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it had the press-mark 'N. 290, olim 141' (see front fly-leaf). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale with the St Germain manuscripts during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/990.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/990.jpg 991,671,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,616,"Written in a centre of high calligraphic standards, probably in Italy. The psalter was at St Germain in 1269, since it is entered in an inventory of that year. According to an ancient tradition of the abbey, the volume had been used by St Germain himself (496–576) which is palaeographically possible. Later formed part of the abbey library where it bore first numbers 17.2, 780, and later 661 (fol. Cv). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 1–151).",Parchment,,,"TM 66783",,"fol. 171v ",,,"Script is a stately roundish uncial, not of the oldest type, with markedly forked finials and virtually no ascenders; the bow of uncial **A** is very pointed; the right branch of **Y** curves downward at the top. **αλεφ** in Greek letters occurs on fol. 235v.","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1601.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/991,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/991,"Script is a stately roundish uncial, not of the oldest type, with markedly forked finials and virtually no ascenders; the bow of uncial A is very pointed; the right branch of Y curves downward at the top. αλεφ in Greek letters occurs on fol. 235v.
","Written in a centre of high calligraphic standards, probably in Italy. The psalter was at St Germain in 1269, since it is entered in an inventory of that year. According to an ancient tradition of the abbey, the volume had been used by St Germain himself (496–576) which is palaeographically possible. Later formed part of the abbey library where it bore first numbers 17.2, 780, and later 661 (fol. Cv). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1601.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/991.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/991.jpg 992,672,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,5,617,"Written presumably in some French centre, probably in the North. Was certainly later at Corbie: MS Lat. 12021 has the Corbie seventeenth-century ex-libris (fol. 1). Lat. 12238 has on fol. 1 a thirteenth-century ex-libris from St Germain des Prés, where it had the number '855, olim 374'. Lat. 12021 was number '121, olim 572' at St Germain.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici (tituli, 3.1.3–5.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 66784",,"Image from MS. Lat. 12238, fol. 129, and Lat. 12021, fol. 140",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066657p,"Script is a late type of half-uncial verging on minuscule; suprascript **u** after **q** is a simple dash; the ligature **NS** occurs even in mid-line; initials have a tendency to enclose the following letter.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/992,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/992,"Script is a late type of half-uncial verging on minuscule; suprascript u after q is a simple dash; the ligature NS occurs even in mid-line; initials have a tendency to enclose the following letter.
","Written presumably in some French centre, probably in the North. Was certainly later at Corbie: MS Lat. 12021 has the Corbie seventeenth-century ex-libris (fol. 1). Lat. 12238 has on fol. 1 a thirteenth-century ex-libris from St Germain des Prés, where it had the number '855, olim 374'. Lat. 12021 was number '121, olim 572' at St Germain.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/992.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/992.jpg 993,673,"Mixed Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,618,"Written in France, probably in the monastery of the Holy Cross at Meaux by a scribe named David: the mention of Rebais in the martyrology (fol. 272) points to the diocese of Meaux; the Benedictiones episcopales suggest an episcopal see; the INUENTIO SCE CRUCIS on fol. 268 is conspicuous for its script and colour; the name David is found twice in the list from the Meaux monastery in the Reichenau Liber Confraternitatum; feasts of Central and North Gaul are prominent in the martyrology. The manuscript was at Gellone in the early ninth century, as suggested by the dedication on fol. 276 mentioned above; it was certainly there by about 900, to judge by the entries, 'Gellonis uuillelmi lib(er)' (foll. 123v–124), and 'Missale de Gillone' (fol. 276v). Later passed to St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number 'lat. 163' (fol. 1).",,,,"Sacramentarium Gellonense.",Parchment,"Gellone Sacramentary.",,"TM 66785",,"foll. 76v and 124",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b60000317,"Script is a curious type of mixed minuscule: a has two forms, **a** and open-**a**; uncial **ꝺ** is very frequent, uncial **G** is the rule; some parts of the MS use uncial **N**, **R**, and **S**; the shafts of **b**, **d**, **h**, and **l** are long and wedge-shaped, often ending in an oblique hair-line, recalling the script of Cambrai 300, foll. 6–9; the **ri** ligature occurs. Rubrics in a smaller script, sometimes enclosed, seen in the margin after fol. 156. Latin formulas in fancy Greek letters on foll. 143, 143v, 264. A pale line of cipher on fol. 43. Prayers added by various hands saec. VIII and IX on foll. 1, 159, 167, 245v, 256v, 264. The entry in the margin of fol. 276: 'Dedicatio baselice sancti Salvatoris in Gellone' is in a different and slightly later Caroline hand.","☛Gamber, CLLA 855. ☛C. R. Baldwin, 'The scriptorium of the Sacramentary of Gellone' [Scriptorium 25 (1971) 3–17](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1971_num_25_1_3424). ☛C. R. Baldwin, 'The Scribes of the Sacramentary of Gellone' [Scriptorium 27 (1973) 16–20](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1973_num_27_1_999).",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/993,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/993,"Script is a curious type of mixed minuscule: a has two forms, a and open-a; uncial ꝺ is very frequent, uncial G is the rule; some parts of the MS use uncial N, R, and S; the shafts of b, d, h, and l are long and wedge-shaped, often ending in an oblique hair-line, recalling the script of Cambrai 300, foll. 6–9; the ri ligature occurs. Rubrics in a smaller script, sometimes enclosed, seen in the margin after fol. 156. Latin formulas in fancy Greek letters on foll. 143, 143v, 264. A pale line of cipher on fol. 43. Prayers added by various hands saec. VIII and IX on foll. 1, 159, 167, 245v, 256v, 264. The entry in the margin of fol. 276: 'Dedicatio baselice sancti Salvatoris in Gellone' is in a different and slightly later Caroline hand.
","Written in France, probably in the monastery of the Holy Cross at Meaux by a scribe named David: the mention of Rebais in the martyrology (fol. 272) points to the diocese of Meaux; the Benedictiones episcopales suggest an episcopal see; the INUENTIO SCE CRUCIS on fol. 268 is conspicuous for its script and colour; the name David is found twice in the list from the Meaux monastery in the Reichenau Liber Confraternitatum; feasts of Central and North Gaul are prominent in the martyrology. The manuscript was at Gellone in the early ninth century, as suggested by the dedication on fol. 276 mentioned above; it was certainly there by about 900, to judge by the entries, 'Gellonis uuillelmi lib(er)' (foll. 123v–124), and 'Missale de Gillone' (fol. 276v). Later passed to St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number 'lat. 163' (fol. 1).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 855. ☛C. R. Baldwin, 'The scriptorium of the Sacramentary of Gellone' Scriptorium 25 (1971) 3–17. ☛C. R. Baldwin, 'The Scribes of the Sacramentary of Gellone' Scriptorium 27 (1973) 16–20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/993.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/993.jpg 995,674,"Half-Uncial and Uncial","VI¹ (ca. 523) and VI–VII",523,700,5,619,"Written in Gaul, presumably in one of the great ecclesiastical centres of the Rhone valley such as Arles or Lyon. The original collection of canons (foll. 1–139v) was apparently copied about 523: the list of popes on fol. 1v originally ended with Hormisdas, and the length of his pontificate was entered by the first hand; a second hand continued the list to Vigilius (537–55). The rest of the manuscript (foll. 139v–224v) saec. VI–VII was doubtless written at the same centre. Was at Corbie by the eighth century, as proved by the characteristic marginal note by a Corbie reader in cursive saec. VIII in. On fol. av is seen: 'Corbeiensis monastery' (saec. XVII). Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '936, olim 26' (foll. av and b). Came, with other manuscripts of that abbey, to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Canones Galliae et Catalogus Pontificum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66786",,"foll. 139v, 106v, 163v, 177",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90666568,"Script is an easy, informal half-uncial: with **Ᵹ** the rule and **G** the exception: **N** and **n** are used; **e** in ligature is frequent; a suprascript horizontal stroke often stands for **u** in bus, nus; the curious **Nh** ligature occurs in 'siNhodo' (fol. 80, etc.). The greeting at the end of letters 'deus uos custodiat' occurs in swift expert cursive, and the date is now in more, now in less calligraphic style, and occasionally in pure cursive with suprascript **a** in ligature, and **i**-longa in the **ti** ligature, and sickle-shaped suprascript **u**; in these parts the flag-like abbreviation-mark is frequent. Originally the manuscript ended on fol. 139v; it was continued saec. VI–VII by a number of scribes, first on what was left of the last quire; then by adding new quires of the same size. Script is uncial and half-uncial by several contemporary hands (both seen on foll. 181v, 183v): the uncial rapid, expert, recalling Lyon types; half-uncial verging on minuscule is seen on foll. 143–159; another half-uncial hand (foll. 203v, 204, 209) uses an a-like **c** followed by an **i**. The dates of letters are occasionally in cursive minuscule (foll. 163v, 165, 168v, 177). Marginal entries by hands found in the first part occur here also: a half-uncial hand saec. VII recalling Lat. 14086 (CLA [5.664](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1049)), is found on foll. 40v, 42v, 70v, 71, 73, 74, 190v, 191; an entry in a typical Merovingian cursive is seen on fol. 165; another cursive hand uses the **b** with a tag to the right (fol. 192); other marginal notes and corrections in mixed uncial or late half-uncial or French cursive minuscule by several hands saec. VI–VII and VII. The marginal note at the foot of fol. 106v in fine semi-cursive saec. VIII in., in greenish ink, set off by an S-like flourish above and below the entry, is by the same hand that made entries in a number of MSS from Corbie: Paris Lat. 12190, Lat. 12205, Lat. 13367, and Nouv. Acq. Lat. 2061 (CLA [5.632](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1008), [633](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1009), [658](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1040), and [692](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1082)). Notae Tironianae passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/995,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995,"Script is an easy, informal half-uncial: with Ᵹ the rule and G the exception: N and n are used; e in ligature is frequent; a suprascript horizontal stroke often stands for u in bus, nus; the curious Nh ligature occurs in 'siNhodo' (fol. 80, etc.). The greeting at the end of letters 'deus uos custodiat' occurs in swift expert cursive, and the date is now in more, now in less calligraphic style, and occasionally in pure cursive with suprascript a in ligature, and i-longa in the ti ligature, and sickle-shaped suprascript u; in these parts the flag-like abbreviation-mark is frequent. Originally the manuscript ended on fol. 139v; it was continued saec. VI–VII by a number of scribes, first on what was left of the last quire; then by adding new quires of the same size. Script is uncial and half-uncial by several contemporary hands (both seen on foll. 181v, 183v): the uncial rapid, expert, recalling Lyon types; half-uncial verging on minuscule is seen on foll. 143–159; another half-uncial hand (foll. 203v, 204, 209) uses an a-like c followed by an i. The dates of letters are occasionally in cursive minuscule (foll. 163v, 165, 168v, 177). Marginal entries by hands found in the first part occur here also: a half-uncial hand saec. VII recalling Lat. 14086 (CLA 5.664), is found on foll. 40v, 42v, 70v, 71, 73, 74, 190v, 191; an entry in a typical Merovingian cursive is seen on fol. 165; another cursive hand uses the b with a tag to the right (fol. 192); other marginal notes and corrections in mixed uncial or late half-uncial or French cursive minuscule by several hands saec. VI–VII and VII. The marginal note at the foot of fol. 106v in fine semi-cursive saec. VIII in., in greenish ink, set off by an S-like flourish above and below the entry, is by the same hand that made entries in a number of MSS from Corbie: Paris Lat. 12190, Lat. 12205, Lat. 13367, and Nouv. Acq. Lat. 2061 (CLA 5.632, 633, 658, and 692). Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written in Gaul, presumably in one of the great ecclesiastical centres of the Rhone valley such as Arles or Lyon. The original collection of canons (foll. 1–139v) was apparently copied about 523: the list of popes on fol. 1v originally ended with Hormisdas, and the length of his pontificate was entered by the first hand; a second hand continued the list to Vigilius (537–55). The rest of the manuscript (foll. 139v–224v) saec. VI–VII was doubtless written at the same centre. Was at Corbie by the eighth century, as proved by the characteristic marginal note by a Corbie reader in cursive saec. VIII in. On fol. av is seen: 'Corbeiensis monastery' (saec. XVII). Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '936, olim 26' (foll. av and b). Came, with other manuscripts of that abbey, to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/995.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/995.jpg 996,675,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,5,620,"Written in France, perhaps in a centre like Lyon. For provenance see the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995).",,,,Canones.,Parchment,,,"TM 66787",,"fol. 228v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90666568,"Script is a careful ornate uncial of a late type. The presence of Visigothic symptoms is noteworthy.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/996,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/996,"Script is a careful ornate uncial of a late type. The presence of Visigothic symptoms is noteworthy.
","Written in France, perhaps in a centre like Lyon. For provenance see the preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/996.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/996.jpg 997,676,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,621,"Written doubtless at Corbie, where the manuscript must have been at the end of the eighth century. A librarian's hand, saec. IX, which appears in other Corbie books (e.g. Paris Lat. 12190, CLA [5.632](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1008)) entered the contents on fol. Av. A thirteenth-century librarian wrote on fol. 1: 'liber de antiqua corbeia'. With other Corbie manuscripts it came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it bore the number '724, olim 581'. It came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Basilius, Hexameron; Gregorius Nyssenus, De Hominis Opificio.",Parchment,,,"TM 66788",,"fol. 15 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10721273j,"Script is the typical a-b calligraphic minuscule described previously (CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)). Marginalia containing analyses of the text, probably taken over from the exemplar, are in the same script but with frequent use of uncial **A**. Corrections and supplied omissions are in Maurdramnus type of minuscule; the title in pink uncial on foll. 65v and 66 closely resembles the rubrics of the [Maurdramnus Bible](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102).",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/997,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/997,"Script is the typical a-b calligraphic minuscule described previously (CLA 5.554). Marginalia containing analyses of the text, probably taken over from the exemplar, are in the same script but with frequent use of uncial A. Corrections and supplied omissions are in Maurdramnus type of minuscule; the title in pink uncial on foll. 65v and 66 closely resembles the rubrics of the Maurdramnus Bible.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, where the manuscript must have been at the end of the eighth century. A librarian's hand, saec. IX, which appears in other Corbie books (e.g. Paris Lat. 12190, CLA 5.632) entered the contents on fol. Av. A thirteenth-century librarian wrote on fol. 1: 'liber de antiqua corbeia'. With other Corbie manuscripts it came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it bore the number '724, olim 581'. It came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/997.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/997.jpg 998,677,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,622,"Written probably at Corbie. The manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. On fol. 2 stands the seventeenth-century entry 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis'. Like most Corbie manuscripts, it came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it was numbered '203, olim 119', and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Ambrosius, Hexameron.",Parchment,,,"TM 66789",,"fol. 35v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510445r,"Script is the familiar a-b type described above (CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)) by several hands; uncial **A** is not infrequent. Marginalia containing analyses of the text, probably by the first hand, are in uncial mixed with capital **D**, **E**, **Q**. The uncial form of **ꝺ** is spiral and looks like an open **O**; uncial **G** has the tail curving to the right.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/998,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/998,"Script is the familiar a-b type described above (CLA 5.554) by several hands; uncial A is not infrequent. Marginalia containing analyses of the text, probably by the first hand, are in uncial mixed with capital D, E, Q. The uncial form of ꝺ is spiral and looks like an open O; uncial G has the tail curving to the right.
","Written probably at Corbie. The manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. On fol. 2 stands the seventeenth-century entry 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis'. Like most Corbie manuscripts, it came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it was numbered '203, olim 119', and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/998.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/998.jpg 999,678,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,623,"Written doubtless at Corbie. The thirteenth-century Corbie ex-libris stands on fol. 2: 'liber Sci peꞇ corbeie'. With other Corbie manuscripts it migrated to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it had the number '216, olim 129' (see fol. 1). At the foot of fol. 1v stands the seventeenth-century entry 'Corbeiensis abbatiae in picardia'. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66790",,"fol. 23",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84262947,"Script is a fine example of the typical a-b script described under CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914); small uncial **A** (probably suggested by the Caroline **a**) is used to save space at line-ends. The spiral form of uncial **ꝺ**, **G** with the tail curving to the right and **H** with the gabled cross-stroke occur at beginning of sentences.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/999,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/999,"Script is a fine example of the typical a-b script described under CLA 5.554; small uncial A (probably suggested by the Caroline a) is used to save space at line-ends. The spiral form of uncial ꝺ, G with the tail curving to the right and H with the gabled cross-stroke occur at beginning of sentences.
","Written doubtless at Corbie. The thirteenth-century Corbie ex-libris stands on fol. 2: 'liber Sci peꞇ corbeie'. With other Corbie manuscripts it migrated to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it had the number '216, olim 129' (see fol. 1). At the foot of fol. 1v stands the seventeenth-century entry 'Corbeiensis abbatiae in picardia'. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/999.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/999.jpg 1000,679,"Cursive Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,5,624,"Written doubtless in France, most likely in the North and in a scriptorium where many discarded old manuscripts were available. It came to St Germain des Prés from Corbie: the seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on p. 1. Catalogued at St Germain as 'No. 1278, olim 142'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Hieronymus-Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66791",,"pp. 27 and 147",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script is a bold, rapid, and expert cursive minuscule abounding in extraordinary ligatures: the shafts of **b** and **l** bend in, that of **h** leans backward; **i**-longa is used initially, and medially for the semivocal sound, and it also occurs after **r** and **t**, a feature of quarter-uncial; uncial **N** is frequent; the bow of **q** is often open; **u** is often sickle-shaped and occurs even on the line; **y** is short and dotted; **bi** occurs in ligature, which is unusual; **l** in ligature often sweeps boldly below the line; the **ri** ligature resembles n with a prolonged second stroke. The Nota Tironiana 'hic' by a later hand occurs passim. Many words are transcribed interlinearly by a French hand saec. XIII. On p. 332 is the entry 'obierunt adalardus et rumo . . .' saec. XIII.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1000,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000,"Script is a bold, rapid, and expert cursive minuscule abounding in extraordinary ligatures: the shafts of b and l bend in, that of h leans backward; i-longa is used initially, and medially for the semivocal sound, and it also occurs after r and t, a feature of quarter-uncial; uncial N is frequent; the bow of q is often open; u is often sickle-shaped and occurs even on the line; y is short and dotted; bi occurs in ligature, which is unusual; l in ligature often sweeps boldly below the line; the ri ligature resembles n with a prolonged second stroke. The Nota Tironiana 'hic' by a later hand occurs passim. Many words are transcribed interlinearly by a French hand saec. XIII. On p. 332 is the entry 'obierunt adalardus et rumo . . .' saec. XIII.
","Written doubtless in France, most likely in the North and in a scriptorium where many discarded old manuscripts were available. It came to St Germain des Prés from Corbie: the seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on p. 1. Catalogued at St Germain as 'No. 1278, olim 142'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1000.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1000.jpg 1001,680,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,625,"Written in South France or Italy. Rewritten in some French centre in the North. For the later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000).",,,,"Breviarium Codicis Theodosiani (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66792",,"p. 74",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script is a good uncial: the hasta of uncial **E** is high and the eye is open. The lines containing the date are in cursive (specimen in Nouveau Traité, 3, plate 42, opp. p. 142).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1001,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1001,"Script is a good uncial: the hasta of uncial E is high and the eye is open. The lines containing the date are in cursive (specimen in Nouveau Traité, 3, plate 42, opp. p. 142).
","Written in South France or Italy. Rewritten in some French centre in the North. For the later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1001.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1001.jpg 1002,681,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,626,"Written presumably in the Visigothic kingdom, probably in South France. For the later history see CLA [5.624](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000).",,,,"Codex Euricianus (Lex Romana Visigothorum) (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66793",,"p. 84 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script is uncial, not of the oldest type: the eye of uncial **E** is mostly open, the hasta is high; the top-stroke of **T** bends downward on the left.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1002,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1002,"Script is uncial, not of the oldest type: the eye of uncial E is mostly open, the hasta is high; the top-stroke of T bends downward on the left.
","Written presumably in the Visigothic kingdom, probably in South France. For the later history see CLA 5.624.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1002.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1002.jpg 1003,682,Uncial,V,401,500,5,627,"Written presumably in Italy or in the South of France. For the later history see CLA [5.624](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000).",,,,"Asper, Quaestiones Vergilianae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66794",,"p. 127 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script is an old type of uncial, very neat and small: the hasta of uncial **E** is high; the tail of **G** is very short; **P** rarely extends below the base-line.","☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, p. 136 and n. 10.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1003,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1003,"Script is an old type of uncial, very neat and small: the hasta of uncial E is high; the tail of G is very short; P rarely extends below the base-line.
","Written presumably in Italy or in the South of France. For the later history see CLA 5.624.
","☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, p. 136 and n. 10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1003.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1003.jpg 1004,683,Cursive,VII,601,700,5,628,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in some French centre in the North. For the later history see CLA [5.624](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000).",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66795",,"p. 130 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script is small expert cursive.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1004,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1004,"Script is small expert cursive.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in some French centre in the North. For the later history see CLA 5.624.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1004.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1004.jpg 1005,684,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,629,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the North of France. For the later history see CLA [5.624](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1000).",0,,,"Panegyricus (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66796",,"p. 133",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52506880r,"Script, seen only on the flesh-side (p. 133), is a rather careless uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is central; the tail of **G** is short and hardly goes below the line; uncial **M** resembles the half-uncial form; the middle stroke of **N** is almost horizontal; the bow of **q** is full and rests on the base-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1005,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1005,"Script, seen only on the flesh-side (p. 133), is a rather careless uncial of a late type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is central; the tail of G is short and hardly goes below the line; uncial M resembles the half-uncial form; the middle stroke of N is almost horizontal; the bow of q is full and rests on the base-line.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the North of France. For the later history see CLA 5.624.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1005.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1005.jpg 1006,685,"a-z Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,5,630,"Written in North France, probably in the Laon region, where two other manuscripts of this type have been preserved (MSS Leon 137 and 423). Was used at Corbie by the beginning of the ninth century, to judge by the Maurdramnus corrections. A seventeenth century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. Av. Migrated to St Germain des Prés with other Corbie manuscripts in the seventeenth century, where it was numbered '738, olim 226' (fol. C). Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Augustinus, Quaestiones in Heptateuchum (1–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 66797",,"fol. 133 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8423830f,"Script is a distinct type of French pre-Caroline minuscule called a-z from its distinguishing letters (for details on the script see CLA [5.539](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/898) and [2.128](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441) and [174](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489)).",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1006,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1006,"Script is a distinct type of French pre-Caroline minuscule called a-z from its distinguishing letters (for details on the script see CLA 5.539 and 2.128 and 174).
","Written in North France, probably in the Laon region, where two other manuscripts of this type have been preserved (MSS Leon 137 and 423). Was used at Corbie by the beginning of the ninth century, to judge by the Maurdramnus corrections. A seventeenth century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. Av. Migrated to St Germain des Prés with other Corbie manuscripts in the seventeenth century, where it was numbered '738, olim 226' (fol. C). Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1006.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1006.jpg 1007,686,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,631,"Written at Corbie. This manuscript is apparently the first volume of a series continued in the ninth century, when MSS Lat. 12173–12180, 12182, and 12183 were written, partly in late Maurdramnus-type, partly in ordinary Caroline minuscule. The twelfth century Corbie ex-libris is found on fol. 1. Migrated to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it was catalogued as 'No. 741, olim 175' (fol. 1). Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (1–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 66798",,"fol. 88",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90780014,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Maurdramnus-type (see CLA [5.613](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987)) by more than one hand: **a** is normal, open **a** only here and there; various ligatures, including **ra** and **rꞇ** are found. Notae Tironianae on fol. 60. Greek words were transliterated in Latin by a twelfth-century hand.",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1007,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1007,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Maurdramnus-type (see CLA 5.613) by more than one hand: a is normal, open a only here and there; various ligatures, including ra and rꞇ are found. Notae Tironianae on fol. 60. Greek words were transliterated in Latin by a twelfth-century hand.
","Written at Corbie. This manuscript is apparently the first volume of a series continued in the ninth century, when MSS Lat. 12173–12180, 12182, and 12183 were written, partly in late Maurdramnus-type, partly in ordinary Caroline minuscule. The twelfth century Corbie ex-libris is found on fol. 1. Migrated to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it was catalogued as 'No. 741, olim 175' (fol. 1). Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1007.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1007.jpg 1008,687,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,632,"Written probably at Corbie. The manuscript was certainly at Corbie as early as saec. IX in.: part of the title on fol. Av is by the well-known uncial hand of an early ninth-century Corbie librarian. The Corbie seventeenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it had the number '758, olim 793', and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Augustinus, De consensu Evangelistarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66799",,"foll. 14v, 178v, and 63",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510447n,"Script is a robust though not very elegant uncial by at least two scribes; the main hand is rather heavy and makes use here and there of half-uncial letters or whole words (there are 6 lines of half-uncial in the middle of fol. 16 and 13 at the top of fol. 178v): the uncial letter **A** has a pear-shaped bow; **LL** often run together; round letters like **C** and uncial **E** often terminate in a thick dot (foll. 17, 100v, etc.). Marginal analyses of contents in mixed half-uncial and cursive are found on many pages (41, 41v, 42, 42v, 45, 49, 60, 62v, 63); they are strikingly like the compressed half-uncial capitula on fol. 240v. The addition on fol. 35v in minuscule saec. VIII–IX is also of a French type. The marginal entry on fol. 14v is in an older type of cursive also seen in a number of other MSS from Corbie (see CLA [5.619](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995)); an **R** transected by a slanting, pennant-like stroke on fol. 48 probably stands for 'require'; it is by the same scribe. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 92v, 98v, 163v. The manuscript is palaeographically instructive because it shows the contemporary half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1008,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1008,"Script is a robust though not very elegant uncial by at least two scribes; the main hand is rather heavy and makes use here and there of half-uncial letters or whole words (there are 6 lines of half-uncial in the middle of fol. 16 and 13 at the top of fol. 178v): the uncial letter A has a pear-shaped bow; LL often run together; round letters like C and uncial E often terminate in a thick dot (foll. 17, 100v, etc.). Marginal analyses of contents in mixed half-uncial and cursive are found on many pages (41, 41v, 42, 42v, 45, 49, 60, 62v, 63); they are strikingly like the compressed half-uncial capitula on fol. 240v. The addition on fol. 35v in minuscule saec. VIII–IX is also of a French type. The marginal entry on fol. 14v is in an older type of cursive also seen in a number of other MSS from Corbie (see CLA 5.619); an R transected by a slanting, pennant-like stroke on fol. 48 probably stands for 'require'; it is by the same scribe. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 92v, 98v, 163v. The manuscript is palaeographically instructive because it shows the contemporary half-uncial.
","Written probably at Corbie. The manuscript was certainly at Corbie as early as saec. IX in.: part of the title on fol. Av is by the well-known uncial hand of an early ninth-century Corbie librarian. The Corbie seventeenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it had the number '758, olim 793', and to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1008.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1008.jpg 1009,688,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,5,633,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy and possibly the region that produced Paris Lat. 12634 (CLA [5.645](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1023), [646](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1024)). The style of colophon and initial decoration, the feel of the parchment and the use of SRhL for 'israel', also found in the Harley Gospels (CLA [2.197](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/514)), suggest Italy. Provenance certainly Corbie: the manuscript was probably there by the end of the seventh century, to judge by the earliest marginalia. Mentioned in the catalogue of ca. 1200. On fol. 3 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'Ex Ms. bibliotheca Monasterii S. Petri Corbeiensis in Picardia'; on the same folio: 'STI Germani a Pratis N. 255 (olim 630)'.",3,,,"Augustinus, Opera; Instituta Nili Monachi; Regula Ss. Patrum; Regula Magistri; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66800",,"foll. 157 and 34",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10515452j,"Script is a pleasant though not very regular uncial by two different hands: hand A, somewhat larger and more formal than hand B, has characteristic forms of uncial **A**, **ꝺ** and **G**: uncial **A** at the head-line has a horn-like mane, **ꝺ** is made by three strokes, the top resembling an apple stem, **G** has a forked tail; hand B, seen on foll. 77–92 and 143–157, begins nearly every page with a somewhat larger letter, an ancient practice here taken over from the older exemplar; both hands apparently copied the original page by page as is suggested by frequent overflows at the end of a page and by occasional spreading towards the end. On foll. 10, 15v, 16v, 32v–34, and 64 are marginal glosses in cursive saec. VIII in. in pale ink with a characteristic s-like flourish above and below the entry-similar marginalia perhaps from the same pen are found in a number of other manuscripts from Corbie (see CLA [5.619](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995)). There are probationes pennae in the 'Luxeuil' type (fol. 157, one line), in the Corbie a-b type (foll. 2, 158v), two words in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, saec. IX, in the margin of fol. 34v, an addition in eN-type of Corbie minuscule on fol. 26v and numerous marginal entries by later Caroline hands. An **R** with an oblique stroke through it on fol. 10v and Notae Tironianae on foll. 12v and 13v stand for 'require'. Numerous crosses are seen in the margin. On foll. 157–158, originally left blank, a list of popes ending with John V (†705), whose years are not given, was entered in uncial by a somewhat later hand, which helps to date the main manuscript. Noteworthy is the division of the text into sense units by means of blanks.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 25 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 line copied in the same script as CLA [11.1617](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/371). ☛A. M. Mundó, 'Sur l'origine de l'écriture dite « ena » de Corbie, À propos de l'édition diplomatique du Paris, lat. 12205' [Scriptorium 11 (1957) 258–260](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1957_num_11_2_2941).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1009,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1009,"Script is a pleasant though not very regular uncial by two different hands: hand A, somewhat larger and more formal than hand B, has characteristic forms of uncial A, ꝺ and G: uncial A at the head-line has a horn-like mane, ꝺ is made by three strokes, the top resembling an apple stem, G has a forked tail; hand B, seen on foll. 77–92 and 143–157, begins nearly every page with a somewhat larger letter, an ancient practice here taken over from the older exemplar; both hands apparently copied the original page by page as is suggested by frequent overflows at the end of a page and by occasional spreading towards the end. On foll. 10, 15v, 16v, 32v–34, and 64 are marginal glosses in cursive saec. VIII in. in pale ink with a characteristic s-like flourish above and below the entry-similar marginalia perhaps from the same pen are found in a number of other manuscripts from Corbie (see CLA 5.619). There are probationes pennae in the 'Luxeuil' type (fol. 157, one line), in the Corbie a-b type (foll. 2, 158v), two words in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, saec. IX, in the margin of fol. 34v, an addition in eN-type of Corbie minuscule on fol. 26v and numerous marginal entries by later Caroline hands. An R with an oblique stroke through it on fol. 10v and Notae Tironianae on foll. 12v and 13v stand for 'require'. Numerous crosses are seen in the margin. On foll. 157–158, originally left blank, a list of popes ending with John V (†705), whose years are not given, was entered in uncial by a somewhat later hand, which helps to date the main manuscript. Noteworthy is the division of the text into sense units by means of blanks.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy and possibly the region that produced Paris Lat. 12634 (CLA 5.645, 646). The style of colophon and initial decoration, the feel of the parchment and the use of SRhL for 'israel', also found in the Harley Gospels (CLA 2.197), suggest Italy. Provenance certainly Corbie: the manuscript was probably there by the end of the seventh century, to judge by the earliest marginalia. Mentioned in the catalogue of ca. 1200. On fol. 3 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'Ex Ms. bibliotheca Monasterii S. Petri Corbeiensis in Picardia'; on the same folio: 'STI Germani a Pratis N. 255 (olim 630)'.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 25 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 line copied in the same script as CLA 11.1617. ☛A. M. Mundó, 'Sur l'origine de l'écriture dite « ena » de Corbie, À propos de l'édition diplomatique du Paris, lat. 12205' Scriptorium 11 (1957) 258–260.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1009.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1009.jpg 1010,689,Half-Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,634,"Written apparently in East France, in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence which also produced MSS Lat. 2110, 2706 (CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900), [547](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/907)) and Gotha 1.75. All the fragments come from St Germain des Prés; Lat. 12238 has a thirteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1 and the other two have a sixteenth-century ex-libris. In Lat. 12207 (fol. 1) the ex-libris reads 'Iste liber pertinet ecclesie sancti germani de pratis'; the manuscript bore the number '763, olim 222' at St Germain.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 66801",,"Image from the opening, foll. 145v-146",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066805n,"Script is a bold, well-formed half-uncial, recalling the script of Paris Lat. 2706 and 2110 (CLA [5.547](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/907), [541](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900)), with the peculiar forms of **G**, **N** and **X**, and suprascript **N** and **t** at line-end: capital **A** and v-shaped **u** are not infrequent at line-ends; the form of initial uncial **A** is noteworthy. Marginalia with lessons from the Gospels in a curious angular minuscule are seen on many leaves.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1010,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1010,"Script is a bold, well-formed half-uncial, recalling the script of Paris Lat. 2706 and 2110 (CLA 5.547, 541), with the peculiar forms of G, N and X, and suprascript N and t at line-end: capital A and v-shaped u are not infrequent at line-ends; the form of initial uncial A is noteworthy. Marginalia with lessons from the Gospels in a curious angular minuscule are seen on many leaves.
","Written apparently in East France, in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence which also produced MSS Lat. 2110, 2706 (CLA 5.541, 547) and Gotha 1.75. All the fragments come from St Germain des Prés; Lat. 12238 has a thirteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1 and the other two have a sixteenth-century ex-libris. In Lat. 12207 (fol. 1) the ex-libris reads 'Iste liber pertinet ecclesie sancti germani de pratis'; the manuscript bore the number '763, olim 222' at St Germain.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1010.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1010.jpg 1011,690,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,5,635,"Written probably in Italy. The manuscript was certainly in Gaul by the eighth century, to judge by the note on fol. 90v. Was at Corbie by the ninth century: a familiar ninth-century Corbie librarian's hand entered the title on fol. Bv; the seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris appears on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '766, olim 230'. The St Petersburg part belonged to the collection formed by Pierre Dubrowski, acquired during the Revolution when the MSS from St Germain were transferred to the Bibliothèque Nationale.",3,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (1–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 66802",,"Image from MS. Lat. 12214, foll. 192v and 14v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154837,"Script is a careful half-uncial of an old type by at least two hands : (1) foll. 1–34v and 117–278 show **Ᵹ** regularly half-uncial and **G** the exception (fol. 235v), the second bow of **m** occasionally rising above the headline, tall **t** at line-end, **x** high-waisted, and **y** with a vertical stem below the line; (2) foll. 35–116v show closed **e** and **r** with a rather low shoulder, and the uncial form of **ꝺ**, **G**, and **M**. Many marginalia in neat sloping uncial or quarter-uncial, with ancient abbreviations. Attention is called to noteworthy passages by various signs: a large hand, an oblique branch, or a cross with scroll above and below. Corrections in a-z script occur on foll. 60, 89v, probably by the hand that entered 'hic prin' on fol. 90v. These eighth-century entries may be by the very hand that made the surviving copy of this MS in a-z script, namely Bâle, Univ. Bibi. Fragm. N.I.4.2. + Freiburg-im-Br., Univ. Bibi. 483, 12. The added line on fol. 5 seems to be in the hand seen in cursive marginalia in several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA [5.619](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995)). Notae Tironianae in pencil on fol. 169. The scribe's confusing **r** and **s** suggests an exemplar in half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1011,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1011,"Script is a careful half-uncial of an old type by at least two hands : (1) foll. 1–34v and 117–278 show Ᵹ regularly half-uncial and G the exception (fol. 235v), the second bow of m occasionally rising above the headline, tall t at line-end, x high-waisted, and y with a vertical stem below the line; (2) foll. 35–116v show closed e and r with a rather low shoulder, and the uncial form of ꝺ, G, and M. Many marginalia in neat sloping uncial or quarter-uncial, with ancient abbreviations. Attention is called to noteworthy passages by various signs: a large hand, an oblique branch, or a cross with scroll above and below. Corrections in a-z script occur on foll. 60, 89v, probably by the hand that entered 'hic prin' on fol. 90v. These eighth-century entries may be by the very hand that made the surviving copy of this MS in a-z script, namely Bâle, Univ. Bibi. Fragm. N.I.4.2. + Freiburg-im-Br., Univ. Bibi. 483, 12. The added line on fol. 5 seems to be in the hand seen in cursive marginalia in several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA 5.619). Notae Tironianae in pencil on fol. 169. The scribe's confusing r and s suggests an exemplar in half-uncial.
","Written probably in Italy. The manuscript was certainly in Gaul by the eighth century, to judge by the note on fol. 90v. Was at Corbie by the ninth century: a familiar ninth-century Corbie librarian's hand entered the title on fol. Bv; the seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris appears on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '766, olim 230'. The St Petersburg part belonged to the collection formed by Pierre Dubrowski, acquired during the Revolution when the MSS from St Germain were transferred to the Bibliothèque Nationale.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1011.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1011.jpg 1012,691,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,636,"Written doubtless at Corbie, where it probably remained until it came to St Germain des Prés. On fol. 1v stand the two eighteenth century entries: 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis’ and 'St. Germani a Pratis', the St Germain press-mark was '760, olim 218'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Augustinus, Solutiones Diversarum Quaestionum, Liber Contra Adamantium Haereticum, Breviarium Contra Arianos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66803",,"Image from foll. 57v and 58, showing the two contemporary scripts",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9077999n,"Script is a good specimen of the type known as a-b, described under CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914))). The opening six lines of Contra Adamantium (fol. 56) are in uncial with **A** and **Q** capital. An excellent scribe using the Maurdramnus type of minuscule wrote part of fol. 54v and all of fol. 58.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1012,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1012,"Script is a good specimen of the type known as a-b, described under CLA 5.554)). The opening six lines of Contra Adamantium (fol. 56) are in uncial with A and Q capital. An excellent scribe using the Maurdramnus type of minuscule wrote part of fol. 54v and all of fol. 58.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, where it probably remained until it came to St Germain des Prés. On fol. 1v stand the two eighteenth century entries: 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis’ and 'St. Germani a Pratis', the St Germain press-mark was '760, olim 218'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1012.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1012.jpg 1013,692,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,637,"Written at Corbie. The manuscript of which the fragment is a fly-leaf came from Corbie to St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '256, olim 235'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (abbreviatio) (praefatio).",Parchment,,,"TM 66804",,"fol. 114 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90779987,"Script is an excellent example of the Maurdramnus-type of early Caroline minuscule: **a** throughout; the **ot** ligature occurs even in mid-word. For other examples in this type see CLA [5.613](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987).",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1013,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1013,"Script is an excellent example of the Maurdramnus-type of early Caroline minuscule: a throughout; the ot ligature occurs even in mid-word. For other examples in this type see CLA 5.613.
","Written at Corbie. The manuscript of which the fragment is a fly-leaf came from Corbie to St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '256, olim 235'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1013.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1013.jpg 1015,693,"eN-type and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,638,"Written in France, and probably in the North, as all the examples of this type have been preserved at Corbie: MSS Lat. 13028, 13347, 13348, 13349 (CLA [5.647](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025), [655](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1036), [656](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1037), [657](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1038)), [Amiens 220](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1110), and [St Petersburg O.v.I.4](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/383). Old Corbie catalogues mention 'Cassiodorus in Psalmos in tria volumina', referring probably to this manuscript and Paris Lat. 12240–12241 (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1016)). The title in a well known fifteenth-century Corbie librarian's hand is seen on fol. Av, and the Corbie ex-libris of the seventeenth century on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it was numbered '266'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.",,,,"Cassiodorus, In Psalmos (1–50).",Parchment,,,"TM 66805",,"fol. 74 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10720882f,"Script of the main part (foll. 1–52v, 74ff.) is a distinct type, recalling half-uncial and with several cursive elements, in which **e** and **N** do not combine and the **N** is invariably uncial: **a** has the open form and is occasionally superscript; **e** in ligature is high and open; **n** is usually uncial; sickle-shaped **u** occurs in final syllables; **y** is short, occasionally dotted, with both branches curving to the right an Insular feature; numerous ligatures occur. The rest of the MS (foll. 53v–74) is in contemporary Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe, showing Insular influence. 'Gislefridus' (fol. 76v) and 'Landricus' (foll. 76v, 100v) are possibly the names of the scribes; 'Vapertus (?) diaconus' in Notae Tironianae (fol. 137); 'FRUL FULCO rotgr UUALDO' entered in dry-point (fol. 146). Neumes on fol. 239.",,,1,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1015,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015,"Script of the main part (foll. 1–52v, 74ff.) is a distinct type, recalling half-uncial and with several cursive elements, in which e and N do not combine and the N is invariably uncial: a has the open form and is occasionally superscript; e in ligature is high and open; n is usually uncial; sickle-shaped u occurs in final syllables; y is short, occasionally dotted, with both branches curving to the right an Insular feature; numerous ligatures occur. The rest of the MS (foll. 53v–74) is in contemporary Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe, showing Insular influence. 'Gislefridus' (fol. 76v) and 'Landricus' (foll. 76v, 100v) are possibly the names of the scribes; 'Vapertus (?) diaconus' in Notae Tironianae (fol. 137); 'FRUL FULCO rotgr UUALDO' entered in dry-point (fol. 146). Neumes on fol. 239.
","Written in France, and probably in the North, as all the examples of this type have been preserved at Corbie: MSS Lat. 13028, 13347, 13348, 13349 (CLA 5.647, 655, 656, 657), Amiens 220, and St Petersburg O.v.I.4. Old Corbie catalogues mention 'Cassiodorus in Psalmos in tria volumina', referring probably to this manuscript and Paris Lat. 12240–12241 (see next item). The title in a well known fifteenth-century Corbie librarian's hand is seen on fol. Av, and the Corbie ex-libris of the seventeenth century on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, where it was numbered '266'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1015.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1015.jpg 1016,694,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,639,"Written in North France, probably in the region that produced Paris Lat. 1564 CLA [5.529](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/886)). MS Lat. 12241 has a Carolingian binding. Came to Corbie probably early. A twelfth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 12240: 'lib S pet corbeie’ and fol. 1 of Lat. 12241: 'lib de antiqua corbeia'. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century and was numbered there: '267, olim 70'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Cassiodorus, In Psalmos (51–90).",Parchment,,,"TM 66806",,"Image from fol. 163 of MS. Lat. 12241",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10720964w,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: open **a** and **a** are used; **c** is often high-backed; the first stroke of **N** leans to the right and descends below the line; the bow of **p** is often pointed at the top; **r** is short except in **ri**, **ro** ligatures; the **st** ligature is somewhat angular at the top, with the cross-bar of **t** prolonged to right and left. The uncial of the lemmata is of the unmistakable type seen in Vatic. Regin. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 (q.v.)(CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)) : the top of **ꝺ** is often stem-like; the bows of uncial **M** rise branch-like; the two uprights of **N** lean towards each other. Notae Tironianae in the margin of fol. 124v of Lat. 12240.","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 77.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1016,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1016,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: open a and a are used; c is often high-backed; the first stroke of N leans to the right and descends below the line; the bow of p is often pointed at the top; r is short except in ri, ro ligatures; the st ligature is somewhat angular at the top, with the cross-bar of t prolonged to right and left. The uncial of the lemmata is of the unmistakable type seen in Vatic. Regin. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193 (q.v.)(CLA 1.105) : the top of ꝺ is often stem-like; the bows of uncial M rise branch-like; the two uprights of N lean towards each other. Notae Tironianae in the margin of fol. 124v of Lat. 12240.
","Written in North France, probably in the region that produced Paris Lat. 1564 CLA 5.529). MS Lat. 12241 has a Carolingian binding. Came to Corbie probably early. A twelfth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of Lat. 12240: 'lib S pet corbeie’ and fol. 1 of Lat. 12241: 'lib de antiqua corbeia'. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century and was numbered there: '267, olim 70'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 77.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1016.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1016.jpg 1017,695,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,640,"Written probably in Septimania. Provenance Corbie. The manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. A seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it bore the number '278, olim 204'. Reached the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2–40).",Parchment,,,"TM 66807",,"fol. 179 ",,,"Script is a careful, well-formed Visigothic minuscule; **y** is dotted. Foll. 85–87, 150–151 were erased and used in the twelfth century to copy Homily 7 and Homily 32 (although they are already included in the collection). Interlinear transcription saec. XI on many pages. A list of proper names in ninth-century minuscule is entered on fol. 232: Gyso chs, Sabadino, Gualterio, Adeltruda, Raimpal, Hamulo, Mariola, Barello. Neumes added on foll. 181v, 224v.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1017,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1017,"Script is a careful, well-formed Visigothic minuscule; y is dotted. Foll. 85–87, 150–151 were erased and used in the twelfth century to copy Homily 7 and Homily 32 (although they are already included in the collection). Interlinear transcription saec. XI on many pages. A list of proper names in ninth-century minuscule is entered on fol. 232: Gyso chs, Sabadino, Gualterio, Adeltruda, Raimpal, Hamulo, Mariola, Barello. Neumes added on foll. 181v, 224v.
","Written probably in Septimania. Provenance Corbie. The manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. A seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it bore the number '278, olim 204'. Reached the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1017.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1017.jpg 1018,696,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,641,"Written at Corbie, as the script suggests and the Martyrology confirms: fol. 2 has the entry: 'Corbeia monasterio dedicatio basilice sancti iohannis euangeliste'; and the feasts and depositiones mentioned on foll. 8, 9v, and 10 point to Corbie; the obit of the Corbie abbot Rataldus (†986) is added on fol. 3v The thirteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeie' is seen on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '479, olim 93' (fol. 1).",,,,"Martyrologium Corbeiense; Gregorius Magnus, De Cura Pastorali.",Parchment,,,"TM 66808",,"fol. 61v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9077674s,"Script is the distinct type of early Caroline minuscule known as Maurdramnus and described previously (see CLA [5.613](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987)): **a** has two forms in the Martyrology, elsewhere the uncial form is the rule; **z** is elongated and stands on the line; **G** with the tail inclined to the left occurs in uncial headings (e.g. fol. 12).",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1018,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1018,"Script is the distinct type of early Caroline minuscule known as Maurdramnus and described previously (see CLA 5.613): a has two forms in the Martyrology, elsewhere the uncial form is the rule; z is elongated and stands on the line; G with the tail inclined to the left occurs in uncial headings (e.g. fol. 12).
","Written at Corbie, as the script suggests and the Martyrology confirms: fol. 2 has the entry: 'Corbeia monasterio dedicatio basilice sancti iohannis euangeliste'; and the feasts and depositiones mentioned on foll. 8, 9v, and 10 point to Corbie; the obit of the Corbie abbot Rataldus (†986) is added on fol. 3v The thirteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeie' is seen on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '479, olim 93' (fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1018.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1018.jpg 1019,697,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,642,"Written probably in Ireland. Provenance Corbie: the, old ex~libris:, 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeie' (saec. XII–XIII) stands on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '852, olim 623'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Anonymous, Commentarii in Matthaeum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66809",,"fol. C",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85721911,"Script is a square minuscule with few ligatures: **ꝺ**, though uncial, has an almost vertical second stroke; **e** is tall and open; **Ᵹ** is 3-shaped and very narrow; the bow of **p** is often open and ends in a tag to the right, an lnsular feature; v-shaped suprascript **u** is frequent in final syllables; the form of **z** is typically Insular; the **ae** ligature occurs frequently; the ligature **ui** stands on the line and resembles elongated figure 3.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1019,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1019,"Script is a square minuscule with few ligatures: ꝺ, though uncial, has an almost vertical second stroke; e is tall and open; Ᵹ is 3-shaped and very narrow; the bow of p is often open and ends in a tag to the right, an lnsular feature; v-shaped suprascript u is frequent in final syllables; the form of z is typically Insular; the ae ligature occurs frequently; the ligature ui stands on the line and resembles elongated figure 3.
","Written probably in Ireland. Provenance Corbie: the, old ex~libris:, 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeie' (saec. XII–XIII) stands on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '852, olim 623'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1019.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1019.jpg 1020,698,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,643,"Written at Corbie, to judge by resemblance to the [Bible](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102) (Amiens MSS 6, 7, 9, 11, 12) written for Abbot Maurdramnus (772–780). For other manuscripts in this type, see CLA [5.613](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987). The seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 2. Later at St Germain des Prés where it was numbered 459 (fol. 2).",,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (6–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 66810",,"fol. 4v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9077650c,"Script is a distinct type of early Caroline minuscule known as Maurdramnus and described previously (CLA [5.613](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987)): **a** is far more common than open **a**; the Insular form of **y**, with both branches leaning to the right, occurs. Index of chapters in typical Corbie half-uncial (cf. CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)); the first lines of chapters in uncial or in Corbie half-uncial.",,,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1020,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1020,"Script is a distinct type of early Caroline minuscule known as Maurdramnus and described previously (CLA 5.613): a is far more common than open a; the Insular form of y, with both branches leaning to the right, occurs. Index of chapters in typical Corbie half-uncial (cf. CLA 5.554); the first lines of chapters in uncial or in Corbie half-uncial.
","Written at Corbie, to judge by resemblance to the Bible (Amiens MSS 6, 7, 9, 11, 12) written for Abbot Maurdramnus (772–780). For other manuscripts in this type, see CLA 5.613. The seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 2. Later at St Germain des Prés where it was numbered 459 (fol. 2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1020.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1020.jpg 1021,699,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,644a,"Written presumably in the Lowlands in the vicinity of Utrecht or Maastricht, regions where St Servatius and St Landebertus were especially honoured. Completed about A.D. 800 in the centre which also produced MS Lat. 13396 (CLA [5.661](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1043)); see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1022). Was at Corbie probably in the ninth century, certainly in the seventeenth century, as indicated by the ex-libris on fol. 109v. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was catalogued as 'No. 1045, olim 671' (fol. 2).",,,,"Vita S Servatii; Vita S Landeberti (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66811",,"fol. 50 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066719b,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a peculiar type, not unlike that of MS Lat. 1853 (CLA [5.537](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/895)), with numerous ligatures: only open **a** is used; **f** is half-uncial; **r** has a characteristic angular shoulder; t has two forms—**ꞇ** and also **ꞇ** resembling the Beneventan and Visigothic; the lower left shaft of **x** bends to the right: **ti** ligature is used for the hard sound of ti. Fol. 47v and parts of fol. 49 recto and verso are written in a more cursive hand. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 50 and 51.","☛Gamber, CLLA 279. ☛Completed by LDAB 8062; description by M. Gaillard, in: M. Goullet (ed.), Parva pro magnis munera, Etudes de littérature tardo-antique et médiévale offertes à F. Dolbeau, Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia 51, Turnhout 2009, p. 309–402.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1021,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a peculiar type, not unlike that of MS Lat. 1853 (CLA 5.537), with numerous ligatures: only open a is used; f is half-uncial; r has a characteristic angular shoulder; t has two forms—ꞇ and also ꞇ resembling the Beneventan and Visigothic; the lower left shaft of x bends to the right: ti ligature is used for the hard sound of ti. Fol. 47v and parts of fol. 49 recto and verso are written in a more cursive hand. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 50 and 51.
","Written presumably in the Lowlands in the vicinity of Utrecht or Maastricht, regions where St Servatius and St Landebertus were especially honoured. Completed about A.D. 800 in the centre which also produced MS Lat. 13396 (CLA 5.661); see next item. Was at Corbie probably in the ninth century, certainly in the seventeenth century, as indicated by the ex-libris on fol. 109v. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was catalogued as 'No. 1045, olim 671' (fol. 2).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 279. ☛Completed by LDAB 8062; description by M. Gaillard, in: M. Goullet (ed.), Parva pro magnis munera, Etudes de littérature tardo-antique et médiévale offertes à F. Dolbeau, Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia 51, Turnhout 2009, p. 309–402.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1021.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1021.jpg 1022,700,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,644b,"Written in the Lowlands or North-east France, to complete an earlier MS of Vitae Sanctorum (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021)). Was certainly at Corbie soon after it had been written, as suggested by the entries in Maurdramnus minuscule. For the later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021).",,,,"Vitae Sanctorum (SS Martinus, Remigius, Medardus, Vedastius, cyclus Rictiovarus, etc.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66812",,"foll. 42v and 62",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066719b,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule by several hands, of the same type as MS Lat. 13396 (CLA [5.661](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1043)), retaining a considerable number of ligatures: **a** has three forms **a**, open **a**, and half-uncial **a**; **N** occasionally, even in mid-word; **e** in ligature is mostly open; **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti sound. Script becomes more cursive here and there at line-ends. A few lines in pure Maurdramnus-type are found on fol. 22v, a page originally left blank, and in a correction over erasure on fol. 5v. Notae Tironianae on fol. 105. A few hymns and collects and a magic formula: 'Carmen ad draumculum', saec. XII, seen on fol. 61, originally left blank.","☛Completes contents of CLA [5.644a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021); description by M. Gaillard, in: M. Goullet (ed.), Parva pro magnis munera, Etudes de littérature tardo-antique et médiévale offertes à F. Dolbeau, Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia 51, Turnhout 2009, pp. 309–402.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1022,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1022,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule by several hands, of the same type as MS Lat. 13396 (CLA 5.661), retaining a considerable number of ligatures: a has three forms a, open a, and half-uncial a; N occasionally, even in mid-word; e in ligature is mostly open; ti ligature for hard and soft ti sound. Script becomes more cursive here and there at line-ends. A few lines in pure Maurdramnus-type are found on fol. 22v, a page originally left blank, and in a correction over erasure on fol. 5v. Notae Tironianae on fol. 105. A few hymns and collects and a magic formula: 'Carmen ad draumculum', saec. XII, seen on fol. 61, originally left blank.
","Written in the Lowlands or North-east France, to complete an earlier MS of Vitae Sanctorum (see preceding item). Was certainly at Corbie soon after it had been written, as suggested by the entries in Maurdramnus minuscule. For the later history see preceding item.
","☛Completes contents of CLA 5.644a; description by M. Gaillard, in: M. Goullet (ed.), Parva pro magnis munera, Etudes de littérature tardo-antique et médiévale offertes à F. Dolbeau, Instrumenta Patristica et Mediaevalia 51, Turnhout 2009, pp. 309–402.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1022.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1022.jpg 1023,701,Uncial,VII²,651,700,5,645,"Written presumably in the same centre as the [following item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1024), as suggested by colophons and spelling. Later at Corbie. A seventeenth century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1; the same page has an eighteenth century St Germain des Prés ex-libris with the numbers '960, olim 676'.",,,,"Serapion et Alii, Regula; Evagrius, Sententiae ad Monachos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66813",,"fol. 6v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90668277,"Script is a somewhat heavy and inexpert uncial with a characteristic uncial **A** in which the bow is detached from the stem and ends in a hair line; the top of **T** terminates in two downward pendants; v-shaped **U** occurs at line-ends; **X** is high-waisted. The whole writing is uneven. ","☛A. Génestout, 'Le plus ancien témoin manuscrit de la Règle du Maître' [Scriptorium 1 (1946) 129–142](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1946_num_1_1_2046).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1023,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1023,"Script is a somewhat heavy and inexpert uncial with a characteristic uncial A in which the bow is detached from the stem and ends in a hair line; the top of T terminates in two downward pendants; v-shaped U occurs at line-ends; X is high-waisted. The whole writing is uneven.
","Written presumably in the same centre as the following item, as suggested by colophons and spelling. Later at Corbie. A seventeenth century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1; the same page has an eighteenth century St Germain des Prés ex-libris with the numbers '960, olim 676'.
","☛A. Génestout, 'Le plus ancien témoin manuscrit de la Règle du Maître' Scriptorium 1 (1946) 129–142.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1023.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1023.jpg 1024,702,Uncial,"VI ex uel VI–VII",501,700,5,646,"Written probably in Italy and possibly in the region that produced MS Lat. 12205 (CLA [5.633](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1009)), as is suggested by the spelling, decoration, and feel of the parchment. Provenance Corbie; on fol. 1 a fifteenth-century Corbie librarian entered the title, and the usual seventeenth-century Corbie mark of ownership stands on the same page. With other Corbie books the manuscript migrated to St Germain des Prés, where it had the numbers '960, olim 676'. The St Petersburg leaves were acquired by Pierre Dubrowski during the Revolution.",3,,,"Augustinus, Regulae Monachorum, Regula Magistri; Maximus Taurinensis, Homiliae (74–76), Passio SS. Iohannis et Pauli; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66814",,"foll. 77v and 69",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90668277,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by two similar hands: uncial **A** often has a mane-like top, its bow is a thin oval; the upper bow of **B** is angular; the top of **ꝺ** often resembles the stem of an apple; the tail of **G** ends in a curve to the right; the bows of uncial **M** are roundish, and mostly fail to reach the base-line; the bow of **P** occasionally ends in a tiny loop or curl (fol. 70v); **T**, often tall, has a top with two pendant down-strokes; suprascript **U** after uncial **Q**, frequently used, is a broad horizontal curve like flapping wings; **X** has two forms; **Y** is undotted and goes below the line; some letters extend in a flourish at line-end; the ligatures of **OS** and **US** are noteworthy. Small corrections in early Caroline minuscule occur on foll. 143v, 148v, 149v.","☛CLA date (VI¹) changed to follow corrections in CLA 6 p. X.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1024,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1024,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by two similar hands: uncial A often has a mane-like top, its bow is a thin oval; the upper bow of B is angular; the top of ꝺ often resembles the stem of an apple; the tail of G ends in a curve to the right; the bows of uncial M are roundish, and mostly fail to reach the base-line; the bow of P occasionally ends in a tiny loop or curl (fol. 70v); T, often tall, has a top with two pendant down-strokes; suprascript U after uncial Q, frequently used, is a broad horizontal curve like flapping wings; X has two forms; Y is undotted and goes below the line; some letters extend in a flourish at line-end; the ligatures of OS and US are noteworthy. Small corrections in early Caroline minuscule occur on foll. 143v, 148v, 149v.
","Written probably in Italy and possibly in the region that produced MS Lat. 12205 (CLA 5.633), as is suggested by the spelling, decoration, and feel of the parchment. Provenance Corbie; on fol. 1 a fifteenth-century Corbie librarian entered the title, and the usual seventeenth-century Corbie mark of ownership stands on the same page. With other Corbie books the manuscript migrated to St Germain des Prés, where it had the numbers '960, olim 676'. The St Petersburg leaves were acquired by Pierre Dubrowski during the Revolution.
","☛CLA date (VI¹) changed to follow corrections in CLA 6 p. X.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1024.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1024.jpg 1025,703,"eN-type Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,647,"Written in France, probably in the North, in the centre that produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)). On fol. 1 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis'. Came in the seventeenth century to St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '806, olim 261'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution, along with the entire St Germain collection.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (4.1–12, 16–22).",Parchment,,,"TM 66815",,"fol. 65v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510416z,"Script is a distinct type of early minuscule: it is characterized by a high uncial **E** when in ligature and the fairly constant use of uncial **N**; sickle-shaped suprascript **u** occurs (fol. 23v); **y** is mostly short and dotted and both branches curve to the right, which is noteworthy. Among probationes pennae and Tironian signs on fol. 9 occur the names 'Teutonis' (?), 'Fulradus'; on fol. 138: 'Ricber(tus)'. Probationes pennae in elongated charter-script on foll. 1, 63v, 150v, 151; an incantation and a recipe saec. IX–X on fol. 150 recto and verso. Some marginal Notae Tironianae (fol. 125, etc.).",,,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1025,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1025,"Script is a distinct type of early minuscule: it is characterized by a high uncial E when in ligature and the fairly constant use of uncial N; sickle-shaped suprascript u occurs (fol. 23v); y is mostly short and dotted and both branches curve to the right, which is noteworthy. Among probationes pennae and Tironian signs on fol. 9 occur the names 'Teutonis' (?), 'Fulradus'; on fol. 138: 'Ricber(tus)'. Probationes pennae in elongated charter-script on foll. 1, 63v, 150v, 151; an incantation and a recipe saec. IX–X on fol. 150 recto and verso. Some marginal Notae Tironianae (fol. 125, etc.).
","Written in France, probably in the North, in the centre that produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA 5.638). On fol. 1 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis'. Came in the seventeenth century to St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '806, olim 261'. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution, along with the entire St Germain collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1025.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1025.jpg 1027,704,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule and Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,648,"Written in North France: on fol. 2 of the main manuscript are the usual Corbie and St Germain des Prés ex-libris. It bore the number 541, then 1170, in the St Germain catalogues.",,,,"Bonifatius, Aenigmata (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66816",,"foll. Av and 118v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066955w,"Written by three hands: the main part in Continental minuscule, the top nine lines of fol. 118v in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule, and the bottom four lines in a larger Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the Continental minuscule which obviously is influenced by Insular script strongly recalls the eN-type: open **a** is frequent; uncial **N** occurs; **o** often has a tiny upper stem; both branches of **y** incline to the right, an Insular feature; numerous ligatures, chiefly of **e** and **r**. Probationes pennae by a later hand. ",,,3,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1027,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1027,"Written by three hands: the main part in Continental minuscule, the top nine lines of fol. 118v in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule, and the bottom four lines in a larger Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the Continental minuscule which obviously is influenced by Insular script strongly recalls the eN-type: open a is frequent; uncial N occurs; o often has a tiny upper stem; both branches of y incline to the right, an Insular feature; numerous ligatures, chiefly of e and r. Probationes pennae by a later hand.
","Written in North France: on fol. 2 of the main manuscript are the usual Corbie and St Germain des Prés ex-libris. It bore the number 541, then 1170, in the St Germain catalogues.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1027.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1027.jpg 1029,705,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Uncial",VIII²,751,800,5,649,"Written probably in Northern France. Provenance Corbie: the manuscript can be identified with an item in a thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. On fol. 2 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'ex libris Corbeie Monasterii'. Later at St. Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '841, olim 675' (fol. 2). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.",,,,"Tertullianus, Adversus Iudaeos, Sedulius, Carmen Paschale; ps- Cyprianus, De aleatoribus; Cyprianus, De habitu virginum, De Verbi incarnatione; Augustinus, Epistolae; Justus Urgellensis, Explicatio mystica in Cantica canticorum; Sedulius, Hymni.",Parchment,,,"TM 66817",,"foll. 115 and 161",,,"Script of the main portion is a regular roundish early minuscule by several scribes with a number of cursive elements; **a** and **N** have two forms. Foll. 105–115r, lines 1–12, are in graceful, natural uncial, contemporary with the minuscule that follows and precedes; on fol. 106 occurs the ancient form **ꝹŌM** (uncial **M**) for dominum. The first three lines are in red; the title is in smaller black uncial. Three lines of uncial standing by themselves on fol. 104v are ornamentally framed as in older manuscripts. Fol. 163 is palimpsest: the erased script, hardly legible, seems a part of a document in cursive saec. VIII. Marginal notes in Anglo-Saxon script saec. IX on fol. 161 recto and verso. Notae Tironianae passim.","☛G.E. Kreuz, Scriptorium 67 (2014) 12–15. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 3 no. 4868a.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1029,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1029,"Script of the main portion is a regular roundish early minuscule by several scribes with a number of cursive elements; a and N have two forms. Foll. 105–115r, lines 1–12, are in graceful, natural uncial, contemporary with the minuscule that follows and precedes; on fol. 106 occurs the ancient form ꝹŌM (uncial M) for dominum. The first three lines are in red; the title is in smaller black uncial. Three lines of uncial standing by themselves on fol. 104v are ornamentally framed as in older manuscripts. Fol. 163 is palimpsest: the erased script, hardly legible, seems a part of a document in cursive saec. VIII. Marginal notes in Anglo-Saxon script saec. IX on fol. 161 recto and verso. Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written probably in Northern France. Provenance Corbie: the manuscript can be identified with an item in a thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue. On fol. 2 stands the seventeenth-century entry: 'ex libris Corbeie Monasterii'. Later at St. Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '841, olim 675' (fol. 2). Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The Carolingian binding is noteworthy.
","☛G.E. Kreuz, Scriptorium 67 (2014) 12–15. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 3 no. 4868a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1029.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1029.jpg 1030,706,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,5,650,"Written probably at Corbie, possibly at St Riquier. Was certainly at Corbie by the thirteenth century, for an ex-libris of that time is seen on fol. A: 'Liber Sancti petri corbeie'. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it was numbered '884, olim 665' (see fol. 1). Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg part was acquired by Pierre Dubrowski during the Revolution.",,,,"Proba, Cento; Venantius Fortunatus, Carmina.",Parchment,,,"TM 66818",,"fol. 41v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066696s,"Script is a fully developed example of the peculiar calligraphic minuscule known as a-b and described under [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914). An added line in late Maurdramnus type is seen on fol. 58v at the end of text. MS Lat. 7701 (CLA [5.570](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/932)) is a sister MS with the same dimensions and number of lines to a page.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1030,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1030,"Script is a fully developed example of the peculiar calligraphic minuscule known as a-b and described under 5.554. An added line in late Maurdramnus type is seen on fol. 58v at the end of text. MS Lat. 7701 (CLA 5.570) is a sister MS with the same dimensions and number of lines to a page.
","Written probably at Corbie, possibly at St Riquier. Was certainly at Corbie by the thirteenth century, for an ex-libris of that time is seen on fol. A: 'Liber Sancti petri corbeie'. Came to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century where it was numbered '884, olim 665' (see fol. 1). Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg part was acquired by Pierre Dubrowski during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1030.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1030.jpg 1031,707,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,651,"Written probably in England. An old press-mark: D9 is on fol. 67. The miscellany was bound as it now stands at St Germain des Prés in the eighteenth century and bore the press-mark Lat. 591.3.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (3.10–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 66819",,"fol. 73v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066142h,"Script is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **d** is more frequent than **ꝺ**, the latter with an upturned serif; **Ᵹ** is flat-topped; **r** resembles n; the oblique of **z** plunges below the line; final **m** often lies on its side; in final **e** the tongue is often 7-shaped; **e** in ligature is apt to be tall. Marginalia in small Insular minuscule passim. The MS seems copied column by column, as suggested by spreading or crowding at end of columns.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1031,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1031,"Script is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: d is more frequent than ꝺ, the latter with an upturned serif; Ᵹ is flat-topped; r resembles n; the oblique of z plunges below the line; final m often lies on its side; in final e the tongue is often 7-shaped; e in ligature is apt to be tall. Marginalia in small Insular minuscule passim. The MS seems copied column by column, as suggested by spreading or crowding at end of columns.
","Written probably in England. An old press-mark: D9 is on fol. 67. The miscellany was bound as it now stands at St Germain des Prés in the eighteenth century and bore the press-mark Lat. 591.3.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1031.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1031.jpg 1032,708,Uncial,"VIII ex",795,800,5,652,"Written in a centre with Insular connections situated somewhere on the Rhine or in Belgium or East France, to judge by the local saints mentioned in the litanies: they include Saints Gereon of Cologne, Aldegonde of Maubeuge, Gertrude, Abbess of Nivelles near Namur, Lambert, Bishop of Utrecht, and Bavo, Bishop of Gand. Belonged to Achille de Harlay (†1712) and came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the nineteenth century.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus. Psalterium Gallicanum; Orationes.",Parchment,,,"TM 66820",,"foll. 13 and 13v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84267835,"Script is a small, rapid but neatly formed uncial of **a** late type; the form of **N** is noteworthy. Corrections in Caroline minuscule occur (foll. 4v, 25v). The prayers after the litanies with the mention of Pope Leo (foll. 163, 165, l66v) and of Charlemagne as king and not yet as emperor (foll. 163, l63v, 165, l66v) help to fix the date of the manuscript.","☛F. Masai, 'Observations sur le Psautier dit de Charlemagne (Paris, BNF, lat. 13159)' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 299–303](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_2_2445). ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1032,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1032,"Script is a small, rapid but neatly formed uncial of a late type; the form of N is noteworthy. Corrections in Caroline minuscule occur (foll. 4v, 25v). The prayers after the litanies with the mention of Pope Leo (foll. 163, 165, l66v) and of Charlemagne as king and not yet as emperor (foll. 163, l63v, 165, l66v) help to fix the date of the manuscript.
","Written in a centre with Insular connections situated somewhere on the Rhine or in Belgium or East France, to judge by the local saints mentioned in the litanies: they include Saints Gereon of Cologne, Aldegonde of Maubeuge, Gertrude, Abbess of Nivelles near Namur, Lambert, Bishop of Utrecht, and Bavo, Bishop of Gand. Belonged to Achille de Harlay (†1712) and came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the nineteenth century.
","☛F. Masai, 'Observations sur le Psautier dit de Charlemagne (Paris, BNF, lat. 13159)' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 299–303.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1032.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1032.jpg 1033,709,"Mixed Uncial and Minuscule",VIII,701,800,5,653,"Origin uncertain, probably South-eastern France, since most of the peculiar features in the manuscript point to France rather than to Italy or Spain. The added mass 'pro principe' mentions S Sigismund, but Forbes's designation 'Missale Vesontionensis' is misleading. There is nothing to connect it with Besançon nor with Bobbio either, except the fact that Mabillon found it there in 1686. The monks of Bobbio first lent the missal and then presented it to the abbey of St Germain des Prés, where it received the number 1488. It reached its present abode along with other manuscripts from St Germain des Prés during the Revolution.",2,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum; Ioca Monachorum; etc.",Parchment,"Missale Bobiense.",,"TM 66821",,"foll. 130v-131 and 293v",,,"Script is a mixed type, probably all by one hand (except the inserted mass on foll. 251–253 in pure but gauche uncial): **F**, **G**, **N**, **R** are always in uncial form; and **a**, **b**, **d**, **l**, **s** are now in uncial, now in half uncial or minuscule; **c**, **e**, **m**, and **t** (**c** and **e** often with broken back) are regularly minuscule; noteworthy is the form of **N** with the third comma-like stroke often meeting the oblique second stroke well above the base-line, as in several North Italian manuscripts; **z** normally projects above the head-line; in juxtaposed **cl** the **c** is sometimes dropped below the line and the **l** is raised above it. The mixed script of the added matter on foll. 1–8, 253v–254, 291v–295, all by one rude, untrained hand, is sui generis and needs no description. The same hand added the names Bertulfus, Elderatus, Munubertus, Dacolena, Bonolo, Aquilina in the lower margin of foll. 197v, 208v, 213v, 268v, 271v, 284 respectively. The scribe apparently followed his exemplar page for page. Some additions and corrections in eighth-century minuscule.","☛Gamber, CLLA 220. ☛E. A. Lowe, Palaeographical papers I (1972), p. 142–181. ☛Y. Hen and R. Meens, *The Bobbio Missal: Liturgy and religious culture in Merovingian Gaul*, Cambridge 2004.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1033,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1033,"Script is a mixed type, probably all by one hand (except the inserted mass on foll. 251–253 in pure but gauche uncial): F, G, N, R are always in uncial form; and a, b, d, l, s are now in uncial, now in half uncial or minuscule; c, e, m, and t (c and e often with broken back) are regularly minuscule; noteworthy is the form of N with the third comma-like stroke often meeting the oblique second stroke well above the base-line, as in several North Italian manuscripts; z normally projects above the head-line; in juxtaposed cl the c is sometimes dropped below the line and the l is raised above it. The mixed script of the added matter on foll. 1–8, 253v–254, 291v–295, all by one rude, untrained hand, is sui generis and needs no description. The same hand added the names Bertulfus, Elderatus, Munubertus, Dacolena, Bonolo, Aquilina in the lower margin of foll. 197v, 208v, 213v, 268v, 271v, 284 respectively. The scribe apparently followed his exemplar page for page. Some additions and corrections in eighth-century minuscule.
","Origin uncertain, probably South-eastern France, since most of the peculiar features in the manuscript point to France rather than to Italy or Spain. The added mass 'pro principe' mentions S Sigismund, but Forbes's designation 'Missale Vesontionensis' is misleading. There is nothing to connect it with Besançon nor with Bobbio either, except the fact that Mabillon found it there in 1686. The monks of Bobbio first lent the missal and then presented it to the abbey of St Germain des Prés, where it received the number 1488. It reached its present abode along with other manuscripts from St Germain des Prés during the Revolution.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 220. ☛E. A. Lowe, Palaeographical papers I (1972), p. 142–181. ☛Y. Hen and R. Meens, The Bobbio Missal: Liturgy and religious culture in Merovingian Gaul, Cambridge 2004.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1033.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1033.jpg 1035,710,"Small Half-Uncial or Quarter-Uncial",V,401,500,5,654,"Written doubtless in Italy, and probably in some great centre in the North. For the later history see the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1033).",,,,"Ambrosius, In Lucam (7, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66822",,"foll. 296v, 297v, and 300",,,"Script is an expert, small half-uncial or quarter-uncial of a North Italian type recalling the Milan scraps of S Augustine's De Civitate Dei (CLA [**325](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/606)) and the Orléans and Paris leaves of S Augustine referred to below under [Paris Lat. 13368](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1229): **a** is now open now closed; **c** often rises well above the line; the bows of **b**, **d**, and **p** are open; **i**-longa occurs initially and after **r** and **t**, an ancient feature; minuscule **n** is used as well as majuscule; **e**, **g**, and **t** are often in ligature with the following letter; there are two forms of **ti**, one going well below the line.","☛A. Wilmart, Le palimpseste du Missel de Bobbio, Rev. Ben. 33 (1921), p. 1–18. ☛E. A. Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), p. 151–154.",,,,17,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1035,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1035,"Script is an expert, small half-uncial or quarter-uncial of a North Italian type recalling the Milan scraps of S Augustine's De Civitate Dei (CLA **325) and the Orléans and Paris leaves of S Augustine referred to below under Paris Lat. 13368: a is now open now closed; c often rises well above the line; the bows of b, d, and p are open; i-longa occurs initially and after r and t, an ancient feature; minuscule n is used as well as majuscule; e, g, and t are often in ligature with the following letter; there are two forms of ti, one going well below the line.
","Written doubtless in Italy, and probably in some great centre in the North. For the later history see the preceding item.
","☛A. Wilmart, Le palimpseste du Missel de Bobbio, Rev. Ben. 33 (1921), p. 1–18. ☛E. A. Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 (1972), p. 151–154.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1035.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1035.jpg 1036,711,"eN-type Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,5,655,"Written in a French centre in the North. Corbie provenance probable. Later at St Germain des Prés where it had the number 1315. Curiously enough, the same content, but not a direct copy, is found in MS Lat. 13348, described in the [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1037).",,,,"Hieronymus, Quaestiones in Genesim, De Situ et Nominibus Locorum Hebraicorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66823",,"Image from the opening, foll. 44v-45",,,"Script is a rapid and expert pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type described previously (CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)): on fol. 23v at the end of a line, **b** with the horizontal tag, as in the a-b script, occurs before the ligature **at**. The peculiar ligature of the numeral ui occurs on fol. 9.","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 42; 131.",,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1036,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1036,"Script is a rapid and expert pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type described previously (CLA 5.638): on fol. 23v at the end of a line, b with the horizontal tag, as in the a-b script, occurs before the ligature at. The peculiar ligature of the numeral ui occurs on fol. 9.
","Written in a French centre in the North. Corbie provenance probable. Later at St Germain des Prés where it had the number 1315. Curiously enough, the same content, but not a direct copy, is found in MS Lat. 13348, described in the next item.
","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 42; 131.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1036.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1036.jpg 1037,712,"eN-type Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,5,656,"Written in France, and probably in the centre which produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)). It is a curious coincidence that this manuscript contains the same text as Lat. 13347 of the same school, only in an abridged version (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1036)). Provenance Corbie: the seventeenth-century ex-libris 'S. Petri Corbeiensis' stands on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was ‘No. 1309, olim 281' (fol. 1), saec. XVIII.",,,,"Hieronymus, Quaestiones in Genesim, De Situ et Nominibus Locorum Hebraicorum; Eucherius; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66824",,"foll. 69v and 110v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9068371j,"Script is a rapid and expert pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, showing half uncial and some cursive elements (see CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)); **a** resembles u; **y** is v-shaped and dotted. The scribe drops into cursive in the last sentence on fol. 110v. Neumes and probationes pennae on fol. 111v.",,,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1037,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1037,"Script is a rapid and expert pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, showing half uncial and some cursive elements (see CLA 5.638); a resembles u; y is v-shaped and dotted. The scribe drops into cursive in the last sentence on fol. 110v. Neumes and probationes pennae on fol. 111v.
","Written in France, and probably in the centre which produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA 5.638). It is a curious coincidence that this manuscript contains the same text as Lat. 13347 of the same school, only in an abridged version (see preceding item). Provenance Corbie: the seventeenth-century ex-libris 'S. Petri Corbeiensis' stands on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was ‘No. 1309, olim 281' (fol. 1), saec. XVIII.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1037.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1037.jpg 1038,713,"eN-type Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,5,657,"Written in France, probably in the North in the same scriptorium that produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)). Provenance Corbie: the manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue; the seventeenth-century entry 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis' is seen on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '1274, olim 137' (fol. 1), saec. XVIII. The manuscript has a Carolingian binding.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Ecclesiasten.",Parchment,,,"TM 66825",,"fol. 1v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066998n,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, recalling half-uncial and retaining some cursive elements, described under Lat. 12239 (CLA [5.638](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1015)): **ꞇ** is often looped; the **nt** ligature occurs even in mid-word; **te** and **tu** are mostly in ligature.",,,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1038,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1038,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, recalling half-uncial and retaining some cursive elements, described under Lat. 12239 (CLA 5.638): ꞇ is often looped; the nt ligature occurs even in mid-word; te and tu are mostly in ligature.
","Written in France, probably in the North in the same scriptorium that produced MS Lat. 12239 (CLA 5.638). Provenance Corbie: the manuscript can be identified with an item in the thirteenth-century Corbie catalogue; the seventeenth-century entry 'Ex libris S. Petri Corbeiensis' is seen on fol. 1. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it was numbered '1274, olim 137' (fol. 1), saec. XVIII. The manuscript has a Carolingian binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1038.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1038.jpg 1040,714,Half-Uncial,"VI et VII",501,700,5,658,"Origin uncertain. The main sixth-century portion seems Italian; the later half-uncial and the ancient cursive marginalia seem French. Brought to the North in the eighth century at the latest, to judge by the marginalia and probationes pennae in several types peculiar to Northern and Eastern France. Provenance Corbie: the seventeenth-century entry 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis' stands on fol. 1. Brought to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, as appears from the entry 'Sci Germani a Pratis N. 762, olim 223' on fol. 1.",0,,,"Augustinus, Opuscula: De Opere Monachorum, De Fide Et Operibus (39v), Contra Donatistas (78), De Bono Virginitatis (126), De Bono Conjugali (166v), De Bono Viduitatis (195v), Sermones De Symbolo (219v). De Oratione Dominica (224v); Iosephus, De Bello Iudaico (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 66826",,"foll. 235v and 240v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066709z,"Script is an expert half-uncial of the old type: the hasta of **f** occasionally cuts the stem and curves downward to the left; **g** has both the half-uncial and uncial form; **i**-longa occurs initially and semi-vocally; **i** is small after **l** and nestles in its lower curve; the shoulder of **r** is very low; **ꞅ** usually touches the top of a following **t**; **y** is undotted and goes below the line. Marginalia (mostly sentiments of approbation) in contemporary mixed sloping uncial passim (e.g. foll. 76, 76v). A somewhat later hand saec. VIII in. entered marginalia in a characteristic sloping cursive, set off by an s-like flourish above and below the entry, as found in the margin of several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA [5.619](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995)). Other marginalia in ninth-century Caroline are seen on foll. 25, 28v. The articles of the Creed are marked by Greek letters (foll. 220 ff.). Some Merovingian probationes pennae with the letter a recalling the Laon a-z type seen on foll. 131v, 139. Beginning with the lower half of fol. 235v and going to fol. 240v, a seventh-century hand has written an extract from Iosephus' De Bello ludaico, opening with the words 'de historia iosippi ubi agrippa rex', in not very expert half-uncial. The glosses in elegant semi-cursive described above continue in the margins, and the hand of these glosses, or a very similar one, corrected the last words and added the colophon on fol. 240v. Other marginalia are in Merovingian cursive minuscule (foll. 240v, 241, 241v).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1040,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1040,"Script is an expert half-uncial of the old type: the hasta of f occasionally cuts the stem and curves downward to the left; g has both the half-uncial and uncial form; i-longa occurs initially and semi-vocally; i is small after l and nestles in its lower curve; the shoulder of r is very low; ꞅ usually touches the top of a following t; y is undotted and goes below the line. Marginalia (mostly sentiments of approbation) in contemporary mixed sloping uncial passim (e.g. foll. 76, 76v). A somewhat later hand saec. VIII in. entered marginalia in a characteristic sloping cursive, set off by an s-like flourish above and below the entry, as found in the margin of several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA 5.619). Other marginalia in ninth-century Caroline are seen on foll. 25, 28v. The articles of the Creed are marked by Greek letters (foll. 220 ff.). Some Merovingian probationes pennae with the letter a recalling the Laon a-z type seen on foll. 131v, 139. Beginning with the lower half of fol. 235v and going to fol. 240v, a seventh-century hand has written an extract from Iosephus' De Bello ludaico, opening with the words 'de historia iosippi ubi agrippa rex', in not very expert half-uncial. The glosses in elegant semi-cursive described above continue in the margins, and the hand of these glosses, or a very similar one, corrected the last words and added the colophon on fol. 240v. Other marginalia are in Merovingian cursive minuscule (foll. 240v, 241, 241v).
","Origin uncertain. The main sixth-century portion seems Italian; the later half-uncial and the ancient cursive marginalia seem French. Brought to the North in the eighth century at the latest, to judge by the marginalia and probationes pennae in several types peculiar to Northern and Eastern France. Provenance Corbie: the seventeenth-century entry 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis' stands on fol. 1. Brought to St Germain des Prés in the seventeenth century, as appears from the entry 'Sci Germani a Pratis N. 762, olim 223' on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1040.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1040.jpg 1041,715,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,659,"Written presumably in France. The leaves that happened to be left blank were later used for completing the Iosephus extracts described in the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1040).",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (7.8–11).",Parchment,,,"TM 66827",,"fol. 241v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066709z,"Script is a fairly expert and easy flowing uncial: the foot of **L** is small and rounded. Probationes pennae on fol. 241v point to Corbie: one word is in Maurdramnus minuscule and two in a type recalling a-b script.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1041,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1041,"Script is a fairly expert and easy flowing uncial: the foot of L is small and rounded. Probationes pennae on fol. 241v point to Corbie: one word is in Maurdramnus minuscule and two in a type recalling a-b script.
","Written presumably in France. The leaves that happened to be left blank were later used for completing the Iosephus extracts described in the preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1041.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1041.jpg 1042,716,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,660,"Written in Northern France, probably copied from an Anglo-Saxon exemplar. Provenance Corbie: a seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1. Reached St Germain des Prés in 1638, where it bore the number '1314, olim 634'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Vincentius Lirinensis, Adversus Haereticos; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66828",,"foll. 36 and 98",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066706q,"Script is a well-formed roundish early Caroline minuscule retaining some cursive elements: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; suprascript **a** combined with the next letter occurs; capital **H** with a gable-shaped middle-stroke occurs in colophons (fol. 42v)—a Corbie feature; uncial **N** is rather frequent; the lower left leg of **x** has a tag to the right; **y** occasionally has a dot both above and below the right branch; the **ti** ligature is frequent. Notae Tironianae 'hic' and 'usque' occur.","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1042,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1042,"Script is a well-formed roundish early Caroline minuscule retaining some cursive elements: open a is more frequent than a; suprascript a combined with the next letter occurs; capital H with a gable-shaped middle-stroke occurs in colophons (fol. 42v)—a Corbie feature; uncial N is rather frequent; the lower left leg of x has a tag to the right; y occasionally has a dot both above and below the right branch; the ti ligature is frequent. Notae Tironianae 'hic' and 'usque' occur.
","Written in Northern France, probably copied from an Anglo-Saxon exemplar. Provenance Corbie: a seventeenth-century Corbie ex-libris is seen on fol. 1. Reached St Germain des Prés in 1638, where it bore the number '1314, olim 634'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
","☛CLA script (Early Caroline Minuscule) changed to follow CLA 6 p. XI.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1042.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1042.jpg 1043,717,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,661,"Written presumably in the Netherlands or North-east France in the same centre that produced the later parts of MS Lat. 12598 (CLA [5.644b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1021)). Was at Corbie in the seventeenth century, and probably much earlier. From there, the manuscript came to St Germain des Prés, where it was catalogued '863, olim 265'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Isidorus, Contra Iudaeos, Synonyma (excerpta), Differentiae (2.2–3, 8); Ps-Ildefonse, Sermones (13, 151, 157, 198); Caesarius Arelatensis, Opus Incertum; Ps-Augustinus, Homiliae (De Transfiguratione Domini); Ambrosius Autpertus, Opus Incertum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66829",,"fol. 52v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426784k,"Script of the main hand is a well-formed sloping early Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: **a** has two forms; **ꝺ** and **N** occasionally majuscule; **z** goes below the line; ligatures are rather numerous; **ti** ligature occurs for the hard sound of ti; another more upright hand wrote the lower half of fol. 94.","☛Perhaps copied at Corbie, where it was in the seventeenth century. ☛Author portrait fol. 1v: Soror mea Florentina accipe codicem quem tibi composui feliciter amen. ☛Elfassi, Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi Synonyma (CCSL 111B) p. LIV-LV (codex r).",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1043,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1043,"Script of the main hand is a well-formed sloping early Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: a has two forms; ꝺ and N occasionally majuscule; z goes below the line; ligatures are rather numerous; ti ligature occurs for the hard sound of ti; another more upright hand wrote the lower half of fol. 94.
","Written presumably in the Netherlands or North-east France in the same centre that produced the later parts of MS Lat. 12598 (CLA 5.644b). Was at Corbie in the seventeenth century, and probably much earlier. From there, the manuscript came to St Germain des Prés, where it was catalogued '863, olim 265'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
","☛Perhaps copied at Corbie, where it was in the seventeenth century. ☛Author portrait fol. 1v: Soror mea Florentina accipe codicem quem tibi composui feliciter amen. ☛Elfassi, Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi Synonyma (CCSL 111B) p. LIV-LV (codex r).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1043.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1043.jpg 1044,718,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,662,"Written at Corbie or vicinity. Provenance Corbie: on the verso of the fourth front fly-leaf is seen the entry saec. XVII 'Ex-libris S. Petri Corbeiensis’. Later at St Germain des Prés: on the first fly-leaf is seen the entry saec. XVIII, 'Sti Germani a pratis N. 1540, olim 116'.",,,,"Excerpta ex Patribus; Epistula S Columbani.",Parchment,,,"TM 66830",,"Image shows the opening, foll. 141v-142",,,"Script is a graceful and easy specimen of the distinct type known as Corbie a-b and described under CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914): **y** is dotted and descends below the line; suprascript **a** is frequent before **ꞇ**; the uncial form of initial **G** on fol. 109v with the tail inclined to the left is noteworthy-it is a feature of manuscripts from the North of France. The size of the book suggests that it was used for private devotion.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1044,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1044,"Script is a graceful and easy specimen of the distinct type known as Corbie a-b and described under CLA 5.554: y is dotted and descends below the line; suprascript a is frequent before ꞇ; the uncial form of initial G on fol. 109v with the tail inclined to the left is noteworthy-it is a feature of manuscripts from the North of France. The size of the book suggests that it was used for private devotion.
","Written at Corbie or vicinity. Provenance Corbie: on the verso of the fourth front fly-leaf is seen the entry saec. XVII 'Ex-libris S. Petri Corbeiensis’. Later at St Germain des Prés: on the first fly-leaf is seen the entry saec. XVIII, 'Sti Germani a pratis N. 1540, olim 116'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1044.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1044.jpg 1046,719,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,663,"Written presumably in North or North-east France, to judge by the script. Belonged to the monastery St Pierre des Fossés (later St Maur des Fossés), at least as early as the twelfth century: the eighteenth-century entry 'S. Mauri Fossat. 88 bis' stands on fol. 1, and a twelfth-century entry is seen on fol. 189v. Later at St Germain des Prés. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Vitae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66831",,"fol. 21v (entire page)",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066996t,"Script is of two kinds—(1) pre-Caroline type with a-b influence is seen on foll. 1–28: two forms of **a**; **b** mostly has the tag to the right; the shafts of **b** and **l** often bend at the base-line; the right arc of **o** rises above the left arc; sickle-shaped **u** occurs both on the line and suprascript; **y** is short and dotted; ligatures are numerous, **ti** being used for hard and soft ti; the capital **Q** has the typical Luxeuil form; (2) foll. 28v to the end of the MS are in Caroline minuscule: **a** is the rule; ascenders are long; cursive ligatures are avoided. There is some resemblance to CLA [2.202a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/519).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1046,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1046,"Script is of two kinds—(1) pre-Caroline type with a-b influence is seen on foll. 1–28: two forms of a; b mostly has the tag to the right; the shafts of b and l often bend at the base-line; the right arc of o rises above the left arc; sickle-shaped u occurs both on the line and suprascript; y is short and dotted; ligatures are numerous, ti being used for hard and soft ti; the capital Q has the typical Luxeuil form; (2) foll. 28v to the end of the MS are in Caroline minuscule: a is the rule; ascenders are long; cursive ligatures are avoided. There is some resemblance to CLA 2.202a.
","Written presumably in North or North-east France, to judge by the script. Belonged to the monastery St Pierre des Fossés (later St Maur des Fossés), at least as early as the twelfth century: the eighteenth-century entry 'S. Mauri Fossat. 88 bis' stands on fol. 1, and a twelfth-century entry is seen on fol. 189v. Later at St Germain des Prés. Came into the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1046.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1046.jpg 1049,720,"Uncial, Half-Uncial, and Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,664,"Written in France, the precise centre still to be determined, but evidence furnished by the saints in the Martyrology points to the small monastery of Moutiers-Saint Jean at Langres. Provenance Corbie: the manuscript is mentioned in the second Corbie catalogue saec. XII (MS Phillipps 1865, now Berlin 195) under the title 'Martyrologium. Vitae Patrum'. The same title is seen on fol. 6 of the present manuscript. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '1311, olim 264'.",,,,"Martyrologium Luxoviense; Isidorus, Synonyma; Excerpta Patrum: Ps- Johannes Chrysostomus, De Eleemosyna; Ps- Augustinus, Sermones (252); Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae (De evangeliis); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (16, 56, 187, 199). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66832",,"foll. 4v (entire page), 51, and 117",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105110031,"Script is chiefly half-uncial: **F**, **G**, and **N** have the uncial form. The calendar (foll. 1–5) is in uncial here and there mixed with half-uncial, or dropping into half-uncial altogether: the dotted **y** with both branches curving to the right occurs. Foll. 49–50 and 107v–118 are by different Merovingian cursive hands: closed **a** is the rule, suprascript **a** also occurs; **b** occasionally has a tag to the right; the bow of **d** as well as **q** is often open; **l** occasionally sweeps below the line; the bows of **o** intersect above the line and sometimes have a tag to the right; in the **ri** ligature, **i** sweeps to the right; numerous ligatures with **ꞇ**; **ti** ligature used for both hard and soft sounds. A less cursive hand, writing over erased Merovingian, is seen on foll. 111v, 112, 113v–114. The first line of fol. 6 and the initial were erased and rewritten by a Maurdramnus hand saec. VIII–IX (cf. CLA [5.613](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/987)).","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 30 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1049,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1049,"Script is chiefly half-uncial: F, G, and N have the uncial form. The calendar (foll. 1–5) is in uncial here and there mixed with half-uncial, or dropping into half-uncial altogether: the dotted y with both branches curving to the right occurs. Foll. 49–50 and 107v–118 are by different Merovingian cursive hands: closed a is the rule, suprascript a also occurs; b occasionally has a tag to the right; the bow of d as well as q is often open; l occasionally sweeps below the line; the bows of o intersect above the line and sometimes have a tag to the right; in the ri ligature, i sweeps to the right; numerous ligatures with ꞇ; ti ligature used for both hard and soft sounds. A less cursive hand, writing over erased Merovingian, is seen on foll. 111v, 112, 113v–114. The first line of fol. 6 and the initial were erased and rewritten by a Maurdramnus hand saec. VIII–IX (cf. CLA 5.613).
","Written in France, the precise centre still to be determined, but evidence furnished by the saints in the Martyrology points to the small monastery of Moutiers-Saint Jean at Langres. Provenance Corbie: the manuscript is mentioned in the second Corbie catalogue saec. XII (MS Phillipps 1865, now Berlin 195) under the title 'Martyrologium. Vitae Patrum'. The same title is seen on fol. 6 of the present manuscript. Later at St Germain des Prés, where it bore the number '1311, olim 264'.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 30 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1049.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1049.jpg 1050,721,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,665,"Written doubtless at St Denis, to judge by close resemblance to MS Lat. 17371 (CLA [5.668](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053)), written by order of Fardulfus, abbot of St Denis (793–806). A later specimen of this type is MS Lat. 13025. Belonged to Cardinal Richelieu, whose arms are on both bindings. Later in the Library of the Sorbonne. Shelf-marks seen in Lat. 15304 are '18', '325', and '2786'; in Lat. 15305: '19', '326’, and '2786'.",,,,"Cassiodorus, In Psalmos (1–50, 54–99).",Parchment,,,"TM 66833",,"Image from MS. Lat. 15305, fol. 36v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10720821h,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule of the same type and perhaps even the same hand as seen in MS Lat. 17371 (CLA [5.668](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053)), written for Abbot Fardulfus of St Denis: **a** is the rule; the uncial form of **ꝺ** occurs. A curious monogram is seen on fol. 5v of Lat. 15304; a Nota Tironiana on fol. 95 of Lat. 15304; a probatio pennae: 'O beate di(onisi)' entered on fol. 29 of Lat. 15305 by a tenth-century hand.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1050,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1050,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule of the same type and perhaps even the same hand as seen in MS Lat. 17371 (CLA 5.668), written for Abbot Fardulfus of St Denis: a is the rule; the uncial form of ꝺ occurs. A curious monogram is seen on fol. 5v of Lat. 15304; a Nota Tironiana on fol. 95 of Lat. 15304; a probatio pennae: 'O beate di(onisi)' entered on fol. 29 of Lat. 15305 by a tenth-century hand.
","Written doubtless at St Denis, to judge by close resemblance to MS Lat. 17371 (CLA 5.668), written by order of Fardulfus, abbot of St Denis (793–806). A later specimen of this type is MS Lat. 13025. Belonged to Cardinal Richelieu, whose arms are on both bindings. Later in the Library of the Sorbonne. Shelf-marks seen in Lat. 15304 are '18', '325', and '2786'; in Lat. 15305: '19', '326’, and '2786'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1050.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1050.jpg 1051,723,Uncial,V,401,500,5,666,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by script, spelling, format, parchment, ink, half-uncial corrections, early marginalia. Provenance Corbie: on fol. 1 a nineteenth-century hand entered 'Corbie 7'· The manuscript may have migrated to Notre Dame, since the hand which wrote 'Corbie 7' is found in books from Notre Dame (see MS Lat. 17226, [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1052)); it entered the Royal Library in 1756.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc).",Parchment,"Codex Corbeiensis secundus. (ff²)",,"TM 66834",,"fol. 151v and fol. 109 (marginal note)",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9065916g,"Script is an elegant expert uncial of the oldest type—the performance of a master scribe: the bow of uncial **A** is pinched and ends in a hair line; the upper bows of **B**, **P**, and **R** are small; uncial **M** is broad, **P** and **R** narrow; the eye of uncial **E** is small and almost closed; **T** has a tiny cross-bar. Some interlinear corrections in a tiny half-uncial or quarter-uncial expert contemporary hand recall the [St Gall Gospels (Σ)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1450) (foll. 31v, 88bis, 121v, 124, 131, l34v). Marginalia referring to Sunday lessons in seventh-century cursive minuscule with striking abbreviation of 'bus' are seen on foll. 6v, 108, 109, 156.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1051,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1051,"Script is an elegant expert uncial of the oldest type—the performance of a master scribe: the bow of uncial A is pinched and ends in a hair line; the upper bows of B, P, and R are small; uncial M is broad, P and R narrow; the eye of uncial E is small and almost closed; T has a tiny cross-bar. Some interlinear corrections in a tiny half-uncial or quarter-uncial expert contemporary hand recall the St Gall Gospels (Σ) (foll. 31v, 88bis, 121v, 124, 131, l34v). Marginalia referring to Sunday lessons in seventh-century cursive minuscule with striking abbreviation of 'bus' are seen on foll. 6v, 108, 109, 156.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge by script, spelling, format, parchment, ink, half-uncial corrections, early marginalia. Provenance Corbie: on fol. 1 a nineteenth-century hand entered 'Corbie 7'· The manuscript may have migrated to Notre Dame, since the hand which wrote 'Corbie 7' is found in books from Notre Dame (see MS Lat. 17226, next item); it entered the Royal Library in 1756.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1051.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1051.jpg 1052,724,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,667,"Origin apparently Italy, to judge by the parchment, the orthography, the use of SRhL for 'israel' also found in the Harley Gospel (CLA [2.197](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/514)), and the general palaeographical aspect. The manuscript reached a North French centre in the eighth century, to judge by marginal insertions of passages omitted. Belonged to Notre Dame de Paris: on fol. 1 stands the entry in a modern hand 'Ntre Dame N° I bis (olim A. 5.)'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale with other Notre Dame manuscripts in 1756.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66835",,"fol. 4 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154765,"Script is a bold, very well formed uncial, the bows forming perfect circles as in Greek MSS: the loop of uncial **A** is constricted and ends in a hair-line; **X** is high-waisted and made in three strokes; **Y** is often dotted and the stem goes below the line; wing-shaped, suprascript **U** occurs after uncial **Q**. Lessons have been marked by a Latin cross in the margin. An added superimposed drawing in mauve ink by an expert draftsman occurs at the top of fol. 138.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1052,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1052,"Script is a bold, very well formed uncial, the bows forming perfect circles as in Greek MSS: the loop of uncial A is constricted and ends in a hair-line; X is high-waisted and made in three strokes; Y is often dotted and the stem goes below the line; wing-shaped, suprascript U occurs after uncial Q. Lessons have been marked by a Latin cross in the margin. An added superimposed drawing in mauve ink by an expert draftsman occurs at the top of fol. 138.
","Origin apparently Italy, to judge by the parchment, the orthography, the use of SRhL for 'israel' also found in the Harley Gospel (CLA 2.197), and the general palaeographical aspect. The manuscript reached a North French centre in the eighth century, to judge by marginal insertions of passages omitted. Belonged to Notre Dame de Paris: on fol. 1 stands the entry in a modern hand 'Ntre Dame N° I bis (olim A. 5.)'. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale with other Notre Dame manuscripts in 1756.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1052.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1052.jpg 1053,725,Minuscule,VIII–IX,793,806,5,668,"Origin St Denis: the manuscript was written 'ad opus inclyti martyris Dyonisii' by order of Fardulfus, abbot of St Denis (793–806), as is seen from verses in the colophon. The thirteenth-century St Denis ex-libris and the press-marks in well-known St Denis librarians' hands saec. XIV–XV are seen on. fol. 1. Later belonged to Antoine Loisel, then to Notre Dame, where it bore the number '34², olim B.6'. Passed into the Royal Library in the second half of the eighteenth century.",,48.9362,2.3574,"Hieronymus, In Hieremiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 66836",,"foll. 46 and 153",,,"Script is a regular Caroline minuscule which strongly recalls that of MS Paris Lat. 15304 + Lat. 15305 (CLA [5.665](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1050)): noteworthy is the f-like form of **x**; **rt** and **st** are practically the only ligatures used.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1053,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053,"Script is a regular Caroline minuscule which strongly recalls that of MS Paris Lat. 15304 + Lat. 15305 (CLA 5.665): noteworthy is the f-like form of x; rt and st are practically the only ligatures used.
","Origin St Denis: the manuscript was written 'ad opus inclyti martyris Dyonisii' by order of Fardulfus, abbot of St Denis (793–806), as is seen from verses in the colophon. The thirteenth-century St Denis ex-libris and the press-marks in well-known St Denis librarians' hands saec. XIV–XV are seen on. fol. 1. Later belonged to Antoine Loisel, then to Notre Dame, where it bore the number '34², olim B.6'. Passed into the Royal Library in the second half of the eighteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1053.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1053.jpg 1054,726,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,669,"Written presumably at Corbie. MS Lat. 17451 comes from St Corneille of Compiègne: the seventeenth century ex-libris 'S. Cornelii Compend. Congreg. S. Mauri' stands on fol. 1. The provenance of the other leaves is not known.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (44–5, 72–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66837",,"Image from MS. Lat. 17451, fol. 5v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9068268q,"Script is expert Corbie a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of this type (see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)).",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1054,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1054,"Script is expert Corbie a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of this type (see CLA 5.554).
","Written presumably at Corbie. MS Lat. 17451 comes from St Corneille of Compiègne: the seventeenth century ex-libris 'S. Cornelii Compend. Congreg. S. Mauri' stands on fol. 1. The provenance of the other leaves is not known.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1054.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1054.jpg 1055,727,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,5,670,"Written in East France, probably in the centre that produced MS Lat. 152, foll. 1–8 (CLA [5.522](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878)), and the half-uncial group described under CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900). The manuscript came from St Pierre of Beauvais: in the lower margin of fol. 53 (and on several other central bifolia) stands the thirteenth-century entry 'Sci pet beluacensis'. Belonged to Antoine Loisel of Beauvais (1536–1617); later to his grandson Claude Joly, who gave his collection in 1680 to Notre Dame de Paris where it had the press-mark 'Ne De 132.2' (see fol. 1). Donated to the Royal Library with the other manuscripts of Notre Dame in 1756.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66838",,"fol. 23v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85624088,"Script is a heavy uncial of a distinctly French type (cf. CLA [522](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878)): the bow of uncial **A** is oval; the upper bow of **B** resembles a triangle; the tail of **G** occasionally ends in a small tag to the right; **N** has a thick cross-bar; the cross-bar of **T** bends in a loop to the left; at line-ends **T** occurs suprascript after uncial **A**, **I**, **N**. Six letters in a minuscule recalling 'Luxeuil’ type occur at a crowded line-end on fol. 33. Four lines of Notae Tironianae on fol. 86v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1055,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055,"Script is a heavy uncial of a distinctly French type (cf. CLA 522): the bow of uncial A is oval; the upper bow of B resembles a triangle; the tail of G occasionally ends in a small tag to the right; N has a thick cross-bar; the cross-bar of T bends in a loop to the left; at line-ends T occurs suprascript after uncial A, I, N. Six letters in a minuscule recalling 'Luxeuil’ type occur at a crowded line-end on fol. 33. Four lines of Notae Tironianae on fol. 86v.
","Written in East France, probably in the centre that produced MS Lat. 152, foll. 1–8 (CLA 5.522), and the half-uncial group described under CLA 5.541. The manuscript came from St Pierre of Beauvais: in the lower margin of fol. 53 (and on several other central bifolia) stands the thirteenth-century entry 'Sci pet beluacensis'. Belonged to Antoine Loisel of Beauvais (1536–1617); later to his grandson Claude Joly, who gave his collection in 1680 to Notre Dame de Paris where it had the press-mark 'Ne De 132.2' (see fol. 1). Donated to the Royal Library with the other manuscripts of Notre Dame in 1756.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1055.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1055.jpg 1056,728,"Cursive Minuscule","VII ex",676,700,5,671,"Written probably in North-eastern France in a centre under 'Luxeuil' influence. The manuscript must have been at Corbie by the ninth century: on fol. 1v, in the lower margin, stands the familiar Corbie librarian's entry of the manuscript's contents. It was certainly there by the thirteenth century: on fol. 99v is the thirteenth-century ex-libris 'lib S pet corbeie'. Later belonged to Notre Dame de Paris: an eighteenth-century entry on fol. 1 reads 'Ex Bibliotheca Capituli Ecclesiae Parisiensis, J, 3, in fol. (signed) Angot, secret. capit.'. Came into the Royal collection in 1756 along with the other Notre Dame manuscripts. The old press-mark 'Ne De 132' is seen in the lower margin of fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (1–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66839",,"fol. 54 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84527667,"The uncial used for the preface (fol. 2) closely resembles [Valenciennes 495 (455)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1256), dated ante 695; uncial **A** has a bow like a falling drop; **G** a tail curling to the right; the capitula on fol. 3 are in the type of minuscule seen in the Luxeuil Lectionary (CLA [5.579](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943))—very bold and elegant; the entire volume is written in a rather small rapid type of cursive, clearly based on the everyday hand of Merovingian charters of the seventh century: uncial **A** is often suprascript and in ligature; **c** is often broken-backed; **d** descends below the line; **h** leans to the left; **l** often sweeps below the line; sickle-shaped **u** is extremely frequent; **y** is mostly short, v-shaped and dotted; the form of **ri** in ligature is noteworthy.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 31 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: opening leaves in uncial and minuscule in a volume copied in cursive minuscule. ☛E. A. Lowe, 'A note on the codex Corbeiensis of the ""Historia Francorum"" and its connection with Luxeuil' [Scriptorium 6 (1952) 284–286](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1952_num_6_2_2440).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1056,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056,"The uncial used for the preface (fol. 2) closely resembles Valenciennes 495 (455), dated ante 695; uncial A has a bow like a falling drop; G a tail curling to the right; the capitula on fol. 3 are in the type of minuscule seen in the Luxeuil Lectionary (CLA 5.579)—very bold and elegant; the entire volume is written in a rather small rapid type of cursive, clearly based on the everyday hand of Merovingian charters of the seventh century: uncial A is often suprascript and in ligature; c is often broken-backed; d descends below the line; h leans to the left; l often sweeps below the line; sickle-shaped u is extremely frequent; y is mostly short, v-shaped and dotted; the form of ri in ligature is noteworthy.
","Written probably in North-eastern France in a centre under 'Luxeuil' influence. The manuscript must have been at Corbie by the ninth century: on fol. 1v, in the lower margin, stands the familiar Corbie librarian's entry of the manuscript's contents. It was certainly there by the thirteenth century: on fol. 99v is the thirteenth-century ex-libris 'lib S pet corbeie'. Later belonged to Notre Dame de Paris: an eighteenth-century entry on fol. 1 reads 'Ex Bibliotheca Capituli Ecclesiae Parisiensis, J, 3, in fol. (signed) Angot, secret. capit.'. Came into the Royal collection in 1756 along with the other Notre Dame manuscripts. The old press-mark 'Ne De 132' is seen in the lower margin of fol. 1.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 31 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: opening leaves in uncial and minuscule in a volume copied in cursive minuscule. ☛E. A. Lowe, 'A note on the codex Corbeiensis of the "Historia Francorum" and its connection with Luxeuil' Scriptorium 6 (1952) 284–286.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1056.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1056.jpg 1057,729,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,672,"Written in Northern France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence and presumably in the Corbie region, as script and abbreviations suggest.",,,,"Bonifatius, Ars Grammatica; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66840",,"foll. 38 and 49",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90666190,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands, some showing Insular influence (e.g. fol. 82), others recalling the Maurdramnus type: **a** has the uncial form, the half-uncial, and the form like two c’s; **y** is dotted; the ligature **ot** occurs even at the beginning of words; **ri** in ligature resembles n with prolonged second stroke. Fol. 70v as only probationes pennae; added glosses, saec. X, on fol. 82v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1057,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1057,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands, some showing Insular influence (e.g. fol. 82), others recalling the Maurdramnus type: a has the uncial form, the half-uncial, and the form like two c’s; y is dotted; the ligature ot occurs even at the beginning of words; ri in ligature resembles n with prolonged second stroke. Fol. 70v as only probationes pennae; added glosses, saec. X, on fol. 82v.
","Written in Northern France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence and presumably in the Corbie region, as script and abbreviations suggest.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1057.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1057.jpg 1058,730,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,5,673,"Origin uncertain. Written obviously in the same centre as [Vienna 181](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/191), a manuscript of identical contents. A thirteenth-century entry in the margin of fol. 108 of MS Lat. 18219 which reads: 'Titulus Sancti Quintini de Monte oramus pro' suggests the presence of the manuscript at the abbey of Mont St Quentin at Noyon. Later at Notre Dame de Paris where it had the number 245bis. On fol. 1 of MS Lat. 18219 stands the ex-libris: 'Ant. Oiselius'. The books of Antoine Loisel came to Notre Dame de Paris through his grandson Claude Joly in the seventeenth century.",0,,,"Itinerarium Provinciarum Antonini Augusti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66841",,"Both halves of fol. 25v (fol. D) shown",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90810351,"Script is a late type of uncial with a characteristic uncial **A** with lozenge-shaped bow, also found in [Vienna 181](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/191); **B** has a curved vertical shaft and small upper bow (fol. 24v); **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1058,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1058,"Script is a late type of uncial with a characteristic uncial A with lozenge-shaped bow, also found in Vienna 181; B has a curved vertical shaft and small upper bow (fol. 24v); LL run together.
","Origin uncertain. Written obviously in the same centre as Vienna 181, a manuscript of identical contents. A thirteenth-century entry in the margin of fol. 108 of MS Lat. 18219 which reads: 'Titulus Sancti Quintini de Monte oramus pro' suggests the presence of the manuscript at the abbey of Mont St Quentin at Noyon. Later at Notre Dame de Paris where it had the number 245bis. On fol. 1 of MS Lat. 18219 stands the ex-libris: 'Ant. Oiselius'. The books of Antoine Loisel came to Notre Dame de Paris through his grandson Claude Joly in the seventeenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1058.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1058.jpg 1059,731,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",775,800,5,674,"Written in Cologne. Was at Notre Dame de Paris in the fourteenth century; on fol. 2 stands the fourteenth-century entry: 'de capitulo ecclesie parisiensis est liber'; at the top of fol. 1 is the modern ex-libris: 'Ntre Dame n° 93² (E.2 olim)'.",,50.9375,6.9603,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (1–5, 11 fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66842",,"foll. 31 and 222",,,"Script is a fairly graceful transition minuscule very much like that of MS Lat. 1564 (CLA [5.529](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/886)): **a** has two forms; tall **c** is frequent; **r** and **s** go below the line; **y** is dotted; ascenders and descenders are long. The **ri** ligature sometimes looks like an n prolonged below the line.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) and place (manifestly in North France, probably in the centre that produced Paris Lat. 1564) changed to follow C. Denoël, 'Le fonds des manuscrits latins de Notre-Dame de Paris' Scriptorium 58 (2004) at p. 150.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1059,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1059,"Script is a fairly graceful transition minuscule very much like that of MS Lat. 1564 (CLA 5.529): a has two forms; tall c is frequent; r and s go below the line; y is dotted; ascenders and descenders are long. The ri ligature sometimes looks like an n prolonged below the line.
","Written in Cologne. Was at Notre Dame de Paris in the fourteenth century; on fol. 2 stands the fourteenth-century entry: 'de capitulo ecclesie parisiensis est liber'; at the top of fol. 1 is the modern ex-libris: 'Ntre Dame n° 93² (E.2 olim)'.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) and place (manifestly in North France, probably in the centre that produced Paris Lat. 1564) changed to follow C. Denoël, 'Le fonds des manuscrits latins de Notre-Dame de Paris' Scriptorium 58 (2004) at p. 150.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1059.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1059.jpg 1060,732,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,5,675,"Written probably in Northern France. Was presumably at Corbie in the ninth century: on fol. 31v, originally blank, is the ninth century entry, 'Corbeia monasterio dedicatio basilice sancti petri apostoli'. Belonged to Notre Dame de Paris; on the front fly-leaf is the ex-libris: 'Bibliothèque de l'Église de Paris cote E n° 12, folio'; and on fol. 1: 'Ne De 101 bis', in two modern hands.",,,,"Vita S Wandregisili.",Parchment,,,"TM 66843",,"fol. 24v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85935666,"Script is a bold, broad, but not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is a small horizontal ellipse touching the middle of the stem; the top of **T** has pendant down-strokes; **LL** run together. Interlinear corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1060,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1060,"Script is a bold, broad, but not very expert uncial: the bow of uncial A is a small horizontal ellipse touching the middle of the stem; the top of T has pendant down-strokes; LL run together. Interlinear corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule passim.
","Written probably in Northern France. Was presumably at Corbie in the ninth century: on fol. 31v, originally blank, is the ninth century entry, 'Corbeia monasterio dedicatio basilice sancti petri apostoli'. Belonged to Notre Dame de Paris; on the front fly-leaf is the ex-libris: 'Bibliothèque de l'Église de Paris cote E n° 12, folio'; and on fol. 1: 'Ne De 101 bis', in two modern hands.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1060.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1060.jpg 1062,733,"Minuscule and Uncial",VIII–IX,701,900,5,676,"Written probably in Southern France or North Italy, in a centre with Visigothic connections. The leaves were removed from a binding and were presented in 1875 to the Bibliothèque Nationale by M. Chassaing, a judge of Le Puy, Haute Loire.",,,,"Varia Medica (Hippocrates).",Parchment,,,"TM 66844",,"fol. 3 ",,,"Script is partly a careful minuscule, partly a careless and late uncial. The minuscule recalls the script of MS Glasgow, Hunter. T.4.13 (CLA [2.156](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/471)), also a medical MS: **a** has two forms, **a** and oc-**a**; the back of **e** has a tiny knob; the bow of **g** is top-heavy; **ꞇ** has two forms, the Beneventan and Visigothic form being very frequent. In the uncial the bow of uncial **A** is often horizontal; the right bow of uncial **M** is compressed; the top of **T** is a horizontal flourish.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1062,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1062,"Script is partly a careful minuscule, partly a careless and late uncial. The minuscule recalls the script of MS Glasgow, Hunter. T.4.13 (CLA 2.156), also a medical MS: a has two forms, a and oc-a; the back of e has a tiny knob; the bow of g is top-heavy; ꞇ has two forms, the Beneventan and Visigothic form being very frequent. In the uncial the bow of uncial A is often horizontal; the right bow of uncial M is compressed; the top of T is a horizontal flourish.
","Written probably in Southern France or North Italy, in a centre with Visigothic connections. The leaves were removed from a binding and were presented in 1875 to the Bibliothèque Nationale by M. Chassaing, a judge of Le Puy, Haute Loire.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1062.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1062.jpg 1063,734,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,677,"Written probably in Northern Spain. Bought by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1878 with a collection of manuscripts from the well-known abbey of Silos near Burgos.",,,,"Cassianus, De Coenobiorum Institutis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66845",,"fol. 9v ",,,"Script is a well-formed Visigothic minuscule with the characteristic open **a**, **ꞇ** and **G**; suprascript v-shaped **u** is frequent; **x** is noteworthy—the oblique shaft leaning to the left has a sort of inverted comma at the top right end and another placed low at left end; **Y** rises above other letters; **z** has a superior dot.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1063,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1063,"Script is a well-formed Visigothic minuscule with the characteristic open a, ꞇ and G; suprascript v-shaped u is frequent; x is noteworthy—the oblique shaft leaning to the left has a sort of inverted comma at the top right end and another placed low at left end; Y rises above other letters; z has a superior dot.
","Written probably in Northern Spain. Bought by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1878 with a collection of manuscripts from the well-known abbey of Silos near Burgos.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1063.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1063.jpg 1064,735,Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,678,"Written in Spain or in some French centre under strong Visigothic influence. Was in the private collection of a 'docteur Bonnejoy’ in Vexin, north-west of Paris.",,,,"Paterius (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66846",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a rapid, rather ungainly uncial; the bow of uncial **A** is often horizontal and above the line; **B** occasionally is half-uncial; **C** and **G** lean backwards; uncial **M** is squarish, approaching the minuscule form; the left cross-bar of **T** has a downward finial; ascenders and descenders are characteristically long; ligatures of **US**, **NS**, **ON**, **OR**, **UR** occur, even in mid-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1064,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1064,"Script is a rapid, rather ungainly uncial; the bow of uncial A is often horizontal and above the line; B occasionally is half-uncial; C and G lean backwards; uncial M is squarish, approaching the minuscule form; the left cross-bar of T has a downward finial; ascenders and descenders are characteristically long; ligatures of US, NS, ON, OR, UR occur, even in mid-line.
","Written in Spain or in some French centre under strong Visigothic influence. Was in the private collection of a 'docteur Bonnejoy’ in Vexin, north-west of Paris.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1064.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1064.jpg 1065,736,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,679,"Written certainly in France and probably in the North. Provenance Beauvais: a nineteenth-century note on the front fly-leaf says that the manuscript was 'un des plus précieux de la Bibliothèque du chapitre de Beauvais'. A label on the inside cover reads: ‘Beauvais, inv. 1417 ·Exposition de 1869'. Bought by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1912 at the sale of the library of the Château de Troussures near Beauvais.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia & Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Mt 26.5–Hbr 7.12). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66847",,"foll. 83v-84",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10510172h,"Script is an expert, rapid cursive minuscule, full of ligatures and retaining a number of Merovingian features, such as the suprascript **a**, sickle-shaped **u**, even on the line, and the ligatures **fi**, **ri**, and **ti** (for both hard and soft sound}; **c** and occasionally **b** are broken-backed; **i**-longa is used semi-vocally; **o** has a prolongation at the top; **q** is open when in ligature; final **t** after **n** or suprascript **a** is a mere oblique stroke; the cross-stroke of **t** often ascends boldly to the right. Half-uncial is used in the prologue on fol. 73.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 32 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Dated VII in Wood 2017.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1065,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1065,"Script is an expert, rapid cursive minuscule, full of ligatures and retaining a number of Merovingian features, such as the suprascript a, sickle-shaped u, even on the line, and the ligatures fi, ri, and ti (for both hard and soft sound}; c and occasionally b are broken-backed; i-longa is used semi-vocally; o has a prolongation at the top; q is open when in ligature; final t after n or suprascript a is a mere oblique stroke; the cross-stroke of t often ascends boldly to the right. Half-uncial is used in the prologue on fol. 73.
","Written certainly in France and probably in the North. Provenance Beauvais: a nineteenth-century note on the front fly-leaf says that the manuscript was 'un des plus précieux de la Bibliothèque du chapitre de Beauvais'. A label on the inside cover reads: ‘Beauvais, inv. 1417 ·Exposition de 1869'. Bought by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1912 at the sale of the library of the Château de Troussures near Beauvais.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 32 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil). ☛Dated VII in Wood 2017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1065.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1065.jpg 1066,737,"a-type Half-Uncial",V–VI,401,600,5,680,"Written probably in North Africa. Found in 1918 in a cave near Tebessa, Algeria, by M. Reygasse, administrator of the district. Given by him to Stephen Gsell, Professor at the Collège de France, who in turn presented it to the Bibliothèque Nationale between 1918 and 1920.",,,,"Tractatus de Manichaeis (fragm.).",Parchment,"Codex Thevestinus.",,"TM 64661",,"foll. 5v and 6",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154748,"Script is a small irregular half-uncial in which **a** is regularly uncial; the eye of uncial **E** is open; **Ᵹ** has the transition form between uncial and half-uncial; **N** is distinctly broad; the shoulder of **r** dips very low; **os**, **nt** ligatures are used at line-ends.","☛Stein, M., Manichaica Latina. 3.1. Codex Thevestinus (Pap. Colon. 27) pp. 4–109.",,,,18,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1066,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1066,"Script is a small irregular half-uncial in which a is regularly uncial; the eye of uncial E is open; Ᵹ has the transition form between uncial and half-uncial; N is distinctly broad; the shoulder of r dips very low; os, nt ligatures are used at line-ends.
","Written probably in North Africa. Found in 1918 in a cave near Tebessa, Algeria, by M. Reygasse, administrator of the district. Given by him to Stephen Gsell, Professor at the Collège de France, who in turn presented it to the Bibliothèque Nationale between 1918 and 1920.
","☛Stein, M., Manichaica Latina. 3.1. Codex Thevestinus (Pap. Colon. 27) pp. 4–109.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1066.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1066.jpg 1067,738,"Uncial and Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,781,783,5,681,"Written doubtless in the Palace School at the order of Charlemagne by the scribe Godescalc between 781 and 783, as is shown by the dedicatory verses at the end of the volume (foll. [126v](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f252.image)–[127](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f253.image)). The scribe also tells us how he went to Rome in 781 to assist at the baptism of Carloman, son of Charlemagne, by Pope Hadrian I (772–795). In the Paschal Table a note in gold Rustic capital mentions that event opposite the year 781 (fol. [125](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f249.image)). The manuscript was in the treasury of St Sernin of Toulouse before the Revolution, according to a note on fol. 1, dated April 1794; that it belonged to that cathedral as early as the twelfth century is suggested by the addition of St Saturninus in the calendar, saec. XII (fol. [124](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f247.image)). Sent from the cathedral to the Museum of Toulouse. Was given to Napoleon in 1811. Brought to the Louvre, and became part of the Musée des Souverains in 1852. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1872.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io); Kalendarium; Tabula Paschalis.",Parchment,"Godesalc Evangelistarium. Godescalc Lectionary. Charlemagne Lectionary.",,"TM 66848",,"foll. 45 and 126v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s,"Script is a late type of uncial: artificial serifs decorate the shafts of many letters. The dedicatory verses on foll. [126v](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f252.image)–[127](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f253.image) and a few lines at the foot of foll. [104v](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f208.image) and [119](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6000718s/f237.image) are in elegant Caroline minuscule of the Palace School, to be compared with the Gospel Book at the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (CLA [5.517](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/873)) and the first hand of the [Ada Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1868). This is doubtless the script of Godescalc himself, who tells us, 'Ultimus hoc famulus studuit complere Godescalc': it has both open **a** and **a**; **e** is frequently open; **n** often has the uncial form; the **et** ligature, even in mid-word, is rather frequent.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1120. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 45](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/068_tav045a.pdf).",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1067,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067,"Script is a late type of uncial: artificial serifs decorate the shafts of many letters. The dedicatory verses on foll. 126v–127 and a few lines at the foot of foll. 104v and 119 are in elegant Caroline minuscule of the Palace School, to be compared with the Gospel Book at the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal (CLA 5.517) and the first hand of the Ada Gospels. This is doubtless the script of Godescalc himself, who tells us, 'Ultimus hoc famulus studuit complere Godescalc': it has both open a and a; e is frequently open; n often has the uncial form; the et ligature, even in mid-word, is rather frequent.
","Written doubtless in the Palace School at the order of Charlemagne by the scribe Godescalc between 781 and 783, as is shown by the dedicatory verses at the end of the volume (foll. 126v–127). The scribe also tells us how he went to Rome in 781 to assist at the baptism of Carloman, son of Charlemagne, by Pope Hadrian I (772–795). In the Paschal Table a note in gold Rustic capital mentions that event opposite the year 781 (fol. 125). The manuscript was in the treasury of St Sernin of Toulouse before the Revolution, according to a note on fol. 1, dated April 1794; that it belonged to that cathedral as early as the twelfth century is suggested by the addition of St Saturninus in the calendar, saec. XII (fol. 124). Sent from the cathedral to the Museum of Toulouse. Was given to Napoleon in 1811. Brought to the Louvre, and became part of the Musée des Souverains in 1852. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1872.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1120. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 45.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1067.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1067.jpg 1071,739,"Uncial, Half-Uncial, and Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,5,682,"Written probably at Tours, where the manuscript was preserved for centuries. It has features in common with MS [Haag, Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum 10 A 1](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/297), which also comes from Tours: the script of certain hands, the decoration, the corrections in green ink, the 'requisitum est' entry in Notae Tironianae. Closely related to these two Tours manuscripts are Wolfenbüttel, Weissenb. 86; Cologne, Dombibliothek 98; and possibly Epinal 68 of the year 744; as well as Paris Lat. 1572 and Lat. 1820 (CLA [5.530](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/887) and [536](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/893)). Our manuscript corresponds to No. 50 of the Catalogue of St Martin of Tours. Libri stole foll. 50–69, 114–130, 132–133, 135–138, which formed No. 8 in his collection. Came into the library of J. Desnoyers between 1820 and 1830, and at its sale in 1888 was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale.",,47.3941,0.6848,"Eugippius, Excerpta ex Operibus Augustini (1–121).",Parchment,,,"TM 66849",,"fol. 72v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154174,"Great variety of scripts, mostly uncalligraphic and careless, and manifestly the product of a transition period: half-uncial opens the preface and is also found here and there throughout the MS; there are whole sections in pure uncial in the preface, in Chapter 1, and in other quires (foll. 104–113, 127–138); the body of the MS is in minuscule, some hands a great deal more cursive than others. A cursive minuscule unlike the others is seen on fol. 23v. An almost contemporary hand made corrections in green ink throughout the MS Notae Tironianae passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1071,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071,"Great variety of scripts, mostly uncalligraphic and careless, and manifestly the product of a transition period: half-uncial opens the preface and is also found here and there throughout the MS; there are whole sections in pure uncial in the preface, in Chapter 1, and in other quires (foll. 104–113, 127–138); the body of the MS is in minuscule, some hands a great deal more cursive than others. A cursive minuscule unlike the others is seen on fol. 23v. An almost contemporary hand made corrections in green ink throughout the MS Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written probably at Tours, where the manuscript was preserved for centuries. It has features in common with MS Haag, Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum 10 A 1, which also comes from Tours: the script of certain hands, the decoration, the corrections in green ink, the 'requisitum est' entry in Notae Tironianae. Closely related to these two Tours manuscripts are Wolfenbüttel, Weissenb. 86; Cologne, Dombibliothek 98; and possibly Epinal 68 of the year 744; as well as Paris Lat. 1572 and Lat. 1820 (CLA 5.530 and 536). Our manuscript corresponds to No. 50 of the Catalogue of St Martin of Tours. Libri stole foll. 50–69, 114–130, 132–133, 135–138, which formed No. 8 in his collection. Came into the library of J. Desnoyers between 1820 and 1830, and at its sale in 1888 was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1071.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1071.jpg 1072,740,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,5,683,"Written probably at Tours. Provenance Marmoutiers, where it had the press-mark S.S. 1 (fol. 1). Was described under No. 90 by Dom Gérou in his catalogue of the library of Marmoutiers in 1754. Stolen by Libri (No. 6 of his catalogue) and purchased by Lord Ashburnham, from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it in 1887.",,47.3941,0.6848,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae Maiores (Vulgata, Is, Ier, Lam, Bar, Ez, Dn) (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66850",,"fol. 207 ",,,"Script is a fair uncial of a late type; the opening words on fol. 159v are in capitals. Minuscule is used by the scribe occasionally to save space at the end of a page (foll. 159v, 160, 188, 189, etc.), and the first Prologue to Daniel is also in minuscule, while the second is in Tours half-uncial; the text of Daniel which follows is in the uncial of the rest of the manuscript, which makes the three scripts contemporary. Foll. 89–98 have the outer halves replaced in Tours minuscule saec. IX in. Notae Tironianae passim. The entry 'ego gislardus' in early Tours minuscule stands on fol. 123; a Gislardus is mentioned in the St Gall 'liber confraternitatum', among the Fratres de Turonis. Another name, 'Rainardus', in capitals saec. IX occurs on fol. 63.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1072,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1072,"Script is a fair uncial of a late type; the opening words on fol. 159v are in capitals. Minuscule is used by the scribe occasionally to save space at the end of a page (foll. 159v, 160, 188, 189, etc.), and the first Prologue to Daniel is also in minuscule, while the second is in Tours half-uncial; the text of Daniel which follows is in the uncial of the rest of the manuscript, which makes the three scripts contemporary. Foll. 89–98 have the outer halves replaced in Tours minuscule saec. IX in. Notae Tironianae passim. The entry 'ego gislardus' in early Tours minuscule stands on fol. 123; a Gislardus is mentioned in the St Gall 'liber confraternitatum', among the Fratres de Turonis. Another name, 'Rainardus', in capitals saec. IX occurs on fol. 63.
","Written probably at Tours. Provenance Marmoutiers, where it had the press-mark S.S. 1 (fol. 1). Was described under No. 90 by Dom Gérou in his catalogue of the library of Marmoutiers in 1754. Stolen by Libri (No. 6 of his catalogue) and purchased by Lord Ashburnham, from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1072.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1072.jpg 1073,741,"Insular Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,5,684,"Origin uncertain: a Breton centre seems likely, but Cornwall or Wales are not to be excluded. The colophon on fol. 109 mentions Holcundus as the scribe's name. Provenance St Gatien, Tours (No. 8 of the old catalogue). Stolen by Libri in 1842 (No. 14 of his collection). The entries on fol. 53 ('Pippinus rix francorum') and on fol. 109 ('monasterii S. Zenonis maioris Veronae') were forged by Libri. Bought by Lord Ashburnham in 1847; acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Evangelium Gatianum. Gatien Gospels. Codex Gatianus.",,"TM 66851",,"fol. 53 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8423842n,"Script is a crude and rather awkward specimen of Celtic majuscule: **m** at line-ends is sometimes reduced to a vertical zig-zag line; **x** and **z** are noteworthy, the lower left branch of **x** is prolonged downwards, **z** resembles minuscule ꞇ with a long downward tail to the left. On fol. 1 is the name UUARNERIUS in elongated letters saec. IX. Contemporary monograms appear in the lower margin of fol. 47. In the margin of fol. 75 is a pen-and-ink drawing of a cock. Lessons and variant readings in minuscule saec. IX–X, passim. In the lower margin of the last page (fol. 109) one reads the name TINMOCNIAM (saec. IX).",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1073,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1073,"Script is a crude and rather awkward specimen of Celtic majuscule: m at line-ends is sometimes reduced to a vertical zig-zag line; x and z are noteworthy, the lower left branch of x is prolonged downwards, z resembles minuscule ꞇ with a long downward tail to the left. On fol. 1 is the name UUARNERIUS in elongated letters saec. IX. Contemporary monograms appear in the lower margin of fol. 47. In the margin of fol. 75 is a pen-and-ink drawing of a cock. Lessons and variant readings in minuscule saec. IX–X, passim. In the lower margin of the last page (fol. 109) one reads the name TINMOCNIAM (saec. IX).
","Origin uncertain: a Breton centre seems likely, but Cornwall or Wales are not to be excluded. The colophon on fol. 109 mentions Holcundus as the scribe's name. Provenance St Gatien, Tours (No. 8 of the old catalogue). Stolen by Libri in 1842 (No. 14 of his collection). The entries on fol. 53 ('Pippinus rix francorum') and on fol. 109 ('monasterii S. Zenonis maioris Veronae') were forged by Libri. Bought by Lord Ashburnham in 1847; acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1073.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1073.jpg 1074,742,Uncial,VI,501,600,5,685,"Written, it would seem, in Italy and perhaps in the South. The manuscript was later at St Martin's of Tours (Nouveau Traité, 3, pp. 40, 170). Stolen by Libri, it entered the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888, with other Libri manuscripts. In the Libri collection it was No. 1 (cf. front fly-leaf).",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (6–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 66852",,"foll. 40 and 13v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10515456b,"Script is a stately, well formed uncial, not of the oldest type, apparently by one hand; the bow of uncial **A** is mostly oval and low; the eye of uncial **E** is closed; the tail of **G** is thin and often very short; the bar of **T** is long and curves down; **Y** goes slightly below the line at the left. Marginalia and corrections in sloping contemporary b-d uncial (foll. 1, 2v, 12, 13v) and in a small uncial hand (foll. 18v, 19v, 31). The b-d hand assimilated prefixes and modified the syllabification on the first 18 folios to conform with the Greek style ('perfe-ctae', 'do-ctores', fol. 17v, etc.) as did Victor, Bishop of Capua, in the [Codex Fuldensis](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672) of the Gospels in the year 546 and the corrector of the Harley Gospels (CLA [2.197](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/514)), both of whom used the b-d sloping uncial.","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus, cf. M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998), pp. 5–16. ☛P. Gasnault, 'L'ex-libris du VIIIe siècle d'un manuscrit de S. Hilaire (Bibliothèque nationale, nouv. acq. lat. 1592)' [Scriptorium 25 (1971) 49–52](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1971_num_25_1_3429).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1074,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1074,"Script is a stately, well formed uncial, not of the oldest type, apparently by one hand; the bow of uncial A is mostly oval and low; the eye of uncial E is closed; the tail of G is thin and often very short; the bar of T is long and curves down; Y goes slightly below the line at the left. Marginalia and corrections in sloping contemporary b-d uncial (foll. 1, 2v, 12, 13v) and in a small uncial hand (foll. 18v, 19v, 31). The b-d hand assimilated prefixes and modified the syllabification on the first 18 folios to conform with the Greek style ('perfe-ctae', 'do-ctores', fol. 17v, etc.) as did Victor, Bishop of Capua, in the Codex Fuldensis of the Gospels in the year 546 and the corrector of the Harley Gospels (CLA 2.197), both of whom used the b-d sloping uncial.
","Written, it would seem, in Italy and perhaps in the South. The manuscript was later at St Martin's of Tours (Nouveau Traité, 3, pp. 40, 170). Stolen by Libri, it entered the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888, with other Libri manuscripts. In the Libri collection it was No. 1 (cf. front fly-leaf).
","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus, cf. M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 22 (1998), pp. 5–16. ☛P. Gasnault, 'L'ex-libris du VIIIe siècle d'un manuscrit de S. Hilaire (Bibliothèque nationale, nouv. acq. lat. 1592)' Scriptorium 25 (1971) 49–52.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1074.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1074.jpg 1075,743,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,686,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. A title in the well-known hand of a Fleury librarian of the twelfth century is seen on fol. 1, which served as fly-leaf in MS Orléans 87 from Fleury. The leaves were stolen by Libri and bore the number 16 in his collection.",3,,,"Augustinus, Speculum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66853",,"fol. 5v ",,,"Script is a rather ornate regular uncial of a late type: the tail of **G** is very fine; **LL** run together; the lower left branch of **X** has a serif to the right; the left branch of **Y** rises well above the line; several letters have forked finials.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1244.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1075,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1075,"Script is a rather ornate regular uncial of a late type: the tail of G is very fine; LL run together; the lower left branch of X has a serif to the right; the left branch of Y rises well above the line; several letters have forked finials.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. A title in the well-known hand of a Fleury librarian of the twelfth century is seen on fol. 1, which served as fly-leaf in MS Orléans 87 from Fleury. The leaves were stolen by Libri and bore the number 16 in his collection.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1244.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1075.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1075.jpg 1077,744,"Early Minuscule and Half-Uncial",VIII–IX,701,900,5,687,"Written presumably at Fleury, at the order of a certain Dodo, probably an eighth-century abbot of Fleury, whose name occurs at the end of two contemporary marginal Fleury ex-libris seen on foll. 3v and 180v: 'Dodo fieri iussit' and 'Dodo fieri rogavit'. Other typical Fleury ex-libris stand on foll. 1, 92v, 181v; these were tampered with by Libri, who stole the MS and changed 'Benedicti Floriacensis' to 'Beatissime Marie Florentine'. The manuscript bore the number 92 in his collection (cf. front fly-leaf).",,46.1926,4.6975,"Paterius, Expositio Veteris ac Novi Testamenti (Gn–Ct).",Parchment,,,"TM 66854",,"fol. 122 ",,,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule by a number of scribes, in some ways resembling the script of MS Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7), which is somewhat later, and therefore excluded from this volume: open **a** is more common than **a**; the cursive ligatures **ri** and **ti** occur, as do suprascript **a** and **l** going below the line. The script of foll. 1v–2 seems like an imitation half-uncial. The name 'Adhelardus' is seen on fol. 181v.","☛R.E. Guglielmetti, La tradizione dei commenti latini al cantico dei cantici, Florence 2006, no. 797. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1245.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1077,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1077,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule by a number of scribes, in some ways resembling the script of MS Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7), which is somewhat later, and therefore excluded from this volume: open a is more common than a; the cursive ligatures ri and ti occur, as do suprascript a and l going below the line. The script of foll. 1v–2 seems like an imitation half-uncial. The name 'Adhelardus' is seen on fol. 181v.
","Written presumably at Fleury, at the order of a certain Dodo, probably an eighth-century abbot of Fleury, whose name occurs at the end of two contemporary marginal Fleury ex-libris seen on foll. 3v and 180v: 'Dodo fieri iussit' and 'Dodo fieri rogavit'. Other typical Fleury ex-libris stand on foll. 1, 92v, 181v; these were tampered with by Libri, who stole the MS and changed 'Benedicti Floriacensis' to 'Beatissime Marie Florentine'. The manuscript bore the number 92 in his collection (cf. front fly-leaf).
","☛R.E. Guglielmetti, La tradizione dei commenti latini al cantico dei cantici, Florence 2006, no. 797. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1245.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1077.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1077.jpg 1078,745,Half-Uncial,VIII,701,800,5,688,"Written probably in North France, perhaps in the region of Corbie. The name of 'hildoinus abbas' which occurs in several probationes pennae suggests that the manuscript was at St Denis at the beginning of the ninth century. Belonged to Fr Pithou. Later at Troyes and Montpellier, whence it was stolen by Libri. It bore the number 10 in his collection; Libri’s forged entry: Mōsterii S. Zenonis maioris Uerone' stands on fol. 206v.",,,,Oribasius.,Parchment,,,"TM 66855",,"fol. 16v ",,,"Script is a late artificial half-uncial verging on minuscule, and related in style to the Corbie a-b script: **d** and **g** occasionally have the uncial form; the shaft of **l** has a break near the base; **y** is short and dotted and occasionally both branches curve to the right. An addition in Corbie a-b script: 'Ad morbo regio' is seen on fol. 206v. On fol. 1v stands the contemporary probatio pennae in a-b script, 'hildoinus abbas'; the name of Abbot Hilduin is again entered on the upper margin of fol. 48 in Caroline minuscule; the name 'hagmerad' occurs on fol. 1v and ‘hagmeradus' on foll. 206v and 207. Notae Tironianae are found on fol. 187.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1078,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1078,"Script is a late artificial half-uncial verging on minuscule, and related in style to the Corbie a-b script: d and g occasionally have the uncial form; the shaft of l has a break near the base; y is short and dotted and occasionally both branches curve to the right. An addition in Corbie a-b script: 'Ad morbo regio' is seen on fol. 206v. On fol. 1v stands the contemporary probatio pennae in a-b script, 'hildoinus abbas'; the name of Abbot Hilduin is again entered on the upper margin of fol. 48 in Caroline minuscule; the name 'hagmerad' occurs on fol. 1v and ‘hagmeradus' on foll. 206v and 207. Notae Tironianae are found on fol. 187.
","Written probably in North France, perhaps in the region of Corbie. The name of 'hildoinus abbas' which occurs in several probationes pennae suggests that the manuscript was at St Denis at the beginning of the ninth century. Belonged to Fr Pithou. Later at Troyes and Montpellier, whence it was stolen by Libri. It bore the number 10 in his collection; Libri’s forged entry: Mōsterii S. Zenonis maioris Uerone' stands on fol. 206v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1078.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1078.jpg 1079,746,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,5,689,"Origin uncertain, probably France. The leaves are probably a restoration of a much older MS. They were stolen by Libri: on fol. 1 is the entry 'Libri 16'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888 with other Libri manuscripts.",3,,,"Hieronymus, In Esaiam (praefatio).",Parchment,,,"TM 66856",,"fol. 2 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8490080k,"Script is a small square uncial of a late type: the cross-bar of **T** has pendant down-strokes; **LL** run together. Late ninth- and tenth-century probationes pennae and liturgical entries on fol. 2v, originally blank.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1079,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1079,"Script is a small square uncial of a late type: the cross-bar of T has pendant down-strokes; LL run together. Late ninth- and tenth-century probationes pennae and liturgical entries on fol. 2v, originally blank.
","Origin uncertain, probably France. The leaves are probably a restoration of a much older MS. They were stolen by Libri: on fol. 1 is the entry 'Libri 16'. Came to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888 with other Libri manuscripts.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1079.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1079.jpg 1080,747,Uncial,"VII ex.",676,700,5,690,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Was at Fleury in the eighth-ninth century: fol. 5 has the entry, 'Hic est liber Sancti Benedicti Floriacensis', in ninth-century uncial running down the length of the inner margin (see fol. 5).",3,,,"Origenes, In Epistulam Pauli ad Romanos (1, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66857",,"fol. 5 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8490080k,"Script is a rather awkward uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is long, compressed, and often pendant; the upper bow of **B** is triangular; **L** ends in a downward hair-line; the cross-stroke of **T** is straight and thin; the fork of **Y** rises above the line.","☛CLA provenance (probably Italy) and date (VII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1269.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1080,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1080,"Script is a rather awkward uncial: the bow of uncial A is long, compressed, and often pendant; the upper bow of B is triangular; L ends in a downward hair-line; the cross-stroke of T is straight and thin; the fork of Y rises above the line.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Was at Fleury in the eighth-ninth century: fol. 5 has the entry, 'Hic est liber Sancti Benedicti Floriacensis', in ninth-century uncial running down the length of the inner margin (see fol. 5).
","☛CLA provenance (probably Italy) and date (VII) changed to follow CLA 6 p. X. ☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1269.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1080.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1080.jpg 1081,748,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,5,691,"Written doubtless in the same French scriptorium as produced the Missale Francorum and the Psalterium Duplum (CLA [1.101](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/113) and [103](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115)). Belonged to the cathedral of Lyon as early as the ninth century, as is suggested by the script of the probationes pennae on fol. 225v referring to St Stephen. It also came to light in modern times in the vicinity of Lyon in the Library of the Baron Dauphin de Verna in Cremieu, lsère (as No. 1234 of the sale catalogue) whence it migrated in 1894 to the Bibliothèque Nationale.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Vulgata, Dt, Ios, Idc, Rt).",Parchment,,,"TM 66858",,"foll. 96v and 195v",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b85856056,"Script is an artificial uncial of the late stage executed with extreme precision and neatness, bearing striking resemblance to that of MSS Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1 r and Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257 (CLA [1.101](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/113), [103](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115)): the bows of **ꝺ** and **P**, the tail of **G** and the second stroke of **X** often end in a triangular thickening; **Y** is dotted and descends below the line. Half-uncial was used to make a correction on foll. 134 and 200v. Foll. 193–197 are a replacement in minuscule saec. VIII–IX apparently in the Lyon-Autun type. Various probationes pennae on fol. 225v; among them one in elongated minuscule reads: 'Ad altare Sancti Stefani' and another in imitation uncial saec. X reads 'lste liber est Daniele clerice sancti Stefani episcopat(us?) bonus'. On fol. 231v appears the entry in minuscule saec. IX: 'orate pro illo qui istum librum suscripsit tercio kalendas agustas regnnante Lottario rege'. The Deuteronomy has many neatly copied marginal glosses in small Lyonese minuscule saec. IX.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1081,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1081,"Script is an artificial uncial of the late stage executed with extreme precision and neatness, bearing striking resemblance to that of MSS Vatic. Regin. Lat. 1 r and Vatic. Regin. Lat. 257 (CLA 1.101, 103): the bows of ꝺ and P, the tail of G and the second stroke of X often end in a triangular thickening; Y is dotted and descends below the line. Half-uncial was used to make a correction on foll. 134 and 200v. Foll. 193–197 are a replacement in minuscule saec. VIII–IX apparently in the Lyon-Autun type. Various probationes pennae on fol. 225v; among them one in elongated minuscule reads: 'Ad altare Sancti Stefani' and another in imitation uncial saec. X reads 'lste liber est Daniele clerice sancti Stefani episcopat(us?) bonus'. On fol. 231v appears the entry in minuscule saec. IX: 'orate pro illo qui istum librum suscripsit tercio kalendas agustas regnnante Lottario rege'. The Deuteronomy has many neatly copied marginal glosses in small Lyonese minuscule saec. IX.
","Written doubtless in the same French scriptorium as produced the Missale Francorum and the Psalterium Duplum (CLA 1.101 and 103). Belonged to the cathedral of Lyon as early as the ninth century, as is suggested by the script of the probationes pennae on fol. 225v referring to St Stephen. It also came to light in modern times in the vicinity of Lyon in the Library of the Baron Dauphin de Verna in Cremieu, lsère (as No. 1234 of the sale catalogue) whence it migrated in 1894 to the Bibliothèque Nationale.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1081.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1081.jpg 1082,749,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,5,692,"Origin presumably North-east France. Was apparently at Corbie early in the eighth century, as shown by the unmistakable Corbie marginalia; the manuscript may have been written there. Belonged to Beauvais as early as the twelfth century: the entry ‘Sancti Petri Belvacensis' is seen on foll. 40, 41v, 56. Later at the Château de Troussures near Beauvais, where it was numbered 263; bound in 1808 (see front paper fly-leaf). Sold to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1909.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (1.68–5.38).",Parchment,,,"TM 66859",,"fol. 32 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10515412w,"Script is a late type of half-uncial, almost verging on minuscule: **G** and **N** are the rule; **y** is short, with both branches curving to the right—an Insular feature. Some pale-coloured marginalia in a characteristic semi-cursive minuscule, set off by an S-like flourish above and below the entry (foll. 2v, 18, 38v, 46v, 52, 58v), are in the hand found in the margin of several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA [5.619](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/995)). An insertion in Maurdramnus-type saec. IX in. is seen on fol. 50.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1082,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1082,"Script is a late type of half-uncial, almost verging on minuscule: G and N are the rule; y is short, with both branches curving to the right—an Insular feature. Some pale-coloured marginalia in a characteristic semi-cursive minuscule, set off by an S-like flourish above and below the entry (foll. 2v, 18, 38v, 46v, 52, 58v), are in the hand found in the margin of several other MSS from Corbie (see CLA 5.619). An insertion in Maurdramnus-type saec. IX in. is seen on fol. 50.
","Origin presumably North-east France. Was apparently at Corbie early in the eighth century, as shown by the unmistakable Corbie marginalia; the manuscript may have been written there. Belonged to Beauvais as early as the twelfth century: the entry ‘Sancti Petri Belvacensis' is seen on foll. 40, 41v, 56. Later at the Château de Troussures near Beauvais, where it was numbered 263; bound in 1808 (see front paper fly-leaf). Sold to the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1909.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1082.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1082.jpg 1083,751,Uncial,VII,601,700,5,693a,"Written apparently in a centre outside the main Latin stream, perhaps in the Eastern region to which Munich Lat. 6224 (CLA [9.1249](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1734)) is ascribed. Reached France by the eighth century and was restored, doubtless in the French scriptorium that produced Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493, foll. 19–99 (CLA [1.93](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105)), as suggested by the restoration leaves (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/1084)). Was at Tours by the early ninth century, to judge by the added fol. 33. Bore the number 4 in the library of the Cathedral of Tours, whence Libri stole it in 1842. His forged ex-libris stands on fol. 116v: μον. κρνπτφερρ. Was acquired by Lord Ashburnham, from whom it was purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt).",Parchment,"Ashburnham Pentateuch.",,"TM 66860",,"fol. 5 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b53019392c,"Script is uncial of a peculiar type, with some features recalling the Valerianus Codex (Munich Lat. 6224; CLA [9.1249](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1734)), assigned by some to a Latin-speaking region east of Italy: uncial **A** has a mane-like top; the lower part of **B** is broad; the eye of uncial **E** is open; the descenders of **F**, **P**, and uncial **Q** turn to the left; **LL** run together; the oblique stroke of **N** is often low; the bow of **R** often open; half-uncial **ꞅ** occurs at line-ends; cup-shaped suprascript **U** near the end of a line. Uncial **AE**, **OS**, **UNT** are found in ligature. Marginalia saec. VII in mixed uncial or half-uncial (see fol. 5). A liturgical lesson (LECTIO PASCAE) is marked in uncial (fol. 109). An entry in crude Notae Tironianae on fol. 93v reads, 'de sa-cra-men-to'; another occurs on fol. 121; later Notae saec. IX on foll. 70v, 71v, 76v, 118v, 126v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1083,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1083,"Script is uncial of a peculiar type, with some features recalling the Valerianus Codex (Munich Lat. 6224; CLA 9.1249), assigned by some to a Latin-speaking region east of Italy: uncial A has a mane-like top; the lower part of B is broad; the eye of uncial E is open; the descenders of F, P, and uncial Q turn to the left; LL run together; the oblique stroke of N is often low; the bow of R often open; half-uncial ꞅ occurs at line-ends; cup-shaped suprascript U near the end of a line. Uncial AE, OS, UNT are found in ligature. Marginalia saec. VII in mixed uncial or half-uncial (see fol. 5). A liturgical lesson (LECTIO PASCAE) is marked in uncial (fol. 109). An entry in crude Notae Tironianae on fol. 93v reads, 'de sa-cra-men-to'; another occurs on fol. 121; later Notae saec. IX on foll. 70v, 71v, 76v, 118v, 126v.
","Written apparently in a centre outside the main Latin stream, perhaps in the Eastern region to which Munich Lat. 6224 (CLA 9.1249) is ascribed. Reached France by the eighth century and was restored, doubtless in the French scriptorium that produced Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493, foll. 19–99 (CLA 1.93), as suggested by the restoration leaves (see next item). Was at Tours by the early ninth century, to judge by the added fol. 33. Bore the number 4 in the library of the Cathedral of Tours, whence Libri stole it in 1842. His forged ex-libris stands on fol. 116v: μον. κρνπτφερρ. Was acquired by Lord Ashburnham, from whom it was purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1083.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1083.jpg 1084,752,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,5,693b,"Written probably in East France, doubtless in the same centre as the Sacramentary, Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493 (CLA [1.93](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105)), to judge by script and ornamentation. For the later history, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1083).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt).",Parchment,,,"TM 66861",,"fol. 3 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b53019392c,"Script is an expert but artificial type of late uncial, closely resembling that of [Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/105); noteworthy are **ꝺ** with a fine serif to the left, **L** with a curved serif at the left of the base, **S** with a compressed upper bow, and the high-waisted **X**. **T** after **N** at line-ends occurs suprascript, but not in ligature.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1084,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1084,"Script is an expert but artificial type of late uncial, closely resembling that of Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493; noteworthy are ꝺ with a fine serif to the left, L with a curved serif at the left of the base, S with a compressed upper bow, and the high-waisted X. T after N at line-ends occurs suprascript, but not in ligature.
","Written probably in East France, doubtless in the same centre as the Sacramentary, Vatic. Pal. Lat. 493 (CLA 1.93), to judge by script and ornamentation. For the later history, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1084.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1084.jpg 1085,753,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,694,"Written probably at Corbie. Acquired for Ste Geneviève in 1725.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Cassiodorus, In Psalmos (1–44).",Parchment,,,"TM 66862",,"fol. 43v ",,http://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr/consult/consult.php?reproductionId=13171,"Script is a careful a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of that type: the stem of **h** is bent backwards; suprascript **a** in ligature, open at the top, occurs mostly at line-ends. (See also CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)).",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1085,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1085,"Script is a careful a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of that type: the stem of h is bent backwards; suprascript a in ligature, open at the top, occurs mostly at line-ends. (See also CLA 5.554).
","Written probably at Corbie. Acquired for Ste Geneviève in 1725.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1085.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1085.jpg 1086,754,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,5,695,"Written probably at Corbie. Provenance the abbey of Ste Geneviève. On the front fly-leaf a note in an eighteenth-century hand, probably that of P. Pingre, states that the volume was acquired for the abbey in 1775. Former press-mark B. 1. 27.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Beda, In Cantica Canticorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66863",,"fol. 72 ",,,"Script is a careful Corbie a-b minuscule with the characteristic **a** and **b**; the uncial form of **a** is used at line-end; the upright of **h** bends backward; **y** is dotted; **i**-longa is used at the beginning of words and for the semi-vocalic sound; suprascript **a** in ligature is wide open at the top. The uncials used in titles, colophons, and lemmata have the peculiarity that **E** and **Q** are regularly capital, **D** mostly capital; occasionally the spiral-shaped uncial form occurs. See also CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914). Corrections in ninth-century minuscule; crude probationes pennae in a later hand are seen on fol. 56.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1086,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1086,"Script is a careful Corbie a-b minuscule with the characteristic a and b; the uncial form of a is used at line-end; the upright of h bends backward; y is dotted; i-longa is used at the beginning of words and for the semi-vocalic sound; suprascript a in ligature is wide open at the top. The uncials used in titles, colophons, and lemmata have the peculiarity that E and Q are regularly capital, D mostly capital; occasionally the spiral-shaped uncial form occurs. See also CLA 5.554. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule; crude probationes pennae in a later hand are seen on fol. 56.
","Written probably at Corbie. Provenance the abbey of Ste Geneviève. On the front fly-leaf a note in an eighteenth-century hand, probably that of P. Pingre, states that the volume was acquired for the abbey in 1775. Former press-mark B. 1. 27.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1086.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1086.jpg 1087,755,Cursive,VI,501,600,5,696,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt. Formerly No. 114 in the Salt collection. ",0,,,"Glossarium Latino-Graecum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 65244",,"Image shown reproduces the entire fragment",,,"Script is an unusual cursive minuscule with the Greek words transliterated into Latin: noteworthy is the form of **e** recalling Greek θ, a form also found in the Escorial Benedictio Cerei in cursive (Códice del Camarin, without number); **c** is mostly tall and its two strokes often fail to join. The spelling in both languages is very barbarous and corrupt. A cross stands at the opening of the brief vocabulary.","☛J. Kramer, AfP 53 (2007), pp. 31–44. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 277.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1087,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1087,"Script is an unusual cursive minuscule with the Greek words transliterated into Latin: noteworthy is the form of e recalling Greek θ, a form also found in the Escorial Benedictio Cerei in cursive (Códice del Camarin, without number); c is mostly tall and its two strokes often fail to join. The spelling in both languages is very barbarous and corrupt. A cross stands at the opening of the brief vocabulary.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt. Formerly No. 114 in the Salt collection.
","☛J. Kramer, AfP 53 (2007), pp. 31–44. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 277.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1087.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1087.jpg 1088,756,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,5,697,"Origin uncertain; probably a centre where Greek was the more familiar language. The leaves are manifestly the remains of a Latin textbook for Greek-speaking pupils.",0,,,"Grammatica Latino-Graeca (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 64909",,"Image from the recto (?)",,,"Script is a graceful, expert uncial recalling the distinct type found in some legal manuscripts like that of the Florentine Digests or the Verona Gaius and some legal fragments found in Egypt (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627); [4.488](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835); [3.292](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624)): the bow of uncial **A** is low; **B** is high, uncial **E** is open; **N**, **O**, and **T** follow the Greek rather than the Latin canon.","☛B. Rochette, Le latin dans le monde grec, pp. 179–80. ☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, p. 136 and n.11. ☛M. C. Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti pp. 184–226. ☛E. Dickey, R. Ferri, ZPE 187 (2013), pp. 173–89.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1088,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1088,"Script is a graceful, expert uncial recalling the distinct type found in some legal manuscripts like that of the Florentine Digests or the Verona Gaius and some legal fragments found in Egypt (CLA 3.295; 4.488; 3.292): the bow of uncial A is low; B is high, uncial E is open; N, O, and T follow the Greek rather than the Latin canon.
","Origin uncertain; probably a centre where Greek was the more familiar language. The leaves are manifestly the remains of a Latin textbook for Greek-speaking pupils.
","☛B. Rochette, Le latin dans le monde grec, pp. 179–80. ☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, p. 136 and n.11. ☛M. C. Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti pp. 184–226. ☛E. Dickey, R. Ferri, ZPE 187 (2013), pp. 173–89.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1088.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1088.jpg 1089,757,Cursive,III,201,300,5,698,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",0,,,"Glossarium Latino-Graecum (litterae S–U).",Papyrus,,,"TM 64219",,"Fragment 10 (col. VII) shown",,,"Script is expert in both languages, but nicely differentiated: the Greek is roundish and upright, the Latin is distinctly sloping and unusually angular: **B** has the ancient cursive form; **D** occurs in two forms , one of which with the very long stem approaches the uncial **ꝺ**; **G** is either typical sloping uncial or capital; **L** is short; **U** is broad and angular.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 276. ☛E. Dickey, R. Ferri, ZPE 175 (2010), pp. 177–87. ☛M. C. Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG), pp. 466–71.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1089,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1089,"Script is expert in both languages, but nicely differentiated: the Greek is roundish and upright, the Latin is distinctly sloping and unusually angular: B has the ancient cursive form; D occurs in two forms , one of which with the very long stem approaches the uncial ꝺ; G is either typical sloping uncial or capital; L is short; U is broad and angular.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 276. ☛E. Dickey, R. Ferri, ZPE 175 (2010), pp. 177–87. ☛M. C. Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG), pp. 466–71.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1089.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1089.jpg 1090,758,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,5,699,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.",0,,,"Glossarium Latino-Graecum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64220",,"From the verso",,,"Script is early half-uncial resembling in some features the script of the Bodleian Sallust fragment (CLA [2.246](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/565)), but far more uniform in the size of letters: **g** is uncial, **l** extends horizontally below the line, **ꞅ** ends in a characteristic long finial. The symbols in the left margin are perhaps tachygraphic. Noteworthy is the reversed alphabetical order of the Latin (mo, mi, me, ma).","☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1090,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1090,"Script is early half-uncial resembling in some features the script of the Bodleian Sallust fragment (CLA 2.246), but far more uniform in the size of letters: g is uncial, l extends horizontally below the line, ꞅ ends in a characteristic long finial. The symbols in the left margin are perhaps tachygraphic. Noteworthy is the reversed alphabetical order of the Latin (mo, mi, me, ma).
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.
","☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1090.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1090.jpg 1091,759,"Sloping Uncial",VI,501,600,5,700,"Written apparently in the Byzantine Empire. Found in Egypt. Bought by Seymour de Ricci from Ali in Gizeh, in 1908.",,,,"Iustinianus, Codex (12.59.10, 60.3, 62.3), Digesta (19.2.54).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61411",,"Image shows the entire recto and verso (foll. 2v, 1, 1v, 2)",,,"Script is a curious type of sloping uncial, written with a pen cut for Greek script: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed and rather small; the back of uncial **E** is almost a straight line; **L** extends below the following letter as in older sloping scripts (CLA [2.248](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)); **m** and **r** are half-uncial; the top-stroke of **T** ends in two downward finials, as in Greek uncial of the period (CLA [3.306](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/643)).",,,,,12,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1091,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1091,"Script is a curious type of sloping uncial, written with a pen cut for Greek script: the bow of uncial A is pointed and rather small; the back of uncial E is almost a straight line; L extends below the following letter as in older sloping scripts (CLA 2.248); m and r are half-uncial; the top-stroke of T ends in two downward finials, as in Greek uncial of the period (CLA 3.306).
","Written apparently in the Byzantine Empire. Found in Egypt. Bought by Seymour de Ricci from Ali in Gizeh, in 1908.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1091.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1091.jpg 1092,760,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,701,"Written probably in East France, to judge by the script. Belonged to Nicolas Lefevre (†1674), tutor to Louis 13th: the table of contents on the paper fly-leaf is in his hand. Later belonged to J. A. de Thou (see fol. l), and then to Colbert in whose collection it was numbered 1335; later No. 3990.4 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas (Ionas, Naum, Sophonias, Aggeus); Philippus, Expositio in Iob (3).",Parchment,,,"TM 66864",,"foll. 123 and 122",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule mostly by one hand showing different stages of development; **a** has various forms; **b** occasionally has the horizontal tag as in 'Corbie' type; ascenders are rather tall and often have a horizontal serif; **N** occurs in mid-word; **y** has two forms; **z** descends below the base-line; ligatures are not infrequent; in the contemporary hand seen on the inserted foll. 90–91v, **a** and **ꞇ** resemble the forms found in Raetian and early Beneventan manuscripts. Part of fol. 122 and all of fol. 122v originally left blank, were used by an almost contemporary hand for copying the 'Sermo de sanctae Marie concepcione'; **d** is almost half-uncial; the shaft of **h** curves to the left; **i**-longa is used initially and semi-vocally; the second stroke of **r** sweeps above the head-line; **ti** ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Numerous corrections saec. IX are seen in the first part of the manuscript. Some Notae Tironianae on fol. 141.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1092,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1092,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule mostly by one hand showing different stages of development; a has various forms; b occasionally has the horizontal tag as in 'Corbie' type; ascenders are rather tall and often have a horizontal serif; N occurs in mid-word; y has two forms; z descends below the base-line; ligatures are not infrequent; in the contemporary hand seen on the inserted foll. 90–91v, a and ꞇ resemble the forms found in Raetian and early Beneventan manuscripts. Part of fol. 122 and all of fol. 122v originally left blank, were used by an almost contemporary hand for copying the 'Sermo de sanctae Marie concepcione'; d is almost half-uncial; the shaft of h curves to the left; i-longa is used initially and semi-vocally; the second stroke of r sweeps above the head-line; ti ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Numerous corrections saec. IX are seen in the first part of the manuscript. Some Notae Tironianae on fol. 141.
","Written probably in East France, to judge by the script. Belonged to Nicolas Lefevre (†1674), tutor to Louis 13th: the table of contents on the paper fly-leaf is in his hand. Later belonged to J. A. de Thou (see fol. l), and then to Colbert in whose collection it was numbered 1335; later No. 3990.4 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1092.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1092.jpg 1093,761,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,5,702,"Written probably in Burgundy, in a region where 'Luxeuil' traditions were still alive at the end of the eighth century. Later the MS belonged to Cluny (cf. the press-mark saec. XVII on fol. 2 and the entry saec. XVIII on the inside of the front cover). It was first catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as 'Suppl. Lat. 1114’.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66865",,"fol. 44v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9078380s,"Script is archaic Caroline minuscule by several hands, in the general appearance and in some details still retaining half-uncial features; **f** and **ꞅ** are squarish, the tongue of **f** rests almost on the base line; **ꞇ** with the cross-stroke forming a loop at the left occurs, especially in one particular hand seen on fol. 32; the first line of fol. 44 looks like an attempt to write half-uncial. The numeral **M** normally resembles a lying 8 which suggests an ancient exemplar. One ninth-century hand added monograms Nota, another a note on French events in 841; on fol. 43 stands a students' song saec. XII–XIII.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1093,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1093,"Script is archaic Caroline minuscule by several hands, in the general appearance and in some details still retaining half-uncial features; f and ꞅ are squarish, the tongue of f rests almost on the base line; ꞇ with the cross-stroke forming a loop at the left occurs, especially in one particular hand seen on fol. 32; the first line of fol. 44 looks like an attempt to write half-uncial. The numeral M normally resembles a lying 8 which suggests an ancient exemplar. One ninth-century hand added monograms Nota, another a note on French events in 841; on fol. 43 stands a students' song saec. XII–XIII.
","Written probably in Burgundy, in a region where 'Luxeuil' traditions were still alive at the end of the eighth century. Later the MS belonged to Cluny (cf. the press-mark saec. XVII on fol. 2 and the entry saec. XVIII on the inside of the front cover). It was first catalogued in the Bibliothèque Nationale as 'Suppl. Lat. 1114’.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1093.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1093.jpg 1094,762,Half-Uncial,"VI or VII",501,701,5,703a,"Written probably in South France to judge from the history of the text and the close relation to the [following item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1095). Later degraded to binding material. The manuscript belonged to St-Germain-des-Prés where it was numbered 655.2. The leaves were thoroughly studied by the scholarly authors of the Nouveau Traité. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici (Lex Romana Visigothorum, fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 65243",,"p. 9",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90658253,"Script is a rather big half-uncial of an advanced type: open **a** is formed of two c's; the tongue of **e** stands almost in the middle and the eye is open. This practically undecipherable papyrus contains on p. 9 the Interpretatio of Brev. 2.16.3 and apparently the text on p. 5 is from Brev. 3.5.5. Off-sets from other leaves add to the difficulty of deciphering the papyrus.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1094,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1094,"Script is a rather big half-uncial of an advanced type: open a is formed of two c's; the tongue of e stands almost in the middle and the eye is open. This practically undecipherable papyrus contains on p. 9 the Interpretatio of Brev. 2.16.3 and apparently the text on p. 5 is from Brev. 3.5.5. Off-sets from other leaves add to the difficulty of deciphering the papyrus.
","Written probably in South France to judge from the history of the text and the close relation to the following item. Later degraded to binding material. The manuscript belonged to St-Germain-des-Prés where it was numbered 655.2. The leaves were thoroughly studied by the scholarly authors of the Nouveau Traité. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1094.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1094.jpg 1095,763,Cursive,"VI or VII",501,600,5,703b,"Written probably in South France, in the region which produced the [Avitus codex](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/937), to judge from paleographical similarity. For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1094).",,,,"Excerpta Moralia ex Vetere Testamento (Vulgata) (fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 66866",,"p. 10",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90658253,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule recalling the type seen in the Avitus papyrus (CLA [5.573](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/937)) but somewhat more advanced. The decipherable text contains Exod. 23.1–8 and Levit. 18.8–9; verses are numbered, the numerals XXXV to XL are visible.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1095,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1095,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule recalling the type seen in the Avitus papyrus (CLA 5.573) but somewhat more advanced. The decipherable text contains Exod. 23.1–8 and Levit. 18.8–9; verses are numbered, the numerals XXXV to XL are visible.
","Written probably in South France, in the region which produced the Avitus codex, to judge from paleographical similarity. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/5/1095.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/5/1095.jpg 1096,859,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,6,**173,"Written in Burgundy, to all appearances in the scriptorium of Luxeuil. The manuscript may be identified with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus' from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. Destroyed in 1944.",,,,"Augustinus, Homiliae (190); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae; Epiphanius, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66277",,"Image from the verso of the Metz leaf",,,"Script is French pre-Caroline minuscule of the type designated as Luxeuil. For other details see under [London](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/488).","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.",,,8,,488,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1096,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1096,"Script is French pre-Caroline minuscule of the type designated as Luxeuil. For other details see under London.
","Written in Burgundy, to all appearances in the scriptorium of Luxeuil. The manuscript may be identified with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus' from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. Destroyed in 1944.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1096.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1096.jpg 1097,865,Uncial,VII,601,700,6,**342,"Written in Italy, doubtless in the North. Provenance Bobbio: the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber sancti Columbani de Bobio' stands on fol. 1v of the main manuscript. Bought for the library of Nancy by Beaupré (†1879), a member of the library committee.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Orationes (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66442",,"Image from the recto and verso of the Nancy leaf",,,"Script is a large rather gauche uncial in which letters are poorly joined and do not stand on the ruled line: the bow of **A** is roundish; the upper loop of **B** is small and triangular; the tail of **G** sweeps down to the left; the middle stroke of **N** is thin and joins the second upright well above the base-line. For other details see CLA [3.**342](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/678).","Three folios survive: one at Nancy and two, a bifolium, at Milan (7 folios, fly-leaves in Turin manuscripts, perished in 1904; the front and back fly-leaves of Milan I. 6 sup., treated in CLA [3.349](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/687), may belong here too); the Nancy leaf is folded in two and forms the front fly-leaves numbered A, B in a manuscript of 95 folios containing Latin grammarians in minuscule saec. IX (the back fly-leaves numbered C, D are fragments of a Computus in Irish minuscule saec. IX); cut down to 220 × 170 mm. ⟨177×ca. 153 mm.⟩ in 21 long lines.",,,,,678,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1097,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1097,"Script is a large rather gauche uncial in which letters are poorly joined and do not stand on the ruled line: the bow of A is roundish; the upper loop of B is small and triangular; the tail of G sweeps down to the left; the middle stroke of N is thin and joins the second upright well above the base-line. For other details see CLA 3.**342.
","Written in Italy, doubtless in the North. Provenance Bobbio: the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Liber sancti Columbani de Bobio' stands on fol. 1v of the main manuscript. Bought for the library of Nancy by Beaupré (†1879), a member of the library committee.
","Three folios survive: one at Nancy and two, a bifolium, at Milan (7 folios, fly-leaves in Turin manuscripts, perished in 1904; the front and back fly-leaves of Milan I. 6 sup., treated in CLA 3.349, may belong here too); the Nancy leaf is folded in two and forms the front fly-leaves numbered A, B in a manuscript of 95 folios containing Latin grammarians in minuscule saec. IX (the back fly-leaves numbered C, D are fragments of a Computus in Irish minuscule saec. IX); cut down to 220 × 170 mm. ⟨177×ca. 153 mm.⟩ in 21 long lines.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1097.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1097.jpg 1098,796,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,6,**669,"Written presumably at Corbie. MS Lat. 17451 comes from St Corneille of Compiègne. The provenance of the other leaves is unknown. The Bordeaux bifolium has been missing for some years.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (45, 72–73).",Parchment,,,"TM 66837",,"Image from Bordeaux fol. 2v",,,"Script is expert Corbie a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of this type. For other details see CLA [5.669](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1054).",,,,5,9,1054,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1098,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1098,"Script is expert Corbie a-b minuscule with all the characteristics of this type. For other details see CLA 5.669.
","Written presumably at Corbie. MS Lat. 17451 comes from St Corneille of Compiègne. The provenance of the other leaves is unknown. The Bordeaux bifolium has been missing for some years.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1098.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1098.jpg 1099,764,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,6,704,"Member of the Ada-Group (see CLA [2.198](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/515), [5.681](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067)). Angilbert, abbot of St Riquier (790–814), makes mention of an evangelary in golden letters presented by Charlemagne. A golden Gospel is included in the inventory of the abbey's treasures made in 831. The manuscript was seen at St Riquier in the eighteenth century by Dom Martène and Dom Grenier.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Evangeliarium Aureum Purpureum. Abbeville Golden Gospels. St Riquier Gospel Book.",,"TM 66872",,"foll. 67v and 189v ",,,"Script is a careful artificial uncial with many serifs; the Rustic form of **E** and **M** occurs to save space, and minuscule is used to finish the last line of fol. 75. Well-formed early Caroline minuscule is used at the end of the volume for the 'Breviarium Lectionum Evangelii Anni Circuli’ (foll. 189v–198); this portion is also in gold but not on purple vellum; the headings are red or green and the abbreviations used are b:, b;, q:, q· = bus, que; ÷ and ē = est; r' = rum; ꞇ' = tur; urm = uestrum.","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3 p.158, 174, 176f. ☛Bischoff, Schrift des Quedlinburger Evangeliars p. 29. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 8. ☛P. McGurk, Gospel Books no. 45.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1099,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1099,"Script is a careful artificial uncial with many serifs; the Rustic form of E and M occurs to save space, and minuscule is used to finish the last line of fol. 75. Well-formed early Caroline minuscule is used at the end of the volume for the 'Breviarium Lectionum Evangelii Anni Circuli’ (foll. 189v–198); this portion is also in gold but not on purple vellum; the headings are red or green and the abbreviations used are b:, b;, q:, q· = bus, que; ÷ and ē = est; r' = rum; ꞇ' = tur; urm = uestrum.
","Member of the Ada-Group (see CLA 2.198, 5.681). Angilbert, abbot of St Riquier (790–814), makes mention of an evangelary in golden letters presented by Charlemagne. A golden Gospel is included in the inventory of the abbey's treasures made in 831. The manuscript was seen at St Riquier in the eighteenth century by Dom Martène and Dom Grenier.
","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3 p.158, 174, 176f. ☛Bischoff, Schrift des Quedlinburger Evangeliars p. 29. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 8. ☛P. McGurk, Gospel Books no. 45.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1099.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1099.jpg 1100,765,"Visigothic Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,6,705,"Written in Spain or Septimania. Comes from the cathedral of Albi: the entry 'ex libris capituli Ecclesie Albiensis' in a modern hand is seen on the front fly-leaf.",,,,"Ps- Cicero, Synonyma; Eucherius, Glossae spirituales; Gennadius, Opus incertum?; Ps- Isidorus, De Proprietate Sermonum (foll. 32–47).",Parchment,,,"TM 66873",,"fol. 24 ",,,"Script is an early, rather loose Visigothic minuscule by several hands: **d** has two forms; ligatures are freely used, especially with **e** and **t**; the form of **L** in numerals is noteworthy. A marginal note in Caroline minuscule saec. X on fol. 39v: 'Deus agminorum intercessor sis pro servo tuo Theud . . .'.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1100,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1100,"Script is an early, rather loose Visigothic minuscule by several hands: d has two forms; ligatures are freely used, especially with e and t; the form of L in numerals is noteworthy. A marginal note in Caroline minuscule saec. X on fol. 39v: 'Deus agminorum intercessor sis pro servo tuo Theud . . .'.
","Written in Spain or Septimania. Comes from the cathedral of Albi: the entry 'ex libris capituli Ecclesie Albiensis' in a modern hand is seen on the front fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1100.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1100.jpg 1101,766,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,6,706,"Written most likely in Southern France. Provenance the cathedral of Albi: the entry in a modern hand 'ex libris venerabilis capituli ecclesie Albiensis' is seen on the front fly-leaf.",,,,"Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus; Ps- Gregorius, Interpretationes Mysticae Evangeliorum; Isidorus, Allegoriae Scripture Sacrae, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66874",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a firm, rather uncomely minuscule: **a** has the form of two contiguous c's; uncial **Ꝺ**, **G**, and **R** occur; the back of **e** has a small protuberance; **r** goes well below the line; **t** has two forms; **y** goes below the line and is undotted; ascenders and descenders are strikingly long. A contemporary Caroline hand wrote ten lines on fol. 127v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1101,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1101,"Script is a firm, rather uncomely minuscule: a has the form of two contiguous c's; uncial Ꝺ, G, and R occur; the back of e has a small protuberance; r goes well below the line; t has two forms; y goes below the line and is undotted; ascenders and descenders are strikingly long. A contemporary Caroline hand wrote ten lines on fol. 127v.
","Written most likely in Southern France. Provenance the cathedral of Albi: the entry in a modern hand 'ex libris venerabilis capituli ecclesie Albiensis' is seen on the front fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1101.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1101.jpg 1102,767,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII² (ante 781)",751,780,6,707,"Written at Corbie, at the order of abbot Maurdramn (772–781). The series of volumes probably comprised the entire Bible: it was begun on a magnificent scale with the Pentateuch, but was reduced in size in subsequent volumes. The inscription at the end of Maccabees (MS 11, fol. 96) reads: EGO MAURDRAMNUS ABBAS PROPTER DEI AMOREM ET PROPTER COMPENDIUM LEGENTIUM HOC VOLUMEN FIERI IUSSI. QUICUMQUE HUNC LIBRUM LEGERIT DOMINI MISERICORDIAM PRO ME EXORET. The ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeiae sancti Adalardi' (saec. IX–X) and 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeiae' (saec. XII) are seen on fol. 1 of MS 7. In the eighteenth century the Amiens volumes were numbered 64, 166, 151, 155, 165 respectively. The Paris fragments came to the Bibliothèque Nationale by way of St Germain des Prés.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Testamentum Vetus.",Parchment,"Maurdramnus Bible.",,"TM 66875",,"Image from Amiens MS. 6, fol. 219v and MS. 11, foll. 29 and 37",,,"Script is excellent, fully developed Caroline minuscule of a distinct type named after the patron of this Bible: typical are **f**, **r**, **s** with the knob-like fore-stroke and the **s** going below the line; ascenders are club-shaped and descenders are strikingly firm; **a** is the rule, oc-**a** the exception; **N** occurs here and there. Prefaces and Capitula are in smaller script, in which ligatures are more frequent, especially at line-ends. An entry in Notae Tironianae in MS 12, fol. 109v, reads: 'incipit liber iesu filii sirac'. A hymn to St Andrew in a tenth-century hand is seen in MS 9, fol. 132v.","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 132.",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1102,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102,"Script is excellent, fully developed Caroline minuscule of a distinct type named after the patron of this Bible: typical are f, r, s with the knob-like fore-stroke and the s going below the line; ascenders are club-shaped and descenders are strikingly firm; a is the rule, oc-a the exception; N occurs here and there. Prefaces and Capitula are in smaller script, in which ligatures are more frequent, especially at line-ends. An entry in Notae Tironianae in MS 12, fol. 109v, reads: 'incipit liber iesu filii sirac'. A hymn to St Andrew in a tenth-century hand is seen in MS 9, fol. 132v.
","Written at Corbie, at the order of abbot Maurdramn (772–781). The series of volumes probably comprised the entire Bible: it was begun on a magnificent scale with the Pentateuch, but was reduced in size in subsequent volumes. The inscription at the end of Maccabees (MS 11, fol. 96) reads: EGO MAURDRAMNUS ABBAS PROPTER DEI AMOREM ET PROPTER COMPENDIUM LEGENTIUM HOC VOLUMEN FIERI IUSSI. QUICUMQUE HUNC LIBRUM LEGERIT DOMINI MISERICORDIAM PRO ME EXORET. The ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeiae sancti Adalardi' (saec. IX–X) and 'Liber sancti Petri Corbeiae' (saec. XII) are seen on fol. 1 of MS 7. In the eighteenth century the Amiens volumes were numbered 64, 166, 151, 155, 165 respectively. The Paris fragments came to the Bibliothèque Nationale by way of St Germain des Prés.
","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 132.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1102.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1102.jpg 1103,768,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,6,708,"Written probably in France. Provenance Corbie, where it was certainly preserved in the twelfth century, since the Amiens leaf served as a fly-leaf of part of the Maurdramnus Bible and the title of this part in mixed uncial is of the end of the twelfth century (fol. 1v). The eighteenth-century Corbie ex-libris and the number 165 are found on fol. 2 of the Amiens manuscript.",,,,"Vitae Patrum (Vita S Abrahae Heremitae); Ephraim Syrus, Paraenesis; Ps- Ephraim Syrus, Sermo Asceticus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66202",,"Image from Paris, Lat. 10399, fol. 2v",,,"Script is a heavy type of half-uncial: **a** is open; **G**, **M**, and **N** are regularly uncial, uncial **E** and **F** nearly so; the middle stroke of **N** is low and somewhat curved; the shoulder of **r** is markedly sickle-shaped; uncial **E** with cedilla is used. For other details see Vatic. Regin. Lat. 329 in CLA [1.**(p.32)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/120).","☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p.320.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1103,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1103,"Script is a heavy type of half-uncial: a is open; G, M, and N are regularly uncial, uncial E and F nearly so; the middle stroke of N is low and somewhat curved; the shoulder of r is markedly sickle-shaped; uncial E with cedilla is used. For other details see Vatic. Regin. Lat. 329 in CLA 1.**(p.32).
","Written probably in France. Provenance Corbie, where it was certainly preserved in the twelfth century, since the Amiens leaf served as a fly-leaf of part of the Maurdramnus Bible and the title of this part in mixed uncial is of the end of the twelfth century (fol. 1v). The eighteenth-century Corbie ex-libris and the number 165 are found on fol. 2 of the Amiens manuscript.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p.320.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1103.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1103.jpg 1104,769,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,709,"Written at Corbie. Provenance Corbie, whose eighteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of Vol. 1 and on fol. 2 of Vol. 2. Former press-marks were 50 F and 51 F.",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum (Vetus Latina); Theodorus Of Mopsuestia, Commentarius in Paulum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66876",,"fol. 85 of MS. 88",,,"Script is late Maurdramn type by several hands: open **a** and **N** are used by some scribes. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 112, 115, 205 of Vol. 1. Probationes pennae saec. X on fol. A of Vol. 2. The title on fol. 1 of MS 88 is in precisely the same script and wording as the title on the fly-leaf in Paris Lat. 12226 (cf. CLA [5.637](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1013)). Mid-ninth-century entries in Corbie script at the end and beginning of certain quires (e.g. 'pars prima' and 'P II' in MS 87, fol. 48v and 'pars secunda. deodoino' on fol. 49, and 'pars finai' in MS 88, fol. 134) show that the manuscript was distributed for copying by quires among several ninth-century scribes.","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 45; 73; 134. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 34.",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1104,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1104,"Script is late Maurdramn type by several hands: open a and N are used by some scribes. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 112, 115, 205 of Vol. 1. Probationes pennae saec. X on fol. A of Vol. 2. The title on fol. 1 of MS 88 is in precisely the same script and wording as the title on the fly-leaf in Paris Lat. 12226 (cf. CLA 5.637). Mid-ninth-century entries in Corbie script at the end and beginning of certain quires (e.g. 'pars prima' and 'P II' in MS 87, fol. 48v and 'pars secunda. deodoino' on fol. 49, and 'pars finai' in MS 88, fol. 134) show that the manuscript was distributed for copying by quires among several ninth-century scribes.
","Written at Corbie. Provenance Corbie, whose eighteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of Vol. 1 and on fol. 2 of Vol. 2. Former press-marks were 50 F and 51 F.
","☛Ganz, Corbie p. 45; 73; 134. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 34.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1104.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1104.jpg 1105,770,"Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,710,"Written at Corbie. The manuscript still bears the eighteenth century Corbie ex-libris and the ancient number 193 A.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66877",,"fol. 26v ",,,"Script is a good example of the developed Maurdramn type: **a** has two forms; the lower left limb of **x** is a thin vertical descender; **y** is short and dotted. Liturgical entries saec. IX and X are added on foll. 12–13 and 91v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 35. ",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1105,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1105,"Script is a good example of the developed Maurdramn type: a has two forms; the lower left limb of x is a thin vertical descender; y is short and dotted. Liturgical entries saec. IX and X are added on foll. 12–13 and 91v.
","Written at Corbie. The manuscript still bears the eighteenth century Corbie ex-libris and the ancient number 193 A.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1105.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1105.jpg 1110,771,"eN-type, Pre-Caroline, and Caroline Minuscule","VIII² et VIII ex",751,800,6,711,"Written doubtless in North-east France, most likely at Corbie, to judge by the types of script displayed in the manuscript. Provenance Corbie: the ex-libris saec. XII stands on foll. 2 and 149. Was numbered 171 in the eighteenth century.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Opus incertum?; Paterius, Liber Testimoniorum Veteris Testamenti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66878",,"foll. 7, 8, 30, 46, 104",,,"Script, by various hands, is 'eN-type' on foll. 2–3, 8–17, 96–103v, the same type bordering on half-uncial on foll. 4–7v, 18–25v, pre-Caroline minuscule on foll. 26–33 recalling MS Boulogne 42 (CLA [5.736](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141)), and early Caroline minuscule on foll. 34–87 and 90–93 recalling the script of Paris Lat. 13396 (CLA [5.661](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1043)): **a** is the rule and open **a** the exception. Work on the manuscript was apparently interrupted in the middle of fol. 103; the continuation is by a somewhat later hand of the Maurdramnus variety which also seems to have replaced the bifolium 88/95.","☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften und ihre Heimat, p. 306. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 11.",,,,14,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1110,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1110,"Script, by various hands, is 'eN-type' on foll. 2–3, 8–17, 96–103v, the same type bordering on half-uncial on foll. 4–7v, 18–25v, pre-Caroline minuscule on foll. 26–33 recalling MS Boulogne 42 (CLA 5.736), and early Caroline minuscule on foll. 34–87 and 90–93 recalling the script of Paris Lat. 13396 (CLA 5.661): a is the rule and open a the exception. Work on the manuscript was apparently interrupted in the middle of fol. 103; the continuation is by a somewhat later hand of the Maurdramnus variety which also seems to have replaced the bifolium 88/95.
","Written doubtless in North-east France, most likely at Corbie, to judge by the types of script displayed in the manuscript. Provenance Corbie: the ex-libris saec. XII stands on foll. 2 and 149. Was numbered 171 in the eighteenth century.
","☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften und ihre Heimat, p. 306. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 11.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1110.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1110.jpg 1111,772,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,712,"Written presumably at Corbie. The eighteenth-century Corbie ex-libris and the press-mark 'ms. 190' stand on fol. 1.",,,,"Phocas, Ars Grammatica (fragm.); Ars Ambianensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66879",,"fol. 16 ",,,"Script is Maurdramn minuscule of a less stately type with numerous ligatures: **y** is short and dotted; **ti** ligature occurs for both assibilated and unassibilated sound. The Nota Tironiana for 'explicit' is seen on fol. 18v.","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 60; MAS 3 p. 11, 215, 220, 244. ☛Bischoff, Sammelhandschrift Diez. B Sant. 66. p.31 note. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 41.",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1111,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1111,"Script is Maurdramn minuscule of a less stately type with numerous ligatures: y is short and dotted; ti ligature occurs for both assibilated and unassibilated sound. The Nota Tironiana for 'explicit' is seen on fol. 18v.
","Written presumably at Corbie. The eighteenth-century Corbie ex-libris and the press-mark 'ms. 190' stand on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 60; MAS 3 p. 11, 215, 220, 244. ☛Bischoff, Sammelhandschrift Diez. B Sant. 66. p.31 note. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 41.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1111.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1111.jpg 1112,773,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,713,"Written presumably in Northern France in the centre which produced [Einsiedeln 191 (277)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1327) containing the same collection of Canons; the two manuscripts agree in size, colour of decoration and other palaeographical features including the perculiar form of z. Provenance the abbey of St Vaast at Arras: the press-mark 'Bibliothecae Monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebatensis. 1628' stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Quesnelliana.",Parchment,,,"TM 66880",,"fol. 43",,,"Script is neat, careful, small Caroline minuscule by several hands: caroline **a** is the rule, open **a** the exception; the hasta of **e** at the end of words often turns up; **z** has two forms, one descends below the line and is crossed by a horizontal bar, the other has the first and last stroke crescent-shaped; ligatures **nt**, **ta**, **ti**, **tr** occur; the hand on foll. 109v–113v recalls St Amand minuscule. Uncial headings often have **b** minuscule; the tail of **G** frequently turns to the right; capital **Q** recalls the numeral 2. Contemporary corrections in olive-grey ink (foll. 47, etc.). Numerous corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule; extensive additions saec. IX on foll. 212v–213v. Notae Tironianae passim.","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 83; MAS 3 p. 14. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften und ihre Heimat, p. 306. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 88.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1112,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1112,"Script is neat, careful, small Caroline minuscule by several hands: caroline a is the rule, open a the exception; the hasta of e at the end of words often turns up; z has two forms, one descends below the line and is crossed by a horizontal bar, the other has the first and last stroke crescent-shaped; ligatures nt, ta, ti, tr occur; the hand on foll. 109v–113v recalls St Amand minuscule. Uncial headings often have b minuscule; the tail of G frequently turns to the right; capital Q recalls the numeral 2. Contemporary corrections in olive-grey ink (foll. 47, etc.). Numerous corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule; extensive additions saec. IX on foll. 212v–213v. Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written presumably in Northern France in the centre which produced Einsiedeln 191 (277) containing the same collection of Canons; the two manuscripts agree in size, colour of decoration and other palaeographical features including the perculiar form of z. Provenance the abbey of St Vaast at Arras: the press-mark 'Bibliothecae Monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebatensis. 1628' stands on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 83; MAS 3 p. 14. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften und ihre Heimat, p. 306. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 88.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1112.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1112.jpg 1114,774,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,6,714,"Written in England. Belonged to the Abbey of St Vaast at Arras: the 1628 ex-libris 'Bibliotheca monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebatensis 1628' stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum, De Ortu et Obitu Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66881",,"foll. 135v and 164",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with s frequent, partly rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **z** has the prancing form, contiguous **aꞇ** have a common head-line. Two Old-English glosses on fol. 174v: stuppa (hendu), capillis (her). The text, saec. XII, on fol. 163v, originally left blank, seems to be in cipher.","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 183.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1114,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1114,"Script, by more than one hand, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with s frequent, partly rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule: z has the prancing form, contiguous aꞇ have a common head-line. Two Old-English glosses on fol. 174v: stuppa (hendu), capillis (her). The text, saec. XII, on fol. 163v, originally left blank, seems to be in cipher.
","Written in England. Belonged to the Abbey of St Vaast at Arras: the 1628 ex-libris 'Bibliotheca monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebatensis 1628' stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 183.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1114.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1114.jpg 1115,775,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,715,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript was written presumably in the part of France in which it is still preserved. Belonged to the cathedral and later to the Seminary of Autun, whence it passed into the Municipal Library.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Dn, Is 43.28-66.24, Ier, Lam, Ez).",Parchment,,,"TM 66882",,"fol. 168v ",,,"Script is crude, pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** has two forms; one hand uses the Beneventan forms of **a** and **t**; another hand uses the top-heavy **g** found in Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 203 (CLA [5.676](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1062)); **i**-longa extends below the line; **y** is short and dotted; the ligature **ti** occurs for hard ti; noteworthy is the occasional intrusion of uncial **B**, **G**, **N**, **R**, and **S**. A few liturgical entries saec. VIII–IX have the Visigothic form of **G**. A Nota Tironiana on fol. 168v. A list of rents of the church of Autun (saec. XI) is entered on the strip of parchment between foll. 3 and 4.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII med.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1115,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1115,"Script is crude, pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: a has two forms; one hand uses the Beneventan forms of a and t; another hand uses the top-heavy g found in Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 203 (CLA 5.676); i-longa extends below the line; y is short and dotted; the ligature ti occurs for hard ti; noteworthy is the occasional intrusion of uncial B, G, N, R, and S. A few liturgical entries saec. VIII–IX have the Visigothic form of G. A Nota Tironiana on fol. 168v. A list of rents of the church of Autun (saec. XI) is entered on the strip of parchment between foll. 3 and 4.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript was written presumably in the part of France in which it is still preserved. Belonged to the cathedral and later to the Seminary of Autun, whence it passed into the Municipal Library.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII med.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1115.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1115.jpg 1116,776,"Uncial and Minuscule","VIII med ",754,755,6,716,"Written at Vosevio in a place still to be identified. Palaeographical considerations suggest Burgundian origin. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia cum 'Expositionibus' (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Gundohinus Gospels.",,"TM 66883",,"fol. 104 ",,,"Script of the Gospel text is a broad, bold uncial by an inexpert scribe with a poor sense of spacing: the bow of uncial **A** is horizontal; the stem of **ꝺ** is longish; **N** has an almost horizontal cross-bar and a short second upright; the top of **T** regularly has a comma-like pendant on the left; V-shaped **U**, on the line, occurs at line-end. Minuscule is used for the intercalated 'Exposiciones' and the long colophon at the end: open **a** is shaped like two contiguous c's; the stem of **d** and **i**-longa descend below the line; **o** is often ꝺ-shaped; v-shaped **u** occurs frequently; ligatures of **et**, **ni**, **ri** passim. In a long and interesting subscription on fol. 186 the scribe Gundohinus explains how he was induced to copy the book for a certain matron Fausta, in honour of St John and St Mary, and how he finished it at 'Vosevio' during the third year of Pepin's reign (754).","☛L. Nees, *The Gundohinus Gospels*, Medieval Academy Books 95, Cambridge, Mass., Medieval Academy of America, 1987. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 46. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 37](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/057_tav037.pdf). ☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 15, 23, 25.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1116,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1116,"Script of the Gospel text is a broad, bold uncial by an inexpert scribe with a poor sense of spacing: the bow of uncial A is horizontal; the stem of ꝺ is longish; N has an almost horizontal cross-bar and a short second upright; the top of T regularly has a comma-like pendant on the left; V-shaped U, on the line, occurs at line-end. Minuscule is used for the intercalated 'Exposiciones' and the long colophon at the end: open a is shaped like two contiguous c's; the stem of d and i-longa descend below the line; o is often ꝺ-shaped; v-shaped u occurs frequently; ligatures of et, ni, ri passim. In a long and interesting subscription on fol. 186 the scribe Gundohinus explains how he was induced to copy the book for a certain matron Fausta, in honour of St John and St Mary, and how he finished it at 'Vosevio' during the third year of Pepin's reign (754).
","Written at Vosevio in a place still to be identified. Palaeographical considerations suggest Burgundian origin. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.
","☛L. Nees, The Gundohinus Gospels, Medieval Academy Books 95, Cambridge, Mass., Medieval Academy of America, 1987. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 46. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 37. ☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 15, 23, 25.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1116.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1116.jpg 1118,777,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,6,717a,"Written possibly at Flavigny. The Flavigny ex-libris, on fol. 115 in Rustic capitals (saec. IX–X), with letters alternating between the right margin and the intercolumnar space, reads: 'LIBER SANCTI PETRI FLAUINIACENSIS'. Belonged later to the cathedral of Autun, then to the Autun Seminary where Libri dismembered it. The Paris part stolen by him (No. 16 in his collection) was bought by Lord Ashburnham, from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it in 1888.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Flavigny Gospels.",,"TM 66884",,"fol. 94v ",,,"Script is a bold artificial uncial: the form of **B** is curious with the lower bow open and hook-shaped; **LL** run together; **NT**-ligature formed by a small **T** placed over the second upright of **N** is used frequently. In the lower margin of fol. 123 is the entry 'ELDRADUS', in hollow capitals written upside down. Neumes added over entire passages (foll. 25–25v, 78, etc.) are, according to Dom Beyssac, of the Dijon type. Binding is ancient.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1118,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1118,"Script is a bold artificial uncial: the form of B is curious with the lower bow open and hook-shaped; LL run together; NT-ligature formed by a small T placed over the second upright of N is used frequently. In the lower margin of fol. 123 is the entry 'ELDRADUS', in hollow capitals written upside down. Neumes added over entire passages (foll. 25–25v, 78, etc.) are, according to Dom Beyssac, of the Dijon type. Binding is ancient.
","Written possibly at Flavigny. The Flavigny ex-libris, on fol. 115 in Rustic capitals (saec. IX–X), with letters alternating between the right margin and the intercolumnar space, reads: 'LIBER SANCTI PETRI FLAUINIACENSIS'. Belonged later to the cathedral of Autun, then to the Autun Seminary where Libri dismembered it. The Paris part stolen by him (No. 16 in his collection) was bought by Lord Ashburnham, from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired it in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1118.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1118.jpg 1119,778,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,6,717b,"Written presumably at Flavigny, in order to complete the slightly earlier uncial manuscript described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/777).",,47.5068,4.5245,"Canones, praefationes et capitula Evangeliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66885",,"fol. 18 ",,,"Script is a carefully written, characteristic pre-Caroline minuscule by one hand: open **a** is like two consecutive c's; the stem of **h** often bends backwards; the top of **t** frequently descends in a loop to the left; **i** after **ꞇ** goes well below the line.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII–IX. ☛Bischoff, [Frühkarolingische Handschriften](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1968_num_22_2_3344), p. 307. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1119,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1119,"Script is a carefully written, characteristic pre-Caroline minuscule by one hand: open a is like two consecutive c's; the stem of h often bends backwards; the top of t frequently descends in a loop to the left; i after ꞇ goes well below the line.
","Written presumably at Flavigny, in order to complete the slightly earlier uncial manuscript described in the preceding item.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII–IX. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften, p. 307. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1119.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1119.jpg 1121,779,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,718,"Written presumably in Burgundy to judge by the script. The Spanish symptoms suggest that the exemplar was Visigothic. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66886",,"fol. 56 ",,,"Script, by various hands, illustrates the tentative stage of early minuscule: **a** and **d** have two forms; **g** in the pre-Caroline part is noteworthy; the same hand, seen on foll. 19, 19v, 56, and 78, uses a form of **r** with the shoulder extending over the next letter and a **z** with the oblique middle-stroke transected; the triangular form of **A** with the base on the line occurs here and there as a capital—it is found in several Autun and Lyon manuscripts and seems a feature of early Burgundian minuscule. A tenth-century entry on fol. 60 reads 'Rodmundus'; the entry on fol. 114 in littera filiformis seems to repeat the same name followed by 'abba'. Neumes occur on several pages (foll. 23, etc.).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1121,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1121,"Script, by various hands, illustrates the tentative stage of early minuscule: a and d have two forms; g in the pre-Caroline part is noteworthy; the same hand, seen on foll. 19, 19v, 56, and 78, uses a form of r with the shoulder extending over the next letter and a z with the oblique middle-stroke transected; the triangular form of A with the base on the line occurs here and there as a capital—it is found in several Autun and Lyon manuscripts and seems a feature of early Burgundian minuscule. A tenth-century entry on fol. 60 reads 'Rodmundus'; the entry on fol. 114 in littera filiformis seems to repeat the same name followed by 'abba'. Neumes occur on several pages (foll. 23, etc.).
","Written presumably in Burgundy to judge by the script. The Spanish symptoms suggest that the exemplar was Visigothic. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1121.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1121.jpg 1122,780,"B-type Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,6,719,"Written probably in North-east France in the region that produced the celebrated Gelasian Sacramentary in the Vatican (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118) and CLA 5, p. 15). Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi; Augustinus, Enchiridium ad Laurentium.",Parchment,,,"TM 66887",,"Image from the opening, foll. 150v-151",,,"Script is a good example of a distinct type whose characteristic feature is the open **b** with a tag to the right, described in CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118) and [5.558](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/918): in this manuscript the tag is absent when the **b** is not joined to the following letter; **a** has two forms: one resembles two c's or contiguous oc; in the other, sometimes suprascript, the first stroke turns up to the left; the form of a characteristic of the Corbie a-b type also occurs; noteworthy are **h** with its shaft markedly bent to the left and **o** resembling small uncial **ꝺ**; other features confirm an unmistakable kinship to the a-b type. The majuscule and the uncial used in the colophons and title are of a distinct type seen in several other manuscripts (CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118), [5.567](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929), and [594](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/961)).","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 31.",,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1122,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1122,"Script is a good example of a distinct type whose characteristic feature is the open b with a tag to the right, described in CLA 1.105 and 5.558: in this manuscript the tag is absent when the b is not joined to the following letter; a has two forms: one resembles two c's or contiguous oc; in the other, sometimes suprascript, the first stroke turns up to the left; the form of a characteristic of the Corbie a-b type also occurs; noteworthy are h with its shaft markedly bent to the left and o resembling small uncial ꝺ; other features confirm an unmistakable kinship to the a-b type. The majuscule and the uncial used in the colophons and title are of a distinct type seen in several other manuscripts (CLA 1.105, 5.567, and 594).
","Written probably in North-east France in the region that produced the celebrated Gelasian Sacramentary in the Vatican (CLA 1.105 and CLA 5, p. 15). Provenance the Cathedral of Autun.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 31.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1122.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1122.jpg 1123,781,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,720,"Written at Favigny: the ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Flaviniacensis ce[nobii]' in minuscule of the text stands on fol. 204v of Troyes 657. The Autun part belonged to the cathedral and then to the Seminary of Autun. The Troyes part was acquired by President Bouhier, a Dijon collector, whose arms and the date 1721 are seen on fol. A. His library was bought by the monastery of Clairvaux (Aube) and passed into the possession of the city of Troyes during the Revolution.",,,,"Eugenius Toletanus, Hymnus de Dedicatione Ecclesiae; Cassiodorus, Commentarius in Psalmos (Ps 101–150).",Parchment,,,"TM 66888",,"Image from foll. 28 and 93v of Autun 20 A",,,"Script is by several hands, some clearly Burgundian, some approaching Caroline minuscule: open **a** is the rule, **a** occurs only at line-end; **ꝺ** and **N** not infrequent; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left, a Burgundian feature; ligatures of **ri**, **ro**, **te**, and **ti** occur passim. Capital **H** with the arched middle stroke often seen in 'Corbie' a-b manuscripts is used here and there. A sketch of a man playing the heptachord has been added by a tenth-century hand in the upper margin of fol. 99v in Troyes 657.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII ex. ☛Bischoff, [Frühkarolingische Handschriften](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1968_num_22_2_3344), p. 307. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1123,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1123,"Script is by several hands, some clearly Burgundian, some approaching Caroline minuscule: open a is the rule, a occurs only at line-end; ꝺ and N not infrequent; the shaft of h often bends to the left, a Burgundian feature; ligatures of ri, ro, te, and ti occur passim. Capital H with the arched middle stroke often seen in 'Corbie' a-b manuscripts is used here and there. A sketch of a man playing the heptachord has been added by a tenth-century hand in the upper margin of fol. 99v in Troyes 657.
","Written at Favigny: the ex-libris 'Liber sancti Petri Flaviniacensis ce[nobii]' in minuscule of the text stands on fol. 204v of Troyes 657. The Autun part belonged to the cathedral and then to the Seminary of Autun. The Troyes part was acquired by President Bouhier, a Dijon collector, whose arms and the date 1721 are seen on fol. A. His library was bought by the monastery of Clairvaux (Aube) and passed into the possession of the city of Troyes during the Revolution.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII ex. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften, p. 307. ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1123.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1123.jpg 1124,782,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,721,"Written probably at Lyon while Leidrad was bishop (798–814) as is suggested by the fact that Burgundian and Bavarian scribes worked side by side; Leidrad, a native of Freising, apparently had scribes from Freising come to Lyon. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun, where the manuscript was seen by Dom Martène in 1707 (Voyage littéraire de deux religieux bénédictins, I, part 1, p. 155). The Paris part, stolen by Libri, was acquired by the Bibliotheque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (1–5, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66889",,"foll. 96v, 133v, 138v",,,"Script is in part an early minuscule of a distinct type akin to that of Flavigny: **a** resembles two contiguous c's; the shaft of **h** bends backwards; **ꞇ** has a closed loop to the left; ligatures with **e**, **f**, **r** are frequent, also **nt**, **ti**, **tr**; the hand of foll. 133 ff. strongly recalls South-east German script, that of fol. 138v the early script of Freising in Bavaria; the last quires (foll. 143–174) are in a heavier careless hand making use of uncial **G** (foll. 135, 149v). On fol. 60v in the margin is a ninth-century entry of the name 'teotgrimus'.","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 101. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1, no. 157.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1124,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1124,"Script is in part an early minuscule of a distinct type akin to that of Flavigny: a resembles two contiguous c's; the shaft of h bends backwards; ꞇ has a closed loop to the left; ligatures with e, f, r are frequent, also nt, ti, tr; the hand of foll. 133 ff. strongly recalls South-east German script, that of fol. 138v the early script of Freising in Bavaria; the last quires (foll. 143–174) are in a heavier careless hand making use of uncial G (foll. 135, 149v). On fol. 60v in the margin is a ninth-century entry of the name 'teotgrimus'.
","Written probably at Lyon while Leidrad was bishop (798–814) as is suggested by the fact that Burgundian and Bavarian scribes worked side by side; Leidrad, a native of Freising, apparently had scribes from Freising come to Lyon. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun, where the manuscript was seen by Dom Martène in 1707 (Voyage littéraire de deux religieux bénédictins, I, part 1, p. 155). The Paris part, stolen by Libri, was acquired by the Bibliotheque Nationale in 1888.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 101. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1, no. 157.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1124.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1124.jpg 1125,783,Uncial,V,401,500,6,722,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script; its Vulgate text stands in antiquity next only to the Codex Sangallensis in half-uncial. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1124)).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io) (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66890",,"fol. 107v ",,,"Script is expert uncial of the oldest type, by more than one hand: the bow of uncial **A** is small and somewhat pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is open; **F** and **P** go hardly below the line; the first stroke of uncial **M** is almost straight. Another hand wrote the summaries on fol. 10 of the Paris portion.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1125,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1125,"Script is expert uncial of the oldest type, by more than one hand: the bow of uncial A is small and somewhat pointed; the eye of uncial E is open; F and P go hardly below the line; the first stroke of uncial M is almost straight. Another hand wrote the summaries on fol. 10 of the Paris portion.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script; its Vulgate text stands in antiquity next only to the Codex Sangallensis in half-uncial. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun (see preceding item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1125.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1125.jpg 1126,784,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,723,"Written doubtless in Burgundy. Belonged to the cathedral and then to the Seminary of Autun, whence it passed into the Municipal Library.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae (1.10–3.71); Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Job et Homiliae (excerpta). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66891",,"foll. 34v, 96v",,,"Script is an early, careful minuscule of Burgundian type, by several hands: open **a** is the rule, **a** is confined to line-ends; **d** has two forms; **e** has a knob-like forestroke; **i**-longa, used initially and in **ti** ligature, goes below the line; **ꞇ** has the form seen in early Beneventan and Visigothic; the top stroke of **z** is c-shaped, the other two strokes sweep below the line; ascenders are unusually long; ligatures of **ri** and **ti** passim; a triangular capital **A** with the base resting on the line occurs here and there, a Burgundian feature. The Nota Tironiana for 'hic' occurs. The name 'MAIMBERTUS' is entered by a ninth-century hand in the margin of fol. 127v.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII. ☛Bischoff, [Frühkarolingische Handschriften](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1968_num_22_2_3344), p. 307 ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 158. ☛P. Cazier Corpus Christianorum 111 p. LXVIII-LXIX",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1126,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1126,"Script is an early, careful minuscule of Burgundian type, by several hands: open a is the rule, a is confined to line-ends; d has two forms; e has a knob-like forestroke; i-longa, used initially and in ti ligature, goes below the line; ꞇ has the form seen in early Beneventan and Visigothic; the top stroke of z is c-shaped, the other two strokes sweep below the line; ascenders are unusually long; ligatures of ri and ti passim; a triangular capital A with the base resting on the line occurs here and there, a Burgundian feature. The Nota Tironiana for 'hic' occurs. The name 'MAIMBERTUS' is entered by a ninth-century hand in the margin of fol. 127v.
","Written doubtless in Burgundy. Belonged to the cathedral and then to the Seminary of Autun, whence it passed into the Municipal Library.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VIII. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften, p. 307 ☛Bischoff, MAS 3, p. 19. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 158. ☛P. Cazier Corpus Christianorum 111 p. LXVIII-LXIX
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1126.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1126.jpg 1127,785,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,6,724,"Origin uncertain: a monastic community in Southern France seems probable. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun. Later in the seminary of the same city whence the Paris part was removed by Libri.",2,,,"Cassianus, Institutiones (5–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66892",,"foll. 60 and 117v",,,"Script is a rather uncomely half-uncial of an ancient type; the form of **a** is striking, the uncial form occurs in ligature **AE**; **G** is always uncial; **i**-longa is used medially for the semi-vocal sound (huius) and also initially; **i** descends below the line when preceded by **l** and has a tendency to rise above the line when preceded by **r** or **t**, a feature derived from early Roman cursive; **l** has the capital form; **a** and **o** often nestle within the bow of **c** and **l**; suprascript letters and the ligature **at** occur at line-ends; **nt** occurs even in mid-line; other ligatures with **n** are **nf**, **ns**. Greek words are well written and overlined. A marginal entry in minuscule on fol. 100, saec. VIII, reads: 'qui abitat in adgecturium altissimi in proteccionen (!) dei celis comorabitur' (Ps 90.1), and one on fol. 152, saec. IX, reads: 'Fortunus monachus bonus'; a responsorium on St Laurence, with accompanying neumes, saec. X, is seen on foll. 87v and 94v; other passages with neumes on foll. 63v and 64.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VII in. ☛Bischoff, MAS 2, p. 320.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1127,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1127,"Script is a rather uncomely half-uncial of an ancient type; the form of a is striking, the uncial form occurs in ligature AE; G is always uncial; i-longa is used medially for the semi-vocal sound (huius) and also initially; i descends below the line when preceded by l and has a tendency to rise above the line when preceded by r or t, a feature derived from early Roman cursive; l has the capital form; a and o often nestle within the bow of c and l; suprascript letters and the ligature at occur at line-ends; nt occurs even in mid-line; other ligatures with n are nf, ns. Greek words are well written and overlined. A marginal entry in minuscule on fol. 100, saec. VIII, reads: 'qui abitat in adgecturium altissimi in proteccionen (!) dei celis comorabitur' (Ps 90.1), and one on fol. 152, saec. IX, reads: 'Fortunus monachus bonus'; a responsorium on St Laurence, with accompanying neumes, saec. X, is seen on foll. 87v and 94v; other passages with neumes on foll. 63v and 64.
","Origin uncertain: a monastic community in Southern France seems probable. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun. Later in the seminary of the same city whence the Paris part was removed by Libri.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VII in. ☛Bischoff, MAS 2, p. 320.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1127.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1127.jpg 1129,786,Uncial,V,401,500,6,725,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Provenance the cathedral of Autun (see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1127)). ",3,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (8.228 ff.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66893",,"Image from the Paris manuscript, fol. 19v ",,,"Script is a small uncial: **N** has a broad form.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1129,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1129,"Script is a small uncial: N has a broad form.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Provenance the cathedral of Autun (see preceding item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1129.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1129.jpg 1130,787,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,6,726,"Written in Italy or Southern France. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun, see CLA [6.724](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1127).",,,,"Gaius, Institutiones (2.29–52, interpretatio).",Parchment,,,"TM 66894",,"fol. 108v ",,,"Script is a small, rather crude half-uncial of an early type: **c** and **e** often rise above the line; **i**-longa is used initially and after **r** and **t**; **N** is broad, the first stroke goes below the line and the oblique often sags; many ligatures with **e** and **t**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1130,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1130,"Script is a small, rather crude half-uncial of an early type: c and e often rise above the line; i-longa is used initially and after r and t; N is broad, the first stroke goes below the line and the oblique often sags; many ligatures with e and t.
","Written in Italy or Southern France. Provenance the Cathedral of Autun, see CLA 6.724.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1130.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1130.jpg 1131,788,"Visigothic Half-Uncial","VII ex",676,700,6,727a,"Written probably in Spain. Belonged to the Cathedral of Autun, later to the Grand Séminaire of the same city. The Paris leaves had been stolen by Libri and were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (Nm–Rg 4).",Parchment,,,"TM 66895",,"foll. 26v and 39v",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed half-uncial with letters inclined to the left: **d** has two forms; **g** has a squashed look; **i**-longa is used initially; ascenders and descenders are rather long, a feature of Visigothic calligraphy; the ligatures **nt** and **rt** with very tall **T** occur at line-end. A contemporary hand has added passim in the margin in sloping uncial the word 'replicatio' and other observations. Another uncial addition occurs in the Capitula on fol. 39v. Annotations in cipher appear on foll. 21, 21v, 22 of the Autun manuscript. Liturgical matter in an early Visigothic cursive is entered on foll. 16, 26v–27, 32v–33 in space originally left blank; other liturgical entries in Visigothic minuscule saec. VIII on foll. 32v–33 (after the earlier script had been washed off), 33v, 39, 39v.","☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p. 315.",,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1131,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1131,"Script is a somewhat compressed half-uncial with letters inclined to the left: d has two forms; g has a squashed look; i-longa is used initially; ascenders and descenders are rather long, a feature of Visigothic calligraphy; the ligatures nt and rt with very tall T occur at line-end. A contemporary hand has added passim in the margin in sloping uncial the word 'replicatio' and other observations. Another uncial addition occurs in the Capitula on fol. 39v. Annotations in cipher appear on foll. 21, 21v, 22 of the Autun manuscript. Liturgical matter in an early Visigothic cursive is entered on foll. 16, 26v–27, 32v–33 in space originally left blank; other liturgical entries in Visigothic minuscule saec. VIII on foll. 32v–33 (after the earlier script had been washed off), 33v, 39, 39v.
","Written probably in Spain. Belonged to the Cathedral of Autun, later to the Grand Séminaire of the same city. The Paris leaves had been stolen by Libri and were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p. 315.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1131.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1131.jpg 1132,789,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,727b,"Written apparently in Burgundy, to restore the manuscript described in the previous item. For provenance see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1131).",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (Ex, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66896",,"fol. 6 ",,,"Script is early minuscule of a distinct type used in Burgundy: **a** and **d** have two forms; **e** has a knob-like forestroke; the shaft of **h** occasionally leans to the left; **i** after **t** descends below the line; the top of **ꞇ** loops to the left. The name 'Rodulfus' in a ninth-century hand is entered on fol. 15v.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VII ex. ☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 179; MAS 3 p. 19. ☛Bischoff, [Frühkarolingische Handschriften](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1968_num_22_2_3344) p. 307. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 159",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1132,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1132,"Script is early minuscule of a distinct type used in Burgundy: a and d have two forms; e has a knob-like forestroke; the shaft of h occasionally leans to the left; i after t descends below the line; the top of ꞇ loops to the left. The name 'Rodulfus' in a ninth-century hand is entered on fol. 15v.
","Written apparently in Burgundy, to restore the manuscript described in the previous item. For provenance see preceding item.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VII ex. ☛Bischoff, MAS 1 p. 179; MAS 3 p. 19. ☛Bischoff, Frühkarolingische Handschriften p. 307. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 159
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1132.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1132.jpg 1133,790,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,6,728,"Written probably in Spain. For provenance see [proceeding items](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1132). The Paris part, stolen by Libri from the Grand Séminaire at Autun, was bought by Lord Ashburnham. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"'Isidorus Iunior', In Genesim (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66897",,"foll. 65 and 63 ",,,"Script is an early Visigothic minuscule: **d** has two forms; uncial **G** is the rule, half-uncial the exception (chiefly in the **gi** ligature); **i**-longa is used initially and semivocally; numerous ligatures, including **as** and **at** with suprascript **a**, **ed**, **eg**, **fi**, **rt** (resembling rx); the **ti** ligature is used, but no distinction is made between the soft and hard sounds of ti. Patristic excerpts in bold, expert, rapid Visigothic cursive with marked inclination to the left occur on fol. 63, originally left blank; they are by the hand which supplied the omission on fol. 63v: **a** is regularly Ɛ-shaped and rests on the line; the shafts of **b** and **l** are broken; **g** is squashed and rests on the line; ascenders and descenders are very long; most letters seem compressed; there is some resemblance to the script of Merovingian charters. A hand showing Insular influence supplied an omitted word in the margin of fol. 65. A probatio pennae saec. IX–X from Martial on fol. 76.",,,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1133,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1133,"Script is an early Visigothic minuscule: d has two forms; uncial G is the rule, half-uncial the exception (chiefly in the gi ligature); i-longa is used initially and semivocally; numerous ligatures, including as and at with suprascript a, ed, eg, fi, rt (resembling rx); the ti ligature is used, but no distinction is made between the soft and hard sounds of ti. Patristic excerpts in bold, expert, rapid Visigothic cursive with marked inclination to the left occur on fol. 63, originally left blank; they are by the hand which supplied the omission on fol. 63v: a is regularly Ɛ-shaped and rests on the line; the shafts of b and l are broken; g is squashed and rests on the line; ascenders and descenders are very long; most letters seem compressed; there is some resemblance to the script of Merovingian charters. A hand showing Insular influence supplied an omitted word in the margin of fol. 65. A probatio pennae saec. IX–X from Martial on fol. 76.
","Written probably in Spain. For provenance see proceeding items. The Paris part, stolen by Libri from the Grand Séminaire at Autun, was bought by Lord Ashburnham. Acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1133.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1133.jpg 1134,791,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,729,"Written either in Spain itself or on the border between Spain and France to judge by the peculiar script, the form of abbreviated 'bus', the vermilion ink in titles, the Visigothic marginalia, and the slight resemblance to Paris, Lat. 9533 and particularly to Paris, Lat. 10233 + Bern F. 219 (CLA [5.587](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/952), [592](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/959)). Provenance the cathedral of Autun; later in the Grand Séminaire of the same city, whence the Paris leaves were removed by Libri and later sold to Lord Ashburnham, from whom they were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (141–149).",Parchment,,,"TM 66898",,"foll. 129. 19 (marginal note beginning 'mire'), 136v",,,"Script is a round half-uncial: **a** is broad and often closed; **f** and **s** are noteworthy; **g** is cramped and mostly rests on the line (uncial **G** also occurs); the oblique of **N** sags and intersects the second upright. Seventh-century marginal entries in sloping uncial occur on foll. 19 and 131. Of special interest are the numerous marginal entries in curious Visigothic cursive by a certain Honemundus (foll. 46, 93v); in one of these occurs the name of Bishop Nambadus (fol. 153v), which helps to date the entry between 718 and 731 as R. P. Robinson ingeniously pointed out; the entries are mostly biblical quotations, formulas, bits of verse and often the first line of Disticha Catonis, the medieval scribe's favourite probatio pennae; the unmistakable Visigothic features are: the Ɛ-shaped **a**, the **c** and **e** with slightly horizontal first stroke, the **q** cut obliquely by an s-shaped flourish for que and qui, and the omission of **n** marked by two superposed strokes (fol. 30v). Other marginalia are in Merovingian minuscule (foll. 3, 31v, 32, 157) or cursive (foll. 24v, 89, 121v, 129v, 162v, 163, 202v); IN NOMINE DOMINI MANEFRICDA in Rustic capitals is seen in the margin of fol. 70v (part of the same name on fol. 98); AUDI GARIA is entered with a stylus on fol. 166. The beginning of a tachygraphic syllabary differing from any known Latin system may be seen written upside down in upper margins of foll. 77v–78. The binding is Carolingian.","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VI ex. ☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p. 315. ☛Bischoff, Das benediktinische Mönchtum p.171 note.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1134,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1134,"Script is a round half-uncial: a is broad and often closed; f and s are noteworthy; g is cramped and mostly rests on the line (uncial G also occurs); the oblique of N sags and intersects the second upright. Seventh-century marginal entries in sloping uncial occur on foll. 19 and 131. Of special interest are the numerous marginal entries in curious Visigothic cursive by a certain Honemundus (foll. 46, 93v); in one of these occurs the name of Bishop Nambadus (fol. 153v), which helps to date the entry between 718 and 731 as R. P. Robinson ingeniously pointed out; the entries are mostly biblical quotations, formulas, bits of verse and often the first line of Disticha Catonis, the medieval scribe's favourite probatio pennae; the unmistakable Visigothic features are: the Ɛ-shaped a, the c and e with slightly horizontal first stroke, the q cut obliquely by an s-shaped flourish for que and qui, and the omission of n marked by two superposed strokes (fol. 30v). Other marginalia are in Merovingian minuscule (foll. 3, 31v, 32, 157) or cursive (foll. 24v, 89, 121v, 129v, 162v, 163, 202v); IN NOMINE DOMINI MANEFRICDA in Rustic capitals is seen in the margin of fol. 70v (part of the same name on fol. 98); AUDI GARIA is entered with a stylus on fol. 166. The beginning of a tachygraphic syllabary differing from any known Latin system may be seen written upside down in upper margins of foll. 77v–78. The binding is Carolingian.
","Written either in Spain itself or on the border between Spain and France to judge by the peculiar script, the form of abbreviated 'bus', the vermilion ink in titles, the Visigothic marginalia, and the slight resemblance to Paris, Lat. 9533 and particularly to Paris, Lat. 10233 + Bern F. 219 (CLA 5.587, 592). Provenance the cathedral of Autun; later in the Grand Séminaire of the same city, whence the Paris leaves were removed by Libri and later sold to Lord Ashburnham, from whom they were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
","☛Maître, Catalogue, dates to s. VI ex. ☛Bischoff, MAS 2 p. 315. ☛Bischoff, Das benediktinische Mönchtum p.171 note.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1134.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1134.jpg 1135,792,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,6,730,"Written in England. The three Avranches leaves came from the library of Mont-St-Michel where they were numbered 64, 203, and 86 respectively. The St Petersburg fragment was acquired by Pierre Doubrovsky during the French Revolution.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Praefatio, Vulgata, Mc 2.5–19, Lc 1–2, 5, 24, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66899",,"Image from fol. 1v of Avranches MS. 66",,,"Script is a bold, expert uncial mixed with capital elements, manifestly penned by an Anglo-Saxon hand: **G** regularly has the capital form, **Q** and **A** often, **D**, **E**, and **V** here and there; **I** is long initially except where followed by a tall letter; **X** is high-waisted.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1135,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1135,"Script is a bold, expert uncial mixed with capital elements, manifestly penned by an Anglo-Saxon hand: G regularly has the capital form, Q and A often, D, E, and V here and there; I is long initially except where followed by a tall letter; X is high-waisted.
","Written in England. The three Avranches leaves came from the library of Mont-St-Michel where they were numbered 64, 203, and 86 respectively. The St Petersburg fragment was acquired by Pierre Doubrovsky during the French Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1135.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1135.jpg 1136,793,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,731,"Written presumably in an Alsatian centre, possibly at Murbach. The well-known entry: 'Orate pro domino Bartolomeo abbate Morbacen. 1464' stands on fol. 73. Acquired by the city of Besançon with the collection of J. J. Bruand in 1826.",,,,"Hieronymus, Prologus missus ad Constantium; Praefatoria comitis Murbachensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66900",,"foll. 72v and 74 ",,,"Script is a rather slender and roundish early minuscule: **a** has two forms; **h** has a tendency to bend backward. Several ligatures seen in the Capitulare do not occur in the larger script of the Prologus. Notae Tironianae are used here and there to save space. Ninth-century additions with neumes are seen on fol. 73v.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1226. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 624. ☛A. Wilmart, Revue bénédictine 30 (1913) pp. 25–69.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1136,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1136,"Script is a rather slender and roundish early minuscule: a has two forms; h has a tendency to bend backward. Several ligatures seen in the Capitulare do not occur in the larger script of the Prologus. Notae Tironianae are used here and there to save space. Ninth-century additions with neumes are seen on fol. 73v.
","Written presumably in an Alsatian centre, possibly at Murbach. The well-known entry: 'Orate pro domino Bartolomeo abbate Morbacen. 1464' stands on fol. 73. Acquired by the city of Besançon with the collection of J. J. Bruand in 1826.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1226. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 624. ☛A. Wilmart, Revue bénédictine 30 (1913) pp. 25–69.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1136.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1136.jpg 1137,794,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,6,732,"Origin uncertain, presumably East France. The manuscript was at Murbach in the fifteenth century when it was used there for strengthening bindings. Formed part of the collection of J. J. Bruand before it passed into the Municipal Library in 1826.",2,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (2.82, 84).",Parchment,,,"TM 66901",,"Image shows the fragments between foll. 65v and 66",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule: open **a** seems to be the rule; **c** has a knob-like fore-stroke; the top of **ꞇ** curves to the left; ligatures are frequent.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1137,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1137,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule: open a seems to be the rule; c has a knob-like fore-stroke; the top of ꞇ curves to the left; ligatures are frequent.
","Origin uncertain, presumably East France. The manuscript was at Murbach in the fifteenth century when it was used there for strengthening bindings. Formed part of the collection of J. J. Bruand before it passed into the Municipal Library in 1826.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1137.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1137.jpg 1138,795,Uncial,V²,451,500,6,733,"Written probably in Italy, possibly in an ancient centre in France. It was certainly in France in the seventh century. Belonged to Murbach. The manuscript was probably in a fragmentary state in the fifteenth century when its leaves were used for repairing purposes. The largest Besançon fragment was removed by J. J. Bruand, who owned MS 184, as early as 1822. The Gotha fragments fell into the hands of the Russians with the rest of the library in 1945. The Leipzig fragments, once attached to the Cyprian manuscript now in Manchester (CLA [2.222](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/540)), were an item in one of Hiersemann's sale-catalogues in 1927 and are now supposed to be in Switzerland.",3,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (1.1, 2.16–17, 3.23, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66902",,"Image shows both verso and recto of the Besançon leaf",,,"Script is bold expert uncial of the oldest type; the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; **ꝺ**, uncial **M**, and **U** are broad; the bows of **P**, uncial **Q**, and **R** are small. A seventh-century Merovingian charter-hand entered on the blank recto of the Besançon leaf a note which reads: ‘<. . .> i codece contenetur exposicio quattuor evangelestarum edeta ad sancto elario pectatese epo (?)'. It is followed by another line in very pale script.","☛St Gallen leaf formerly Leipzig, Private collection Hiersemann number unknown.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1138,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1138,"Script is bold expert uncial of the oldest type; the bow of uncial A is pointed; the hasta of uncial E is high; ꝺ, uncial M, and U are broad; the bows of P, uncial Q, and R are small. A seventh-century Merovingian charter-hand entered on the blank recto of the Besançon leaf a note which reads: ‘<. . .> i codece contenetur exposicio quattuor evangelestarum edeta ad sancto elario pectatese epo (?)'. It is followed by another line in very pale script.
","Written probably in Italy, possibly in an ancient centre in France. It was certainly in France in the seventh century. Belonged to Murbach. The manuscript was probably in a fragmentary state in the fifteenth century when its leaves were used for repairing purposes. The largest Besançon fragment was removed by J. J. Bruand, who owned MS 184, as early as 1822. The Gotha fragments fell into the hands of the Russians with the rest of the library in 1945. The Leipzig fragments, once attached to the Cyprian manuscript now in Manchester (CLA 2.222), were an item in one of Hiersemann's sale-catalogues in 1927 and are now supposed to be in Switzerland.
","☛St Gallen leaf formerly Leipzig, Private collection Hiersemann number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1138.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1138.jpg 1139,797,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,734,"Written presumably in Italy. Provenance St Bertin: on fol. 1v of the St Omer manuscript is the entry (saec. X–XI): 'Liber sancti Bertini. Si quis abstulerit anathema reportet. Amen.'; on the same folio and on fol. 1v of the Boulogne manuscript stands the press-mark: 'de libraria S. Bertini' (saec. XIV–XV).",3,,,"Ambrosius, Epistulae (64–68); Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (Ps 102, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66903",,"Image from the recto and verso of the Boulogne fragment",,,"Script is a well-formed firm uncial, not of the oldest type, with markedly thick verticals; the eye of uncial **E** is high and closed; v-shaped **U** suprascript occurs at line-end after uncial **Q**. Interlinear corrections in small uncial seen on fol. 6 of the St Omer portion.","☛G. Nauroy, Revue d'études augustiniennes 61 (2015), p. 111–134 [Ambrosius].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1139,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1139,"Script is a well-formed firm uncial, not of the oldest type, with markedly thick verticals; the eye of uncial E is high and closed; v-shaped U suprascript occurs at line-end after uncial Q. Interlinear corrections in small uncial seen on fol. 6 of the St Omer portion.
","Written presumably in Italy. Provenance St Bertin: on fol. 1v of the St Omer manuscript is the entry (saec. X–XI): 'Liber sancti Bertini. Si quis abstulerit anathema reportet. Amen.'; on the same folio and on fol. 1v of the Boulogne manuscript stands the press-mark: 'de libraria S. Bertini' (saec. XIV–XV).
","☛G. Nauroy, Revue d'études augustiniennes 61 (2015), p. 111–134 [Ambrosius].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1139.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1139.jpg 1140,798,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,6,735,"Written presumably in Italy. Provenance St Bertin. The manuscript may have reached North France by way of England.",3,,,"Ambrosius, Apologia David, De Joseph patriarcha, De benedictionibus Patriarcharum, De paenitentia contra novatianos, De obitu fratris sui Satyri, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66904",,"fol. 62 ",,,"Script is a broad stately uncial by several hands; the hand beginning on fol. 120 uses an uncial **A** with a loop prolonged in a downward flourish, and an **S** with the upper curve ending in a forked finial; tall **T** is frequent at line-ends; **Y** extends below the line. Greek words are barbarously treated, and some letters have the half-uncial Latin forms. Eighth-century marginalia in Anglo-Saxon minuscule are seen on foll. 61, 61v, 62; a later Anglo-Saxon reader marked quotations by . . . , in the outer margin of the first few pages.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1140,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1140,"Script is a broad stately uncial by several hands; the hand beginning on fol. 120 uses an uncial A with a loop prolonged in a downward flourish, and an S with the upper curve ending in a forked finial; tall T is frequent at line-ends; Y extends below the line. Greek words are barbarously treated, and some letters have the half-uncial Latin forms. Eighth-century marginalia in Anglo-Saxon minuscule are seen on foll. 61, 61v, 62; a later Anglo-Saxon reader marked quotations by . . . , in the outer margin of the first few pages.
","Written presumably in Italy. Provenance St Bertin. The manuscript may have reached North France by way of England.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1140.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1140.jpg 1141,799,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,736,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre in North-east France. Provenance St Vaast at Arras: the seventeenth-century ex-libris ‘Bibliothecae monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebaten. 1628 A' is seen on fol. 1. The earlier number A. 130 stands on the first fly-leaf.",2,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum (Vetus Latina lemmata).",Parchment,,,"TM 66905",,"foll. 29v and 74v ",,,"Script, by several similar hands, is a rather angular pre-Caroline minuscule of a marked type with strong contrast between thick and thin strokes: open **a** resembles two contiguous c's; **g** with compressed lower bow is noteworthy, the uncial form occurs; the top of **ꞇ** turns up to the right and ends in a dot; sickle-shaped **u** occurs suprascript, as over **ꞇr** in the tur-ending; **y** is variously shaped and always dotted; suprascript **a** in ligature; subscript **i** after **m**; **nt** ligature even in mid-word; **ti** ligature for both hard and soft ti; ascenders are long. The scribes copied their exemplar page by page, as is evident from the crowding and spreading at the end of pages; many pages begin with a capital (up to fol. 67v), a sign that the exemplar was very old. Notae Tironianae on the first few leaves.","☛Hougton, Latin New Testament p. 228: lemmata extended by means of Vetus Latina source identical to CLA [1.79](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/90).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1141,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141,"Script, by several similar hands, is a rather angular pre-Caroline minuscule of a marked type with strong contrast between thick and thin strokes: open a resembles two contiguous c's; g with compressed lower bow is noteworthy, the uncial form occurs; the top of ꞇ turns up to the right and ends in a dot; sickle-shaped u occurs suprascript, as over ꞇr in the tur-ending; y is variously shaped and always dotted; suprascript a in ligature; subscript i after m; nt ligature even in mid-word; ti ligature for both hard and soft ti; ascenders are long. The scribes copied their exemplar page by page, as is evident from the crowding and spreading at the end of pages; many pages begin with a capital (up to fol. 67v), a sign that the exemplar was very old. Notae Tironianae on the first few leaves.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre in North-east France. Provenance St Vaast at Arras: the seventeenth-century ex-libris ‘Bibliothecae monasterii S. Vedasti Atrebaten. 1628 A' is seen on fol. 1. The earlier number A. 130 stands on the first fly-leaf.
","☛Hougton, Latin New Testament p. 228: lemmata extended by means of Vetus Latina source identical to CLA 1.79.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1141.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1141.jpg 1142,800,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,6,737,"Written by Anglo-Saxon scribes, perhaps on the Continent. Provenance St Bertin: the ex-libris, saec. XIV–XV, 'de libraria sancti Bertini' stands on fol. 1 of vol. 63.",,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66906",,"Image from foll. 19v and 20v of vol. 63",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands: **a** and **d** have two forms; **e** is often θ-shaped; **aꞇ** often run together; subscript **i** occurs after **c** and **n**; suprascript **u** in bus is a mere horizontal stroke. The opening 20v–21 of vol. 63 is in a different, more sedate hand reminiscent of majuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1142,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1142,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands: a and d have two forms; e is often θ-shaped; aꞇ often run together; subscript i occurs after c and n; suprascript u in bus is a mere horizontal stroke. The opening 20v–21 of vol. 63 is in a different, more sedate hand reminiscent of majuscule.
","Written by Anglo-Saxon scribes, perhaps on the Continent. Provenance St Bertin: the ex-libris, saec. XIV–XV, 'de libraria sancti Bertini' stands on fol. 1 of vol. 63.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1142.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1142.jpg 1143,801,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,6,738,"Written in an English centre, probably in the South by a certain Burginda. Her name occurs in a long subscription following the colophon on fol. 62 addressed to an 'inclitus iuuenis' whose prayers are besought. Belonged to St Bertin where it bore the number 243.",,,,"Apponius, In Canticum Canticorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66907",,"foll. 46 and 47",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, and in the main part is of a rather stately type: the characteristic letter is the flat-topped **a**; both branches of **y** curve to the right; a more rapid informal hand was used on foll. 47–49, doubtless to save space: **e** in ligature resembles an inclined figure 8 with upper half open. Some probationes pennae saec. IX on fol. 62v. Marginalia by a twelfth-century hand.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1143,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1143,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, and in the main part is of a rather stately type: the characteristic letter is the flat-topped a; both branches of y curve to the right; a more rapid informal hand was used on foll. 47–49, doubtless to save space: e in ligature resembles an inclined figure 8 with upper half open. Some probationes pennae saec. IX on fol. 62v. Marginalia by a twelfth-century hand.
","Written in an English centre, probably in the South by a certain Burginda. Her name occurs in a long subscription following the colophon on fol. 62 addressed to an 'inclitus iuuenis' whose prayers are besought. Belonged to St Bertin where it bore the number 243.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1143.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1143.jpg 1145,802,"Caroline Minuscule and Mixed Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,739,"Written presumably in a nunnery in the region of Meaux where the Gellone Sacramentary was produced by the scribe David, who apparently supervised the work of this manuscript. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.",,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 66908",,"foll. 69 and 155",,,"Script is by several hands; the first (foll. 6–9), a curious minuscule interspersed with uncial (uncial **G** constantly) which is probably identifiable with that of David, the scribe of the Gellone Sacramentary, corrected the manuscript and supplied the red chapter-headings; several hands use an **e** with an upward-curving hasta ending in a dot; some portions are entirely in uncial (fol. 22). Notae Tironianae 'amen' on fol. 131 and 'bene' twice on fol. 176v.",,3,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1145,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1145,"Script is by several hands; the first (foll. 6–9), a curious minuscule interspersed with uncial (uncial G constantly) which is probably identifiable with that of David, the scribe of the Gellone Sacramentary, corrected the manuscript and supplied the red chapter-headings; several hands use an e with an upward-curving hasta ending in a dot; some portions are entirely in uncial (fol. 22). Notae Tironianae 'amen' on fol. 131 and 'bene' twice on fol. 176v.
","Written presumably in a nunnery in the region of Meaux where the Gellone Sacramentary was produced by the scribe David, who apparently supervised the work of this manuscript. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1145.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1145.jpg 1146,803,"Anglo-Saxon Half-Uncial",VIII¹,701,750,6,740,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Provenance Cambrai Cathedral. The number 133 (saec. XVII) is entered on fol. 1.",,,,"Philippus Presbyter, Expositio in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 66909",,"fol. 69 ",,,"Script is a curious, exotic half-uncial by an expert Insular hand: the hasta of **f** is almost on the line; the form of **g** is unusually graceful; **i**-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; suprascript **u**, at line-ends, resembles a bird in flight; **y** is undotted; **z** recalls Insular type; an Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand, saec. VIII or IX, supplied many omissions; numerous other corrections by eighth- and ninth-century hands but chiefly by one expert scribe who uses uncial **ꝺ** and an angular uncial **A** and **ꞇ**; a too zealous twelfth-century reader rather roughly corrected the manuscript up to fol. 154, expanding unfamiliar Anglo-Saxon abbreviations, separating words, and even modernizing the original forms of letters to suit his times.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1146,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1146,"Script is a curious, exotic half-uncial by an expert Insular hand: the hasta of f is almost on the line; the form of g is unusually graceful; i-longa is used initially and for the semi-vocal sound; suprascript u, at line-ends, resembles a bird in flight; y is undotted; z recalls Insular type; an Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand, saec. VIII or IX, supplied many omissions; numerous other corrections by eighth- and ninth-century hands but chiefly by one expert scribe who uses uncial ꝺ and an angular uncial A and ꞇ; a too zealous twelfth-century reader rather roughly corrected the manuscript up to fol. 154, expanding unfamiliar Anglo-Saxon abbreviations, separating words, and even modernizing the original forms of letters to suit his times.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Provenance Cambrai Cathedral. The number 133 (saec. XVII) is entered on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1146.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1146.jpg 1147,804,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",763,790,6,741,"Origin probably Cambrai. The manuscript was ordered by Albericus, bishop of Cambrai (763–90) and Arras, as the colophon on fol. 75 proves: 'EXPLICIT LIBER CANONUM QUEM DOMNUS ALBERICUS EPISCOPUS URBIS CAMARACINSIUM ET ADRABATINSIUM FIERI ROGAVIT. DEO GRATIAS. AMEN'. Was preserved at the cathedral of Cambrai. ",,,,"Collectio Canonum Hibernensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66910",,"foll. 75, 38, 33, 45v",,,"Script is a curious minuscule written mostly in one hand; it is important because it is placed and dated: **a** has two forms; the curve of **f** and **ꞅ** sweeps well to the right; the Insular form of **Ᵹ** occurs regularly in the Irish homily (foll. 37–38); **Y** is v-shaped and dotted. Notae Tironianae occur (foll. 4, 46v). The binding seems old.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1147,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1147,"Script is a curious minuscule written mostly in one hand; it is important because it is placed and dated: a has two forms; the curve of f and ꞅ sweeps well to the right; the Insular form of Ᵹ occurs regularly in the Irish homily (foll. 37–38); Y is v-shaped and dotted. Notae Tironianae occur (foll. 4, 46v). The binding seems old.
","Origin probably Cambrai. The manuscript was ordered by Albericus, bishop of Cambrai (763–90) and Arras, as the colophon on fol. 75 proves: 'EXPLICIT LIBER CANONUM QUEM DOMNUS ALBERICUS EPISCOPUS URBIS CAMARACINSIUM ET ADRABATINSIUM FIERI ROGAVIT. DEO GRATIAS. AMEN'. Was preserved at the cathedral of Cambrai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1147.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1147.jpg 1148,805,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,742a,"Written doubtless in France to judge by the script. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (1–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66911",,"fol. 38v ",,,"Script is a rather bold, not very expert uncial by two or more hands (a distinct hand on foll. 71–131): a horizontal stroke serves for **u** in final syllables like mus, rus, tur. A marginal note in crude Merovingian and Notae Tironianae on fol. 37v; other Merovingian insertions on foll. 25, 30, 46. A probatio pennae in verse in Merovingian semicursive on fol. 1. The name 'Malbertus', entered by a later hand, is seen in the lower margin of fol. 85.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1148,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1148,"Script is a rather bold, not very expert uncial by two or more hands (a distinct hand on foll. 71–131): a horizontal stroke serves for u in final syllables like mus, rus, tur. A marginal note in crude Merovingian and Notae Tironianae on fol. 37v; other Merovingian insertions on foll. 25, 30, 46. A probatio pennae in verse in Merovingian semicursive on fol. 1. The name 'Malbertus', entered by a later hand, is seen in the lower margin of fol. 85.
","Written doubtless in France to judge by the script. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1148.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1148.jpg 1149,806,Half-Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,6,742b,"Written in a centre with high calligraphic standards, probably in East France. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (7–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 66912",,"fol. 132 ",,,"Script is a regular, rather stiff, small-sized half-uncial with long ascenders and descenders ending in fine horizontal serifs: the down-strokes of **f** and **ꞅ** are in marked contrast to their up-strokes; a small suprascript **ꞇ** stands over the second upright of **N** instead of an **Nt** ligature; suprascript **u** after **q** is a wavy line; it is a simple horizontal over tr in the tur-ending. A few words in Merovingian minuscule are seen on the scrap of parchment between folios 150 and 151 which is conjoint with fol. 157. Some corrections and emendations in minuscule by first hand on foll. 152v, 158–166.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1149,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1149,"Script is a regular, rather stiff, small-sized half-uncial with long ascenders and descenders ending in fine horizontal serifs: the down-strokes of f and ꞅ are in marked contrast to their up-strokes; a small suprascript ꞇ stands over the second upright of N instead of an Nt ligature; suprascript u after q is a wavy line; it is a simple horizontal over tr in the tur-ending. A few words in Merovingian minuscule are seen on the scrap of parchment between folios 150 and 151 which is conjoint with fol. 157. Some corrections and emendations in minuscule by first hand on foll. 152v, 158–166.
","Written in a centre with high calligraphic standards, probably in East France. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1149.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1149.jpg 1150,807,"Corbie a-b Script and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,743,"Written doubtless at Corbie, where apparently the Glossary was compiled; two sister manuscripts of the same huge size, the same number of lines, and in the same script are Paris Lat. 11529 and 11530 (CLA [5.611](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/985)). The Cambrai volume comes from the cathedral of Cambrai. The volume which contains the Paris fly-leaves was acquired for the Bibliothèque Ste Geneviève in 1725.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Liber Glossarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66913",,"fol. 96 ",,,"Script is in the main Corbie a-b type described in CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914), but the end folios of several quires, as in the sister manuscripts Paris Lat. 11529 and 11530, are in Caroline minuscule (foll. 33v, 38v–41v, 57, 57v, 96, 97v, 165v, 174–181v, 188–188v), some folios being in the Maurdramn type. It is noteworthy that the correction on fol. 178 is in a-b script while the text is in Maurdramn and that the two hands alternate on fol. 96.","☛M. Huglo, Scriptorium 55 (2001), p. 13–14 (joins the two CLA numbers). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1766.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1150,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1150,"Script is in the main Corbie a-b type described in CLA 5.554, but the end folios of several quires, as in the sister manuscripts Paris Lat. 11529 and 11530, are in Caroline minuscule (foll. 33v, 38v–41v, 57, 57v, 96, 97v, 165v, 174–181v, 188–188v), some folios being in the Maurdramn type. It is noteworthy that the correction on fol. 178 is in a-b script while the text is in Maurdramn and that the two hands alternate on fol. 96.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, where apparently the Glossary was compiled; two sister manuscripts of the same huge size, the same number of lines, and in the same script are Paris Lat. 11529 and 11530 (CLA 5.611). The Cambrai volume comes from the cathedral of Cambrai. The volume which contains the Paris fly-leaves was acquired for the Bibliothèque Ste Geneviève in 1725.
","☛M. Huglo, Scriptorium 55 (2001), p. 13–14 (joins the two CLA numbers). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1766.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1150.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1150.jpg 1152,808,Uncial,VIII,701,800,6,744,"Written doubtless in France. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.",,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum, Allegoriae, De Natura Rerum, De Ecclesiasticis Officiis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66914",,"fol. 40 ",,,"Script is a rather awkward uncial with **i**-longa initially and semi-vocally; and tall ascenders of uncial **H**, **L**, and **T** in the **NT** ligature; **U** is frequently a mere suprascript stroke after **q**; **Y** is undotted; **FF** and **LL** run together. Interlinear glosses in a pre-Caroline minuscule, some showing Anglo-Saxon symptoms, with **p᷎** for per (fol. 40v) and such spellings as ‘assia' for Asia . Early readers also added variant readings and illustrations. The probationes pennae saec. VIII on fol. 66 read '+Framnoaldus' (top margin) and ‘Leodu' (lower margin).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1152,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1152,"Script is a rather awkward uncial with i-longa initially and semi-vocally; and tall ascenders of uncial H, L, and T in the NT ligature; U is frequently a mere suprascript stroke after q; Y is undotted; FF and LL run together. Interlinear glosses in a pre-Caroline minuscule, some showing Anglo-Saxon symptoms, with p᷎ for per (fol. 40v) and such spellings as ‘assia' for Asia . Early readers also added variant readings and illustrations. The probationes pennae saec. VIII on fol. 66 read '+Framnoaldus' (top margin) and ‘Leodu' (lower margin).
","Written doubtless in France. Provenance the Cathedral of Cambrai.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1152.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1152.jpg 1153,809,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,6,745,"Written doubtless in France. The manuscript was early in a centre with Spanish connections, as the omission marks suggest. Provenance Fleury: several ninth-century marginal inscriptions in capital, e.g. 'hic est liber sancti BENEDICTI ABBATI FLORIACENSI MONASTERII' (fol. 58). The entry saec. XVIII on fol. 1 reads: 'Ex libris monasterii S. Petri Carnotensis ordinis S. Benedicti congregationis S. Mauri 10. tom. 1.' Another eighteenth-century hand added: 'Ce livre a este apporte de St. Benoist sur Loyre et apparemment des le temps que Ragenfredus (bishop of Chartres, †ca. 960) remit icy les moynes.' Perished in the war in 1944.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (27–33).",Parchment,,,"TM 66915",,"fol. 57 ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type, by several hands: **Ꝺ** has a tall ascender, ending in a horizontal hair-line; **T** with a loop to the left is used up to fol. 56. Marginalia by several pre-Caroline hands, one using the Corbie **a** (fol. 94v), another the Corbie **b**. Notae Tironianae on fol. 149v.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF 246.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1153,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1153,"Script is uncial of a late type, by several hands: Ꝺ has a tall ascender, ending in a horizontal hair-line; T with a loop to the left is used up to fol. 56. Marginalia by several pre-Caroline hands, one using the Corbie a (fol. 94v), another the Corbie b. Notae Tironianae on fol. 149v.
","Written doubtless in France. The manuscript was early in a centre with Spanish connections, as the omission marks suggest. Provenance Fleury: several ninth-century marginal inscriptions in capital, e.g. 'hic est liber sancti BENEDICTI ABBATI FLORIACENSI MONASTERII' (fol. 58). The entry saec. XVIII on fol. 1 reads: 'Ex libris monasterii S. Petri Carnotensis ordinis S. Benedicti congregationis S. Mauri 10. tom. 1.' Another eighteenth-century hand added: 'Ce livre a este apporte de St. Benoist sur Loyre et apparemment des le temps que Ragenfredus (bishop of Chartres, †ca. 960) remit icy les moynes.' Perished in the war in 1944.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF 246.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1153.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1153.jpg 1154,810,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,746,"Written in France, probably in the centre which produced Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7) saec. IX in. Provenance St Père of Chartres: the tenth-century ex-libris on fol. 52v reads: 'Codex Sancti Petri Apostoli Carnotensis; si quis eum furaverit, dampnacionem accipiet cum Anna et Caypha. Amen. Amen. Fiat. Fiat.' The entry saec. XVIII on fol. 1 reads: 'Monasterii S. Petri Carnotensis ordinis S. Benedicti, congreg. S. Mauri C. 18 E. 3'. Perished in the war in 1944.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas; Gregorius Magnus, Epistulae; Augustinus, Epistulae (Ad Bibianum).",Parchment,,,"TM 66916",,"No facsimile is known to exist",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands showing great variety, recalling the Chartres manuscript of Oribasius (Paris Lat. 933z + Bern A. 91 (7)): **a** occurs in three forms: open **a**, half-uncial **a** and **a**; **ꞇ** is mostly looped to the left; one hand uses the Insular ligatures **mi**, and **ni**. Notae Tironianae occur interlinearly (fol. 91).","☛Mostert, The library of Fleury, p. 85 BF 247.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1154,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1154,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands showing great variety, recalling the Chartres manuscript of Oribasius (Paris Lat. 933z + Bern A. 91 (7)): a occurs in three forms: open a, half-uncial a and a; ꞇ is mostly looped to the left; one hand uses the Insular ligatures mi, and ni. Notae Tironianae occur interlinearly (fol. 91).
","Written in France, probably in the centre which produced Paris Lat. 9332 + Bern A. 91 (7) saec. IX in. Provenance St Père of Chartres: the tenth-century ex-libris on fol. 52v reads: 'Codex Sancti Petri Apostoli Carnotensis; si quis eum furaverit, dampnacionem accipiet cum Anna et Caypha. Amen. Amen. Fiat. Fiat.' The entry saec. XVIII on fol. 1 reads: 'Monasterii S. Petri Carnotensis ordinis S. Benedicti, congreg. S. Mauri C. 18 E. 3'. Perished in the war in 1944.
","☛Mostert, The library of Fleury, p. 85 BF 247.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1154.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1154.jpg 1155,811,Uncial,VIII,701,800,6,747,"Written presumably in France. The main manuscript to which our leaves are attached from St Père. Perished in the war in 1944.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Io 8.24–11.8).",Parchment,,,"TM 66917",,"fol. Bv",,,"Script is uncial of a late type with thick and thin strokes strongly contrasted: the bow of uncial **A** is narrow and pointed; uncial **M** and **U** are broad; **LL** run together; in the ligature **NS** the latter is half-uncial; in the ligature **NT**, the **T** is superposed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1155,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1155,"Script is uncial of a late type with thick and thin strokes strongly contrasted: the bow of uncial A is narrow and pointed; uncial M and U are broad; LL run together; in the ligature NS the latter is half-uncial; in the ligature NT, the T is superposed.
","Written presumably in France. The main manuscript to which our leaves are attached from St Père. Perished in the war in 1944.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1155.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1155.jpg 1156,812,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,748,"Written probably in North-east France or the Lowlands. Was at St Père of Chartres as early as the tenth centry to judge from the ex-libris on fol. 247v. Perished in the war in 1944.",,,,"Hieronymus, Vita Pauli, etc.; Isidorus, Opuscula.",Parchment,,,"TM 66918",,"No facsimile is known to exist",,,"Script is a distinct variety of pre-Caroline minuscule giving a general impression of angularity: **a** is formed by two c's; **r** is short and has a markedly angular shoulder.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1156,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1156,"Script is a distinct variety of pre-Caroline minuscule giving a general impression of angularity: a is formed by two c's; r is short and has a markedly angular shoulder.
","Written probably in North-east France or the Lowlands. Was at St Père of Chartres as early as the tenth centry to judge from the ex-libris on fol. 247v. Perished in the war in 1944.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1156.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1156.jpg 1157,813,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,749,"Written in some Germanic centre in the Lake Constance region. One of the scribes has left his name on foll. 79v and 172v where we read in Rustic capitals: 'RATFRIDUS SCRIPSIT HUNC LIBELLUM'. Provenance Murbach.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66919",,"fol. 8 and miserable scraps.",,,"Script is a roundish minuscule of Germanic type; at least three scribes are distinguishable, though one of them has claimed credit for the whole: **a** and **d** have two forms; uncial **G**, **R**, **S** by one hand here and there; cursive in the word 'amen' occurs on fol. 52v. The Greek numbering of chapters (foll. 6v ff., 80v ff., 135v ff.) and certain liturgical notes in the text and margin (in green or black) are probably taken over from the exemplar. Some neumes were added in the tenth century in the margins of foll. 7v and 114.Script is a roundish minuscule of Germanic type; at least three scribes are distinguishable, though one of them has claimed credit for the whole: a and d have two forms; uncial G, R, S by one hand here and there; cursive in the word 'amen' occurs on fol. 52v. The Greek numbering of chapters (foll. 6v ff., 80v ff., 135v ff.) and certain liturgical notes in the text and margin (in green or black) are probably taken over from the exemplar. Some neumes were added in the tenth century in the margins of foll. 7v and 114.
Miserable scraps (too insignificant to receive a serial number) of an ancient manuscript, saec. V–VI, containing what must have been a glossed Psalter, are seen between foll. 5v and 6 and on foll. 88, 95v, and 168. Of the Psalter proper in uncial only portions of letters remain. The glosses are in expert half-uncial, and seem Italian.
Written in some Germanic centre in the Lake Constance region. One of the scribes has left his name on foll. 79v and 172v where we read in Rustic capitals: 'RATFRIDUS SCRIPSIT HUNC LIBELLUM'. Provenance Murbach.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 949. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 51.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1157.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1157.jpg 1158,814,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,6,750,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent. The manuscript comes from Murbach. It is possible that it was at Reichenau in the fifteenth century, if one may judge from the title at the top of fol. 173.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 66920",,"foll. 187v and 173 ",,,"Script is a rather stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule (a more cursive script is seen here and there at the end of pages): **ae** and **at** often run together; majuscule **N**, **S**, and **R** occur, the last rather frequently. The first page of the preface (fol. 173) is in Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **R**, **S**, **Ꝺ** and **d**, **N** and **n**. Marginal glosses in Insular and ordinary minuscule saec. VIII–IX and X.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1158,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1158,"Script is a rather stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule (a more cursive script is seen here and there at the end of pages): ae and at often run together; majuscule N, S, and R occur, the last rather frequently. The first page of the preface (fol. 173) is in Anglo-Saxon majuscule with R, S, Ꝺ and d, N and n. Marginal glosses in Insular and ordinary minuscule saec. VIII–IX and X.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent. The manuscript comes from Murbach. It is possible that it was at Reichenau in the fifteenth century, if one may judge from the title at the top of fol. 173.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1158.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1158.jpg 1159,815,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,751,"Origin uncertain. The script suggests a centre in Alsatia or in the Lake Constance region. The manuscript came from Murbach, its mention is found in the ninth-century Murbach catalogue.",2,,,"Isidorus, De Ortu et Obitu Patrum; Ps- Isidorus, De Numeris.",Parchment,,,"TM 66921",,"foll. 52 and 128v",,,"Script is early German minuscule by several hands, mainly of two types; in the first part open **a** occurs only rarely, and ligatures are used, e.g. **ent**, **mi**, **ni**, **NT**; the script from fol. 126 on is more round: open **a** is frequent; tall broken-backed **c** occurs; the **ti** ligature is used for both the hard and soft ti; the ligature **nt** occurs even in mid-word. An unexplained word in Greek letters 'MHΛΛΦΛCT.H' occurs at the end of De Numeris. The Nota Tironiana for 'amen', in a contemporary addition, is seen on fol. 37.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 953. ",,,11,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1159,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1159,"Script is early German minuscule by several hands, mainly of two types; in the first part open a occurs only rarely, and ligatures are used, e.g. ent, mi, ni, NT; the script from fol. 126 on is more round: open a is frequent; tall broken-backed c occurs; the ti ligature is used for both the hard and soft ti; the ligature nt occurs even in mid-word. An unexplained word in Greek letters 'MHΛΛΦΛCT.H' occurs at the end of De Numeris. The Nota Tironiana for 'amen', in a contemporary addition, is seen on fol. 37.
","Origin uncertain. The script suggests a centre in Alsatia or in the Lake Constance region. The manuscript came from Murbach, its mention is found in the ninth-century Murbach catalogue.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 953.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1159.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1159.jpg 1160,816,"a-z Minuscule",VIII,701,800,6,752,"Written probably at Laon. The manuscript apparently belonged to Murbach and was dismembered there in the fifteenth century for strengthening the bindings of various volumes. The Colmar manuscript came from Murbach. The same is doubtless true of the Bern Cledonius, acquired by P. Pithou at Basel in 1563 when he also acquired the Paris Eucherius (CLA [5.550](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/910)).",1,,,"Fragmenta Textus Incerti Poetici.",Parchment,,,"TM 66922",,"Image is from the front cover of Colmar 45",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Laon a-z type described in CLA [6.765](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1173).",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1160,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1160,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Laon a-z type described in CLA 6.765.
","Written probably at Laon. The manuscript apparently belonged to Murbach and was dismembered there in the fifteenth century for strengthening the bindings of various volumes. The Colmar manuscript came from Murbach. The same is doubtless true of the Bern Cledonius, acquired by P. Pithou at Basel in 1563 when he also acquired the Paris Eucherius (CLA 5.550).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1160.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1160.jpg 1161,817,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,753,"Written in a Germanic centre, probably at Murbach where the manuscript had been preserved till the Revolution.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (13 sqq.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66923",,"fol. 44v ",,,"Script, mainly by one hand, is a well-formed, rotund minuscule of an early German type: open **a** predominates and the top of **ꞇ** curves to the left as in Beneventan, both are cursive features; **ri** and **te** occur in ligature.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 954 says same scribe as CLA [6.756](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1164).",,,11,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1161,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1161,"Script, mainly by one hand, is a well-formed, rotund minuscule of an early German type: open a predominates and the top of ꞇ curves to the left as in Beneventan, both are cursive features; ri and te occur in ligature.
","Written in a Germanic centre, probably at Murbach where the manuscript had been preserved till the Revolution.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 954 says same scribe as CLA 6.756.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1161.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1161.jpg 1162,818,Uncial,VIII,701,800,6,754,"Written probably in France. Provenance Murbach.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66924",,"Image shows a fragment of the front cover of Colmar 82",,,"Script is heavy uncial of a late type: **LL** run together; the top of **T** tends to loop to the left; the lower left limb of **X** curves to the right.","☛McGurk, Latin gospel books no. 52.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1162,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1162,"Script is heavy uncial of a late type: LL run together; the top of T tends to loop to the left; the lower left limb of X curves to the right.
","Written probably in France. Provenance Murbach.
","☛McGurk, Latin gospel books no. 52.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1162.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1162.jpg 1163,819,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,755,"Origin uncertain. Presumably a Germanic centre like Murbach where our leaves were used for binding purposes in the fifteenth century. They had previously suffered from damp.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm 1–5, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66925",,"Image shows the entire recto of a leaf on the back cover",,,"Script is a graceful pre-Caroline minuscule somewhat recalling other Murbach manuscripts: open **a** is the rule; **N** occurs here and there; the top of **ꞇ** loops to the left; **ri**, **ro**, **te** occur in ligatures.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 955.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1163,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1163,"Script is a graceful pre-Caroline minuscule somewhat recalling other Murbach manuscripts: open a is the rule; N occurs here and there; the top of ꞇ loops to the left; ri, ro, te occur in ligatures.
","Origin uncertain. Presumably a Germanic centre like Murbach where our leaves were used for binding purposes in the fifteenth century. They had previously suffered from damp.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 955.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1163.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1163.jpg 1164,820,"German Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,756,"Written in a Germanic centre, probably at Murbach. Used there in the fifteenth century for binding purposes.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Ex 31, 32, 36, 37, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66926",,"Image from the bifolium on the front cover",,,"Script is solid roundish minuscule of a Germanic type, not unlike the script of Colmar 39 and 82 (CLA [6.751](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1159) and [753](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1161)) and Manchester 15 (CLA [2.222](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/540)), all from Murbach: **a** has the two forms open **a** and **a**; the top of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; the ligature **ti** is used for hard ti.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 957 says same scribe as CLA [6.753](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1161).",,,11,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1164,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1164,"Script is solid roundish minuscule of a Germanic type, not unlike the script of Colmar 39 and 82 (CLA 6.751 and 753) and Manchester 15 (CLA 2.222), all from Murbach: a has the two forms open a and a; the top of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; the ligature ti is used for hard ti.
","Written in a Germanic centre, probably at Murbach. Used there in the fifteenth century for binding purposes.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 957 says same scribe as CLA 6.753.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1164.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1164.jpg 1165,821,"Irish Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,6,757,"Written doubtless in Ireland. The surviving leaf was used as fly-leaf in a Missal written for the monastery at Murbach. Came to Colmar during the Revolution.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66927",,"Image from the verso",,,"Script is bold, not very expert Irish majuscule using **d**, **n** and **N**, **R**, **S** and **ꞅ**; a long liturgical rubric on the verso is in a smaller type with ligatures **mi**, **us**; the ligature **sup** is noteworthy. Scribbles by a fifteenth-century hand are seen on the verso.","☛Gamber, CLLA 108.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1165,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1165,"Script is bold, not very expert Irish majuscule using d, n and N, R, S and ꞅ; a long liturgical rubric on the verso is in a smaller type with ligatures mi, us; the ligature sup is noteworthy. Scribbles by a fifteenth-century hand are seen on the verso.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. The surviving leaf was used as fly-leaf in a Missal written for the monastery at Murbach. Came to Colmar during the Revolution.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 108.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1165.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1165.jpg 1166,822,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,758,"Written at St Amand, in the school that produced part of Paris Lat. 2296 (CLA [5.544](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)). Provenance the Abbey of Marchiennes near Douai, where it was once numbered G. 479 and also, according to the Catalogue, D. 27. A note concerning the manuscript, dated 1737, in the hand of Carolus Godin, librarian of the Abbey of Marchiennes, stands on the first fly-leaf.",,50.449,3.4287,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Capitulare Evangeliorum, Vulgata, Mt, Mc).",Parchment,,,"TM 66928",,"foll. 45v. 78, 80v",,,"Script is Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, in vogue at St Amand and Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, abbot of St Amand (783–821): **a** is the rule, open **a** the exception; noteworthy are the high oblique **c** and the v-shaped **u** in the ending -orum; the general impression is one of slimness and angularity; a distinctive half-uncial is used for the first line of new sections and prefaces (foll. 1, 78, 78v). In the Passion according to Matthew (foll. 72v ff.) the superposed letters **e**, **s**, **t** are used to indicate the changes in intonation. An inventory of a sacristy was added by an eleventh-century hand on the originally blank fol. 36.","☛P. McGurk, Sacris Erudiri 14 (1963), p. 164–181. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1030. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 53. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 102 no. 42.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1166,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1166,"Script is Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, in vogue at St Amand and Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, abbot of St Amand (783–821): a is the rule, open a the exception; noteworthy are the high oblique c and the v-shaped u in the ending -orum; the general impression is one of slimness and angularity; a distinctive half-uncial is used for the first line of new sections and prefaces (foll. 1, 78, 78v). In the Passion according to Matthew (foll. 72v ff.) the superposed letters e, s, t are used to indicate the changes in intonation. An inventory of a sacristy was added by an eleventh-century hand on the originally blank fol. 36.
","Written at St Amand, in the school that produced part of Paris Lat. 2296 (CLA 5.544). Provenance the Abbey of Marchiennes near Douai, where it was once numbered G. 479 and also, according to the Catalogue, D. 27. A note concerning the manuscript, dated 1737, in the hand of Carolus Godin, librarian of the Abbey of Marchiennes, stands on the first fly-leaf.
","☛P. McGurk, Sacris Erudiri 14 (1963), p. 164–181. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1030. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 53. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 102 no. 42.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1166.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1166.jpg 1167,823,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,6,759,"Written doubtless in France, to judge by orthography and script. Provenance the abbey of Marchiennes near Douai (founded ca. 643). The manuscript from which our fragments originally come must have been dismembered (at the latest) in the twelfth century since the tooled binding of MS 342, in which some of them serve as fly-leaves, dates back to that century.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (1.13–35; 2.7–8). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66929",,"Image from fol. Av of MS. 281. 2",,,"Script is uncial of a late type; the top of uncial **A** ends in a horizontal finial; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the tail of **G** is a thin vertical with a horizontal finial; single **L** is curved at the bottom, but **LL** run together; the third stroke of **N** is spike-shaped; the descenders of **F**, **P**, uncial **Q** taper off to a sharp point; the left cross-stroke of **T** is looped; v-shaped **U** is suprascript in -tur and -mus endings.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1167,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1167,"Script is uncial of a late type; the top of uncial A ends in a horizontal finial; the lower bow of B protrudes; the tail of G is a thin vertical with a horizontal finial; single L is curved at the bottom, but LL run together; the third stroke of N is spike-shaped; the descenders of F, P, uncial Q taper off to a sharp point; the left cross-stroke of T is looped; v-shaped U is suprascript in -tur and -mus endings.
","Written doubtless in France, to judge by orthography and script. Provenance the abbey of Marchiennes near Douai (founded ca. 643). The manuscript from which our fragments originally come must have been dismembered (at the latest) in the twelfth century since the tooled binding of MS 342, in which some of them serve as fly-leaves, dates back to that century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1167.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1167.jpg 1168,824,"Mixed Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,6,760,"Written in England to judge by the vellum. The script vaguely recalls Northumbrian calligraphy. Belonged in the 13th century to some cathedral library, as is attested by the entry on fol. 1: 'Iste Liber est de Maiori Ecclesia; ego Iohannes feci eum religari' (saec. XIII). Later at Moyenmoutier: the entry 'Mediani Monasterii Catalogo inscriptus, 1717' is seen on fol. 1. Press-marks on the front fly-leaves read: 'ARM No. 110', corrected to '7 No. 66'; 'X. I. No. 19'.",,,,Glossarium.,Parchment,"Epinal Glossary.",,"TM 66930",,"fol. 96v ",,,"Script is a mixture of Anglo-Saxon majuscule and minuscule, the latter used mostly when the scribe is pressed for space: both majuscule and minuscule **a** occur in the same word; the majuscule uses **d** and **Ꝺ**, **n** and **N**, **r** and **R**, **ꞅ** and **S**; the form of **y** with both branches leaning to the right occurs; ligatures **si**, **bi** are seen on fol. 101; the Anglo-Saxon wen and thorn are used.",,3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1168,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1168,"Script is a mixture of Anglo-Saxon majuscule and minuscule, the latter used mostly when the scribe is pressed for space: both majuscule and minuscule a occur in the same word; the majuscule uses d and Ꝺ, n and N, r and R, ꞅ and S; the form of y with both branches leaning to the right occurs; ligatures si, bi are seen on fol. 101; the Anglo-Saxon wen and thorn are used.
","Written in England to judge by the vellum. The script vaguely recalls Northumbrian calligraphy. Belonged in the 13th century to some cathedral library, as is attested by the entry on fol. 1: 'Iste Liber est de Maiori Ecclesia; ego Iohannes feci eum religari' (saec. XIII). Later at Moyenmoutier: the entry 'Mediani Monasterii Catalogo inscriptus, 1717' is seen on fol. 1. Press-marks on the front fly-leaves read: 'ARM No. 110', corrected to '7 No. 66'; 'X. I. No. 19'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1168.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1168.jpg 1169,825,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,761,"Origin uncertain, presumably a centre in East France. The manuscript once belonged to the nunnery of St Peter at Remiremont. Later it came to the monastry of St Peter at Senones near St Dié; the ex-libris ‘Monasterii S. Petri Senonensis ord. S. Bened. Congreg. SS. Vitoni et Hydulphi catalogo inscriptus anno 1750' is seen on fol. 2. An early nineteenth-century shelf-mark 'ARM No. 147' stands on fol. 5.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66931",,"fol. 33 ",,,"Script is a solid, roundish early Caroline minuscule with **a** and open **a**; **z** has the tall form; a few ligatures occur. A number of additions (saec. X–XII) recording donations to a monastery of St Peter are seen on foll. 2–4, 66v–68v (the last page of the manuscript) and in the margins of other pages.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1125.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1169,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1169,"Script is a solid, roundish early Caroline minuscule with a and open a; z has the tall form; a few ligatures occur. A number of additions (saec. X–XII) recording donations to a monastery of St Peter are seen on foll. 2–4, 66v–68v (the last page of the manuscript) and in the margins of other pages.
","Origin uncertain, presumably a centre in East France. The manuscript once belonged to the nunnery of St Peter at Remiremont. Later it came to the monastry of St Peter at Senones near St Dié; the ex-libris ‘Monasterii S. Petri Senonensis ord. S. Bened. Congreg. SS. Vitoni et Hydulphi catalogo inscriptus anno 1750' is seen on fol. 2. An early nineteenth-century shelf-mark 'ARM No. 147' stands on fol. 5.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1125.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1169.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1169.jpg 1170,826,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",744,745,6,762,"Written at Tours in the year 744/5 at the order of an abbot Aricus who himself collated the manuscript and noted the fact in the familiar Tours manner. The manuscript belongs to a group which is on sound palaeographic grounds assignable to Tours (see CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)). The subscription on fol. 208v reads: ‘(A)ricus hunc librum scribere abba rogavit anno III regni Childirici regis. quicumque legerit obsecro ut pro ipso et obędientiam implentibus orare dignetur.' Provenance Murbach: two saec. XV ex-libris read: 'Iste liber est monasterii Morbacen. ordinis sancti Benedicti' (fol. 5) and 'Anno gratie MCCCCLXIIII reverendus dominus Bartolomeus de Andolo hunc librum renovavit. Orate pro eo.' Seen at Murbach by Th. Ruinart in 1696. Brought soon after to Moyenmoutier near St Dié: 'Mediani monasterii. 1717' (fol. 2).",,,,"Hieroymus, Epistulae, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66932",,"foll. 41v and 70v",,,"Script is for the most part pre-Caroline semi-cursive minuscule by several expert hands recalling the Tours Eugippius (CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)); half-uncial is seen on some opening lines (foll. 59, 98, etc.): **a** has the open form (the Caroline **a** is first seen in the Hague Philippus of this group); **c** is often broken-backed; both **N** and **n** are used; sickle-shaped **u** is frequent even when not suprascript; curious forms of **z** occur with the middle intersected or tagged to the right; **ti** ligature is used. Greek letters occur as numerals on fol. 97v. Early corrections in greenish ink, seen also in other manuscripts of the same school. Marginalia in Notae Tironianae passim. Gromatical texts on the 'casae litterarum' are seen on foll. 2, 3, 3v, 4, 209, 209v, saec. IX in.; the same hand copied at the foot of fol. 208v the Aricus entry on the opposite page (fol. 209) where one still reads: 'ere . . . III regni Childerici'.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1170,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1170,"Script is for the most part pre-Caroline semi-cursive minuscule by several expert hands recalling the Tours Eugippius (CLA 5.682); half-uncial is seen on some opening lines (foll. 59, 98, etc.): a has the open form (the Caroline a is first seen in the Hague Philippus of this group); c is often broken-backed; both N and n are used; sickle-shaped u is frequent even when not suprascript; curious forms of z occur with the middle intersected or tagged to the right; ti ligature is used. Greek letters occur as numerals on fol. 97v. Early corrections in greenish ink, seen also in other manuscripts of the same school. Marginalia in Notae Tironianae passim. Gromatical texts on the 'casae litterarum' are seen on foll. 2, 3, 3v, 4, 209, 209v, saec. IX in.; the same hand copied at the foot of fol. 208v the Aricus entry on the opposite page (fol. 209) where one still reads: 'ere . . . III regni Childerici'.
","Written at Tours in the year 744/5 at the order of an abbot Aricus who himself collated the manuscript and noted the fact in the familiar Tours manner. The manuscript belongs to a group which is on sound palaeographic grounds assignable to Tours (see CLA 5.682). The subscription on fol. 208v reads: ‘(A)ricus hunc librum scribere abba rogavit anno III regni Childirici regis. quicumque legerit obsecro ut pro ipso et obędientiam implentibus orare dignetur.' Provenance Murbach: two saec. XV ex-libris read: 'Iste liber est monasterii Morbacen. ordinis sancti Benedicti' (fol. 5) and 'Anno gratie MCCCCLXIIII reverendus dominus Bartolomeus de Andolo hunc librum renovavit. Orate pro eo.' Seen at Murbach by Th. Ruinart in 1696. Brought soon after to Moyenmoutier near St Dié: 'Mediani monasterii. 1717' (fol. 2).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1170.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1170.jpg 1171,827,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,763,"Written in a centre with Irish connections, presumably in North-east France. Our manuscript is probably a direct copy of an Irish exemplar. One of a number of books presented to Laon cathedral in the late ninth century by Bernardus and Adelelmus; the inscription on fol. 1v reads: 'Hunc librum dederunt bernardus et adelelmus deo et sanctę Marię Laudunensis ecclesię.",,,,"Lathcen, Ecloga Gregorii Moralium in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 66933",,"foll. 15, 64v, 94, 155v",,,"Script is early minuscule of French type by several hands, some still showing pre-Caroline features: ligatures **hi**, **mi**, **ne**, **nt** and the characteristic angular at resembling **Z** are used by one hand; final **r** with markedly curved shoulder and cup-shaped suprascript **u** are used by the hand on fol. 49v and beyond; occasional suprascript **N** is **z**-shaped; one hand shows manifest Insular influence in the wedge-shaped ascenders; noteworthy is the use of capital **Q** in uncial headings. Notae Tironianae seen at the end of several quires (foll. 24v, 80v, 88v, 120v, 128v) serve as reclamantes giving the opening word of the quire that follows.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2053",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1171,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1171,"Script is early minuscule of French type by several hands, some still showing pre-Caroline features: ligatures hi, mi, ne, nt and the characteristic angular at resembling Z are used by one hand; final r with markedly curved shoulder and cup-shaped suprascript u are used by the hand on fol. 49v and beyond; occasional suprascript N is z-shaped; one hand shows manifest Insular influence in the wedge-shaped ascenders; noteworthy is the use of capital Q in uncial headings. Notae Tironianae seen at the end of several quires (foll. 24v, 80v, 88v, 120v, 128v) serve as reclamantes giving the opening word of the quire that follows.
","Written in a centre with Irish connections, presumably in North-east France. Our manuscript is probably a direct copy of an Irish exemplar. One of a number of books presented to Laon cathedral in the late ninth century by Bernardus and Adelelmus; the inscription on fol. 1v reads: 'Hunc librum dederunt bernardus et adelelmus deo et sanctę Marię Laudunensis ecclesię.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2053
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1171.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1171.jpg 1172,828,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,764,"Written presumably in North-east France. Provenance the Cathedral of Laon. An earlier modern number '70' is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66934",,"foll. 5 and 73v ",,,"Script is a rather graceful early Caroline minuscule by several hands: both open **a** and **a** are used; noteworthy is the form of **a** with the bow ending in a long oblique; one hand uses a tall unusual form of **c** with the top thrown back (a form also found in Rheims MS 426, saec. IX in.); uncial **ꝺ** and **N** are frequent; the horizontals of **z** are distinctly curved; ascenders and descenders are often very long; the ligature **oꝛ** occurs even in mid-word. Probationes pennae saec. IX and X stand on foll. 1 and 189v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2059",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1172,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1172,"Script is a rather graceful early Caroline minuscule by several hands: both open a and a are used; noteworthy is the form of a with the bow ending in a long oblique; one hand uses a tall unusual form of c with the top thrown back (a form also found in Rheims MS 426, saec. IX in.); uncial ꝺ and N are frequent; the horizontals of z are distinctly curved; ascenders and descenders are often very long; the ligature oꝛ occurs even in mid-word. Probationes pennae saec. IX and X stand on foll. 1 and 189v.
","Written presumably in North-east France. Provenance the Cathedral of Laon. An earlier modern number '70' is seen on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2059
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1172.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1172.jpg 1173,829,"a-z Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,6,765,"Written probably at Laon. Provenance apparently the Carthusian monastery of Val S Pierre near Laon. Members of the same group are Laon 423 (see [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1174)), Colmar 45 + Bern 380 (CLA [6.752](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1160)), Cambridge, C.C.C. 334 (CLA [2.128](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441)), London B.M. Add. 31031 (CLA [2.174](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489)), Paris Lat. 2024 (fol. 130) (CLA [5.539](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/898)), Lat. 12168 from Corbie (CLA [5.630](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/685)), Basel NI 4 A + Freiburg im Breisgau 483, 12.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66935",,"fol. 108 ",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline French minuscule of a distinct type, known as Laon a-z: open **a** is formed by two angular **c**'s; the stem of **d** goes below the line and its bow is open when preceded by **o**; **e** has a knob-like fore-stroke; sickle-shaped suprascript **u** in the endings -bus, -mus, -tur; **y** has two forms; **z** in this manuscript has the normal minuscule form; ligatures with ꞇ and enclitic i— **fi**, **gi**, **ri**, **ti**, are frequent; final **t** after **i** and **n** is often reduced to a mere virgula; **ti** ligature is used mostly for the hard sound; the cedilla of **e** is drop-shaped. **G** with the tail turned to the right and capital **H** with the arched middle stroke recall forms found in Corbie manuscripts. Capital **M** with the second stroke extending far beyond the third is strongly reminiscent of Luxeuil. A cryptogram with the letters **ꞅ**, **s**, and **s**, and a sequence of dotted shapes which spells 'Orosius' occurs after the last Explicit.",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1173,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1173,"Script is a pre-Caroline French minuscule of a distinct type, known as Laon a-z: open a is formed by two angular c's; the stem of d goes below the line and its bow is open when preceded by o; e has a knob-like fore-stroke; sickle-shaped suprascript u in the endings -bus, -mus, -tur; y has two forms; z in this manuscript has the normal minuscule form; ligatures with ꞇ and enclitic i— fi, gi, ri, ti, are frequent; final t after i and n is often reduced to a mere virgula; ti ligature is used mostly for the hard sound; the cedilla of e is drop-shaped. G with the tail turned to the right and capital H with the arched middle stroke recall forms found in Corbie manuscripts. Capital M with the second stroke extending far beyond the third is strongly reminiscent of Luxeuil. A cryptogram with the letters ꞅ, s, and s, and a sequence of dotted shapes which spells 'Orosius' occurs after the last Explicit.
","Written probably at Laon. Provenance apparently the Carthusian monastery of Val S Pierre near Laon. Members of the same group are Laon 423 (see next item), Colmar 45 + Bern 380 (CLA 6.752), Cambridge, C.C.C. 334 (CLA 2.128), London B.M. Add. 31031 (CLA 2.174), Paris Lat. 2024 (fol. 130) (CLA 5.539), Lat. 12168 from Corbie (CLA 5.630), Basel NI 4 A + Freiburg im Breisgau 483, 12.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1173.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1173.jpg 1174,830,"a-z Minuscule",VIII,701,800,6,766,"Written probably at Laon. Provenance the Cathedral of Laon. Other manuscripts of the same type are enumerated under CLA [6.765](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1173).",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Prooemia in Libros Veteris et Novi Testamenti.",Parchment,,,"TM 66936",,"foll. 42v and 8v ",,,"Script is a rather inexpert specimen of a distinct type of early French minuscule known as a-z script, described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1173) and in CLA [2.128](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/441), [174](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/489), and [5.539](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/898). The subscription in an eighth-century cursive charter hand at the end of the book (fol. 79v) reads: 'Explicit liber premiorum. Ego dulcia scripsi et susscripsi istum librum rotarum'; it is not in the ink of the rest of the manuscript.",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1174,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1174,"Script is a rather inexpert specimen of a distinct type of early French minuscule known as a-z script, described in the preceding item and in CLA 2.128, 174, and 5.539. The subscription in an eighth-century cursive charter hand at the end of the book (fol. 79v) reads: 'Explicit liber premiorum. Ego dulcia scripsi et susscripsi istum librum rotarum'; it is not in the ink of the rest of the manuscript.
","Written probably at Laon. Provenance the Cathedral of Laon. Other manuscripts of the same type are enumerated under CLA 6.765.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1174.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1174.jpg 1175,831,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,6,767,"Written presumably at Corbie. The main manuscript belonged to the Cathedral of Laon.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Liber in Gloria Martyrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66937",,"fol. 188 ",,,"Script is the Corbie a-b type by an expert hand; for a fuller description of the type see CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914).",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1175,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1175,"Script is the Corbie a-b type by an expert hand; for a fuller description of the type see CLA 5.554.
","Written presumably at Corbie. The main manuscript belonged to the Cathedral of Laon.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1175.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1175.jpg 1176,832,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,768,"Written presumably at Orléans or Fleury for Theodulf (died 821) bishop of Orléans and at the same time Abbot of St Aignan, Micy and Fleury. Nothing is known of the manuscript's history in the following centuries. It was certainly at Le Puy in 1511, as is evident from the entry by Pierre Rostaing, canon of Le Puy (fol. 344). A sister manuscript is Paris Lat. 9380 (CLA [5.576](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/940)).",,,,"Biblia (Vulgata).",Parchment,,,"TM 66938",,"foll. 3 and 5v",,,"Script is a very careful, tiny Caroline minuscule by several hands; in the Capitula and Praefationes it is still smaller. The first prologue and the poems are in very regular small uncial, in which, curiously enough, **Q** is mostly capital. Variant readings occur in the margins, preceded by a signe de renvoi and 'alibi' or 'al'. Notae Tironianae are used on fol. 216v to indicate a heading for the rubricator.","☛cf. M. Mostert, The library of Fleury, p. 105 BF370. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1176,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1176,"Script is a very careful, tiny Caroline minuscule by several hands; in the Capitula and Praefationes it is still smaller. The first prologue and the poems are in very regular small uncial, in which, curiously enough, Q is mostly capital. Variant readings occur in the margins, preceded by a signe de renvoi and 'alibi' or 'al'. Notae Tironianae are used on fol. 216v to indicate a heading for the rubricator.
","Written presumably at Orléans or Fleury for Theodulf (died 821) bishop of Orléans and at the same time Abbot of St Aignan, Micy and Fleury. Nothing is known of the manuscript's history in the following centuries. It was certainly at Le Puy in 1511, as is evident from the entry by Pierre Rostaing, canon of Le Puy (fol. 344). A sister manuscript is Paris Lat. 9380 (CLA 5.576).
","☛cf. M. Mostert, The library of Fleury, p. 105 BF370.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1176.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1176.jpg 1177,833,"Mixed Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,769,"Origin uncertain. Palaeographical considerations and internal evidence suggest the vicinity of Lyon or Autun. The manuscript must have been at Lyon by the tenth century if one may judge by the mention of two Lyon bishops in the tenth-century insertion in the upper margin of fol. 219v: 'Uuido archieps [A.D. 928] alcherius eps [A.D. 926]....' Provenance the library of the Comtes de Lyon, i.e. the canons of the Cathedral.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Sm, 3–4 Rg, 1–2 Par).",Parchment,,,"TM 66939",,"foll. 234v and 250v",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0401&vue=1,"Script is ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, with marked intrusion of uncial elements: **a** has two forms, **ꝺ** is normally uncial, **G** and **R** regularly so in the main hand, uncial **M** and **S** frequently in other hands (foll. 83 ff., 192); **e** has a knob-like forestroke; **i** frequently goes below the line, especially at the beginning of a word; **x** has its lower left limb turned to the right; **z** thrusts boldly below the line; the cedilla of **e** is 6-shaped. Uncial **A** used as capital has the triangular form found in other Lyon and Autun manuscripts (CLA [6.718](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1121), [723](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1126) and CLA [5.691](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1081)). Probationes pennae saec. IX contain the names Dodo (foll. 121v, 158v), Beztardus (fol. 153), Adalbertus (foll. 158v, 159), Ainardus (fol. 176), and Boso (fol. 191v).","☛Stuttgart Vulgate MS D.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1177,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1177,"Script is ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, with marked intrusion of uncial elements: a has two forms, ꝺ is normally uncial, G and R regularly so in the main hand, uncial M and S frequently in other hands (foll. 83 ff., 192); e has a knob-like forestroke; i frequently goes below the line, especially at the beginning of a word; x has its lower left limb turned to the right; z thrusts boldly below the line; the cedilla of e is 6-shaped. Uncial A used as capital has the triangular form found in other Lyon and Autun manuscripts (CLA 6.718, 723 and CLA 5.691). Probationes pennae saec. IX contain the names Dodo (foll. 121v, 158v), Beztardus (fol. 153), Adalbertus (foll. 158v, 159), Ainardus (fol. 176), and Boso (fol. 191v).
","Origin uncertain. Palaeographical considerations and internal evidence suggest the vicinity of Lyon or Autun. The manuscript must have been at Lyon by the tenth century if one may judge by the mention of two Lyon bishops in the tenth-century insertion in the upper margin of fol. 219v: 'Uuido archieps [A.D. 928] alcherius eps [A.D. 926]....' Provenance the library of the Comtes de Lyon, i.e. the canons of the Cathedral.
","☛Stuttgart Vulgate MS D.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1177.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1177.jpg 1178,834,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,770,"Written presumably at Lyon. Certainly collated there by Archbishop Leidrad (†816). Provenance the library of 'the Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the canons of the Cathedral.",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae in Libro Joshua, Iudicum, Regum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66940",,"fol. 17v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0402&vue=1,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, of Burgundian type in part, by several hands working simultaneously: **a** and **d** have two forms; **Ᵹ** is seen on foll. 63 ff.; the shaft of **h** leans to the left; dotted **y** with a long tail occurs in the first part; the triangular form of uncial **A** with the sinuous middle stroke resting on the base-line occurs, e.g. on fol. 51v. Archbishop Leidrad collated the first part of the manuscript, cf. foll. 17v, 18, 22v, etc., and CLA [4.417](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/762).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1178,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1178,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, of Burgundian type in part, by several hands working simultaneously: a and d have two forms; Ᵹ is seen on foll. 63 ff.; the shaft of h leans to the left; dotted y with a long tail occurs in the first part; the triangular form of uncial A with the sinuous middle stroke resting on the base-line occurs, e.g. on fol. 51v. Archbishop Leidrad collated the first part of the manuscript, cf. foll. 17v, 18, 22v, etc., and CLA 4.417.
","Written presumably at Lyon. Certainly collated there by Archbishop Leidrad (†816). Provenance the library of 'the Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the canons of the Cathedral.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1178.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1178.jpg 1179,835,Uncial,VI²,551,600,6,771,"Written probably at Lyon or in its vicinity. Provenance the chapter library of the cathedral: the printed ex-libris 'Mrs. les Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the Canons, occurs on fol. 3 of MS 403. Part of MS 403 (foll. 50–128) was stolen by Libri and sold to Lord Ashburnham, who restored it to Lyon. 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' on fol. 128 is a Libri forgery. MS 1964 was acquired in 1895 from the library of the Dauphin de Verna, a family from the vicinity of Lyon.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Vetus Latina, Gn (16.9–end), Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt (1–11), Ios, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 66941",,"Image from MS. 1964, fol. 71 and MS. 403, fol. 42",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS1964&vue=1,"Script is a graceful and somewhat ornate uncial by well-trained scribes: the top strokes of **Ꝺ**, uncial **H**, **L**, **P**, **R** often curve to the left; half-uncial **d** is used for numerals. The bifolium 42/49 of MS 403 supplies a part that was missing: ‘hoc folium in codice menimae fuerat repertum'; the restoration is in a less ornate uncial and is somewhat later: descenders are markedly pointed; omission of **M** and **N** is marked by a horizontal with dot below. A curious and interesting type of seventh-century half-uncial with uncial intrusions is used for liturgical entries in MS 1964 (foll. 21v–23, 71v–75): -bus is abbreviated by **bs̄** and by **b** with the bow transecting the shaft (fol. 75); **q·**=que; **ihꝉ**=israel; **ꝓ**=per. Frequent corrections, glosses, and liturgical entries in various cursive and minuscule hands saec. VII–IX (e.g. MS 403, foll. 19, 39v, 76, 94v, 133, l36v; MS 1964, foll. 21, 23v). Early Notae Tironianae occur (e.g. MS 403, foll. 13–19 and MS 1964, fol. 71).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1179,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1179,"Script is a graceful and somewhat ornate uncial by well-trained scribes: the top strokes of Ꝺ, uncial H, L, P, R often curve to the left; half-uncial d is used for numerals. The bifolium 42/49 of MS 403 supplies a part that was missing: ‘hoc folium in codice menimae fuerat repertum'; the restoration is in a less ornate uncial and is somewhat later: descenders are markedly pointed; omission of M and N is marked by a horizontal with dot below. A curious and interesting type of seventh-century half-uncial with uncial intrusions is used for liturgical entries in MS 1964 (foll. 21v–23, 71v–75): -bus is abbreviated by bs̄ and by b with the bow transecting the shaft (fol. 75); q·=que; ihꝉ=israel; ꝓ=per. Frequent corrections, glosses, and liturgical entries in various cursive and minuscule hands saec. VII–IX (e.g. MS 403, foll. 19, 39v, 76, 94v, 133, l36v; MS 1964, foll. 21, 23v). Early Notae Tironianae occur (e.g. MS 403, foll. 13–19 and MS 1964, fol. 71).
","Written probably at Lyon or in its vicinity. Provenance the chapter library of the cathedral: the printed ex-libris 'Mrs. les Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the Canons, occurs on fol. 3 of MS 403. Part of MS 403 (foll. 50–128) was stolen by Libri and sold to Lord Ashburnham, who restored it to Lyon. 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' on fol. 128 is a Libri forgery. MS 1964 was acquired in 1895 from the library of the Dauphin de Verna, a family from the vicinity of Lyon.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1179.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1179.jpg 1180,836,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,6,772,"Written by a scribe schooled in the best Roman tradition, probably in France, as the mixed composition of the Psalter suggests. Delandine conjectures that the manuscript comes from the Monastery of the Ile Barbe in Lyon, but gives no evidence.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, (Vetus latina, Ps 10–27, 30–35, 37–51, 111–118, 130–139).",Parchment,,,"TM 66942",,"Image from fol. 70v of the Lyons manuscript ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0425&vue=1,"Script is a very round and stately uncial: **M** and **N** are broad; **F**, **P**, uncial **Q** hardly pass below the line; **L** and **Y** rise slightly above the head-line; the upper right branch of **X** normally ends in a small finial curving upwards. Numerous probationes pennae and palaeographically interesting marginal entries by several hands, saec. VII–VIII, in uncial (Lyon foll. 26, 71v), Merovingian minuscule (Lyon foll. 59v, 60, 74) and ornate charter script (fol. 88v): abbreviations include **ē** for est, **ꝓ** for per (occasionally prae) and **ꝙ** for qui; the spelling is atrocious: y occurs several times for i (foll. 71v, 74), a mis-spelling found in some Merovingian charters. Marginal insertions of proper names include 'Helderadus' and 'Avedsindus' in the Paris part (foll. 17, 35), and 'Ghodoldus' in the Lyon part (fol. 16). Notae Tironianae in Lyon, fol. 20v. The marginal entry 'Pippinus rix Francorum' (Paris, fol. 2) is a Libri forgery.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1180,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1180,"Script is a very round and stately uncial: M and N are broad; F, P, uncial Q hardly pass below the line; L and Y rise slightly above the head-line; the upper right branch of X normally ends in a small finial curving upwards. Numerous probationes pennae and palaeographically interesting marginal entries by several hands, saec. VII–VIII, in uncial (Lyon foll. 26, 71v), Merovingian minuscule (Lyon foll. 59v, 60, 74) and ornate charter script (fol. 88v): abbreviations include ē for est, ꝓ for per (occasionally prae) and ꝙ for qui; the spelling is atrocious: y occurs several times for i (foll. 71v, 74), a mis-spelling found in some Merovingian charters. Marginal insertions of proper names include 'Helderadus' and 'Avedsindus' in the Paris part (foll. 17, 35), and 'Ghodoldus' in the Lyon part (fol. 16). Notae Tironianae in Lyon, fol. 20v. The marginal entry 'Pippinus rix Francorum' (Paris, fol. 2) is a Libri forgery.
","Written by a scribe schooled in the best Roman tradition, probably in France, as the mixed composition of the Psalter suggests. Delandine conjectures that the manuscript comes from the Monastery of the Ile Barbe in Lyon, but gives no evidence.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1180.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1180.jpg 1181,837,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,773a,"Written probably in France and possibly at Lyon. Provenance uncertain; the Monastery of the Île Barbe in Lyon seems likely. The Paris part was stolen by Libri from the library at Lyon and was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (50–106).",Parchment,,,"TM 66943",,"fol. 49 ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0426&vue=1,"Script is an easy rapid uncial: the bow of uncial **A** ends in a fine hair-line; the hasta of uncial **E** is high; **F**, **P**, and uncial **Q** have an oblique finial; **Y** is short and undotted. Interesting annotations and insertions in rapid quarter-uncial employ **ꝓ** for pro and **q** with suprascript stroke for quae. Other additions in uncial and half-uncial. Two entries in poorly formed capitals, saec. VII–VIII, read: 'CUSTANTINE SUM' and 'CUSTANTINA' (Lyon foll. 19, 14).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1181,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1181,"Script is an easy rapid uncial: the bow of uncial A ends in a fine hair-line; the hasta of uncial E is high; F, P, and uncial Q have an oblique finial; Y is short and undotted. Interesting annotations and insertions in rapid quarter-uncial employ ꝓ for pro and q with suprascript stroke for quae. Other additions in uncial and half-uncial. Two entries in poorly formed capitals, saec. VII–VIII, read: 'CUSTANTINE SUM' and 'CUSTANTINA' (Lyon foll. 19, 14).
","Written probably in France and possibly at Lyon. Provenance uncertain; the Monastery of the Île Barbe in Lyon seems likely. The Paris part was stolen by Libri from the library at Lyon and was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1181.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1181.jpg 1182,838,Quarter-Uncial,"VII in",601,625,6,773b,"For origin and provenance see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1181).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (49).",Parchment,,,"TM 66944",,"fol. 1 ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0426&vue=1,"Script is expert, rapid quarter-uncial verging on minuscule: **a** is open; **c** is often tall; **g** in ligature is S-shaped; **i**-longa is found after **r** and **t**, a sign of antiquity; **N** has two forms; ligatures with **e** frequent; **a** is occasionally suprascript.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1182,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1182,"Script is expert, rapid quarter-uncial verging on minuscule: a is open; c is often tall; g in ligature is S-shaped; i-longa is found after r and t, a sign of antiquity; N has two forms; ligatures with e frequent; a is occasionally suprascript.
","For origin and provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1182.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1182.jpg 1183,839,Half-Uncial,"VII in",601,625,6,774a,"Written without doubt in a Merovingian centre and possibly at Lyon. Was at Lyon as early as the ninth century, as may be seen from the annotations by Florus Diaconus (†859/60).",,,,"Origenes, In Genesin et Exodum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66945",,"foll. 82v and 142v",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0443&vue=1,"Script is by two hands; the first is a heavy, not unpleasing half-uncial of an unusual cast with thick club-shaped ascenders and short verticals (to be compared with Lyon 604, CLA [6.783](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1196)); the second hand, seen on foll. 115–161v, is similar but not so expert; noteworthy is the squeezed **Ᵹ** resting almost on the line. Numerous marginal entries in Merovingian cursive and pre-Caroline minuscule mostly of a liturgical character; several contain names: Hilidius (fol. 17v), Gaudulfus diac. (fol. 24v, cf. 33), Siggolenus diaconus (fol. 58), Modenus (fol. 82), Mummolenus lictor (for lector, fol. 87v), Syggobertus (fol. 99), ...ald (fol. 121), Inportunus (fol. 129), Domnolus (ibid.), Faulfus (fol. 137), ...lus (fol. 142v). Notae Tironianae passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1183,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1183,"Script is by two hands; the first is a heavy, not unpleasing half-uncial of an unusual cast with thick club-shaped ascenders and short verticals (to be compared with Lyon 604, CLA 6.783); the second hand, seen on foll. 115–161v, is similar but not so expert; noteworthy is the squeezed Ᵹ resting almost on the line. Numerous marginal entries in Merovingian cursive and pre-Caroline minuscule mostly of a liturgical character; several contain names: Hilidius (fol. 17v), Gaudulfus diac. (fol. 24v, cf. 33), Siggolenus diaconus (fol. 58), Modenus (fol. 82), Mummolenus lictor (for lector, fol. 87v), Syggobertus (fol. 99), ...ald (fol. 121), Inportunus (fol. 129), Domnolus (ibid.), Faulfus (fol. 137), ...lus (fol. 142v). Notae Tironianae passim.
","Written without doubt in a Merovingian centre and possibly at Lyon. Was at Lyon as early as the ninth century, as may be seen from the annotations by Florus Diaconus (†859/60).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1183.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1183.jpg 1184,840,Uncial,VII,601,700,6,774b,"Origin uncertain, this portion was probably written in the same centre as the part that precedes it, both have the same size the same number of lines, the same Merovingian liturgical entries and are apparently copies of a Spanish exemplar. Was at Lyon by the ninth century, since it was read by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). The Paris leaves, removed by Libri, were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888. Libri's forged inscription on fol. 13v reads: 'Est S. loannis in Valle'.",0,,,"Origenes-Rufinus, Homiliae in Genesim, in Exodum, et in Leviticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66946",,"fol. 273v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0443&vue=1,"Script is uncial by a painstaking but not very expert hand: the bow of uncial **A** is small. A few marginalia in Merovingian cursive (foll. 162, 162v, 239, and Paris, foll. 11, 12v) include the names 'Irincmodus' (fol. 239) and 'Agiricus’ (Paris, fol. 6v); 'Placedus', written with a stylus, stands upside down at the top of fol. 1 of the Paris manuscript. Notae Tironianae on foll. 242v, 244. Annotations in the hand of Florus on fol. 187.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1184,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1184,"Script is uncial by a painstaking but not very expert hand: the bow of uncial A is small. A few marginalia in Merovingian cursive (foll. 162, 162v, 239, and Paris, foll. 11, 12v) include the names 'Irincmodus' (fol. 239) and 'Agiricus’ (Paris, fol. 6v); 'Placedus', written with a stylus, stands upside down at the top of fol. 1 of the Paris manuscript. Notae Tironianae on foll. 242v, 244. Annotations in the hand of Florus on fol. 187.
","Origin uncertain, this portion was probably written in the same centre as the part that precedes it, both have the same size the same number of lines, the same Merovingian liturgical entries and are apparently copies of a Spanish exemplar. Was at Lyon by the ninth century, since it was read by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). The Paris leaves, removed by Libri, were acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888. Libri's forged inscription on fol. 13v reads: 'Est S. loannis in Valle'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1184.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1184.jpg 1186,841,"Visigothic Minuscule and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,774c,"Written in France in a centre with Spanish connections and presumably at Lyon itself, considering the close relations with Spain maintained by Leidrad (†816) and Agobard (796–840) who both became bishops of Lyon. Agobard actually wrote Visigothic script. For provenance see preceding items.",,,,"Origines-Rufinus, Commentarii in Genesim, in Exodum, et in Leviticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66947",,"fol. 77v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0443&vue=1,"Script by a French and a Spanish scribe working side by side: Visigothic minuscule on foll. 7–11, 77v; pre-Caroline on foll. 77, 227–31.",,,3,9,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1186,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1186,"Script by a French and a Spanish scribe working side by side: Visigothic minuscule on foll. 7–11, 77v; pre-Caroline on foll. 77, 227–31.
","Written in France in a centre with Spanish connections and presumably at Lyon itself, considering the close relations with Spain maintained by Leidrad (†816) and Agobard (796–840) who both became bishops of Lyon. Agobard actually wrote Visigothic script. For provenance see preceding items.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1186.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1186.jpg 1187,842,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,6,775,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy, but an ancient Roman centre like Lyon is not to be excluded. The Paris leaves, acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888, had been removed from the Lyon volume by Libri. The forged ex-libris 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' stands on fol. 1.",0,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, In Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66948",,"fol. 262v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0452&vue=1,"Script is an expert, graceful uncial of the oldest type, with most letters confined between two lines. In Greek words the letters follow the Latin canon and some are wrongly formed (foll. 94, 127). Various marginal entries: 'ucusque' in ancient cursive (fol. 117v); 'liccio regum' in crude letters saec. VII (fol. 34), to be compared with a similar entry in Lyon 403, fol. 94v (CLA [6.771](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1179)); other entries on foll. 32, 44v. The name 'Sendelenus' first in monogram and then written out (saec. VII–VIII) occurs on fol. 276. Notae Tironianae on fol. 15v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1187,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1187,"Script is an expert, graceful uncial of the oldest type, with most letters confined between two lines. In Greek words the letters follow the Latin canon and some are wrongly formed (foll. 94, 127). Various marginal entries: 'ucusque' in ancient cursive (fol. 117v); 'liccio regum' in crude letters saec. VII (fol. 34), to be compared with a similar entry in Lyon 403, fol. 94v (CLA 6.771); other entries on foll. 32, 44v. The name 'Sendelenus' first in monogram and then written out (saec. VII–VIII) occurs on fol. 276. Notae Tironianae on fol. 15v.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy, but an ancient Roman centre like Lyon is not to be excluded. The Paris leaves, acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888, had been removed from the Lyon volume by Libri. The forged ex-libris 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1187.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1187.jpg 1188,843,Half-Uncial,VII¹,601,650,6,776,"Origin uncertain. Lyon is probable but an Italian centre is not to be excluded. Was at Lyon already in the ninth century judging from the familiar signs ⸢ and ⸣ marking passages to be excerpted. The Paris part belonged to the Dauphin de Verna, a family from the vicinity of Lyon; it was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale at the sale of the de Verna collection in 1895.",0,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ieremiam (5–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 66949",,"Image from fol. 70v and 95 of the Lyons portion",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0468&vue=1,"Script is careful but not very expert half-uncial: **a** has a form between uncial and half-uncial; **b** and **l** are broad at the base; **G** is uncial; the oblique of **N** is thin and high. Uncial is used in some lemmata and for the opening words of passages; it is also used, without any apparent reason, in the first or last line of a page and on two entire pages (Lyon, foll. 70v, 91). Sentences occasionally begin with a large letter followed by other letters gradually diminishing to normal size, an Insular practice. Marginalia in Italian type of cursive, quotations of psalms or beginnings of lessons occur on foll. 114v, 115, 134v, 135, 135v. A ninth-century scribe entered 'usque hic' or its short-hand equivalent in the margins passim. Glosses in the hand of Florus Diaconus (†859/60) on foll. 84, 99v, 101, 110v, 148v; his insertion on fol. 67 (of Lyon) is introduced by h answering hd in the text.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1188,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1188,"Script is careful but not very expert half-uncial: a has a form between uncial and half-uncial; b and l are broad at the base; G is uncial; the oblique of N is thin and high. Uncial is used in some lemmata and for the opening words of passages; it is also used, without any apparent reason, in the first or last line of a page and on two entire pages (Lyon, foll. 70v, 91). Sentences occasionally begin with a large letter followed by other letters gradually diminishing to normal size, an Insular practice. Marginalia in Italian type of cursive, quotations of psalms or beginnings of lessons occur on foll. 114v, 115, 134v, 135, 135v. A ninth-century scribe entered 'usque hic' or its short-hand equivalent in the margins passim. Glosses in the hand of Florus Diaconus (†859/60) on foll. 84, 99v, 101, 110v, 148v; his insertion on fol. 67 (of Lyon) is introduced by h answering hd in the text.
","Origin uncertain. Lyon is probable but an Italian centre is not to be excluded. Was at Lyon already in the ninth century judging from the familiar signs ⸢ and ⸣ marking passages to be excerpted. The Paris part belonged to the Dauphin de Verna, a family from the vicinity of Lyon; it was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale at the sale of the de Verna collection in 1895.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1188.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1188.jpg 1189,844,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,777,"Origin uncertain; the answer may lurk in the undeciphered part of the subscription reproduced in CLA. The manuscript was written by a scribe under Eastern influence, to judge by the script, position of quire-marks, colophon decoration and manner of dividing words. Was certainly at Lyon by the ninth century, since the volume was annotated by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). Provenance the chapter library of the Cathedral of Lyon.",0,,,"Augustinus, De Consensu Evangelistarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66950",,"foll. 102 and 202v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0478&vue=1,"Script is expert rapid uncial: the lower bow of uncial **A** is oval; **L** often goes below the line; **B** and **R** recall the forms characteristic of the legal type of uncial (CLA [2.211](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/529), [3.292](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624), [295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)). A contemporary entry in sloping cursive stands at the end of the manuscript on fol. 202v; it reads '† . . . nte in . . . quantum potui emendaui et supercalcaui'. An entry ('hic est') in Merovingian cursive on fol. 10. Annotations by Florus Diaconus occur on many pages.","☛E.A.Lowe, Palaeographical Papers II (1972), p. 466–74.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1189,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1189,"Script is expert rapid uncial: the lower bow of uncial A is oval; L often goes below the line; B and R recall the forms characteristic of the legal type of uncial (CLA 2.211, 3.292, 295). A contemporary entry in sloping cursive stands at the end of the manuscript on fol. 202v; it reads '† . . . nte in . . . quantum potui emendaui et supercalcaui'. An entry ('hic est') in Merovingian cursive on fol. 10. Annotations by Florus Diaconus occur on many pages.
","Origin uncertain; the answer may lurk in the undeciphered part of the subscription reproduced in CLA. The manuscript was written by a scribe under Eastern influence, to judge by the script, position of quire-marks, colophon decoration and manner of dividing words. Was certainly at Lyon by the ninth century, since the volume was annotated by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). Provenance the chapter library of the Cathedral of Lyon.
","☛E.A.Lowe, Palaeographical Papers II (1972), p. 466–74.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1189.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1189.jpg 1190,845,Uncial,VII,601,700,6,778,"Origin uncertain. For provenance see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1189).",0,,,"Maximus Taurinensis, Sermones (88, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66951",,"fol. 203v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0478&vue=1,"Script is a round pleasing uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish and small and often rises above the line; **N** and **O** are rather broad; **S** inclines to the right; the base of **T** is a fine half-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1190,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1190,"Script is a round pleasing uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is roundish and small and often rises above the line; N and O are rather broad; S inclines to the right; the base of T is a fine half-line.
","Origin uncertain. For provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1190.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1190.jpg 1191,846,Half-Uncial,V–VI,401,600,6,779,"Written in Italy and later was apparently at Verona as the marginal entries by Pacificus suggest. Belonged to the library of the 'Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the Canons of the Cathedral. The manuscript probably reached Lyon in the ninth century to judge by the constant occurrence of ˹ and ˺ symbols used by Florus Diaconus (†859/60) to mark passages for excerpting.",3,,,"Origenes, Commentarii in Epistulam Paulum ad Romanos (1–5, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66952",,"foll. 72v and 258",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0483&vue=1,"Script is a graceful and expert half-uncial of an ancient type strongly recalling Verona 37 (35) (CLA [4.493](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/841)) especially in the letters **a**, **g**, **N**, **p**, and **z**: **f** has the uncial form, **g** resembles a large **S** with a thin roof; the oblique of **N** is thin; **o** is often written within the bow of a preceding **l**; the shoulder of **r** bends down to the base-line; **z** has a prancing form and goes below the line (fol. 322v); ligatures occur: **ge**, **re**, **li**, **ti**. Marginalia in contemporary slanting half-uncial with uncial **R** (foll. 9, 258, 314v). A few notes in early Caroline seem to be in the hand of Pacificus of Verona. The Nota Tironiana 'usque hic' occurs often.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1191,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1191,"Script is a graceful and expert half-uncial of an ancient type strongly recalling Verona 37 (35) (CLA 4.493) especially in the letters a, g, N, p, and z: f has the uncial form, g resembles a large S with a thin roof; the oblique of N is thin; o is often written within the bow of a preceding l; the shoulder of r bends down to the base-line; z has a prancing form and goes below the line (fol. 322v); ligatures occur: ge, re, li, ti. Marginalia in contemporary slanting half-uncial with uncial R (foll. 9, 258, 314v). A few notes in early Caroline seem to be in the hand of Pacificus of Verona. The Nota Tironiana 'usque hic' occurs often.
","Written in Italy and later was apparently at Verona as the marginal entries by Pacificus suggest. Belonged to the library of the 'Comtes de Lyon', i.e. the Canons of the Cathedral. The manuscript probably reached Lyon in the ninth century to judge by the constant occurrence of ˹ and ˺ symbols used by Florus Diaconus (†859/60) to mark passages for excerpting.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1191.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1191.jpg 1192,847,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,780,"Written in France, apparently in a Burgundian centre. Was given to the cathedral of Lyon by Archbishop Leidrad (798–814): 'Leidrat licet indignus tamen episcopus istum librum tradidi ad altare S. Stephani', etc. is entered on fol. 1 in a contemporary hand which is not the donor's (CLA [4.417](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/762)) nor the one which made similar entries in Paris Lat. 152 and 11709.",3,,,"Gregorius Nazianzenus-Rufinus, Liber Apologeticus, De Nativitate Domini, De Epiphania, De Pentechosten et de Spiritu Sancto.",Parchment,,,"TM 66953",,"fol. 29 ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0599&vue=1,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a distinct type, seen also in Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1740 (foll. 193–197 (see CLA [5.691](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1081)): open **a** is the rule, **a** the exception; the shaft of **h** often bends backward; **T** has two forms, one resembling the Visigothic and Beneventan; ascenders are club-shaped; the bow of uncial **A** at beginning of sentence is often triangular with the base swinging along the line. Annotations by the hand of Florus Diaconus are found on many pages. The Leidrad dedication and probationes pennae repeating it occur on the originally blank recto of fol. 1.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1192,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1192,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a distinct type, seen also in Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1740 (foll. 193–197 (see CLA 5.691): open a is the rule, a the exception; the shaft of h often bends backward; T has two forms, one resembling the Visigothic and Beneventan; ascenders are club-shaped; the bow of uncial A at beginning of sentence is often triangular with the base swinging along the line. Annotations by the hand of Florus Diaconus are found on many pages. The Leidrad dedication and probationes pennae repeating it occur on the originally blank recto of fol. 1.
","Written in France, apparently in a Burgundian centre. Was given to the cathedral of Lyon by Archbishop Leidrad (798–814): 'Leidrat licet indignus tamen episcopus istum librum tradidi ad altare S. Stephani', etc. is entered on fol. 1 in a contemporary hand which is not the donor's (CLA 4.417) nor the one which made similar entries in Paris Lat. 152 and 11709.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1192.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1192.jpg 1193,848,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,781,"Written probably in South France. Was at Lyon by the ninth century as the Florus corrections prove. Belonged to the 'Comtes de Lyon’. The Paris part, which had been stolen by Libri, was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888. The ownership-mark 'Est sancti Petri de Perosio' on fol. 19v is a Libri forgery.",2,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66954",,"Image from the opening, foll. 32v-33 of the Lyons manuscript ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0600&vue=1,"Script is late type of uncial: long hair-line finials of **I** and descenders are striking; stem of **Ꝺ** is tall; third stroke of **N** is often comma-shaped; top of **T** has a thick pendant to the left. Marginal entries in cursive minuscule: mon(achis), cl(ericis), gen(eraliter), etc.; cf. the ascetical collection in Paris Lat. 14086, foll. 186 ff. (CLA [5.664](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1049)). An interlinear note in small minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 12; corrections in the hand of Florus Diaconus passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1193,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1193,"Script is late type of uncial: long hair-line finials of I and descenders are striking; stem of Ꝺ is tall; third stroke of N is often comma-shaped; top of T has a thick pendant to the left. Marginal entries in cursive minuscule: mon(achis), cl(ericis), gen(eraliter), etc.; cf. the ascetical collection in Paris Lat. 14086, foll. 186 ff. (CLA 5.664). An interlinear note in small minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 12; corrections in the hand of Florus Diaconus passim.
","Written probably in South France. Was at Lyon by the ninth century as the Florus corrections prove. Belonged to the 'Comtes de Lyon’. The Paris part, which had been stolen by Libri, was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1888. The ownership-mark 'Est sancti Petri de Perosio' on fol. 19v is a Libri forgery.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1193.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1193.jpg 1194,849,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,6,782a,"Written doubtless in France. Provenance uncertain; the cathedral or some monastery at Lyon seems most likely.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae, Dialogus Contra Pelagianos.",Parchment,,,"TM 66955",,"foll. 43v and 21",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0602&vue=1,"Script is uncial by several hands: noteworthy are the stake-shaped descenders of **F**, **P**, uncial **Q**, **R**; **G** has a rather short tail; **B**, **R** are often badly joined; half-uncial **b** occurs. Early Notae Tironianae seen in the margins passim.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1194,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1194,"Script is uncial by several hands: noteworthy are the stake-shaped descenders of F, P, uncial Q, R; G has a rather short tail; B, R are often badly joined; half-uncial b occurs. Early Notae Tironianae seen in the margins passim.
","Written doubtless in France. Provenance uncertain; the cathedral or some monastery at Lyon seems most likely.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1194.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1194.jpg 1195,850,Half-Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,6,782b,"Written doubtless in the same centre as the uncial part with which it is bound, to judge from the insertions by the uncial hand.",,,,"Hieronymus, Adversus Iovinianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66956",,"fol. 120 ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0602&vue=1,"Script is a rather gauche but clear half-uncial: the bow of **b** is broad and often open, a form not infrequent in half-uncial of French origin; uncial **G** occurs; the shoulder of **r** is high; **ꞇ** leans to the right and stops abruptly. Marginal instructions saec. IX to an early copyist are seen on foll. 134v ('hec scribere') and 140 ('usque hic scribe').",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1195,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1195,"Script is a rather gauche but clear half-uncial: the bow of b is broad and often open, a form not infrequent in half-uncial of French origin; uncial G occurs; the shoulder of r is high; ꞇ leans to the right and stops abruptly. Marginal instructions saec. IX to an early copyist are seen on foll. 134v ('hec scribere') and 140 ('usque hic scribe').
","Written doubtless in the same centre as the uncial part with which it is bound, to judge from the insertions by the uncial hand.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1195.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1195.jpg 1196,851,Half-Uncial,"VII in",601,625,6,783,"Written possibly at Lyon, quite certainly in a Merovingian centre. Was at Lyon as early as the ninth century where it was annotated by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). Later belonged to the chapter library of Lyon. The Paris part was stolen by Libri, whose forged inscription, 'Est S. Ioannis in Valle', stands on fol. 42v.",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 66957",,"fol. 64v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0604&vue=1,"Script is half-uncial of a rather curious type to be compared with Lyon 443 (CLA [6.774a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1183)): **e** is open and often inclined to the left; the hasta of **F** often pierces the stem; **Ᵹ** is used from fol. 1 to ca. fol. 53 (Lyon); thereafter, although the hand does not change, **G** is the rule and **Ᵹ** the exception. A line in uncial occurs here and there without any apparent reason. Marginalia in Merovingian charter hand and in barbarous spelling are seen on several pages, e.g.: 'In christum venerabele mihy et nimiom desederabele' (Lyon, fol. 23v); 'Deus qui in altis abetas et humiliam respecis respeci seruom tuhom marcillinum' (Paris, foll. 33, 34v, 35); and in crude half-uncial saec. VIII: ‘Iuliana legit lebrom estum. Iuliana fecit' (Lyon, fol. 86); the name Ansefredus, saec. IX, occurs on fol. 30 of the Paris part. Many annotations in the well-known hand of Florus Diaconus.","☛Formerly Lyon, Bibliothèque Municipale 788 (foll. 49–58).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1196,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1196,"Script is half-uncial of a rather curious type to be compared with Lyon 443 (CLA 6.774a): e is open and often inclined to the left; the hasta of F often pierces the stem; Ᵹ is used from fol. 1 to ca. fol. 53 (Lyon); thereafter, although the hand does not change, G is the rule and Ᵹ the exception. A line in uncial occurs here and there without any apparent reason. Marginalia in Merovingian charter hand and in barbarous spelling are seen on several pages, e.g.: 'In christum venerabele mihy et nimiom desederabele' (Lyon, fol. 23v); 'Deus qui in altis abetas et humiliam respecis respeci seruom tuhom marcillinum' (Paris, foll. 33, 34v, 35); and in crude half-uncial saec. VIII: ‘Iuliana legit lebrom estum. Iuliana fecit' (Lyon, fol. 86); the name Ansefredus, saec. IX, occurs on fol. 30 of the Paris part. Many annotations in the well-known hand of Florus Diaconus.
","Written possibly at Lyon, quite certainly in a Merovingian centre. Was at Lyon as early as the ninth century where it was annotated by Florus Diaconus (†859/60). Later belonged to the chapter library of Lyon. The Paris part was stolen by Libri, whose forged inscription, 'Est S. Ioannis in Valle', stands on fol. 42v.
","☛Formerly Lyon, Bibliothèque Municipale 788 (foll. 49–58).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1196.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1196.jpg 1197,852,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,6,784,"Written in Italy and probably in the North. There is some resemblance to the Ravenna Ambrose (CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754) and [b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)). Was at Lyon by the ninth century as the Florus annotations show.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (1–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 66958",,"foll. 39v, 27, 53 ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0607&vue=1,"Script by several similar hands is an expert and graceful half-uncial with marked uncial admixture: half-uncial **a** resembles a minuscule **d** with short vertical stroke; uncial **A** occurs at line-end; most scribes use uncial **G**, one (foll. 67v. ff.) uses **Ᵹ**; uncial forms of **Ꝺ**, **F**, **M**, **R**, **S** occur often, **A** and **B** here and there. Prefaces and analyses added in the margins are in a contemporary Italian cursive minuscule by very expert scnbe who abbreviates -bus by **b·** and **b’**, both with the bow prolonged below the line, id est by **id** with the shaft of **d** prolonged on the line and intersected, and per by **ꝑ**, and has spellings like ‘iobe’ (iove), ‘minerbam', 'benerem'; the analysis on fol. 104v in slightly later half-uncial stands over erased sixth-century cursive minuscule. Annotations in the hand of Florus Diaconus (†859/60) occur passim (foll. 99v, 117v, etc.).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1197,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1197,"Script by several similar hands is an expert and graceful half-uncial with marked uncial admixture: half-uncial a resembles a minuscule d with short vertical stroke; uncial A occurs at line-end; most scribes use uncial G, one (foll. 67v. ff.) uses Ᵹ; uncial forms of Ꝺ, F, M, R, S occur often, A and B here and there. Prefaces and analyses added in the margins are in a contemporary Italian cursive minuscule by very expert scnbe who abbreviates -bus by b· and b’, both with the bow prolonged below the line, id est by id with the shaft of d prolonged on the line and intersected, and per by ꝑ, and has spellings like ‘iobe’ (iove), ‘minerbam', 'benerem'; the analysis on fol. 104v in slightly later half-uncial stands over erased sixth-century cursive minuscule. Annotations in the hand of Florus Diaconus (†859/60) occur passim (foll. 99v, 117v, etc.).
","Written in Italy and probably in the North. There is some resemblance to the Ravenna Ambrose (CLA 4.410a and b). Was at Lyon by the ninth century as the Florus annotations show.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1197.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1197.jpg 1198,853,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",779,797,6,785,"Written probably in East France or Switzerland, to judge from the script. The Paris fragment belonged to Baluze.",,,,"Tabula Paschalis; Computus; Translatio S Mariae Virginis; Passio S Alexandri; Isidorus, Etymologiae (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 66691",,"fol. 31v ",,http://florus.bm-lyon.fr/visualisation.php?cote=MS0788&vue=1,"Script is early minuscule, by several hands: **a** like contiguous oc, **ꞇ** with the top looped to the left, and **e** with the knob-like fore-stroke recall Burgundian types (see CLA [6.720](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1123), [723](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1126), [727b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1132)). A title and probationes pennae saec. IX on fol. 27, originally blank; one probatio pennae shows Visigothic influence.","☛=CLA [5.561](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/921). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2583a.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1198,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1198,"Script is early minuscule, by several hands: a like contiguous oc, ꞇ with the top looped to the left, and e with the knob-like fore-stroke recall Burgundian types (see CLA 6.720, 723, 727b). A title and probationes pennae saec. IX on fol. 27, originally blank; one probatio pennae shows Visigothic influence.
","Written probably in East France or Switzerland, to judge from the script. The Paris fragment belonged to Baluze.
","☛=CLA 5.561. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2583a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1198.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1198.jpg 1199,854,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,786,"Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices. Belonged to the Cathedral of Metz. Destroyed in 1944. Full-size photographs of the entire manuscript exist in the Abbey of S Girolamo, Rome.",,,,"Biblia, partim. (Vulgata, Prv, Ecl, Ct, Sap, Sir, Dn, 1–2 Par, 1–2 Esr, Est, 1 Mcc, Prv, Lc, Mt, Mc, Io, 1–2 Th, Col, Act, Apc; Vetus Latina, Idc, Tb).",Parchment,,,"TM 66959",,"fol. 198 ",,,"Script is a good specimen of early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Metz 134 and 732 (fol. 4) (CLA [6.788](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1202), [790](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1204)): both **a** and open **a** are used; uncial **ꝺ** occurs, uncial **N** is frequent; the foot of **r** curves to the right; ligature **NT** occurs even in mid-word. Capitula and Argumenta of Epistles are in a small neat script. Contemporary marginalia (foll. 47v, 52) in rather cursive minuscule have **ꞇ** with a superposed **c** for -tur. The manuscript was corrected throughout in the twelfth century.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2767. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften I p.217-28.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1199,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1199,"Script is a good specimen of early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Metz 134 and 732 (fol. 4) (CLA 6.788, 790): both a and open a are used; uncial ꝺ occurs, uncial N is frequent; the foot of r curves to the right; ligature NT occurs even in mid-word. Capitula and Argumenta of Epistles are in a small neat script. Contemporary marginalia (foll. 47v, 52) in rather cursive minuscule have ꞇ with a superposed c for -tur. The manuscript was corrected throughout in the twelfth century.
","Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices. Belonged to the Cathedral of Metz. Destroyed in 1944. Full-size photographs of the entire manuscript exist in the Abbey of S Girolamo, Rome.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2767. ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften I p.217-28.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1199.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1199.jpg 1201,855,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,787,"Written apparently in Western Germany to judge by the script, and manifestly in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Destroyed in 1944.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae Maiores & Prophetae Minores (Vulgata).",Parchment,,,"TM 66960",,"fol. 6v ",,,"Script is mainly elongated Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands, with **r** and **s** going well below the line; roundish, pre-Caroline minuscule occurs in several passages (foll. 6v, 21, 75, etc.): **g** has the Insular form; uncial **N** is frequent; **ti** ligature occurs for soft ti; the hand seen on fol. 6v bears striking resemblance to that of Meginfrit, the scribe of Bamberg Class. 3 (11), formerly M. V. 12 (CLA [8.1027a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482)). Lists of German names are added by a ninth-century hand on foll. Av and 153v.","☛B. Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2768, dates the text to the early ninth century. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1201,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1201,"Script is mainly elongated Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands, with r and s going well below the line; roundish, pre-Caroline minuscule occurs in several passages (foll. 6v, 21, 75, etc.): g has the Insular form; uncial N is frequent; ti ligature occurs for soft ti; the hand seen on fol. 6v bears striking resemblance to that of Meginfrit, the scribe of Bamberg Class. 3 (11), formerly M. V. 12 (CLA 8.1027a). Lists of German names are added by a ninth-century hand on foll. Av and 153v.
","Written apparently in Western Germany to judge by the script, and manifestly in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Destroyed in 1944.
","☛B. Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2768, dates the text to the early ninth century.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1201.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1201.jpg 1202,856,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,788,"Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices. Provenance: the abbey of St Amulph of Metz: the ex-libris saec. X–XI 'Liber sancti Amulfi. Si quis abstulerit maledictus sit ex Patre et Filio et Spiritu Sancto Amen' stands on fol. 221v. Destroyed in 1944.",,,,"Ephraim Syrus, Sermones; Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66961",,"fol. 64v ",,,"Script is a careful early Caroline minuscule by several scribes: both **a** and open **a** are used; **N** is mostly uncial; the foot of **r** curves to the right; the top of **s** is longish; ligature **Nꞇ** is frequent. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 39v, 41v, 116v, 155, 161. A probatio pennae with Metz type of neumes is seen on fol. 21. A twelfth-century hand added liturgical formulas on foll. 217 and 218v .","☛B. Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2770.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1202,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1202,"Script is a careful early Caroline minuscule by several scribes: both a and open a are used; N is mostly uncial; the foot of r curves to the right; the top of s is longish; ligature Nꞇ is frequent. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 39v, 41v, 116v, 155, 161. A probatio pennae with Metz type of neumes is seen on fol. 21. A twelfth-century hand added liturgical formulas on foll. 217 and 218v .
","Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices. Provenance: the abbey of St Amulph of Metz: the ex-libris saec. X–XI 'Liber sancti Amulfi. Si quis abstulerit maledictus sit ex Patre et Filio et Spiritu Sancto Amen' stands on fol. 221v. Destroyed in 1944.
","☛B. Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2770.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1202.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1202.jpg 1203,857,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,789,"Origin uncertain. The whole manuscript belonged to the monastery of St Amulph of Metz. The Metz leaves had been removed from Metz MS 79. The manuscript to which the 2 Montpellier leaves are attached has the erased ex-libris saec. XII: 'Iste lib e sci arnulphi' (fol. 186v). It came into the possession of Pierre Pithou (his signature is on foll. 1 and 186v) who presented his collection to the Oratory of Troyes, whence it passed to the municipal library of Troyes and thence ca. 1804 to the Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier.",0,,,"Cyrillus Alexandrinus, De Ratione Paschae (fragm.); Eucherius, De Quaestionis Veteris Testamenti (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66962",,"Image from Montpellier 241, fol. Av ",,,"Script is bold uncial not of the oldest type, with strokes often ill-joined: the bow of uncial **A** is round and hangs above the line; the lower bow of **B** is broad and protrudes; the upright of **R** goes below the line. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1203,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1203,"Script is bold uncial not of the oldest type, with strokes often ill-joined: the bow of uncial A is round and hangs above the line; the lower bow of B is broad and protrudes; the upright of R goes below the line.
","Origin uncertain. The whole manuscript belonged to the monastery of St Amulph of Metz. The Metz leaves had been removed from Metz MS 79. The manuscript to which the 2 Montpellier leaves are attached has the erased ex-libris saec. XII: 'Iste lib e sci arnulphi' (fol. 186v). It came into the possession of Pierre Pithou (his signature is on foll. 1 and 186v) who presented his collection to the Oratory of Troyes, whence it passed to the municipal library of Troyes and thence ca. 1804 to the Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1203.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1203.jpg 1204,858,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,790,"Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 2 Par 29.11–27).",Parchment,,,"TM 66963",,"fol. 4 ",,,"Script is roundish, early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Metz 7 and 134 (CLA [6.786](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1199), [788](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1202)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2781.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1204,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1204,"Script is roundish, early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Metz 7 and 134 (CLA 6.786, 788).
","Written in a centre apparently under the influence of the school which produced the Ada-group codices.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2781.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1204.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1204.jpg 1205,860,"B-type Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,6,791,"Origin probably North-east France. Provenance the Abbey of Gellone: the ex-libris 'Ex manuscriptis monasterii Sancti Guillelmi de Deserto Cathalogo inscriptus' (saec. XVIII–XIX) is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 66964",,"fol. 44v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a graceful minuscule of a distinct type akin to the Corbie a-b script (seen in CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118); [2.238](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/557); [5.558](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/918); and [6.719](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1122)): **a** is like contiguous **oc** except in ligature when it approaches the a-b script form of **a** and is often suprascript; **b** has a tag to the right; the shaft of **h** leans to the left; **o** resembles a compressed uncial **ꝺ**; sickle-shaped suprascript **u** is frequent, likewise the ligatures **ri** and **ti** (for both hard and soft sounds). The uncial used for the headings is a type noteworthy for them with the bows rising branch-like above the line and the **N** with the uprights leaning towards each other; the same type is seen in CLA [1.105](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118); [2.238](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/557); [5.529](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/886), [567](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929), [639](Early Caroline Minuscule), and in the group of three manuscripts (Cologne 63, 65, 67) written by nuns in the time of Archbishop Hildebald (785–819).",,,,,7,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1205,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1205,"Script, by several hands, is a graceful minuscule of a distinct type akin to the Corbie a-b script (seen in CLA 1.105; 2.238; 5.558; and 6.719): a is like contiguous oc except in ligature when it approaches the a-b script form of a and is often suprascript; b has a tag to the right; the shaft of h leans to the left; o resembles a compressed uncial ꝺ; sickle-shaped suprascript u is frequent, likewise the ligatures ri and ti (for both hard and soft sounds). The uncial used for the headings is a type noteworthy for them with the bows rising branch-like above the line and the N with the uprights leaning towards each other; the same type is seen in CLA 1.105; 2.238; 5.529, 567, [639](Early Caroline Minuscule), and in the group of three manuscripts (Cologne 63, 65, 67) written by nuns in the time of Archbishop Hildebald (785–819).
","Origin probably North-east France. Provenance the Abbey of Gellone: the ex-libris 'Ex manuscriptis monasterii Sancti Guillelmi de Deserto Cathalogo inscriptus' (saec. XVIII–XIX) is seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1205.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1205.jpg 1206,861,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,6,792,"Written at Corbie or some neighbouring centre in North France. Nothing is known of the history of the manuscript till it was acquired by President Bouhier of Dijon ca. 1720: 'Codex MS Bibliothecae Buherianae C. 15 MDCCXXI' stands on the front fly-leaf. His library was bought by the abbey of Clairvaux, whence our manuscript passed into the municipal library of Troyes. It was one of the 320 manuscripts given by Troyes to the University of Montpellier around the year 1804.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (9, 30–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 66965",,"fol. 58v ",,,"Script by several hands is the distinct type known as 'Corbie' a-b and described in CLA [5.554](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914): **i**-longa initially and sometimes semivocally; **y** is short and dotted. Marginal entries in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. on foll. 58v, 61v, 65v. Abbreviations here and there were expanded with a stylus (e.g. fol. 58v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no.2826a",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1206,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1206,"Script by several hands is the distinct type known as 'Corbie' a-b and described in CLA 5.554: i-longa initially and sometimes semivocally; y is short and dotted. Marginal entries in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. on foll. 58v, 61v, 65v. Abbreviations here and there were expanded with a stylus (e.g. fol. 58v).
","Written at Corbie or some neighbouring centre in North France. Nothing is known of the history of the manuscript till it was acquired by President Bouhier of Dijon ca. 1720: 'Codex MS Bibliothecae Buherianae C. 15 MDCCXXI' stands on the front fly-leaf. His library was bought by the abbey of Clairvaux, whence our manuscript passed into the municipal library of Troyes. It was one of the 320 manuscripts given by Troyes to the University of Montpellier around the year 1804.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no.2826a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1206.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1206.jpg 1207,862,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,6,793,"Written at Autun or in the neighbouring monastery of St George in Couches, at the order of Bishop Martin by the scribe Uulfinus, who tells us this in the page-long subscription at the end of the volume (fol. 139v, reproduced in full in Album paliographique). A Bishop Martin ruled at Autun between 765–815. A slightly later entry in uncial on the same page reads: 'HIC EST LEX . . . COLTICENSE (Couches) . . .', and below it a ninth-century entry in minuscule mentions 'Ioanno espo (for epso) secundum Adalfario abba' (a Bishop Ionas ruled the see of Autun 850–866). The manuscript came into the possession of President Bouhier, the Dijon collector, who in 1721 had it decorated with a miniature of Theodosius and another emperor. From the Bouhier collection the manuscript passed to Clairvaux, then to Troyes, and finally, about 1804, to the University of Montpellier.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici.",Parchment,,,"TM 66966",,"fol. 30 ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a type in vogue in Burgundy: **a** resembles two contiguous c's; the shaft of **h** leans to the left; the top of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; the stems of **l** and **b** often bend near the foot. In uncial headings and in the subscription at the end the forms uncial **A** and **N** are noteworthy and seem Burgundian. An entry by the original scribe at the top of fol. 2v reads: 'ipso die III id april incipimus scribere'. Notae Tironianae here and there (e.g. fol. 6v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2827a",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1207,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1207,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a type in vogue in Burgundy: a resembles two contiguous c's; the shaft of h leans to the left; the top of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; the stems of l and b often bend near the foot. In uncial headings and in the subscription at the end the forms uncial A and N are noteworthy and seem Burgundian. An entry by the original scribe at the top of fol. 2v reads: 'ipso die III id april incipimus scribere'. Notae Tironianae here and there (e.g. fol. 6v).
","Written at Autun or in the neighbouring monastery of St George in Couches, at the order of Bishop Martin by the scribe Uulfinus, who tells us this in the page-long subscription at the end of the volume (fol. 139v, reproduced in full in Album paliographique). A Bishop Martin ruled at Autun between 765–815. A slightly later entry in uncial on the same page reads: 'HIC EST LEX . . . COLTICENSE (Couches) . . .', and below it a ninth-century entry in minuscule mentions 'Ioanno espo (for epso) secundum Adalfario abba' (a Bishop Ionas ruled the see of Autun 850–866). The manuscript came into the possession of President Bouhier, the Dijon collector, who in 1721 had it decorated with a miniature of Theodosius and another emperor. From the Bouhier collection the manuscript passed to Clairvaux, then to Troyes, and finally, about 1804, to the University of Montpellier.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2827a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1207.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1207.jpg 1208,863,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,794,"Written presumably in Burgundy, in a centre under Insular influence, as the initial decoration suggests. Came from the library of Bouhier, in which it had the number C. 53 (first fly-leaf). Reached Montpellier in the same way as CLA [6.792](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1206).",,,,"Priscianus, Institutiones Grammaticae; Pompeius Grammaticus, Commentarii in Donatum; Donatus, Opus Incertum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66967",,"fol. 59 ",,,"Script is a roundish regular Burgundian minuscule: open **a** resembles two c's; **h** leans to the left; the top of **ꞇ** is looped to the left.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1208,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1208,"Script is a roundish regular Burgundian minuscule: open a resembles two c's; h leans to the left; the top of ꞇ is looped to the left.
","Written presumably in Burgundy, in a centre under Insular influence, as the initial decoration suggests. Came from the library of Bouhier, in which it had the number C. 53 (first fly-leaf). Reached Montpellier in the same way as CLA 6.792.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1208.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1208.jpg 1209,864,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,795,"Written in a South-east German centre and probably in the monastery of Mondsee, to judge by the script. It is one of the finest products of that region and may have been written for a royal personage. It was certainly in North-east France before 794 (the terminus ad quem of the Litany) and apparently was used, as the Litany suggests, in the nunnery of Notre-Dame at Soissons, by a relative of Charlemagne's daughter, Rotrude (†810), whose name occurs in a prayer at the end of the Litany. Its presence at Auxerre may be presumed from the entries on foll. 1, 2. Later in President Bouhier's collection (there numbered E. 69) whence it passed to Clairvaux, then to Troyes, and finally to Montpellier.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium Romanum cum interpretationibus (Vetus Latina, Ps). ",Parchment,,,"TM 66968",,"foll. 13, 168, 344",,,"Script is graceful roundish early Caroline minuscule of the South-east German type, by two hands; the first hand is identical with that of Vienna Fragm. 9/8, the Pauline Epistles from Mondsee: **a** and **g** have two forms; frequent ligatures of **fi**, **hi**, **ri**, **ti**, **mt** between two words, **nt** and **or** in midword. Foll. 331–346 are written by another hand on less fine parchment; initials are coloured blue and yellow; ink pale brown. This part is dated 783–794 by its mention of Pope Hadrian (†795) and Queen Fastrada (†794). Noteworthy in the Litany are the Old French phrases 'tu lo iuua' and 'tu los iuua'. A prayer for Rotrude stands on fol. 344v in an early ninth-century hand. A letter (saec. IX–X) from all the monastic houses of Auxerre stands on fol. 1; a note (saec. X) commemorating Bernegaudus, probably a monk of St Germain d'Auxerre, is seen on fol. 2. Twelfth-century corrections.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 16–18. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1611. ☛F. Unterkircher, Die Glossen des Psalters von Mondsee (Spicilegium Friburgense 20). ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften II p.38. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2871a",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1209,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209,"Script is graceful roundish early Caroline minuscule of the South-east German type, by two hands; the first hand is identical with that of Vienna Fragm. 9/8, the Pauline Epistles from Mondsee: a and g have two forms; frequent ligatures of fi, hi, ri, ti, mt between two words, nt and or in midword. Foll. 331–346 are written by another hand on less fine parchment; initials are coloured blue and yellow; ink pale brown. This part is dated 783–794 by its mention of Pope Hadrian (†795) and Queen Fastrada (†794). Noteworthy in the Litany are the Old French phrases 'tu lo iuua' and 'tu los iuua'. A prayer for Rotrude stands on fol. 344v in an early ninth-century hand. A letter (saec. IX–X) from all the monastic houses of Auxerre stands on fol. 1; a note (saec. X) commemorating Bernegaudus, probably a monk of St Germain d'Auxerre, is seen on fol. 2. Twelfth-century corrections.
","Written in a South-east German centre and probably in the monastery of Mondsee, to judge by the script. It is one of the finest products of that region and may have been written for a royal personage. It was certainly in North-east France before 794 (the terminus ad quem of the Litany) and apparently was used, as the Litany suggests, in the nunnery of Notre-Dame at Soissons, by a relative of Charlemagne's daughter, Rotrude (†810), whose name occurs in a prayer at the end of the Litany. Its presence at Auxerre may be presumed from the entries on foll. 1, 2. Later in President Bouhier's collection (there numbered E. 69) whence it passed to Clairvaux, then to Troyes, and finally to Montpellier.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 16–18. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1611. ☛F. Unterkircher, Die Glossen des Psalters von Mondsee (Spicilegium Friburgense 20). ☛R. Gryson Altlateinische Handschriften II p.38. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2871a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1209.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1209.jpg 1210,866,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,796,"Written probably at Fleury. The manuscript was certainly there by the ninth century: the ex-libris 'Hic est liber sancti Benedicti Floriac.' in Rustic capitals saec. IX stands between the columns on p. 268.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Is, Ier, Lam, Bar, Ez, Dn, Os, Ioel, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi, Na, Hab, So, Agg, Za, Mal)",Parchment,,,"TM 66969",,"p. 444",,,"Script is a firm orderly minuscule by several hands: **a** and **d** have two forms; **g** has both the Insular and the Caroline forms, one hand (p. 298 ff.) uses uncial **G**; **nt** ligature frequent, even mid word. The name 'gozbertus’ in charter hand stands on p. 444. A responsorium in honour of St Frodobert of the diocese of Troyes is added on p. 6 by a ninth-century hand. Neumes on pp. 491 and 492.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF413. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3656",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1210,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1210,"Script is a firm orderly minuscule by several hands: a and d have two forms; g has both the Insular and the Caroline forms, one hand (p. 298 ff.) uses uncial G; nt ligature frequent, even mid word. The name 'gozbertus’ in charter hand stands on p. 444. A responsorium in honour of St Frodobert of the diocese of Troyes is added on p. 6 by a ninth-century hand. Neumes on pp. 491 and 492.
","Written probably at Fleury. The manuscript was certainly there by the ninth century: the ex-libris 'Hic est liber sancti Benedicti Floriac.' in Rustic capitals saec. IX stands between the columns on p. 268.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF413. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3656
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1210.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1210.jpg 1211,867,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,6,797,"Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance Fleury: on fol. 7, between the columns, stands the eighth-century ex-libris: 'Sci Benedicti abbati Floriacensi'.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata 1 Sm 8.19, 2 Sm 2.13–4.9, 1 Rg 7.27–8.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 66970",,"fol. 8v ",,,"Script is a regular and well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is small; the hasta of **F** coincides with the base-line; the crotch of **Y** rests on the line; ligatures of **OS** and **US** occur at line-ends. Interlinear additions and corrections in minuscule saec. IX in.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF416.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1211,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1211,"Script is a regular and well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial A is small; the hasta of F coincides with the base-line; the crotch of Y rests on the line; ligatures of OS and US occur at line-ends. Interlinear additions and corrections in minuscule saec. IX in.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance Fleury: on fol. 7, between the columns, stands the eighth-century ex-libris: 'Sci Benedicti abbati Floriacensi'.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF416.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1211.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1211.jpg 1212,868,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,798,"Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance Fleury to judge by corrections in the hand that corrected the Libri Regum described in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1211).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Ecl, Ct, Sap, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66971",,"foll. 14v, 11v",,,"Script is an easy graceful uncial: uncial **A** has a small bow; the eye of uncial **E** is mostly closed; uncial **M** is broad; **F** and **P** go well below the line; various ligatures with **S** occur at line-ends. Corrections and the prologue to Liber Sapientiae (fol. 15) are by a ninth-century hand.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF420.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1212,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1212,"Script is an easy graceful uncial: uncial A has a small bow; the eye of uncial E is mostly closed; uncial M is broad; F and P go well below the line; various ligatures with S occur at line-ends. Corrections and the prologue to Liber Sapientiae (fol. 15) are by a ninth-century hand.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance Fleury to judge by corrections in the hand that corrected the Libri Regum described in the preceding item.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF420.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1212.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1212.jpg 1213,869,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,799,"Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the region that produced the manuscript of Libri Regum (CLA [6.797](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1211)). Was probably at Fleury as early as the ninth century to judge by added punctuation. The Hague fragment belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont in Paris (cf. the pale entry on fol. 1 'Paraphé . . .') and was acquired by Gerard Meerman with the bulk of the college library in 1764.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Is, Ier, Ez, Za, Mal, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66972",,"fol. 25 ",,,"Script is a careful regular uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is thin and narrow; the bows of **B** meet before the upright; **ꝺ** leans to the right; the hasta of **F** rests on the base-line; the bow of **R** is rather low; **S** is top-heavy.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF269.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1213,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1213,"Script is a careful regular uncial: the bow of uncial A is thin and narrow; the bows of B meet before the upright; ꝺ leans to the right; the hasta of F rests on the base-line; the bow of R is rather low; S is top-heavy.
","Written doubtless in Italy and probably in the region that produced the manuscript of Libri Regum (CLA 6.797). Was probably at Fleury as early as the ninth century to judge by added punctuation. The Hague fragment belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont in Paris (cf. the pale entry on fol. 1 'Paraphé . . .') and was acquired by Gerard Meerman with the bulk of the college library in 1764.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF269.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1213.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1213.jpg 1214,870,Uncial,VI²,551,600,6,800,"Origin Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical considerations. Provenance Fleury: some leaves of the Paris miscellany belonged to the Orléans collector Pierre Daniel (†1603) whose ownership mark is seen on fol. 63: 'ex libb. Petri Danielis Aurelii 1564’. The Paris volume was number 3655 in the Colbert collection and 3939.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 1 Th, 2 Cor, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66973",,"Image shows the entire fol. 42 of the Paris manuscript ",,,"Script is a delicate well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed, ending in a fine hair-line; the bow of **P** is small and high; v-shaped **U** and other vowels occur suprascript at line-ends. Well-formed half-uncial is used for the colophon and argumentum. Marginalia in Merovingian cursive minuscule, saec. VII–VIII, of liturgical content, are seen on foll. 26, 26v in the Orléans manuscript and on foll. 41, 42v, 46v, 47v, 48 ('finit') of the Paris portion.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF426-427, 1032.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1214,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1214,"Script is a delicate well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed, ending in a fine hair-line; the bow of P is small and high; v-shaped U and other vowels occur suprascript at line-ends. Well-formed half-uncial is used for the colophon and argumentum. Marginalia in Merovingian cursive minuscule, saec. VII–VIII, of liturgical content, are seen on foll. 26, 26v in the Orléans manuscript and on foll. 41, 42v, 46v, 47v, 48 ('finit') of the Paris portion.
","Origin Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical considerations. Provenance Fleury: some leaves of the Paris miscellany belonged to the Orléans collector Pierre Daniel (†1603) whose ownership mark is seen on fol. 63: 'ex libb. Petri Danielis Aurelii 1564’. The Paris volume was number 3655 in the Colbert collection and 3939.3 in the Royal collection (see fol. 1).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF426-427, 1032.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1214.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1214.jpg 1215,871,Uncial,VI²,551,600,6,801,"Written doubtless in Italy. For provenance see preceding items.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Eph 6.6–fin., Phil 1.1–28).",Parchment,,,"TM 66974",,"Image from fol. 32 and the right column of fol. 31v",,,"Script is a very regular, well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is finely pointed; the hasta of **F** rests on the base-line; uncial **H** and **L** have a fine serif; tall **T** occurs at line-end; **X** is high-waisted; short horizontals and upper curves end in forked finials; curious ligatures of uncial **NH**, **NC** occur. Smaller uncials are used for the argumentum. The running title on fol. 31 is in uncial saec. VIII.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF428.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1215,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1215,"Script is a very regular, well-formed uncial: the bow of uncial A is finely pointed; the hasta of F rests on the base-line; uncial H and L have a fine serif; tall T occurs at line-end; X is high-waisted; short horizontals and upper curves end in forked finials; curious ligatures of uncial NH, NC occur. Smaller uncials are used for the argumentum. The running title on fol. 31 is in uncial saec. VIII.
","Written doubtless in Italy. For provenance see preceding items.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF428.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1215.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1215.jpg 1216,872,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,6,802,"Written in France. Was at Fleury by the end of the eighth century: the ex-libris which runs across the lower margin of the opening p. 55–56 reads 'Hic est liber sancti benedicti de floriaco monasterii'; other Fleury press-marks on p. 272 (saec. IX) and p. 2 (saec. XVIII). The manuscript came to the municipal library of Orléans during the Revolution. It was dismembered there by Libri whose forged inscription 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' stands on foll. 24v and 39v of Paris N.A.L. 1598 and 1599 respectively. The two Paris parts (numbers 9 and 11 in Libri's catalogue) were sold to Lord Ashburnham from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired them in 1888.",,,,"Cyprianus, Homiliae; Augustinus, Homiliae; Ambrosius, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67585",,"Image from pp. 136 and 142",,,"Script is a late uncial by several hands: the bow of uncial **A** is oval; the stem of **ꝺ** is long; **I** often goes below the line; the top of **T** is broad; **U** is often V-shaped; **Y** descends below the line; **LL** run together. An omission is supplied in cursive minuscule saec. VIII (p. 142). An interlinear correction on p. 298 is apparently by a Visigothic hand saec. IX; the 'Nota' on p. 207 resembles similar entries in Orléans MS 192 (CLA [6.805](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1219)) and in the Fleury Fulgentius in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 267 (CLA [1.104b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/117)). Probationes pennae in charter hand and some neumes on p. 166, originally left blank.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF560–564, BF1246–1249.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1216,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1216,"Script is a late uncial by several hands: the bow of uncial A is oval; the stem of ꝺ is long; I often goes below the line; the top of T is broad; U is often V-shaped; Y descends below the line; LL run together. An omission is supplied in cursive minuscule saec. VIII (p. 142). An interlinear correction on p. 298 is apparently by a Visigothic hand saec. IX; the 'Nota' on p. 207 resembles similar entries in Orléans MS 192 (CLA 6.805) and in the Fleury Fulgentius in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 267 (CLA 1.104b). Probationes pennae in charter hand and some neumes on p. 166, originally left blank.
","Written in France. Was at Fleury by the end of the eighth century: the ex-libris which runs across the lower margin of the opening p. 55–56 reads 'Hic est liber sancti benedicti de floriaco monasterii'; other Fleury press-marks on p. 272 (saec. IX) and p. 2 (saec. XVIII). The manuscript came to the municipal library of Orléans during the Revolution. It was dismembered there by Libri whose forged inscription 'Est Sancti Petri de Perusio' stands on foll. 24v and 39v of Paris N.A.L. 1598 and 1599 respectively. The two Paris parts (numbers 9 and 11 in Libri's catalogue) were sold to Lord Ashburnham from whom the Bibliothèque Nationale acquired them in 1888.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF560–564, BF1246–1249.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1216.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1216.jpg 1217,873,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,803,"Offsets from two pages, seen on the inside of the front and back covers of a tenth-century manuscript of Isidore's opuscula. Written presumably in Italy. Provenance Fleury.",3,,,"Lectionarium; Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 2 Cor 9.10–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67586",,"Image from the front cover ",,,"Script is bold uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is oval; the hasta of uncial **E** is long and turns down; **i**-longa in EIUS. A portion of the legible text is from Mt 9.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF631.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1217,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1217,"Script is bold uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is oval; the hasta of uncial E is long and turns down; i-longa in EIUS. A portion of the legible text is from Mt 9.
","Offsets from two pages, seen on the inside of the front and back covers of a tenth-century manuscript of Isidore's opuscula. Written presumably in Italy. Provenance Fleury.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF631.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1217.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1217.jpg 1218,874,Uncial,V,401,500,6,804,"Written probably in Africa to judge by the similarity to the Turin manuscripts of the same African author and to Codex of the Gospels (CLA [4.458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748), [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810), [465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)). Provenance Fleury, as the collection of fragments was formed by Dom Chazal, historian of Fleury, about 1720.",,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae (Ad Donatum 14–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67587",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is an expert uncial of a distinct type with the curious look of angularity found in the oldest manuscripts of Cyprian: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is open and often angular; the first stroke of uncial **M** is characteristically straight; the bows of **P** and uncial **Q** are markedly small.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF649.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1218,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218,"Script is an expert uncial of a distinct type with the curious look of angularity found in the oldest manuscripts of Cyprian: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the eye of uncial E is open and often angular; the first stroke of uncial M is characteristically straight; the bows of P and uncial Q are markedly small.
","Written probably in Africa to judge by the similarity to the Turin manuscripts of the same African author and to Codex of the Gospels (CLA 4.458, 464, 465). Provenance Fleury, as the collection of fragments was formed by Dom Chazal, historian of Fleury, about 1720.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF649.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1218.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1218.jpg 1219,875,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,805,"Written probably in the South of France. Provenance Fleury: see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218).",,,,"Basilius Caesariensis, Regula.",Parchment,,,"TM 67588",,"fol. 3v and fol. 2 middle column",,,"Script is a rather informal crowded uncial by two different hands: hasta of **F** is short; the bows of **P** and **R** are mostly open; lower left branch of **X** has a tendency to turn in; the **Æ** ligature occurs in mid-line. An interesting 'Nota' resembling the same mark in Orléans MS 154 (131) (CLA [6.802](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1216)) and in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 267 containing Fulgentius (CLA [1.104b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/117)) stands on fol. 3v.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF650.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1219,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1219,"Script is a rather informal crowded uncial by two different hands: hasta of F is short; the bows of P and R are mostly open; lower left branch of X has a tendency to turn in; the Æ ligature occurs in mid-line. An interesting 'Nota' resembling the same mark in Orléans MS 154 (131) (CLA 6.802) and in Vatic. Regin. Lat. 267 containing Fulgentius (CLA 1.104b) stands on fol. 3v.
","Written probably in the South of France. Provenance Fleury: see preceding item.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF650.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1219.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1219.jpg 1220,876,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,6,806,"Origin uncertain; there is a slight resemblance to some known African and Spanish half-uncial (CLA [5.587](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/952), [680](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1066); [4.432](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/778)). Provenance Fleury: see CLA [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218).",0,,,"Optatus, Contra Donatistas (7, fragm.)",Parchment,,,"TM 67589",,"foll. 4 and 6 ",,,"Script is a rather gauche half-uncial of a singular type: **e** is open; **f** has a long descender; the oblique of **N** is thin and high; **r** approaches the minuscule form; **ꞅ** stands on the line and its short thick stem contrasts with the thin awkward up-stroke; the bottom-stroke of **z** is curved.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF651.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1220,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1220,"Script is a rather gauche half-uncial of a singular type: e is open; f has a long descender; the oblique of N is thin and high; r approaches the minuscule form; ꞅ stands on the line and its short thick stem contrasts with the thin awkward up-stroke; the bottom-stroke of z is curved.
","Origin uncertain; there is a slight resemblance to some known African and Spanish half-uncial (CLA 5.587, 680; 4.432). Provenance Fleury: see CLA 6.804.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF651.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1220.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1220.jpg 1221,877,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,6,807,"Origin uncertain; Italy and Southern France seem possible. Provenance Fleury; see preceding items.",2,,,"Ambrosius, Hexaemeron (1.8.29–2.1.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67590",,"fol. 10 ",,,"Script is a somewhat inexpert uncial, not of the oldest type: the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the hasta of uncial **E** ends in a thickening; the tail of **G** is thin and straight; the first stroke of **N** often descends below the line; the upper bow of **R** is open; **X** is high-waisted; the stem of **Y** rests on the line and the crotch rises branch-like above the headline (fol. 10). A slightly later uncial hand supplied an omission on fol. 11v.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF652.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1221,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1221,"Script is a somewhat inexpert uncial, not of the oldest type: the lower bow of B protrudes; the hasta of uncial E ends in a thickening; the tail of G is thin and straight; the first stroke of N often descends below the line; the upper bow of R is open; X is high-waisted; the stem of Y rests on the line and the crotch rises branch-like above the headline (fol. 10). A slightly later uncial hand supplied an omission on fol. 11v.
","Origin uncertain; Italy and Southern France seem possible. Provenance Fleury; see preceding items.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF652.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1221.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1221.jpg 1222,878,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,808,"Written presumably at Fleury since it was probably there that the unpalimpsested part of the original Sallust manuscript (CLA [6.809](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1223)) was used for strengthening bindings. Provenance Fleury (cf. CLA [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218)). The Berlin leaf, which formed part of the Orléans fragments, was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Isaiam (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67191",,"Image from Orléans fol. 17",,,"Script is an ungainly uncial by at least two hands (one hand recalls Orléans 192, fol. 28 + Paris Lat. 8305, foll. 1–2; see CLA [6.812](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1226)): the bow of uncial **A** is oval and often hangs above the line; uncial **E** is open; the top of **T** has a loop to the left; half-uncial letters occur here and there, as if by inadvertence.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF653.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1222,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1222,"Script is an ungainly uncial by at least two hands (one hand recalls Orléans 192, fol. 28 + Paris Lat. 8305, foll. 1–2; see CLA 6.812): the bow of uncial A is oval and often hangs above the line; uncial E is open; the top of T has a loop to the left; half-uncial letters occur here and there, as if by inadvertence.
","Written presumably at Fleury since it was probably there that the unpalimpsested part of the original Sallust manuscript (CLA 6.809) was used for strengthening bindings. Provenance Fleury (cf. CLA 6.804). The Berlin leaf, which formed part of the Orléans fragments, was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF653.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1222.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1222.jpg 1223,879,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,6,809,"Written probably in Italy. It was most likely at Fleury that the manuscript was dismembered, ca. saec. VII–VIII and used partly for bindings, partly for copying Hieronymus in Isaiam, which was again dismembered for binding purposes. The Vatican leaves belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Berlin leaf, formerly kept with the Orléans fragments, was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo and presented to the Berlin Royal Library.",3,,,"Sallustius, Historiae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66209",,"Image from foll. 15 and 20 of the Orléans manuscript",,,"Script is excellent Rustic capital not of the very oldest type: **F** rises above the line; **G** has the uncial form; the second upright of **H** is like an elongated **C**; **U** is almost uncial. For the non-palimpsest part see CLA [1.** (p. 34)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/127).","☛Mostert, Fleury BF16.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1223,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1223,"Script is excellent Rustic capital not of the very oldest type: F rises above the line; G has the uncial form; the second upright of H is like an elongated C; U is almost uncial. For the non-palimpsest part see CLA 1.** (p. 34).
","Written probably in Italy. It was most likely at Fleury that the manuscript was dismembered, ca. saec. VII–VIII and used partly for bindings, partly for copying Hieronymus in Isaiam, which was again dismembered for binding purposes. The Vatican leaves belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Berlin leaf, formerly kept with the Orléans fragments, was bought by Heine in 1847 from a dealer in Toledo and presented to the Berlin Royal Library.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF16.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1223.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1223.jpg 1224,880,Half-Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,6,810,"Written probably in South Italy to judge by some resemblance to Vatic. Lat. 3375, Monte Cassino 150 (CLA [1.16](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/20), [3.374a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/712)) and Bamberg B. IV. 21 (CLA [8.1031](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1489)). Provenance Fleury; see preceding items.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Isaiam (2.4.4–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67591",,"fol. 19 ",,,"Script is a rather stately and well-rounded half-uncial with strong contrast between the thick downstrokes and the fine horizontal or upstrokes (especially marked in **f** and **ꞅ**): the hasta of **f** rests almost on the line; the tail of **Ᵹ** forms an open oval; **r** is broad and the shoulder dips well below the headline; the stem of **y** goes below the line; the last stroke of **z** ends in a finial sweeping down to the left.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF654.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1224,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1224,"Script is a rather stately and well-rounded half-uncial with strong contrast between the thick downstrokes and the fine horizontal or upstrokes (especially marked in f and ꞅ): the hasta of f rests almost on the line; the tail of Ᵹ forms an open oval; r is broad and the shoulder dips well below the headline; the stem of y goes below the line; the last stroke of z ends in a finial sweeping down to the left.
","Written probably in South Italy to judge by some resemblance to Vatic. Lat. 3375, Monte Cassino 150 (CLA 1.16, 3.374a) and Bamberg B. IV. 21 (CLA 8.1031). Provenance Fleury; see preceding items.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF654.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1224.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1224.jpg 1225,881,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,811,"Origin probably Italy. Provenance Fleury.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ieremiam (Prol., 1.1.1–2.14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67592",,"fol. 26 ",,,"Script is a good, firm, regular uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** protrudes considerably; the foot of **L** occasionally extends below the following vowel; the second upright of **N** is comma-shaped; **TI** are joined; **Y** is short, with the right branch markedly curved. Greek and Hebrew words are overlined and show intrusion of half-uncial characters. The asterisk marking a passage omitted in the Septuagint (fol. 23v) goes back to Jerome's original. Short marginalia in small contemporary uncial are seen in the left margins of foll. 24, 26v, 27.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF656.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1225,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1225,"Script is a good, firm, regular uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the lower bow of B protrudes considerably; the foot of L occasionally extends below the following vowel; the second upright of N is comma-shaped; TI are joined; Y is short, with the right branch markedly curved. Greek and Hebrew words are overlined and show intrusion of half-uncial characters. The asterisk marking a passage omitted in the Septuagint (fol. 23v) goes back to Jerome's original. Short marginalia in small contemporary uncial are seen in the left margins of foll. 24, 26v, 27.
","Origin probably Italy. Provenance Fleury.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF656.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1225.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1225.jpg 1226,882,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,812,"Written in France to judge by script and spelling. Provenance Fleury (for the miscellany in which the Orléans leaf is preserved see under CLA [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218)). The Paris leaves formed part of a volume which belonged to Colbert, in whose collection it bore the number 4411; later Regius 4429.6 (see fol. 3).",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Zachariam (1.3.1–3, 1.4.8–12, 3.14.20–21).",Parchment,,,"TM 67593",,"Image from Orléans fol. 28v ",,,"Script is an inexpert uncial by more than one hand: uncial **A**, in one hand, has a shallow horizontal bow high above the base-line, and a roundish pendant bow in the other; the top of **T**, by one hand, forms a loop to the left; the lower left limb of **X** often curves to the right; **Y** is short; **LL** run together. On fol. 1v of the Paris part a correction in minuscule saec. VIII; other corrections by Caroline hands.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF657, 1149.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1226,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1226,"Script is an inexpert uncial by more than one hand: uncial A, in one hand, has a shallow horizontal bow high above the base-line, and a roundish pendant bow in the other; the top of T, by one hand, forms a loop to the left; the lower left limb of X often curves to the right; Y is short; LL run together. On fol. 1v of the Paris part a correction in minuscule saec. VIII; other corrections by Caroline hands.
","Written in France to judge by script and spelling. Provenance Fleury (for the miscellany in which the Orléans leaf is preserved see under CLA 6.804). The Paris leaves formed part of a volume which belonged to Colbert, in whose collection it bore the number 4411; later Regius 4429.6 (see fol. 3).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF657, 1149.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1226.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1226.jpg 1227,883,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,6,813,"Written doubtless in Italy to judge by script and parchment. Provenance Fleury: the Orléans bifolium was removed from the binding of Orléans MS 18 (15) which comes from Fleury.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (Ad Tyrasium, Ad Marcellam).",Parchment,,,"TM 67215",,"Image from fol. 30v of the Orléans manuscript",,,"Script is an excellent uncial by an expert scribe: the bow of uncial **A** is small and oval; uncial **M** and **N** are broad; the bow of **R** is low; **S** is often top-heavy; the top of **T** often ends in slight thickenings; letters do not stand on the ruled line but are cut by it.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF270, BF658.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1227,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1227,"Script is an excellent uncial by an expert scribe: the bow of uncial A is small and oval; uncial M and N are broad; the bow of R is low; S is often top-heavy; the top of T often ends in slight thickenings; letters do not stand on the ruled line but are cut by it.
","Written doubtless in Italy to judge by script and parchment. Provenance Fleury: the Orléans bifolium was removed from the binding of Orléans MS 18 (15) which comes from Fleury.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF270, BF658.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1227.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1227.jpg 1228,884,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,814,"Written in Italy to judge by script and parchment. Provenance Fleury (see under CLA [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218)).",3,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae (187, Ad Dardanum). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67594",,"fol. 31v ",,,"Script is a firm, fairly regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is closed; **N** is broad; **S** is often top-heavy.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF446, BF659.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1228,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1228,"Script is a firm, fairly regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the eye of uncial E is closed; N is broad; S is often top-heavy.
","Written in Italy to judge by script and parchment. Provenance Fleury (see under CLA 6.804).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF446, BF659.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1228.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1228.jpg 1229,885,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,6,815,"Written doubtless in Italy to judge by the script and marginalia. Provenance Fleury: the eighteenth-century Fleury ex-libris ‘Ex monasterio S. Benedicti Floriacensis supra Ligerim' stands on fol. 32 of the Orléans bifolium which served as fly-leaf of Orléans MS 268 (224), as is evidenced by the modern note on fol. 33v. The eighteenth-century entry 'Bibliotheca Floriacensis' stands on fol. 9 of Paris Lat. 13368 which later at St Germain-des-Prés was numbered '1310 olim 635' (see first fly-leaf, saec. XVIII).",3,,,"Augustinus, Contra duas epistulas Pelagianorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67595",,"Image shows the entire text of fol. 33v of the Orléans manuscript",,,"Script is a beautiful, rapid, expert half-uncial similar to that of the Milan Augustine (CLA [3.325](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/606)): **a** approaches the uncial form; **d** is mostly open; the hasta of **f** runs along the headline; here and there **i** after **t** and **r** rises above the line, a vestige of early cursive; **I**-longa is used for the semi-vocal sound; the oblique of **N** sags; the bow of **q** is distinctly oval-shaped. Marginalia in sloping b-d uncial of the fifth century. A contemporary reader corrects word-division to conform to Greek doctrine as does a corrector in the [Codex Fuldensis](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672) and the Harley Gospels (CLA [2.197](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/514)).","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF650, BF1210, BF1281.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1229,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1229,"Script is a beautiful, rapid, expert half-uncial similar to that of the Milan Augustine (CLA 3.325): a approaches the uncial form; d is mostly open; the hasta of f runs along the headline; here and there i after t and r rises above the line, a vestige of early cursive; I-longa is used for the semi-vocal sound; the oblique of N sags; the bow of q is distinctly oval-shaped. Marginalia in sloping b-d uncial of the fifth century. A contemporary reader corrects word-division to conform to Greek doctrine as does a corrector in the Codex Fuldensis and the Harley Gospels (CLA 2.197).
","Written doubtless in Italy to judge by the script and marginalia. Provenance Fleury: the eighteenth-century Fleury ex-libris ‘Ex monasterio S. Benedicti Floriacensis supra Ligerim' stands on fol. 32 of the Orléans bifolium which served as fly-leaf of Orléans MS 268 (224), as is evidenced by the modern note on fol. 33v. The eighteenth-century entry 'Bibliotheca Floriacensis' stands on fol. 9 of Paris Lat. 13368 which later at St Germain-des-Prés was numbered '1310 olim 635' (see first fly-leaf, saec. XVIII).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF650, BF1210, BF1281.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1229.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1229.jpg 1230,886,Uncial,VI,501,600,6,816,"Written apparently in Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical considerations. Provenance Fleury: the Fleury ex-libris saec. VIII–IX '. . . est liber sancti benedicti de floriaco monast.' stands in the lower margin of the opening, 35v–36.",3,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae (54, Ad Ianuarium, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67596",,"Image from fol. 37 and the opening foll. 35v-36",,,"Script is a broad, stately uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the upright of uncial **H** and **L** begins with a hair-line; uncial **M** and **N** are broad; bow of **R** is low and open; **S** is top-heavy; the lower left limb of **X** is prolonged in a graceful curve; **F**, **P**, and uncial **Q** have marked descenders.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF661.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1230,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1230,"Script is a broad, stately uncial: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the upright of uncial H and L begins with a hair-line; uncial M and N are broad; bow of R is low and open; S is top-heavy; the lower left limb of X is prolonged in a graceful curve; F, P, and uncial Q have marked descenders.
","Written apparently in Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical considerations. Provenance Fleury: the Fleury ex-libris saec. VIII–IX '. . . est liber sancti benedicti de floriaco monast.' stands in the lower margin of the opening, 35v–36.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF661.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1230.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1230.jpg 1231,887,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,6,817,"Written apparently in Italy as suggested by the palaeographical features of the manuscript. Provenance Fleury: the leaf forms part of a Fleury miscellany (see preceding items).",3,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (5.7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67597",,"fol. 38v ",,,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by an expert hand: the bow of uncial **A** is thin; the eye of uncial **E** is closed; the tail of **G** is short; the foot of **L** and the top of **T** are barely indicated; the bow of uncial **Q** is ample; ascenders and descenders are short.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF662.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1231,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1231,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by an expert hand: the bow of uncial A is thin; the eye of uncial E is closed; the tail of G is short; the foot of L and the top of T are barely indicated; the bow of uncial Q is ample; ascenders and descenders are short.
","Written apparently in Italy as suggested by the palaeographical features of the manuscript. Provenance Fleury: the leaf forms part of a Fleury miscellany (see preceding items).
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF662.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1231.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1231.jpg 1232,888,Uncial,V²,451,500,6,818,"Written apparently in Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical features. Provenance Fleury: the leaves are kept in a Fleury miscellany, and traces of a Fleury ex-libris can be seen between the columns of fol. 41.",3,,,"Lactantius, De Opificio Dei (7.3–8.6, 11.11–12.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67598",,"foll. 40 and 41 ",,,"Script is an expert, rather slim uncial of the oldest type recalling the [Bamberg Livy](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1484) fragments: the bow of uncial **A** is pointed; the eye of uncial **E** is high; **G** has a tiny tail, almost unnoticeable; bows of **B**, **P**, and **R** are tiny; **F**, **P**, uncial **Q** hardly go below the line. A small marginal note in sloping b-d uncial is seen on fol. 41; other entries in pre-Caroline cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII on foll. 40, 40v, and upper margin of 41.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF664.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1232,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1232,"Script is an expert, rather slim uncial of the oldest type recalling the Bamberg Livy fragments: the bow of uncial A is pointed; the eye of uncial E is high; G has a tiny tail, almost unnoticeable; bows of B, P, and R are tiny; F, P, uncial Q hardly go below the line. A small marginal note in sloping b-d uncial is seen on fol. 41; other entries in pre-Caroline cursive minuscule saec. VII–VIII on foll. 40, 40v, and upper margin of 41.
","Written apparently in Italy to judge by script and other palaeographical features. Provenance Fleury: the leaves are kept in a Fleury miscellany, and traces of a Fleury ex-libris can be seen between the columns of fol. 41.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF664.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1232.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1232.jpg 1233,889,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,6,819,"Written probably in South Italy. Provenance Fleury: the remains of the Fleury ex-libris in minuscule saec. VIII–IX can be seen in the left margin of fol. 49 of the Orléans portion: '. . . dicti floriacensi'. The Leiden leaves served as fly-leaves in a manuscript that first belonged to Pierre Daniel, his name and the entry 'Aurelii 1560' stand on fol. 2, and later to Isaac Vossius in whose library it bore the numbers 'B. 41' (fol. 1) and '270' seen on the paper slip pasted down on fol. 2. To be compared with CLA [6.810](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1224).",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae in Leviticum (5–8, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67599",,"Image from foll. 52v-53 of the Orléans manuscript",,,"Script is a cramped half-uncial: **f** goes well below the line; the tail of **G** is roundish and full; **i** after **l** is enclitic; the shoulder of **r** bends down considerably; the stem of **t** resembles c; **y** is chalice-shaped and stands on the line; ascenders are often club-shaped.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF364, BF668–672.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1233,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1233,"Script is a cramped half-uncial: f goes well below the line; the tail of G is roundish and full; i after l is enclitic; the shoulder of r bends down considerably; the stem of t resembles c; y is chalice-shaped and stands on the line; ascenders are often club-shaped.
","Written probably in South Italy. Provenance Fleury: the remains of the Fleury ex-libris in minuscule saec. VIII–IX can be seen in the left margin of fol. 49 of the Orléans portion: '. . . dicti floriacensi'. The Leiden leaves served as fly-leaves in a manuscript that first belonged to Pierre Daniel, his name and the entry 'Aurelii 1560' stand on fol. 2, and later to Isaac Vossius in whose library it bore the numbers 'B. 41' (fol. 1) and '270' seen on the paper slip pasted down on fol. 2. To be compared with CLA 6.810.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF364, BF668–672.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1233.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1233.jpg 1234,890,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,6,820,"Origin uncertain. Used in the eleventh century for rewriting, apparently in England to judge by the script.",0,,,"Fragmenta Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67600",,"p. 39 ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, mostly illegible; best pages are 25 and 39.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF859.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1234,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1234,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, mostly illegible; best pages are 25 and 39.
","Origin uncertain. Used in the eleventh century for rewriting, apparently in England to judge by the script.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF859.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1234.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1234.jpg 1235,891,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,6,821,"Written in North France and probably in Amiens itself, to judge by the unmistakable resemblance to the [Bamberg Jerome](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1486) written for Jesse, Bishop of Amiens. The manuscript was at Poitiers by the tenth century and belonged to the convent of Ste Croix (founded 558); the feast of the Holy Cross is entered in the margin on fol. 68. A note signed 'J. Roux Cappel.’ and dated 1635 stands on fol. 1. In the Poitiers catalogue of 1868 by M. de Fleury, the manuscript had the number 36; an earlier number was 174.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Gospels of Sainte-Croix of Poitiers.",,"TM 67601",,"fol. 15v ",,,"Script is a careful uncial of a distinct type also seen in Bamberg, [Patr. 86 (B.V.13)](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1486), written for Bishop Jesse of Amiens (799–836), in [Leiden Voss. Lat. Fol. 26](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/308), and in a somewhat diluted form in Cambridge, Magdalene College Pepysian MS 2981(1), (CLA [2.131](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/444)); some lines in half-uncial on fol. 80. Marginal entries in neat uncial with curious abbreviations (’ OM.N̊ = hoc omittit nostrum; Sͨ I̊ C = secundum Iohannem caput); some in tiny minuscule (foll. 82, etc.). The liturgical entry 'In festivitate sancte Crucis' in uncial and minuscule saec. X stands on fol. 68 preceded by a cross. Other lessons are noted in the margins on foll. 171v, 174, 176, 179, 180v.","☛First series of canon tables quotes Vetus Latina biblical text. ☛P. Minard, Revue Bibl. 56 (1945/46), p. 58–92. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 64.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1235,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1235,"Script is a careful uncial of a distinct type also seen in Bamberg, Patr. 86 (B.V.13), written for Bishop Jesse of Amiens (799–836), in Leiden Voss. Lat. Fol. 26, and in a somewhat diluted form in Cambridge, Magdalene College Pepysian MS 2981(1), (CLA 2.131); some lines in half-uncial on fol. 80. Marginal entries in neat uncial with curious abbreviations (’ OM.N̊ = hoc omittit nostrum; Sͨ I̊ C = secundum Iohannem caput); some in tiny minuscule (foll. 82, etc.). The liturgical entry 'In festivitate sancte Crucis' in uncial and minuscule saec. X stands on fol. 68 preceded by a cross. Other lessons are noted in the margins on foll. 171v, 174, 176, 179, 180v.
","Written in North France and probably in Amiens itself, to judge by the unmistakable resemblance to the Bamberg Jerome written for Jesse, Bishop of Amiens. The manuscript was at Poitiers by the tenth century and belonged to the convent of Ste Croix (founded 558); the feast of the Holy Cross is entered in the margin on fol. 68. A note signed 'J. Roux Cappel.’ and dated 1635 stands on fol. 1. In the Poitiers catalogue of 1868 by M. de Fleury, the manuscript had the number 36; an earlier number was 174.
","☛First series of canon tables quotes Vetus Latina biblical text. ☛P. Minard, Revue Bibl. 56 (1945/46), p. 58–92. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 64.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1235.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1235.jpg 1236,892,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII²,751,800,6,822,"Written doubtless in the Corbie region, to judge by the script and decoration. Provenance St Thierry of Rheims: the ex-libris (saec. XI–XII) 'Liber sancti Theoderici confessoris Christi. auferenti anathema sit. fiat fiat fiat.' stands on fol. 1. The main manuscript bore the number 11 in the St Thierry collection.",,,,"Index Liturgicus of a Sacramentarium.",Parchment,,,"TM 67602",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is an early variety of the 'Corbie’ a-b type in which **a** and **b** are used but not consistently: **y** is short and dotted.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1236,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1236,"Script is an early variety of the 'Corbie’ a-b type in which a and b are used but not consistently: y is short and dotted.
","Written doubtless in the Corbie region, to judge by the script and decoration. Provenance St Thierry of Rheims: the ex-libris (saec. XI–XII) 'Liber sancti Theoderici confessoris Christi. auferenti anathema sit. fiat fiat fiat.' stands on fol. 1. The main manuscript bore the number 11 in the St Thierry collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1236.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1236.jpg 1237,893,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,823,"Origin uncertain; the script suggests Spain rather than Italy or Southern France. Provenance the monastery of St Remi of Rheims, where the leaf was used as a fly-leaf apparently by the end of the ninth century, when the main manuscript received its present wooden binding. The main manuscript has the tenth-century inscription 'liber s. Remigii. qui abstulerit anathema sit' and bore the number 122 in the St Remi collection.",0,,,"Fragmentum Gromaticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67603",,"fol. C ",,,"Script is a bold and expert half-uncial: **r** is broad and the shoulder considerably lowered.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1237,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1237,"Script is a bold and expert half-uncial: r is broad and the shoulder considerably lowered.
","Origin uncertain; the script suggests Spain rather than Italy or Southern France. Provenance the monastery of St Remi of Rheims, where the leaf was used as a fly-leaf apparently by the end of the ninth century, when the main manuscript received its present wooden binding. The main manuscript has the tenth-century inscription 'liber s. Remigii. qui abstulerit anathema sit' and bore the number 122 in the St Remi collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1237.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1237.jpg 1238,894,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,824,"Written at St Denis, presumably in the time of abbot Fardulfus (793–806), to judge by the script and abbreviations. Came to the monastery of St Thierry, Rheims at an early date (cf. the entry in crude capitals 'TEODERICU' on fol. 57); the twelfth-century press-mark 'Liber sci Theoderici. auferenti sit anathema' stands on fol. 1. Was numbered 78 in the St Thierry collection.",,,,"Defensor Locociagensis, Liber Scintillarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67604",,"fol. 56v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is an early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the St Denis manuscript written for abbot Fardulfus (cf. CLA [5.668](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053)): uncial **ꝺ** is frequent; the two strokes of **o** often fail to join; **v** for **u** is found at line-ends; the lower left branch of **x** is long and almost vertical; the ligatures **nt**, **or**, **rt** occur. Liturgical entries in careless minuscule saec. IX on foll. 125 and 125v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1238,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1238,"Script, by more than one hand, is an early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the St Denis manuscript written for abbot Fardulfus (cf. CLA 5.668): uncial ꝺ is frequent; the two strokes of o often fail to join; v for u is found at line-ends; the lower left branch of x is long and almost vertical; the ligatures nt, or, rt occur. Liturgical entries in careless minuscule saec. IX on foll. 125 and 125v.
","Written at St Denis, presumably in the time of abbot Fardulfus (793–806), to judge by the script and abbreviations. Came to the monastery of St Thierry, Rheims at an early date (cf. the entry in crude capitals 'TEODERICU' on fol. 57); the twelfth-century press-mark 'Liber sci Theoderici. auferenti sit anathema' stands on fol. 1. Was numbered 78 in the St Thierry collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1238.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1238.jpg 1239,895,"Half-Uncial verging on Minuscule",VII¹,601,650,6,825,"Origin uncertain; the script and the peculiar bus-abbreviation favour Italy, but South France cannot be excluded. The Rheims leaf came from the binding of a Rheims manuscript which was rebound in 1847. The Berlin leaves are in a volume which originally belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims, then to the Collège de Clermont at Paris. Acquired by G. Meerman in 1764, by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824, and by the Berlin Library in 1887.",2,,,"Passiones Sanctorum (Pionius, Theodosia, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67197",,"Image from the verso of the Reims leaf","Image from the verso of the Reims leaf",,"Script is an easy informal half-uncial verging on minuscule with some uncial admixture (**F**, **G**): the bow of **a** is often open; the base of **b** is conspicuously broad; the shaft of **l** bends near the line; the stems of **b**, **d**, **h**, and **l** are often looped; the bow of **p** is exaggerated and its stem ridiculously small. Noteworthy is the frequent use of **u** in ligature, even in the middle of a word.",,4,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1239,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1239,"Script is an easy informal half-uncial verging on minuscule with some uncial admixture (F, G): the bow of a is often open; the base of b is conspicuously broad; the shaft of l bends near the line; the stems of b, d, h, and l are often looped; the bow of p is exaggerated and its stem ridiculously small. Noteworthy is the frequent use of u in ligature, even in the middle of a word.
","Origin uncertain; the script and the peculiar bus-abbreviation favour Italy, but South France cannot be excluded. The Rheims leaf came from the binding of a Rheims manuscript which was rebound in 1847. The Berlin leaves are in a volume which originally belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims, then to the Collège de Clermont at Paris. Acquired by G. Meerman in 1764, by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824, and by the Berlin Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1239.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1239.jpg 1240,896,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,6,826,"Written probably in Northumbria, to judge by script. Later at St Omer where our leaves were preserved; the entry saec. XIV–XV 'De libraria sci Bertini' stands on fol. 1v.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc 1.21–4.41).",Parchment,,,"TM 67606",,"fol. 5v ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a rather compressed type: **d**, **n**, **r**, **s** have two forms, **n**, **r**, **s** are more frequent than **N**, **R**, **ꞅ**; the shoulder of **r** is very low and the letter could easily be mistaken for **n**; the oblique of **z** descends boldly below the line; uncial **A** occurs with the pointed bow prolonged below the line; the scribe drops into minuscule at the ends of lines.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1240,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1240,"Script is Anglo-Saxon majuscule of a rather compressed type: d, n, r, s have two forms, n, r, s are more frequent than N, R, ꞅ; the shoulder of r is very low and the letter could easily be mistaken for n; the oblique of z descends boldly below the line; uncial A occurs with the pointed bow prolonged below the line; the scribe drops into minuscule at the ends of lines.
","Written probably in Northumbria, to judge by script. Later at St Omer where our leaves were preserved; the entry saec. XIV–XV 'De libraria sci Bertini' stands on fol. 1v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1240.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1240.jpg 1241,897,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,6,827,"Written by a scribe of modest ability either in Britain or in a Continental centre with Insular connections. Provenance St Bertin: a twelfth-century entry on fol. 132v reads: 'Liber S. Bertini'; the familiar saec. XIV–XV ex-libris stands on fol. 3.",,,,"Isidorus, Differentiae (2.36–37, 39–40).",Parchment,,,"TM 67607",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a crude Insular majuscule by an inexpert and probably aged hand: **R** and **S** are majuscule, **n** is minuscule (except once on fol. 1v); **a** is like contiguous **oc**, an unusual form of the letter, resembling a capital, is used here and there (see fol. 2v, line 3); the flat tops of **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ** end in a thick dot instead of the usual wedge; the regular use of uncial **M** is noteworthy; the upper right and lower left branches of **x** are left hanging.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1241,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1241,"Script is a crude Insular majuscule by an inexpert and probably aged hand: R and S are majuscule, n is minuscule (except once on fol. 1v); a is like contiguous oc, an unusual form of the letter, resembling a capital, is used here and there (see fol. 2v, line 3); the flat tops of Ᵹ and ꞇ end in a thick dot instead of the usual wedge; the regular use of uncial M is noteworthy; the upper right and lower left branches of x are left hanging.
","Written by a scribe of modest ability either in Britain or in a Continental centre with Insular connections. Provenance St Bertin: a twelfth-century entry on fol. 132v reads: 'Liber S. Bertini'; the familiar saec. XIV–XV ex-libris stands on fol. 3.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1241.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1241.jpg 1243,898,"Insular Majuscule and Insular Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,6,828,"Written in Ireland or Wales. Provenance St Bertin.",,,,"Glossae super Amos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67608",,"Image from the original verso of fol. B",,,"Script is Insular majuscule and minuscule, passages often beginning with the higher and continuing with the lower script; at the foot of columns the scribe even drops into cursive minuscule; uncial **A** with the thorn-like bow is often used at the beginning of words; **Z** goes far below the line and has the peculiar Insular form. Celtic vernacular glosses occur.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1243,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1243,"Script is Insular majuscule and minuscule, passages often beginning with the higher and continuing with the lower script; at the foot of columns the scribe even drops into cursive minuscule; uncial A with the thorn-like bow is often used at the beginning of words; Z goes far below the line and has the peculiar Insular form. Celtic vernacular glosses occur.
","Written in Ireland or Wales. Provenance St Bertin.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1243.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1243.jpg 1244,899,Uncial,VIII,701,800,6,829,"Written probably in Italy, as script and orthography suggest, an origin not incompatible with its liturgy which experts consider a compromise between Milanese and Gallican. Provenance unknown. The manuscript was formerly kept with MS I (B), CLA [6.831](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1246), with which it agrees in size; they bore the common number 1093.",3,,,"Lectionarium Gallicanum (partim Vetus Latina); Chronica S Gironimi; Ioca Monachorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67609",,"Image from the opening, foll. 64v-65",,,"Script is a light, graceful uncial: the bow of uncial **A** is roundish and often rises above the base-line; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; **i**-longa occurs initially; the bow of **R** almost reaches the base-line; **FF** and **LL** often run together; the cedilla of **e** is pronounced. Corrections saec. X and neumes are seen on foll. 1 and 64v.","☛I. Machielsen,Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), p. 74. ☛Formerly Sélestat, Bibliothèque Humaniste 1093. ☛Gamber, CLLA 265.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1244,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1244,"Script is a light, graceful uncial: the bow of uncial A is roundish and often rises above the base-line; the lower bow of B protrudes; i-longa occurs initially; the bow of R almost reaches the base-line; FF and LL often run together; the cedilla of e is pronounced. Corrections saec. X and neumes are seen on foll. 1 and 64v.
","Written probably in Italy, as script and orthography suggest, an origin not incompatible with its liturgy which experts consider a compromise between Milanese and Gallican. Provenance unknown. The manuscript was formerly kept with MS I (B), CLA 6.831, with which it agrees in size; they bore the common number 1093.
","☛I. Machielsen,Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), p. 74. ☛Formerly Sélestat, Bibliothèque Humaniste 1093. ☛Gamber, CLLA 265.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1244.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1244.jpg 1245,900,Uncial,VII²,651,700,6,830,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The fragment was formerly used as fly-leaf in Selestat 128, a twelfth-century manuscript of Sermones, etc.; the sixteenth-century entry 'Liber sanctae Fidis in Sletestadio. Restituatur' stands on fol. 1 of MS 128.",3,,,"Fragmenum Medicum (Receptarium).",Parchment,,,"TM 67610",,"Image shows the recto ",,,"Script is a bold and vigorous uncial with long ascenders and descenders: the stem of **ꝺ** is long; the top of **T** bends down at the left.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1245,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1245,"Script is a bold and vigorous uncial with long ascenders and descenders: the stem of ꝺ is long; the top of T bends down at the left.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. The fragment was formerly used as fly-leaf in Selestat 128, a twelfth-century manuscript of Sermones, etc.; the sixteenth-century entry 'Liber sanctae Fidis in Sletestadio. Restituatur' stands on fol. 1 of MS 128.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1245.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1245.jpg 1246,901,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,831,"Origin uncertain; probably Italy to judge by script and orthography. The designation 'Dominica de Samaritana' seen on fol. 8v occurs in the liturgy of Milan and of Toledo according to Dom Morin. Our leaves were formerly bound up with the manuscript described in CLA [6.829](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1244), with which they agree in size; the two parts together bore the number 1093.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vetus Latina partim., Rm 11.30–36, 1 Cor 10.17–31, 2 Cor 6.12–18, Gal 3.24–4.7, Phil 4.4–9, Eph 5.2–33, Col 1.23–29, 1 Th 2.19–3.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67611",,"Image from the opening, foll. 4v/5",,,"Script is uncial in a state of dissolution with intrusion of half-uncial **u** and minuscule **n**; the stem of **ꝺ** bends upward; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1246,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1246,"Script is uncial in a state of dissolution with intrusion of half-uncial u and minuscule n; the stem of ꝺ bends upward; LL run together.
","Origin uncertain; probably Italy to judge by script and orthography. The designation 'Dominica de Samaritana' seen on fol. 8v occurs in the liturgy of Milan and of Toledo according to Dom Morin. Our leaves were formerly bound up with the manuscript described in CLA 6.829, with which they agree in size; the two parts together bore the number 1093.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1246.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1246.jpg 1247,902,Cursive,"IV in",317,324,6,832,"Written in Egypt where it was found. The official title ἡγεμών for 'praeses' in the address suggests that the letter must have been written before 362. The papyrus was purchased by R. Reitzenstein.",,27.7756,30.8048,"Litterae Commendaticiae (letter of commendation for Theophanes on his journey from Hermopolis to Antioch).",Papyrus,,,"TM 70001",,"Image shows the upper part of the letter and the closing subscription ",,http://papyri.info/ddbdp/c.ep.lat;;222,"The script is of great interest because it illustrates the transition from the earlier Roman cursive based mostly on majuscule elements to the later cursives, which are the foundation of nearly all minuscule scripts including our own: **a**, mostly in ligature, has forms varying between uncial (Achillio with uncial **A**) and open **u**; **b** has an ancient form resembling **d** which persists into the sixth century: it differs from **d** only in that it joins the following letter; **c** is tall; **d** has a form between uncial and half-uncial; uncial **E** rises above the line and is most often in ligature; **g** is **s**-like; **N** has the majuscule form, but **n** also occurs; **ꞇ**, like **e**, is mostly in ligature with preceding and following letter; **u** is cup-shaped. At the end the sender of the letter, Vitalis, added five lines in sloping cursive. A third hand added ἡγεμ(όνι) φοινεικησ on the outside of the letter.","☛CLA date (IV ante 362?) changed to follow evidence offered by other documents related to Theophanes' journey (J. Matthews, The Journey of Theophanes (Yale 2006). ☛ChLA 19.687. ☛Cavenaile CPL 262.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1247,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1247,"The script is of great interest because it illustrates the transition from the earlier Roman cursive based mostly on majuscule elements to the later cursives, which are the foundation of nearly all minuscule scripts including our own: a, mostly in ligature, has forms varying between uncial (Achillio with uncial A) and open u; b has an ancient form resembling d which persists into the sixth century: it differs from d only in that it joins the following letter; c is tall; d has a form between uncial and half-uncial; uncial E rises above the line and is most often in ligature; g is s-like; N has the majuscule form, but n also occurs; ꞇ, like e, is mostly in ligature with preceding and following letter; u is cup-shaped. At the end the sender of the letter, Vitalis, added five lines in sloping cursive. A third hand added ἡγεμ(όνι) φοινεικησ on the outside of the letter.
","Written in Egypt where it was found. The official title ἡγεμών for 'praeses' in the address suggests that the letter must have been written before 362. The papyrus was purchased by R. Reitzenstein.
","☛CLA date (IV ante 362?) changed to follow evidence offered by other documents related to Theophanes' journey (J. Matthews, The Journey of Theophanes (Yale 2006). ☛ChLA 19.687. ☛Cavenaile CPL 262.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1247.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1247.jpg 1248,903,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,6,833,"Found in Egypt.",,,,"Vergilius, Eclogae (5.17–31).",Parchment,,,"TM 62955",,"Image shows the entire recto ",,,"Script is small and compressed Rustic capital and recalls the Palatine Gellius (CLA [1.74](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/85)) in the marked contrast between thick and thin strokes. Only part of the recto is legible and nothing of the verso.","☛CLA date changed from saec. IV to follow Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 30.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1248,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1248,"Script is small and compressed Rustic capital and recalls the Palatine Gellius (CLA 1.74) in the marked contrast between thick and thin strokes. Only part of the recto is legible and nothing of the verso.
","Found in Egypt.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. IV to follow Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1248.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1248.jpg 1249,904,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,6,834,"Origin resumably Byzantium, to judge by the script and the similarity to the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)). Found in Egypt.",,,,"Ulpianus, Disputationes (2–3, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 62945",,"Image shows the whole verso of 6 B",,,"Script is an expert uncial of a distinct type found in a number of legal manuscripts: the characteristic letters are the tall **B** and the **R** whose stem goes well below the line and whose last stroke is a horizontal running along the base-line.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1249,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1249,"Script is an expert uncial of a distinct type found in a number of legal manuscripts: the characteristic letters are the tall B and the R whose stem goes well below the line and whose last stroke is a horizontal running along the base-line.
","Origin resumably Byzantium, to judge by the script and the similarity to the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295). Found in Egypt.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1249.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1249.jpg 1250,905,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (788)",776,800,6,835,"Written at Strasbourg by order of Bishop Rachio in 788 for St Mary's Church of that city, according to the long inscription on fol. 2: '. . . in ann DCCLXXXUIII . . . et in anno XUIII regnante domno . . . Karolo rege . . . ego itaque Rachio . . . episcopes Argentoratinsis urbis in anno V episcopatus mei . . . in amore Dei et sancte Mariae Argentoratinsis urbis eclesie hec libro canonum . . . scribere iussi.' In the late-sixteenth century the manuscript came into the possession of Jacques Bongars (†1612) who bequeathed his collection to the city of Bern. The Counsel of Bern, at the request of the Cardinal de Rohan, restored the manuscript to Strasbourg in 1774. Perished in the siege of Strasbourg on August 24/25, 1870.",,48.5734,7.7521,"Canonum Collectio Hispana.",Parchment,"Codex Rachionis.",,"TM 67612",,"Image from Le Comte de Bastard",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; ligature **ni** occurs at line-end.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1250,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1250,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; ligature ni occurs at line-end.
","Written at Strasbourg by order of Bishop Rachio in 788 for St Mary's Church of that city, according to the long inscription on fol. 2: '. . . in ann DCCLXXXUIII . . . et in anno XUIII regnante domno . . . Karolo rege . . . ego itaque Rachio . . . episcopes Argentoratinsis urbis in anno V episcopatus mei . . . in amore Dei et sancte Mariae Argentoratinsis urbis eclesie hec libro canonum . . . scribere iussi.' In the late-sixteenth century the manuscript came into the possession of Jacques Bongars (†1612) who bequeathed his collection to the city of Bern. The Counsel of Bern, at the request of the Cardinal de Rohan, restored the manuscript to Strasbourg in 1774. Perished in the siege of Strasbourg on August 24/25, 1870.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1250.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1250.jpg 1251,906,Uncial,"VII med (ante 666/667)",626,665,6,836,"Written at Albi by the scribe Perpetuus at the order of Dido, bishop of Albi; the evidence comes from the lost subscription, now to be found in a tenth-century copy of our manuscript (Albi MS 2, fol. 17r), which reads 'Explicit liber canonum. Amen. Ego Perpetuus quamuis indignus presbyter iussus a domino meo Didone urbis Albigensium episcopum hunc librum canonum scripsi. Post incendium ciuitatis ipsius hic liber recuperatus fuit Deo auxiliante sub die VIII Kal. augustas anno IIII regnante domni nostri Childerici regis', i.e. 666 or 667. Corroborative evidence is furnished by the entries in Notae Tironianae at the end of each quire. The manuscript belonged to the Augustinian monastery at Toulouse where it was found in 1715. The Paris part had been stolen by Libri.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Albigensis. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67613",,"Image from foll. 8v, 1, and 4 of the Paris portion ",,,"Script is uncial, apparently all in the hand of Perpetuus: the bow of uncial **A** often curls in; **F** and **P** are narrow; **Y** is **V**-shaped and dotted; descenders are long and pointed; ligatures **Nꞅ**, **Uꞅ**, or occur even in mid-line. Marginalia in Merovingian cursive (e.g., on foll. 1 and 4 of the Paris part); numerous marginal notes by a late tenth-century hand.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1251,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1251,"Script is uncial, apparently all in the hand of Perpetuus: the bow of uncial A often curls in; F and P are narrow; Y is V-shaped and dotted; descenders are long and pointed; ligatures Nꞅ, Uꞅ, or occur even in mid-line. Marginalia in Merovingian cursive (e.g., on foll. 1 and 4 of the Paris part); numerous marginal notes by a late tenth-century hand.
","Written at Albi by the scribe Perpetuus at the order of Dido, bishop of Albi; the evidence comes from the lost subscription, now to be found in a tenth-century copy of our manuscript (Albi MS 2, fol. 17r), which reads 'Explicit liber canonum. Amen. Ego Perpetuus quamuis indignus presbyter iussus a domino meo Didone urbis Albigensium episcopum hunc librum canonum scripsi. Post incendium ciuitatis ipsius hic liber recuperatus fuit Deo auxiliante sub die VIII Kal. augustas anno IIII regnante domni nostri Childerici regis', i.e. 666 or 667. Corroborative evidence is furnished by the entries in Notae Tironianae at the end of each quire. The manuscript belonged to the Augustinian monastery at Toulouse where it was found in 1715. The Paris part had been stolen by Libri.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1251.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1251.jpg 1252,907,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,837,"Written probably at Tours. On fol. 1 is the saec. XIII/XIV ex-libris 'Lib Sci Martini Turon'. Was No. 151 in the eighteenth-century catalogue.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuch (Vulgata, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt, Ios, Idc, Rt).",Parchment,,,"TM 67614",,"fol. 88 ",,,"Script is bold, roundish, regular Caroline minuscule by several hands: uncial **ꝺ** and **N** occur often; **z** has regularly a point on either side; **y** is short and dotted. The first line of a new section is usually in half-uncial of Tours type. Liturgical lections are indicated by first hand. Five lines of probationes pennae saec. IX/X in Caroline minuscule and Notae Tironianae with contemporary neumes are added on fol. 164v originally blank. According to Dom Beyssac the neumes suggest Fleury.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1298.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1252,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1252,"Script is bold, roundish, regular Caroline minuscule by several hands: uncial ꝺ and N occur often; z has regularly a point on either side; y is short and dotted. The first line of a new section is usually in half-uncial of Tours type. Liturgical lections are indicated by first hand. Five lines of probationes pennae saec. IX/X in Caroline minuscule and Notae Tironianae with contemporary neumes are added on fol. 164v originally blank. According to Dom Beyssac the neumes suggest Fleury.
","Written probably at Tours. On fol. 1 is the saec. XIII/XIV ex-libris 'Lib Sci Martini Turon'. Was No. 151 in the eighteenth-century catalogue.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1298.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1252.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1252.jpg 1253,908,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,6,838,"Written in Italy and probably in Rome as suggested by the palaeography of the manuscript and the manner in which the text is manipulated; obviously it bears the marks of a book revised under the author's immediate supervision. The manuscript comes from the Oratory of Troyes, to which it was bequeathed by François Pithou (†1621) in whose collection it had the press-mark Pithou J. E. 16 (cf. Libri, in Journal des Savants, 1841).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67615",,"foll. 4 and 55 ",,,"Script is a carefully written uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial **A** is contracted and the main stroke has an added lid; the top of **ꝺ** often resembles the stem of an apple; the tail of **G** is straight and long: the bows of **P** and uncial **Q** are ample; **S** at line-end often has a scroll-like finial. The names of biblical books cited in the text are entered in the margin in small uncials in lines of diminishing length ending in a flourish. There are numerous alterations, corrections over erasure, and marginal insertions, all by a contemporary hand, which suggest that our manuscript represents the author's revision of a preliminary edition of his work; the corrected version is closer to the text as we have it today. Tenth-century marginal notes on fol. 77v. Notae Tironianae on foll. 109 and 110v.","☛R. W. Clement, 'Two Contemporary Gregorian Editions of Pope Gregory the Great's Regula Pastoralis in Troyes MS 504' [Scriptorium 39 (1985) 89–97](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1985_num_39_1_1389).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1253,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1253,"Script is a carefully written uncial, not of the oldest type: the bow of uncial A is contracted and the main stroke has an added lid; the top of ꝺ often resembles the stem of an apple; the tail of G is straight and long: the bows of P and uncial Q are ample; S at line-end often has a scroll-like finial. The names of biblical books cited in the text are entered in the margin in small uncials in lines of diminishing length ending in a flourish. There are numerous alterations, corrections over erasure, and marginal insertions, all by a contemporary hand, which suggest that our manuscript represents the author's revision of a preliminary edition of his work; the corrected version is closer to the text as we have it today. Tenth-century marginal notes on fol. 77v. Notae Tironianae on foll. 109 and 110v.
","Written in Italy and probably in Rome as suggested by the palaeography of the manuscript and the manner in which the text is manipulated; obviously it bears the marks of a book revised under the author's immediate supervision. The manuscript comes from the Oratory of Troyes, to which it was bequeathed by François Pithou (†1621) in whose collection it had the press-mark Pithou J. E. 16 (cf. Libri, in Journal des Savants, 1841).
","☛R. W. Clement, 'Two Contemporary Gregorian Editions of Pope Gregory the Great's Regula Pastoralis in Troyes MS 504' Scriptorium 39 (1985) 89–97.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1253.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1253.jpg 1254,909,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,6,839,"Written probably at St Armand. A manuscript idential in text, size and script is [Munich CLM 208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1719), written probably in Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, who was Abbot of St Amand (793–821). The Troyes manuscript probably belonged to a monastery of St Stephen, according to a tenth-century entry on fol. 1 which reads: 'Primus martyrio qui reddit xenia christo, hunc Stephanus proprium sibi sacrat habere thomellum'. Later in the Pithou collection where it bore the number I. E. 9. It was in the possession of the Troyes Oratory till the Revolution.",,,,"Cyprianus, Epistulae, Opus Incertum?",Parchment,,,"TM 67616",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a graceful Caroline minuscule: **a** is the rule, semi-uncial **a** the exception; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures **frs** (for fratres) and **or** in the ending -orum; the ligatures **UR** and **UT** are used even in the middle of words. Greek letters serve as numerals in the Capitula (foll. 99, 105v, 119)· The name 'Fridegaudus' stands in the lower margin of fol. 161 (where a new hand began to write), and is probably that of the scribe.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1254,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1254,"Script is a graceful Caroline minuscule: a is the rule, semi-uncial a the exception; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures frs (for fratres) and or in the ending -orum; the ligatures UR and UT are used even in the middle of words. Greek letters serve as numerals in the Capitula (foll. 99, 105v, 119)· The name 'Fridegaudus' stands in the lower margin of fol. 161 (where a new hand began to write), and is probably that of the scribe.
","Written probably at St Armand. A manuscript idential in text, size and script is Munich CLM 208, written probably in Salzburg under Archbishop Arno, who was Abbot of St Amand (793–821). The Troyes manuscript probably belonged to a monastery of St Stephen, according to a tenth-century entry on fol. 1 which reads: 'Primus martyrio qui reddit xenia christo, hunc Stephanus proprium sibi sacrat habere thomellum'. Later in the Pithou collection where it bore the number I. E. 9. It was in the possession of the Troyes Oratory till the Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1254.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1254.jpg 1255,910,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,6,840,"Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge by script and decoration. Was presumably connected with Ravenna as the numberous marginal entries suggest. Belonged to a church or abbey dedicated to St Mary, according to the tenth-century ex-libris on fol. 6: 'hunc librum sce marie qui abstulerit madelictus [sic] sit'. Was number C. 49 in the collection of President Bouhier.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani.",Parchment,,,"TM 67617",,"foll. 12v and 135v ",,,"Script is early minuscule in a variety of types by three distinct hands: the hand on foll. 1–8, 11–23v uses uncial **ꝺ** and **R** here and there; that on foll. 8–10v uses an **S**-like **g**; that on foll. 24 ff. uses half-uncial **Ᵹ**. Crudely written entries of biblical verses added in the margins. The word 'ravenna' has been entered by a ninth or tenth-century hand on foll. 8, 29, 34, 37v, 38.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1255,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1255,"Script is early minuscule in a variety of types by three distinct hands: the hand on foll. 1–8, 11–23v uses uncial ꝺ and R here and there; that on foll. 8–10v uses an S-like g; that on foll. 24 ff. uses half-uncial Ᵹ. Crudely written entries of biblical verses added in the margins. The word 'ravenna' has been entered by a ninth or tenth-century hand on foll. 8, 29, 34, 37v, 38.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge by script and decoration. Was presumably connected with Ravenna as the numberous marginal entries suggest. Belonged to a church or abbey dedicated to St Mary, according to the tenth-century ex-libris on fol. 6: 'hunc librum sce marie qui abstulerit madelictus [sic] sit'. Was number C. 49 in the collection of President Bouhier.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1255.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1255.jpg 1256,911,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,6,841,"Written at Luxeuil or affiliated house, to judge by script and display. Provenance St Amand: on fol. 1v stands the St Amand press-mark (saec. XV) '229 B' along with two ex-libris, 'Liber Sancti Amandi in Pabula', etc. (saec. XVII) and '1633 in monasterio S. Amandi' in the hand of A. Miraeus who in 1608 edited the text. Brought to Valenciennes in 1790 with other St Amand manuscripts.",,,,"Hieryonymus-Eusebius, Chronicon. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67618",,"foll. 5 and 41 ",,,"Script is a late expert uncial with descenders ending in a fine hair-line: the bow of uncial **A** is shaped like a small drop; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; uncial **E** is open; **G** is characteristic with the tail ending in a curve to the right; **LL** run together; the top of **T** has a loop to the left and its foot is a longish horizontal to the right; **X** has its lower left limb turning in; **Y** is short, dotted, and stands on the line; **Æ** ligature occurs in mid-line; **NT** ligature recalls the Paris Gregory (CLA [5.670](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)). Half-uncial words or lines occur here and there (foll. 8v, 37, 61, 61v, 62, etc.). The minuscule entry on fol. 41 and some display capitals (M, X) recall Luxeuil. Interlinear corrections in eighth-century minuscule on foll. 101, 108. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 8v, 10v.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 17, dates to VII ex–VIII in.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1256,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1256,"Script is a late expert uncial with descenders ending in a fine hair-line: the bow of uncial A is shaped like a small drop; the lower bow of B protrudes; uncial E is open; G is characteristic with the tail ending in a curve to the right; LL run together; the top of T has a loop to the left and its foot is a longish horizontal to the right; X has its lower left limb turning in; Y is short, dotted, and stands on the line; Æ ligature occurs in mid-line; NT ligature recalls the Paris Gregory (CLA 5.670). Half-uncial words or lines occur here and there (foll. 8v, 37, 61, 61v, 62, etc.). The minuscule entry on fol. 41 and some display capitals (M, X) recall Luxeuil. Interlinear corrections in eighth-century minuscule on foll. 101, 108. Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 8v, 10v.
","Written at Luxeuil or affiliated house, to judge by script and display. Provenance St Amand: on fol. 1v stands the St Amand press-mark (saec. XV) '229 B' along with two ex-libris, 'Liber Sancti Amandi in Pabula', etc. (saec. XVII) and '1633 in monasterio S. Amandi' in the hand of A. Miraeus who in 1608 edited the text. Brought to Valenciennes in 1790 with other St Amand manuscripts.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 17, dates to VII ex–VIII in.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/6/1256.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/6/1256.jpg 1257,970,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,7,**141,"Origin uncertain; Italy seems most probable, to judge by the script.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 10–11, Mc 11, 13–14, Lc 12–13, Io 6, 8–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 66241",,"Image shows the recto of the Lucerne fragment",,,"Script is natural and rather graceful uncial of a late type: **Y** is short and dotted; descenders are markedly long.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1329 (p. 1–10). ☛Formerly Luzern, Private collection Zinniker 203.",,,,,454,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1257,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1257,"Script is natural and rather graceful uncial of a late type: Y is short and dotted; descenders are markedly long.
","Origin uncertain; Italy seems most probable, to judge by the script.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1329 (p. 1–10). ☛Formerly Luzern, Private collection Zinniker 203.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1257.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1257.jpg 1258,920,"German Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,**168,"Written in a South German centre, probably in the Freising region, to judge from the script. Since all the London fragments were used as fly-leaves of manuscripts hailing from the Georgenberg monastery in the Tyrol, the Basel and Donaueschingen leaves probably came from the same place.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani (Pars Aestivalis, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66272",,"Image from the recto of the Basel folio ",,,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a Bavarian type with marked resemblance to that of a group of Freising manuscripts (Munich Lat. 6279, 6308, etc.): both forms of **a** are frequent; the ligature **ni** with subscript **i** is used; **nt** occurs even in mid-word. For other details see under London (CLA [2.168](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/483)).","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 17 (925).",,,11,,483,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1258,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1258,"Script is a roundish minuscule of a Bavarian type with marked resemblance to that of a group of Freising manuscripts (Munich Lat. 6279, 6308, etc.): both forms of a are frequent; the ligature ni with subscript i is used; nt occurs even in mid-word. For other details see under London (CLA 2.168).
","Written in a South German centre, probably in the Freising region, to judge from the script. Since all the London fragments were used as fly-leaves of manuscripts hailing from the Georgenberg monastery in the Tyrol, the Basel and Donaueschingen leaves probably came from the same place.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 17 (925).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1258.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1258.jpg 1259,969,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,7,**173,"Written presumably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script. The manuscript may be identified with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus’ (S Remi, Rheims) from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. The New Haven (formerly Lucerne) leaf probably preceded the [London](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/488) and [Metz](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1096) leaves in the original order of the manuscript, to judge from the chronological order of the sermons at the beginning of the London part. It is quite possible that New York, Pierpont Morgan Library MS 17, a homiliary of the same type of script and size and of strikingly similar composition, formed the continuation of this manuscript.",,47.8168,6.3811,"Augustinus, Homiliae (190); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae; Epiphanius, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66277",,"Image from the verso of the Lucerne leaf ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Luxeuil type. Ascenders on the top line are considerably elongated. For other details see under [London](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/488) and [Metz](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1096).","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.",,,8,,488,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1259,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1259,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Luxeuil type. Ascenders on the top line are considerably elongated. For other details see under London and Metz.
","Written presumably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script. The manuscript may be identified with the 'vetustissimus codex Remigianus’ (S Remi, Rheims) from which the Benedictines printed the homily on the Ascension. The New Haven (formerly Lucerne) leaf probably preceded the London and Metz leaves in the original order of the manuscript, to judge from the chronological order of the sermons at the beginning of the London part. It is quite possible that New York, Pierpont Morgan Library MS 17, a homiliary of the same type of script and size and of strikingly similar composition, formed the continuation of this manuscript.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 8a. ☛Formerly Lucerne, Private collection Zinniker 201. ☛Formerly Metz, Bibliothèque Municipale Salis 140.1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1259.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1259.jpg 1260,931,"Mixed Minuscule","VIII ex (779–797)",779,797,7,**568,"Written presumably at Fleury, to judge by certain palaeographical features which it has in common with [Paris N. A. Lat. 1597](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1077) and the fly-leaf in [Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 455](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1883). The approximate date is fixed by the paschal table on fol. Bv which runs from 779 to 797: the script favours the end of that cycle. The Fleury ex-libris saec. IX–X 'hic est lib sci benedicti floriacensi(!)' is seen on fol. l38v. The complete manuscript belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Bern part was acquired by Jacob Bongars (1554–1612) whose name is seen on foll. 2 and 195v; his heir, J. Gravisset, donated it to the city of Bern in 1632.",,47.8096,2.3057,"Donatus; Maximus Victorinus, De Finalibus Metrorum; Asper; Sergius; Alcuinus, De Grammatica; Beda, De Schematibus et Tropis; Isidorus, Etymologiae (1); Iulianus Toletanus; Probus, De Ultimis Syllabis.",Parchment,,,"TM 66699",,"fol. 48v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b84900632,"Script, by several hands, is a curious tiny mixed type found also in [Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 455](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1883) and [Bern A 91(7)](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1308) + Paris Lat. 9332 saec. IX in.: open **a** predominates; **d** has two forms; **g** has the Insular form and is s-shaped in ligature; suprascript pointed **v** is frequent in final syllables; many ligatures recall Insular forms; noteworthy are the ligatures of **li** and the numerals LX and XX. Marginalia in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X, some interspersed with Notae Tironianae. Some Irish glosses.",,3,,,,930,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1260,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1260,"Script, by several hands, is a curious tiny mixed type found also in Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 455 and Bern A 91(7) + Paris Lat. 9332 saec. IX in.: open a predominates; d has two forms; g has the Insular form and is s-shaped in ligature; suprascript pointed v is frequent in final syllables; many ligatures recall Insular forms; noteworthy are the ligatures of li and the numerals LX and XX. Marginalia in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X, some interspersed with Notae Tironianae. Some Irish glosses.
","Written presumably at Fleury, to judge by certain palaeographical features which it has in common with Paris N. A. Lat. 1597 and the fly-leaf in Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 455. The approximate date is fixed by the paschal table on fol. Bv which runs from 779 to 797: the script favours the end of that cycle. The Fleury ex-libris saec. IX–X 'hic est lib sci benedicti floriacensi(!)' is seen on fol. l38v. The complete manuscript belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603); the Bern part was acquired by Jacob Bongars (1554–1612) whose name is seen on foll. 2 and 195v; his heir, J. Gravisset, donated it to the city of Bern in 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1260.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1260.jpg 1262,933,"Uncial and Half-Uncial","VII ex",676,700,7,**592,"Written probably in Spain, to judge by Spanish symptoms in the original text and the presence of Visigothic additions and marginalia in the Paris part. Connection with South Italy is suggested by Beneventan probationes pennae in the Paris part. The main part of the manuscript came to Paris from Chartres in 1793. The Bern leaves were acquired by Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated them to the city of Bern in 1632.",,,,"Oribasius, Synopsis; Rufus, De Podagra; Varia Medica.",Parchment,,,"TM 66723",,"Image from Bern fol. 8",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b105154587,"Script is a stately, but somewhat ornate uncial (half uncial is seen only in the Paris section): the bow of **A** is thin and often triangular; the lower bow of **B** protrudes markedly and the upper bow is small and angular; the eye of **E** is often closed; the tail of **𐌾** is a thin down-stroke; the second bow of **M** often rises above the head-line; the top of **T** has a pendant finial at both ends; **Y** is often dotted and descends below the line; **LL** mostly run together; descenders are noticeably long. An eighth-century corrector is seen on Bern fol. 10v. An eighth-century hand entered 'hic d' on fol. 9v and 'et hic dim[itte]' on fol. 13v to guide a copyist. The chapter numbers of Book 6 were added on Bern fol. 18v by a later hand, saec. X or XI. A curious monogram for 'Nota', saec. X or XI, seen in several other manuscripts from Chartres, occurs in the margins passim. For other details see under [Paris](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/959).","☛Two modern foliations: an inaccurate one in pencil and an accurate one in ink.",,,,,959,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1262,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1262,"Script is a stately, but somewhat ornate uncial (half uncial is seen only in the Paris section): the bow of A is thin and often triangular; the lower bow of B protrudes markedly and the upper bow is small and angular; the eye of E is often closed; the tail of 𐌾 is a thin down-stroke; the second bow of M often rises above the head-line; the top of T has a pendant finial at both ends; Y is often dotted and descends below the line; LL mostly run together; descenders are noticeably long. An eighth-century corrector is seen on Bern fol. 10v. An eighth-century hand entered 'hic d' on fol. 9v and 'et hic dim[itte]' on fol. 13v to guide a copyist. The chapter numbers of Book 6 were added on Bern fol. 18v by a later hand, saec. X or XI. A curious monogram for 'Nota', saec. X or XI, seen in several other manuscripts from Chartres, occurs in the margins passim. For other details see under Paris.
","Written probably in Spain, to judge by Spanish symptoms in the original text and the presence of Visigothic additions and marginalia in the Paris part. Connection with South Italy is suggested by Beneventan probationes pennae in the Paris part. The main part of the manuscript came to Paris from Chartres in 1793. The Bern leaves were acquired by Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated them to the city of Bern in 1632.
","☛Two modern foliations: an inaccurate one in pencil and an accurate one in ink.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1262.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1262.jpg 1263,941,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,**604,"Written apparently in East France. The Paris leaves formed part of the De Rosny Library (No. 2400 in the sale catalogue) and were purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1844. For the later history of the Bern part see CLA [5.604](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/972).",,,,"Asper, Ars Grammatica; Aenigmata Hexasticha; Formulae; Cyclus Decennovennalis. ",Parchment,,,"TM 66771",,"foll. 68v, 82, and 88v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script shows a variety of types: the main part is written in rapid cursive, uncalligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a Merovingian type, with a large admixture of Notae Tironianae from fol. 86v on (foll. 90v, 91, and 92 are almost entirely Tironian); sickle-shaped **u** on the line is seen here and there; the shallow s-shaped **ui** ligature occurs after **q**; uncial is seen on foll. 81v–82, half-uncial (with uncial **𐌾** regularly) on foll. 68v–69. Lozenge-shaped **O** is seen in the heading on fol. 50v. A contemporary hand entered the Greek alphabet with its Latin equivalent and a grammatical Latin alphabet in the lower margins of foll. 77v–78. For the Paris portion see CLA [5.604](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/972).",,,3,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1263,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1263,"Script shows a variety of types: the main part is written in rapid cursive, uncalligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a Merovingian type, with a large admixture of Notae Tironianae from fol. 86v on (foll. 90v, 91, and 92 are almost entirely Tironian); sickle-shaped u on the line is seen here and there; the shallow s-shaped ui ligature occurs after q; uncial is seen on foll. 81v–82, half-uncial (with uncial 𐌾 regularly) on foll. 68v–69. Lozenge-shaped O is seen in the heading on fol. 50v. A contemporary hand entered the Greek alphabet with its Latin equivalent and a grammatical Latin alphabet in the lower margins of foll. 77v–78. For the Paris portion see CLA 5.604.
","Written apparently in East France. The Paris leaves formed part of the De Rosny Library (No. 2400 in the sale catalogue) and were purchased by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1844. For the later history of the Bern part see CLA 5.604.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1263.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1263.jpg 1264,939,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,**604a,"Written in France, apparently in the East, in the same centre where the other parts were executed. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated his library in 1632 to the city of Bern.",,,,Glossaria.,Parchment,,,"TM 67005",,"Image shows the entire fol. 16",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is a rapid, uncalligraphic cursive minuscule of a distinctly Merovingian type: suprascript **u** is frequent. Notae Tironianae occur here and there within the text. A list of German names and lunar prognostications were entered by ninth-century hands on foll. 19v and 20r, which is the first page of the following fascicle.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1264,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264,"Script is a rapid, uncalligraphic cursive minuscule of a distinctly Merovingian type: suprascript u is frequent. Notae Tironianae occur here and there within the text. A list of German names and lunar prognostications were entered by ninth-century hands on foll. 19v and 20r, which is the first page of the following fascicle.
","Written in France, apparently in the East, in the same centre where the other parts were executed. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated his library in 1632 to the city of Bern.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1264.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1264.jpg 1265,940,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,**604b,"Written apparently in East France. For later history see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264).",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (epitome); Heraclides Eremita, Paradisus (epitome).",Parchment,,,"TM 67006",,"Image shows the entire fol. 40v","Image from the verso of the Reims leaf",http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is a rather rapid pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, with numerous ligatures: **c** is often tall as in Merovingian charter-hand; **N** is frequent; **i** after **r** regularly has the long form as in Merovingian charters. The scribe of the crowded cursive minuscule seen on the lower half of foll. 40v, 41, and 41v also wrote foll. 138v–140 (see CLA [**604d](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1267)).",,,3,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1265,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1265,"Script is a rather rapid pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, with numerous ligatures: c is often tall as in Merovingian charter-hand; N is frequent; i after r regularly has the long form as in Merovingian charters. The scribe of the crowded cursive minuscule seen on the lower half of foll. 40v, 41, and 41v also wrote foll. 138v–140 (see CLA **604d).
","Written apparently in East France. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1265.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1265.jpg 1266,942,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Cursive Minuscule","VIII¹ (727)",727,750,7,**604c,"Written apparently in East France. The precise date 727 is fixed by the Computus, which states that 5928 years have passed 'a principio mundi usque in praesente anno'—a date not incompatible with the palaeography of the manuscript. For later history of the manuscript see CLA [**604a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264).",,,,"Computus; Ps- Methodius; Patristica Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67007",,"foll. 95, 101, and 114v",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script, by several hands, some more, some less cursive, is pre-Caroline minuscule of French type and somewhat reminiscent of Luxeuil; the hand of foll. 114–15 with very long ascenders and descenders makes frequent use of sickle-shaped **u** on the line and **i**-longa after **r**.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1266,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1266,"Script, by several hands, some more, some less cursive, is pre-Caroline minuscule of French type and somewhat reminiscent of Luxeuil; the hand of foll. 114–15 with very long ascenders and descenders makes frequent use of sickle-shaped u on the line and i-longa after r.
","Written apparently in East France. The precise date 727 is fixed by the Computus, which states that 5928 years have passed 'a principio mundi usque in praesente anno'—a date not incompatible with the palaeography of the manuscript. For later history of the manuscript see CLA **604a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1266.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1266.jpg 1267,943,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,**604d,"Written apparently in East France. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA [**604a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264).",,,,"Physiologus; Excerpta Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67008",,"foll. 116v and 143v",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is mostly cursive minuscule barely distinguishable from charter-hand; uncial is used for the table of contents and the beginning of Ch. 1 (foll. 116v–117v). The hand seen on foll. 138v–140, originally left blank, is also seen on foll. 40v, 41, and 41v (see CLA [**604b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/1265)).",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1267,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1267,"Script is mostly cursive minuscule barely distinguishable from charter-hand; uncial is used for the table of contents and the beginning of Ch. 1 (foll. 116v–117v). The hand seen on foll. 138v–140, originally left blank, is also seen on foll. 40v, 41, and 41v (see CLA **604b).
","Written apparently in East France. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA **604a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1267.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1267.jpg 1268,946,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,**604e,"Written apparently in East France, to judge by the script. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA [**604a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264).",,,,Receptarius.,Parchment,,,"TM 67011",,"fol. 147v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, with some features recalling Luxeuil and some Corbie: noteworthy is **b** with the horizontal tag often occurring when it joins a following **a**, **e**, or **i**; sickle-shaped **u** is used suprascript and even on the line.","☛CLA number (**604c, p. 10) corrected to **604e. ",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1268,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1268,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule of French type, with some features recalling Luxeuil and some Corbie: noteworthy is b with the horizontal tag often occurring when it joins a following a, e, or i; sickle-shaped u is used suprascript and even on the line.
","Written apparently in East France, to judge by the script. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA **604a.
","☛CLA number (**604c, p. 10) corrected to **604e.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1268.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1268.jpg 1270,964,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,7,**614,"Written presumably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script and decoration. Was used by Florus Diaconus of Lyon (†859/860). The manuscript was much more complete in the tenth century, if Cambridge University Additional MS 3479 is a direct copy. The Geneva part is recorded at Lyon in 1530 by Claude Bellelièvre; by the middle of the sixteenth century it was probably in the possession of Jean Choisnin de Châtellerault, secretary to the future French King Henry III, as suggested by the entry ‘Choisnyn' on fol. 2; it belonged already in 1605 to Paul Petau (see fol. 1), whose arms it bears on the binding, and was acquired from his heirs in 1720 by Ami Lullin who presented it to the Geneva library in 1742. The Paris part in 1677 was in the possession of a member of the Fimarcon family in Gascony, where it had been brought from Narbonne by another member of the family, an archdeacon of the Church of St Just in Narbonne; it was acquired by St Germain des Prés around 1710 (where it bore the number ‘lat. 664.3') and by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf came into the collection of Pierre Dubrowski in 1795.",,47.8168,6.3811,"Augustinus, Epistulae (279, 288, 21, 41, 38, 20, 358, 99, 359, 81, 194, 374, 352), Enarrationes in Psalmos, De Doctrina Christiana (1.9–15), Sermones (180).",Parchment,,,"TM 59329",,"fol. 45v of the Geneva part",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/bge/lat0016,"Script is a handsome, well-formed, broad uncial; for description of the characteristic letters see under [Paris](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989); half-uncial is found only in the Paris part. Crude pen-and-ink drawings and numerous probationes pennae stand on both sides of Geneva fol. 53, some of these entries being in Caroline minuscule and some (also on fol. 1) in Merovingian cursive: e.g. 'In dei nomen uualderichus rogitus subscripsi' (saec. VIII, fol. 53v). The beginning of a tachygraphic syllabary also found in Autun MS 107 (CLA [6.729](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1134)) occurs twice on the same folio.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 13, dates to VII ex.",,,,,989,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1270,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1270,"Script is a handsome, well-formed, broad uncial; for description of the characteristic letters see under Paris; half-uncial is found only in the Paris part. Crude pen-and-ink drawings and numerous probationes pennae stand on both sides of Geneva fol. 53, some of these entries being in Caroline minuscule and some (also on fol. 1) in Merovingian cursive: e.g. 'In dei nomen uualderichus rogitus subscripsi' (saec. VIII, fol. 53v). The beginning of a tachygraphic syllabary also found in Autun MS 107 (CLA 6.729) occurs twice on the same folio.
","Written presumably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script and decoration. Was used by Florus Diaconus of Lyon (†859/860). The manuscript was much more complete in the tenth century, if Cambridge University Additional MS 3479 is a direct copy. The Geneva part is recorded at Lyon in 1530 by Claude Bellelièvre; by the middle of the sixteenth century it was probably in the possession of Jean Choisnin de Châtellerault, secretary to the future French King Henry III, as suggested by the entry ‘Choisnyn' on fol. 2; it belonged already in 1605 to Paul Petau (see fol. 1), whose arms it bears on the binding, and was acquired from his heirs in 1720 by Ami Lullin who presented it to the Geneva library in 1742. The Paris part in 1677 was in the possession of a member of the Fimarcon family in Gascony, where it had been brought from Narbonne by another member of the family, an archdeacon of the Church of St Just in Narbonne; it was acquired by St Germain des Prés around 1710 (where it bore the number ‘lat. 664.3') and by the Bibliothèque Nationale during the Revolution. The St Petersburg leaf came into the collection of Pierre Dubrowski in 1795.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 13, dates to VII ex.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1270.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1270.jpg 1271,1085,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,7,1000,"Origin uncertain: an Irish centre seems likely, considering the presence of Irish minuscule in the same palimpsest (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1272)). Used for rewriting in the late eleventh century, apparently in the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The ex-libris ‘Bibliothecae eccles. Scaphus. ad D. Johannem' (saec. XVI) is seen on the unnumbered fly-leaf.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67145",,"fol. 15v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/sbs/min0045,"Script is Insular majuscule and most likely by an Irish hand, with **d**, **N**, **r**, **S** and **ꞅ**. Verses 21 and 27 f. of Lc 23 are clearly decipherable on fol. 18.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1271,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1271,"Script is Insular majuscule and most likely by an Irish hand, with d, N, r, S and ꞅ. Verses 21 and 27 f. of Lc 23 are clearly decipherable on fol. 18.
","Origin uncertain: an Irish centre seems likely, considering the presence of Irish minuscule in the same palimpsest (see next item). Used for rewriting in the late eleventh century, apparently in the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The ex-libris ‘Bibliothecae eccles. Scaphus. ad D. Johannem' (saec. XVI) is seen on the unnumbered fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1271.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1271.jpg 1272,1086,"Insular Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,1001,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Ireland. Used for rewriting in the late eleventh century, apparently in the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1271).",3,,,"Fragmenta Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67146",,"fol. 48v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/sbs/min0045,"Script is a diminutive Insular minuscule, and to all appearances Irish: the word homo with the characteristic **h** and subscript **o** after **m** is discernible in the upper left corner of fol. 48v.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1272,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1272,"Script is a diminutive Insular minuscule, and to all appearances Irish: the word homo with the characteristic h and subscript o after m is discernible in the upper left corner of fol. 48v.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Ireland. Used for rewriting in the late eleventh century, apparently in the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. For later history see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1272.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1272.jpg 1273,1087,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1002,"Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the script, mostly by Uuolfgisus presbyter whose subscription is seen on fol. 213v. Belonged to the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The eleventh-century entry on fol. 1, 'Istum librum domno willehelmo et nocturnalem librum', may refer to Wilhelm, abbot of Hirsau, whence other books came to Allerheiligen with the first monks. Preserved after the Reformation in the church of St John at Schaffhausen, as is attested by the ex-libris (saec. XVIII) on fol. 1v.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Expositio in Psalmos (1–50).",Parchment,,,"TM 67147",,"fol. 17v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/sbs/min0078,"Script is a broad, roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, mainly by the scribe Uuolfgisus: open **a** is the rule, **a** the exception; **z** is broad and tall; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ri** ligature is frequent; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1273,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1273,"Script is a broad, roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, mainly by the scribe Uuolfgisus: open a is the rule, a the exception; z is broad and tall; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ri ligature is frequent; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti.
","Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the script, mostly by Uuolfgisus presbyter whose subscription is seen on fol. 213v. Belonged to the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The eleventh-century entry on fol. 1, 'Istum librum domno willehelmo et nocturnalem librum', may refer to Wilhelm, abbot of Hirsau, whence other books came to Allerheiligen with the first monks. Preserved after the Reformation in the church of St John at Schaffhausen, as is attested by the ex-libris (saec. XVIII) on fol. 1v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1273.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1273.jpg 1274,1088,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1003,"Written in Switzerland or North Italy, probably in the centre which produced Einsiedeln 369 foll. 1–2. The Schaffhausen manuscript belonged to the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen, later to the church of St John (cf. the eighteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1). The Zürich fragment formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67148",,"Image from fol. 67v of the Zürich miscellany",,,"Script is a roundish, early minuscule of an Italian type: open **a** and **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**; **e** is tall; **i**-longa is frequent initially; the shoulder of **r** curves up and extends over the following letter; the top of **t** bends considerably to the left, but the flat top occurs at beginning of words; the **fi** ligature has the Italian form. An early hand added liturgical lection-marks (**t** = Christ, **c** = other persons and Evangelist).",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1274,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1274,"Script is a roundish, early minuscule of an Italian type: open a and a, d and ꝺ; e is tall; i-longa is frequent initially; the shoulder of r curves up and extends over the following letter; the top of t bends considerably to the left, but the flat top occurs at beginning of words; the fi ligature has the Italian form. An early hand added liturgical lection-marks (t = Christ, c = other persons and Evangelist).
","Written in Switzerland or North Italy, probably in the centre which produced Einsiedeln 369 foll. 1–2. The Schaffhausen manuscript belonged to the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen, later to the church of St John (cf. the eighteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1). The Zürich fragment formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1274.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1274.jpg 1275,1089,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1004,"Written in a Rhaetian centre.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Zachariam (2.9, 10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67149",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: the shaft of **h** is either club-shaped or sinuous.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1275,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1275,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: the shaft of h is either club-shaped or sinuous.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1275.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1275.jpg 1276,1090,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,7,1005,"Written probably in North Italy. Later history unknown. The fragment belongs to the collection formed by the Zürich archaeologist Ferdinand Keller (†1881) and bequeathed by him to the Zürich Antiquarische Gesellschaft, and is now deposited in the Staatsarchiv.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Incarnatione Domini (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67150",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a well-formed, small type half-uncial: **𐌾** has the uncial form; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially (In, cuIus); the form of **r** is noteworthy. Marginalia in sloping cursive half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1276,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1276,"Script is a well-formed, small type half-uncial: 𐌾 has the uncial form; i-longa occurs initially and medially (In, cuIus); the form of r is noteworthy. Marginalia in sloping cursive half-uncial.
","Written probably in North Italy. Later history unknown. The fragment belongs to the collection formed by the Zürich archaeologist Ferdinand Keller (†1881) and bequeathed by him to the Zürich Antiquarische Gesellschaft, and is now deposited in the Staatsarchiv.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1276.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1276.jpg 1277,1091,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1006,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur, where this type flourished in the time of Bishop Remedius (ca. 800). One of the two surviving leaves belongs to the collection formed by the Zürich archaeologist Ferdinand Keller (†1881) who bequeathed it to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.",,46.8508,9.532,"Decreta Pontificum Romanorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67151",,"Image from p. 49, the verso of the folio ",,,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule described under St Gall 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)). The uncial is stilted: the second vertical of **N** cuts the oblique.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1277,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1277,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule described under St Gall 348 (CLA 7.936). The uncial is stilted: the second vertical of N cuts the oblique.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur, where this type flourished in the time of Bishop Remedius (ca. 800). One of the two surviving leaves belongs to the collection formed by the Zürich archaeologist Ferdinand Keller (†1881) who bequeathed it to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1277.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1277.jpg 1278,1092,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1007,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur, where this type flourished about 800. The leaf was used as a book-jacket. Part of the Ferdinand Keller collection now owned by the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.",,46.8508,9.532,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67152",,"Image from p. 59, the recto of the folio",,,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule (see CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 921.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1278,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1278,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule (see CLA 7.936).
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur, where this type flourished about 800. The leaf was used as a book-jacket. Part of the Ferdinand Keller collection now owned by the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 921.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1278.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1278.jpg 1279,1093,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1008,"Written presumably in Ireland. Provenance probably St Gall: 'Ezechiel propheta in volumine I' is mentioned in the St Gall ninth-century catalogue among the 'Libri scottice scripti'. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores, cum Commentario et Glossis (Vulgata, Ez 2.6–3.6, 8–15, 16.4–21, 26–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 67153",,"fol. 24v (p. 62)",,,"Script is an expert Irish minuscule: ligatures include **no**, **ua**. The manuscript is an early example of a book containing both text and commentary in parallel columns, a type which later becomes common. The glosses are mainly taken from Gregory's homilies. The probatio pennae 'anima mea' (saec. X) is seen on fol. 25 (cf. fol. 57 CLA [7.1012](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1283)).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1279,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1279,"Script is an expert Irish minuscule: ligatures include no, ua. The manuscript is an early example of a book containing both text and commentary in parallel columns, a type which later becomes common. The glosses are mainly taken from Gregory's homilies. The probatio pennae 'anima mea' (saec. X) is seen on fol. 25 (cf. fol. 57 CLA 7.1012).
","Written presumably in Ireland. Provenance probably St Gall: 'Ezechiel propheta in volumine I' is mentioned in the St Gall ninth-century catalogue among the 'Libri scottice scripti'. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1279.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1279.jpg 1280,1094,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,1009,"Written presumably in England. Belonged later to Reichenau, where the manuscript was used to strengthen bindings. The Karlsruhe bifolium was removed from the binding of Cod. Aug. 37. The Zürich leaves formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection which he bequeathed to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.",,,,"Priscianus, Institutio de Nomine et Pronomine et Verbo (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67154",,"fol. 26 (p. 65)",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40768,"Script is a graceful, rapid, almost cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is open; both **ꝺ** and **d** occur; **Ᵹ** in ligatures resembles elongated **s**; **i**-longa is found initially and medially (huIus); majuscule **S** occurs; **y** has two forms; noteworthy are the elongated **c** in ligature and the curious **fi** ligature.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1280,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1280,"Script is a graceful, rapid, almost cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is open; both ꝺ and d occur; Ᵹ in ligatures resembles elongated s; i-longa is found initially and medially (huIus); majuscule S occurs; y has two forms; noteworthy are the elongated c in ligature and the curious fi ligature.
","Written presumably in England. Belonged later to Reichenau, where the manuscript was used to strengthen bindings. The Karlsruhe bifolium was removed from the binding of Cod. Aug. 37. The Zürich leaves formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection which he bequeathed to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1280.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1280.jpg 1281,1095,"Insular Majuscule",VIII,701,800,7,1010,"Written probably in Ireland. The leaf formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection which he bequeathed to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67155",,"fol. 32 (p. 78) ",,,"Script is a late and not very expert Insular majuscule: **d** and **s** are more frequent than **ꝺ** and **ꞅ**; **n** and **r** (which closely resembles n) are the rule.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1281,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1281,"Script is a late and not very expert Insular majuscule: d and s are more frequent than ꝺ and ꞅ; n and r (which closely resembles n) are the rule.
","Written probably in Ireland. The leaf formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection which he bequeathed to the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1281.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1281.jpg 1282,1096,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1011,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur where this type flourished about 800. Part of the Ferdinand Keller collection now owned by the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.",,46.8508,9.532,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos (1.2.60–63).",Parchment,,,"TM 67156",,"p. 88 ",,,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1282,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1282,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably at Chur where this type flourished about 800. Part of the Ferdinand Keller collection now owned by the Antiquarische Gesellschaft of Zürich.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1282.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1282.jpg 1283,1097,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,1012,"Written presumably in Ireland. The fragment may be compared for size and content with CLA [7.989](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1455) and [991](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1457). The manuscript was apparently discarded in the eleventh century, to judge from the probationes pennae, which are Continental. Later it was used as a jacket to a volume entitled 'Liber de artibus' (saec. XII).",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67157",,"fol. 57 (p. 117) ",,,"Script is Irish minuscule one step removed from majuscule: **Ᵹ** is rather small, when in ligature with following **n** it resembles an elongated s; both **r** and **R** are used. Tenth or eleventh century scribbles by several Continental hands.","☛Gamber, CLLA 105.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1283,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1283,"Script is Irish minuscule one step removed from majuscule: Ᵹ is rather small, when in ligature with following n it resembles an elongated s; both r and R are used. Tenth or eleventh century scribbles by several Continental hands.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The fragment may be compared for size and content with CLA 7.989 and 991. The manuscript was apparently discarded in the eleventh century, to judge from the probationes pennae, which are Continental. Later it was used as a jacket to a volume entitled 'Liber de artibus' (saec. XII).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 105.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1283.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1283.jpg 1284,1098,"Rhaetian Minuscule","VIII–IX or IX in",701,900,7,1013,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Later used to strengthen bindings. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection and is now the property of the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (2.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67158",,"fol. 60 ",,,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule of a late type.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1284,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1284,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule of a late type.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Later used to strengthen bindings. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection and is now the property of the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1284.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1284.jpg 1285,1099,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1014,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Both fragments served as book-jackets. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection and are now the property of the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.",,,,"Fragmentum Homiliarii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67159",,"fol. 66 (p. 125)",,,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: **ff** run together and have a common hasta. A late twelfth-century hand added 'Thes' on the recto and 'L·XX·' on the verso of fol. 66 (for similar marginal entries cf. Bern 376, CLA [7.863](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1316), and Zürich Z XIV 29 fragm. III).",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1285,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1285,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: ff run together and have a common hasta. A late twelfth-century hand added 'Thes' on the recto and 'L·XX·' on the verso of fol. 66 (for similar marginal entries cf. Bern 376, CLA 7.863, and Zürich Z XIV 29 fragm. III).
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Both fragments served as book-jackets. Formed part of the Ferdinand Keller collection and are now the property of the Antiquarische Gesellschaft.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1285.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1285.jpg 1286,1100,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,7,1015,"Written presumably in Switzerland or France. The fragments were used for binding an inventory of the county of Sargans drawn up in 1484.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23, 26–27, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67160",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the top of **T** forms a loop to the left; the lower left-hand branch of **X** curves to the right. One verse of the Biblical text and an interlinear correction are in a Swiss type of pre-Caroline minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1286,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1286,"Script is uncial of a late type: the top of T forms a loop to the left; the lower left-hand branch of X curves to the right. One verse of the Biblical text and an interlinear correction are in a Swiss type of pre-Caroline minuscule.
","Written presumably in Switzerland or France. The fragments were used for binding an inventory of the county of Sargans drawn up in 1484.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1286.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1286.jpg 1287,1101,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,7,1016,"Written in Gaul or Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century with Gregory's Moralia, presumably in Switzerland or France. The fragments were used for binding an inventory of the county of Sargans drawn up in 1484.",,,,"Codex Theodosianus (10.4.3, 6.1, 7.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 67161",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is well-formed uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is a thin oval. On the last line of the largest strip one can decipher 'A·AꝹ BYTIN'.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1287,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1287,"Script is well-formed uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of A is a thin oval. On the last line of the largest strip one can decipher 'A·AꝹ BYTIN'.
","Written in Gaul or Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century with Gregory's Moralia, presumably in Switzerland or France. The fragments were used for binding an inventory of the county of Sargans drawn up in 1484.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1287.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1287.jpg 1288,1102,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1017,"Written in the Alemannic area, hardly in an important centre. The familiar stamped St Gall ex-libris is seen on fol. 88v. Removed to Zürich with many other St Gall manuscripts in the Toggenburg War of 1712.",,,,"Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (2–64); Ps- Methodius; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67162",,"foll. 92v and 7v ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a diluted Alemannic type, by several hands, one of which is below the standard of calligraphy.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1288,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1288,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a diluted Alemannic type, by several hands, one of which is below the standard of calligraphy.
","Written in the Alemannic area, hardly in an important centre. The familiar stamped St Gall ex-libris is seen on fol. 88v. Removed to Zürich with many other St Gall manuscripts in the Toggenburg War of 1712.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1288.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1288.jpg 1289,1103,Uncial,V,401,500,7,1018,"Written no doubt in North Italy, presumably in the Milan area. Rewritten ca. 700 with liturgical texts of Milan use, and again ca. 800 with a glossary in a North Italian or Swiss centre. These leaves and foll. 16 and 19 of the present manuscript were removed from the same [St Gall MS 908](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415). They probably reached Zürich during the Toggenburg War (1712).",,,,"Ambrosius, In Lucam (6.86–91).",Parchment,,,"TM 67163",,"fol. 17v ",,,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is a thin oval; the tail of **𐌾** and the bow of **q** are small; the second upright of **N** is short; the stem of **R** descends below the line; **Z** is curiously small and compressed; ligatures occur at line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1289,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1289,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is a thin oval; the tail of 𐌾 and the bow of q are small; the second upright of N is short; the stem of R descends below the line; Z is curiously small and compressed; ligatures occur at line-end.
","Written no doubt in North Italy, presumably in the Milan area. Rewritten ca. 700 with liturgical texts of Milan use, and again ca. 800 with a glossary in a North Italian or Swiss centre. These leaves and foll. 16 and 19 of the present manuscript were removed from the same St Gall MS 908. They probably reached Zürich during the Toggenburg War (1712).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1289.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1289.jpg 1290,1104,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1019,"Written in Switzerland, probably in a centre under Rhaetian influence. A doubtful tradition connects the manuscript with the Irish Saint Fintan. Belonged later to the abbey of Rheinau, near Zürich, founded before 844. Came to Zürich with the other Rheinau manuscripts after the dissolution of the monastery in 1862.",,,,"Graduale; Poenitentiale; Sacramentarium Gelasianum; Martyrologium.",Parchment,,,"TM 67164",,"foll. 15 and 67v ",,,"Script is an early minuscule by various hands, some clumsy and roundish, some compressed and elongated: **oc** **a** and **a**, **ꝺ** and **d** are used; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left; **ꞇ** has either the Rhaetian or the Caroline form; **z** is tall. The name 'cundhart' is entered (saec. X) on fol. 142.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1290,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1290,"Script is an early minuscule by various hands, some clumsy and roundish, some compressed and elongated: oc a and a, ꝺ and d are used; the shaft of h often leans to the left; ꞇ has either the Rhaetian or the Caroline form; z is tall. The name 'cundhart' is entered (saec. X) on fol. 142.
","Written in Switzerland, probably in a centre under Rhaetian influence. A doubtful tradition connects the manuscript with the Irish Saint Fintan. Belonged later to the abbey of Rheinau, near Zürich, founded before 844. Came to Zürich with the other Rheinau manuscripts after the dissolution of the monastery in 1862.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1290.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1290.jpg 1291,1105,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1020,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script, possibly by a Rhaetian scribe in some Alemannic centre since St Gall 193 CLA [7.915](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1376)) is in part in the same type of script and has the same size and ornamentation. For provenance see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1290).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67165",,"foll. 85v and 97v ",,,"Script is a graceful Rhaetian minuscule by several hands: **oc** **a** is more frequent than **a**; **ꞇ** has two forms but **aꞇ** is almost the rule; **mi** ligature here and there; the ligature **nꞇ** occurs even in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft **ti**. Corrections by eleventh- and twelfth-century hands.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1291,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1291,"Script is a graceful Rhaetian minuscule by several hands: oc a is more frequent than a; ꞇ has two forms but aꞇ is almost the rule; mi ligature here and there; the ligature nꞇ occurs even in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Corrections by eleventh- and twelfth-century hands.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script, possibly by a Rhaetian scribe in some Alemannic centre since St Gall 193 CLA 7.915) is in part in the same type of script and has the same size and ornamentation. For provenance see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1291.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1291.jpg 1292,1106,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,1021,"Written presumably in Switzerland, probably in the same centre as St Gall 213 (CLA [7.922](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1383)). Provenance the monastery of Rheinau.",,,,"Excerpta Varia Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67166",,"foll. 45v and 74 ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, some crude, some neat and orderly: the main hand uses many cursive features; noteworthy is the form **o** branching at the top (foll. 10 ff.); the shoulder of **r** curves upward; **i**-longa occurs initially and often after **r** and **ꞇ**; **N** with the second upright comma-shaped is seen in the uncial headings and when capital. The hand on foll. 73v–75 recalls one of the hands of Einsiedeln 199 (638) (CLA [7.875](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1329)). Liturgical entries with neumes saec. X are seen on foll. 75–75v.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1292,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1292,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, some crude, some neat and orderly: the main hand uses many cursive features; noteworthy is the form o branching at the top (foll. 10 ff.); the shoulder of r curves upward; i-longa occurs initially and often after r and ꞇ; N with the second upright comma-shaped is seen in the uncial headings and when capital. The hand on foll. 73v–75 recalls one of the hands of Einsiedeln 199 (638) (CLA 7.875). Liturgical entries with neumes saec. X are seen on foll. 75–75v.
","Written presumably in Switzerland, probably in the same centre as St Gall 213 (CLA 7.922). Provenance the monastery of Rheinau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1292.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1292.jpg 1293,1107,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1022,"Written doubtless in an Alemannic centre.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (6.43–48).",Parchment,,,"TM 67167",,"Image from the opening, foll. 1v-2",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: **a** regularly has the **oc** form; the ligature **nt** is used in mid-word.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1293,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1293,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: a regularly has the oc form; the ligature nt is used in mid-word.
","Written doubtless in an Alemannic centre.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1293.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1293.jpg 1294,1108,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,1023,"Written in a Rhaetian centre and apparently in the one which produced the companion volume of Cassian's Collationes, fragments of which are at Donaueschingen.",,,,"Cassianus, Institutiones (10–12, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67168",,"Image from Lib. XII. 9",,,"Script is a fully developed Rhaetian minuscule widely spaced and with the strokes often failing to join, written probably by the hand seen in Donaueschingen Fragm. B III 13 (925) (CLA [8.1179](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1653)), containing Cassian's Collationes in the same size and number of lines: **a** and **d** have two forms; **ꞇ** has mostly the typically Rhaetian form. Corrections in Caroline minuscule. Various notes and transcripts by a sixteenth-century hand.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1294,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1294,"Script is a fully developed Rhaetian minuscule widely spaced and with the strokes often failing to join, written probably by the hand seen in Donaueschingen Fragm. B III 13 (925) (CLA 8.1179), containing Cassian's Collationes in the same size and number of lines: a and d have two forms; ꞇ has mostly the typically Rhaetian form. Corrections in Caroline minuscule. Various notes and transcripts by a sixteenth-century hand.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre and apparently in the one which produced the companion volume of Cassian's Collationes, fragments of which are at Donaueschingen.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1294.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1294.jpg 1295,912,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,842,"Written in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon tradition, most likely at Fulda (see Basel MS F III 15 f, CLA [7.848](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1301)). The name 'RATGARI' (or 'RATGART') written with stylus on the primitive leather cover of the manuscript may refer to the abbot of Fulda (802–817). The Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.7' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,50.5558,9.6808,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66981",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a pointed and upright Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is regularly closed; both **d** and **ꝺ** are used; **r** and **ꞅ** have long descenders; both branches of **y** curve to the right; the oblique shaft of **z** thrusts boldly below the line. Entries by several almost contemporary hands in Anglo-Saxon minuscule contain prescriptions, charms, and the oldest Fulda library inventory (foll. 17–18). The runic **ᚹ** occurs several times in the vernacular prescription on fol. 17.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 271. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 29. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1295,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295,"Script is a pointed and upright Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is regularly closed; both d and ꝺ are used; r and ꞅ have long descenders; both branches of y curve to the right; the oblique shaft of z thrusts boldly below the line. Entries by several almost contemporary hands in Anglo-Saxon minuscule contain prescriptions, charms, and the oldest Fulda library inventory (foll. 17–18). The runic ᚹ occurs several times in the vernacular prescription on fol. 17.
","Written in a Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon tradition, most likely at Fulda (see Basel MS F III 15 f, CLA 7.848). The name 'RATGARI' (or 'RATGART') written with stylus on the primitive leather cover of the manuscript may refer to the abbot of Fulda (802–817). The Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.7' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 271. ☛R. Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 29.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1295.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1295.jpg 1296,913,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,843,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, presumably on the Continent and probably at Fulda. For later history of the manuscript see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295).",,50.5558,9.6808,"Ps- Isidorus, De Proprietate Sermonum; Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 66982",,"fol. 25v ",,,"Script is graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule, by more than one scribe: **a** has two forms; **g** has the form of a long flat-topped 3; **r** and **ꞅ** go well below the line; both branches of **y** curve to the right. A charm in crude Continental minuscule (saec. IX) fills the entire fol. 31v originally left blank.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 272. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 29",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1296,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1296,"Script is graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule, by more than one scribe: a has two forms; g has the form of a long flat-topped 3; r and ꞅ go well below the line; both branches of y curve to the right. A charm in crude Continental minuscule (saec. IX) fills the entire fol. 31v originally left blank.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, presumably on the Continent and probably at Fulda. For later history of the manuscript see preceding item.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 272. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 29
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1296.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1296.jpg 1297,914,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,7,844,"Written in England and, to judge by the script, in the North. Reached Fulda at an early date. A short list of books belonging to Fulda (saec. X) is entered on the inside of the front cover of the ancient leather binding; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'XXIII or.14’ (saec. XV) stands on the outside. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Ps- Isidorus, De Ordine Creaturarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66983",,"foll. 8 and 16v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015b,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands; the first (foll. 1–8v) is rapid and graceful, and recalls the script of London, Cotton Cleopatra A III* and Egerton 2831 (CLA [2.184](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/499) and [I96b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/513)), presumably Northumbrian: noteworthy are the open **a**, s-shaped **g** in ligature, **r** resembling **n**, **t** with its top extending over following letters, and **z** with the oblique descending sharply below the line; the second hand (foll. 9–19) is more compressed and stiff, and recalls one of the hands (foll. 23v ff.) of Kassel MS Theol. 2° 21: the top of **t** is an upward flourish ending in a hook. Contemporary corrections, some in red. Our volume is probably the 'Liber de creaturarum sancti Esidorum' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA [7.842](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1297,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1297,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands; the first (foll. 1–8v) is rapid and graceful, and recalls the script of London, Cotton Cleopatra A III* and Egerton 2831 (CLA 2.184 and I96b), presumably Northumbrian: noteworthy are the open a, s-shaped g in ligature, r resembling n, t with its top extending over following letters, and z with the oblique descending sharply below the line; the second hand (foll. 9–19) is more compressed and stiff, and recalls one of the hands (foll. 23v ff.) of Kassel MS Theol. 2° 21: the top of t is an upward flourish ending in a hook. Contemporary corrections, some in red. Our volume is probably the 'Liber de creaturarum sancti Esidorum' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA 7.842).
","Written in England and, to judge by the script, in the North. Reached Fulda at an early date. A short list of books belonging to Fulda (saec. X) is entered on the inside of the front cover of the ancient leather binding; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'XXIII or.14’ (saec. XV) stands on the outside. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1297.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1297.jpg 1298,915,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,7,845,"Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.15' (saec. XV) stands on the outside of the ancient leather cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma (2).",Parchment,,,"TM 66984",,"fol. 19v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015c,"Script is a rather gauche compressed mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **a** is almost regularly minuscule; **d** has two forms; **n** and **R** are the rule; **s** is more frequent than **ꞅ**. An Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand wrote over the erased fol. 23v. German glosses scratched in with a stylus in Insular minuscule occur passim. Our volume is probably the 'Sinonima sancti Esidori' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA [7.842](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1298,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1298,"Script is a rather gauche compressed mixed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: a is almost regularly minuscule; d has two forms; n and R are the rule; s is more frequent than ꞅ. An Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand wrote over the erased fol. 23v. German glosses scratched in with a stylus in Insular minuscule occur passim. Our volume is probably the 'Sinonima sancti Esidori' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA 7.842).
","Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.15' (saec. XV) stands on the outside of the ancient leather cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1298.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1298.jpg 1299,916,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,846,"Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or. .15.' (saec. XV) stands on the outside of the ancient leather cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Ps- Basilius, Admonitio ad Filium Spiritualem; Isidorus, De Ecclesiasticis Officiis; Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 66985",,"foll. 28 and 43",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015c,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands: the Continental open **a** is frequent on foll. 38v ff. Runic signs (especially for **o**) are curiously used at the beginning of some sentences (foll. 34v, 43, 43v, 51); 'AMEN' on fol. 50 is also partly in runes. Old High German glosses scratched in with a stylus in Insular minuscule occur passim. Our volume is probably the 'sancti Basillis' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA [7.842](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 275. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 31.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1299,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1299,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands: the Continental open a is frequent on foll. 38v ff. Runic signs (especially for o) are curiously used at the beginning of some sentences (foll. 34v, 43, 43v, 51); 'AMEN' on fol. 50 is also partly in runes. Old High German glosses scratched in with a stylus in Insular minuscule occur passim. Our volume is probably the 'sancti Basillis' mentioned in the oldest Fulda catalogue (see CLA 7.842).
","Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or. .15.' (saec. XV) stands on the outside of the ancient leather cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 275. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 31.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1299.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1299.jpg 1300,917,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,847,"Written apparently in Ireland, to judge from the character of the Insular symptoms. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda pressmark 'VIII or.14' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Marius Victorinus, Ars Grammatica; Isidorus Iunior, De Vitiis et Virtutibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66986",,"fol. 4 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015d,"Script is a very expert, rapid, almost cursive Irish minuscule: **a** is mostly open; **g** resembles flat-topped number 3, it is s-shaped when in ligature; **m** at line-end is sometimes turned sideways; **r** here and there occurs in the majuscule form (**R**); **y** is v-shaped.","☛I. Machielsen, Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), pp. 59–60.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1300,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1300,"Script is a very expert, rapid, almost cursive Irish minuscule: a is mostly open; g resembles flat-topped number 3, it is s-shaped when in ligature; m at line-end is sometimes turned sideways; r here and there occurs in the majuscule form (R); y is v-shaped.
","Written apparently in Ireland, to judge from the character of the Insular symptoms. Belonged to Fulda; the typical Fulda pressmark 'VIII or.14' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
","☛I. Machielsen, Clavis patristica pseudepigraphorum Medii Aevi IIIA (2003), pp. 59–60.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1300.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1300.jpg 1301,918,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,848,"Written doubtless in England, to judge by script and other palaeographical features. Reached Fulda presumably at an early date, as the astronomical notes on foll. 13 and l3v were copied in Basel MS F III 15 a (CLA [7.842](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1295)); the Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII. or. 6’ (saec. XV) is still seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum.",Parchment,,,"TM 66987",,"fol. 7v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015f,"Script is a curious type of Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: minuscule **a** is practically the rule; **d**, **r**, and **s** occur here and there in the majuscule form. Probationes pennae saec. VIII and IX, mostly by Anglo-Saxon hands, are seen on both front and back covers. The binding is thick yellowish leather and must be contemporary.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1301,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1301,"Script is a curious type of Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: minuscule a is practically the rule; d, r, and s occur here and there in the majuscule form. Probationes pennae saec. VIII and IX, mostly by Anglo-Saxon hands, are seen on both front and back covers. The binding is thick yellowish leather and must be contemporary.
","Written doubtless in England, to judge by script and other palaeographical features. Reached Fulda presumably at an early date, as the astronomical notes on foll. 13 and l3v were copied in Basel MS F III 15 a (CLA 7.842); the Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII. or. 6’ (saec. XV) is still seen on the front cover. Acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1301.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1301.jpg 1302,919,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,849,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent. The manuscript opens with the formula: 'In nomine dei uiui’, found elsewhere only in the Irish Orosius, Milan Ambros. D. 23 Sup. (CLA [3.328](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664)), which suggests that the exemplar may have been Irish. Later at Fulda; the Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.8.' (saec. XV) stands on the front cover of the ancient binding. Was acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.",,,,"Isidorus, Differentiae; Gennadius, De Ecclesiasticis Dogmatibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 66988",,"fol. 15 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/ubb/F-III-0015l,"Script begins on fol. 1 with 1½ and on fol. 15 with 2 lines of stately roundish Insular majuscule. Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a very angular type: the down strokes resemble pointed claws; **d** has the compressed uncial form; **r** is short and resembles **n**. Corrections (saec. IX) by a more cursive Anglo-Saxon hand (foll. 16, l6v). The German gloss in Anglo-Saxon letters (saec. VIII) and partly in cipher: 'Ᵹkrkdf', i.e. 'giride', is seen on fol. 14r two lines from the bottom.","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 183f.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1302,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1302,"Script begins on fol. 1 with 1½ and on fol. 15 with 2 lines of stately roundish Insular majuscule. Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a very angular type: the down strokes resemble pointed claws; d has the compressed uncial form; r is short and resembles n. Corrections (saec. IX) by a more cursive Anglo-Saxon hand (foll. 16, l6v). The German gloss in Anglo-Saxon letters (saec. VIII) and partly in cipher: 'Ᵹkrkdf', i.e. 'giride', is seen on fol. 14r two lines from the bottom.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent. The manuscript opens with the formula: 'In nomine dei uiui’, found elsewhere only in the Irish Orosius, Milan Ambros. D. 23 Sup. (CLA 3.328), which suggests that the exemplar may have been Irish. Later at Fulda; the Fulda shelf-mark 'VIII or.8.' (saec. XV) stands on the front cover of the ancient binding. Was acquired by Remigius Faesch (†1667), professor at Basel, ca. 1630.
","☛Bischoff, MAS 1, p. 183f.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1302.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1302.jpg 1303,921,Uncial,VIII,701,800,7,850,"Written probably in England, to judge from the abbreviation for 'quoniam', the type of initials, and the use of vellum. The surviving fragment was used as a fly-leaf.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Psalterium Romanum, Ps 114–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 66989",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a somewhat artificial uncial of a late type, with the strokes often failing to join: the second upright of **N** is distinctly wedge-shaped, the letter occasionally resembling the Insular majuscule form; some ligatures (**en**, **est**, **et**, **us**) at line-ends show the half-uncial forms.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1303,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1303,"Script is a somewhat artificial uncial of a late type, with the strokes often failing to join: the second upright of N is distinctly wedge-shaped, the letter occasionally resembling the Insular majuscule form; some ligatures (en, est, et, us) at line-ends show the half-uncial forms.
","Written probably in England, to judge from the abbreviation for 'quoniam', the type of initials, and the use of vellum. The surviving fragment was used as a fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1303.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1303.jpg 1304,922,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,851,"Written in a German scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence. The leaf was used to strengthen the binding of a book printed at Strasbourg in 1566 and presented to Huldricus Coccius by Adam von Bodenstein (†1577).",,,,"Vita Sancti Apollinaris (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66990",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a gauche Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a considerable admixture of majuscule elements: **a** is mostly open; uncial **ꝺ** is the rule; **R** and **S** are mostly majuscule.","☛Gamber, CLLA 278f .",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1304,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1304,"Script is a gauche Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a considerable admixture of majuscule elements: a is mostly open; uncial ꝺ is the rule; R and S are mostly majuscule.
","Written in a German scriptorium under Anglo-Saxon influence. The leaf was used to strengthen the binding of a book printed at Strasbourg in 1566 and presented to Huldricus Coccius by Adam von Bodenstein (†1577).
","☛Gamber, CLLA 278f .
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1304.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1304.jpg 1305,923,"a-z Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,852,"Written in North-east France, presumably in the Laon region; the immediate exemplar of this manuscript was apparently the half-uncial MS Paris B.N. Lat. 12214 from Corbie (CLA [5.635](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1011)). Dismembered ca. 1600 and used as book covers. The Basel leaves came to the University library in 1880, as a gift from the Basel Staatsarchiv. The Freiburg leaf belonged to Professor Grieshaber.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66991",,"Image from fol. 6v (= p. 12)",,http://dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de/diglit/hs483-12,"Script, by more than one hand, is French pre-Caroline angular minuscule of a distinct type called a-z from its two characteristic letters: **u** after **q** forms a ligature with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; **i**-longa here and there initially; **ti** ligature is used for the hard sound of ti; numerous other ligatures. (For a similar manuscript see CLA [5.630](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1006)). Corrections by contemporary and ninth-century hands.",,,,,10,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1305,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1305,"Script, by more than one hand, is French pre-Caroline angular minuscule of a distinct type called a-z from its two characteristic letters: u after q forms a ligature with the following vowel and is crook-shaped; i-longa here and there initially; ti ligature is used for the hard sound of ti; numerous other ligatures. (For a similar manuscript see CLA 5.630). Corrections by contemporary and ninth-century hands.
","Written in North-east France, presumably in the Laon region; the immediate exemplar of this manuscript was apparently the half-uncial MS Paris B.N. Lat. 12214 from Corbie (CLA 5.635). Dismembered ca. 1600 and used as book covers. The Basel leaves came to the University library in 1880, as a gift from the Basel Staatsarchiv. The Freiburg leaf belonged to Professor Grieshaber.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1305.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1305.jpg 1306,924,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,853,"Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, possibly at Fulda with which its later history is connected. The text of Sedulius in this manuscript is in the Irish tradition. Came into the possession of Remigius Faesch, professor at Basel (†1667).",,,,"Sulpicius Severus, Epistulae (3, fragm.), etc.; Sedulius, Carmen Paschale.",Parchment,,,"TM 66992",,"fol. 28 ",,,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type used in some German centres with Anglo-Saxon traditions: **a** and **d** have two forms; **Ᵹ** has a characteristic form with a protruding, pointed chest; the **ae** ligature resembles ce; the bows of **b** and **ꝺ** occasionally touch a following bow (as in the later Middle Ages). Corrections by an eleventh-century hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 328.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1306,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1306,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type used in some German centres with Anglo-Saxon traditions: a and d have two forms; Ᵹ has a characteristic form with a protruding, pointed chest; the ae ligature resembles ce; the bows of b and ꝺ occasionally touch a following bow (as in the later Middle Ages). Corrections by an eleventh-century hand.
","Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, possibly at Fulda with which its later history is connected. The text of Sedulius in this manuscript is in the Irish tradition. Came into the possession of Remigius Faesch, professor at Basel (†1667).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 328.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1306.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1306.jpg 1307,925,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,854,"Written in France, and apparently at Tours to judge by the script.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (15.1.28–39).",Parchment,,,"TM 66993",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is roundish, comely Caroline minuscule recalling the early stage of the type developed at Tours: open **a** is far more frequent than **a**; ligatures with **g** and **r** occur. Corrections by a contemporary hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 511.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1307,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1307,"Script is roundish, comely Caroline minuscule recalling the early stage of the type developed at Tours: open a is far more frequent than a; ligatures with g and r occur. Corrections by a contemporary hand.
","Written in France, and apparently at Tours to judge by the script.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 511.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1307.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1307.jpg 1308,926,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,7,855,"Written probably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script, abbreviation-stroke, and correction. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in a ninth-century manuscript of Isidore, Bern 224, which was at Strasbourg as early as the tenth century and later was in the collection of Jacob Bongars, whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern. It is worth noting that fragments of another Luxeuil manuscript containing the same text, Paris Lat. 9377 (see CLA 6, p. xvii), also came from Alsace.",,47.8168,6.3811,"Augustinus, De Genesi ad Litteram (1.5, 7–8, 17–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 66994",,"fol. 1v ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b9066120x,"Script is bold and stately uncial of a type recalling the Missale Gothicum and the papyrus St Augustine (CLA [1.106](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/119); [5.614](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/989)), with some differences in individual letters: the forms of **A** and **ꝺ** are especially noteworthy; the lower bow of **B** is squashed and broad; the eye of **E** is open and recalls the Greek form; **LL** normally run together; the second upright of **N** is generally wedge-shaped; the bow of **R** is ample; the base of **T** has a hair-line to the right and its cross-stroke is looped to the left; shafts are long, with ascenders having the wedge-shaped serifs found in Luxeuil uncial; half-uncial long **r** and **ꞅ** occur at line-end. A correction in early minuscule of the Luxeuil type.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 2. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: one scribe, apparently from the same MS as CLA [S.1745](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2050); foll. 1–2 in minuscule.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1308,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1308,"Script is bold and stately uncial of a type recalling the Missale Gothicum and the papyrus St Augustine (CLA 1.106; 5.614), with some differences in individual letters: the forms of A and ꝺ are especially noteworthy; the lower bow of B is squashed and broad; the eye of E is open and recalls the Greek form; LL normally run together; the second upright of N is generally wedge-shaped; the bow of R is ample; the base of T has a hair-line to the right and its cross-stroke is looped to the left; shafts are long, with ascenders having the wedge-shaped serifs found in Luxeuil uncial; half-uncial long r and ꞅ occur at line-end. A correction in early minuscule of the Luxeuil type.
","Written probably at Luxeuil, to judge by the script, abbreviation-stroke, and correction. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in a ninth-century manuscript of Isidore, Bern 224, which was at Strasbourg as early as the tenth century and later was in the collection of Jacob Bongars, whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern. It is worth noting that fragments of another Luxeuil manuscript containing the same text, Paris Lat. 9377 (see CLA 6, p. xvii), also came from Alsace.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 2. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: one scribe, apparently from the same MS as CLA S.1745; foll. 1–2 in minuscule.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1308.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1308.jpg 1309,927,"Visigothic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,856,"Written in Spain or possibly Southern France.",,,,"Glossarium 'Abstrusa' (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66995",,"Image shows the entire of fol. 2v ",,,"Script is Visigothic minuscule: **ꝺ** has the uncial form throughout; **a** curiously enough is regularly uncial in the abbreviation of aut; ligatures with **e** are numerous, with the **ge** ligature being noteworthy.","☛Alturo Perucho J. Faventia 14 (1992), p. 43–52. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 35](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/055_tav035b.pdf).",,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1309,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1309,"Script is Visigothic minuscule: ꝺ has the uncial form throughout; a curiously enough is regularly uncial in the abbreviation of aut; ligatures with e are numerous, with the ge ligature being noteworthy.
","Written in Spain or possibly Southern France.
","☛Alturo Perucho J. Faventia 14 (1992), p. 43–52. ☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1309.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1309.jpg 1310,928,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,857,"Written in France, probably in the Loire region.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum (33–36, 37–38).",Parchment,,,"TM 66996",,"Image shows the entire of fol. 2v ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of French type: **a** formed like contiguous oc is the rule, Caroline **a** is the exception; **d** has two forms; a number of ligatures are used, among them **ct** and the analogous **at**, **ri** and **st**.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1310,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1310,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of French type: a formed like contiguous oc is the rule, Caroline a is the exception; d has two forms; a number of ligatures are used, among them ct and the analogous at, ri and st.
","Written in France, probably in the Loire region.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1310.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1310.jpg 1311,929,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,7,858,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Belonged to Fleury at an early date, as is attested by the eighth/ninth century ex-libris ('monasterioScript is a bold, stately uncial: the bow of A is made with a fine hair-line and is blade-like as in some North Italian codices (CLA 3.332, 335); the lower bow of B swings below the line; the hastas of E and F are wedge-shaped; the second upright of N is spike-like; the bow of P sags; the finials of S bifurcate; ligatures of NS and NC occur at line-end. Corrections are in small uncial.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Belonged to Fleury at an early date, as is attested by the eighth/ninth century ex-libris ('monasterio
☛Mostert, Fleury BF79.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1311.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1311.jpg 1312,930,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,859,"Written in France, presumably in the East and manifestly under Luxeuil influence. The manuscript of Gregory in which our folios serve as fly-leaves must be of Rheims origin to judge by the script: an old probatio pennae 'remigius' seen on fol. 78v goes to confirm that origin. Like some other manuscripts in the collection of Jacob Bongars (†1612), it presumably came from a medieval Rheims library. Bongars' heir, Jacques Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Io 11.16–12.42).",Parchment,,,"TM 66998",,"fol. 2v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0199,"Script is a curious, stiff, and awkward Merovingian minuscule imitating the Luxeuil type and recalling somewhat the Laon a-z type: **a** has the oc form, sometimes closed at the top; the eye of **e** is open; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** is looped; sickle-shaped **u** occurs on the line as in Merovingian charters; frequent ligatures with **t**: **te**, **tu**, and **ti** ligature which is regularly used for hard **ti**, as in some Laon a-z manuscripts; **fi** and **ri** also occur.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1312,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1312,"Script is a curious, stiff, and awkward Merovingian minuscule imitating the Luxeuil type and recalling somewhat the Laon a-z type: a has the oc form, sometimes closed at the top; the eye of e is open; the cross-stroke of ꞇ is looped; sickle-shaped u occurs on the line as in Merovingian charters; frequent ligatures with t: te, tu, and ti ligature which is regularly used for hard ti, as in some Laon a-z manuscripts; fi and ri also occur.
","Written in France, presumably in the East and manifestly under Luxeuil influence. The manuscript of Gregory in which our folios serve as fly-leaves must be of Rheims origin to judge by the script: an old probatio pennae 'remigius' seen on fol. 78v goes to confirm that origin. Like some other manuscripts in the collection of Jacob Bongars (†1612), it presumably came from a medieval Rheims library. Bongars' heir, Jacques Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1312.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1312.jpg 1313,932,Uncial,"VII ex (699)",699,699,7,860,"Written in a French centre with Insular connections, possibly by Pallagius himself, whose letter-square we reproduce; the date is fixed as the fifth year of King Childebert while Pepin was major domo. Was already at Fleury in the eleventh century: the ex-libris ‘hic est liber s . . . abb floriacensis' stands on fol. 11. Belonged to Petrus Daniel, and then to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.",,,,"Eusebius-Hieronymus, Chronicon.",Parchment,,,"TM 66999",,"foll. 3v, 1, and 76v",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0219,"Script is an easy, natural, rather broad uncial of a late type: the lower bow of **B** protrudes markedly; **LL** run together; half-uncial **a**, long **r**, and **ꞅ** occur at line-end. Noteworthy is the form of the capitals used in the text and particularly in the inscription on fol. 1 (see CLA [5.617](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/992)), in which the stem of certain letters extends beyond the junction with its bow (**B**, **D**, **P**, **R**) or its horizontal (**L**); the serif forms betray the influence of inscriptions. The letter-square on fol. 76v discloses the name 'pallagius'; it is by the same hand as the rest of the manuscript though in a different script, a half-uncial manifestly modelled on early Insular; another letter-square, containing the name 'Rainfredus' in Rustic capitals saec. IX or X, is seen on the same page. Various probationes pennae saec. IX and X on fol. 77.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF117. ☛CLA date (VII ex (ante 699–700)) changed to agree with inscription fol. 1r: In annum V. Childeberti regis Francorum Pippino iubente ab Adam sunt anni V milia DCCCC. Fuit pasca X. Kal. Aprilis, ascensio Domini fuit Kal. Madias. Per cyclum numerum annorum CXL, repeticio a capite cychli.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1313,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1313,"Script is an easy, natural, rather broad uncial of a late type: the lower bow of B protrudes markedly; LL run together; half-uncial a, long r, and ꞅ occur at line-end. Noteworthy is the form of the capitals used in the text and particularly in the inscription on fol. 1 (see CLA 5.617), in which the stem of certain letters extends beyond the junction with its bow (B, D, P, R) or its horizontal (L); the serif forms betray the influence of inscriptions. The letter-square on fol. 76v discloses the name 'pallagius'; it is by the same hand as the rest of the manuscript though in a different script, a half-uncial manifestly modelled on early Insular; another letter-square, containing the name 'Rainfredus' in Rustic capitals saec. IX or X, is seen on the same page. Various probationes pennae saec. IX and X on fol. 77.
","Written in a French centre with Insular connections, possibly by Pallagius himself, whose letter-square we reproduce; the date is fixed as the fifth year of King Childebert while Pepin was major domo. Was already at Fleury in the eleventh century: the ex-libris ‘hic est liber s . . . abb floriacensis' stands on fol. 11. Belonged to Petrus Daniel, and then to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF117. ☛CLA date (VII ex (ante 699–700)) changed to agree with inscription fol. 1r: In annum V. Childeberti regis Francorum Pippino iubente ab Adam sunt anni V milia DCCCC. Fuit pasca X. Kal. Aprilis, ascensio Domini fuit Kal. Madias. Per cyclum numerum annorum CXL, repeticio a capite cychli.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1313.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1313.jpg 1314,934,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,861,"Written no doubt at Metz, as script and local entries show. Was certainly still there during the ninth century.",,49.1193,6.1757,"Chrodegangus, Regula Canonicorum (9–31); Martyrologium Hieronymianum; Isidorus, De Viris Illustribus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67000",,"foll. 18v and 115v",,,"Script is a well-formed Caroline minuscule by many different hands, some manifestly representing an early stage as seen in CLA [6.786](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1199), [788](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1202), [790](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/1204), with others representing a more advanced development. Numerous contemporary and ninth-century additions in the Martyrology refer to feasts and anniversaries of special interest to Metz.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF147—definitely not from Fleury. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 570.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1314,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1314,"Script is a well-formed Caroline minuscule by many different hands, some manifestly representing an early stage as seen in CLA 6.786, 788, 790, with others representing a more advanced development. Numerous contemporary and ninth-century additions in the Martyrology refer to feasts and anniversaries of special interest to Metz.
","Written no doubt at Metz, as script and local entries show. Was certainly still there during the ninth century.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF147—definitely not from Fleury. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 570.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1314.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1314.jpg 1315,935,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VIII¹,701,750,7,862,"Written apparently in France, to judge by the script. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it to the city of Bern in 1632.",,,,"Glossarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67001",,"Image from the original recto",,,"Script shows a mixture of uncial and half-uncial elements with minuscule letters at line-end: **a**, **b**, and **f** are consistently half-uncial; **g** is regularly uncial; ascenders and descenders are unusually long.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1315,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1315,"Script shows a mixture of uncial and half-uncial elements with minuscule letters at line-end: a, b, and f are consistently half-uncial; g is regularly uncial; ascenders and descenders are unusually long.
","Written apparently in France, to judge by the script. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it to the city of Bern in 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1315.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1315.jpg 1316,936,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,863,"Written in a Rhaetian centre of good calligraphic standards. The manuscript is probably to be connected with two fragments in Zürich, Staatsarchiv, Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, fol. 66 (CLA [7.1014](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1285)) and Zentralbibliothek Z XIV 29, fragm. III, since they show the same late twelfth-century librarian's entries (see fol. 68). A sixteenth-century shelf-mark 'K 22' stands on fol. 9.",,,,"Athanasius-Evagrius, Vita Antonii; Hieronymus, Vita Hilarionis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67002",,"fol. 68 ",,,"Script is a fully developed Rhaetian minuscule: open **a** is the rule, Caroline **a** the exception; the **nt** ligature occurs only at line-end; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti. The table of contents for the Vita S Hilarionis is by a late twelfth-century hand (foll. 68v, 77v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1, no. 588.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1316,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1316,"Script is a fully developed Rhaetian minuscule: open a is the rule, Caroline a the exception; the nt ligature occurs only at line-end; ti ligature is used for hard ti. The table of contents for the Vita S Hilarionis is by a late twelfth-century hand (foll. 68v, 77v).
","Written in a Rhaetian centre of good calligraphic standards. The manuscript is probably to be connected with two fragments in Zürich, Staatsarchiv, Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, fol. 66 (CLA 7.1014) and Zentralbibliothek Z XIV 29, fragm. III, since they show the same late twelfth-century librarian's entries (see fol. 68). A sixteenth-century shelf-mark 'K 22' stands on fol. 9.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1, no. 588.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1316.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1316.jpg 1317,937,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,7,864,"Origin uncertain: probably Italy or Southern France. Provenance Murbach (yet not mentioned in the ninth-century catalogue), as attested by the familiar hand of Abbot Bartholomeus de Andolo (saec. XV med.) seen on fol. 2 and in corrections passim. To patch the volume strips were used from our very manuscript (fol. 90) as well as from a manuscript in a-z script (foll. 2, 3, 8, and 9) described in CLA [6.752](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1160). Was bought by Pierre Pithou (his note stands on fol. 2) in 1568 (or 1563) at Basel, where he also acquired the Eucherius MS Paris Lat. 2769 + 4808 (CLA [5.550](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/910)), which may also come from Murbach. Later owned by Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.",2,,,"Cledonius, Ars Grammatica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67003",,"foll. 106v and 70v",,,"Script is uncial not of the oldest type; half-uncial **d** is used in an abbreviated formula on fol. 77. Some small corrections occur in seventh century half-uncial. A note by a South German hand saec. IX in. stands on fol. 72v.","☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 136, 164–72. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 588a",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1317,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1317,"Script is uncial not of the oldest type; half-uncial d is used in an abbreviated formula on fol. 77. Some small corrections occur in seventh century half-uncial. A note by a South German hand saec. IX in. stands on fol. 72v.
","Origin uncertain: probably Italy or Southern France. Provenance Murbach (yet not mentioned in the ninth-century catalogue), as attested by the familiar hand of Abbot Bartholomeus de Andolo (saec. XV med.) seen on fol. 2 and in corrections passim. To patch the volume strips were used from our very manuscript (fol. 90) as well as from a manuscript in a-z script (foll. 2, 3, 8, and 9) described in CLA 6.752. Was bought by Pierre Pithou (his note stands on fol. 2) in 1568 (or 1563) at Basel, where he also acquired the Eucherius MS Paris Lat. 2769 + 4808 (CLA 5.550), which may also come from Murbach. Later owned by Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, donated it in 1632 to the city of Bern.
","☛M. De Nonno, Manuscripts and Tradition of Grammatical Texts from Antiquity to the Renaissance, Cassino 2000, pp. 136, 164–72. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 588a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1317.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1317.jpg 1318,938,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,865,"Written presumably in France, and probably in the North. According to a late eighteenth-century entry on the back of the cover, the volume comes from the Strasbourg cathedral, whence came many other volumes in the Bongars collection. Donated in 1632 to the city of Bern by J. Gravisset, Bongars' heir.",,,,"Gesta Regum Francorum; Calendarii fragmentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67004",,"foll. 1 and 15 ",,,"Script is a careful and regular, well-developed Caroline minuscule: two forms of **a**, with open **a** predominating; **g** regularly has the Insular form. Script is erased on the lower half of fol. 132 and on fol. 132v. Additions to the chronological matter on foll. 133 ff. were made in French minuscule and Notae Tironianae, saec. IX.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF220. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 608. ☛Hagen (1874) [catalogue entry](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5490664f/f553.item).",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1318,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1318,"Script is a careful and regular, well-developed Caroline minuscule: two forms of a, with open a predominating; g regularly has the Insular form. Script is erased on the lower half of fol. 132 and on fol. 132v. Additions to the chronological matter on foll. 133 ff. were made in French minuscule and Notae Tironianae, saec. IX.
","Written presumably in France, and probably in the North. According to a late eighteenth-century entry on the back of the cover, the volume comes from the Strasbourg cathedral, whence came many other volumes in the Bongars collection. Donated in 1632 to the city of Bern by J. Gravisset, Bongars' heir.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF220. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 608. ☛Hagen (1874) catalogue entry.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1318.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1318.jpg 1319,944,Uncial,VII,601,700,7,866,"Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting in the eighth century. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA [**604a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1264).",3,,,"Acta S Sebastiani.",Parchment,,,"TM 67009",,"foll. 120v and 140",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is a broad, rather clumsy uncial of a late type, to be compared with that of Karlsruhe, Fragm. Aug. 143: the eye of **E** is large and closed; the bow of **R** does not touch the stem; the top of **T** is yoke-like.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1319,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1319,"Script is a broad, rather clumsy uncial of a late type, to be compared with that of Karlsruhe, Fragm. Aug. 143: the eye of E is large and closed; the bow of R does not touch the stem; the top of T is yoke-like.
","Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting in the eighth century. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA **604a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1319.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1319.jpg 1320,945,Uncial,V²,451,500,7,867,"Origin uncertain, but most likely Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA [**604a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/1264).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mc 1.2–23, 2.22–27, 3.11–18).",Parchment,"Fragmentum Bernense. (t)",,"TM 67010",,"fol. 144v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/bbb/0611,"Script is a rather compressed uncial of an old type: the bow of **A** is pointed; **B** is tall; the eye of **E** is open; the bows of **P** and **q** are small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1320,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1320,"Script is a rather compressed uncial of an old type: the bow of A is pointed; B is tall; the eye of E is open; the bows of P and q are small.
","Origin uncertain, but most likely Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century. For the later history of the manuscript see CLA **604a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1320.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1320.jpg 1321,947,Half-Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,7,868,"Written apparently in France and probably in the North, to judge by the script. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, bequeathed it in 1632 to the city of Bern.",,,,"Victorii Cursus Paschalis; Notitia Provinciarum; Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67012",,"Image shows the entire fol. 49v ",,,"Script is a debased half-uncial verging on minuscule: **b**, **d**, **h**, **l** have long shafts with horizontal serifs; **i**-longa occurs; the shoulder of **r** often extends over the following letter; uncial **A**, **G**, and **S** are used here and there; the script has more cursive features in parts of the Notitia provinciarum and the Tractatus ordinis paschalis; some numerals also have distinctly cursive forms.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1321,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1321,"Script is a debased half-uncial verging on minuscule: b, d, h, l have long shafts with horizontal serifs; i-longa occurs; the shoulder of r often extends over the following letter; uncial A, G, and S are used here and there; the script has more cursive features in parts of the Notitia provinciarum and the Tractatus ordinis paschalis; some numerals also have distinctly cursive forms.
","Written apparently in France and probably in the North, to judge by the script. Belonged to Jacob Bongars (†1612), whose heir, J. Gravisset, bequeathed it in 1632 to the city of Bern.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1321.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1321.jpg 1322,948,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,869,"Written presumably in a Continental scriptorium with Irish connections. The fragment served as back fly-leaf of Bern MS 47 (Augustinus, saec. XI, of South German or Swiss origin), which may have once belonged to the Strasbourg cathedral, as did many other books acquired by Bongars: the ex-libris 'liber sanctae marie' saec. XII and XIII stand on first and last pages.",,,,"Commentarius in Leviticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67013",,"Image from the recto and verso still having two columns",,,"Script is a rapid almost cursive Irish minuscule: **g** has the form of a flat-topped numeral 3; **i**-longa occurs frequently; **u** is often a suprascript flourish; ligatures are numerous especially with **e** and **t**, also **ri**, **si** (like Italian **fi**), and occasionally **st**; subscript **a** and **i** occur.","☛Script (Anglo-Saxon Minuscule) and origin (a Continental scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections) changed to follow [S.1741](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2046), identified as the same hand. For the contents (not Josephus), see Bischoff, MAS 3 p. 35.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1322,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1322,"Script is a rapid almost cursive Irish minuscule: g has the form of a flat-topped numeral 3; i-longa occurs frequently; u is often a suprascript flourish; ligatures are numerous especially with e and t, also ri, si (like Italian fi), and occasionally st; subscript a and i occur.
","Written presumably in a Continental scriptorium with Irish connections. The fragment served as back fly-leaf of Bern MS 47 (Augustinus, saec. XI, of South German or Swiss origin), which may have once belonged to the Strasbourg cathedral, as did many other books acquired by Bongars: the ex-libris 'liber sanctae marie' saec. XII and XIII stand on first and last pages.
","☛Script (Anglo-Saxon Minuscule) and origin (a Continental scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections) changed to follow S.1741, identified as the same hand. For the contents (not Josephus), see Bischoff, MAS 3 p. 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1322.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1322.jpg 1323,949,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,870,"Written presumably in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland. Later used to cover a binding.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (1.8.3–4, 15–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67014",,"Image from the verso of fol. 2 and the recto of fol. 1",,,"Script is an early well-formed minuscule with some faint resemblance to Rhaetian: two forms of **a** are used; here and there **d** has the uncial form; **g** is top-heavy; **z** has the Germanic form; the **or** ligature occurs in mid-word. Corrections saec. XI–XII.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1021.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1323,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1323,"Script is an early well-formed minuscule with some faint resemblance to Rhaetian: two forms of a are used; here and there d has the uncial form; g is top-heavy; z has the Germanic form; the or ligature occurs in mid-word. Corrections saec. XI–XII.
","Written presumably in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland. Later used to cover a binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1021.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1323.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1323.jpg 1324,950,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,871,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by script and abbreviations.",,,,"Adelpertus, Commentarius in Psalmos (1–70); Verba Seniorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67015",,"pp. 173 and 311",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0018,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the main scribe uses a roundish easy hand with a distinct slope to the right: **a** is more frequent than open **a**; **ꝺ** is far more frequent than **d**; **g** is 3-shaped and short; **u** is often suprascript and cup-shaped; **y** is short and dotted; the **ri** ligature is very frequent; the second scribe, whose script looks Italian, uses two forms of **a**, **d**, and **g**; **i**-longa is used by both hands initially. A contemporary hand added a chrismon here and there in the margin.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1097. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 110.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1324,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1324,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the main scribe uses a roundish easy hand with a distinct slope to the right: a is more frequent than open a; ꝺ is far more frequent than d; g is 3-shaped and short; u is often suprascript and cup-shaped; y is short and dotted; the ri ligature is very frequent; the second scribe, whose script looks Italian, uses two forms of a, d, and g; i-longa is used by both hands initially. A contemporary hand added a chrismon here and there in the margin.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by script and abbreviations.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1097. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 110.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1324.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1324.jpg 1325,951,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,7,872,"Origin uncertain, but most likely some Swiss centre.",2,,,"Ascetica Varia: De Oratione Dominica; Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67016",,"foll. 11v, 22, and 23",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0027,"Script is a transition minuscule clearly betraying Merovingian and Insular influences: many letters have a knob-like fore-stroke; the shafts of **b** and **l** break near the foot as in some Merovingian types; the hand on foll. 21–22 is very crude, that on fol. 22v is more calligraphic and has Rhaetian features; foll. 23–24v, originally left blank, contain the hymn 'Almus altus agnus', entered soon after by an inexpert Insular scribe or by a hand imitating Insular script. Probationes pennae saec. XI on fol. 1, otherwise blank.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1098.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1325,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1325,"Script is a transition minuscule clearly betraying Merovingian and Insular influences: many letters have a knob-like fore-stroke; the shafts of b and l break near the foot as in some Merovingian types; the hand on foll. 21–22 is very crude, that on fol. 22v is more calligraphic and has Rhaetian features; foll. 23–24v, originally left blank, contain the hymn 'Almus altus agnus', entered soon after by an inexpert Insular scribe or by a hand imitating Insular script. Probationes pennae saec. XI on fol. 1, otherwise blank.
","Origin uncertain, but most likely some Swiss centre.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1098.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1325.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1325.jpg 1326,952,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,873,"Written apparently in some Swiss scriptorium, to judge by the script. Was already at Einsiedeln by the fourteenth century, as may be seen from the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins (e.g. on p. 216) in the hand of the Einsiedeln librarian Heinrich von Ligerz.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67017",,"pp. 246 and 206",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0157,"Script is a good, rather compact roundish variety of the Rhaetian type, recalling in some respects parts of Zürich, Rh. 92 (CLA [7.1020](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1291)): open **a** far more frequent than minuscule **a**; the top stroke of **h** often bends to the left; **r** often goes below the line; the cross-stroke of **ꞇ** is often looped to the left; the tall, German form of **z** occurs; noteworthy are the ligatures **mi**, **ni**, **nt** (often in mid-word), **te**, **ti** (for hard and soft ti), and **tu**. Uncial is used for no special reason on the entire p. 214 and on p. 204 lines 1–11, 206 lines 1–13 . The original text breaks off on p. 290 and is continued by a tenth-century hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1109.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1326,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1326,"Script is a good, rather compact roundish variety of the Rhaetian type, recalling in some respects parts of Zürich, Rh. 92 (CLA 7.1020): open a far more frequent than minuscule a; the top stroke of h often bends to the left; r often goes below the line; the cross-stroke of ꞇ is often looped to the left; the tall, German form of z occurs; noteworthy are the ligatures mi, ni, nt (often in mid-word), te, ti (for hard and soft ti), and tu. Uncial is used for no special reason on the entire p. 214 and on p. 204 lines 1–11, 206 lines 1–13 . The original text breaks off on p. 290 and is continued by a tenth-century hand.
","Written apparently in some Swiss scriptorium, to judge by the script. Was already at Einsiedeln by the fourteenth century, as may be seen from the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins (e.g. on p. 216) in the hand of the Einsiedeln librarian Heinrich von Ligerz.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1109.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1326.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1326.jpg 1327,953,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,874,"Written presumably in Northern France in the centre which produced Arras 644 (CLA [6.713](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1112)) containing the same collection of canons: the two manuscripts agree in size, colour of decoration and other palaeographical features including the peculiar form of **z**. The volume belonged to the Cathedral of Constance by the eleventh century, as is proved by the marginal entries of that time, among them being several in the hand of the well-known writer Bernold of Constance. Belonged to Jacob Johann Mirgel, suffragan bishop of Constance (†1629). Earlier the volume probably belonged to Joannes Fabri, vicar general of Constance and later bishop of Vienna (†1541), many of whose books were acquired by Bishop Mirgel.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Quesnelliana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67018",,"fol. 37v ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0191,"Script is mainly an excellent Caroline minuscule: **a** is the rule, open **a** rare; noteworthy is the form of **z** with its stem barred horizontally and descending below the line; the **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. An entry and correction by an Irish hand is seen on fol. 8v; another by a seemingly Anglo-Saxon hand occurs on fol. 37v with other slight corrections by this same hand on foll. 10v, 33, and 38. Various hands saec. IX are seen on foll. 1–5 and 229v ff. Marginal notes saec. XI–XII passim. The list of popes at the beginning of the manuscript cannot be used for dating.","☛Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 159. ☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1116.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1327,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1327,"Script is mainly an excellent Caroline minuscule: a is the rule, open a rare; noteworthy is the form of z with its stem barred horizontally and descending below the line; the ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. An entry and correction by an Irish hand is seen on fol. 8v; another by a seemingly Anglo-Saxon hand occurs on fol. 37v with other slight corrections by this same hand on foll. 10v, 33, and 38. Various hands saec. IX are seen on foll. 1–5 and 229v ff. Marginal notes saec. XI–XII passim. The list of popes at the beginning of the manuscript cannot be used for dating.
","Written presumably in Northern France in the centre which produced Arras 644 (CLA 6.713) containing the same collection of canons: the two manuscripts agree in size, colour of decoration and other palaeographical features including the peculiar form of z. The volume belonged to the Cathedral of Constance by the eleventh century, as is proved by the marginal entries of that time, among them being several in the hand of the well-known writer Bernold of Constance. Belonged to Jacob Johann Mirgel, suffragan bishop of Constance (†1629). Earlier the volume probably belonged to Joannes Fabri, vicar general of Constance and later bishop of Vienna (†1541), many of whose books were acquired by Bishop Mirgel.
","☛Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3, p. 159. ☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1116.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1327.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1327.jpg 1329,954,"Rhaetian Minuscule and Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,875,"Written no doubt in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script. The manuscript, which is now divided into two volumes, was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by the Einsiedeln monk and librarian, Heinrich von Ligerz.",,,,"Ascetica; Homiliae; Scarapsus Pirminii; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67019",,"Image from p. 124 of MS. 281 and p. 444 of MS. 199",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0199,"Script represents early varieties of Rhaetian and Alemannic minuscule, the hands with slim, longish letters are closest to the familiar Rhaetian type, the hands with broad round letters are more akin to the script used around Lake Constance: a curious sickle-shaped form of **a** which is joined to the preceding letter **i** occurs in MS 281 on p. 113, a form found only in some Rhaetian and South German manuscripts; uncial **ꝺ** and **𐌾** occur; ligatures are numerous: **hi**, **mi**, **nꞇ** in mid-word, **ri**, **ti** for hard and soft ti. An interlinear translation of a few lines of text in a Rhaeto-romanic dialect is seen on p. 452 of MS 199, probably an eleventh-century addition.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1118.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1329,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1329,"Script represents early varieties of Rhaetian and Alemannic minuscule, the hands with slim, longish letters are closest to the familiar Rhaetian type, the hands with broad round letters are more akin to the script used around Lake Constance: a curious sickle-shaped form of a which is joined to the preceding letter i occurs in MS 281 on p. 113, a form found only in some Rhaetian and South German manuscripts; uncial ꝺ and 𐌾 occur; ligatures are numerous: hi, mi, nꞇ in mid-word, ri, ti for hard and soft ti. An interlinear translation of a few lines of text in a Rhaeto-romanic dialect is seen on p. 452 of MS 199, probably an eleventh-century addition.
","Written no doubt in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script. The manuscript, which is now divided into two volumes, was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by the Einsiedeln monk and librarian, Heinrich von Ligerz.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1118.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1329.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1329.jpg 1330,955,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,876,"Written in the same important Rhaetian centre, presumably at Chur, which produced the Sacramentary St Gall 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)) in which Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is commemorated. The manuscript was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the librarian at Einsiedeln from 1324–1360 (see p. 144, 150, etc.).",,46.8508,9.532,"Galenus, Ad Glauconem de Medendi Methodo; Pelagonius Saloninus, Ars Veterinaria.",Parchment,,,"TM 67020",,"pp. 70 and 209 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0304,"Script is by several Rhaetian hands using the type seen in the fine Sacramentary St Gall 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)): broken-backed **c** occurs; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left and is sometimes curved; ligatures include **ar**, **mi**, **nt**, and **ti** (for hard ti); a more compressed script akin to charter hand is seen on p. 209 and 210. Unfamiliar words found in the text were entered and explained on p. 1 and 2, saec. IX in.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1129.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1330,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1330,"Script is by several Rhaetian hands using the type seen in the fine Sacramentary St Gall 348 (CLA 7.936): broken-backed c occurs; the shaft of h often leans to the left and is sometimes curved; ligatures include ar, mi, nt, and ti (for hard ti); a more compressed script akin to charter hand is seen on p. 209 and 210. Unfamiliar words found in the text were entered and explained on p. 1 and 2, saec. IX in.
","Written in the same important Rhaetian centre, presumably at Chur, which produced the Sacramentary St Gall 348 (CLA 7.936) in which Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is commemorated. The manuscript was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the librarian at Einsiedeln from 1324–1360 (see p. 144, 150, etc.).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1129.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1330.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1330.jpg 1331,956,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,877,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in Switzerland, in the centre that produced St Gall MS 908 (CLA [7.953](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415)), famous for its palimpsests, and in part supposedly by Amprosius whose signature in capitals in the form of a cross is seen on p. 142. Was already at Einsiedeln by the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the Einsiedeln librarian from 1324–1360.",,,,"Isidorus, Prooemia, De Ortu et Obitu Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67021",,"pp. 222, 173, and 193",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0339,"Script of the main hand is early minuscule with some cursive adhesions, perhaps identical with the upper script of St Gall 908 (CLA [7.953](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415)): uncial **𐌾** is used here and there; the shaft of **h** occasionally bends to the left; the hands of p. 170–3, and 192–3 are an informal and uncalligraphic minuscule with many cursive elements: noteworthy is the **z** with its oblique shaft tagged to the right, as in some early Tours manuscripts; ligatures are numerous, **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A contemporary hand entered the beginning of the Athanasian Creed in uncial on p. 139–40. Liturgical entries in crude minuscule, saec. IX in., are seen on p. 141 and 318.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1135",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1331,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1331,"Script of the main hand is early minuscule with some cursive adhesions, perhaps identical with the upper script of St Gall 908 (CLA 7.953): uncial 𐌾 is used here and there; the shaft of h occasionally bends to the left; the hands of p. 170–3, and 192–3 are an informal and uncalligraphic minuscule with many cursive elements: noteworthy is the z with its oblique shaft tagged to the right, as in some early Tours manuscripts; ligatures are numerous, ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A contemporary hand entered the beginning of the Athanasian Creed in uncial on p. 139–40. Liturgical entries in crude minuscule, saec. IX in., are seen on p. 141 and 318.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in Switzerland, in the centre that produced St Gall MS 908 (CLA 7.953), famous for its palimpsests, and in part supposedly by Amprosius whose signature in capitals in the form of a cross is seen on p. 142. Was already at Einsiedeln by the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the Einsiedeln librarian from 1324–1360.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1135
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1331.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1331.jpg 1332,957,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,878,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably the one that produced Einsiedeln 199 + 281 (CLA [7.875](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1329)). Was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the Einsiedeln librarian from 1324–1360.",,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67022",,"pp. 92 and 342",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/sbe/0347,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule, by several hands, some recalling the style seen in St Gall 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)), some the type encountered in Einsiedeln 199 + 281 (CLA [7.875](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1329)): the stem of **h** leans to the left and is s-shaped; **y** is dotted and goes below the line; **z** is tall, goes below the line, and its two horizontal strokes are cup-shaped; the barred **z** is seen on p. 406; ligatures include **ni**, **nt** (even in mid-word), **ri**, and **ti** (for hard and soft ti). A few probationes pennae in ninth-century minuscule (p. 393 f.).","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1137.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1332,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1332,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule, by several hands, some recalling the style seen in St Gall 348 (CLA 7.936), some the type encountered in Einsiedeln 199 + 281 (CLA 7.875): the stem of h leans to the left and is s-shaped; y is dotted and goes below the line; z is tall, goes below the line, and its two horizontal strokes are cup-shaped; the barred z is seen on p. 406; ligatures include ni, nt (even in mid-word), ri, and ti (for hard and soft ti). A few probationes pennae in ninth-century minuscule (p. 393 f.).
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, probably the one that produced Einsiedeln 199 + 281 (CLA 7.875). Was already at Einsiedeln in the fourteenth century, as is attested by the familiar 'maniculae' drawn in the margins by Heinrich von Ligerz, the Einsiedeln librarian from 1324–1360.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1137.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1332.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1332.jpg 1333,958,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,879,"Written no doubt in a Swiss scriptorium. The fragment served as a jacket for a small book.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1.7–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67023",,"p. 176 ",,,"Script is an early minuscule with pre-Caroline features: open **a** is more common than minuscule **a**; **d** has two forms; ligatures include **ti** (for soft ti), **tu**, and **ui** formed with a suprascript **u** prolonged to resemble a shallow s; in the uncial the cross-stroke of **N** is low and extends beyond the second upright.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1142. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 136.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1333,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1333,"Script is an early minuscule with pre-Caroline features: open a is more common than minuscule a; d has two forms; ligatures include ti (for soft ti), tu, and ui formed with a suprascript u prolonged to resemble a shallow s; in the uncial the cross-stroke of N is low and extends beyond the second upright.
","Written no doubt in a Swiss scriptorium. The fragment served as a jacket for a small book.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1142. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 136.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1333.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1333.jpg 1334,959,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,880,"Origin Italy and probably Verona, to judge by the script. The fragment was used as the jacket for a book; the seventeenth-century entry 'Monasterii Einsidlensis' stands in the lower margin of the present verso.",,45.4384,10.9916,"Ps- Hieronymus, Expositio Quattuor Evangeliorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67024",,"Image from the present recto",,,"Script is roundish early Caroline minuscule of Verona type: both open **a** and minuscule **a** are used; tall **T** is used at some line ends.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1143.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1334,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1334,"Script is roundish early Caroline minuscule of Verona type: both open a and minuscule a are used; tall T is used at some line ends.
","Origin Italy and probably Verona, to judge by the script. The fragment was used as the jacket for a book; the seventeenth-century entry 'Monasterii Einsidlensis' stands in the lower margin of the present verso.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1143.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1334.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1334.jpg 1335,960,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,881,"Written presumably in Switzerland, possibly in North Italy. The fragment comes from a binding.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67025",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script of foll. 1–2r is a roundish early minuscule somewhat recalling the type found in Schaffhausen Min. 80 (fly-leaves) + Zurich Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, No. XLII, fol. 67 (CLA [7.1003](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1274)): open **a** is more frequent than minuscule **a**; **d** has two forms; **e** rises above the head-line; **i**-longa is used at the beginning of words; the shoulder of **r** extends slightly over the following letter; **t** has two forms. The original hand breaks off in the middle of a sentence on fol. 2r; a tenth-century hand continued the text.","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1144.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1335,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1335,"Script of foll. 1–2r is a roundish early minuscule somewhat recalling the type found in Schaffhausen Min. 80 (fly-leaves) + Zurich Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, No. XLII, fol. 67 (CLA 7.1003): open a is more frequent than minuscule a; d has two forms; e rises above the head-line; i-longa is used at the beginning of words; the shoulder of r extends slightly over the following letter; t has two forms. The original hand breaks off in the middle of a sentence on fol. 2r; a tenth-century hand continued the text.
","Written presumably in Switzerland, possibly in North Italy. The fragment comes from a binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog no. 1144.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1335.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1335.jpg 1336,961,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,882,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Later used for book-binding.",,,,"Flavius Iosephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae (9, 10.1-3, 12.3–13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67026",,"fol. 9 ",,,"Script is of the Rhaetian type: **a** has mostly the open form, but the small uncial form with pendant bow is not infrequent; **c** at the beginning of words is often tall and broken-backed; uncial **ꝺ** occurs here and there; the top of **ꞇ** as a rule curves down to the left; **y** is short and dotted; ligatures include **m** with subscript **i**, and **nt** in mid-word.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1153.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1336,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1336,"Script is of the Rhaetian type: a has mostly the open form, but the small uncial form with pendant bow is not infrequent; c at the beginning of words is often tall and broken-backed; uncial ꝺ occurs here and there; the top of ꞇ as a rule curves down to the left; y is short and dotted; ligatures include m with subscript i, and nt in mid-word.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Later used for book-binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1153.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1336.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1336.jpg 1337,962,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,7,883,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script. Used for book-binding purposes apparently in the late fifteenth century. The Karlsruhe fragments strengthened the binding of an incunabulum (Robert Holcot, Super librum Sapientiae, Basel, 1489) from Ettenheim-Münster in the Black Forest. P. Benedict Gottwald acquired a number of printed volumes for Engelberg in 1879 at Offenburg, which is close to Ettenheim-Münster (teste P. Wolfgang Hafner, librarian at Engelberg).",3,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium S Iohannis (75–80, 110, 111, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67027",,"Image from the verso of the more complete Engelberg folio ",,,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial: the bow of **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the two arcs of **M** are often nearly closed; the first upright of **N** descends slightly below the line; the right upper branch of **X** is unusually long and has a forked finial; similar finials are seen on the hasta of **F** and other short horizontals.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1337,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1337,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial: the bow of A is pointed; the lower bow of B protrudes; the two arcs of M are often nearly closed; the first upright of N descends slightly below the line; the right upper branch of X is unusually long and has a forked finial; similar finials are seen on the hasta of F and other short horizontals.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script. Used for book-binding purposes apparently in the late fifteenth century. The Karlsruhe fragments strengthened the binding of an incunabulum (Robert Holcot, Super librum Sapientiae, Basel, 1489) from Ettenheim-Münster in the Black Forest. P. Benedict Gottwald acquired a number of printed volumes for Engelberg in 1879 at Offenburg, which is close to Ettenheim-Münster (teste P. Wolfgang Hafner, librarian at Engelberg).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1337.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1337.jpg 1338,963,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,884,"Origin uncertain, presumably Switzerland and possibly the centre that produced St Gall MS 1399 a. 3, with which our manuscript agrees in size and various palaeographical features. Our leaf was used for binding 'I. Pars Hist(oriarum) Pauli Iouii italice' according to the title still visible on the recto. Was probably acquired for Engelberg after 1891 by B. Gottwald, librarian of the monastery, who marked the content, but did not include the fragment in his published catalogue.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Za 9.7–12.8 passim). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67028",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: **a** is far more frequent than open **a**; **ff** run together and have the tongue on the base-line; tall shafts often lean to the left, those of **b** and **l** break near the head-line; subscript **i** occurs after **n**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1160.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1338,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1338,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: a is far more frequent than open a; ff run together and have the tongue on the base-line; tall shafts often lean to the left, those of b and l break near the head-line; subscript i occurs after n.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Switzerland and possibly the centre that produced St Gall MS 1399 a. 3, with which our manuscript agrees in size and various palaeographical features. Our leaf was used for binding 'I. Pars Hist(oriarum) Pauli Iouii italice' according to the title still visible on the recto. Was probably acquired for Engelberg after 1891 by B. Gottwald, librarian of the monastery, who marked the content, but did not include the fragment in his published catalogue.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1160.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1338.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1338.jpg 1339,965,"Early Roman Cursive",II–III,101,300,7,885,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Both parts came from the same lot of Egyptian papyri.",3,,,"Catalogus Operum Artis.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63821",,"Image from Pap. Lat. V and VII",,http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/imageZoom/?iip=bgeiip/papyrus/pgen65-vi.ptif,"Script is early Roman cursive: **b** has the very ancient form resembling **d**; **e** is thin and tall and approaches the uncial form; **𐌾** has the uncial form with its tail curving to the right; **m** and **n** show their capital origin; the oval of **q** leans to the right and its tail descends at a sharp angle starting from the head-line; Pap. Lat. V uses a broad and angular **U**.","☛Formerly Geneva, Bibliothèque P. Gr. 65 (V) Vo. ☛Formerly Geneva, Bibliothèque P. Gr. 65 (VII) Vo. ☛ChLA 1 10 Vo. + ChLA 1 11 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 63 + 64. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 18–19 pl. XII. ",,1,17,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1339,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1339,"Script is early Roman cursive: b has the very ancient form resembling d; e is thin and tall and approaches the uncial form; 𐌾 has the uncial form with its tail curving to the right; m and n show their capital origin; the oval of q leans to the right and its tail descends at a sharp angle starting from the head-line; Pap. Lat. V uses a broad and angular U.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Both parts came from the same lot of Egyptian papyri.
","☛Formerly Geneva, Bibliothèque P. Gr. 65 (V) Vo. ☛Formerly Geneva, Bibliothèque P. Gr. 65 (VII) Vo. ☛ChLA 1 10 Vo. + ChLA 1 11 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 63 + 64. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.1, no. 18–19 pl. XII.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1339.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1339.jpg 1340,966,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,7,886,"Origin uncertain.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Anteiustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 67029",,"Image shows both sides of the entire fragment ",,,"Script is a small, expert, but informal half-uncial: **c** is often tall, extending over the following letter; **E** is tall in ligature; **i**-longa is used after **r**, **ꞇ**, and even **Ᵹ**; the middle stroke of **N** sags; the bow of **q** is a thin oval. The text is not from the Theodosian Code or the annexed constitutions.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1340,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1340,"Script is a small, expert, but informal half-uncial: c is often tall, extending over the following letter; E is tall in ligature; i-longa is used after r, ꞇ, and even Ᵹ; the middle stroke of N sags; the bow of q is a thin oval. The text is not from the Theodosian Code or the annexed constitutions.
","Origin uncertain.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1340.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1340.jpg 1341,967,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,7,887,"Written probably in a Swiss centre under Burgundian influence, to judge by the script. Used for binding a register of revenues of the Church of Root near Lucerne.",,,,"Vita S Apri; Vita S Eugeniae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67030",,"Image from the verso and recto of the middle opening ",,,"Script is roundish pre-Caroline minuscule recalling Burgundian types: open **a** is the rule, with minuscule **a** confined to line-ends; **ꞇ** has its cross-stroke looped to the left and its shaft mostly dipping below the line; numerous ligatures: **ri**, **ta**, **te**, **ti** (for both hard and soft **ti**). S1 p. 355 adds a description of the Innsbruck manuscript: Written in the same calligraphic style as the Lucerne fragment, but by a different hand. Script is a roundish pre-Caroline minuscule, with ascenders mostly leaning slightly to the left and descenders very long: **N** appears in a medial position; ligatures are frequent and include **an**, **ec**, **ep**, **eri**, **ron**; cursive **ti**-ligature used for the soft sound. Small contemporary corrections (by the scribe?). Written probably in a Swiss centre under Burgundian influence. The fragment has now been separated from MS Dip. 973, a collection of leaves formed by Anton Roschmann (1694–1760).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1341,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1341,"Script is roundish pre-Caroline minuscule recalling Burgundian types: open a is the rule, with minuscule a confined to line-ends; ꞇ has its cross-stroke looped to the left and its shaft mostly dipping below the line; numerous ligatures: ri, ta, te, ti (for both hard and soft ti). S1 p. 355 adds a description of the Innsbruck manuscript: Written in the same calligraphic style as the Lucerne fragment, but by a different hand. Script is a roundish pre-Caroline minuscule, with ascenders mostly leaning slightly to the left and descenders very long: N appears in a medial position; ligatures are frequent and include an, ec, ep, eri, ron; cursive ti-ligature used for the soft sound. Small contemporary corrections (by the scribe?). Written probably in a Swiss centre under Burgundian influence. The fragment has now been separated from MS Dip. 973, a collection of leaves formed by Anton Roschmann (1694–1760).
","Written probably in a Swiss centre under Burgundian influence, to judge by the script. Used for binding a register of revenues of the Church of Root near Lucerne.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1341.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1341.jpg 1343,968,"Uncial and Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,888,"Written in an Alemannic centre, perhaps at St Gall. The fragments were found in the bindings of incunabula from the Lucerne Franciscan convent, which were formerly in the possession of Balthasar Brenwald, suffragan bishop of Chur (1491–1500) and Constance (1500–1518).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (12–13, 16, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67031",,"Image from a recto ",,,"Script is roundish pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: **a** is more frequent than open **a**; the top of **ꞇ** curves down to the left and is often looped; the ligature of **nt** occurs in mid-line. Uncial is used for the first two pages of Lib. 13: the oblique of **N** projects beyond the second upright.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2542.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1343,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1343,"Script is roundish pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: a is more frequent than open a; the top of ꞇ curves down to the left and is often looped; the ligature of nt occurs in mid-line. Uncial is used for the first two pages of Lib. 13: the oblique of N projects beyond the second upright.
","Written in an Alemannic centre, perhaps at St Gall. The fragments were found in the bindings of incunabula from the Lucerne Franciscan convent, which were formerly in the possession of Balthasar Brenwald, suffragan bishop of Chur (1491–1500) and Constance (1500–1518).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2542.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1343.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1343.jpg 1344,971,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,889,"Written in the Rhaetian region, possibly in the centre that produced St Gall MS 348. Served as covers or jackets in the early seventeenth century.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67032",,"fol. 4 ",,,"Script is calligraphic Rhaetian minuscule, with letters and words widely separated: open **a** and **ꞇ** have the characteristic Rhaetian forms.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3542.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1344,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1344,"Script is calligraphic Rhaetian minuscule, with letters and words widely separated: open a and ꞇ have the characteristic Rhaetian forms.
","Written in the Rhaetian region, possibly in the centre that produced St Gall MS 348. Served as covers or jackets in the early seventeenth century.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3542.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1344.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1344.jpg 1345,972,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,890,"Written in some Rhaetian centre. The two fragments were used as fly-leaves in the volume Münster, Stiftsarchiv XIX 1, a Hymnarium saec. XV, in which offsets of our script are still visible.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1.17–18, 2.22, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67033",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule with the characteristic **a** and **t**; the ligatures frequently used are **nt** (at the end of words), **ra**, **ri**, **ro**, **rt**, **ru**.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1345,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1345,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule with the characteristic a and t; the ligatures frequently used are nt (at the end of words), ra, ri, ro, rt, ru.
","Written in some Rhaetian centre. The two fragments were used as fly-leaves in the volume Münster, Stiftsarchiv XIX 1, a Hymnarium saec. XV, in which offsets of our script are still visible.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1345.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1345.jpg 1346,973,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,891,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, most likely at Chur, to judge by the contents: the deeds concern property of S Hilarius in Chur and S Carpoforus in Trimmis. The bifolium was used as the jacket for receipts and expenses for the year 1603 in the accounts of the 'Holy Blood'.",,46.8508,9.532,"Chartularium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67034",,"p. 2 ",,,"Script is regular Rhaetian minuscule: open **a** and **a** are used indifferently; the shaft of **h** is often curved and leans to the left; the Caroline form of **ꞇ** is used only at the end of words; **z** resembles half-uncial Ᵹ; uncial **A** in headings has a curiously long top-stroke.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3544.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1346,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1346,"Script is regular Rhaetian minuscule: open a and a are used indifferently; the shaft of h is often curved and leans to the left; the Caroline form of ꞇ is used only at the end of words; z resembles half-uncial Ᵹ; uncial A in headings has a curiously long top-stroke.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, most likely at Chur, to judge by the contents: the deeds concern property of S Hilarius in Chur and S Carpoforus in Trimmis. The bifolium was used as the jacket for receipts and expenses for the year 1603 in the accounts of the 'Holy Blood'.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3544.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1346.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1346.jpg 1347,974,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,892,"Written doubtless in a Rhaetian centre of good calligraphic standards.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Lv 4. 27–6.8, 15.20–18.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67035",,"Image from the recto of No. 17",,,"Script is characteristic Rhaetian minuscule: Caroline **a** occurs in mid-word, Caroline **ꞇ** only at the end of words; the shaft of **ꞇ** often sinks below the line; ligatures include **ct**, **nt** (even in mid-word), **ri**, **ro**, **te**, **ti** (for hard ti). A few corrections by a ninth- or tenth-century hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3545.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1347,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1347,"Script is characteristic Rhaetian minuscule: Caroline a occurs in mid-word, Caroline ꞇ only at the end of words; the shaft of ꞇ often sinks below the line; ligatures include ct, nt (even in mid-word), ri, ro, te, ti (for hard ti). A few corrections by a ninth- or tenth-century hand.
","Written doubtless in a Rhaetian centre of good calligraphic standards.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3545.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1347.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1347.jpg 1349,975,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,893a,"Written at St Gall, in part by the well-known scribe Winithar, who was Dean of the monastery in 766 and who also wrote the charters dated 761 and 763, the former still extant in the original.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Nm, Dt 1–32.52).",Parchment,,,"TM 67036",,"p. 98 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0002,"Script is by several hands: the first is the rather gauche and characteristic hand of Winithar, seen also in St Gall MSS 2 (p. 301–568), 11 (in part), 70, 109 (in part), 225, 238, 907, and 1399a. No. 2: he uses open **a**, two forms of **d**, **g** with the oval lower bow, the peculiar form of **q** open at the top, tall **z**, and the ligatures **fi**, **ri**, **tu**, and **ti** (for hard ti); the other scribes write the roundish Alemannic minuscule with the **nt**-ligature in mid-word and even linking two separate words ('intribu'); two forms of **a** are used. Pages 21–2 contain the end of the capitula and the beginning of Numeri, being a restoration in ninth-century St Gall minuscule of lost leaves. A number of probationes pennae for initials, saec. VIII–IX, are sketched on p. 2.",,,3,4,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1349,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349,"Script is by several hands: the first is the rather gauche and characteristic hand of Winithar, seen also in St Gall MSS 2 (p. 301–568), 11 (in part), 70, 109 (in part), 225, 238, 907, and 1399a. No. 2: he uses open a, two forms of d, g with the oval lower bow, the peculiar form of q open at the top, tall z, and the ligatures fi, ri, tu, and ti (for hard ti); the other scribes write the roundish Alemannic minuscule with the nt-ligature in mid-word and even linking two separate words ('intribu'); two forms of a are used. Pages 21–2 contain the end of the capitula and the beginning of Numeri, being a restoration in ninth-century St Gall minuscule of lost leaves. A number of probationes pennae for initials, saec. VIII–IX, are sketched on p. 2.
","Written at St Gall, in part by the well-known scribe Winithar, who was Dean of the monastery in 766 and who also wrote the charters dated 761 and 763, the former still extant in the original.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1349.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1349.jpg 1350,976,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,893b,"Written no doubt at St Gall.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Dt 32.52–fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67037",,"p. 298 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0002,"Script is a variety of the normal Alemannic type, but somewhat more slender, with letters leaning to the left: the ligatures **nt** (even mid-word), **ti** (for both hard and soft ti), **te**, and **tu** occur.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1350,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1350,"Script is a variety of the normal Alemannic type, but somewhat more slender, with letters leaning to the left: the ligatures nt (even mid-word), ti (for both hard and soft ti), te, and tu occur.
","Written no doubt at St Gall.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1350.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1350.jpg 1351,977,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,7,894,"Written at St Gall by the scribe Winithar, who shows acquaintance with Irish methods, to judge from his abbreviations, his use of quinions, and his practice of pricking after folding the bifolia (see CLA [7.903](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1361)).",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Vulgata, Act, Apc); Passio S Clementis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67038",,"p. 374 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0002,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule in Winithar's hand (cf. CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)). The almost invisible entry 'cozptus abbat' (saec. IX) occurs at the foot of p. 449; Cozbertus was abbot of St Gall from 816–837. Among the probationes pennae (saec. IX) on p. 450 occurs the name 'Alberihc'.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 43](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/064_tav043a.pdf).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1351,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1351,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule in Winithar's hand (cf. CLA 7.893a). The almost invisible entry 'cozptus abbat' (saec. IX) occurs at the foot of p. 449; Cozbertus was abbot of St Gall from 816–837. Among the probationes pennae (saec. IX) on p. 450 occurs the name 'Alberihc'.
","Written at St Gall by the scribe Winithar, who shows acquaintance with Irish methods, to judge from his abbreviations, his use of quinions, and his practice of pricking after folding the bifolia (see CLA 7.903).
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 43.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1351.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1351.jpg 1352,978,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,895,"Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Par, Tb, Idt, Est); Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini.",Parchment,,,"TM 67039",,"p. 40 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0006,"Script is the roundish broad Alemannic type of minuscule, by several scribes: open **a** is more common than **a**; the shaft of **h** is often curved; the **nt** ligature is used even in mid-word; **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti), **tu**, and **tri** also occur. Probationes pennae and scribbles: 'ferunt ophyr . . .' and 'adnexique' (p. 1). A ninth-century hand entered omitted prologues (p. 180, 208).",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1352,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1352,"Script is the roundish broad Alemannic type of minuscule, by several scribes: open a is more common than a; the shaft of h is often curved; the nt ligature is used even in mid-word; ti ligature (for hard and soft ti), tu, and tri also occur. Probationes pennae and scribbles: 'ferunt ophyr . . .' and 'adnexique' (p. 1). A ninth-century hand entered omitted prologues (p. 180, 208).
","Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1352.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1352.jpg 1353,979,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Alemannic Minuscule","VIII² (781 vel ante)",751,781,7,896,"Written no doubt at St Gall, in part by Winithar (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)).",,,,"Excerpta ex Vetere et Novo Testamento; Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (Ez, 2.1, 2, 4–6, 8, 9), Moralia in Iob; etc. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67040",,"pp. 147 and 503",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0011,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several Alemannic scribes, among them Winithar (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)) who probably held a leading position in the scriptorium since he rubricated the main part of the manuscript: open **a** is the rule, **a** the exception; **i**-longa is used initially; the tall form of **Z** occurs in various striking shapes; the **ti** ligature stands for hard ti. An almost contemporary hand refers to the year 781 as the 'presens tempus anni' (p. 1).",,,3,4,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1353,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1353,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several Alemannic scribes, among them Winithar (see CLA 7.893a) who probably held a leading position in the scriptorium since he rubricated the main part of the manuscript: open a is the rule, a the exception; i-longa is used initially; the tall form of Z occurs in various striking shapes; the ti ligature stands for hard ti. An almost contemporary hand refers to the year 781 as the 'presens tempus anni' (p. 1).
","Written no doubt at St Gall, in part by Winithar (see CLA 7.893a).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1353.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1353.jpg 1355,980,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,897,"Written at St Gall, to judge from the script.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Mcc, 2 Esr, 4 Mcc). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67041",,"p. 228 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0012,"Script is the typical roundish Alemannic minuscule: open **a** predominates; ligatures of **nt** occur even mid-word; the **ti** ligature is used for soft ti. The scribe's name which stood in his subscription on p. 336 was ruthlessly erased and is now undecipherable. Neumes were added on p. 282, 290. The original script on p. 290b is erased and was re-written in the fifteenth century. The bifolium p. 147/148–161/162 has been repaired with a scrap of an eighth-century manuscript of Gregory's Dialogues in Merovingian script, other fragments of which are collected in St Gall MS 214 (see CLA [7.924](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1385)).",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1355,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1355,"Script is the typical roundish Alemannic minuscule: open a predominates; ligatures of nt occur even mid-word; the ti ligature is used for soft ti. The scribe's name which stood in his subscription on p. 336 was ruthlessly erased and is now undecipherable. Neumes were added on p. 282, 290. The original script on p. 290b is erased and was re-written in the fifteenth century. The bifolium p. 147/148–161/162 has been repaired with a scrap of an eighth-century manuscript of Gregory's Dialogues in Merovingian script, other fragments of which are collected in St Gall MS 214 (see CLA 7.924).
","Written at St Gall, to judge from the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1355.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1355.jpg 1356,981,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,898,"Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by certain points of similarity with St Gall MS 44 with which it agrees in size and is connected in content. The St Gall origin of MS 44 is established by a subscription (see CLA [7.899](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1357)).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Is, Ier). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67042",,"p. 92 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0040,"Script is a rather broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, by more than one hand; one hand leans distinctly to the right: Caroline **a** is used rather frequently and uncial **ꝺ** occasionally; the shaft of **h** here and there ends in a curve; **z** is tall and has various forms; ligatures are numerous, **nt** occurs often in mid word, **ti** ligature is used for hard ti; another hand is closely related to the hand of St Gall MS 230 (see CLA [7.933](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1395)). Corrections in a contemporary hand.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1356,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1356,"Script is a rather broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, by more than one hand; one hand leans distinctly to the right: Caroline a is used rather frequently and uncial ꝺ occasionally; the shaft of h here and there ends in a curve; z is tall and has various forms; ligatures are numerous, nt occurs often in mid word, ti ligature is used for hard ti; another hand is closely related to the hand of St Gall MS 230 (see CLA 7.933). Corrections in a contemporary hand.
","Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by certain points of similarity with St Gall MS 44 with which it agrees in size and is connected in content. The St Gall origin of MS 44 is established by a subscription (see CLA 7.899).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1356.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1356.jpg 1357,982,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII² (760-781)",760,781,7,899,"Written for St Gall, presumably in the monastery itself, at the order of John II, Bishop of Constance (760–81), who was also abbot of St Gall and Reichenau (see the inscription on p. 183). Our volume probably continues the set of the Prophets begun in St Gall MS 40 (see CLA [7.898](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1356)) with which it agrees in size and script.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Ez, Os, Ioel, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi, Na, Hab, So, Agg, Za, Mal, Dn).",Parchment,,,"TM 67043",,"pp. 147 and 183 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0044,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the roundish Alemannic type, by several hands: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **z** is tall; ligatures include **fe**, **fi**, **fio**, **mt**, **nt** (often in mid-word), **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti); the characteristic letter in the uncial is **N** with the long first stroke and the oblique extending beyond the second upright. Somewhat cursive minuscule is seen on last line of p. 107. Numerous corrections saec. VIII and IX. Probationes pennae and neumes occur on pp. 181–4.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1357,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1357,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the roundish Alemannic type, by several hands: open a is more frequent than a; z is tall; ligatures include fe, fi, fio, mt, nt (often in mid-word), ti ligature (for hard and soft ti); the characteristic letter in the uncial is N with the long first stroke and the oblique extending beyond the second upright. Somewhat cursive minuscule is seen on last line of p. 107. Numerous corrections saec. VIII and IX. Probationes pennae and neumes occur on pp. 181–4.
","Written for St Gall, presumably in the monastery itself, at the order of John II, Bishop of Constance (760–81), who was also abbot of St Gall and Reichenau (see the inscription on p. 183). Our volume probably continues the set of the Prophets begun in St Gall MS 40 (see CLA 7.898) with which it agrees in size and script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1357.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1357.jpg 1358,983,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,900,"Written presumably in a Swiss centre under Italian influence, perhaps in the same region which produced MSS Einsiedeln 369, foll. 1–2 and Schaffhausen, Ministerialbibliothek 80 + Zürich, Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, No. XLII, fol. 67 (p. 127) (CLA [7.881](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1335), [1003](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1274)). The manuscript was dismembered at St Gall, probably by the thirteenth century, to judge from the two St Gall pressmarks, saec. XIII and XV, seen at the top of p. 1 of MS 46.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1 Sm 15.34–18.10, 19.5–24, 28.13–30.20, 4 Rg 14.22–15.12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67044",,"Image from MS. 46, p. 2 and MS. 242, p. 272",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0242,"Script is an Italianate type of pre-Caroline minuscule, by more than one hand: **a** has various forms; **c** is often tall and broken-backed; uncial **ꝺ** is frequent; one hand uses the flat-topped **g**; **i**-longa is used according to rule; the shoulder of **r** occasionally extends over the following letter; **y** resembles a dotted **ꞅ**; ligatures are frequent: **ti** ligature occurs for hard and soft ti.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1358,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1358,"Script is an Italianate type of pre-Caroline minuscule, by more than one hand: a has various forms; c is often tall and broken-backed; uncial ꝺ is frequent; one hand uses the flat-topped g; i-longa is used according to rule; the shoulder of r occasionally extends over the following letter; y resembles a dotted ꞅ; ligatures are frequent: ti ligature occurs for hard and soft ti.
","Written presumably in a Swiss centre under Italian influence, perhaps in the same region which produced MSS Einsiedeln 369, foll. 1–2 and Schaffhausen, Ministerialbibliothek 80 + Zürich, Antiquarische Gesellschaft 19, No. XLII, fol. 67 (p. 127) (CLA 7.881, 1003). The manuscript was dismembered at St Gall, probably by the thirteenth century, to judge from the two St Gall pressmarks, saec. XIII and XV, seen at the top of p. 1 of MS 46.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1358.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1358.jpg 1359,984,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,901,"Written presumably in Ireland. The manuscript is not mentioned in the St Gall list of 'Libri Scottice scripti' drawn up in the middle of the ninth century. The entry ‘lib ᷤ sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io partim).",Parchment,,,"TM 67045",,"p. 134",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0051,"Script is an angular somewhat compressed Irish majuscule with **d ꝺ**, **n**, **R r**, **S ꞅ** (with **d**, **R**, **S** more frequent); **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ** at the beginning of lines have their horizontals often descending in a flourish to the left; ligatures, chiefly at line-end, include **em** with the **m** lying on its side, **mo**, **tio**, **ut**. Corrections and probationes pennae (p. 1, 268) in Caroline minuscule saec. IX; some are scratched in with a stylus.","☛Gamber, CLLA 147.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1359,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1359,"Script is an angular somewhat compressed Irish majuscule with d ꝺ, n, R r, S ꞅ (with d, R, S more frequent); Ᵹ and ꞇ at the beginning of lines have their horizontals often descending in a flourish to the left; ligatures, chiefly at line-end, include em with the m lying on its side, mo, tio, ut. Corrections and probationes pennae (p. 1, 268) in Caroline minuscule saec. IX; some are scratched in with a stylus.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The manuscript is not mentioned in the St Gall list of 'Libri Scottice scripti' drawn up in the middle of the ninth century. The entry ‘lib ᷤ sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 147.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1359.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1359.jpg 1360,985,"Irish Majuscule and Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,902,"Written apparently in Ireland. The manuscript is mentioned among the 'Libri Scottice scripti' in the St Gall catalogue of about the middle of the ninth century. A sixteenth-century St Gall ex-libris is seen on p. 5.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vetus Latina, Io partim.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67046",,"p. 21",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0060,"Script is either Irish majuscule in transition, in part roundish (p. 27, etc.), in part angular, compressed, and verging on minuscule, or plain Irish minuscule (p. 21): **y** has both branches curving to the right. Corrections by the contemporary Irish hand which also marked the Eusebian sections. Biblical glosses were added by a tenth-century minuscule hand on p. 3, originally left blank.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 118. ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 232: Parts of Io 1–3 are Vetus Latina, remainder Vulgate.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1360,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1360,"Script is either Irish majuscule in transition, in part roundish (p. 27, etc.), in part angular, compressed, and verging on minuscule, or plain Irish minuscule (p. 21): y has both branches curving to the right. Corrections by the contemporary Irish hand which also marked the Eusebian sections. Biblical glosses were added by a tenth-century minuscule hand on p. 3, originally left blank.
","Written apparently in Ireland. The manuscript is mentioned among the 'Libri Scottice scripti' in the St Gall catalogue of about the middle of the ninth century. A sixteenth-century St Gall ex-libris is seen on p. 5.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 118. ☛Houghton, Latin New Testament p. 232: Parts of Io 1–3 are Vetus Latina, remainder Vulgate.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1360.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1360.jpg 1361,986,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,7,903,"Written at St Gall by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey, who in his 'Uersus' at the end of the book says to his brethren: 'si autem uobis utile uidetur, aliquid scribam uobis ex mea paruitate, date pargamina uestra et in quantum dederet intellectum dominus sine ulla contradiccione faciam' (p. 251).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1–2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1–2 Th, 1–2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr); 'Versus Winitharis'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67047",,"p. 71",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0070,"Script is entirely Winithar's unmistakable pre-Caroline minuscule (cf. CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)): **a** is used as well as open **a**; **i**-longa here and there even in mid-word (anImum); suprascript **v** is frequent; **ti** ligature for hard ti. The interesting little sermon entitled 'uersus uuinitharis presbiteri qui hunc librum scripsit' (p. 250 ff.) stands after the Pauline Epistles (Winithar's name is by another hand and over erasure). The entry 'III īꝺ sep' (Sept. 11) noted by Winithar in the lower margin of p. 4 seems to mark the time he began his work. Old High German glosses (saec. VIII ex.) are seen passim (p. 27, 33, 97 ff.). A ninth-century hand rewrote p. 133. For another manuscript by Winithar with Insular symptoms, see St Gall MS 2 (p. 301–568) (CLA [7.894](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1351)).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1361,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1361,"Script is entirely Winithar's unmistakable pre-Caroline minuscule (cf. CLA 7.893a): a is used as well as open a; i-longa here and there even in mid-word (anImum); suprascript v is frequent; ti ligature for hard ti. The interesting little sermon entitled 'uersus uuinitharis presbiteri qui hunc librum scripsit' (p. 250 ff.) stands after the Pauline Epistles (Winithar's name is by another hand and over erasure). The entry 'III īꝺ sep' (Sept. 11) noted by Winithar in the lower margin of p. 4 seems to mark the time he began his work. Old High German glosses (saec. VIII ex.) are seen passim (p. 27, 33, 97 ff.). A ninth-century hand rewrote p. 133. For another manuscript by Winithar with Insular symptoms, see St Gall MS 2 (p. 301–568) (CLA 7.894).
","Written at St Gall by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey, who in his 'Uersus' at the end of the book says to his brethren: 'si autem uobis utile uidetur, aliquid scribam uobis ex mea paruitate, date pargamina uestra et in quantum dederet intellectum dominus sine ulla contradiccione faciam' (p. 251).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1361.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1361.jpg 1362,987,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,904,"Written at Tours; it is the oldest surviving Bible from that scriptorium and apparently represents an early experimental stage in Tours Bible production. Was at St Gall by the ninth century, as the corrections show.",,47.3941,0.6848,"Biblia (Vulgata).",Parchment,,,"TM 67048",,"p. 525",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0075,"Script is a Caroline minuscule by numerous hands, some of which are of the distinct Tours type while others are not: **a** has various forms; **i**-longa occurs here and there initially; **N** is frequent; **Z** when capital has a horizontal bar (cf. CLA [6.762](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1170)). Corrections by ninth-century St Gall hands. Many leaves have suffered later mutilation.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1362,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1362,"Script is a Caroline minuscule by numerous hands, some of which are of the distinct Tours type while others are not: a has various forms; i-longa occurs here and there initially; N is frequent; Z when capital has a horizontal bar (cf. CLA 6.762). Corrections by ninth-century St Gall hands. Many leaves have suffered later mutilation.
","Written at Tours; it is the oldest surviving Bible from that scriptorium and apparently represents an early experimental stage in Tours Bible production. Was at St Gall by the ninth century, as the corrections show.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1362.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1362.jpg 1363,988,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,905,"Written possibly in Western Switzerland or Northern Italy, apparently in the same region, if not in the same centre, which produced St Gall 227, Isidorus (CLA [7.930](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1392)), Paris Lat. 653, Pelagius, Paris Lat. 9451, Lectionary (CLA [5.527](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/884) and [580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945)), Vienna 1616, Sermones, and Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 513, Lex Alamannorum. The manuscript is first mentioned in connection with St Gall in the catalogue of 1461.",,,,"'Sermo S Ysidori de Fine Mundi'; Ps- Hieronymus, Commentarius in Psalmos; etc",Parchment,,,"TM 67049",,"p. 165 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0108,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: the characteristic letter is **r** with its shoulder turned firmly up; open **a** is the rule; the squashed **g** used by some hands recalls some French pre-Caroline types; **i**-longa occurs initially here and there; the **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the hand seen on p. 335 and 368 represents an earlier stage of the type, a stage which predominates in Vienna MS 1616.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1363,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type: the characteristic letter is r with its shoulder turned firmly up; open a is the rule; the squashed g used by some hands recalls some French pre-Caroline types; i-longa occurs initially here and there; the ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the hand seen on p. 335 and 368 represents an earlier stage of the type, a stage which predominates in Vienna MS 1616.
","Written possibly in Western Switzerland or Northern Italy, apparently in the same region, if not in the same centre, which produced St Gall 227, Isidorus (CLA 7.930), Paris Lat. 653, Pelagius, Paris Lat. 9451, Lectionary (CLA 5.527 and 580), Vienna 1616, Sermones, and Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 513, Lex Alamannorum. The manuscript is first mentioned in connection with St Gall in the catalogue of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1363.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1363.jpg 1364,989,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,906,"Written at St Gall, in part by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey. For other manuscripts by him see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349).",,,,"Hieronymus, In Psalmos (1–59).",Parchment,,,"TM 67050",,"pp. 5 and 46 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0109,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several scribes, one of whom is Winithar; the other hands use the roundish Alemannic type with the **nt**-ligature even in mid-word. A partly erased name, 'IMMO' (saec. IX), stands in the margin of p. 120.",,,3,4,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1364,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1364,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several scribes, one of whom is Winithar; the other hands use the roundish Alemannic type with the nt-ligature even in mid-word. A partly erased name, 'IMMO' (saec. IX), stands in the margin of p. 120.
","Written at St Gall, in part by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey. For other manuscripts by him see CLA 7.893a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1364.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1364.jpg 1366,990,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,796,799,7,907,"Written doubtless at Verona, probably in the time of Bishop Egino (796–799), along with MSS Berlin Phill. 1676 (the Egino homiliary)(CLA [8.1057](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517), Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616, and Karlsruhe Aug. 2, 3, 4.",,45.4384,10.9916,"Breviarium Apostolorum; Hieronymus, Commentarii in Psalmos; Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos.",Parchment,"Egino Codex.",,"TM 67051",,"p. 548 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0110,"Script is a firm, regular, and stately Caroline minuscule of the same type, if not by the same hand, as MS Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616 (CLA [5.601](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/968)): **a** has two forms; **f** is half-uncial; the form of **g** with its flat and longish top is characteristic ; **oꝛ** occurs in mid-word. The entry 'hic deest initium' is seen at the top of p. 511 (saec. XII). The Greek alphabet on p. 381–382 is transcribed (saec. XV).","☛CLA date range changed from VIII–IX, written under bishop Egino of Verona 796–799.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1366,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1366,"Script is a firm, regular, and stately Caroline minuscule of the same type, if not by the same hand, as MS Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616 (CLA 5.601): a has two forms; f is half-uncial; the form of g with its flat and longish top is characteristic ; oꝛ occurs in mid-word. The entry 'hic deest initium' is seen at the top of p. 511 (saec. XII). The Greek alphabet on p. 381–382 is transcribed (saec. XV).
","Written doubtless at Verona, probably in the time of Bishop Egino (796–799), along with MSS Berlin Phill. 1676 (the Egino homiliary)(CLA 8.1057, Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616, and Karlsruhe Aug. 2, 3, 4.
","☛CLA date range changed from VIII–IX, written under bishop Egino of Verona 796–799.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1366.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1366.jpg 1367,991,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,908,"Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge from the script. The thirteenth-century ex-libris 'Iste lib ē de sco gallo' is seen on p. 2.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Danielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67052",,"pp. 10 and 33 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0120,"Script, by several scribes, is a roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: open **a** is still more frequent than **a**; the shaft of **h** sometimes curves; **z** is tall and the two horizontals are sometimes cup-shaped; ligatures include **nt** (even in mid~word) and **ti** (for hard ti); in the uncial the bow of **A** is a high flat oval; the foot of **L** and the cross-stroke of **T** have forked finials. The 'exegetical fragment' entered on p. 228–230 at the end of the manuscript is merely a repetition of the text contained on p. 8–11. Corrections and transliteration (saec. IX–X) of Greek words are frequent. A few verses from Sedulius' Carmen paschale are entered (saec. X–XI) on p. 1.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1367,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1367,"Script, by several scribes, is a roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: open a is still more frequent than a; the shaft of h sometimes curves; z is tall and the two horizontals are sometimes cup-shaped; ligatures include nt (even in mid~word) and ti (for hard ti); in the uncial the bow of A is a high flat oval; the foot of L and the cross-stroke of T have forked finials. The 'exegetical fragment' entered on p. 228–230 at the end of the manuscript is merely a repetition of the text contained on p. 8–11. Corrections and transliteration (saec. IX–X) of Greek words are frequent. A few verses from Sedulius' Carmen paschale are entered (saec. X–XI) on p. 1.
","Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge from the script. The thirteenth-century ex-libris 'Iste lib ē de sco gallo' is seen on p. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1367.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1367.jpg 1368,992,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,909,"Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.",,,,"Ps- Hieronymus, In Quattuor Evangelia; Excerpta Varia Patria (Gregorius Magnus, Isidorus, Cassiodorus). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67053",,"pp. 64 and 270 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0125,"Script is minuscule of the Alemannic type, by numerous hands, some rather inexpert: open **a** occurs more often than **a**, the suprascript form occurs in ligature; uncial **ꝺ** is frequent in parts of the manuscript; the **nt**-ligature occurs in mid-word and even when the **t** has an abbreviation-stroke; **ti** ligature is used for soft ti. The last quire (p. 265 ff.) containing dogmatic excerpts may, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, be in the hand of Waldo, who wrote several St Gall charters.","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1368,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1368,"Script is minuscule of the Alemannic type, by numerous hands, some rather inexpert: open a occurs more often than a, the suprascript form occurs in ligature; uncial ꝺ is frequent in parts of the manuscript; the nt-ligature occurs in mid-word and even when the t has an abbreviation-stroke; ti ligature is used for soft ti. The last quire (p. 265 ff.) containing dogmatic excerpts may, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, be in the hand of Waldo, who wrote several St Gall charters.
","Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.
","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1368.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1368.jpg 1369,993,"Alemannic Minuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,910,"Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script and initials. The presence there of an Anglo-Saxon scribe, or one familiar with Anglo-Saxon script, is noteworthy.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67054",,"pp. 125 and 296 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0126,"Script of the main part, by several scribes, is the broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: two forms of **a** are used, the open prevailing; **z** is strikingly tall; the **nt**-ligature occurs often in mid-word; an Anglo-Saxon scribe showing the effect of long residence on the Continent wrote side by side with his Alemannic confrères, starting in the middle of a sentence (see p. 244–305, 345–396). Corrections by contemporary and later hands; probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX occur on p. 3–7, 397–9, originally left blank. An Old High German gloss 'stalo' over 'armariolum' on p. 279. Neumes, saec. XI, on p. 3, 399.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1369,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1369,"Script of the main part, by several scribes, is the broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: two forms of a are used, the open prevailing; z is strikingly tall; the nt-ligature occurs often in mid-word; an Anglo-Saxon scribe showing the effect of long residence on the Continent wrote side by side with his Alemannic confrères, starting in the middle of a sentence (see p. 244–305, 345–396). Corrections by contemporary and later hands; probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX occur on p. 3–7, 397–9, originally left blank. An Old High German gloss 'stalo' over 'armariolum' on p. 279. Neumes, saec. XI, on p. 3, 399.
","Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script and initials. The presence there of an Anglo-Saxon scribe, or one familiar with Anglo-Saxon script, is noteworthy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1369.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1369.jpg 1371,994,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,911,"Written apparently in the same Swiss centre as Einsiedeln MS 369 (285), foll. 3–6, and possibly at St Gall.",,,,"Eusebius-Hieronymus, Liber Locorum; Vergilius Salisburgensis, Cosmographia Aethici Histri; Liber Generationum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67055",,"pp. 129, 211, and 281",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0133,"Script is an early, small-size minuscule, by different hands, some showing clear Alemannic features and cursive elements, e.g. half-uncial **Ᵹ**, **ꝺ**-shaped **o**, **ꞇ** with the horizontal looped to the left, and the ligatures **nt** (even in mid-word), **ꞇa** (with sickle-shaped **a** on top of **ꞇ**), and **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti). The hand on p. 281 ff. is akin to that of Einsiedeln MS 369 (285), foll. 3–6, a fragment of a lectionary; the hand on p. 209–215 seems identical with the first hand of St Gall MS 259 (CLA [7.935](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1397)).",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1371,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1371,"Script is an early, small-size minuscule, by different hands, some showing clear Alemannic features and cursive elements, e.g. half-uncial Ᵹ, ꝺ-shaped o, ꞇ with the horizontal looped to the left, and the ligatures nt (even in mid-word), ꞇa (with sickle-shaped a on top of ꞇ), and ti ligature (for hard and soft ti). The hand on p. 281 ff. is akin to that of Einsiedeln MS 369 (285), foll. 3–6, a fragment of a lectionary; the hand on p. 209–215 seems identical with the first hand of St Gall MS 259 (CLA 7.935).
","Written apparently in the same Swiss centre as Einsiedeln MS 369 (285), foll. 3–6, and possibly at St Gall.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1371.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1371.jpg 1372,995,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,912,"Written apparently at St Gall. Part of it is, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, by Waldo, abbot of St. Gall (781), and later abbot of Reichenau (786) and of St Denis (806).",,,,"Quodvultdeus (Ps- Prosper), De Promissionibus et Praedictionibus Dei.",Parchment,,,"TM 67056",,"pp. 60 and 172",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0185,"Script, by several scribes, is a pre-Caroline roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: both open **a** and **a** are used; **z** is tall; the **nt**-ligature is used in mid-word; **ti** ligature for hard ti. The entries 'credita et uisa' and similar notes are in smaller and more cursive characters.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1372,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1372,"Script, by several scribes, is a pre-Caroline roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: both open a and a are used; z is tall; the nt-ligature is used in mid-word; ti ligature for hard ti. The entries 'credita et uisa' and similar notes are in smaller and more cursive characters.
","Written apparently at St Gall. Part of it is, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, by Waldo, abbot of St. Gall (781), and later abbot of Reichenau (786) and of St Denis (806).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1372.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1372.jpg 1373,996,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,7,913,"Written apparently in France, and probably in a Burgundian centre. Reached St Gall in the ninth century at the latest, to judge by the corrections.",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (epitome); Maximus Taurinensis, Sermones (5, 7, 8, 10–15, 18–23, 27–35, 37–44, 47–49, 56, 58, 60–76, 78–90, 91–98, extr.); Ambrosius, De Sacramentis; Basilius-Rufinus, Homiliae Morales.",Parchment,,,"TM 67057",,"pp. 31 and 373",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0188,"Script, by several scribes, is late uncial; it is crude and mixed at the end of the manuscript: **LL** run together; minuscule letters and ligatures are inserted here and there, especially at line-ends; the end of a homily on p. 373 is in cursive minuscule, with the phrase 'per saecula saeculorum' in a Tironian monogram (see p. 138). Additions and corrections by contemporary hands in cursive minuscule (e.g. on p. 114, 209 f.) or in mixed script (p. 144 f.); also by later St Gall hands saec. IX and XIII. An entry in Luxeuil type of minuscule is seen on the lower left half of p. 421; other cursive types saec. VIII are seen to the right on the same page, which, being the last, is now worn and disfigured by the stamped St Gall ex-libris.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 26 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1373,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1373,"Script, by several scribes, is late uncial; it is crude and mixed at the end of the manuscript: LL run together; minuscule letters and ligatures are inserted here and there, especially at line-ends; the end of a homily on p. 373 is in cursive minuscule, with the phrase 'per saecula saeculorum' in a Tironian monogram (see p. 138). Additions and corrections by contemporary hands in cursive minuscule (e.g. on p. 114, 209 f.) or in mixed script (p. 144 f.); also by later St Gall hands saec. IX and XIII. An entry in Luxeuil type of minuscule is seen on the lower left half of p. 421; other cursive types saec. VIII are seen to the right on the same page, which, being the last, is now worn and disfigured by the stamped St Gall ex-libris.
","Written apparently in France, and probably in a Burgundian centre. Reached St Gall in the ninth century at the latest, to judge by the corrections.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 26 (MSS with entries in Luxeuil Minuscule).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1373.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1373.jpg 1374,997,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,914,"Written at St Gall, to judge by the script. The manuscript is mentioned in the ninth-century St Gall catalogue.",,47.4245,9.3767,"Eucherius, Institutiones; Isidorus, Differentiae; Hieronymus, Super Danielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67058",,"p. 78",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0189,"Script is a roundish and rather broad minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several scribes, some not at all expert: **a** occurs less often than open **a**; the **nt**-ligature is used in mid-word. The scribes manifestly copied syllable by syllable and hesitated between them. The probatio pennae (saec. VIII ex.) at the end of the text on p. 381 reads ‘iosepus sricpsit'. Various scribbles (saec. VIII/IX–X) containing German names are seen on the first and last unnumbered pages and on p. 382.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1374,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1374,"Script is a roundish and rather broad minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several scribes, some not at all expert: a occurs less often than open a; the nt-ligature is used in mid-word. The scribes manifestly copied syllable by syllable and hesitated between them. The probatio pennae (saec. VIII ex.) at the end of the text on p. 381 reads ‘iosepus sricpsit'. Various scribbles (saec. VIII/IX–X) containing German names are seen on the first and last unnumbered pages and on p. 382.
","Written at St Gall, to judge by the script. The manuscript is mentioned in the ninth-century St Gall catalogue.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1374.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1374.jpg 1376,998,"Rhaetian and Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,915,"Written in some Rhaetian or possibly Alemannic centre where scribes of different training collaborated, and manifestly in the scriptorium which produced the Vita S Lucii (CLA [7.943](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1405)), since both manuscripts make use of parchment from the same half-uncial copy of the Prophets (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1377)).",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (1–9, 11); Augustinus, Sermones (epitome); Hieronymus, Sermones (epitome); Maximus Victorinus. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67059",,"pp. 113 and 289",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0193,"Script varies in type and is in part a roundish Rhaetian minuscule recalling one of the hands of Zurich Rh. 92 (CLA [7.1020](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1291)) and in part Alemannic minuscule: open **a** is much more frequent than **a**; **ꞇ** has two forms; ligatures are frequent, with **nt** occurring in mid-word and **ti** ligature used for hard ti. Pages 289 ff. are in a quite different hand, which recalls scripts in several manuscripts from Benedictbeuren in Bavaria (see CLM 4614, CLA [9.1246](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1731)). Corrections in ninth-century St Gall minuscule.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1376,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1376,"Script varies in type and is in part a roundish Rhaetian minuscule recalling one of the hands of Zurich Rh. 92 (CLA 7.1020) and in part Alemannic minuscule: open a is much more frequent than a; ꞇ has two forms; ligatures are frequent, with nt occurring in mid-word and ti ligature used for hard ti. Pages 289 ff. are in a quite different hand, which recalls scripts in several manuscripts from Benedictbeuren in Bavaria (see CLM 4614, CLA 9.1246). Corrections in ninth-century St Gall minuscule.
","Written in some Rhaetian or possibly Alemannic centre where scribes of different training collaborated, and manifestly in the scriptorium which produced the Vita S Lucii (CLA 7.943), since both manuscripts make use of parchment from the same half-uncial copy of the Prophets (see next item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1376.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1376.jpg 1377,999,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,7,916,"Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by the script (cf. CLA [3.**325](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/606); [5.572](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/936); [6.815](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1229)). Rewritten about 800, in some Rhaetian or possibly Alemannic centre, with two different texts: Caesarius' homilies, etc., and the Vita of the Rhaetian Saint Lucius. Both manuscripts were at St Gall in the ninth century, since they are mentioned in the old St Gall catalogue.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Ez, Dn, Os, Iocl, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi, Na, Hab, So, Agg, Za, Mal). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67060",,"Image from p. 153 of MS. 567",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0567,"Script is a beautiful early half-uncial: the second stroke of **N** is thin and sags. Greek words (p. 244) are written in Greek letters showing Latin influence.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1377,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1377,"Script is a beautiful early half-uncial: the second stroke of N is thin and sags. Greek words (p. 244) are written in Greek letters showing Latin influence.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by the script (cf. CLA 3.**325; 5.572; 6.815). Rewritten about 800, in some Rhaetian or possibly Alemannic centre, with two different texts: Caesarius' homilies, etc., and the Vita of the Rhaetian Saint Lucius. Both manuscripts were at St Gall in the ninth century, since they are mentioned in the old St Gall catalogue.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1377.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1377.jpg 1378,1000,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,7,917,"Written presumably in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (4, 233–236, 155–156); Eusebius Gallicanus, Homiliae (38–39); Isidorus, Synonyma (1–2); Ps- Augustinus, Homiliae (CPPM 1, 1095, 5318). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67061",,"Image shows the entire p. 179",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0194,"Script, mostly by one hand, is an irregular, somewhat cursive pre-Caroline minuscule, with strokes often failing to join, especially in **a** and **c**; **e** is tall; the lower bow of **g** is open and ends in a downward curve; the shaft of **h** leans to the left and is slightly curved; **i**-longa occurs initially; the ligature **ti** is normally used for hard ti.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. XIV.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1378,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1378,"Script, mostly by one hand, is an irregular, somewhat cursive pre-Caroline minuscule, with strokes often failing to join, especially in a and c; e is tall; the lower bow of g is open and ends in a downward curve; the shaft of h leans to the left and is slightly curved; i-longa occurs initially; the ligature ti is normally used for hard ti.
","Written presumably in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. XIV.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1378.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1378.jpg 1379,1001,"Half-Uncial verging on Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,7,918,"Written probably in Spain or Southern France, to judge by the Visigothic form of the abbreviation of 'Israel' and the striking resemblance in script to and practical agreement in size with [Vatic. MS Regin. Lat. 1024](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/125). The leaves were re-used for writing homilies presumably in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Prv, Ecl, Ct); Laterculus Notarum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67062",,"pp. 119 and 132",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0194,"Script is a not very calligraphic half-uncial of a late type with tall ascenders now club-shaped, now ending in wedges, and recalling Vatic. MS Regin. Lat. 1024 (CLA [1.111](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/125)): uncial **𐌾** seems the rule; **ꝺ** and **S** occur only here and there; **i**-longa used initially; the foot of **r** often curves to the right; the top of **T** bends down to the left; the **or** ligature occurs. The Laterculus notarum (p. 143–132, 134–141, 135–140 with p. 142–133 apparently blank) may be by the same hand."," ☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.",4,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1379,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1379,"Script is a not very calligraphic half-uncial of a late type with tall ascenders now club-shaped, now ending in wedges, and recalling Vatic. MS Regin. Lat. 1024 (CLA 1.111): uncial 𐌾 seems the rule; ꝺ and S occur only here and there; i-longa used initially; the foot of r often curves to the right; the top of T bends down to the left; the or ligature occurs. The Laterculus notarum (p. 143–132, 134–141, 135–140 with p. 142–133 apparently blank) may be by the same hand.
","Written probably in Spain or Southern France, to judge by the Visigothic form of the abbreviation of 'Israel' and the striking resemblance in script to and practical agreement in size with Vatic. MS Regin. Lat. 1024. The leaves were re-used for writing homilies presumably in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.
","☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1379.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1379.jpg 1380,1002,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,7,919,"Origin uncertain. The parchment was re-used in the eighth century for writing sermons, apparently, to judge by the script, in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.",0,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67063",,"Image shows the entire p. 223",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0194,"Script is irregular and debased uncial: the bow of **A** rises above the base-line; **q** is open at the top; the last stroke of **R** here and there resembles a bent knee, as in the Bobbio Missal (CLA [5.653](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1033)).","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. 23.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1380,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1380,"Script is irregular and debased uncial: the bow of A rises above the base-line; q is open at the top; the last stroke of R here and there resembles a bent knee, as in the Bobbio Missal (CLA 5.653).
","Origin uncertain. The parchment was re-used in the eighth century for writing sermons, apparently, to judge by the script, in some Swiss centre, most likely St Gall.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. 23.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1380.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1380.jpg 1381,1003,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,920,"Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the script. The familiar ex-libris 'lib' sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (32–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67064",,"pp. 139 and 3",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0210,"Script is roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **z** is tall; the **nt**-ligature occurs often in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; noteworthy is the ligature **ra** with the shoulder of **r** descending to form the right-hand stroke of **a**. Long entries saec. XII–XIII are seen on p. 1, 2, 136–138, 251–254.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1381,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1381,"Script is roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: open a is more frequent than a; z is tall; the nt-ligature occurs often in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; noteworthy is the ligature ra with the shoulder of r descending to form the right-hand stroke of a. Long entries saec. XII–XIII are seen on p. 1, 2, 136–138, 251–254.
","Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the script. The familiar ex-libris 'lib' sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1381.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1381.jpg 1382,1004,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,921,"Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by the script.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (13–22).",Parchment,,,"TM 67065",,"p. 41",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0212,"Script, by more than one scribe, is broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type recalling the manuscript of Prophets ordered by Bishop John II of Constance (St Gall 44, CLA [7.899](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1357)), but apparently of later date: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; the **nt**-ligature occurs in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti; in the uncial headings the oblique of **N** sometimes extends beyond the second upright as in St Gall MS 44. Probationes pennae (saec. IX and X) on p. 328, 329, 330",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1382,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1382,"Script, by more than one scribe, is broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type recalling the manuscript of Prophets ordered by Bishop John II of Constance (St Gall 44, CLA 7.899), but apparently of later date: open a is more frequent than a; the nt-ligature occurs in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard ti; in the uncial headings the oblique of N sometimes extends beyond the second upright as in St Gall MS 44. Probationes pennae (saec. IX and X) on p. 328, 329, 330
","Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1382.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1382.jpg 1383,1005,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,7,922,"Written probably at St Gall, and, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, by Liutfrit, who wrote several St Gall charters from 754 to 757.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi; Ps- Augustinus, Sermones; Etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67066",,"p. 173 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0213,"Script is a small, distinct pre-Caroline minuscule considered typical of Breisgau, and for the most part probably in the hand of Liutfrit, the scribe of several St Gall charters (e.g., the charter of 754): open **a** is the rule; the head of **g** is closed; **i**-longa is frequent initially; majuscule **N** occurs here and there at the beginning of words; the top of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; the **ro** ligature is noteworthy, as it ends in a dot above the **o**; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti; the script on part of p. 173 is in manifest imitation of Insular majuscule, even to the wedge-shaped ascenders. Probationes pennae in eighth century uncial and minuscule are seen on p. 114 and 178.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1383,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1383,"Script is a small, distinct pre-Caroline minuscule considered typical of Breisgau, and for the most part probably in the hand of Liutfrit, the scribe of several St Gall charters (e.g., the charter of 754): open a is the rule; the head of g is closed; i-longa is frequent initially; majuscule N occurs here and there at the beginning of words; the top of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; the ro ligature is noteworthy, as it ends in a dot above the o; ti ligature is used for hard ti; the script on part of p. 173 is in manifest imitation of Insular majuscule, even to the wedge-shaped ascenders. Probationes pennae in eighth century uncial and minuscule are seen on p. 114 and 178.
","Written probably at St Gall, and, in the opinion of Dr Bruckner, by Liutfrit, who wrote several St Gall charters from 754 to 757.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1383.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1383.jpg 1384,1006,Uncial,V,401,500,7,923,"Written in Africa. Rewritten with theological texts in the eighth century, presumably at St Gall (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1383)).",3,,,"Lactantius, Divinae Institutiones (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67067",,"p. 83 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0213,"Script is an excellent early uncial: the eye of **E** is open; **N** is broad; various ligatures occur at line-ends.","☛CLA provenance ('presumably Italy') changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1384,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1384,"Script is an excellent early uncial: the eye of E is open; N is broad; various ligatures occur at line-ends.
","Written in Africa. Rewritten with theological texts in the eighth century, presumably at St Gall (see preceding item).
","☛CLA provenance ('presumably Italy') changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1384.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1384.jpg 1385,1007,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,924,"Written presumably in France, probably in the North-east. Belonged to St Gall where it was dismembered to strengthen bindings. The Zürich leaves were taken from the binding of Zürich MS C 64; they have probably been in Zürich since 1712 when the St Gall manuscripts were transferred there.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (1–4, excerpts).",Parchment,,,"TM 67068",,"Image from St. Gall 214, pp. 11 and 40 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0214,"Script is an inexpert and ungainly attempt at a minuscule based on Merovingian charters and obviously of the same family as the Corbie a-b type: **b** is mostly accompanied by the tag characteristic of the a-b type, except on p. 41 and 57 which are by another less expert hand; the shafts of **b** and **l** bend near the foot; **m** and **n** are cramped; majuscule **N** is not infrequent; **u** is often a suprascript flourish, the sickle-shaped form on the line is used by a corrector on p. 10; ligatures are numerous. 'Requisitum est' in Notae Tironianae is entered in the lower right-hand corner of the last page of quires, as in several early Tours manuscripts (see CLA [5.682](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)).","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 29](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/048_tav029b.pdf).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1385,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1385,"Script is an inexpert and ungainly attempt at a minuscule based on Merovingian charters and obviously of the same family as the Corbie a-b type: b is mostly accompanied by the tag characteristic of the a-b type, except on p. 41 and 57 which are by another less expert hand; the shafts of b and l bend near the foot; m and n are cramped; majuscule N is not infrequent; u is often a suprascript flourish, the sickle-shaped form on the line is used by a corrector on p. 10; ligatures are numerous. 'Requisitum est' in Notae Tironianae is entered in the lower right-hand corner of the last page of quires, as in several early Tours manuscripts (see CLA 5.682).
","Written presumably in France, probably in the North-east. Belonged to St Gall where it was dismembered to strengthen bindings. The Zürich leaves were taken from the binding of Zürich MS C 64; they have probably been in Zürich since 1712 when the St Gall manuscripts were transferred there.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 29.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1385.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1385.jpg 1386,1008,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,925,"Written presumably at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region, to judge by the script.",,47.4245,9.3767,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis; Hieronymus, Epistulae (De Gradibus Sacerdotalibus).",Parchment,,,"TM 67069",,"p. 224 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0216,"Script is a minuscule of the round Alemannic type: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **z** is tall; ligatures with suprascript **a** are characteristic; the **nt** ligature occurs often in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for soft ti. Probationes pennae (p. 3 and 256) and corrections in ninth-century minuscule. Entries and drawings of a scabrous nature on the front fly-leaf. The manuscript has a Limoges enamel cover.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1386,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1386,"Script is a minuscule of the round Alemannic type: open a is more frequent than a; z is tall; ligatures with suprascript a are characteristic; the nt ligature occurs often in mid-word; ti ligature is used for soft ti. Probationes pennae (p. 3 and 256) and corrections in ninth-century minuscule. Entries and drawings of a scabrous nature on the front fly-leaf. The manuscript has a Limoges enamel cover.
","Written presumably at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region, to judge by the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1386.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1386.jpg 1388,1009,"Alemannic Minuscule and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,926,"Written in the Alemannic region, possibly at St Gall.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67070",,"p. 4 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0217,"Script is in part Alemannic minuscule, seemingly by an aged scribe: the form of **x** is noteworthy; the **at** ligature occurs even in mid-word; in part (p. 90 ff.) the script is crude Caroline minuscule. Numerous probationes pennae, saec. IX and X, with repetitions of the ABC-verse 'adnexique' (p. 250). Greek words in Latin characters, saec. X, occur on p. 86. The ten names of God (el, eloim, etc.) are entered, saec. X, on the blank space of p. 192.",,,,4,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1388,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1388,"Script is in part Alemannic minuscule, seemingly by an aged scribe: the form of x is noteworthy; the at ligature occurs even in mid-word; in part (p. 90 ff.) the script is crude Caroline minuscule. Numerous probationes pennae, saec. IX and X, with repetitions of the ABC-verse 'adnexique' (p. 250). Greek words in Latin characters, saec. X, occur on p. 86. The ten names of God (el, eloim, etc.) are entered, saec. X, on the blank space of p. 192.
","Written in the Alemannic region, possibly at St Gall.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1388.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1388.jpg 1389,1010,"Early Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,927,"Origin uncertain, apparently a Swiss centre under Burgundian and Insular influence, to judge by script, abbreviations, and initials. The manuscript seems copied from an Insular exemplar.",2,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae; Hieronymus, Homiliae; Augustinus, Homiliae; Faustus, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67071",,"pp. 239, 375",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0221,"Script is early minuscule, by two scribes: **a** is more frequent than open **a**, the suprascript form of **a** occurs often; **b** with horizontal tag occurs once; both **d** and **ꝺ** are used; **mi** and **ni** with subscript **i** are not infrequent; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A somewhat later Swiss hand wrote the last six lines of p. 212.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1389,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1389,"Script is early minuscule, by two scribes: a is more frequent than open a, the suprascript form of a occurs often; b with horizontal tag occurs once; both d and ꝺ are used; mi and ni with subscript i are not infrequent; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A somewhat later Swiss hand wrote the last six lines of p. 212.
","Origin uncertain, apparently a Swiss centre under Burgundian and Insular influence, to judge by script, abbreviations, and initials. The manuscript seems copied from an Insular exemplar.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1389.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1389.jpg 1390,1011,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",760,797,7,928,"Written at St Gall, to judge by the script. A hint as to the date is given by the paschal table on p. 114–116 which extends from 760 to 797; the cross opposite the year 773 may point to the exact date of writing.",,,,"Isidorus, Differentiae, Allegoriae; Computus; Eucherius, Instructiones; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67072",,"pp. 141 and 318",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0225,"Script is a roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several scribes: the **nt** ligature occurs often in mid-word. Numerous corrections by contemporary hands; in large parts of the manuscript chapters were numbered by the St Gall scribe Winithar who also added some headings (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)). The Catechism on p. 461–473 is by a somewhat later hand; likewise the Passio SS Felicis et Regulae on p. 473–478.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1390,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1390,"Script is a roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several scribes: the nt ligature occurs often in mid-word. Numerous corrections by contemporary hands; in large parts of the manuscript chapters were numbered by the St Gall scribe Winithar who also added some headings (see CLA 7.893a). The Catechism on p. 461–473 is by a somewhat later hand; likewise the Passio SS Felicis et Regulae on p. 473–478.
","Written at St Gall, to judge by the script. A hint as to the date is given by the paschal table on p. 114–116 which extends from 760 to 797; the cross opposite the year 773 may point to the exact date of writing.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1390.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1390.jpg 1391,1012,Uncial,VII²,651,700,7,929,"Written apparently in South France, to judge by the script and the Visigothic abbreviation of 'per' in the text. Was seen at St Gall in the beginning of the fifteenth century by the papal secretary Cencio Rustici. The Zürich leaf was probably removed when the St Gall manuscripts were transported to Zürich during the war of Toggenburg in 1712.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma (2.50–103); Eusebius Gallicanus, Homiliae (37, 38).",Parchment,,,"TM 61324",,"pp. 24 and 35 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0226,"Script is uncial by two scribes of different skill and training: one uses an **A** with a long pointed bow almost resting on the line; **𐌾** has a short tail; **LL** run together; the third stroke of **N** (in one hand) is distinctly comma-shaped; the bow of **R** (in one hand) is low and open. Small contemporary corrections in fine cursive on p. 11 and 35. Probationes pennae ('adnexique', etc.) in minuscule saec. VIII–IX and a prayer in barbarous Latin written in Merovingian cursive minuscule saec. VIII stand on p. A.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1391,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1391,"Script is uncial by two scribes of different skill and training: one uses an A with a long pointed bow almost resting on the line; 𐌾 has a short tail; LL run together; the third stroke of N (in one hand) is distinctly comma-shaped; the bow of R (in one hand) is low and open. Small contemporary corrections in fine cursive on p. 11 and 35. Probationes pennae ('adnexique', etc.) in minuscule saec. VIII–IX and a prayer in barbarous Latin written in Merovingian cursive minuscule saec. VIII stand on p. A.
","Written apparently in South France, to judge by the script and the Visigothic abbreviation of 'per' in the text. Was seen at St Gall in the beginning of the fifteenth century by the papal secretary Cencio Rustici. The Zürich leaf was probably removed when the St Gall manuscripts were transported to Zürich during the war of Toggenburg in 1712.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1391.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1391.jpg 1392,1013,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,930,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript was written in the centre that produced St Gall MS 108 and the group of manuscripts associated with it (see CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363)). Verona is suggested by the abbreviation for 'misericordia' and by the presence of the rhythmic hexameters on p. 144 in which Egino, bishop of Verona (796–799), is spoken of as 'eximius pastor' 'qui hoc iussit patrare istique librum nomen Egini'; but both may come from the exemplar, and the position of the poem in the manuscript strongly favours such a view. A centre north of the Alps is not to be excluded. The manuscript appears in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.",0,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (epitome); Isidorus, Sententiae, De Officiis Ecclesiasticis (epitomes).",Parchment,,,"TM 67074",,"pp. 124 and 193",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0227,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type (cf. CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363) and the group of manuscripts listed there): the characteristic letter is **r** with its shoulder turned firmly up; open **a** is the rule; **i**-longa is used initially ('Ieiunia'); ascenders and descenders are long; the **ti** ligature is used for soft ti. Some Old High German names were entered, saec. IX, on p. 1 and 2.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1392,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1392,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type (cf. CLA 7.905 and the group of manuscripts listed there): the characteristic letter is r with its shoulder turned firmly up; open a is the rule; i-longa is used initially ('Ieiunia'); ascenders and descenders are long; the ti ligature is used for soft ti. Some Old High German names were entered, saec. IX, on p. 1 and 2.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript was written in the centre that produced St Gall MS 108 and the group of manuscripts associated with it (see CLA 7.905). Verona is suggested by the abbreviation for 'misericordia' and by the presence of the rhythmic hexameters on p. 144 in which Egino, bishop of Verona (796–799), is spoken of as 'eximius pastor' 'qui hoc iussit patrare istique librum nomen Egini'; but both may come from the exemplar, and the position of the poem in the manuscript strongly favours such a view. A centre north of the Alps is not to be excluded. The manuscript appears in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1392.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1392.jpg 1393,1014,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,931,"Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.",,47.4245,9.3767,"Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67075",,"pp. 182 and 208 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0228,"Script is early minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several hands, some round and broad, but the hand on p. 111 ff. is more cramped: open **a** is more common than **a**, **d** than **ꝺ**; the shaft of **h** occasionally bends to the left; **o** here and there ends in a fine line above it; **z** is tall; noteworthy is the **ra** ligature, with the shoulder of **r** forming the main stroke of **a**; other ligatures include **at** (with suprascript **a**), **nt** (used in mid-word), and **ti** ligature (used for hard and soft ti). The lozenge-shaped **O** occurs in capitals. Corrections by a ninth-century hand.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1393,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1393,"Script is early minuscule of the Alemannic type, by several hands, some round and broad, but the hand on p. 111 ff. is more cramped: open a is more common than a, d than ꝺ; the shaft of h occasionally bends to the left; o here and there ends in a fine line above it; z is tall; noteworthy is the ra ligature, with the shoulder of r forming the main stroke of a; other ligatures include at (with suprascript a), nt (used in mid-word), and ti ligature (used for hard and soft ti). The lozenge-shaped O occurs in capitals. Corrections by a ninth-century hand.
","Written no doubt at St Gall, to judge by the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1393.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1393.jpg 1394,1015,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,932,"Written in the same Swiss scriptorium as CLA [7.967b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1430). Left unfinished, it was completed in stages during the ninth century.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67076",,"p. 9 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0229,"Script, by several scribes, is a stately minuscule, in part roundish, in part of a distinctly Rhaetian cast: the **nt** ligature occurs often in mid-word.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1394,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1394,"Script, by several scribes, is a stately minuscule, in part roundish, in part of a distinctly Rhaetian cast: the nt ligature occurs often in mid-word.
","Written in the same Swiss scriptorium as CLA 7.967b. Left unfinished, it was completed in stages during the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1394.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1394.jpg 1395,1016,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,933,"Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the similarity with parts of [St Gall MS 40](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1356). Two thirteenth-century St Gall ex-libris are seen on p. 1.",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (epitome); Isidorus (epitome); Eucherius, Instructiones, Formulae Spirituales; Defensor, Liber Scintillarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67077",,"p. 420 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0230,"Script is roundish Alemannic minuscule, and, apart from the last pages, by one neat and careful scribe; his small script is similar to that of St Gall MS 40 (CLA [7.898](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1356)): the **nt** ligature often occurs in mid-word. Later hands, saec. VIII–IX, wrote p. 564 ff. The whole manuscript was executed with much care.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1395,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1395,"Script is roundish Alemannic minuscule, and, apart from the last pages, by one neat and careful scribe; his small script is similar to that of St Gall MS 40 (CLA 7.898): the nt ligature often occurs in mid-word. Later hands, saec. VIII–IX, wrote p. 564 ff. The whole manuscript was executed with much care.
","Written apparently at St Gall, to judge by the similarity with parts of St Gall MS 40. Two thirteenth-century St Gall ex-libris are seen on p. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1395.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1395.jpg 1396,1017,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,934,"Written at St Gall by the scribe Winithar, who speaks of himself as 'peccator et inmerito ordinatus presbyter' (p. 493). Mentioned in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.",,,,"Winithar, Liber Collectaneus; Hieronymus (epitome); Isidorus, Etymologiae, Synonyma, De Natura Rerum, Sententiae (1.8.1–18); Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus; Eucherius, Instructiones; Ps- Seneca, De Moribus; Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Sm, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67078",,"p. 9 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0238,"Script is Winithar's peculiar pre-Caroline minuscule (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)), more or less well written at different stages of his career: noteworthy is the open bow of **q**. The scribe names himself several times (p. 178, 181, 305, and 493), apparently a little proud of his performance.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1396,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1396,"Script is Winithar's peculiar pre-Caroline minuscule (see CLA 7.893a), more or less well written at different stages of his career: noteworthy is the open bow of q. The scribe names himself several times (p. 178, 181, 305, and 493), apparently a little proud of his performance.
","Written at St Gall by the scribe Winithar, who speaks of himself as 'peccator et inmerito ordinatus presbyter' (p. 493). Mentioned in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1396.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1396.jpg 1397,1018,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,935,"Written in the same Swiss centre as St Gall MS 133 (CLA [7.911](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1371)), possibly at St Gall.",,,,"Beda, In Actus Apostolorum, In Apocalypsin.",Parchment,,,"TM 67079",,"pp. 162 and 227",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0259,"Script is early minuscule by several hands, some clearly Alemannic; the hand on p. 3 ff. is very similar to the hand of St Gall MS 133, pp. 209–15 (see CLA [7.911](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1371)): both open **a** and **a** are used; **g** is often top-heavy; the shaft of **h** occasionally bends to the left; the top of **ꞇ** is often looped to the left; **o** occasionally has a horn-like hair-line at the top, as in Merovingian cursive; the **nt** ligature occurs even in mid-word; **ti** ligature stands for hard and soft ti.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1397,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1397,"Script is early minuscule by several hands, some clearly Alemannic; the hand on p. 3 ff. is very similar to the hand of St Gall MS 133, pp. 209–15 (see CLA 7.911): both open a and a are used; g is often top-heavy; the shaft of h occasionally bends to the left; the top of ꞇ is often looped to the left; o occasionally has a horn-like hair-line at the top, as in Merovingian cursive; the nt ligature occurs even in mid-word; ti ligature stands for hard and soft ti.
","Written in the same Swiss centre as St Gall MS 133 (CLA 7.911), possibly at St Gall.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1397.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1397.jpg 1398,1019,"Rhaetian Minuscule","VIII ex–IX in (796 - 824)",796,824,7,936,"Written in an important Rhaetian scriptorium, and most probably at Chur. The name of a Bishop Remedius is entered in the commemoration of the living in a contemporary addition in red uncial at the bottom of p. 368368: 'MEMENTO DNE FAMULI TUI REMEDII EPI ET . . .'. This commemoration, of which the last three words seem to show another ductus, refers no doubt to the Bishop Remedius who, although his exact dates are unknown, was certainly bishop of Chur in the year 800. The manuscript was at St Gall as early as the second half of the ninth century, as corrections and annotations show.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67080",,"pp. 154 and 306 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0348,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule in which **a** and **t** resemble Beneventan and Visigothic open **a** and **at** ligature; the Caroline form of **a** occurs only here and there; the shaft of **h** occasionally leans to the left and ends in a curve; the **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the form of uncial **N** in titles is noteworthy. The manuscript was corrected throughout in the second half of the ninth century by a St Gall scholar, probably by Abbot Hartmut himself. Neumes were added over some prayers.","☛Gamber, CLLA 830. ☛Corpus Orationum I (CCSL 160) p. liii [348] descr. ☛CLA date altered from c. 800, cf. Corpus Orationum III (Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina 160 B), p. xliii).",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1398,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398,"Script is a well-formed typical Rhaetian minuscule in which a and t resemble Beneventan and Visigothic open a and at ligature; the Caroline form of a occurs only here and there; the shaft of h occasionally leans to the left and ends in a curve; the ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the form of uncial N in titles is noteworthy. The manuscript was corrected throughout in the second half of the ninth century by a St Gall scholar, probably by Abbot Hartmut himself. Neumes were added over some prayers.
","Written in an important Rhaetian scriptorium, and most probably at Chur. The name of a Bishop Remedius is entered in the commemoration of the living in a contemporary addition in red uncial at the bottom of p. 368368: 'MEMENTO DNE FAMULI TUI REMEDII EPI ET . . .'. This commemoration, of which the last three words seem to show another ductus, refers no doubt to the Bishop Remedius who, although his exact dates are unknown, was certainly bishop of Chur in the year 800. The manuscript was at St Gall as early as the second half of the ninth century, as corrections and annotations show.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 830. ☛Corpus Orationum I (CCSL 160) p. liii [348] descr. ☛CLA date altered from c. 800, cf. Corpus Orationum III (Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina 160 B), p. xliii).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1398.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1398.jpg 1399,1020,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,937,"Written most likely at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region.",,,,Orationes.,Parchment,,,"TM 67081",,"Image shows the entire p. 25",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0349,"Script is a big roundish, typical Alemannic minuscule: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; the **nt** ligature occurs often in mid-word.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1399,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1399,"Script is a big roundish, typical Alemannic minuscule: open a is more frequent than a; the nt ligature occurs often in mid-word.
","Written most likely at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1399.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1399.jpg 1400,1021,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,938,"Written most likely at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1399)).",,,,"Statuta Liturgica et Monastica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67082",,"Image shows the entire p. 39",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0349,"Script is a typical roundish Alemannic minuscule: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; the shoulder of **r** often extends over following **i**; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A somewhat later entry on the lower half of p. 118 and on p. 119 is also in the Alemannic type. A carefully drawn pen-and-ink sketch of a hand in gesture of blessing stands in the lower margin of p. 116.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1400,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1400,"Script is a typical roundish Alemannic minuscule: open a is more frequent than a; the shoulder of r often extends over following i; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A somewhat later entry on the lower half of p. 118 and on p. 119 is also in the Alemannic type. A carefully drawn pen-and-ink sketch of a hand in gesture of blessing stands in the lower margin of p. 116.
","Written most likely at St Gall, certainly in the Lake Constance region (see preceding item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1400.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1400.jpg 1401,1022,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,939,"Written in the Rhaetian scriptorium that produced the famous Gelasian Sacramentary, St Gall MS 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)), most probably Chur. Later history unknown.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67083",,"Image shows the entire p. 92",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0350,"Script is a roundish, typical Rhaetian minuscule resembling Beneventan and Visigothic in its forms of **a** and **t**; the uncial form of **a** is also used; **g** is longish, the top forms a closed loop to the left; **z** has a striking form going far below the line; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti; the form of uncial **N** is noteworthy.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1401,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1401,"Script is a roundish, typical Rhaetian minuscule resembling Beneventan and Visigothic in its forms of a and t; the uncial form of a is also used; g is longish, the top forms a closed loop to the left; z has a striking form going far below the line; ti ligature is used for hard ti; the form of uncial N is noteworthy.
","Written in the Rhaetian scriptorium that produced the famous Gelasian Sacramentary, St Gall MS 348 (CLA 7.936), most probably Chur. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1401.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1401.jpg 1402,1023,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,940,"Written doubtless at St Gall, as script shows.",,,,"Passiones et Vitae Sanctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67084",,"pp. 14 and 67 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0548,"Script is minuscule mainly of the late Alemannic type, by several scribes, one of whom, according to Dr A. Bruckner, may be the Waldo whose script is known from St Gall charters: both open **a** and **a** are used, also the suprascript form; **u** is occasionally a suprascript flourish and resembles a long **S** when in ligature with **i**; the hand on p. 67–75 approaches the Rhaetian type; ligatures are numerous: **nt** occurs often in mid-word, **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A table of contents by two hands, saec. IX², stands on p. 3, originally left blank. Many corrections, saec. IX.","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1402,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1402,"Script is minuscule mainly of the late Alemannic type, by several scribes, one of whom, according to Dr A. Bruckner, may be the Waldo whose script is known from St Gall charters: both open a and a are used, also the suprascript form; u is occasionally a suprascript flourish and resembles a long S when in ligature with i; the hand on p. 67–75 approaches the Rhaetian type; ligatures are numerous: nt occurs often in mid-word, ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A table of contents by two hands, saec. IX², stands on p. 3, originally left blank. Many corrections, saec. IX.
","Written doubtless at St Gall, as script shows.
","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1402.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1402.jpg 1403,1024,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,941,"Origin uncertain. The type of script is not that of St Gall, but points rather to a centre in Eastern France.",0,,,"Vita S Marcellini.",Parchment,,,"TM 67085",,"Image from the opening, pp. 58-59 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0549,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with open **a** and **a**, **ꝺ** and **d**, **N** and **n**, **s** and **ꞅ**, but **ꝺ**, **n**, and **ꞅ** predominate. Corrected throughout by a St Gall hand of the second half of the ninth century, possibly that of Hartmut; the same hand corrected St Gall MS 348 (CLA [7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)).",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1403,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1403,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with open a and a, ꝺ and d, N and n, s and ꞅ, but ꝺ, n, and ꞅ predominate. Corrected throughout by a St Gall hand of the second half of the ninth century, possibly that of Hartmut; the same hand corrected St Gall MS 348 (CLA 7.936).
","Origin uncertain. The type of script is not that of St Gall, but points rather to a centre in Eastern France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1403.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1403.jpg 1404,1025,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,942,"Written presumably in North-eastern France, to judge by the script, perhaps in the centre which produced Utrecht, Universiteits-Biblioteek MS 1003 and, probably a little earlier, Boulogne MS 42 (47) (see CLA [6.736](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141), and also [748](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1156)).",,,,"Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini (1–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67086",,"Image shows the entire p. 378",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0552,"Script is a characteristic late pre-Caroline minuscule with a tendency to angularity: the shoulder of **r** turns upward; ascenders and descenders are rather long. The numeral VI on p. 366 has the old ligature form. The added heading on p. 352 in ninth-century Rustic capitals is decidedly French.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1404,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1404,"Script is a characteristic late pre-Caroline minuscule with a tendency to angularity: the shoulder of r turns upward; ascenders and descenders are rather long. The numeral VI on p. 366 has the old ligature form. The added heading on p. 352 in ninth-century Rustic capitals is decidedly French.
","Written presumably in North-eastern France, to judge by the script, perhaps in the centre which produced Utrecht, Universiteits-Biblioteek MS 1003 and, probably a little earlier, Boulogne MS 42 (47) (see CLA 6.736, and also 748).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1404.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1404.jpg 1405,1026,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,943,"Written in some Rhaetian centre or possibly by a Rhaetian scribe working in an Alemannic centre, since it was manifestly produced in the same scriptorium as St Gall MS 193 (CLA [7.915](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1376)). The text of the 'Vita S Lucii' doubtless originates in Chur, the seat of that saint's cult. The manuscript presumably was at St Gall in the ninth century, since a copy of the 'Vita S Lucii' is listed in the extant catalogue of that time.",,,,"Vita S Lucii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67087",,"p. 135 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0567,"Script is a typical, though not very calligraphic Rhaetian minuscule: both open **a** and **a** are used; uncial **ꝺ** occurs here and there; **ꞇ** has two forms, the characteristic Rhaetian and the Caroline, with the former often corrected to the Caroline; the **nt** ligature is used in mid-word. The ABC-verse 'adnexique globum', etc., is scratched in on p. 134 and also entered on p. 135.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1405,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1405,"Script is a typical, though not very calligraphic Rhaetian minuscule: both open a and a are used; uncial ꝺ occurs here and there; ꞇ has two forms, the characteristic Rhaetian and the Caroline, with the former often corrected to the Caroline; the nt ligature is used in mid-word. The ABC-verse 'adnexique globum', etc., is scratched in on p. 134 and also entered on p. 135.
","Written in some Rhaetian centre or possibly by a Rhaetian scribe working in an Alemannic centre, since it was manifestly produced in the same scriptorium as St Gall MS 193 (CLA 7.915). The text of the 'Vita S Lucii' doubtless originates in Chur, the seat of that saint's cult. The manuscript presumably was at St Gall in the ninth century, since a copy of the 'Vita S Lucii' is listed in the extant catalogue of that time.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1405.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1405.jpg 1406,1027,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,944,"Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by the script.",,,,"Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67088",,"p. 191 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0567,"Script is a roundish minuscule of Alemannic type recalling the hand of the St Gall scribe Waldo: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **a** in ligature with **t** occurs suprascript at line-end; other ligatures used are **nt** (often in mid-word), **te**, **tr**, **tu**, **ti** (for hard and soft ti). The lost beginning of this treatise was supplied on p. 164–170 by ninth-century St Gall hands; at the bottom of p. 170 stands the note 'uerte folium et sic hoc sequenti coniunge'.","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1406,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1406,"Script is a roundish minuscule of Alemannic type recalling the hand of the St Gall scribe Waldo: open a is more frequent than a; a in ligature with t occurs suprascript at line-end; other ligatures used are nt (often in mid-word), te, tr, tu, ti (for hard and soft ti). The lost beginning of this treatise was supplied on p. 164–170 by ninth-century St Gall hands; at the bottom of p. 170 stands the note 'uerte folium et sic hoc sequenti coniunge'.
","Written doubtless at St Gall, to judge by the script.
","☛Written by Abbot Waldo (John 1995).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1406.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1406.jpg 1407,1028,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,945,"Written in North Italy, apparently in the eastern part, to judge by the presence of Veronese features. Belonged to St Gall already in the ninth century, as the corrections show. The ex-libris ‘lib ᷤ sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.",,,,"Paulus Diaconus, Historia Langobardorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67089",,"pp. 62 and 164",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0635,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Italian type, by many hands, some recalling the Veronese script practised in the time of Pacificus: noteworthy are the pointed **a** and the flat-topped **g** used by some scribes; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially; **r** often has a small base. A ninth-century St Gall hand thoroughly corrected the manuscript and erased certain passages.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1407,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1407,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Italian type, by many hands, some recalling the Veronese script practised in the time of Pacificus: noteworthy are the pointed a and the flat-topped g used by some scribes; i-longa occurs initially and medially; r often has a small base. A ninth-century St Gall hand thoroughly corrected the manuscript and erased certain passages.
","Written in North Italy, apparently in the eastern part, to judge by the presence of Veronese features. Belonged to St Gall already in the ninth century, as the corrections show. The ex-libris ‘lib ᷤ sci galli' (saec. XIII) stands on p. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1407.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1407.jpg 1408,1029,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,946,"Written in the same Rhaetian centre which produced [Stuttgart MS HB. VI.113](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1861), and probably at Chur, since Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is mentioned in the Capitula Remedii. The volume has retained its original stamped leather binding. It is listed in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.",,,,"Iulianus, Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani; Lex Romana Curiensis; Capitula Remedii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67090",,"pp. 143 and 51",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0722,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule closely akin to the script of [Stuttgart MS HB. VI.113](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1861) (Canonum collectio Andecavensis): open **a** is more frequent than **a**; the shaft of **h** curves to the right in one hand; **ꞇ** has the typical Rhaetian form; ligatures include **co**, **fi** (in the Italian form), **ma** and **na** (with the sickle-shaped form of **a** joined high to the preceding letter, **m ᷤ**, p. 27, 170), **ti** (for hard and soft ti); the cross-stroke of uncial **N** extends beyond the second upright; part of p. 235 is by an older hand and shows an early stage of the style. A prayer in ninth-century minuscule is seen on p. 16.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1408,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1408,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule closely akin to the script of Stuttgart MS HB. VI.113 (Canonum collectio Andecavensis): open a is more frequent than a; the shaft of h curves to the right in one hand; ꞇ has the typical Rhaetian form; ligatures include co, fi (in the Italian form), ma and na (with the sickle-shaped form of a joined high to the preceding letter, m ᷤ, p. 27, 170), ti (for hard and soft ti); the cross-stroke of uncial N extends beyond the second upright; part of p. 235 is by an older hand and shows an early stage of the style. A prayer in ninth-century minuscule is seen on p. 16.
","Written in the same Rhaetian centre which produced Stuttgart MS HB. VI.113, and probably at Chur, since Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is mentioned in the Capitula Remedii. The volume has retained its original stamped leather binding. It is listed in the St Gall catalogue of 1461.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1408.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1408.jpg 1409,1030,Half-Uncial,"VI in",501,525,7,947,"Written in Italy, and probably in the North. Rewritten in a Rhaetian centre, presumably at Chur, in the time of Bishop Remedius (ca. 800).",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, Expositio in Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67091",,"p. 257 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0722,"Script is a graceful, fluent, and rapid half-uncial, apparently by more than one scribe: **a** is wide open; **c** is tall and leans to the right; **Ᵹ** is rather big; **i**-longa is used initially and often in mid-word after a preceding **Ᵹ**, **r**, and **ꞇ** without lifting the pen; the cross stroke of **N** sags and touches the second upright in its middle; the bow of **q** is either longish and shallow, or open; final **ꞅ** slopes at line-end; **u** is occasionally cup-shaped and suprascript; letters often do not stand on the line but appear transected by it. Greek words are written in the script of the text: 'sfodra' (p. 132).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1409,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1409,"Script is a graceful, fluent, and rapid half-uncial, apparently by more than one scribe: a is wide open; c is tall and leans to the right; Ᵹ is rather big; i-longa is used initially and often in mid-word after a preceding Ᵹ, r, and ꞇ without lifting the pen; the cross stroke of N sags and touches the second upright in its middle; the bow of q is either longish and shallow, or open; final ꞅ slopes at line-end; u is occasionally cup-shaped and suprascript; letters often do not stand on the line but appear transected by it. Greek words are written in the script of the text: 'sfodra' (p. 132).
","Written in Italy, and probably in the North. Rewritten in a Rhaetian centre, presumably at Chur, in the time of Bishop Remedius (ca. 800).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1409.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1409.jpg 1410,1031,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,948,"Written no doubt in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script, and presumably at Chur, to judge from the company these leaves keep (see CLA [7.946](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1408)).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, 2 Esr 6.2–7.9, 9.18–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 67092",,"p. 260 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0722,"Script is an early example of the Rhaetian type of minuscule: **a** is open; **Ᵹ** has the contracted half-uncial form and stands almost on the line; both **R** and **r** occur; **ꞇ** has the Rhaetian form in its early stage; there was an attempt to wash off the present script, apparently for the purpose of using the membrane again.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1410,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1410,"Script is an early example of the Rhaetian type of minuscule: a is open; Ᵹ has the contracted half-uncial form and stands almost on the line; both R and r occur; ꞇ has the Rhaetian form in its early stage; there was an attempt to wash off the present script, apparently for the purpose of using the membrane again.
","Written no doubt in a Rhaetian centre, to judge by the script, and presumably at Chur, to judge from the company these leaves keep (see CLA 7.946).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1410.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1410.jpg 1411,1032,Uncial,VII²,651,700,7,949,"Written presumably in the Lombard kingdom, and probably not far from Bobbio. Dismembered at St Gall to reinforce bindings.",,,,"Edictus Rothari (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67093",,"Image from St. Gall, pp. 20 and 11",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0730,"Script is a bold uncial of late type, by more than one hand: the bow of **A** often rises above the line; **ꝺ** is mostly open; noteworthy is the form of **X** in which the lower left branch sweeps to the right; ascenders and descenders are long; the shafts of **F**, **h**, and **L** often have a serif curved to the left. Consecutive **C**'s in numerals have a common upper stroke, as in ancient cursive. Most of the St Gall fragments are much stained by reagent.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1411,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1411,"Script is a bold uncial of late type, by more than one hand: the bow of A often rises above the line; ꝺ is mostly open; noteworthy is the form of X in which the lower left branch sweeps to the right; ascenders and descenders are long; the shafts of F, h, and L often have a serif curved to the left. Consecutive C's in numerals have a common upper stroke, as in ancient cursive. Most of the St Gall fragments are much stained by reagent.
","Written presumably in the Lombard kingdom, and probably not far from Bobbio. Dismembered at St Gall to reinforce bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1411.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1411.jpg 1412,1033,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (793)",793,793,7,950,"Written probably in Western Switzerland by Wandalgarius, presumably a notary, to judge by the recognition sign, who finished his task on November 1, 793.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum; Lex Salica; Lex Alamannorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67094",,"pp. 130 and 217 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0731,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a stiff Burgundian type: open **a** is used more often than **a**; the form of **g** is striking; the top of **ꞇ** mostly loops to the left; ascenders and descenders are long; numerous ligatures include **ar**, **aꞇ**, and other combinations; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti. The scribe Wandalgarius signs himself and gives his date on the last page (342) where he adds the recognition sign in the manner of notaries (see also p. 234).","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 43](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/066_tav043c.pdf)",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1412,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1412,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of a stiff Burgundian type: open a is used more often than a; the form of g is striking; the top of ꞇ mostly loops to the left; ascenders and descenders are long; numerous ligatures include ar, aꞇ, and other combinations; ti ligature is used for hard ti. The scribe Wandalgarius signs himself and gives his date on the last page (342) where he adds the recognition sign in the manner of notaries (see also p. 234).
","Written probably in Western Switzerland by Wandalgarius, presumably a notary, to judge by the recognition sign, who finished his task on November 1, 793.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 43
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1412.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1412.jpg 1413,1034,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,951,"Written in North Italy, probably at Verona, to judge by the script. The exemplar most likely was Insular.",,45.4384,10.9916,"Priscianus, Institutio Grammatica (1–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67095",,"p. 188 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0903,"Script by several hands is an early Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type: **g** has several forms, among them the one with the longish flat top characteristic of Verona; **i**-longa occurs initially; a v-shaped **u** occurs at the end of words. Numerous erasures and corrections, some contemporary, some saec. IX and XII. Probationes pennae saec. IX-XI on p. 1, originally left blank. Neumes on the last page.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1413,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1413,"Script by several hands is an early Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type: g has several forms, among them the one with the longish flat top characteristic of Verona; i-longa occurs initially; a v-shaped u occurs at the end of words. Numerous erasures and corrections, some contemporary, some saec. IX and XII. Probationes pennae saec. IX-XI on p. 1, originally left blank. Neumes on the last page.
","Written in North Italy, probably at Verona, to judge by the script. The exemplar most likely was Insular.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1413.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1413.jpg 1414,1035,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,952,"Written at St Gall by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey.",,,,"Winithar, Glossarium; History of the World; Extracts of Apostolic Letters.",Parchment,,,"TM 67096",,"p. 67 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0907,"Script is the familiar minuscule of Winithar's hand (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)). Some additions made by ninth-century hands.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1414,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1414,"Script is the familiar minuscule of Winithar's hand (see CLA 7.893a). Some additions made by ninth-century hands.
","Written at St Gall by Winithar, the well-known scribe of that abbey.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1414.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1414.jpg 1415,1036,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,953,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in Switzerland, in the centre which produced [Einsiedeln MS 339](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1331). The Zürich leaves were probably separated from the volume when many St Gall manuscripts were removed to Zürich in the Toggenburg War of 1712. The primary texts in this palimpsest were discovered in 1823 by B. G. Niebuhr.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma, Differentiae (1-3), Sententiae (3.61); Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (188); Ps- Augustinus, Homiliae (382).",Parchment,,,"TM 67097",,"pp. 33 and 98 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is an early minuscule by one hand (except p. 97–98) which is perhaps identical with that of Amprosius in Einsiedeln MS 339 (CLA [7.877](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1331)); it uses open **a** and **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**, flat-topped **g**, **h** with the shaft occasionally bent to the left; barred **z** occurs (p. 280); **ti** ligature here and there for hard or soft ti; in the distinctly different hand on p. 97/98 the forms of **g**, **r**, and **ꞇ** are noteworthy; the second **p** in ꝓpitii (p. 122) resembles North Italian cursive.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. XV; earlier scripts: LDAB 8367–8379, 8432.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1415,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415,"Script is an early minuscule by one hand (except p. 97–98) which is perhaps identical with that of Amprosius in Einsiedeln MS 339 (CLA 7.877); it uses open a and a, d and ꝺ, flat-topped g, h with the shaft occasionally bent to the left; barred z occurs (p. 280); ti ligature here and there for hard or soft ti; in the distinctly different hand on p. 97/98 the forms of g, r, and ꞇ are noteworthy; the second p in ꝓpitii (p. 122) resembles North Italian cursive.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in Switzerland, in the centre which produced Einsiedeln MS 339. The Zürich leaves were probably separated from the volume when many St Gall manuscripts were removed to Zürich in the Toggenburg War of 1712. The primary texts in this palimpsest were discovered in 1823 by B. G. Niebuhr.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. XV; earlier scripts: LDAB 8367–8379, 8432.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1415.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1415.jpg 1416,1037,Uncial,VII,601,700,7,954,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript was palimpsested about 800 in some North Italian or Swiss centre to make room for patristic texts and glossaries.",0,,,"Corpus Fidei Catholicae (Concilium Arausicanum 2; Epistula Leonis Magnus ad Flavianum; Etc.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67098",,"Image shows the entire p. 299",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is curiously small uncial, somewhat inclined to the left: the **ae** ligature occurs even in mid-line; in the **et** ligature the tongue of **E** is prolonged to form the top of **ꞇ**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1416,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1416,"Script is curiously small uncial, somewhat inclined to the left: the ae ligature occurs even in mid-line; in the et ligature the tongue of E is prolonged to form the top of ꞇ.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript was palimpsested about 800 in some North Italian or Swiss centre to make room for patristic texts and glossaries.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1416.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1416.jpg 1417,1038,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII–VIII,601,800,7,955,"It seems Italian.",,,,"Liturgia Secundum Usum Ecclesiae Mediolanensis (Antiphonarium Ambrosianum). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67099",,"Script is too thoroughly obliterated for description or reproduction ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Double palimpsest, intermediate script (for the lowermost scripts, see the next two items, [7.956](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1418), [957](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1419) and [1018](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1289); for the uppermost script, see [953](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415)). Script is too thoroughly obliterated for description or reproduction.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. 24.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1417,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1417,"Double palimpsest, intermediate script (for the lowermost scripts, see the next two items, 7.956, 957 and 1018; for the uppermost script, see 953). Script is too thoroughly obliterated for description or reproduction.
","It seems Italian.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 52 no. 24.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1417.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1417.jpg 1418,1039,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,7,956,,,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps 45–47, 50, 80, 81).",Parchment,,,"TM 67100",,"Script is utterly ruined, so that neither description nor facsimile can be given",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Double palimpsest, lowermost script (for the intermediate and uppermost scripts, see CLA [7.955](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1417) and [953](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1415)). Script is utterly ruined by reagents so that neither description nor facsimile can be given.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1418,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1418,"Double palimpsest, lowermost script (for the intermediate and uppermost scripts, see CLA 7.955 and 953). Script is utterly ruined by reagents so that neither description nor facsimile can be given.
",,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1418.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1418.jpg 1419,1040,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,7,957,"Written in all probability in North Italy, to judge by the script and the abbreviation of Christus. Rewritten with Milan liturgy ca. 700, probably in North Italy, and again with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1–2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1–2 Th, 1–2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 67101",,"Image shows the entire p. 77",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a careful uncial apparently by a hand accustomed to writing Gothic: **A**, **N**, **O**, and **T** follow the Greek canon; the form of the **R** with the stem extending below the line and the final stroke shortened is especially reminiscent of Gothic uncial. Smaller uncial is used for the prologues to the Epistles.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1419,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1419,"Script is a careful uncial apparently by a hand accustomed to writing Gothic: A, N, O, and T follow the Greek canon; the form of the R with the stem extending below the line and the final stroke shortened is especially reminiscent of Gothic uncial. Smaller uncial is used for the prologues to the Epistles.
","Written in all probability in North Italy, to judge by the script and the abbreviation of Christus. Rewritten with Milan liturgy ca. 700, probably in North Italy, and again with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1419.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1419.jpg 1420,1041,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,7,958,"Written in all probability in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries in North Italy or Switzerland ca. 800.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (Exhortationes et Preces Matutinales).",Parchment,,,"TM 67102",,"Image shows the entire p. 93",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial of a North Italian type: **a** is almost uncial; the bow of **b** is broad and open; the oblique stroke of **N** sags and does not reach the base-line; the shoulder of **r** sweeps down.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1420,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1420,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial of a North Italian type: a is almost uncial; the bow of b is broad and open; the oblique stroke of N sags and does not reach the base-line; the shoulder of r sweeps down.
","Written in all probability in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries in North Italy or Switzerland ca. 800.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1420.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1420.jpg 1421,1042,Uncial,"VII med",626,675,7,959,"Written in Italy, and possibly in the North, to judge by script and initials. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",,,,"Sacramentarium Ambrosianum (Missa Catechumenorum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67103",,"p. 158 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a well-formed, firm uncial: the bow of **A** turns in; the serifs of **N** and **T** are shaded and pennant-like; the bow of **R** is rather big.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 26.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1421,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1421,"Script is a well-formed, firm uncial: the bow of A turns in; the serifs of N and T are shaded and pennant-like; the bow of R is rather big.
","Written in Italy, and possibly in the North, to judge by script and initials. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 26.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1421.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1421.jpg 1422,1043,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,960,"Written probably in Italy. Rewritten with a Glossary ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",3,,,"Textus Argumenti Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67104",,"p. 177 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script, seen on p. 177 only, is crude pre-Caroline minuscule, apparently of Italian type. The decipherable words suggest verse: (first remaining line) 'felix . . . adul . . .', (last line) 'felix . . . nocti media’. A contemporary probatio pennae 'felixq' on the otherwise blank p. 178.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1422,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1422,"Script, seen on p. 177 only, is crude pre-Caroline minuscule, apparently of Italian type. The decipherable words suggest verse: (first remaining line) 'felix . . . adul . . .', (last line) 'felix . . . nocti media’. A contemporary probatio pennae 'felixq' on the otherwise blank p. 178.
","Written probably in Italy. Rewritten with a Glossary ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1422.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1422.jpg 1423,1044,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,7,961,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",3,,,"Sortes Sangallenses.",Parchment,,,"TM 67105",,"p. 217 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a well-formed uncial, not quite of the oldest type, to be compared with that of Paris Lat. 12634 (CLA [5.646](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1024)): **A** rises slightly above short letters and its bow is a narrow oval; **ꝺ** is made in three strokes; **F** has short horizontals; the bows of **M** are roundish; the top of **T** bends down at both ends; suprascript **U** is wing-shaped; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1423,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1423,"Script is a well-formed uncial, not quite of the oldest type, to be compared with that of Paris Lat. 12634 (CLA 5.646): A rises slightly above short letters and its bow is a narrow oval; ꝺ is made in three strokes; F has short horizontals; the bows of M are roundish; the top of T bends down at both ends; suprascript U is wing-shaped; LL run together.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1423.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1423.jpg 1424,1045,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,7,962,"Origin doubtless Italy. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland. The Merobaudes palimpsest was discovered by B. G. Niebuhr in 1823.",,,,"Merobaudes, Carmina et Panegyrici (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67106",,"pp. 261 and 268",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is an expert, regular uncial: the bow of **A** is a pointed angle and ends in a hair-line; the tail of **G** is a graceful curve; **T** is often taller than neighbouring letters and extends its cross-stroke over them; **Y** is tall.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1424,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1424,"Script is an expert, regular uncial: the bow of A is a pointed angle and ends in a hair-line; the tail of G is a graceful curve; T is often taller than neighbouring letters and extends its cross-stroke over them; Y is tall.
","Origin doubtless Italy. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland. The Merobaudes palimpsest was discovered by B. G. Niebuhr in 1823.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1424.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1424.jpg 1425,1046,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,7,963,"Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",3,,,"Vegetius, De Mulomedicina (1.11–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67107",,"pp. 281 and 288",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a good, regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the stem of **R** goes below the line and the bow is open; the cross-stroke of **T** is often ticked at both ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1425,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1425,"Script is a good, regular uncial, not of the oldest type: the stem of R goes below the line and the bow is open; the cross-stroke of T is often ticked at both ends.
","Written apparently in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1425.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1425.jpg 1426,1047,Half-Uncial,V,401,500,7,964,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Vegetius de mulomedicina apparently in Italy saec. VI ex., and again ca. 800 with Glossaries in North Italy or Switzerland.",,,,"Ius Romanum Anteiustinianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67108",,"p. 280 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is an expert, rapid half-uncial or so-called quarter-uncial: **N** is broad and has a sagging middle stroke. The text is neither the Codex Theodosianus nor the annexed constitutions; decipherable words from p. 280 are: 'de d principis . . . uenantio proponen . . . prid non apri . . . et symmacScript is an expert, rapid half-uncial or so-called quarter-uncial: N is broad and has a sagging middle stroke. The text is neither the Codex Theodosianus nor the annexed constitutions; decipherable words from p. 280 are: 'de d principis . . . uenantio proponen . . . prid non apri . . . et symmac
Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten with Vegetius de mulomedicina apparently in Italy saec. VI ex., and again ca. 800 with Glossaries in North Italy or Switzerland.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 109.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1426.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1426.jpg 1427,1048,"North Italian Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,7,965,"Written doubtless in a North Italian centre with Insular connections, probably at Bobbio, as script and abbreviations suggest. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.",,44.7701,9.386,"Iunilius, De Partibus Divinae Legis; Eucherius, Formulae Spirituales (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67109",,"p. 340 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0908,"Script is a characteristic North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule: noteworthy are the forms of **p**, the **et** ligature, and the **ep** ligature resembling a heart-shaped leaf; **u** occurs suprascript as a flourish.",,,3,12,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1427,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1427,"Script is a characteristic North Italian pre-Caroline minuscule: noteworthy are the forms of p, the et ligature, and the ep ligature resembling a heart-shaped leaf; u occurs suprascript as a flourish.
","Written doubtless in a North Italian centre with Insular connections, probably at Bobbio, as script and abbreviations suggest. Rewritten with Glossaries ca. 800 in North Italy or Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1427.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1427.jpg 1428,1049,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,966,"Written probably in South Germany, to judge by the script.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Pater Noster, Mt 6.9–13) (Teutonice); Glossarium Teutonicum-Latinum; Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67110",,"pp. 42 and 120",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0911,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **d** and **ꝺ** are used; the eye of **e** often extends above the head-line; the stems of **b** and **l** tend to bend; **z** has various forms; suprascript **a** occurs in ligature often (once with the preceding letter, p. 286); subscript **i** occurs with **m** and **n**; the **nt** ligature is used in mid-word; **ti** ligature occurs for hard sound of ti.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 43](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/065_tav043b.pdf).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1428,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1428,"Script is a crude pre-Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: open a is more frequent than a; d and ꝺ are used; the eye of e often extends above the head-line; the stems of b and l tend to bend; z has various forms; suprascript a occurs in ligature often (once with the preceding letter, p. 286); subscript i occurs with m and n; the nt ligature is used in mid-word; ti ligature occurs for hard sound of ti.
","Written probably in South Germany, to judge by the script.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 43.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1428.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1428.jpg 1429,1050,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,7,967a,"Written no doubt in North Italy, manifestly in a centre where many ancient texts existed. Was already in some Swiss centre by saec. VIII–IX, to judge by the restorations of that date (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1430)).",,,,"Glossarium 'Abba, Abavus'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67111",,"pp. 3, 4, and 201",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script, by several scribes, is a late, rather pointed uncial; the sloping form it occasionally assumes in both text and marginalia (p. 13, 27, 204) illustrates the declining stage of the script: half-uncial **a** occurs here and there; the second upright of **N** is often comma-shaped; **X** often has the lower left branch sweeping below the line and ending in a curve to the right, as in the Edictus Rothari (see CLA [7.949](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1411)); a curious North Italian cursive minuscule with many ligatures is used on p. 201. Additions by various eighth-century hands in uncial or mixed uncial and minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1429,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429,"Script, by several scribes, is a late, rather pointed uncial; the sloping form it occasionally assumes in both text and marginalia (p. 13, 27, 204) illustrates the declining stage of the script: half-uncial a occurs here and there; the second upright of N is often comma-shaped; X often has the lower left branch sweeping below the line and ending in a curve to the right, as in the Edictus Rothari (see CLA 7.949); a curious North Italian cursive minuscule with many ligatures is used on p. 201. Additions by various eighth-century hands in uncial or mixed uncial and minuscule.
","Written no doubt in North Italy, manifestly in a centre where many ancient texts existed. Was already in some Swiss centre by saec. VIII–IX, to judge by the restorations of that date (see next item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1429.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1429.jpg 1430,1051,"Mixed Uncial",VII²,651,700,7,967b,"Written in the same Swiss scriptorium that produced St Gall 229 (CLA [7.932](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1394)).",,,,"Glossarium 'Abba, Abavus'.",Parchment,,,"TM 67112",,"p. 189 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is imitation uncial mixed with early minuscule, written by the first scribe of St Gall MS 229 (CLA [7.932](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1394)), whose chapter-headings are in the same type of uncial: **ꞇ** has two forms; the **nt** ligature is found in mid-word.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Holtz.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1430,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1430,"Script is imitation uncial mixed with early minuscule, written by the first scribe of St Gall MS 229 (CLA 7.932), whose chapter-headings are in the same type of uncial: ꞇ has two forms; the nt ligature is found in mid-word.
","Written in the same Swiss scriptorium that produced St Gall 229 (CLA 7.932).
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Holtz.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1430.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1430.jpg 1431,1052,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,7,968,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary in uncial saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",3,,,"Donatus, Ars Minor (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67113",,"p. 14",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is an ungainly, coarse uncial, interspersed here and there with minuscule **b**, **d**, and **r**: **A** has an oval-like bow, often raised above the base-line; the oblique of **N** is thin.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1431,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1431,"Script is an ungainly, coarse uncial, interspersed here and there with minuscule b, d, and r: A has an oval-like bow, often raised above the base-line; the oblique of N is thin.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary in uncial saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1431.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1431.jpg 1432,1053,Uncial,VII,601,700,7,969,"Written apparently in Italy. Rewritten there with Donatus saec. VII ex. and again in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",3,,,"Opus Argumenti Medici.",Parchment,,,"TM 67114",,"p. 48",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script, visible only where ink has been chemically revived, is a bold, heavy uncial. The words 'spissus raucScript, visible only where ink has been chemically revived, is a bold, heavy uncial. The words 'spissus rauc
Written apparently in Italy. Rewritten there with Donatus saec. VII ex. and again in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1432.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1432.jpg 1434,1054,"Uncial and Half-Uncial","V ex",476,500,7,970,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten saec. VII–VIII also in North Italy. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 1–48, 65–66, 72–76, 101–102, 118).",Parchment,,,"TM 67115",,"pp. 191 and 192",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is mostly a bold, well-formed uncial not quite of the very oldest type: the bow of **A** is a thin oval; the upright of **R** goes below the line and the final stroke is almost horizontal; the half-uncial, seen only on p. 192, 197, and 228, is expert and beautiful and retains such cursive features as the use of **i**-longa between two vowels and when preceded by **r** and **t**, a sign of antiquity, and of various ligatures with **e** and **t**; the oblique of **N** sags; the bow of **q** is a long horizontal oval; **ꞅ** is short.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1434,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1434,"Script is mostly a bold, well-formed uncial not quite of the very oldest type: the bow of A is a thin oval; the upright of R goes below the line and the final stroke is almost horizontal; the half-uncial, seen only on p. 192, 197, and 228, is expert and beautiful and retains such cursive features as the use of i-longa between two vowels and when preceded by r and t, a sign of antiquity, and of various ligatures with e and t; the oblique of N sags; the bow of q is a long horizontal oval; ꞅ is short.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Rewritten saec. VII–VIII also in North Italy. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1434.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1434.jpg 1435,1055,Uncial,V,401,500,7,971,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. The surviving leaves were washed off and used in North Italy saec. VII–VIII for writing a Glossary (CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429)); an earlier rough draft of this Glossary is seen on two folios (CLA [7.972](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1437)). For later history, see [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vetus Latina, Ier 17–18).",Parchment,,,"TM 67116",,"pp. 303 and 304",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is a bold and stately uncial of the oldest type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1435,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1435,"Script is a bold and stately uncial of the oldest type.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. The surviving leaves were washed off and used in North Italy saec. VII–VIII for writing a Glossary (CLA 7.967a); an earlier rough draft of this Glossary is seen on two folios (CLA 7.972). For later history, see 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1435.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1435.jpg 1437,1056,"Uncial and Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,7,972,"Written presumably in North Italy, since this rough draft doubtless originated in the same scriptorium where the final copy of the Glossary was made. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",,,,"Glossarium 'Abba, Abavus' (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67117",,"pp. 275 and 277 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is in part uncial, in part minuscule showing cursive features: the shoulder of minuscule **r** often extends over the following letter. The lowermost script of the palimpsest, containing Hieremias in a pre-Vulgate version in uncial saec. V, is CLA [7.971](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1435); the uppermost script, containing this same Glossary in uncial saec. VII–VIII is CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1437,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1437,"Script is in part uncial, in part minuscule showing cursive features: the shoulder of minuscule r often extends over the following letter. The lowermost script of the palimpsest, containing Hieremias in a pre-Vulgate version in uncial saec. V, is CLA 7.971; the uppermost script, containing this same Glossary in uncial saec. VII–VIII is CLA 7.967a.
","Written presumably in North Italy, since this rough draft doubtless originated in the same scriptorium where the final copy of the Glossary was made. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1437.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1437.jpg 1438,1057,"Cursive Minuscule",V–VI,401,600,7,973,"Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by the script. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",,,,"Recepta Gynaecologica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67118",,"pp. 43 and 318",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is an expert, rapid cursive minuscule of very old type: the uncial form of **N** is still used and its oblique sags; **i**-longa occurs after **r** and **t**, an ancient practice; some ascenders are looped; a more cursive entry in grey ink is seen in the upper margin of p. 284.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1438,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1438,"Script is an expert, rapid cursive minuscule of very old type: the uncial form of N is still used and its oblique sags; i-longa occurs after r and t, an ancient practice; some ascenders are looped; a more cursive entry in grey ink is seen in the upper margin of p. 284.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge by the script. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1438.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1438.jpg 1439,1058,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,7,974,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",3,,,"Terentius, Heauton Timoroumenos (4.8.17–23, 5.1.1–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67119",,"p. 300 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is a bold Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: **V** approaches the uncial form.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1439,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1439,"Script is a bold Rustic capital, not of the oldest type: V approaches the uncial form.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Rewritten in North Italy with a Glossary saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1439.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1439.jpg 1440,1059,Uncial,V,401,500,7,975,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten with a Glossary in North Italian uncial saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA [7.967a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1429).",0,,,"Textus Argumenti Incerti (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67120",,"p. 319 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0912,"Script is a small neat uncial of an early type. No traces of ink remain, but letters along the margin are clearly discernible if light is thrown at a certain angle. One can still make out the beginnings of lines in the lower margin of p. 319: . . . ATIO, . . . MISSIQ, FLES, ꝹEM, ꝹE CR, ATRIUMP, . . . GRATUS.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1440,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1440,"Script is a small neat uncial of an early type. No traces of ink remain, but letters along the margin are clearly discernible if light is thrown at a certain angle. One can still make out the beginnings of lines in the lower margin of p. 319: . . . ATIO, . . . MISSIQ, FLES, ꝹEM, ꝹE CR, ATRIUMP, . . . GRATUS.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten with a Glossary in North Italian uncial saec. VII–VIII. For later history, see CLA 7.967a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1440.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1440.jpg 1441,1060,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,976,"Written presumably in Germany by a scribe trained in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, as the script and the Old High German glosses go to prove.",3,,,"'Vocabularius Sancti Galli'; Excerpta Varia; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67121",,"pp. 22-23 and 89 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/0913,"Script is inexpert, compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a Continental hand (part of p. 23 is in minuscule, but apparently by the same hand): **d** and **ꝺ**, **n**, **R**, **s** and **ꞅ** are used, but **d** more often than **ꝺ**; **q** is open at the top; the entire alphabet is contained in the two scholastic verses on p. 89.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1441,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1441,"Script is inexpert, compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a Continental hand (part of p. 23 is in minuscule, but apparently by the same hand): d and ꝺ, n, R, s and ꞅ are used, but d more often than ꝺ; q is open at the top; the entire alphabet is contained in the two scholastic verses on p. 89.
","Written presumably in Germany by a scribe trained in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, as the script and the Old High German glosses go to prove.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1441.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1441.jpg 1442,1061,"Square Capital",V,401,500,7,977,"Written presumably in Italy. Was used at St Gall, apparently in 1461, for binding and repairing manuscripts (e.g. MSS 22, 248, 275, and others).",3,,,"Vergilius, Eclogae, Georgica (4), Aeneis (1–6) (fragm.).",Parchment,"Vergilius Sangallensis. (G)",,"TM 65872",,"p. 31 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/1394,"Script is a majestic, lapidary Square capital, apparently by more than one hand. Small interlinear corrections by the scribe, some in grey ink by others.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 12](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/022_tav012a.pdf).",,,,3,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1442,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1442,"Script is a majestic, lapidary Square capital, apparently by more than one hand. Small interlinear corrections by the scribe, some in grey ink by others.
","Written presumably in Italy. Was used at St Gall, apparently in 1461, for binding and repairing manuscripts (e.g. MSS 22, 248, 275, and others).
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 12.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1442.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1442.jpg 1443,1062,Uncial,V,401,500,7,978a,"Written no doubt in Italy. Was certainly in Rome in the eighth century (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1444)) and reached St Gall apparently at latest towards the end of that century, as shown by probationes pennae and old German glosses. Was later dismembered and used for bookbinding. The fragment now in the St Gall Stadtbibliothek was taken from the binding of MS 70, which contains Lives of Saints saec. XV and belonged to the monastery until the Reformation. Some of the smaller fragments were recently recovered in MSS 14 and 205 of the Stiftsbibliothek.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 17–20, 26–28, Io 14–19, Lc 11–13, Mc 7–9, 13–16).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Sangallensia. Fragmenta Curiensia.",,"TM 67122",,"p. 66 of MS. 1394",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/1394,"Script is a beautiful, expert, ancient uncial. Greek letters used as numerals occur after running titles and in the margin to mark chapters. An interlinear insertion in fine contemporary uncial is seen on p. 82; the same page has a probatio pennae in late eighth-century Alemannic minuscule; the running title in cursive minuscule saec. VII seen on p. 87 continues on the restoration p. 91 (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1444)). The fragment in the St Gall Stadtbibliothek contains interlinear Old High German glosses saec. VIII–IX.","☛Sankt Gallen, Vadiana 70 a formerly Chur, Raetisches Museum number unknown.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1443,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1443,"Script is a beautiful, expert, ancient uncial. Greek letters used as numerals occur after running titles and in the margin to mark chapters. An interlinear insertion in fine contemporary uncial is seen on p. 82; the same page has a probatio pennae in late eighth-century Alemannic minuscule; the running title in cursive minuscule saec. VII seen on p. 87 continues on the restoration p. 91 (see next item). The fragment in the St Gall Stadtbibliothek contains interlinear Old High German glosses saec. VIII–IX.
","Written no doubt in Italy. Was certainly in Rome in the eighth century (see next item) and reached St Gall apparently at latest towards the end of that century, as shown by probationes pennae and old German glosses. Was later dismembered and used for bookbinding. The fragment now in the St Gall Stadtbibliothek was taken from the binding of MS 70, which contains Lives of Saints saec. XV and belonged to the monastery until the Reformation. Some of the smaller fragments were recently recovered in MSS 14 and 205 of the Stiftsbibliothek.
","☛Sankt Gallen, Vadiana 70 a formerly Chur, Raetisches Museum number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1443.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1443.jpg 1444,1063,Uncial,VII,601,700,7,978b,"Written presumably in Italy. Was certainly in Rome in the middle of the eighth century, as is evidenced by the entry in curial script mentioning S Maria in Ara Caeli. It reached St Gall towards the end of the eighth century, to judge by another addition. Later used to reinforce a binding.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mc 16.14–fin.).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Sangallensia. Fragmenta Curiensia.",,"TM 67123",,"Image from p. 91, in two parts, showing colophon",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/csg/1394,"Script is a bold and rather clumsy uncial: the bow of **A** is small and hangs well above the line; **LL** run together; the second upright of **N** is spike-shaped. Interlinear corrections by a contemporary cursive hand. A number of interesting entries of various ages stand on the verso, originally left blank: probationes pennae in uncial and in Merovingian and Caroline minuscule (the latter containing some Teutonic words), a notary's chrismon, and 2 lines in syllabic tachygraphy upside down in the lower margin; there is also a long entry in the script of the Roman curia, probably of the time of Gregory III (731–741), which, as Dr Bischoff has shown, refers to the monastery 'S Dei genetricis quae a Camellaria et beatorum lohannis Ev. atque Bapt.', i.e. Ara Caeli in Rome.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1444,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1444,"Script is a bold and rather clumsy uncial: the bow of A is small and hangs well above the line; LL run together; the second upright of N is spike-shaped. Interlinear corrections by a contemporary cursive hand. A number of interesting entries of various ages stand on the verso, originally left blank: probationes pennae in uncial and in Merovingian and Caroline minuscule (the latter containing some Teutonic words), a notary's chrismon, and 2 lines in syllabic tachygraphy upside down in the lower margin; there is also a long entry in the script of the Roman curia, probably of the time of Gregory III (731–741), which, as Dr Bischoff has shown, refers to the monastery 'S Dei genetricis quae a Camellaria et beatorum lohannis Ev. atque Bapt.', i.e. Ara Caeli in Rome.
","Written presumably in Italy. Was certainly in Rome in the middle of the eighth century, as is evidenced by the entry in curial script mentioning S Maria in Ara Caeli. It reached St Gall towards the end of the eighth century, to judge by another addition. Later used to reinforce a binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1444.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1444.jpg 1445,1064,"Irish Majuscule and Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,979,"Written doubtless in Ireland. Was used at St Gall for book-binding.",3,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67124",,"p. 98 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1394,"Script is Irish, in part stately majuscule, in part expert minuscule: in the majuscule the half-uncial **d** is almost the rule; **N** is more frequent than **n**; **R** is regular; **s** is more frequent than **ꞅ**; uncial **A** occurs (p. 98); **m** at line-end is once turned sideways; in the minuscule **r** could be mistaken for n.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1445,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1445,"Script is Irish, in part stately majuscule, in part expert minuscule: in the majuscule the half-uncial d is almost the rule; N is more frequent than n; R is regular; s is more frequent than ꞅ; uncial A occurs (p. 98); m at line-end is once turned sideways; in the minuscule r could be mistaken for n.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. Was used at St Gall for book-binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1445.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1445.jpg 1446,1065,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,7,980,"Written doubtless in Ireland. Used as early as the fifteenth century as a jacket for a manuscript of Boethius; the entry ‘Boethius 15. I. de sca trinitate' (saec. XV) is seen in the margin of p. 104.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 1.12–32, 2.43–3.9).",Parchment,,,"TM 67125",,"p. 102 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1394,"Script is a roundish Irish majuscule, by a not very expert scribe: **d**, **n**, **R**, and **S** are regular; the **S** is top-heavy; **q** occurs here and there suprascript and cup-shaped.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1446,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1446,"Script is a roundish Irish majuscule, by a not very expert scribe: d, n, R, and S are regular; the S is top-heavy; q occurs here and there suprascript and cup-shaped.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. Used as early as the fifteenth century as a jacket for a manuscript of Boethius; the entry ‘Boethius 15. I. de sca trinitate' (saec. XV) is seen in the margin of p. 104.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1446.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1446.jpg 1447,1066,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,981,"Origin uncertain, apparently France.",3,,,"Responsa Theologica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67126",,"p. 105 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1394,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule with both open **a** and **a**; the shafts of **f**, **r**, and **ꞅ** lean sharply to the right; the **et** ligature is frequent and occurs in mid-word.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1447,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1447,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule with both open a and a; the shafts of f, r, and ꞅ lean sharply to the right; the et ligature is frequent and occurs in mid-word.
","Origin uncertain, apparently France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1447.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1447.jpg 1448,1067,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,7,982,"Written most likely in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Was finally used at St Gall for strengthening bindings.",,,,"Aldhelmus, De Metris et Aenigmatibus ac Pedum Regulis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67127",,"p. 127 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1394,"Script is an elegant, slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the type used in South England: **a** has the normal minuscule form or is open (the abbreviation-stroke often joins this open form so closely that they form a single character); **Ᵹ** is flat-topped and pointed in the middle; subscript **i** occurs; characteristic are **r** and **ꞅ** going far below the line. The content of the riddles is indicated interlinearly in small characters. Contemporary corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Some glosses traced with a stylus, now hardly legible (p. 127, col. 2, ll. 2–4).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1448,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1448,"Script is an elegant, slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the type used in South England: a has the normal minuscule form or is open (the abbreviation-stroke often joins this open form so closely that they form a single character); Ᵹ is flat-topped and pointed in the middle; subscript i occurs; characteristic are r and ꞅ going far below the line. The content of the riddles is indicated interlinearly in small characters. Contemporary corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Some glosses traced with a stylus, now hardly legible (p. 127, col. 2, ll. 2–4).
","Written most likely in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Was finally used at St Gall for strengthening bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1448.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1448.jpg 1449,1068,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,983,"Written most likely in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Later history unknown.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1.37.5–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67128",,"p. 123 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1394,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: **a** has both open and closed forms; **ꝺ** always has the uncial form; **e** is theta-shaped; **Ᵹ**, **r**, and **ꞅ** go far below the line; the long bow of **Ᵹ** is noteworthy; subscript **i** occurs (mi); **x** is made in three strokes.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1449,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1449,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: a has both open and closed forms; ꝺ always has the uncial form; e is theta-shaped; Ᵹ, r, and ꞅ go far below the line; the long bow of Ᵹ is noteworthy; subscript i occurs (mi); x is made in three strokes.
","Written most likely in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1449.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1449.jpg 1450,1069,Half-Uncial,V¹,401,450,7,984,"Written in Italy, possibly during the lifetime of Jerome, to judge by the palaeography of the manuscript. Dismembered and used at St Gall in 1461, when the library was reorganized, for binding and repairing a number of manuscripts enumerated in the publications of Lehmann and Dold.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 6.21–fin., Mc 1–9, 22.1–34, Lc 22.66–23.17, Io, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67129",,"p. 28 of MS 1395",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a graceful early half-uncial, pleasantly irregular: **a** is open and generally small; **c** and **e** extend above the other small letters; **i** often extends above the headline or below the base-line or both, apparently without any rule; suprascript cup-shaped **u** occurs near line-ends; some ligatures are used at line-ends. Contemporary marginalia and variant Latin and Greek readings in a small, bold, somewhat cursive half-uncial (MS 1395, p. 95) seen in the hand of the scribe.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.d.65.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1450,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1450,"Script is a graceful early half-uncial, pleasantly irregular: a is open and generally small; c and e extend above the other small letters; i often extends above the headline or below the base-line or both, apparently without any rule; suprascript cup-shaped u occurs near line-ends; some ligatures are used at line-ends. Contemporary marginalia and variant Latin and Greek readings in a small, bold, somewhat cursive half-uncial (MS 1395, p. 95) seen in the hand of the scribe.
","Written in Italy, possibly during the lifetime of Jerome, to judge by the palaeography of the manuscript. Dismembered and used at St Gall in 1461, when the library was reorganized, for binding and repairing a number of manuscripts enumerated in the publications of Lehmann and Dold.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek XXV.d.65.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1450.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1450.jpg 1451,1070,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,7,985,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge by the script and ornamentation. Was used later at St Gall for bookbinding. Some of the fragments now at St Gall were taken from the bindings of St Gall MSS 962 and 963; the Zürich leaves come from the bindings of manuscripts which left St Gall in the war of Toggenburg (1712); the Vienna volume which contains our leaves as fly-leaves formed part of the Ambras collection in which it bore the number 282.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 2–9, 63–65, 70–72, 79–83, 86–88, 91–94, 100–102, 105–106, 118).",Parchment,,,"TM 67130",,"p. 386 of MS. 1395",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a fair but undistinguished uncial of late type: the first upright of **N** and the lower left branch of **X** have marked horizontal serifs. Corrections in mixed half-uncial and uncial saec. VIII and some in Caroline minuscule saec. IX. An eighth-century probatio pennae on p. 379 of MS 1395.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1451,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1451,"Script is a fair but undistinguished uncial of late type: the first upright of N and the lower left branch of X have marked horizontal serifs. Corrections in mixed half-uncial and uncial saec. VIII and some in Caroline minuscule saec. IX. An eighth-century probatio pennae on p. 379 of MS 1395.
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge by the script and ornamentation. Was used later at St Gall for bookbinding. Some of the fragments now at St Gall were taken from the bindings of St Gall MSS 962 and 963; the Zürich leaves come from the bindings of manuscripts which left St Gall in the war of Toggenburg (1712); the Vienna volume which contains our leaves as fly-leaves formed part of the Ambras collection in which it bore the number 282.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1451.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1451.jpg 1452,1071,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,7,986,"Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Later dismembered and used to strengthen bindings at St Gall.",2,,,"Iulianus, Epitome Latina Novellarum Iustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 67131",,"p. 407 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a clumsy uncial: **LL** run together; both shafts of **N** lean to the right, the second being distinctly comma-shaped.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1452,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1452,"Script is a clumsy uncial: LL run together; both shafts of N lean to the right, the second being distinctly comma-shaped.
","Origin uncertain, probably North Italy. Later dismembered and used to strengthen bindings at St Gall.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1452.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1452.jpg 1453,1072,Uncial,VII,601,700,7,987,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in a scriptorium with Insular connections. Belonged to St Gall by the fifteenth century (see the entry of that date at the top of p. 415).",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones (140, 212, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67132",,"p. 414 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a bold but irregular uncial, with **M** mostly in a half-uncial form: the lower bow of **B** is broad; **i**-longa is used initially here and there; the second upright of **N** is mostly comma-shaped, recalling the practice in North Italian manuscripts.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1453,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1453,"Script is a bold but irregular uncial, with M mostly in a half-uncial form: the lower bow of B is broad; i-longa is used initially here and there; the second upright of N is mostly comma-shaped, recalling the practice in North Italian manuscripts.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script, possibly in a scriptorium with Insular connections. Belonged to St Gall by the fifteenth century (see the entry of that date at the top of p. 415).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1453.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1453.jpg 1454,1073,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,988,"Written presumably in Ireland. The rest of the manuscript (or manuscripts) was presumably discarded at St Gall, since it is there that the surviving leaves were found and inserted in the present miscellany.",,,,"Litania (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67133",,"p. 427 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a bold, round, but not very regular Irish majuscule: **R** is the rule; **d**, **n**, and **S** are more frequent than **ꝺ**, **N**, and **ꞅ**. Benedictions were entered in ninth-century Irish minuscule on p. 423. Pp. 418–419, apparently from a different manuscript, measure ca. 218 × 178 mm., the decorated frame ca. 190 × 145 mm. Ornamentation: a portrait of Matthew and his symbol, enclosed in an ornamental frame in bright colours, fills p. 418. Vellum of Insular type. A charm written by two ninth-century hands in compressed Irish majuscule stands on p. 419.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1454,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1454,"Script is a bold, round, but not very regular Irish majuscule: R is the rule; d, n, and S are more frequent than ꝺ, N, and ꞅ. Benedictions were entered in ninth-century Irish minuscule on p. 423. Pp. 418–419, apparently from a different manuscript, measure ca. 218 × 178 mm., the decorated frame ca. 190 × 145 mm. Ornamentation: a portrait of Matthew and his symbol, enclosed in an ornamental frame in bright colours, fills p. 418. Vellum of Insular type. A charm written by two ninth-century hands in compressed Irish majuscule stands on p. 419.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The rest of the manuscript (or manuscripts) was presumably discarded at St Gall, since it is there that the surviving leaves were found and inserted in the present miscellany.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1454.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1454.jpg 1455,1074,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,989,"Written doubtless in Ireland. Lessons from the Bible are Old Latin (p). St Gall MS 1395, p. 444–447, and Zurich MS A.G. 19, No. XXXVI (CLA [7.991](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1457) and [1012](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1283)) are similar in content and size. Our fragment was used to strengthen bindings.",,,,"Missa pro Defunctis (fragm.).",Parchment,"Fragmentum Sangallense. (p)",,"TM 67134",,"p. 430 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is a large Irish minuscule: **d** and **r** are more frequent than **ꝺ** and **R**; minuscule **n** is regular; **S** and **ꞅ** are used indifferently; **c** is often tall, chiefly at the beginning of words; **i**-longa is used initially; the ligature of **et** occurs in several forms, one of which has the upper bow of **e** not only open but curving back. A number of probationes pennae saec. X or XI occur in the margin; also a pen-and-ink sketch of a nude body.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1455,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1455,"Script is a large Irish minuscule: d and r are more frequent than ꝺ and R; minuscule n is regular; S and ꞅ are used indifferently; c is often tall, chiefly at the beginning of words; i-longa is used initially; the ligature of et occurs in several forms, one of which has the upper bow of e not only open but curving back. A number of probationes pennae saec. X or XI occur in the margin; also a pen-and-ink sketch of a nude body.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. Lessons from the Bible are Old Latin (p). St Gall MS 1395, p. 444–447, and Zurich MS A.G. 19, No. XXXVI (CLA 7.991 and 1012) are similar in content and size. Our fragment was used to strengthen bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1455.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1455.jpg 1456,1075,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,990,"Written presumably in Ireland.",,,,"Augustinus, De Musica (5.5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67135",,"p. 437 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script is rather angular Irish minuscule, with letters markedly inclined to the right: uncial **ꝺ** is the rule; **R** occurs only here and there. **M** for Magister has the form similar to **H**. The entry 'inomine dī' (sic), apparently in the hand of the scribe, stands in the upper margin of p. 436.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1456,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1456,"Script is rather angular Irish minuscule, with letters markedly inclined to the right: uncial ꝺ is the rule; R occurs only here and there. M for Magister has the form similar to H. The entry 'inomine dī' (sic), apparently in the hand of the scribe, stands in the upper margin of p. 436.
","Written presumably in Ireland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1456.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1456.jpg 1457,1076,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,7,991,"Written presumably in Ireland. St Gall MS 1395, p. 430–433, and Zürich MS A.G. 19, No. XXXVI (CLA [7.989](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1455) and [1012](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1283)) are similar in content and size.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (Visitatio Infirmorum, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67136",,"p. 446 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/csg/1395,"Script, by a scribe of great dexterity, is large, somewhat informal Irish majuscule interspersed with minuscule elements: **ꝺ**, **N**, **R**, and **ꞅ** are far more frequent than **d**, **n**, **r**, and **S**; minuscule **a** occurs here and there; the cross-stroke of majuscule **N** either is almost horizontal near the base-line or is curved at the bottom and between widely spaced verticals so that the letter recalls a capital **M**; minuscule **n** is also used; **ty** occur in ligature; small Irish minuscule is used for alternative feminine readings and case-endings (see p. 446).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1457,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1457,"Script, by a scribe of great dexterity, is large, somewhat informal Irish majuscule interspersed with minuscule elements: ꝺ, N, R, and ꞅ are far more frequent than d, n, r, and S; minuscule a occurs here and there; the cross-stroke of majuscule N either is almost horizontal near the base-line or is curved at the bottom and between widely spaced verticals so that the letter recalls a capital M; minuscule n is also used; ty occur in ligature; small Irish minuscule is used for alternative feminine readings and case-endings (see p. 446).
","Written presumably in Ireland. St Gall MS 1395, p. 430–433, and Zürich MS A.G. 19, No. XXXVI (CLA 7.989 and 1012) are similar in content and size.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1457.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1457.jpg 1458,1077,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,7,992,"Written in a French centre and probably at Tours. Must have reached Switzerland by the ninth century, to judge by the script used for the additions. Later used in bindings.",,,,"Anonymous, Commentum in Donatum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67137",,"p. 5 ",,,"Script is a rapid semi-cursive minuscule recalling that of Paris, MS N. A. Lat. 1575 and the group of kindred manuscripts from Tours (see CLA [5.682](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)): **Ᵹ** has the half-uncial form; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially ('huIus'); the shoulder of **r** often extends over the following letters; **y** is dotted; numerous ligatures; p. 1, 8, and 12 are now almost completely illegible. A ninth-century Alemannic hand entered grammatical ‘Quaestiones' on p. 9 and 10, originally left blank.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1458,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1458,"Script is a rapid semi-cursive minuscule recalling that of Paris, MS N. A. Lat. 1575 and the group of kindred manuscripts from Tours (see CLA 5.682): Ᵹ has the half-uncial form; i-longa occurs initially and medially ('huIus'); the shoulder of r often extends over the following letters; y is dotted; numerous ligatures; p. 1, 8, and 12 are now almost completely illegible. A ninth-century Alemannic hand entered grammatical ‘Quaestiones' on p. 9 and 10, originally left blank.
","Written in a French centre and probably at Tours. Must have reached Switzerland by the ninth century, to judge by the script used for the additions. Later used in bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1458.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1458.jpg 1459,1078,"Half-Uncial verging on Minuscule",VII,601,700,7,993,"Origin uncertain, possibly North Italy or France, to judge by the script. The surviving bifolium later served as a fly-leaf.",3,,,"Apophthegmata Patrum (3.12–4.1, 4.15–4.23).",Parchment,,,"TM 67138",,"p. 5 ",,,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial verging on minuscule: **g** has both uncial and half-uncial forms, the latter somewhat compressed; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially; **n** has mostly the minuscule form. Probationes pennae saec. IX are seen on our p. 5.",,4,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1459,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1459,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial verging on minuscule: g has both uncial and half-uncial forms, the latter somewhat compressed; i-longa occurs initially and medially; n has mostly the minuscule form. Probationes pennae saec. IX are seen on our p. 5.
","Origin uncertain, possibly North Italy or France, to judge by the script. The surviving bifolium later served as a fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1459.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1459.jpg 1460,1079,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,994,"Origin uncertain, probably a Swiss centre. Later used for strengthening bindings at St Gall. This leaf does not seem to form part of CLA [7.900](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1358), though both contain Kings.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 2Sm 12.2–13.17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67139",,"p. 10 ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule with a tendency to incline to the left: **a** has the form of two c's, uncial **A** with angular bow occurs at the beginning of some words; **b** occurs once with a tag to the right; the top of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; **y** is dotted; **z** is tall; various ligatures.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1460,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1460,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule with a tendency to incline to the left: a has the form of two c's, uncial A with angular bow occurs at the beginning of some words; b occurs once with a tag to the right; the top of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; y is dotted; z is tall; various ligatures.
","Origin uncertain, probably a Swiss centre. Later used for strengthening bindings at St Gall. This leaf does not seem to form part of CLA 7.900, though both contain Kings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1460.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1460.jpg 1461,1080,"Irish Cursive Minuscule",VII,601,700,7,995,"Written in an Irish centre, presumably on the Continent, possibly at Bobbio, to judge by the script and type of membrane. Was used later at St Gall to reinforce bindings: the fragments were removed from bindings of MSS 150 and 267; the offset of a fragment now lost is seen in the front cover of MS 230.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (11.1.43–46, 51–53).",Parchment,,,"TM 67140",,"Image shows the entire recto and part of the verso",,,"Script is rapid, roundish Irish minuscule with some majuscule traces: **ꝺ**, **n** and **r** are the rule, **ꞅ** is more frequent than **s**; **g** is S-shaped; suprascript cup-shaped **u** occurs; noteworthy is the longish shallow loop of **e** in ligature; other cursive ligatures are **ae**, **cc**, **ce** (a North Italian feature), **fr**, **sc**; examples of kindred script are Dublin, Trinity College 55 and Milan, Ambros. C. 26 Sup. and D. 23 Sup. (CLA [2.271](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590); [3.312](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/649) and [328](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664)).","☛Bischoff argues MS was written in Ireland. v. J. N. Hillgarth, 'Visigothic Spain and Early Christian Ireland' PRIA C 62 (1961–1963) 167–94 at 183 n. 78 and P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) p. 244 n. (both quoting Bischoff).",,,3,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1461,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1461,"Script is rapid, roundish Irish minuscule with some majuscule traces: ꝺ, n and r are the rule, ꞅ is more frequent than s; g is S-shaped; suprascript cup-shaped u occurs; noteworthy is the longish shallow loop of e in ligature; other cursive ligatures are ae, cc, ce (a North Italian feature), fr, sc; examples of kindred script are Dublin, Trinity College 55 and Milan, Ambros. C. 26 Sup. and D. 23 Sup. (CLA 2.271; 3.312 and 328).
","Written in an Irish centre, presumably on the Continent, possibly at Bobbio, to judge by the script and type of membrane. Was used later at St Gall to reinforce bindings: the fragments were removed from bindings of MSS 150 and 267; the offset of a fragment now lost is seen in the front cover of MS 230.
","☛Bischoff argues MS was written in Ireland. v. J. N. Hillgarth, 'Visigothic Spain and Early Christian Ireland' PRIA C 62 (1961–1963) 167–94 at 183 n. 78 and P. Engelbert, Rev. Béned. 78 (1968) p. 244 n. (both quoting Bischoff).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1461.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1461.jpg 1462,1081,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,7,996,"Written at St Gall by Winithar. This is the earliest known liturgical fragment of St Gall origin.",,,,"Antiphonarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67141",,"Image from the recto and verso of fol. 1",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule in the peculiar hand of Winithar (see CLA [7.893a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1349)), who uses **i**-longa initially and numerous ligatures including **nt** (in mid-word), **ti** ligature (for the hard sound of ti), and **ts** with suprascript **u** (for 'tus').",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1462,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1462,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule in the peculiar hand of Winithar (see CLA 7.893a), who uses i-longa initially and numerous ligatures including nt (in mid-word), ti ligature (for the hard sound of ti), and ts with suprascript u (for 'tus').
","Written at St Gall by Winithar. This is the earliest known liturgical fragment of St Gall origin.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1462.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1462.jpg 1463,1082,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,7,997,"Written presumably in Switzerland, to judge by a certain resemblance in script to Engelberg without number (our CLA [7.884](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1338)). The fragment was used for binding a seventeenth-century paper manuscript (St Gall MS 1246).",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (73.4–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67142",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a somewhat peculiar minuscule with letters rather broad and leaning slightly to the left: both **a** and open **a** are used; **d** and **g** occur in the uncial form; **f** is half-uncial; **ff** are crossed by a single horizontal; the **ri** ligature is frequent and resembles n with its second stroke prolonged.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1463,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1463,"Script is a somewhat peculiar minuscule with letters rather broad and leaning slightly to the left: both a and open a are used; d and g occur in the uncial form; f is half-uncial; ff are crossed by a single horizontal; the ri ligature is frequent and resembles n with its second stroke prolonged.
","Written presumably in Switzerland, to judge by a certain resemblance in script to Engelberg without number (our CLA 7.884). The fragment was used for binding a seventeenth-century paper manuscript (St Gall MS 1246).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1463.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1463.jpg 1464,1083,"Irish Minuscule","VII–VIII (ante 713)",601,712,7,998,"Written by Dorbbene, abbot or prior of Iona (†Oct. 713), whose subscription on p. 136 reads: 'quicumque hos virtutum / libellos columbae lege / rit pro me dorbbeneo / deum deprecetur, ut ui / tam post mortem ęter / nam possedeam'. Corrected in the ninth century in a Continental centre. Later belonged to the library of Reichenau: part of an erased ex-libris is seen at the foot of p. 1, 'Liber Aug . . .' (saec. XIII), and part of another is found in the top margin (saec. XVII). The manuscript was copied in 1621 by the Irish Jesuit Stephen White, who presumably brought it to Schaffhausen. It certainly left Reichenau before 1795.",,56.3347,-6.4041,"Adamnanus, Vita S Columbae.",Parchment,"Schaffhausen Adomnán.",,"TM 67143",,"p. 17 ",,http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/sbs/0001,"Script is an early and vigorous Irish minuscule mixed here and there with majuscule forms: **d** and **s** have two forms; **e** often rises well above the head-line; the shoulder of **r** bends very low; **y** has two forms, both going below the line and one being typically Irish with both branches curving to the right; the oblique of **z** thrusts far below the line; in the ligature of **ae** the **a** is a small open bow; **a** and **i** occur subscript. Greek letters are used here and there and for the entire Latin colophon of Book 2 (p. 103). The Lord's Prayer in barbarous spelling was added in Greek uncial on p. 137, originally left blank. An important milestone in Irish calligraphy.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1464,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1464,"Script is an early and vigorous Irish minuscule mixed here and there with majuscule forms: d and s have two forms; e often rises well above the head-line; the shoulder of r bends very low; y has two forms, both going below the line and one being typically Irish with both branches curving to the right; the oblique of z thrusts far below the line; in the ligature of ae the a is a small open bow; a and i occur subscript. Greek letters are used here and there and for the entire Latin colophon of Book 2 (p. 103). The Lord's Prayer in barbarous spelling was added in Greek uncial on p. 137, originally left blank. An important milestone in Irish calligraphy.
","Written by Dorbbene, abbot or prior of Iona (†Oct. 713), whose subscription on p. 136 reads: 'quicumque hos virtutum / libellos columbae lege / rit pro me dorbbeneo / deum deprecetur, ut ui / tam post mortem ęter / nam possedeam'. Corrected in the ninth century in a Continental centre. Later belonged to the library of Reichenau: part of an erased ex-libris is seen at the foot of p. 1, 'Liber Aug . . .' (saec. XIII), and part of another is found in the top margin (saec. XVII). The manuscript was copied in 1621 by the Irish Jesuit Stephen White, who presumably brought it to Schaffhausen. It certainly left Reichenau before 1795.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1464.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1464.jpg 1465,1084,"Insular Majuscule","VII ex",676,700,7,999,"Written in an Insular centre, presumably in Ireland, to judge by the script. Provenance the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The volume from which the fragment was taken has the fourteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber est monast. Scaph.' (fol. 1).",,,,"Fragmentum Argumenti Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67144",,"Image shows both sides of the entire strip ",,,"Script is Insular majuscule, probably Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon, with **d**, **R**, **S** and **ꞅ**.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1465,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1465,"Script is Insular majuscule, probably Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon, with d, R, S and ꞅ.
","Written in an Insular centre, presumably in Ireland, to judge by the script. Provenance the monastery of Allerheiligen at Schaffhausen. The volume from which the fragment was taken has the fourteenth-century ex-libris: 'Iste liber est monast. Scaph.' (fol. 1).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/7/1465.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/7/1465.jpg 1466,1221,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,**1009,"Written presumably in England and probably in Northumbria, to judge from the script. The fragments came from Reichenau. The Karlsruhe fragments were used in the bindings of MSS Aug. 37 and 196. The Zürich leaves were in the possession of Ferdinand Keller (†1881).",,,,"Priscianus, Institutio de Nomine et Pronomine et Verbo (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67154",,"Image from Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 122, fol. 2 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40768,"Script is a graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the type seen in part of London Egerton 2831 (CLA [2.196b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/513)): open **a** is the rule, but the uncial form is not infrequent; **d** has two forms; **Ᵹ** in ligature resembles an elongated shallow s; **i-longa** occurs even medially; **y** here and there is tall and its left branch makes an upward-sweeping curve; noteworthy are the ligatures of **co**, **fi** (with the curious s-like shape of the **i** transecting the curve of the **f**), and **tio**. For other details see under Zürich, CLA [7.1009](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1280).",,,,2,,1280,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1466,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1466,"Script is a graceful pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the type seen in part of London Egerton 2831 (CLA 2.196b): open a is the rule, but the uncial form is not infrequent; d has two forms; Ᵹ in ligature resembles an elongated shallow s; i-longa occurs even medially; y here and there is tall and its left branch makes an upward-sweeping curve; noteworthy are the ligatures of co, fi (with the curious s-like shape of the i transecting the curve of the f), and tio. For other details see under Zürich, CLA 7.1009.
","Written presumably in England and probably in Northumbria, to judge from the script. The fragments came from Reichenau. The Karlsruhe fragments were used in the bindings of MSS Aug. 37 and 196. The Zürich leaves were in the possession of Ferdinand Keller (†1881).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1466.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1466.jpg 1467,1138,"Square Capital",V²,451,500,8,**13,"Written probably in Italy. Was at St Denis, Paris, certainly by the fifteenth century. The four Vatican leaves belonged to C. Dupuy (†1594), who gave them to Fulvio Orsini in 1574 and 1575. The lost leaf belonged to Pierre Pithou (†1596). The three Berlin leaves were bought at the van Limborch auction at the Hague in 1862; they are now kept in the Tübingen Universitätsbibliothek.",3,,,"Vergilius, Georgica (1.41–280, 3.181–220).",Parchment,"Codex Augusteus. (A)",,"TM 65879",,"Image from Berlin fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a bold and regular Square capital.","☛CLA date (IV) changed. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek MS Lat. fol. 416. ☛See CLA [1.13](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/17).",,,,3,17,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1467,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1467,"Script is a bold and regular Square capital.
","Written probably in Italy. Was at St Denis, Paris, certainly by the fifteenth century. The four Vatican leaves belonged to C. Dupuy (†1594), who gave them to Fulvio Orsini in 1574 and 1575. The lost leaf belonged to Pierre Pithou (†1596). The three Berlin leaves were bought at the van Limborch auction at the Hague in 1862; they are now kept in the Tübingen Universitätsbibliothek.
","☛CLA date (IV) changed. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek MS Lat. fol. 416. ☛See CLA 1.13.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1467.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1467.jpg 1468,1277,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,**168,"Written probably in the Freising region, to judge from the script. The London fragments are used as fly-leaves in manuscripts from the monastery of St Georgenberg in the Tyrol; the Donaueschingen and Basel fragments probably come from the same place.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani (Pars Aestivalis, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66272",,"Donaueschingen fol. 3v ",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type with marked resemblance to that of an early Freising group (Munich CLM 6279, 6299, 6308, etc.): **a** and **d** have two forms; the ligature **hi** with subscript **i** occurs. For other details, see under London and Basel (CLA [2.168](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/483) and CLA 7, p. 4).","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 17 (925). ",,1,,1,483,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1468,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1468,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type with marked resemblance to that of an early Freising group (Munich CLM 6279, 6299, 6308, etc.): a and d have two forms; the ligature hi with subscript i occurs. For other details, see under London and Basel (CLA 2.168 and CLA 7, p. 4).
","Written probably in the Freising region, to judge from the script. The London fragments are used as fly-leaves in manuscripts from the monastery of St Georgenberg in the Tyrol; the Donaueschingen and Basel fragments probably come from the same place.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 17 (925).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1468.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1468.jpg 1469,1167,Uncial,"VIII med",726,775,8,**567,"Written in North-east France, probably in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193, Paris Lat. 10399 + 10400, and others (CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118); [5.594](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/961); and 6 p. xxii), very likely at Chelles. The Paris part belonged to Claude Dupuy (†1594). The Karlsruhe fragment was already separated from the main manuscript in the sixteenth century.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Sententiae (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66698",,"Image from Karlsruhe fol. 2",,,"Script is a rather pretty, artificial uncial of the type described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)): **ꝺ** resembles an apple with its stem; the bows of **M** rise branch-like above the base-line; **N** is characteristic, with its first vertical leaning to the right and the second to the left; **S** is slim and its upper curve small; **X** is high-waisted; **LL** run together; descenders end in a hair-line. For other details see under Paris (CLA [5.567](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/929)).",,,,,,929,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1469,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1469,"Script is a rather pretty, artificial uncial of the type described under Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 (CLA 1.105): ꝺ resembles an apple with its stem; the bows of M rise branch-like above the base-line; N is characteristic, with its first vertical leaning to the right and the second to the left; S is slim and its upper curve small; X is high-waisted; LL run together; descenders end in a hair-line. For other details see under Paris (CLA 5.567).
","Written in North-east France, probably in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316 + Paris Lat. 7193, Paris Lat. 10399 + 10400, and others (CLA 1.105; 5.594; and 6 p. xxii), very likely at Chelles. The Paris part belonged to Claude Dupuy (†1594). The Karlsruhe fragment was already separated from the main manuscript in the sixteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1469.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1469.jpg 1470,1307,Uncial,V²,451,500,8,**733,"Written probably in Italy or possibly in an ancient centre in France. The manuscript was certainly in France in the seventh century (see the [Besançon leaf](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1138)). Belonged to Murbach. It was probably in a fragmentary state in the fifteenth century when its leaves were used for repairing purposes. The Gotha volume containing fragments of our manuscript was bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between 1795 and 1802. The Leipzig fragments, once attached to the Cyprian manuscript now in Manchester (CLA [2.222](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/540)), were an item in one of Hiersemann's catalogues of second-hand books in 1927 and are now supposed to be in Switzerland.",,,,"Hilarius Pictaviensis, De Trinitate (1.1, 2.16–7, 3.23).",Parchment,,,"TM 66902",,"Image from the fragments seen on Gotha fol. 69v",,,"Script is a bold and expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high; **ꝺ**, **M**, and **U** are broad; the bows of **P**, **q**, and **R** are small. For other details, see under Besançon, CLA [6.733](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1138).",,,,,,1138,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1470,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1470,"Script is a bold and expert uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high; ꝺ, M, and U are broad; the bows of P, q, and R are small. For other details, see under Besançon, CLA 6.733.
","Written probably in Italy or possibly in an ancient centre in France. The manuscript was certainly in France in the seventh century (see the Besançon leaf). Belonged to Murbach. It was probably in a fragmentary state in the fifteenth century when its leaves were used for repairing purposes. The Gotha volume containing fragments of our manuscript was bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between 1795 and 1802. The Leipzig fragments, once attached to the Cyprian manuscript now in Manchester (CLA 2.222), were an item in one of Hiersemann's catalogues of second-hand books in 1927 and are now supposed to be in Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1470.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1470.jpg 1471,1308,Uncial,VIII,701,800,8,**754,"Written probably in France. Provenance Murbach. The Gotha manuscript in which our scraps are pasted was bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard 1795–1802.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66924",,"Image from Mark x. 27-30 on one of the Gotha fragments",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: **LL** run together; the top of **T** tends to loop down to the left; the lower-left limb of **X** curves to the right.",,,,,,1162,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1471,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1471,"Script is uncial of a late type: LL run together; the top of T tends to loop down to the left; the lower-left limb of X curves to the right.
","Written probably in France. Provenance Murbach. The Gotha manuscript in which our scraps are pasted was bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard 1795–1802.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1471.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1471.jpg 1472,1141,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,**808,"Written presumably at Fleury. The Berlin fragment was bought by Heine from a dealer at Toledo and presented to the Royal Library in 1847.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Esaiam (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67191",,"Image from the recto of the Berlin leaf",,,"Script is ungainly and irregular uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** varies in shape and often looks suspended; the second stroke of **N** is nearly horizontal; the cross-stroke of **T** forms a loop to the left. For more details see under [Orléans](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1222).",,,,,,1222,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1472,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1472,"Script is ungainly and irregular uncial of a late type: the bow of A varies in shape and often looks suspended; the second stroke of N is nearly horizontal; the cross-stroke of T forms a loop to the left. For more details see under Orléans.
","Written presumably at Fleury. The Berlin fragment was bought by Heine from a dealer at Toledo and presented to the Royal Library in 1847.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1472.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1472.jpg 1473,1142,"Rustic Capital",V,401,500,8,**809,"Written probably in Italy. Was dismembered and re-used, presumably at Fleury, partly for binding purposes, partly (saec. VII–VIII) for rewriting a manuscript of Hieronymus in Isaiam. The Berlin leaf was bought by Heine from a dealer at Toledo and presented to the Royal Library in 1847. The Vatican leaves belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603).",3,,,"Sallustius, Historiae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,66209,,"Image from the verso of the Berlin leaf ",,,"Script is excellent, very regular Rustic capital, though not of the oldest type. For more details see under the Vatican and Orléans (CLA [1 p. 34](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/127); [6.809](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1223)). ",,,,,2,1223,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1473,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1473,"Script is excellent, very regular Rustic capital, though not of the oldest type. For more details see under the Vatican and Orléans (CLA 1 p. 34; 6.809).
","Written probably in Italy. Was dismembered and re-used, presumably at Fleury, partly for binding purposes, partly (saec. VII–VIII) for rewriting a manuscript of Hieronymus in Isaiam. The Berlin leaf was bought by Heine from a dealer at Toledo and presented to the Royal Library in 1847. The Vatican leaves belonged to Pierre Daniel (1530–1603).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1473.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1473.jpg 1474,1168,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,8,**813,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from script and parchment. Provenance Fleury on the Loire: the Orléans bifolium was removed from the binding of Orléans MS 18 (15), which comes from Fleury. The history of the Karlsruhe fragment is not known.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (Ad Tyrasium, Ad Marcellam).",Parchment,,,"TM 67215",,"Image from Karlsruhe fol. 1","Image from Karlsruhe fol. 1 ",,"Script is excellent uncial by an expert scribe: the bow of **A** is small and oval; **M** and **N** are broad; the bow of **R** is low; the top of **T** often ends in slight thickenings; **LL** occasionally run together; letters do not stand on the ruled line but seem cut by it.",,,,,,1227,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1474,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1474,"Script is excellent uncial by an expert scribe: the bow of A is small and oval; M and N are broad; the bow of R is low; the top of T often ends in slight thickenings; LL occasionally run together; letters do not stand on the ruled line but seem cut by it.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from script and parchment. Provenance Fleury on the Loire: the Orléans bifolium was removed from the binding of Orléans MS 18 (15), which comes from Fleury. The history of the Karlsruhe fragment is not known.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1474.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1474.jpg 1475,1149,"Half-Uncial verging on Minuscule",VII¹,601,650,8,**825,"Origin uncertain: the script and the peculiar -bus abbreviation found on the Rheims fragment favour Italy, but South France cannot be excluded. Belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims, where the fragments were used for bindings. The volume which contains the Berlin leaves became the property of the Jesuit Collège de Clermont; it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",2,,,"Passiones Sanctorum (S Pionii et Sociorum, S Theodosiae, fragm.).",Parchment,,,67197,,"Berlin fol. 209v ",,,"Script is a broad, easy, informal half-uncial verging on minuscule with some uncial admixture (one of the forms of **F**; **G** regularly): **a** is normally open and resembles u on the Berlin leaves; the eye of **e** is mostly open; the shaft of **l** breaks near the line. For other details see under [Rheims](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1239).",,4,,,,1239,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1475,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1475,"Script is a broad, easy, informal half-uncial verging on minuscule with some uncial admixture (one of the forms of F; G regularly): a is normally open and resembles u on the Berlin leaves; the eye of e is mostly open; the shaft of l breaks near the line. For other details see under Rheims.
","Origin uncertain: the script and the peculiar -bus abbreviation found on the Rheims fragment favour Italy, but South France cannot be excluded. Belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims, where the fragments were used for bindings. The volume which contains the Berlin leaves became the property of the Jesuit Collège de Clermont; it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1475.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1475.jpg 1476,1292,"a-z Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,**852,"Written in North-east France, presumably in the Laon region. The manuscript seems to be a direct copy of the Corbeiensis Paris Lat. 12214 in half-uncial saec. VI (CLA [5.635](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1011)). The Basel fragments were used ca. 1600 for binding works of the Jena professor Leopold Harkelmann (†1619); in 1880 they were presented to the University by the Basel Staatsarchiv. The Freiburg leaf came into the library as a bequest of the philologist Fr. K. Grieshaber (†1866).",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66991",,"Image from the verso of the Freiburg folio ",,http://dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de/diglit/hs483-12,"Script is a regular pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type known as a-z and seen in a number of other manuscripts listed in CLA 6, p. xviii: the distinguishing letters are an angular **a** and a tall **z**; **a** at line-ends occasionally has the uncial form; ligatures are numerous; **ti** ligatures occurs for hard ti. For further details, see under Basel, CLA [7.852](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1305).",,,,,10,1305,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1476,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1476,"Script is a regular pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type known as a-z and seen in a number of other manuscripts listed in CLA 6, p. xviii: the distinguishing letters are an angular a and a tall z; a at line-ends occasionally has the uncial form; ligatures are numerous; ti ligatures occurs for hard ti. For further details, see under Basel, CLA 7.852.
","Written in North-east France, presumably in the Laon region. The manuscript seems to be a direct copy of the Corbeiensis Paris Lat. 12214 in half-uncial saec. VI (CLA 5.635). The Basel fragments were used ca. 1600 for binding works of the Jena professor Leopold Harkelmann (†1619); in 1880 they were presented to the University by the Basel Staatsarchiv. The Freiburg leaf came into the library as a bequest of the philologist Fr. K. Grieshaber (†1866).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1476.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1476.jpg 1477,1227,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,8,**883,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. The Karlsruhe fragments were used for binding an incunabulum (Robert Holcot, Super librum Sapientiae, Basel, 1489) from Ettenheim-Münster in the Black Forest.",3,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium S Iohannis (75–80, 110–111, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67027",,"Image from Tract. 79 and 80 in the Karlsruhe part",,,"Script is a natural, though not very expert, uncial of Italian type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the first upright of **N** descends slightly below the line; the upper right wing of **X** bends down markedly; short horizontals and upper curves have forked finials. For further information see under Engelbert, CLA [7.883](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1337).",,,,,,1337,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1477,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1477,"Script is a natural, though not very expert, uncial of Italian type: the bow of A is pointed; the first upright of N descends slightly below the line; the upper right wing of X bends down markedly; short horizontals and upper curves have forked finials. For further information see under Engelbert, CLA 7.883.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. The Karlsruhe fragments were used for binding an incunabulum (Robert Holcot, Super librum Sapientiae, Basel, 1489) from Ettenheim-Münster in the Black Forest.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1477.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1477.jpg 1478,1226,Uncial,VII²,651,700,8,**949,"Written doubtless in the Lombard Kingdom and probably not far from Bobbio. The manuscript was used for binding and repairing purposes at St Gall. The Karlsruhe fragments were removed from MS Aug. 128 containing the Regula S Benedicti, etc., in St Gall minuscule saec. IX.",,,,"Edictus Rothari (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67093",,"foll. 1 and 2 of Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 144",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/titleinfo/29807,"For other details see under St Gall, CLA [7.949](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1411). Another scrap in Fragm. Aug. 144, containing a fragment of Augustine's Speculum in half-uncial saec. VI, is treated in CLA [8.1121](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1588).",,,,,,1411,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1478,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1478,"For other details see under St Gall, CLA 7.949. Another scrap in Fragm. Aug. 144, containing a fragment of Augustine's Speculum in half-uncial saec. VI, is treated in CLA 8.1121.
","Written doubtless in the Lombard Kingdom and probably not far from Bobbio. The manuscript was used for binding and repairing purposes at St Gall. The Karlsruhe fragments were removed from MS Aug. 128 containing the Regula S Benedicti, etc., in St Gall minuscule saec. IX.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1478.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1478.jpg 1479,1109,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1024,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance unknown. The Altenburg fragment is reported to have formed the binding of legal records from Nischwitz near Altenburg. The Munich fragment is said to come from Hessia; it was purchased from Ludwig Rosenthal in Munich in 1924. The St Petersburg leaf was acquired by Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1935) who allegedly bought many fragments in France and Italy.",3,,,"Hesychius Hierosolymitanus, In Leviticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67170",,"Image from the recto of the Münich fragment",,,"Script is a rather broad, stately, somewhat ornate uncial: the bow of **A** is often flat and pendant; the tail of **𐌾** is long and very thin; the second upright of **N** is spike-like; **S** is often top-heavy; the top of **T** has a thick comma-like serif at each end; **LL** run together; noteworthy is the scribe's expert use of horizontal serifs, so that he seems to write between two ruled lines. For other details see under [St Petersburg](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/320).","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29162 c.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1479,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1479,"Script is a rather broad, stately, somewhat ornate uncial: the bow of A is often flat and pendant; the tail of 𐌾 is long and very thin; the second upright of N is spike-like; S is often top-heavy; the top of T has a thick comma-like serif at each end; LL run together; noteworthy is the scribe's expert use of horizontal serifs, so that he seems to write between two ruled lines. For other details see under St Petersburg.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. Provenance unknown. The Altenburg fragment is reported to have formed the binding of legal records from Nischwitz near Altenburg. The Munich fragment is said to come from Hessia; it was purchased from Ludwig Rosenthal in Munich in 1924. The St Petersburg leaf was acquired by Prof. N. P. Likhachev (†1935) who allegedly bought many fragments in France and Italy.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29162 c.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1479.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1479.jpg 1480,1110,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1025,"Written presumably in Western or Southern Germany, in the centre that produced MS Paris Lat. 2709, not included in CLA. Later in Füssen in Bavaria: the entry 'Iste liber est S. Magni in Faucibus' (fifteenth century) stands on fol. 3. Came to Augsburg by cession of the last abbot in 1822.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67171",,"fol. 67v ",,,"Script is a regular early Caroline minuscule with long ascenders and descenders: **d** has two forms; **g** is short; **r** goes below the line; few ligatures, including **d** with appended **i** (fol. 77); the cedilla of **e** is an elongated oval. Copied apparently from an Insular exemplar: 'tunc' often changed to 'tamen' by a ninth-century corrector; 'pquam' corrected to 'p'quam' (for postquam, fol. 63). A somewhat later hand using Insular **Ᵹ** added several hymns on foll. 131v–132; a tenth-century hand added prayers on fol. 132v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1480,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1480,"Script is a regular early Caroline minuscule with long ascenders and descenders: d has two forms; g is short; r goes below the line; few ligatures, including d with appended i (fol. 77); the cedilla of e is an elongated oval. Copied apparently from an Insular exemplar: 'tunc' often changed to 'tamen' by a ninth-century corrector; 'pquam' corrected to 'p'quam' (for postquam, fol. 63). A somewhat later hand using Insular Ᵹ added several hymns on foll. 131v–132; a tenth-century hand added prayers on fol. 132v.
","Written presumably in Western or Southern Germany, in the centre that produced MS Paris Lat. 2709, not included in CLA. Later in Füssen in Bavaria: the entry 'Iste liber est S. Magni in Faucibus' (fifteenth century) stands on fol. 3. Came to Augsburg by cession of the last abbot in 1822.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1480.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1480.jpg 1481,1111,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,8,1026,"Written presumably at Corbie. Belonged later to the monastery of Michelsberg near Bamberg, according to the ex-libris saec. XVIII on fol. 1a of the main manuscript.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (18, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67172",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is minuscule of the peculiar North French type described fully under CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914); the cedilla of **e** is unusually long and carefully formed. The recto was erased and rewritten with a fifteenth-century index of the main manuscript.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 44",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1481,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1481,"Script is minuscule of the peculiar North French type described fully under CLA 5.554; the cedilla of e is unusually long and carefully formed. The recto was erased and rewritten with a fifteenth-century index of the main manuscript.
","Written presumably at Corbie. Belonged later to the monastery of Michelsberg near Bamberg, according to the ex-libris saec. XVIII on fol. 1a of the main manuscript.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 44
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1481.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1481.jpg 1482,1112,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1027a,"Written in Germany in a centre under Insular influence, in part apparently by Meginfrit, who has been identified but on insufficient grounds with Charlemagne's chamberlain (†800) and whose hand is also seen in CLA [6.787](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1201). Belonged to Bamberg cathedral library. The manuscript was once bound together with MS Patr. 86 (CLA [8.1030](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1486)), according to a fifteenth-century table of contents; the separation probably took place in 1611.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Prv, Ecl, Ct).",Parchment,,,"TM 67173",,"fol. 38v ",,,"Script, in several hands, is a graceful, roundish, early minuscule bearing some resemblance to hands in Metz 76 (CLA [6.787](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1201)): two forms of **a** occur, the open more frequently; the eye of **e** is above the head-line; **i** subscript after **m** and **n**, as in so many Insular manuscripts; **nt** ligature even in mid-word; **ti** ligature used for soft ti. The hand of foll. 76 ff. entered the name Meginfrit, probably the scribe's own, at the end of the text (fol. 93). Hymns were entered on foll. 1 and 93v (saec. X). Corrections and glosses including some German words (saec. XI).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 203. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 23.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1482,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482,"Script, in several hands, is a graceful, roundish, early minuscule bearing some resemblance to hands in Metz 76 (CLA 6.787): two forms of a occur, the open more frequently; the eye of e is above the head-line; i subscript after m and n, as in so many Insular manuscripts; nt ligature even in mid-word; ti ligature used for soft ti. The hand of foll. 76 ff. entered the name Meginfrit, probably the scribe's own, at the end of the text (fol. 93). Hymns were entered on foll. 1 and 93v (saec. X). Corrections and glosses including some German words (saec. XI).
","Written in Germany in a centre under Insular influence, in part apparently by Meginfrit, who has been identified but on insufficient grounds with Charlemagne's chamberlain (†800) and whose hand is also seen in CLA 6.787. Belonged to Bamberg cathedral library. The manuscript was once bound together with MS Patr. 86 (CLA 8.1030), according to a fifteenth-century table of contents; the separation probably took place in 1611.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 203. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 23.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1482.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1482.jpg 1483,1113,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1027b,"Written in Germany, in the same scriptorium as the Libri Salomonis described in the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482). Later in the Bamberg cathedral library.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani.",Parchment,,,"TM 67174",,"fol. 98 ",,,"Script is a crude minuscule showing Insular influence: **a** has two forms; **g** has the Insular form; the first few lines and the insertion on fol. 98 are in the roundish, graceful minuscule used by one of the scribes of the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482). Part of foll. 100 and 101v are in contemporary Caroline minuscule over erasure. A tenth-century hand entered hymns on foll. 94 and 101v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 203.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1483,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1483,"Script is a crude minuscule showing Insular influence: a has two forms; g has the Insular form; the first few lines and the insertion on fol. 98 are in the roundish, graceful minuscule used by one of the scribes of the preceding item. Part of foll. 100 and 101v are in contemporary Caroline minuscule over erasure. A tenth-century hand entered hymns on foll. 94 and 101v.
","Written in Germany, in the same scriptorium as the Libri Salomonis described in the preceding item. Later in the Bamberg cathedral library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 203.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1483.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1483.jpg 1484,1114,Uncial,V,401,500,8,1028,"Written in Italy, to judge by the excellent script. Mentioned in an inventory of manuscripts which the Emperor Otto III found at Piacenza 'sibi reservatos' in the years 998–1001. Given to Bamberg cathedral probably by his successor Henry II (1002–1024), who in 1007 founded the Bamberg episcopal see. A copy made at Bamberg in the eleventh century is now MS Class. 35 (M. IV. 9). Dismembered for repairing manuscripts or bindings in the fifteenth century. The fragments were discovered in the paper MS Theol. 99 (Q. IV. 27) saec. XV from the Bamberg Carmelite monastery and in MS Bibl. 41 (B. II. 16) saec. XI from the cathedral library; the tenth-century manuscript with the offset, Patr. 4, comes from the same library.",3,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (31–40, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67175",,"fol. III",,,"Script is a small, graceful uncial of an ancient type by a master scribe: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high; **NT** occur in ligature. ","☛M. Tischler, 'Neue Fragmente der spätantiken Bamberger Livius-Handschrift (CLA VIII. 1028 Addenda)' [Scriptorium 54 (2000) 268–280](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_2000_num_54_2_2907).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1484,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1484,"Script is a small, graceful uncial of an ancient type by a master scribe: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high; NT occur in ligature.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the excellent script. Mentioned in an inventory of manuscripts which the Emperor Otto III found at Piacenza 'sibi reservatos' in the years 998–1001. Given to Bamberg cathedral probably by his successor Henry II (1002–1024), who in 1007 founded the Bamberg episcopal see. A copy made at Bamberg in the eleventh century is now MS Class. 35 (M. IV. 9). Dismembered for repairing manuscripts or bindings in the fifteenth century. The fragments were discovered in the paper MS Theol. 99 (Q. IV. 27) saec. XV from the Bamberg Carmelite monastery and in MS Bibl. 41 (B. II. 16) saec. XI from the cathedral library; the tenth-century manuscript with the offset, Patr. 4, comes from the same library.
","☛M. Tischler, 'Neue Fragmente der spätantiken Bamberger Livius-Handschrift (CLA VIII. 1028 Addenda)' Scriptorium 54 (2000) 268–280.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1484.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1484.jpg 1485,1115,"Beneventan Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1029,"Written in a Beneventan scriptorium. The text of Mallius Theodorus is closely akin to that of the Beneventan MS Paris Lat. 7530 (CLA [5.569](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/931)) written at Monte Cassino between 779 and 797. Brought from Italy perhaps by the Emperor Otto III (†1002) or Henry II (†1024) and presented by the latter to Bamberg cathedral.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Institutiones; Mallius Theodorus, De Metris; Sisebutus, Carmen de Eclipsibus Solis et Lunae; Gregorius Turonensis, De Cursu Stellarum; Isidorus, De Natura Rerum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67176",,"fol. 16 ",,http://bsbsbb.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de/~db/0000/sbb00000157/images/index.html,"Script is an early stage of Beneventan minuscule: **a** is mostly open; **c** is frequently broken; the uncial form of **d** is the rule; **i**-longa occurs initially (Igitur, adIunxi); numerous ligatures, including **gi**, **nt**, **sp**, **ta**, **tu**; **mi** and hard **ti** ligatures are used indifferently. Some corrections by the main scribe, others by later hands. Greek alphabets in majuscule and in somewhat poor minuscule and a Latin note on cattle were added, probably saec. X, on fol. 103v.",,,,14,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1485,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1485,"Script is an early stage of Beneventan minuscule: a is mostly open; c is frequently broken; the uncial form of d is the rule; i-longa occurs initially (Igitur, adIunxi); numerous ligatures, including gi, nt, sp, ta, tu; mi and hard ti ligatures are used indifferently. Some corrections by the main scribe, others by later hands. Greek alphabets in majuscule and in somewhat poor minuscule and a Latin note on cattle were added, probably saec. X, on fol. 103v.
","Written in a Beneventan scriptorium. The text of Mallius Theodorus is closely akin to that of the Beneventan MS Paris Lat. 7530 (CLA 5.569) written at Monte Cassino between 779 and 797. Brought from Italy perhaps by the Emperor Otto III (†1002) or Henry II (†1024) and presented by the latter to Bamberg cathedral.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1485.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1485.jpg 1486,1116,"Caroline Minuscule, Mixed Half-Uncial, and Cursive Minuscule","IX in",799,836,8,1030,"Written presumably at Amiens for Jesse, bishop of that city (799–836), who probably used this book for his Epistula de baptismo in the year 812: on fol. 1v after the title is the entry 'IESSE PONTIFEX VTERE FELIX'. Cambridge Magdalene College MS Pepys 2981, 1 (CLA [2.131](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/444)), Leiden MS Voss. F. 26 (CLA [10.1579](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/308)), and Poitiers MS 17 (CLA [6.821](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1235)) apparently come from the same scriptorium. Belonged to the Bamberg cathedral library: the ex-libris saec. XVII is on the paper fly-leaf. Was bound up with the second part of MS Class. 3 (CLA [8.1027a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1482)), to judge by the fifteenth-century table of contents.",,,,"Hieronymus, Contra Iovinianum; Rufinus, Expositio Symboli.",Parchment,,,"TM 67177",,"foll. 4v and 74v ",,http://bsbsbb.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de/~db/0000/sbb00000165/images/index.html,"Script is mainly Caroline minuscule: **a**, **d**, and **n** have two forms; a curious type of half-uncial mixed with uncial (**R**, **S**, and here and there **ꝺ**) and a cursive minuscule, apparently by the main hand, appear in the 'verba Ioviniani'. Notes and corrections saec. IX and XI–XII.",,3,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1486,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1486,"Script is mainly Caroline minuscule: a, d, and n have two forms; a curious type of half-uncial mixed with uncial (R, S, and here and there ꝺ) and a cursive minuscule, apparently by the main hand, appear in the 'verba Ioviniani'. Notes and corrections saec. IX and XI–XII.
","Written presumably at Amiens for Jesse, bishop of that city (799–836), who probably used this book for his Epistula de baptismo in the year 812: on fol. 1v after the title is the entry 'IESSE PONTIFEX VTERE FELIX'. Cambridge Magdalene College MS Pepys 2981, 1 (CLA 2.131), Leiden MS Voss. F. 26 (CLA 10.1579), and Poitiers MS 17 (CLA 6.821) apparently come from the same scriptorium. Belonged to the Bamberg cathedral library: the ex-libris saec. XVII is on the paper fly-leaf. Was bound up with the second part of MS Class. 3 (CLA 8.1027a), to judge by the fifteenth-century table of contents.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1486.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1486.jpg 1489,1117,Half-Uncial,VI,541,600,8,1031,"Written doubtless in South Italy, in the same school as Vatic. Lat. 3375 (CLA [1.16](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/20)). Used by an Anglo-Saxon in the later eighth century. The manuscript was most likely in Rome in the ninth century, to judge by the entry in curial script. Apparently still in Italy in the tenth century. Reached the Bamberg cathedral library probably during the reign of the Emperor Henry II (1002–1024).",,,,"Hieronymus-Gennadius, De Viris Illustribus; Augustinus, De Liber de Haeresibus, De Cura Pro Mortuis Gerenda, Encheiridion; Hieronymus, Epistulae (221–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67178",,"fol. 95 ",,http://bsbsbb.bsb.lrz-muenchen.de/~db/0000/sbb00000166/images/index.html,"Script is well formed half-uncial by an expert scribe: the tail of **Ᵹ** is unusually round and full; the shoulder of **r** sweeps down very low; **u** near line-end is often a bold suprascript flourish; the two limbs of **y** fork at the base-line; various ligatures, including **NE**. Greek titles or words occurring in the text are in normal or sloping uncial. Small sloping uncial with a characteristic uncial form of **𐌾** is used for corrections and marginal summaries, which are often entered in the form of a triangle (foll. 81 ff.). An entry in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII² on fol. 105v, a note in the script of the papal curia saec. IX on fol. 79v. Other entries in tenth-century Italian minuscule in grey ink on foll. 1v, 2rv.","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus (M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), pp. 5–16).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1489,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1489,"Script is well formed half-uncial by an expert scribe: the tail of Ᵹ is unusually round and full; the shoulder of r sweeps down very low; u near line-end is often a bold suprascript flourish; the two limbs of y fork at the base-line; various ligatures, including NE. Greek titles or words occurring in the text are in normal or sloping uncial. Small sloping uncial with a characteristic uncial form of 𐌾 is used for corrections and marginal summaries, which are often entered in the form of a triangle (foll. 81 ff.). An entry in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII² on fol. 105v, a note in the script of the papal curia saec. IX on fol. 79v. Other entries in tenth-century Italian minuscule in grey ink on foll. 1v, 2rv.
","Written doubtless in South Italy, in the same school as Vatic. Lat. 3375 (CLA 1.16). Used by an Anglo-Saxon in the later eighth century. The manuscript was most likely in Rome in the ninth century, to judge by the entry in curial script. Apparently still in Italy in the tenth century. Reached the Bamberg cathedral library probably during the reign of the Emperor Henry II (1002–1024).
","☛Glossed by the priest Donatus (M. Palma, Scrittura e Civiltà 24 (2000), pp. 5–16).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1489.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1489.jpg 1490,1118,Uncial,VIII²,751,800,8,1032,"Written presumably in Italy. The manuscript must have reached Germany at an early date, since a late eighth-century Tegernsee volume, CLM 18092 (cf. CLA 9), seems to be a direct copy. The fragment was used for binding the accounts for the years 1624/1625 of the Inneres Kurhaus at Bamberg (Bamberg Stadtarchiv Gr. B. 9 Nr. 550 Inneres Kurhaus 1624/5).",3,,,"Homiliarium Alani (Pars Hiemalis).",Parchment,,,"TM 67179",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a late but rather well formed uncial: the eye of **E** is sometimes open; **h** and **L** begin with a horizontal tag; **LL** run together; the upper right limb of **X** is longish and well curved. A word in early minuscule added interlinearly. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1490,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1490,"Script is a late but rather well formed uncial: the eye of E is sometimes open; h and L begin with a horizontal tag; LL run together; the upper right limb of X is longish and well curved. A word in early minuscule added interlinearly.
","Written presumably in Italy. The manuscript must have reached Germany at an early date, since a late eighth-century Tegernsee volume, CLM 18092 (cf. CLA 9), seems to be a direct copy. The fragment was used for binding the accounts for the years 1624/1625 of the Inneres Kurhaus at Bamberg (Bamberg Stadtarchiv Gr. B. 9 Nr. 550 Inneres Kurhaus 1624/5).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1490.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1490.jpg 1491,1119,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,350,450,8,1033,"Written apparently in the same region as the Livy Epitome, and presumably in Egypt where it was found. Removed to Russia after 1945.",,,,"De Iudiciis (fragm.); Ulpianus (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 62941",,"Image from the recto and verso ",,,"Script is a squarish, early half-uncial recalling the archaic half-uncial of the Livy Epitome (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526)): **A**, **E**, **G**, **S** are uncial; **b**, **d**, **r** are distinctly half-uncial; **m** approaches the half-uncial form; the bows of **b**, **d**, **o**, **q** are open at the top; the first stroke of **N** descends below the line; the form of **S** is noteworthy; **u** is almost cup-shaped.","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow: S Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010) 65. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.2, pl. 14. ☛Mallon, L'écriture latine, pl. 47. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 75.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1491,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1491,"Script is a squarish, early half-uncial recalling the archaic half-uncial of the Livy Epitome (CLA 2.208): A, E, G, S are uncial; b, d, r are distinctly half-uncial; m approaches the half-uncial form; the bows of b, d, o, q are open at the top; the first stroke of N descends below the line; the form of S is noteworthy; u is almost cup-shaped.
","Written apparently in the same region as the Livy Epitome, and presumably in Egypt where it was found. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow: S Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010) 65. ☛Seider, Paläographie II.2, pl. 14. ☛Mallon, L'écriture latine, pl. 47. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 75.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1491.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1491.jpg 1492,1120,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1034,"Written probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Parchment,,,"TM 64985",,"Image shows both sides of the entire fragment ",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/01672/,"Script is a small, roundish uncial of the type found in the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and other legal manuscripts with the characteristic forms of **B** and **R**: the **B** rises well above the line; the first stroke of **R** descends below the line and the last stroke is horizontal. A marginal Greek scholion in small contemporary uncial contains the Latin word 'paganorum'.","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen Papyrussammlung P. 6758.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1492,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1492,"Script is a small, roundish uncial of the type found in the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and other legal manuscripts with the characteristic forms of B and R: the B rises well above the line; the first stroke of R descends below the line and the last stroke is horizontal. A marginal Greek scholion in small contemporary uncial contains the Latin word 'paganorum'.
","Written probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen Papyrussammlung P. 6758.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1492.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1492.jpg 1493,1121,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1035,"Written probably in Byzantium. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani (?).",Parchment,,,"TM 64986",,"Image shows both sides of P. 6759",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/01673/,"Script is uncial of a type recalling that of the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and other legal codices: the bow of **A** is a thin oval and forms a right angle with the shaft; **B** is tall; the bow of **P** is open; the shaft of **R** goes far below the line and the last stroke is short and almost horizontal. Marginalia in small half-uncial of an early type.","☛Removed to Russia in 1945; present location unknown. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 6759. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 6761.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1493,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1493,"Script is uncial of a type recalling that of the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and other legal codices: the bow of A is a thin oval and forms a right angle with the shaft; B is tall; the bow of P is open; the shaft of R goes far below the line and the last stroke is short and almost horizontal. Marginalia in small half-uncial of an early type.
","Written probably in Byzantium. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Removed to Russia in 1945; present location unknown. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 6759. ☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 6761.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1493.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1493.jpg 1494,1122,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1036,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in Arabic. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Lc 7.12–13, 34, Graece).",Parchment,,,"TM 67180",,"Image shows recto and verso of the entire fragment ",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/01674/,"Script is uncial apparently of Italian type: the bow of **A** hangs above the base-line; the third stroke of **N** is distinctly comma-shaped. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1494,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1494,"Script is uncial apparently of Italian type: the bow of A hangs above the base-line; the third stroke of N is distinctly comma-shaped.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Used for rewriting in Arabic. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1494.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1494.jpg 1495,1123,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1037,"Written in the East Roman Empire, possibly in Byzantium. Found in Egypt. The Berlin fragments were removed to Russia after 1945. The Paris fragments could not be located in 1950.",,,,"Papinianus, De Bonorum Possessione (Responsa 5, 9, with Greek glosses); Paulus Iuridicus; Ulpianus.",Parchment,,,"TM 62356",,"Image shows the more legible recto of P. 6762 and both sides of P. 6763",,,"Script is a rather small uncial of the characteristic type found in the Florentine Pandects and in various legal fragments from Egypt (see CLA [2.211](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/529); [3.292](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624) and [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627); [4.488](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835)): **B** has the typical tall form; the last stroke of **R** is almost horizontal. Greek scholia occur in fine small characters.","☛E. Turner, Typology, p. 126 (AD4–AD5), Lowe (AD6); S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1495,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1495,"Script is a rather small uncial of the characteristic type found in the Florentine Pandects and in various legal fragments from Egypt (see CLA 2.211; 3.292 and 3.295; 4.488): B has the typical tall form; the last stroke of R is almost horizontal. Greek scholia occur in fine small characters.
","Written in the East Roman Empire, possibly in Byzantium. Found in Egypt. The Berlin fragments were removed to Russia after 1945. The Paris fragments could not be located in 1950.
","☛E. Turner, Typology, p. 126 (AD4–AD5), Lowe (AD6); S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1495.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1495.jpg 1496,1124,"Cursive Capital","I (37–61)",37,61,8,1038,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",0,,,"Orationes Claudii Imperatoris (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66432",,"Image from col. II",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/02461/,"Script is cursive capital: the forms of **ꝺ**, **E**, **G**, **h**, **q** are forerunners of the uncial forms; **B** and **R** are pure cursive; **M** is broad and sprawling. The Greek numeral ‘APN’ is seen below the lower right-hand corner of the third column.","☛ChLA 10.418. ☛CPL 236.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1496,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1496,"Script is cursive capital: the forms of ꝺ, E, G, h, q are forerunners of the uncial forms; B and R are pure cursive; M is broad and sprawling. The Greek numeral ‘APN’ is seen below the lower right-hand corner of the third column.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛ChLA 10.418. ☛CPL 236.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1496.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1496.jpg 1498,1125,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,8,1039,"Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Anteiustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 64537",,"Image shows both sides of the written area",,,"Script is an early sloping half-uncial of the type seen in the legal fragment Oxford Bodl. Lat. Class, g. 1 (P) (CLA [2.248](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)): **b**, **d**, **m**, **r** are half-uncial; the forms of **m** and **r** are angular and recall those seen in the fragments De Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501)); **H** is broad and capital; the base of **L** extends horizontally below the following letter; the middle stroke of **N** is thin, as in Greek.","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11323.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1498,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1498,"Script is an early sloping half-uncial of the type seen in the legal fragment Oxford Bodl. Lat. Class, g. 1 (P) (CLA 2.248): b, d, m, r are half-uncial; the forms of m and r are angular and recall those seen in the fragments De Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042); H is broad and capital; the base of L extends horizontally below the following letter; the middle stroke of N is thin, as in Greek.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11323.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1498.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1498.jpg 1499,1126,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,8,1040,"Origin uncertain, presumably in the East; Arabia is mentioned in the text, and so is a petition to the emperor. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",3,,,"Registrum Petitionum (fragm.); Ulpianus, De Officio Proconsuli (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 64538",,"Image shows both sides of the more legible folio ",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/04489/,"Script is a curious early half-uncial of individual character with letters varying in size, showing some family resemblance to the Sallust papyrus in Oxford (CLA [2.246](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/565)): **a** is looped at the head-line; **𐌾** is uncial and its bow is inflated; **H** is capital; **I** is mostly tall, **L** short and angular; the two uprights of **N** are unequal; **S** has the uncial form and descends below the line; the top of final **ꞇ** ends in an upward tag to the left.","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11324.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1499,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1499,"Script is a curious early half-uncial of individual character with letters varying in size, showing some family resemblance to the Sallust papyrus in Oxford (CLA 2.246): a is looped at the head-line; 𐌾 is uncial and its bow is inflated; H is capital; I is mostly tall, L short and angular; the two uprights of N are unequal; S has the uncial form and descends below the line; the top of final ꞇ ends in an upward tag to the left.
","Origin uncertain, presumably in the East; Arabia is mentioned in the text, and so is a petition to the emperor. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11324.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1499.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1499.jpg 1500,1127,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,8,1041,"Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",0,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 64838",,"Image shows both sides of the entire fragment ",,,"Script is an early sloping half-uncial of the type seen in the legal fragment Oxford Bodl. Lat. Class, g. 1 (P) (CLA [2.248](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)): **d** is half-uncial; **E** and **T** are in the Greek style of script.","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11325.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1500,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1500,"Script is an early sloping half-uncial of the type seen in the legal fragment Oxford Bodl. Lat. Class, g. 1 (P) (CLA 2.248): d is half-uncial; E and T are in the Greek style of script.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 11325.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1500.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1500.jpg 1501,1128,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,8,1042,"Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. The Berlin fragments were removed to Russia after 1945.",0,,,"Paulus Iuridicus, De Formula Fabiana, Ad Plautium (8).",Parchment,,,"TM 62360",,"Image shows the written area on both sides of the largest Berlin fragment",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/00224/,"Script is a characteristic somewhat angular sloping early half-uncial; **𐌾** approaches the uncial form and has an extra stroke at the head-line; **i**-longa here and there, especially after **Ꞇ**; **l** goes below the line and forms a right angle at the foot; **r** descends below the line and is noteworthy. Other details under [Vienna](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136).",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1501,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501,"Script is a characteristic somewhat angular sloping early half-uncial; 𐌾 approaches the uncial form and has an extra stroke at the head-line; i-longa here and there, especially after Ꞇ; l goes below the line and forms a right angle at the foot; r descends below the line and is noteworthy. Other details under Vienna.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. The Berlin fragments were removed to Russia after 1945.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1501.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1501.jpg 1502,1129,Uncial,V,401,500,8,1043,"Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.",0,,,"Cicero, Pro Plancio (27–28, 46–47).",Parchment,,,"TM 59456",,"Image shows verso and recto of fragment A",,,"Script is a somewhat exotic, dainty uncial of an early type. Perhaps a pocket copy. ","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 13229 a–b.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1502,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1502,"Script is a somewhat exotic, dainty uncial of an early type. Perhaps a pocket copy.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Hermopolis (El-Ashmunên), Egypt. Removed to Russia after 1945.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatliche Museen P. 13229 a–b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1502.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1502.jpg 1504,1130,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1044,"Written probably in a Frankish area, and, at least in part, most likely at Charlemagne's court; it was probably there that the second scribe an Italian, to judge by the script entered some of the early court poetry and a highly interesting catalogue of classics. Belonged to St Faustinus at Brescia. Later in the Bologaro-Crevenna collection where it bore the number 3035; from 1790 in the possession of the Dutch philologist Laurentius Santen (†1798). Then acquired by the prelate v. Diez, whose collection was given to the Berlin Royal Library in 1817.",,,,"Porfyrius Optatianus, Carmen 25; Petrus Diaconus, Ars Grammatica; Excerpta Didactica, Praecipue Grammatica; Tractatus de Alphabeto; Victorinus, De Finalibus; Pompeius, Commentum Artis Donati, De Quantitate Syllabarum; Isidorus, Etymologiae; Crucem Tuam Adoramus; Magnificat; Tractatus de Alphabeto; Expositio in Artem Minorem Donati; Notae Grammaticae; Servius, In Vergilii Georgica; De Capris; Versus: Qui Novus Aethera...; Disticha Catonis; Versus: Cum Sacra Donatus...; Notae Grammaticae; De Homine (nota); De Pippini Regis Victoria Avarica; Donatus, Ars Grammatica; Pompeius, Commentum in Librum 3 Artis Donati; De Regibus Latinorum; Catalogus Librorum Antiquorum; Carmina; Angilbertus Centulensis, Ad Petrum Diaconum; Carolus Magnus, Ad Petrum Diaconum; Paulus Diaconus, Ad Petrum Diaconus; Fiducia, Ad Angilramum Archiepiscopum Mettensem; Fiducia(?), Versus; Servius, De Centum Metris; Theodorus, De Metris; 'Fragmentum Berolinense' De Heroo et Triametro; De Specibus Hexametri Heroici; De Heroo; De Genere et Speciebus; Commentarius in de Centum Metris Servii; De Metris; De Centum Metris; Diomedes, Ars Grammatica; De Homine; Columbanus, Epistola ad Fidolium; Ruderlied; Notae Grammaticae; Sergius, Explanationes in Artem Donati; Pompeius, Commentum Artis Donati De Interiectione; Isidorus, Etymologiae; De Voce et Littera; Donatus Ars Grammatica (2); Glossarium Graeco-Latine; Gennadius Massiliensis, De Dogmatibus Ecclesiasticis; Ps.-Augustinus, De Fide ad Petrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67181",,"pp. 63 and 220 ",,,"Script in parts of the manuscript is early Caroline minuscule (p. 3–66, 68–116, 129–216), elsewhere contemporary pre-Caroline with some cursive features: **a** is regularly open; **g** has the Insular form; **i**-longa is frequent; a characteristic form of **s**, standing on the line, is v-shaped with the second stroke curving above the head-line; some ligatures recall forms in Italian cursive: **ce**, **ep**, **ess** (p. 321), **etr** with **t** forming almost a closed circle (p. 272). Later additions on p. 66, 67.","☛B. L. Ullman, 'A list of classical manuscripts (in an English-century codex) perhaps from Corbie' [Scriptorium 8 (1954) 24–37](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1954_num_8_1_2501).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1504,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1504,"Script in parts of the manuscript is early Caroline minuscule (p. 3–66, 68–116, 129–216), elsewhere contemporary pre-Caroline with some cursive features: a is regularly open; g has the Insular form; i-longa is frequent; a characteristic form of s, standing on the line, is v-shaped with the second stroke curving above the head-line; some ligatures recall forms in Italian cursive: ce, ep, ess (p. 321), etr with t forming almost a closed circle (p. 272). Later additions on p. 66, 67.
","Written probably in a Frankish area, and, at least in part, most likely at Charlemagne's court; it was probably there that the second scribe an Italian, to judge by the script entered some of the early court poetry and a highly interesting catalogue of classics. Belonged to St Faustinus at Brescia. Later in the Bologaro-Crevenna collection where it bore the number 3035; from 1790 in the possession of the Dutch philologist Laurentius Santen (†1798). Then acquired by the prelate v. Diez, whose collection was given to the Berlin Royal Library in 1817.
","☛B. L. Ullman, 'A list of classical manuscripts (in an English-century codex) perhaps from Corbie' Scriptorium 8 (1954) 24–37.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1504.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1504.jpg 1505,1131,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1045,"Written presumably in England. The fragments were taken from the binding of Berlin Theol. Lat. fol. 346 (CLA [8.1066](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1527)), an early Carolingian manuscript from Werden, containing Augustinus in Evangelium lohannis.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (In Genesim 18–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 67182",,"Image shows one side of the less broad fragment",,,"Script is somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, slightly inclined to the left: **d** has two forms, majuscule and minuscule; **n**, **r**, and **ꞅ** are generally minuscule; the tail or lower half of **Ᵹ** sweeps boldly to the right. Corrections in grey ink are in Caroline minuscule saec. IX.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1505,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1505,"Script is somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule, slightly inclined to the left: d has two forms, majuscule and minuscule; n, r, and ꞅ are generally minuscule; the tail or lower half of Ᵹ sweeps boldly to the right. Corrections in grey ink are in Caroline minuscule saec. IX.
","Written presumably in England. The fragments were taken from the binding of Berlin Theol. Lat. fol. 346 (CLA 8.1066), an early Carolingian manuscript from Werden, containing Augustinus in Evangelium lohannis.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1505.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1505.jpg 1506,1132,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1046,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Later history unknown. Acquired by the Berlin library in 1937.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (34.15–18).",Parchment,,,"TM 67183",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of an Italian type with many cursive elements: **d** has the uncial form; the shoulder of **r** occasionally extends over the following letter; **u** occurs suprascript; descenders are pointed. ",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1506,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1506,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of an Italian type with many cursive elements: d has the uncial form; the shoulder of r occasionally extends over the following letter; u occurs suprascript; descenders are pointed.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script. Later history unknown. Acquired by the Berlin library in 1937.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1506.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1506.jpg 1507,1133,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,8,1047,"Written presumably at Corbie. Bought with the Hamilton collection by the Berlin Royal Library in 1883. ",,,,"Canones Conciliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67184",,"fol. 237v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a French type called a-b from its distinguishing letters (for the list of manuscripts in this type see CLA 6, p. xxv f.; see also [5.554](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/914) for a fuller description of the script). Many passages erased and rewritten in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ at the same time that many leaves were added. Notae Tironianae occur, e.g. on foll. 130, 185v. An eleventh-century hand entered a catalogue on fol. 254, originally left blank. The names of the Greek letters were added in barbarous Latin on fol. 175v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 353. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 47.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1507,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1507,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a French type called a-b from its distinguishing letters (for the list of manuscripts in this type see CLA 6, p. xxv f.; see also 5.554 for a fuller description of the script). Many passages erased and rewritten in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ at the same time that many leaves were added. Notae Tironianae occur, e.g. on foll. 130, 185v. An eleventh-century hand entered a catalogue on fol. 254, originally left blank. The names of the Greek letters were added in barbarous Latin on fol. 175v.
","Written presumably at Corbie. Bought with the Hamilton collection by the Berlin Royal Library in 1883.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 353. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 47.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1507.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1507.jpg 1508,1134,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,8,1048,"Written in Northumbria. Belonged later to the monastery of St John at Laon, but there is no evidence for the tradition connecting it with St Salaberga (†665), the founder and abbess of that monastery; a twelfth-century inventory of St John's is entered on fol. 26v. Bought by the Berlin Royal Library with the Hamilton Collection in 1883.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium et Cantica (Vetus Latina).",Parchment,"Salaberga Psalter.",,"TM 67185",,"fol. 47 ",,,"Script is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule by several scribes: **d** has both majuscule and minuscule forms, **N** and **R** are regularly majuscule, **S** mostly; uncial **A** occurs at line-ends; **g** has two forms, noteworthy is the uncial form with its curious tail; ligatures include **NM** and **NS** (in dnm, dns), **NN** (with a stroke above for nomen), and **NT**; the letters at line-ends and especially on the last line often assume fantastic forms and have lace-like arabesques hanging from the shafts (a Northumbrian feature). Corrections in eighth-century Insular majuscule and minuscule.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1613.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1508,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1508,"Script is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule by several scribes: d has both majuscule and minuscule forms, N and R are regularly majuscule, S mostly; uncial A occurs at line-ends; g has two forms, noteworthy is the uncial form with its curious tail; ligatures include NM and NS (in dnm, dns), NN (with a stroke above for nomen), and NT; the letters at line-ends and especially on the last line often assume fantastic forms and have lace-like arabesques hanging from the shafts (a Northumbrian feature). Corrections in eighth-century Insular majuscule and minuscule.
","Written in Northumbria. Belonged later to the monastery of St John at Laon, but there is no evidence for the tradition connecting it with St Salaberga (†665), the founder and abbess of that monastery; a twelfth-century inventory of St John's is entered on fol. 26v. Bought by the Berlin Royal Library with the Hamilton Collection in 1883.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1613.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1508.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1508.jpg 1509,1135,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1049,"Written apparently in France, to judge by the script and orthography. Belonged to P. Pithou (†1596). Later in the possession of the Marquis Le Peletier-Rosanbo, and then in the Bibliothèque de Rosny. MS 270 was acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1837. MS 636 belonged to Lord Ashburnham and was bought for Berlin at the Ashburnham sale in 1901.",,,,"Codex Theodosianus; Isidorus, Etymologiae (5.1–27, 9.3–6 ).",Parchment,,,"TM 67186",,"fol. 15 of MS. 270",,,"Script is early minuscule by several hands: **a** has two forms; uncial **ꝺ** by one hand; the shaft of **h** tends to bend to the left or is even sinuous; script of the index in MS 636, fol. 1, is interspersed with many uncial elements (**F**, **𐌾**, **M**, **R**, **S**). An early ninth-century hand added the Notae Vaticanae in MS 636, foll. 14–16v; other additions saec. IX–X. A curious Nota-monogram occurs frequently in both parts.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 367.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1509,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1509,"Script is early minuscule by several hands: a has two forms; uncial ꝺ by one hand; the shaft of h tends to bend to the left or is even sinuous; script of the index in MS 636, fol. 1, is interspersed with many uncial elements (F, 𐌾, M, R, S). An early ninth-century hand added the Notae Vaticanae in MS 636, foll. 14–16v; other additions saec. IX–X. A curious Nota-monogram occurs frequently in both parts.
","Written apparently in France, to judge by the script and orthography. Belonged to P. Pithou (†1596). Later in the possession of the Marquis Le Peletier-Rosanbo, and then in the Bibliothèque de Rosny. MS 270 was acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1837. MS 636 belonged to Lord Ashburnham and was bought for Berlin at the Ashburnham sale in 1901.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 367.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1509.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1509.jpg 1510,1136,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,8,1050,"Written presumably in Italy. Belonged probably to Hildesheim cathedral library. The manuscript was not dismembered before the thirteenth century. The Hildesheim leaf, which survives only as an offset, was used in the binding of a theological manuscript saec. XIII given to the cathedral library by Rodolfus de Lewen in the fourteenth century. The Berlin fragment has been inaccessible since 1945.",3,,,"Ps- Apuleius, De Herbarum Virtutibus (23, 24, 32, 92, 93).",Parchment,,,"TM 67187",,"Image from the verso of the Berlin leaf",,,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial: the lower bow of **B** is broad; the uprights of **h** and **L** are topped with a horizontal finial; **S** is top-heavy; the two branches of **Y** meet at the base-line. A thirteenth century hand annotated the illustrations.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1510,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1510,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial: the lower bow of B is broad; the uprights of h and L are topped with a horizontal finial; S is top-heavy; the two branches of Y meet at the base-line. A thirteenth century hand annotated the illustrations.
","Written presumably in Italy. Belonged probably to Hildesheim cathedral library. The manuscript was not dismembered before the thirteenth century. The Hildesheim leaf, which survives only as an offset, was used in the binding of a theological manuscript saec. XIII given to the cathedral library by Rodolfus de Lewen in the fourteenth century. The Berlin fragment has been inaccessible since 1945.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1510.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1510.jpg 1511,1137,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1051,"Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script. The leaves were used there at the end of the Middle Ages for binding purposes. The entry 'Liber mon. S. Petri in Wissenburg' saec. XV or XVI in. is seen in Paris Lat. 2175 (foll. 1, 1v , 128v), in Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 63 (fol. 3 and front fly-leaf), 66 (fol. 1), 67 (fol. 1), 77 (front fly-leaf verso), and in Würzburg M. p. th. f. 34 (foll. Bv, 17). This last manuscript belonged later to the Jesuit convent of Molsheim in Alsatia (cf. the ex-libris saec. XVII on fol. B). The history of the Berlin leaf is not known, but its measurements are approximately the same as those of Wolfenbüttel Nov. 404.2 No. 4, so both leaves may have been taken out of the same binding.",,,,"Vitae et Passiones Sanctorum (Arnulfus; Fides, Spes et Caritas; Genovefa; Iohannes Evang.; Iulianus; Polycarpus; Simeon; Theogenes, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67188",,"Image from the Wolfenbüttel Weissenb. 67, front fly-leaf",,,"Script is a more or less regular early Caroline minuscule by several scribes, one of whom was probably Adallandus who wrote parts of Wolfenbüttel MS Weiss. 14 (see CLA [9.1384](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887)); older forms such as **N**, **r** going below the line, and **ꞇ** with the horizontal curving down to the line on the left are still used by some hands. For other details see under [Leiden](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/137).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 369.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1511,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1511,"Script is a more or less regular early Caroline minuscule by several scribes, one of whom was probably Adallandus who wrote parts of Wolfenbüttel MS Weiss. 14 (see CLA 9.1384); older forms such as N, r going below the line, and ꞇ with the horizontal curving down to the line on the left are still used by some hands. For other details see under Leiden.
","Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script. The leaves were used there at the end of the Middle Ages for binding purposes. The entry 'Liber mon. S. Petri in Wissenburg' saec. XV or XVI in. is seen in Paris Lat. 2175 (foll. 1, 1v , 128v), in Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 63 (fol. 3 and front fly-leaf), 66 (fol. 1), 67 (fol. 1), 77 (front fly-leaf verso), and in Würzburg M. p. th. f. 34 (foll. Bv, 17). This last manuscript belonged later to the Jesuit convent of Molsheim in Alsatia (cf. the ex-libris saec. XVII on fol. B). The history of the Berlin leaf is not known, but its measurements are approximately the same as those of Wolfenbüttel Nov. 404.2 No. 4, so both leaves may have been taken out of the same binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 369.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1511.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1511.jpg 1512,1139,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1052,"Written in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by script and initials. Came to Bavaria probably with the Anglo-Saxon missionaries. For the suggestion that Boniface himself in 739 presented this volume to Bishop Gaubald of Regensburg (739–761), there exists no authentic proof; additions in the Calendar and especially the entry of the name of the Regensburg martyr, St Emmeram, suggest that the manuscript was already at Regensburg in the eighth century. Later dismembered and used for bindings. Both bifolia were acquired at Regensburg. The Berlin fragment is now kept in the Universitätsbibliothek in Tübingen.",,,,"Kalendarium et Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67189",,"Image from Berlin fol. 2 ",,,"Script, by a master penman, is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule recalling the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA [2.152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467)): uncial and minuscule **d** are used; **n** and **r** are mostly minuscule, **S** mostly majuscule. Some entries in the Calendar which clearly refer to Bavaria and Regensburg are in Anglo-Saxon compressed majuscule verging on minuscule, saec. VIII², of the type seen in Munich CLM 14080 and 14653 from Regensburg; another entry is in pre-Caroline minuscule resembling Beneventan, saec. VIII, and yet another is in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX.","☛K. Gamber. 'Fragmentblätter eines Regensburger Evangeliars aus dem Ende des 8. Jahrhunderts.' [Scriptorium 34 (1980) 72–77](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1980_num_34_1_1158).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1512,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1512,"Script, by a master penman, is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule recalling the Durham Cassiodorus (CLA 2.152): uncial and minuscule d are used; n and r are mostly minuscule, S mostly majuscule. Some entries in the Calendar which clearly refer to Bavaria and Regensburg are in Anglo-Saxon compressed majuscule verging on minuscule, saec. VIII², of the type seen in Munich CLM 14080 and 14653 from Regensburg; another entry is in pre-Caroline minuscule resembling Beneventan, saec. VIII, and yet another is in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX.
","Written in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by script and initials. Came to Bavaria probably with the Anglo-Saxon missionaries. For the suggestion that Boniface himself in 739 presented this volume to Bishop Gaubald of Regensburg (739–761), there exists no authentic proof; additions in the Calendar and especially the entry of the name of the Regensburg martyr, St Emmeram, suggest that the manuscript was already at Regensburg in the eighth century. Later dismembered and used for bindings. Both bifolia were acquired at Regensburg. The Berlin fragment is now kept in the Universitätsbibliothek in Tübingen.
","☛K. Gamber. 'Fragmentblätter eines Regensburger Evangeliars aus dem Ende des 8. Jahrhunderts.' Scriptorium 34 (1980) 72–77.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1512.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1512.jpg 1513,1140,Uncial,"V med (c. 447)",447,447,8,1053,"Written in Italy, to judge by the script. The date is determined by the contents. The two bifolia were used as fly-leaves and have left their offsets in the binding of a fifteenth-century canon law manuscript (now Zeitz, Stiftsbibliothek Fol. 33), once owned by Bishop Julius Pflugk of Naumburg and Zeitz (†1564) who had studied in Padua where he possibly acquired the book. The fragments were taken out and transferred to Berlin about 1862, then to the Westdeutsche Bibliothek in Marburg in 1949, and back to Berlin in 1992.",3,,,"'Liber Paschalis Conscriptus AD 467' (fragm.).",Parchment,"Zeitzer Ostertafel.",,"TM 67190",,"fol. 1 ",,http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB000075F000000000,"Script is expert uncial of the oldest type, penned in bold strokes which often fail to join: the eye of **E** is open and the hasta is high. An addition in smaller uncial on fol. 2v is apparently by the first hand.","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Ms. Lat. Quarto 298.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1513,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1513,"Script is expert uncial of the oldest type, penned in bold strokes which often fail to join: the eye of E is open and the hasta is high. An addition in smaller uncial on fol. 2v is apparently by the first hand.
","Written in Italy, to judge by the script. The date is determined by the contents. The two bifolia were used as fly-leaves and have left their offsets in the binding of a fifteenth-century canon law manuscript (now Zeitz, Stiftsbibliothek Fol. 33), once owned by Bishop Julius Pflugk of Naumburg and Zeitz (†1564) who had studied in Padua where he possibly acquired the book. The fragments were taken out and transferred to Berlin about 1862, then to the Westdeutsche Bibliothek in Marburg in 1949, and back to Berlin in 1992.
","☛Formerly Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Ms. Lat. Quarto 298.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1513.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1513.jpg 1514,1143,"Rustic Capital",IV,301,400,8,1054,"Written presumably in Italy. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Acquired by the Berlin Library in 1932.",3,,,"Sallustius, Bellum Iugurthinum (43.3–4, 44.3–4, 49.5–6, 50.3–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 62688",,"Image from capp. 49, 50, and 43",,,"Script is a rather broad Rustic capital: **B** is often taller than the other letters; **V** is pointed; **VM** occur in ligature at line-end.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1514,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1514,"Script is a rather broad Rustic capital: B is often taller than the other letters; V is pointed; VM occur in ligature at line-end.
","Written presumably in Italy. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Acquired by the Berlin Library in 1932.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1514.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1514.jpg 1515,1144,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1055,"Written in an important Anglo-Saxon centre in the Mainz-Fulda-Hersfeld region, partly the work of the scribe Adalhartus (fol. 241). Given to the monastery of St Vincentius in Metz by Deodericus, bishop of that city (965–984). Belonged to the Jesuit College de Clermont, then passed into the Meerman collection in 1764 and into that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Bought by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Augustinus, In Evangelium Iohannis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67192",,"fol. 67v ",,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type with characteristically long descenders and the **Ᵹ** with a protruding chest or resembling a flat-topped elongated yogh; **d** has two forms, uncial and minuscule; **N** is occasionally majuscule; capital **T** occurs in mid-word; one scribe begins the first shaft of **m** and similar strokes with a short hair-line; various ligatures with **e**: **ei**, **er**, **es**, etc. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. X.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 403. ☛Schiller Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p.208.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1515,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1515,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type with characteristically long descenders and the Ᵹ with a protruding chest or resembling a flat-topped elongated yogh; d has two forms, uncial and minuscule; N is occasionally majuscule; capital T occurs in mid-word; one scribe begins the first shaft of m and similar strokes with a short hair-line; various ligatures with e: ei, er, es, etc. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. X.
","Written in an important Anglo-Saxon centre in the Mainz-Fulda-Hersfeld region, partly the work of the scribe Adalhartus (fol. 241). Given to the monastery of St Vincentius in Metz by Deodericus, bishop of that city (965–984). Belonged to the Jesuit College de Clermont, then passed into the Meerman collection in 1764 and into that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Bought by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 403. ☛Schiller Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p.208.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1515.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1515.jpg 1516,1145,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1056,"Written presumably in France. In the martyrology the names of Genevefa, Arnulf, and Praxedis are honoured with a cross. Belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, passed into the Meerman collection in 1764, and thence into that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum; Martyrologium; Poenitentiale.",Parchment,,,"TM 67193",,"foll. 103v and 193 ",,,"Script is a rather well-developed minuscule: both **a** and open **a** are used; **g** is mostly Insular but occasionally the upper part is looped; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left; majuscule **N** occurs; noteworthy is the ligature **at** (in 'rogatiani' on CLA plate). Some rubrics and recurrent formulas are in a more cursive script. Additions in contemporary and late ninth- or tenth-century script on foll. 1 and 184 ff. German names are entered saec. IX and X on several pages.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1667. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 405.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1516,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1516,"Script is a rather well-developed minuscule: both a and open a are used; g is mostly Insular but occasionally the upper part is looped; the shaft of h often bends to the left; majuscule N occurs; noteworthy is the ligature at (in 'rogatiani' on CLA plate). Some rubrics and recurrent formulas are in a more cursive script. Additions in contemporary and late ninth- or tenth-century script on foll. 1 and 184 ff. German names are entered saec. IX and X on several pages.
","Written presumably in France. In the martyrology the names of Genevefa, Arnulf, and Praxedis are honoured with a cross. Belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, passed into the Meerman collection in 1764, and thence into that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1667. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 405.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1516.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1516.jpg 1517,1146,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex ",796,799,8,1057,"Written at Verona under Bishop Egino (796–799, died 802) for the cathedral library, according to the dedication entered in capitals on fol. 23v. Brought from Italy and given to the monastery of St Vincent at Metz probably by Bishop Deodericus (†984). Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, where it bore the number 456. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,45.4384,10.9916,"Homiliarium Alani.",Parchment,"Codex Eginonis.",,"TM 67194",,"fol. 296 ",,,"Script is a firm, massive early Caroline minuscule by several hands; some are typically Veronese with the characteristic **g** and two forms of **a** and **d**; the script of foll. 29v–147 and 149–162v with frequent **ri** ligature seems identical with that seen in the binding of Stuttgart HB.VI.107 and possibly in the first part of Munich CLM 6402 (CLA [9.1359](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1860), [9.1281](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1772)): **y** is dotted and v-shaped and stands on the line. Some corrections recall the hand of the Veronese archdeacon Pacificus (foll. 138v , 269v, etc.). Tenth-century additions fill foll. 18, 19v, 20, 24v, 25, originally left blank. Bishop Ratherius of Verona (†974) corrected the manuscript and wrote the draft or copy of a short treatise on fol. 23; his monogram is seen on fol. 79. The name 'Uuadulfus', scratched on fol. 137, is probably to be identified with an abbot of St Vincent's at Metz.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1655. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 410.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1517,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517,"Script is a firm, massive early Caroline minuscule by several hands; some are typically Veronese with the characteristic g and two forms of a and d; the script of foll. 29v–147 and 149–162v with frequent ri ligature seems identical with that seen in the binding of Stuttgart HB.VI.107 and possibly in the first part of Munich CLM 6402 (CLA 9.1359, 9.1281): y is dotted and v-shaped and stands on the line. Some corrections recall the hand of the Veronese archdeacon Pacificus (foll. 138v , 269v, etc.). Tenth-century additions fill foll. 18, 19v, 20, 24v, 25, originally left blank. Bishop Ratherius of Verona (†974) corrected the manuscript and wrote the draft or copy of a short treatise on fol. 23; his monogram is seen on fol. 79. The name 'Uuadulfus', scratched on fol. 137, is probably to be identified with an abbot of St Vincent's at Metz.
","Written at Verona under Bishop Egino (796–799, died 802) for the cathedral library, according to the dedication entered in capitals on fol. 23v. Brought from Italy and given to the monastery of St Vincent at Metz probably by Bishop Deodericus (†984). Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, where it bore the number 456. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1655. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 410.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1517.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1517.jpg 1518,1147,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1058,"Written doubtless at Verona. Came to the Collège de Clermont presumably from the monastery of St Aubin at Angers, as suggested below (see CLA [8.1065](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1526)). Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Sedulius, Opus Paschale.",Parchment,,,"TM 67195",,"foll. 15 and 43v",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of Veronese type by several scribes: **a** and open **a**; two scribes still use the Insular form of **g**; noteworthy is the use of uncial **N** with the first upright descending well below the line and the second comma-shaped (foll. 43 ff.); the roundish first hand recalls the script of parts of the Egino codex and Munich CLM 6402 (CLA [8.1057](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517) and CLA [9.1281](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1772)). Some corrections are apparently in the hand of the archdeacon Pacificus.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1518,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1518,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of Veronese type by several scribes: a and open a; two scribes still use the Insular form of g; noteworthy is the use of uncial N with the first upright descending well below the line and the second comma-shaped (foll. 43 ff.); the roundish first hand recalls the script of parts of the Egino codex and Munich CLM 6402 (CLA 8.1057 and CLA 9.1281). Some corrections are apparently in the hand of the archdeacon Pacificus.
","Written doubtless at Verona. Came to the Collège de Clermont presumably from the monastery of St Aubin at Angers, as suggested below (see CLA 8.1065). Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1518.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1518.jpg 1519,1148,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1059,"Written presumably in Burgundy, to judge from the script and abbreviation-mark. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici.",Parchment,,,"TM 67196",,"fol. 51",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of Burgundian type (cf. MSS Autun 19A, 20A + Troyes 657, Autun 23, and Cologne 76; CLA [6.718](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1121), [6.720](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1123), [6.723](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1126), and [8.1153](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1624)): ascenders and descenders are long and betray an unsteady hand; open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **e** is tall and has a knob-like forestroke; the top-stroke of **h** is curved; the top of **ꞇ** forms a loop to the left; **m** occasionally is uncial; **ti** ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Some ninth-century entries on fol. 1.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 418.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1519,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1519,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of Burgundian type (cf. MSS Autun 19A, 20A + Troyes 657, Autun 23, and Cologne 76; CLA 6.718, 6.720, 6.723, and 8.1153): ascenders and descenders are long and betray an unsteady hand; open a is more frequent than a; e is tall and has a knob-like forestroke; the top-stroke of h is curved; the top of ꞇ forms a loop to the left; m occasionally is uncial; ti ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Some ninth-century entries on fol. 1.
","Written presumably in Burgundy, to judge from the script and abbreviation-mark. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 418.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1519.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1519.jpg 1520,1150,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1060,"Written in North-east France, presumably in the Rheims region, and probably in the scriptorium which produced Kassel MS Theol. 4° 10 (see CLA [8.1141](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1612)), The Hague, Museum Meerm.-Westr. 10 B 4, and the somewhat later Paris Lat. 2034 (CLA [5.540](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/899)). Belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims; cf. the ex-libris saec. XIII 'Lib sci Remigii Rem uol. 1' on fol. 147. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Canones Conciliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67198",,"foll. 202 and 244",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by several scribes: typically Merovingian features are **b** and **o** often with a tag to the right, the shafts of **b** and **l** breaking at the foot, the open bow of **d** in ligature, and the characteristic form of **p**; **g** has various forms; **ꞇ** has two, one resembling **i** capped by an almost vertical flourish, the other recalling the early Beneventan form; **u** occurs sickle-shaped, even on the line; **y** is v-shaped and dotted; several hands use a peculiar form of **z** with a horizontal tag on the right side of the oblique (e.g. on foll. 15v–16; cf. the Kassel and Paris manuscripts mentioned in Provenance); ascenders are long and often lean to the left; ligatures are numerous: noteworthy are the 6-shaped form of **o** in ligature and the **ri** with **i** descending below the line (see foll. 56, 243 ff., 299v); **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti; here and there **B**, **N**, and **R** have the majuscule form. Notae Tironianae occur, some entered by a contemporary hand to indicate the rubrics, some saec. IX. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule; a Rheims bishop is mentioned in a marginal note on fol. 34 with a Nota-monogram.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1520,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1520,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by several scribes: typically Merovingian features are b and o often with a tag to the right, the shafts of b and l breaking at the foot, the open bow of d in ligature, and the characteristic form of p; g has various forms; ꞇ has two, one resembling i capped by an almost vertical flourish, the other recalling the early Beneventan form; u occurs sickle-shaped, even on the line; y is v-shaped and dotted; several hands use a peculiar form of z with a horizontal tag on the right side of the oblique (e.g. on foll. 15v–16; cf. the Kassel and Paris manuscripts mentioned in Provenance); ascenders are long and often lean to the left; ligatures are numerous: noteworthy are the 6-shaped form of o in ligature and the ri with i descending below the line (see foll. 56, 243 ff., 299v); ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti; here and there B, N, and R have the majuscule form. Notae Tironianae occur, some entered by a contemporary hand to indicate the rubrics, some saec. IX. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule; a Rheims bishop is mentioned in a marginal note on fol. 34 with a Nota-monogram.
","Written in North-east France, presumably in the Rheims region, and probably in the scriptorium which produced Kassel MS Theol. 4° 10 (see CLA 8.1141), The Hague, Museum Meerm.-Westr. 10 B 4, and the somewhat later Paris Lat. 2034 (CLA 5.540). Belonged to the monastery of St Remi at Rheims; cf. the ex-libris saec. XIII 'Lib sci Remigii Rem uol. 1' on fol. 147. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1520.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1520.jpg 1522,1151,"Uncial and Half-Uncial",VII,601,700,8,1061,"Written in a Burgundian centre under Insular influence, to judge from the script. Was at Lyon at latest by the ninth century, when it was used by Florus Diaconus (†859/860). Discovered by Jacques Sirmond in the Lyon cathedral library in 1629. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, after the dissolution of which in 1763 the manuscript was divided into two: the first part, now at St Petersburg, got to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, whence it was acquired by Pierre Dubrowsky during the French Revolution; the second half entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Canones; Notitia Galliarum; etc. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67199",,"Image from Berlin foll. 39v and 90 ",,,"Script of the main part of the Berlin manuscript (foll. 1–87v) is a heavy uncial with long ascenders and descenders and short uprights knob-like or wedge-shaped at the head-line: the bow of **A** is small and hangs above the line; **M** is compressed and leans to the left; the second stroke of **N** starts well below the head-line; the top of **T** has a short vertical at the left end; the first stroke of **Z** often rises boldly; **LL** run together or the second **L** nestles within the first; some half-uncial letters (**a**, **b**, **d**, **l**, **r**) occur, also capital **E** near line-ends; script of the rest is half-uncial by two scribes: uncial **G** is the rule, **ꝺ** here and there; ascenders are long and club-shaped in one hand, often wedge-shaped in the other, a sign of Insular influence. Corrections, marginalia, and a few running titles in seventh-century Merovingian cursive with **ꝓ** for per, or in eighth-century uncial or minuscule; the running titles on foll. 32, 34, 40, 44, 84v, 85 and a correction on fol. 43v are in late eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders and **Ᵹ** having a protruding chest. Numerous ninth-century corrections (e.g. fol. 64) in the hand of Florus Diaconus of Lyon, who also often added his characteristic K for caput to mark beginning of chapters. A marginal entry on fol. 43v in minuscule saec. IX shows distinct Anglo-Saxon influence. Some Notae Tironianae. For other details see under [St Petersburg](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/322).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1522,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1522,"Script of the main part of the Berlin manuscript (foll. 1–87v) is a heavy uncial with long ascenders and descenders and short uprights knob-like or wedge-shaped at the head-line: the bow of A is small and hangs above the line; M is compressed and leans to the left; the second stroke of N starts well below the head-line; the top of T has a short vertical at the left end; the first stroke of Z often rises boldly; LL run together or the second L nestles within the first; some half-uncial letters (a, b, d, l, r) occur, also capital E near line-ends; script of the rest is half-uncial by two scribes: uncial G is the rule, ꝺ here and there; ascenders are long and club-shaped in one hand, often wedge-shaped in the other, a sign of Insular influence. Corrections, marginalia, and a few running titles in seventh-century Merovingian cursive with ꝓ for per, or in eighth-century uncial or minuscule; the running titles on foll. 32, 34, 40, 44, 84v, 85 and a correction on fol. 43v are in late eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders and Ᵹ having a protruding chest. Numerous ninth-century corrections (e.g. fol. 64) in the hand of Florus Diaconus of Lyon, who also often added his characteristic K for caput to mark beginning of chapters. A marginal entry on fol. 43v in minuscule saec. IX shows distinct Anglo-Saxon influence. Some Notae Tironianae. For other details see under St Petersburg.
","Written in a Burgundian centre under Insular influence, to judge from the script. Was at Lyon at latest by the ninth century, when it was used by Florus Diaconus (†859/860). Discovered by Jacques Sirmond in the Lyon cathedral library in 1629. Later in the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, after the dissolution of which in 1763 the manuscript was divided into two: the first part, now at St Petersburg, got to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, whence it was acquired by Pierre Dubrowsky during the French Revolution; the second half entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1522.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1522.jpg 1523,1152,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1062,"Written apparently in France and probably in the South, to judge by peculiarities of script and perhaps also spelling. Belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, whence it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Cresconius, Concordantia Canonum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67200",,"fol. 14 ",,,"Script is a small, rather irregularly written minuscule: **a** has two forms; uncial **𐌾** occurs; **i**-longa is frequent; the top of **ꞇ** does not always extend beyond the vertical; ligatures include **NT** and **nT**, **ri** (curiously shaped), and **ti** ligature for hard ti; **N**, in the display uncial, resembles H.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1523,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1523,"Script is a small, rather irregularly written minuscule: a has two forms; uncial 𐌾 occurs; i-longa is frequent; the top of ꞇ does not always extend beyond the vertical; ligatures include NT and nT, ri (curiously shaped), and ti ligature for hard ti; N, in the display uncial, resembles H.
","Written apparently in France and probably in the South, to judge by peculiarities of script and perhaps also spelling. Belonged to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont, whence it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1523.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1523.jpg 1524,1153,"Early Minuscule",IX,801,900,8,1063,"Written in France, presumably in a centre under Burgundian influence, to judge from the script. Belonged later to the Collège de Clermont, whence it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Dionysiana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67201",,"fol. 31v ",,,"Script is an early minuscule still retaining some pre-Caroline features: **a** has two forms; likewise **g**, noteworthy is the one with a thin oval bow; **h** leans to the left; **r** in ligature goes well below the line; the first stroke of **z** is c-shaped and stands on the base-line; **N** and **R** occur within the minuscule. The manuscript was thoroughly revised in the ninth century when many pages were partially or wholly rewritten. ","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 421.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1524,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1524,"Script is an early minuscule still retaining some pre-Caroline features: a has two forms; likewise g, noteworthy is the one with a thin oval bow; h leans to the left; r in ligature goes well below the line; the first stroke of z is c-shaped and stands on the base-line; N and R occur within the minuscule. The manuscript was thoroughly revised in the ninth century when many pages were partially or wholly rewritten.
","Written in France, presumably in a centre under Burgundian influence, to judge from the script. Belonged later to the Collège de Clermont, whence it entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 421.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1524.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1524.jpg 1525,1154,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,8,1064,"Written presumably at Lyon. Visigothic influence is suggested by the constant use of uncial **𐌾**, the form of **f**, and bus-abbreviation with the high point. Was certainly at Lyon in the ninth century, since Florus used it. Still there in the seventeenth century: an entry of that time, 'Ecclesiae Lugdunensis', stands on the last page. Later in the library of the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67202",,"fol. 97v ",,,"Script, apparently by two hands, is a rapid, expert half-uncial with letters leaning slightly to the left: **𐌾** is regularly uncial, **M** occasionally; **NT**, **us**, and some other ligatures occur at line-ends; here and there the final letter on a page is uncial. A smaller and more cursive half-uncial, leaning to the right, is used for explanations and references (foll. 6, 68, 97v, 115v, etc.). Later marginalia in Merovingian cursive saec. VII or early VIII and in Caroline minuscule of Lyon type saec. IX. Numerous critical marks by Florus Diaconus of Lyon. Probationes pennae saec. VII and VIII (fol. 221). Pre-Caroline and Caroline Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 5v, 7, 49v, 301v. An early Arabic entry of two lines in the lower margin of foll. 72v/73. Runic letters **a** **b** **c** **d** **e** in the lower margin of fol. 300. The manuscript seems to have been copied page by page, at least in part. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1525,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1525,"Script, apparently by two hands, is a rapid, expert half-uncial with letters leaning slightly to the left: 𐌾 is regularly uncial, M occasionally; NT, us, and some other ligatures occur at line-ends; here and there the final letter on a page is uncial. A smaller and more cursive half-uncial, leaning to the right, is used for explanations and references (foll. 6, 68, 97v, 115v, etc.). Later marginalia in Merovingian cursive saec. VII or early VIII and in Caroline minuscule of Lyon type saec. IX. Numerous critical marks by Florus Diaconus of Lyon. Probationes pennae saec. VII and VIII (fol. 221). Pre-Caroline and Caroline Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 5v, 7, 49v, 301v. An early Arabic entry of two lines in the lower margin of foll. 72v/73. Runic letters a b c d e in the lower margin of fol. 300. The manuscript seems to have been copied page by page, at least in part.
","Written presumably at Lyon. Visigothic influence is suggested by the constant use of uncial 𐌾, the form of f, and bus-abbreviation with the high point. Was certainly at Lyon in the ninth century, since Florus used it. Still there in the seventeenth century: an entry of that time, 'Ecclesiae Lugdunensis', stands on the last page. Later in the library of the Jesuit Collège de Clermont. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1525.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1525.jpg 1526,1155,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1065,"Written doubtless at Verona. Came to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont perhaps not as most of the Claromontani of Veronese origin, i.e. by way of Metz but from the monastery of St Aubin at Angers with the Sedulius manuscript, Berlin Phillipps 1727; it is the 'codex Andegavensis' of Baluze. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.",,,,Commodianus.,Parchment,,,"TM 67203",,"foll. 1v and 43 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is early Caroline minuscule of Verona type: **a** has two forms; **g** has various forms, including the typically Veronese; **ti** ligature is used for both hard and soft ti.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1825. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 433.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1526,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1526,"Script, by several hands, is early Caroline minuscule of Verona type: a has two forms; g has various forms, including the typically Veronese; ti ligature is used for both hard and soft ti.
","Written doubtless at Verona. Came to the Jesuit Collège de Clermont perhaps not as most of the Claromontani of Veronese origin, i.e. by way of Metz but from the monastery of St Aubin at Angers with the Sedulius manuscript, Berlin Phillipps 1727; it is the 'codex Andegavensis' of Baluze. Entered the Meerman collection in 1764 and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1824. Acquired by the Berlin Royal Library in 1887.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 1825. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 433.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1526.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1526.jpg 1527,1156,"Caroline Minuscule and Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1066,"Written probably at Corbie or possibly in a North-west German centre where scribes trained in the Corbie school were active such as Werden where the manuscript was preserved in the fifteenth century: the ex-libris 'liber sci Liudgeri in Werdena' (saec. XV) stands on fol.1.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis (1–54).",Parchment,,,"TM 67204",,"foll. 56v, 144v, and 220 ",,,"Script is well developed Caroline minuscule mainly by three scribes: the script of the first (resembling that of the added fol. 96 in Berlin MS Theol. Lat. Fol. 354, CLA [8.1067b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1530)) is characterized by the **ꞇ** in which the left side of the top forms one continuous stroke with the stem; the second (foll. 128–151v) is pure Maurdramnus type (for a full description of this type see CLA [6.707](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1102)); the third (foll. 203 ff.) uses open **a** and occasionally the ligature **do**. Numerous corrections by contemporary hands, some recalling the Maurdramnus type. Notae Tironianae seen in some margins. An excerpt from Consuetudines saec. XI on fol. 283v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 456. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 84. ☛Schiller, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 58 I. ",,,10,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1527,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1527,"Script is well developed Caroline minuscule mainly by three scribes: the script of the first (resembling that of the added fol. 96 in Berlin MS Theol. Lat. Fol. 354, CLA 8.1067b) is characterized by the ꞇ in which the left side of the top forms one continuous stroke with the stem; the second (foll. 128–151v) is pure Maurdramnus type (for a full description of this type see CLA 6.707); the third (foll. 203 ff.) uses open a and occasionally the ligature do. Numerous corrections by contemporary hands, some recalling the Maurdramnus type. Notae Tironianae seen in some margins. An excerpt from Consuetudines saec. XI on fol. 283v.
","Written probably at Corbie or possibly in a North-west German centre where scribes trained in the Corbie school were active such as Werden where the manuscript was preserved in the fifteenth century: the ex-libris 'liber sci Liudgeri in Werdena' (saec. XV) stands on fol.1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 456. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 84. ☛Schiller, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 58 I.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1527.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1527.jpg 1529,1157,"Half-Uncial and Early Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1067a,"Written doubtless at Corbie. Restored ca. 800 probably either there or in a scriptorium strongly influenced by Corbie (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1530)). Later the manuscript belonged to the monastery of Werden: the entry 'Liber sci Liudgeri i Werden' (saec. XV) is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (28–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67205",,"foll. 2, 46v, and 152v ",,,"Script, by various hands, is mainly half-uncial: up to fol. 103v of a type recalling the half-uncial in the 'Barbarus Scaligeri' (CLA [5.560](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/920)) with **Ᵹ** almost on the line; foll. 106 ff. are in the peculiar half-uncial also seen in St Petersburg MSS F.v.1.5 and F.v.1.6, the latter written for Abbot Leutchar of Corbie about the middle of the eighth century: **ꝺ** and **R** are occasionally, **𐌾** is regularly uncial; **y** is short and dotted, and both branches curve to the right. A rather well-developed early Caroline minuscule, apparently antedating the Maurdramnus type, is used on foll. 1v–2v: **a** is the rule. The uncial used for the lemmata occasionally admits half-uncial **Ᵹ**. A Nota Tironiana is seen in both upper corners of all the rectos. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX. The original script on part of foll. 47v and 50 is erased and rewritten saec. VIII–IX by the scribe of the inserted bifolium 48/49 who writes in a half-uncial of Maurdramnus-type; the original script on fol. 103 recto and part of the verso is erased and rewritten saec. VIII–IX by the scribe of foll. 104, etc. (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1530)). The name 'Uuerinbraht' is scratched in on fol. 211.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1529,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1529,"Script, by various hands, is mainly half-uncial: up to fol. 103v of a type recalling the half-uncial in the 'Barbarus Scaligeri' (CLA 5.560) with Ᵹ almost on the line; foll. 106 ff. are in the peculiar half-uncial also seen in St Petersburg MSS F.v.1.5 and F.v.1.6, the latter written for Abbot Leutchar of Corbie about the middle of the eighth century: ꝺ and R are occasionally, 𐌾 is regularly uncial; y is short and dotted, and both branches curve to the right. A rather well-developed early Caroline minuscule, apparently antedating the Maurdramnus type, is used on foll. 1v–2v: a is the rule. The uncial used for the lemmata occasionally admits half-uncial Ᵹ. A Nota Tironiana is seen in both upper corners of all the rectos. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX. The original script on part of foll. 47v and 50 is erased and rewritten saec. VIII–IX by the scribe of the inserted bifolium 48/49 who writes in a half-uncial of Maurdramnus-type; the original script on fol. 103 recto and part of the verso is erased and rewritten saec. VIII–IX by the scribe of foll. 104, etc. (see next item). The name 'Uuerinbraht' is scratched in on fol. 211.
","Written doubtless at Corbie. Restored ca. 800 probably either there or in a scriptorium strongly influenced by Corbie (see next item). Later the manuscript belonged to the monastery of Werden: the entry 'Liber sci Liudgeri i Werden' (saec. XV) is seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1529.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1529.jpg 1530,1157,"Maurdramnus Half-Uncial and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,751,800,8,1067b,"Written in the scriptorium that produced Berlin MS Theol. Lat. Fol. 346 (CLA [8.1066](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1527)), i.e. either at Corbie or by scribes trained there. Belonged later to the monastery of Werden.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (28–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67206",,"foll. 49 and 96",,,"Script of the inserted bifolium 48/49 (the scribe began on fol. 47v and ended on fol. 50, both over erasure) is an interesting specimen of imitation half-uncial by a scribe whose normal script is Maurdramn minuscule: **G** is uncial (as in the Leutchar-type seen on foll. 106 ff. of the main manuscript); script of foll. 96, 104, etc., is early Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the first distinctly resembles the main hand of Berlin Theol. Lat. Fol. 346 (CLA [8.1066](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1527)): noteworthy is the form of **ꞇ** with the left side of the top forming one continuous stroke with the stem.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 457a",,,10,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1530,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1530,"Script of the inserted bifolium 48/49 (the scribe began on fol. 47v and ended on fol. 50, both over erasure) is an interesting specimen of imitation half-uncial by a scribe whose normal script is Maurdramn minuscule: G is uncial (as in the Leutchar-type seen on foll. 106 ff. of the main manuscript); script of foll. 96, 104, etc., is early Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the first distinctly resembles the main hand of Berlin Theol. Lat. Fol. 346 (CLA 8.1066): noteworthy is the form of ꞇ with the left side of the top forming one continuous stroke with the stem.
","Written in the scriptorium that produced Berlin MS Theol. Lat. Fol. 346 (CLA 8.1066), i.e. either at Corbie or by scribes trained there. Belonged later to the monastery of Werden.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 457a
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1530.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1530.jpg 1533,1159,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1068,"Written presumably in South England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The manuscript to which the fragments are pasted belonged to the monastery of Werden-on-Ruhr: the ex-libris saec. XV stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Vitae Sanctorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67207",,"Image from one of the strips ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: **a** has two forms, the closed minuscule form or the majuscule form with the upper parts of the two bows forming a straight line; **d** occurs in both uncial and minuscule forms; **n** and **r** may easily be confused; **b** and **ꞅ** occur in ligature with **u** suprascript in the bus-ending.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1533,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1533,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: a has two forms, the closed minuscule form or the majuscule form with the upper parts of the two bows forming a straight line; d occurs in both uncial and minuscule forms; n and r may easily be confused; b and ꞅ occur in ligature with u suprascript in the bus-ending.
","Written presumably in South England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The manuscript to which the fragments are pasted belonged to the monastery of Werden-on-Ruhr: the ex-libris saec. XV stands on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1533.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1533.jpg 1534,1160,Uncial,IV–V,301,500,8,1069,"Written in Italy, certainly in one of the great centres of early Christian calligraphy and art, possibly the centre which produced the Vatican Vergil (CLA [1.2](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/4)), according to C. Nordenfalk. The fragments were used for binding purposes in 1618 by Asmus Reitel of Quedlinburg. Two leaves were discovered in the Magdeburg Staatsarchiv in 1865, two others at Quedlinburg in 1869, one in the Quedlinburg Stiftsarchiv around 1887, and finally the two scraps in 1931.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, 1 Sm 9, 15, 2 Sm 2–3, 3 Rg 5–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67208",,"Image from Berlin foll. 3, 2, 2, 1, and 2",,,"Script is a large, bold, and regular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed and ends in a fine hair-line; the hasta of **E** is very high and the eye is open; the tail of **𐌾** is short; the first stroke of **M** is slightly curved; the bows of **P** and **q** are rather small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1534,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1534,"Script is a large, bold, and regular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed and ends in a fine hair-line; the hasta of E is very high and the eye is open; the tail of 𐌾 is short; the first stroke of M is slightly curved; the bows of P and q are rather small.
","Written in Italy, certainly in one of the great centres of early Christian calligraphy and art, possibly the centre which produced the Vatican Vergil (CLA 1.2), according to C. Nordenfalk. The fragments were used for binding purposes in 1618 by Asmus Reitel of Quedlinburg. Two leaves were discovered in the Magdeburg Staatsarchiv in 1865, two others at Quedlinburg in 1869, one in the Quedlinburg Stiftsarchiv around 1887, and finally the two scraps in 1931.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1534.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1534.jpg 1535,1161,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex–IX in",775,825,8,1070,"Written apparently in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, possibly at Werden itself. Used for rewriting, together with other Werden manuscripts, around the year 1500; the erased Werden ex-libris, saec. XIII, stands on fol. 66, a palimpsest calendar fragment. Other entries: 'Codex monasterii sci Ludgeri episcopi in Werdena', saec. XV–XVI (fol. 1), and a similar and contemporary one in curious Greek letters (front fly-leaf).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.30, 34, 35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67209",,"fol. 34v",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|4,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the ligature **tio** occurs.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 1 nos. 653–56.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1535,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1535,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the ligature tio occurs.
","Written apparently in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, possibly at Werden itself. Used for rewriting, together with other Werden manuscripts, around the year 1500; the erased Werden ex-libris, saec. XIII, stands on fol. 66, a palimpsest calendar fragment. Other entries: 'Codex monasterii sci Ludgeri episcopi in Werdena', saec. XV–XVI (fol. 1), and a similar and contemporary one in curious Greek letters (front fly-leaf).
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 1 nos. 653–56.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1535.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1535.jpg 1536,1162,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1071,"Written in Western Germany or Eastern France, presumably in the Moselle region. Belonged to the monastery of St Maximin at Trier: the entry (saec. XII–XIII) 'Codex sci Maximini siquis eum abstulerit anathema sit in eternum am' stands on fol. 5; it subsequently had the press-mark ‘D4' (saec. XV, fol. 3) and 'Da 135' (saec. XVIII ex. on the front cover). After the French Revolution it came into the possession of Josef von Gores (†1848). Found in a loft at Coblenz in 1894 and acquired by Professor Weissbrodt about 1900 for the State Academy at Braunsberg. Present whereabouts unknown.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc, Mt, Lc, Io); Symbola Fidei.",Parchment,,,"TM 67210",,"fol. 54 ",,,"Script is roundish, early Caroline minuscule by several scribes: open **a** is most common but closed **a** and **a** are also used; **h** with the shaft leaning to the left occurs here and there; **i**-longa is used initially and medially; **N** occurs in mid-word; ligatures include **ae**, **gn**, **me**, **rs**. Script of foll. 235 ff. by several slightly later hands, one using the flat-topped, 3-shaped Insular **ᵹ**. Corrections by contemporary and later hands; the 'comma Iohanneum' is added in the lower margin of fol. 139 (saec. X). Two fragments of a chronological work apparently of Bede in minuscule saec. IX in. are seen on the front cover. The codex has suffered much from water and mice.","☛Formerly Braniewo, Lyceum Hosianum MS 2.5 (now lost). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 686. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.322.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1536,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1536,"Script is roundish, early Caroline minuscule by several scribes: open a is most common but closed a and a are also used; h with the shaft leaning to the left occurs here and there; i-longa is used initially and medially; N occurs in mid-word; ligatures include ae, gn, me, rs. Script of foll. 235 ff. by several slightly later hands, one using the flat-topped, 3-shaped Insular ᵹ. Corrections by contemporary and later hands; the 'comma Iohanneum' is added in the lower margin of fol. 139 (saec. X). Two fragments of a chronological work apparently of Bede in minuscule saec. IX in. are seen on the front cover. The codex has suffered much from water and mice.
","Written in Western Germany or Eastern France, presumably in the Moselle region. Belonged to the monastery of St Maximin at Trier: the entry (saec. XII–XIII) 'Codex sci Maximini siquis eum abstulerit anathema sit in eternum am' stands on fol. 5; it subsequently had the press-mark ‘D4' (saec. XV, fol. 3) and 'Da 135' (saec. XVIII ex. on the front cover). After the French Revolution it came into the possession of Josef von Gores (†1848). Found in a loft at Coblenz in 1894 and acquired by Professor Weissbrodt about 1900 for the State Academy at Braunsberg. Present whereabouts unknown.
","☛Formerly Braniewo, Lyceum Hosianum MS 2.5 (now lost). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 686. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.322.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1536.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1536.jpg 1537,1163,"Early Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1072,"Written probably at Tours, if we may be guided by the style of the half-uncial and the general aspect of the minuscule. The manuscript belonged to the Silesian humanist Thomas Rehdiger (†1576) and was bequeathed with his library to the city of Breslau in 1645. Destroyed in 1945.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67211",,"fol. 30v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is early minuscule approaching Caroline, with some cursive features: **a** is mostly open, but some scribes prefer the uncial form; **d** is mostly minuscule; **g** occurs both in the half-uncial and the minuscule form; **N** is frequent; **u** occasionally suprascript and cup-shaped. Numerous ligatures include **aꞇ**, **nꞇ**, **rro**, **ꞇra**. Large half-uncial of the Tours type is seen in some first lines and headings (foll. 4, 15v , 28v, 30v etc.). Notae Tironianae occur.","☛Formerly Wroclaw, Municipal Library Rehdigeranus 107.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1537,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1537,"Script, by several hands, is early minuscule approaching Caroline, with some cursive features: a is mostly open, but some scribes prefer the uncial form; d is mostly minuscule; g occurs both in the half-uncial and the minuscule form; N is frequent; u occasionally suprascript and cup-shaped. Numerous ligatures include aꞇ, nꞇ, rro, ꞇra. Large half-uncial of the Tours type is seen in some first lines and headings (foll. 4, 15v , 28v, 30v etc.). Notae Tironianae occur.
","Written probably at Tours, if we may be guided by the style of the half-uncial and the general aspect of the minuscule. The manuscript belonged to the Silesian humanist Thomas Rehdiger (†1576) and was bequeathed with his library to the city of Breslau in 1645. Destroyed in 1945.
","☛Formerly Wroclaw, Municipal Library Rehdigeranus 107.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1537.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1537.jpg 1538,1164,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,8,1073,"Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script and the additions. Was preserved at Aquileia until 1451, probably in the cathedral library: the entry 'Questo libro si vene daquilegia 1451' stands on fol. 2. It seems to have been at Verona in 1569, according to the sixteenth-century note on fol. 257v: '69 6. Ienaro Verona'. It was probably there that the Silesian humanist Thomas Rehdiger (†1576) purchased it; his library became the property of the city of Breslau in 1645. Destroyed in 1945.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Lc, Io, Mc).",Parchment,"Codex Rehdigeranus. (l)",,"TM 67212",,"fol. 164 ",,,"Script is heavy, ungainly uncial, apparently by aged scribes: the bow of **A** is pointed; the upper loop of **B** is often a mere point or comma; the upper end of **ꝺ** is short, here and there it is seriffed; the left bow of **M** is mostly closed; the first upright of **N** is very thin, the second leans to the right and is nail-shaped; **Y** is short and dotted; **Z** rises above the line; descenders end in a hair-line; **LL** occasionally run together. Ligatures include **AE**, **Nꞅ**, **OR**, **Uꞅ**. A correction in contemporary cursive minuscule on fol. 287, other corrections in uncial saec. VIII. A small correction on fol. 120v is possibly Insular saec. VIII. Some liturgical lection-notes on foll. 163v, 164, etc., and the ‘Capitulares evangelii' on foll. 92v–93v are written in North Italian cursive minuscule saec. VIII with the characteristic ligatures of **ce**, **ss**, and **st**; many arbitrary abbreviations. Numerous notes in Italian cursive saec. XV.","☛Formerly Wroclaw, Municipal Library Rehdigeranus 169.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1538,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1538,"Script is heavy, ungainly uncial, apparently by aged scribes: the bow of A is pointed; the upper loop of B is often a mere point or comma; the upper end of ꝺ is short, here and there it is seriffed; the left bow of M is mostly closed; the first upright of N is very thin, the second leans to the right and is nail-shaped; Y is short and dotted; Z rises above the line; descenders end in a hair-line; LL occasionally run together. Ligatures include AE, Nꞅ, OR, Uꞅ. A correction in contemporary cursive minuscule on fol. 287, other corrections in uncial saec. VIII. A small correction on fol. 120v is possibly Insular saec. VIII. Some liturgical lection-notes on foll. 163v, 164, etc., and the ‘Capitulares evangelii' on foll. 92v–93v are written in North Italian cursive minuscule saec. VIII with the characteristic ligatures of ce, ss, and st; many arbitrary abbreviations. Numerous notes in Italian cursive saec. XV.
","Written apparently in North Italy, to judge by the script and the additions. Was preserved at Aquileia until 1451, probably in the cathedral library: the entry 'Questo libro si vene daquilegia 1451' stands on fol. 2. It seems to have been at Verona in 1569, according to the sixteenth-century note on fol. 257v: '69 6. Ienaro Verona'. It was probably there that the Silesian humanist Thomas Rehdiger (†1576) purchased it; his library became the property of the city of Breslau in 1645. Destroyed in 1945.
","☛Formerly Wroclaw, Municipal Library Rehdigeranus 169.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1538.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1538.jpg 1539,1165,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1074,"Written no doubt in the Verona area, and probably at Verona itself, to judge from the script. The fragments were taken from the bindings of Breslau MSS 1 Q. 275 and 1 Q. 442, two fifteenth-century volumes coming from the Augustinian convent at Sagan (Silesia).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Coptic, 2 Mcc 2.3-fin.; Peshitta, 3 Mcc 3; Coptic, 4 Mcc 1–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67213",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type: **a**, **d**, and **n** have two forms; **g** is typically Veronese; **i**-longa is used initially except before an ascender or descender (ille, ipse) and medially for the yod-sound. ",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1539,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1539,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type: a, d, and n have two forms; g is typically Veronese; i-longa is used initially except before an ascender or descender (ille, ipse) and medially for the yod-sound.
","Written no doubt in the Verona area, and probably at Verona itself, to judge from the script. The fragments were taken from the bindings of Breslau MSS 1 Q. 275 and 1 Q. 442, two fifteenth-century volumes coming from the Augustinian convent at Sagan (Silesia).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1539.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1539.jpg 1540,1166,Uncial,V,401,500,8,1075,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. Belonged in the eighth century to a centre with Insular, probably Irish connections. The fragments were taken from the binding of Wrocław MS IV. F. 10 saec. XV containing philosophical matter relating to the University of Paris and owned by the Wrocław Dominican convent.",3,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67214",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is expert uncial of an old type, in various sizes: the second stroke of **ꝺ** begins well above the head-line; the shaft of **h** is high; **Y** descends below the line and its branches rise above the head-line; **Z** sweeps below the base-line. Small minuscule corrections saec. VIII seem Insular and probably Irish.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1540,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1540,"Script is expert uncial of an old type, in various sizes: the second stroke of ꝺ begins well above the head-line; the shaft of h is high; Y descends below the line and its branches rise above the head-line; Z sweeps below the base-line. Small minuscule corrections saec. VIII seem Insular and probably Irish.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script. Belonged in the eighth century to a centre with Insular, probably Irish connections. The fragments were taken from the binding of Wrocław MS IV. F. 10 saec. XV containing philosophical matter relating to the University of Paris and owned by the Wrocław Dominican convent.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1540.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1540.jpg 1541,1169,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1076,"Written at Verona, presumably for Bishop Egino (796–9) who after his resignation lived at Reichenau (†802). Our volume formed part of the 'Moralia in Iob libri XXXV in codicibus VI' listed in the Reichenau catalogue of 822. Fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris are seen in MSS 2, fol. 1; 3, fol. 2; 4, fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (6–16, 23–29, 33.4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67216",,"Image from MS. IV, fol. 40v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a firm, regular, and stately Caroline minuscule of the same type as, in part by the very hand that wrote MSS Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616 (CLA [5.601](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/968)) and probably also St Gall 110 (CLA [7.907](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1366)): **a** and **d** have two forms; **f** is half-uncial; **g** either has the characteristic Veronese longish looped top or is half-uncial; ligatures include both **o** and **u** with **s** going below the line, and **UR**, all at line-end. Corrections by several ninth-century Reichenau hands, one recalling that of Reginbert (e.g. MS 2, fol. 54v); another hand recalls Hartmut of St Gall (e.g. MS 4, fol. 140; cf. under [CLA 7.936](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1398)) The name ‘VVIPREHT is carefully pricked in the lower margin of fol. 56 of MS 2. The entry 'hiltibolt kerhart termmauit istum librum' in MS 4, fol. 278v is a tenth-century probatio pennae. For an offset of an Evangelistarium in uncial saec. VIII–IX found in the back cover of MS Aug. 3, see CLA [8.1115](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1582).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1587.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1541,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1541,"Script, by several hands, is a firm, regular, and stately Caroline minuscule of the same type as, in part by the very hand that wrote MSS Paris Lat. 10457 + 10616 (CLA 5.601) and probably also St Gall 110 (CLA 7.907): a and d have two forms; f is half-uncial; g either has the characteristic Veronese longish looped top or is half-uncial; ligatures include both o and u with s going below the line, and UR, all at line-end. Corrections by several ninth-century Reichenau hands, one recalling that of Reginbert (e.g. MS 2, fol. 54v); another hand recalls Hartmut of St Gall (e.g. MS 4, fol. 140; cf. under CLA 7.936) The name ‘VVIPREHT is carefully pricked in the lower margin of fol. 56 of MS 2. The entry 'hiltibolt kerhart termmauit istum librum' in MS 4, fol. 278v is a tenth-century probatio pennae. For an offset of an Evangelistarium in uncial saec. VIII–IX found in the back cover of MS Aug. 3, see CLA 8.1115.
","Written at Verona, presumably for Bishop Egino (796–9) who after his resignation lived at Reichenau (†802). Our volume formed part of the 'Moralia in Iob libri XXXV in codicibus VI' listed in the Reichenau catalogue of 822. Fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris are seen in MSS 2, fol. 1; 3, fol. 2; 4, fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1587.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1541.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1541.jpg 1542,1170,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1077,"Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge from palaeographical features; the abbreviation for misericordia suggests the Verona area. Later at Reichenau: the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Lib' mon augie maioris' stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (13.6.2–20.fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67217",,"fol. 15v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a curious, uncalligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a North Italian type: **a** has various forms, occurring even sickle-shaped and suprascript (**ma**, fol. 17); the hasta of **f** is low and runs along the base-line; **g** is half-uncial, only rarely uncial; **i**-longa is frequent; the shoulder of **r** extends over the following letter; uncial **R** occurs; large uncial **A** in headings or first lines has a triangular leaf-like bow. Numerous ligatures in combination with **e** and **t**: **nt** with **t** reduced to an oblique line; **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti; noteworthy are the characteristically North Italian **ss** resembling conjoint **ns**, **st** with the top of **t** oblique, and **ce** with the head of **c** lowered to hold the **e**. A calendar table in minuscule saec. IX is seen on fol. 90v. A fifteenth-century hand noted a number of abbreviation-symbols formed with **q** in red chalk on fol. 90 (= p. 181).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1542,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1542,"Script, by several hands, is a curious, uncalligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a North Italian type: a has various forms, occurring even sickle-shaped and suprascript (ma, fol. 17); the hasta of f is low and runs along the base-line; g is half-uncial, only rarely uncial; i-longa is frequent; the shoulder of r extends over the following letter; uncial R occurs; large uncial A in headings or first lines has a triangular leaf-like bow. Numerous ligatures in combination with e and t: nt with t reduced to an oblique line; ti ligature for hard and soft ti; noteworthy are the characteristically North Italian ss resembling conjoint ns, st with the top of t oblique, and ce with the head of c lowered to hold the e. A calendar table in minuscule saec. IX is seen on fol. 90v. A fifteenth-century hand noted a number of abbreviation-symbols formed with q in red chalk on fol. 90 (= p. 181).
","Written doubtless in North Italy, to judge from palaeographical features; the abbreviation for misericordia suggests the Verona area. Later at Reichenau: the fifteenth-century ex-libris 'Lib' mon augie maioris' stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1542.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1542.jpg 1543,1171,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1078,"Written in a centre with Insular connections in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau itself; the manuscript is clearly copied from an Insular exemplar. The usual Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Glossarium Biblicum. ('Rz')",Parchment,,,"TM 67218",,"fol. 51v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad, early minuscule of the type used in the Lake Constance region: **a** has two forms; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left; the top of **ꞇ** frequently curves down to the left; **z** is tall; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word a feature of this type; other ligatures are **fu**, **xt**. Some additions and notes correcting the order of leaves are in a contemporary but somewhat thinner and slightly cursive hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1629. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 296.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1543,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1543,"Script, by more than one hand, is a broad, early minuscule of the type used in the Lake Constance region: a has two forms; the shaft of h often leans to the left; the top of ꞇ frequently curves down to the left; z is tall; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word a feature of this type; other ligatures are fu, xt. Some additions and notes correcting the order of leaves are in a contemporary but somewhat thinner and slightly cursive hand.
","Written in a centre with Insular connections in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau itself; the manuscript is clearly copied from an Insular exemplar. The usual Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1629. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 296.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1543.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1543.jpg 1544,1172,"Caroline and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1079,"Written in a Germanic centre in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau itself. The fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Glossarium Latino-Theutonicum. ('Rb')",Parchment,,,"TM 67219",,"fol. 87 ",,,"Script is an early, broad and roundish minuscule of the type familiar in the scriptoria around Lake Constance: open **a** predominates; **z** has its horizontals curved and goes below the line; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word, a characteristic feature of this region; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A cruder hand wrote the Latin on foll. 69 ff. The blank space at the right of the original text on each page was filled in the early ninth century with other glossaries in 2 or 3 columns. The name 'rohfrid' (saec. IX¹) is seen on fol. 100v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1630. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriftenn 296.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1544,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1544,"Script is an early, broad and roundish minuscule of the type familiar in the scriptoria around Lake Constance: open a predominates; z has its horizontals curved and goes below the line; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word, a characteristic feature of this region; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A cruder hand wrote the Latin on foll. 69 ff. The blank space at the right of the original text on each page was filled in the early ninth century with other glossaries in 2 or 3 columns. The name 'rohfrid' (saec. IX¹) is seen on fol. 100v.
","Written in a Germanic centre in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau itself. The fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris is seen on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1630. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriftenn 296.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1544.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1544.jpg 1546,1173,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1080,"Written doubtless at Lorsch, to judge by its palaeography. The manuscript was still there in the middle of the ninth century, to judge by the script of the corrections. Provenance the monastery of Reichenau: the usual fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae, Contra Vigilantium, Liber tertius adversus libros Rufini (fragm.), Adversus Helvidium de Mariae virginitate perpetua; Ps- Hieronymus, Epistulae; Augustinus, Epistulae; Isidorus, De differentiis rerum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67220",,"fol. 4 ",,http://bibliotheca-laureshamensis-digital.de/view/blb_augperg105,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; majuscule **N** is frequent; **z** here and there has the tall Germanic form; **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti. Well formed Anglo-Saxon majuscule is occasionally used for the opening lines of a book (see CLA plate; cf. CLA [1.82](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/94) and [1.88](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/100)). Corrections by contemporary or somewhat later hands; an entire epistle was entered on space left blank on fol. 47r–v by a Lorsch hand saec. IX med.; fol. 199 and the inserted fol. 200 are also in Lorsch script saec. IX. Early ninth-century additions are the 'Praecepta Phitagorica', etc., on fol. 1 and a theological excerpt on fol. 3r–v. Some Greek words were carefully corrected over erasure in the tenth century. The Nota Tironiana 'hic' occurs on fol. 135v, etc. Neumes were added by a tenth or eleventh-century hand on fol. 61v over a rather mournful passage in the letter to Heliodorus (the same hand repeats the passage and the neumes on fol. 3v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1634. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 297.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1546,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1546,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; majuscule N is frequent; z here and there has the tall Germanic form; ti ligature for hard and soft ti. Well formed Anglo-Saxon majuscule is occasionally used for the opening lines of a book (see CLA plate; cf. CLA 1.82 and 1.88). Corrections by contemporary or somewhat later hands; an entire epistle was entered on space left blank on fol. 47r–v by a Lorsch hand saec. IX med.; fol. 199 and the inserted fol. 200 are also in Lorsch script saec. IX. Early ninth-century additions are the 'Praecepta Phitagorica', etc., on fol. 1 and a theological excerpt on fol. 3r–v. Some Greek words were carefully corrected over erasure in the tenth century. The Nota Tironiana 'hic' occurs on fol. 135v, etc. Neumes were added by a tenth or eleventh-century hand on fol. 61v over a rather mournful passage in the letter to Heliodorus (the same hand repeats the passage and the neumes on fol. 3v).
","Written doubtless at Lorsch, to judge by its palaeography. The manuscript was still there in the middle of the ninth century, to judge by the script of the corrections. Provenance the monastery of Reichenau: the usual fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1634. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 297.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1546.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1546.jpg 1547,1174,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1081,"Written doubtless in a centre of calligraphy in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau. Was still unfinished when used shortly afterwards for rewriting with grammatical and other texts, presumably at Reichenau. The volume with the secondary script is mentioned in the Reichenau catalogue of the year 822.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasiano-Gregorianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67221",,"fol. 35 ",,,"Script, by at least two scribes, is broad Alemannic minuscule of the type found in the Lake Constance region: ligatures include **ant**, **xp** (in **xpm**).","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 49 no. 1. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1643.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1547,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1547,"Script, by at least two scribes, is broad Alemannic minuscule of the type found in the Lake Constance region: ligatures include ant, xp (in xpm).
","Written doubtless in a centre of calligraphy in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau. Was still unfinished when used shortly afterwards for rewriting with grammatical and other texts, presumably at Reichenau. The volume with the secondary script is mentioned in the Reichenau catalogue of the year 822.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 49 no. 1. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1643.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1547.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1547.jpg 1548,1175,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1082,"Written doubtless in the Lake Constance region. Used at the beginning of the ninth century, probably at Reichenau, for rewriting with grammatical and other texts. The volume with the secondary script is mentioned in the Reichenau catalogue of the year 822.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Psalterium Gallicanum, Ps, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67222",,"fol. 88v ",,,"Script is late uncial resembling the type seen in the headings of contemporary manuscripts in Alemannic minuscule; **LL** sometimes run together. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 344. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften II p.317.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1548,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1548,"Script is late uncial resembling the type seen in the headings of contemporary manuscripts in Alemannic minuscule; LL sometimes run together.
","Written doubtless in the Lake Constance region. Used at the beginning of the ninth century, probably at Reichenau, for rewriting with grammatical and other texts. The volume with the secondary script is mentioned in the Reichenau catalogue of the year 822.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 344. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften II p.317.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1548.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1548.jpg 1549,1176,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1083,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Priscian by an Irishman whose books remained at Reichenau.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67223",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is Irish majuscule with **d** and (less often) **ꝺ**, **N** and **n**, **R** and **r**, **S** and **ꞅ**.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1549,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1549,"Script is Irish majuscule with d and (less often) ꝺ, N and n, R and r, S and ꞅ.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Priscian by an Irishman whose books remained at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1549.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1549.jpg 1550,1177,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1084,"Written presumably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Priscian by an Irishman whose books remained at Reichenau.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vetus Latina, Dn, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67224",,"fol. 98v ",,,"Script is Irish majuscule. Little is visible, but parts of chap. 3 have been identified on foll. 101v, 102v, and 103. ",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1550,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1550,"Script is Irish majuscule. Little is visible, but parts of chap. 3 have been identified on foll. 101v, 102v, and 103.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Priscian by an Irishman whose books remained at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1550.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1550.jpg 1551,1178,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1085,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Bede by an Irishman who used many palimpsests and whose books remained at Reichenau.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67225",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is Irish majuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1551,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1551,"Script is Irish majuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with Bede by an Irishman who used many palimpsests and whose books remained at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1551.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1551.jpg 1552,1179,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex.",776,800,8,1086,"Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge from the script. Belonged later to the monastery of Reichenau: the usual fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Hieronymus, Explanationes in Isaiam (1–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67226",,"fol. 92 ",,,"Script is an early minuscule of Italian type, by several scribes: open **a** is the rule; **e** is tall and often has a short fore-stroke; **ff** are barred by a single stroke; flat-topped **g** occurs here and there; the final stroke of **r** extends over following **t**; numerous ligatures, including **fi**, **nc**, **ri**, and **st** in the North Italian form with the top of the **t** oblique; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A slightly more cursive script is used for a few lines on fol. 86v: **e** in the ligature **en** is 8-shaped. Uncial occurs in some opening lines. Contemporary corrections by several hands; noteworthy is the almost half-uncial script on fol. 92v . A contemporary entry on fol. 47v reads: 'lege si quando opus fuerit in dedicatione.' Notae Tironianae are seen in the lower margins of some outer pages of quires. Various marginal entries saec. XV.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1552,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1552,"Script is an early minuscule of Italian type, by several scribes: open a is the rule; e is tall and often has a short fore-stroke; ff are barred by a single stroke; flat-topped g occurs here and there; the final stroke of r extends over following t; numerous ligatures, including fi, nc, ri, and st in the North Italian form with the top of the t oblique; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. A slightly more cursive script is used for a few lines on fol. 86v: e in the ligature en is 8-shaped. Uncial occurs in some opening lines. Contemporary corrections by several hands; noteworthy is the almost half-uncial script on fol. 92v . A contemporary entry on fol. 47v reads: 'lege si quando opus fuerit in dedicatione.' Notae Tironianae are seen in the lower margins of some outer pages of quires. Various marginal entries saec. XV.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge from the script. Belonged later to the monastery of Reichenau: the usual fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1552.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1552.jpg 1553,1180,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex.",776,800,8,1087,"Written in the Lake Constance region, and possibly at St Gall. The usual fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (In Octateuchum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67227",,"foll. 78v and 67 ",,,"Script, by several scribes, is crude Alemannic minuscule in vogue in the Lake Constance region: **a** is almost regularly open; **z** is tall and striking; ligatures are numerous, including the characteristic **nt** even in mid-word, **ra** with the shoulder of **r** descending to form the right-hand stroke of **a** (cf. CLA [7.920](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1381), [7.931](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1393)), **sp**, **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1683.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1553,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1553,"Script, by several scribes, is crude Alemannic minuscule in vogue in the Lake Constance region: a is almost regularly open; z is tall and striking; ligatures are numerous, including the characteristic nt even in mid-word, ra with the shoulder of r descending to form the right-hand stroke of a (cf. CLA 7.920, 7.931), sp, ti ligature for hard and soft ti. Corrections in ninth-century minuscule.
","Written in the Lake Constance region, and possibly at St Gall. The usual fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris stands on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1683.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1553.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1553.jpg 1554,1181,"Irish Majuscule","VIII¹ ",701,750,8,1088,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe in a centre where other Irish books were available. His books later remained at Reichenau.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67228",,"fol. 7 ",,,"Script is a slightly compressed Irish majuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1554,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1554,"Script is a slightly compressed Irish majuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe in a centre where other Irish books were available. His books later remained at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1554.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1554.jpg 1555,1182,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1089,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.",,,,"Antiphonarium (Liturgia Sabbati Sancti (?)).",Parchment,,,"TM 67229",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is Irish majuscule with little uniformity of direction and size: **d**, **n**, **r**, and **ꞅ** apparently predominate over the majuscule forms.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1555,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1555,"Script is Irish majuscule with little uniformity of direction and size: d, n, r, and ꞅ apparently predominate over the majuscule forms.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1555.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1555.jpg 1556,1183,"Irish Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1090,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.",,,,"Antiphonarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67230",,"fol. 39v ",,,"Script is Irish minuscule. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1692.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1556,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1556,"Script is Irish minuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1692.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1556.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1556.jpg 1557,1184,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1091,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.",,,,"Sacramentarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67231",,"fol. 33v ",,,"Script is stately Irish majuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1557,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1557,"Script is stately Irish majuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1557.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1557.jpg 1558,1185,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1092,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.",,,,"Fragmentum Liturgicum (Sacramentarium (?)).",Parchment,,,"TM 67232",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is compressed Irish majuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1558,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1558,"Script is compressed Irish majuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century with a work of Augustine by an Irish scribe whose books survived at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1558.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1558.jpg 1559,1186,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1093,"Written presumably in a Southwest German or Swiss scriptorium, and possibly even at Reichenau itself. The presence of **ma** for 'misericordia' and **ner** for 'noster' suggests some North Italian ancestor (cf. the group centring around St Gall MSS 108 and 227, CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363) and [7.930](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1392); cf. also MS Aug. CCLXI, CLA [8.1111](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1578). Belonged to Reichenau: the fifteenth-century entry ‘Lib augie maioris' stands on fol. 3 and 141v.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67233",,"fol. 61v ",,,"Script, mainly by two hands, is ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule of Southwest German or Swiss type; some features in the main hand are reminiscent of Alemannic minuscule: **a** has two forms; **z** is tall and its horizontals are curved; the script of the second hand (on foll. 61v, 62v, etc.) is more angular and compressed and leans to the left: the shafts of **d** and **t** go below the line and the horizontal of **t** is looped at the left; the ligature **bi** occurs in a form recalling Merovingian scripts (e.g. on fol. 62v).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1559,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1559,"Script, mainly by two hands, is ungainly pre-Caroline minuscule of Southwest German or Swiss type; some features in the main hand are reminiscent of Alemannic minuscule: a has two forms; z is tall and its horizontals are curved; the script of the second hand (on foll. 61v, 62v, etc.) is more angular and compressed and leans to the left: the shafts of d and t go below the line and the horizontal of t is looped at the left; the ligature bi occurs in a form recalling Merovingian scripts (e.g. on fol. 62v).
","Written presumably in a Southwest German or Swiss scriptorium, and possibly even at Reichenau itself. The presence of ma for 'misericordia' and ner for 'noster' suggests some North Italian ancestor (cf. the group centring around St Gall MSS 108 and 227, CLA 7.905 and 7.930; cf. also MS Aug. CCLXI, CLA 8.1111. Belonged to Reichenau: the fifteenth-century entry ‘Lib augie maioris' stands on fol. 3 and 141v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1559.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1559.jpg 1560,1187,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1094,"Written doubtless in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau.",,,,"Hymnus Cuchuimnei in Laudem S Mariae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67234",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a roundish minuscule approaching the charter-hand of South-west German type: **a** has two forms; numerous ligatures; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti. Probationes pennae (saec. IX) are seen on the verso, and the recto contains the name 'eberhart' (saec. X) and an indication (saec. IX) of the contents of the main volume.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1711.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1560,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1560,"Script is a roundish minuscule approaching the charter-hand of South-west German type: a has two forms; numerous ligatures; ti ligature is used for hard ti. Probationes pennae (saec. IX) are seen on the verso, and the recto contains the name 'eberhart' (saec. X) and an indication (saec. IX) of the contents of the main volume.
","Written doubtless in the Lake Constance region, probably at Reichenau.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1711.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1560.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1560.jpg 1561,1188,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,8,1095,"Written presumably in Northumbria or on the Continent in an Anglo-Saxon centre with Northumbrian connections. The manuscript seems to have reached the Reichenau region early, since it was completed there, and probably at Reichenau itself, in the beginning of the ninth century.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (1.8–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67235",,"fol. 54 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/248002,"Script, by more than one hand, is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the type seen in the Maaseik Gospels (CLA [10.1558](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/283)): the ligature **st** occurs. Part of the first column of fol. 54 is erased and rewritten by an Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand saec. VIII ex.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1561,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1561,"Script, by more than one hand, is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the type seen in the Maaseik Gospels (CLA 10.1558): the ligature st occurs. Part of the first column of fol. 54 is erased and rewritten by an Anglo-Saxon minuscule hand saec. VIII ex.
","Written presumably in Northumbria or on the Continent in an Anglo-Saxon centre with Northumbrian connections. The manuscript seems to have reached the Reichenau region early, since it was completed there, and probably at Reichenau itself, in the beginning of the ninth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1561.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1561.jpg 1562,1189,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1096,"Written probably in a part of Switzerland or Southwest Germany near Burgundy. The familiar fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Catholicae (Vulgata, Apc, Iac, 1–2 Pt, 2–3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 67236",,"foll. 30v and 48 ",,,"Script is a bold, heavy pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms, with the open one prevailing; both **d** and **ꝺ** are used; noteworthy is the form of **g**; the shaft of **h** here and there bends markedly to the left; **i**-longa is frequently used initially, occasionally even medially for the yod-sound; the bow of **q** is open and **c**-shaped; **y** is v-shaped; ascenders are long in parts of the manuscript. Script of the inserted leaves is typical Reichenau minuscule saec. IX in. A formulary of a letter saec. IX stands on fol. 1 among other probationes pennae. The rectos of the two unnumbered fly-leaves each contain the same list of names scratched in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII: 'pretahcrus', 'teodorus', 'columba', 'abutuna' (?), 'maurencius', etc.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1562,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1562,"Script is a bold, heavy pre-Caroline minuscule: a has two forms, with the open one prevailing; both d and ꝺ are used; noteworthy is the form of g; the shaft of h here and there bends markedly to the left; i-longa is frequently used initially, occasionally even medially for the yod-sound; the bow of q is open and c-shaped; y is v-shaped; ascenders are long in parts of the manuscript. Script of the inserted leaves is typical Reichenau minuscule saec. IX in. A formulary of a letter saec. IX stands on fol. 1 among other probationes pennae. The rectos of the two unnumbered fly-leaves each contain the same list of names scratched in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII: 'pretahcrus', 'teodorus', 'columba', 'abutuna' (?), 'maurencius', etc.
","Written probably in a part of Switzerland or Southwest Germany near Burgundy. The familiar fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1562.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1562.jpg 1563,1190,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1097,"Written at Reichenau, in part by the monk Alboinus whose name is found in the Reichenau Liber confraternitatum. It is one of the earliest books assignable to this monastery, which was founded in 724.",,,,"Primasius, In Apocalypsin (1–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67237",,"foll. 64 and 176v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a somewhat roundish Alemannic minuscule of the type practised in the Lake Constance region: **a** has two forms; **z** is tall, with its horizontals curved; the characteristic **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. The scribe Alboinus, who finishes the volume, writes on the last page a compressed minuscule with the horned **o** and drops into Carolingian charter-hand in his subscription. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1713. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 214.",,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1563,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1563,"Script, by several hands, is a somewhat roundish Alemannic minuscule of the type practised in the Lake Constance region: a has two forms; z is tall, with its horizontals curved; the characteristic nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. The scribe Alboinus, who finishes the volume, writes on the last page a compressed minuscule with the horned o and drops into Carolingian charter-hand in his subscription.
","Written at Reichenau, in part by the monk Alboinus whose name is found in the Reichenau Liber confraternitatum. It is one of the earliest books assignable to this monastery, which was founded in 724.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1713. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 214.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1563.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1563.jpg 1564,1191,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1098,"Written in North Italy, probably at Verona to judge from its palaeographical features. Came to Germany apparently not later than the tenth century, to judge from the date of the German glosses. The fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67238",,"Image from the upper and lower halves of fol. 40",,,"Script is half-uncial in its final stage, mixed with some uncial elements: uncial **A** occurs here and there, **ꝺ** rarely, **G** regularly; **FF** occasionally run together; for the last line or lines of foll. 30, 40, and 51 the script drops into cursive minuscule to be compared with Verona 33 (31) (CLA [4.492](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/840)): **t** in ligature has various forms. The source-references in the margins are in small cursive half-uncial by first hand. **G** in the uncial headings on the first folios regularly has the capital form. The recto of fol. 16 was entirely and the verso partially washed off and rewritten in the early ninth century. Corrections and probationes pennae in ninth and tenth-century minuscule. Old High German glosses occur.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1564,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1564,"Script is half-uncial in its final stage, mixed with some uncial elements: uncial A occurs here and there, ꝺ rarely, G regularly; FF occasionally run together; for the last line or lines of foll. 30, 40, and 51 the script drops into cursive minuscule to be compared with Verona 33 (31) (CLA 4.492): t in ligature has various forms. The source-references in the margins are in small cursive half-uncial by first hand. G in the uncial headings on the first folios regularly has the capital form. The recto of fol. 16 was entirely and the verso partially washed off and rewritten in the early ninth century. Corrections and probationes pennae in ninth and tenth-century minuscule. Old High German glosses occur.
","Written in North Italy, probably at Verona to judge from its palaeographical features. Came to Germany apparently not later than the tenth century, to judge from the date of the German glosses. The fifteenth-century Reichenau ex-libris is seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1564.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1564.jpg 1566,1192,"Uncial and Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² (ante 782)",751,781,8,1099,"Origin uncertain; probably Switzerland since the manuscript combines some Italian features with the use of French palimpsests. The date of the secondary script cannot be earlier than saec. VIII² because of the date of the Sedatus text (CLA [8.1106](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1573)). Was apparently at Reichenau by 782, for an early Alemannic hand added the prayer 'penedicat deus iohanne episcopo et congregatione nostra' at the end of the volume; Iohannes II was bishop of Constance and abbot of Reichenau and St Gall from 760 till 781–2 (cf. CLA [7.899](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1357)). The fifteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 10.",2,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67239",,"foll. 4 and 183 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is partly debased uncial (foll. 1–9v), partly pre-Caroline mixed minuscule here and there verging on cursive: **LL** sometimes run together; in the minuscule part **d**, **g**, **n**, **r**, and occasionally some other letters have also the uncial forms; **a** resembles contiguous **oc**; **g** in ligature with following **n** sometimes has the **s**-like Insular form; the shoulder of **r** often rises above the line and over the following letter; ligatures are numerous; noteworthy are the bizarre form of **nt** and the North Italian look of the **st**; **ti** ligature occurs for hard ti. Notae Tironianae: 'usque hic' on foll. 43v, 44, 147. Some corrections saec. IX in. Probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX on fol. 1 and 1v partly in Alemannic minuscule.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1566,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566,"Script is partly debased uncial (foll. 1–9v), partly pre-Caroline mixed minuscule here and there verging on cursive: LL sometimes run together; in the minuscule part d, g, n, r, and occasionally some other letters have also the uncial forms; a resembles contiguous oc; g in ligature with following n sometimes has the s-like Insular form; the shoulder of r often rises above the line and over the following letter; ligatures are numerous; noteworthy are the bizarre form of nt and the North Italian look of the st; ti ligature occurs for hard ti. Notae Tironianae: 'usque hic' on foll. 43v, 44, 147. Some corrections saec. IX in. Probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX on fol. 1 and 1v partly in Alemannic minuscule.
","Origin uncertain; probably Switzerland since the manuscript combines some Italian features with the use of French palimpsests. The date of the secondary script cannot be earlier than saec. VIII² because of the date of the Sedatus text (CLA 8.1106). Was apparently at Reichenau by 782, for an early Alemannic hand added the prayer 'penedicat deus iohanne episcopo et congregatione nostra' at the end of the volume; Iohannes II was bishop of Constance and abbot of Reichenau and St Gall from 760 till 781–2 (cf. CLA 7.899). The fifteenth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 10.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1566.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1566.jpg 1567,1193,Uncial,VIII,701,800,8,1100,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",0,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67240",,"fol. 17v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of a late type. ",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1567,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1567,"Script is a calligraphic uncial of a late type.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1567.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1567.jpg 1568,1194,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,8,1101,"Written doubtless in the Frankish kingdom. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",,,,"Oratio pro Regibus Francorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67241",,"Image shows the entire fol. 16",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** rises above the line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1568,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1568,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of A rises above the line.
","Written doubtless in the Frankish kingdom. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1568.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1568.jpg 1569,1195,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1102,"Written probably in France. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",,,,"Missale Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67242",,"fol. 90 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is a bold, wellformed uncial: the bow of **A** is sometimes open; the upper bow of **B** is comma-like and sometimes unattached to the stem; the eye of **E** is open; the tail of **𐌾** is short; minuscule **d** occurs in the per dominum formula. The script has a slight kinship with the uncial of the palimpsest Psalterium Augiense Primum in the same volume (CLA [8.1108](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1575)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1569,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1569,"Script is a bold, wellformed uncial: the bow of A is sometimes open; the upper bow of B is comma-like and sometimes unattached to the stem; the eye of E is open; the tail of 𐌾 is short; minuscule d occurs in the per dominum formula. The script has a slight kinship with the uncial of the palimpsest Psalterium Augiense Primum in the same volume (CLA 8.1108).
","Written probably in France. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1569.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1569.jpg 1570,1196,"Cursive Minuscule and Cursive",VII²–VIII¹,651,750,8,1103,"Origin uncertain, possibly in France. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum, in the eighth century. Was at Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",3,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67243",,"fol. 19v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is difficult to determine since little can be read (on CLA plate, fol. 19v, one can just decipher in the central part: . . . cors . . . /. . . . quabile (?) utraque . . . /. . . . . . . . nostra . /). Notae Tironianae (post . . .) occur after the first prayer on fol. 90v. Because of the difference in script it is unlikely that the two other palimpsest prayers on single sheets found in this volume (CLA [8.1100](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1567) and [8.1101](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1568)) could possibly belong to the same collection.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1570,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1570,"Script is difficult to determine since little can be read (on CLA plate, fol. 19v, one can just decipher in the central part: . . . cors . . . /. . . . quabile (?) utraque . . . /. . . . . . . . nostra . /). Notae Tironianae (post . . .) occur after the first prayer on fol. 90v. Because of the difference in script it is unlikely that the two other palimpsest prayers on single sheets found in this volume (CLA 8.1100 and 8.1101) could possibly belong to the same collection.
","Origin uncertain, possibly in France. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum, in the eighth century. Was at Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1570.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1570.jpg 1571,1197,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1104,"Written presumably in France. Used for rewriting with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 27–46, 51–65, 70–74, fragm.).",Parchment,"Psalterium Augiense Secundum.",,"TM 67244",,"fol. 72 ",http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,,"Script is a rather small, clumsy uncial: **LL** run together; ligatures occur of **OB**, **OR**, **UR**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1571,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1571,"Script is a rather small, clumsy uncial: LL run together; ligatures occur of OB, OR, UR.
","Written presumably in France. Used for rewriting with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1571.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1571.jpg 1572,1198,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,8,1105,"Written probably in France. Used for rewriting with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",3,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67245",,"fol. 89 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bows of **B** do not join; the tail of **𐌾** is short; the second bow of **M** is often smaller than the first; the second upright of **N** is nail-shaped and leans to the right.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1572,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1572,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bows of B do not join; the tail of 𐌾 is short; the second bow of M is often smaller than the first; the second upright of N is nail-shaped and leans to the right.
","Written probably in France. Used for rewriting with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1572.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1572.jpg 1573,1199,"Early Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1106,"Origin uncertain, possibly Switzerland or an Alsatian scriptorium like Murbach, to judge from the script. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",2,,,"Sedatus Nemausensis, Sermo de Die Iudicii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67246",,"foll. 88 and 83 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is a well-formed, roundish early minuscule approaching the Caroline, with ascenders and descenders fairly long; there is some resemblance to Besançon MS 184 (CLA [6.731](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1136)); open **a** seems to be the rule; the top of **ꞇ** bends down to the left.","☛Cf. Caesarius Arelat., Ed. Morin, Sermo 57.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1573,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1573,"Script is a well-formed, roundish early minuscule approaching the Caroline, with ascenders and descenders fairly long; there is some resemblance to Besançon MS 184 (CLA 6.731); open a seems to be the rule; the top of ꞇ bends down to the left.
","Origin uncertain, possibly Switzerland or an Alsatian scriptorium like Murbach, to judge from the script. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
","☛Cf. Caesarius Arelat., Ed. Morin, Sermo 57.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1573.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1573.jpg 1574,1200,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1107,"Written presumably in North Italy, possibly at Ravenna, to judge from the script. Rewritten in the eighth century with Hieronymus in Matthaeum. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",2,,,"Euagrius, Altercatio Legis inter Simonem Iudaeum et Theophilum Christianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67247",,"fol. 99 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is a bold, well-formed half-uncial markedly resembling the Job palimpsest, Vatic. Lat. 5763 + Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64 (CLA [1.41](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/49) and [9.**41](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1711)) and to a certain extent the somewhat older Ravenna Ambrose (CLA [4.410 a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754) and [4.410 b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)): **A**, **F**, and **G** are regularly uncial, **ꝺ** often.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1574,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1574,"Script is a bold, well-formed half-uncial markedly resembling the Job palimpsest, Vatic. Lat. 5763 + Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 64 (CLA 1.41 and 9.**41) and to a certain extent the somewhat older Ravenna Ambrose (CLA 4.410 a and 4.410 b): A, F, and G are regularly uncial, ꝺ often.
","Written presumably in North Italy, possibly at Ravenna, to judge from the script. Rewritten in the eighth century with Hieronymus in Matthaeum. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1574.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1574.jpg 1575,1201,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,8,1108,"Written probably in France, to judge from the script. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 30–54, 107–108, 125–129, fragm.).",Parchment,"Psalterium Augiense Primum.",,"TM 67248",,"Image shows the entire fol. 180 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script is a bold uncial by two hands: one is more roundish and has the upper bow of **B** unattached; the other is somewhat elongated and compressed: the bow of **A** starts at the head-line and is hook-like; the eye of **E** is mostly open; ligatures occur of **UN**, **UNT**, **UR**.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1575,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1575,"Script is a bold uncial by two hands: one is more roundish and has the upper bow of B unattached; the other is somewhat elongated and compressed: the bow of A starts at the head-line and is hook-like; the eye of E is mostly open; ligatures occur of UN, UNT, UR.
","Written probably in France, to judge from the script. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1575.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1575.jpg 1576,1202,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1109,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA [8.1099](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1566)).",0,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67249",,"foll. 154v and 162 (the primary script is upside down)",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/17937,"Script, of which only traces are visible, is a rather large and apparently crude uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1576,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1576,"Script, of which only traces are visible, is a rather large and apparently crude uncial.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Hieronymus in Matthaeum in the eighth century. Belonged to Reichenau at latest by 782 (cf. CLA 8.1099).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1576.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1576.jpg 1577,1203,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1110,"Written probably in a North-Italian centre, possibly in a Swiss, to judge from the script. The two parts of the complete volume were apparently united by the ninth century, as the litany mentioned above is by a hand of part 1; the preference for French saints in the litany suggests that our manuscript came to Reichenau by way of France. The usual Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.",2,,,"Isidorus, De Officiis; Homiliae; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67250",,"foll. 72 and 188v",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/18352,"Script, by more than one scribe, is a well-formed, neat pre-Caroline minuscule somewhat reminiscent of Schaffhausen Min. 80 (CLA [7.1003](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1274)): the open form of **a** predominates; **d** has two forms; **i**-longa occurs both initially and medially (Iustitia, cuIus); the shoulder of **r** is high and extends over the following letter; the descender of **y** curves to the left; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Later additions are an 'orologium' entered on foll. 211v–212 (saec. VIII–IX), a litany mentioning Louis the Pious on foll. 212v–213v (saec. IX), an effaced entry 'beriuuig (?) episc (?)' on fol. 181v (saec. IX), glosses on fol. 213v (saec. X), and a Runic alphabet on fol. 211 (saec. X).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 364 no. 1735. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 215.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1577,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1577,"Script, by more than one scribe, is a well-formed, neat pre-Caroline minuscule somewhat reminiscent of Schaffhausen Min. 80 (CLA 7.1003): the open form of a predominates; d has two forms; i-longa occurs both initially and medially (Iustitia, cuIus); the shoulder of r is high and extends over the following letter; the descender of y curves to the left; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Later additions are an 'orologium' entered on foll. 211v–212 (saec. VIII–IX), a litany mentioning Louis the Pious on foll. 212v–213v (saec. IX), an effaced entry 'beriuuig (?) episc (?)' on fol. 181v (saec. IX), glosses on fol. 213v (saec. X), and a Runic alphabet on fol. 211 (saec. X).
","Written probably in a North-Italian centre, possibly in a Swiss, to judge from the script. The two parts of the complete volume were apparently united by the ninth century, as the litany mentioned above is by a hand of part 1; the preference for French saints in the litany suggests that our manuscript came to Reichenau by way of France. The usual Reichenau ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 364 no. 1735. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 215.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1577.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1577.jpg 1578,1204,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1111,"Written possibly in Western Switzerland or Northern Italy, to judge from the script. Early presence in the Lake Constance region is suggested by the script of foll. 1–32. Probably to be identified with an item in the Reichenau catalogue of 822: '(Hieronymi) In Matthaei evangelium explanationis volumina II'; this would correspond to an original distribution of the manuscript in two volumes. The familiar ex-libris 'liber augie maioris' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67251",,"foll. 196 and 246 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/3341646,"Script of the main part, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type recalling Paris Lat. 653 and 9451 (CLA [5.527](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/884) and [5.580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945)), St Gall 108 and 227 (CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363) and [7.930](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1392)), Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 513 (CLA [9.1382](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1885)), and Vienna Lat. 1616: the characteristic letter is the short, broad **r** with firm up-turned shoulder; **a** and **d** have two forms; **i**-longa occurs even in mid-word; ascenders are often long; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Script of foll. 1–32 is Alemannic minuscule. Liturgical marks on foll. 246, 258, and 269 dealing with the Lord's passion.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1740.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1578,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1578,"Script of the main part, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type recalling Paris Lat. 653 and 9451 (CLA 5.527 and 5.580), St Gall 108 and 227 (CLA 7.905 and 7.930), Wolfenbüttel Helmst. 513 (CLA 9.1382), and Vienna Lat. 1616: the characteristic letter is the short, broad r with firm up-turned shoulder; a and d have two forms; i-longa occurs even in mid-word; ascenders are often long; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Script of foll. 1–32 is Alemannic minuscule. Liturgical marks on foll. 246, 258, and 269 dealing with the Lord's passion.
","Written possibly in Western Switzerland or Northern Italy, to judge from the script. Early presence in the Lake Constance region is suggested by the script of foll. 1–32. Probably to be identified with an item in the Reichenau catalogue of 822: '(Hieronymi) In Matthaei evangelium explanationis volumina II'; this would correspond to an original distribution of the manuscript in two volumes. The familiar ex-libris 'liber augie maioris' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1740.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1578.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1578.jpg 1579,1205,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1112,"Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The fragment was used in the binding of the Reichenau paper MS 138.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps 16, 17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67252",,"Entire verso shown",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26710,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **ꝺ** and **S** have the majuscule form, **n** and **r** have the minuscule and are easily confused.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1579,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1579,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: ꝺ and S have the majuscule form, n and r have the minuscule and are easily confused.
","Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The fragment was used in the binding of the Reichenau paper MS 138.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1579.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1579.jpg 1580,1206,Half-Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1113,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Southern France and perhaps Lyon, to judge from the script. The fragment was taken from the binding of [MS Aug. 131](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595).",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vulgata, Mt 1.21–2.15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67253",,"fol. 2 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26794,"Script is a distinct type of half-uncial by a well-trained scribe perhaps using a reed, and recalling the script of parts of Cologne 212 (CLA [8.1162](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1633)): letters lean to the left; the bow of **d** is ample; **𐌾** is uncial with its tail curving to the right; the oblique of **N** is thin. A liturgical entry saec. VIII or IX on fol. 2v seems Insular.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1580,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1580,"Script is a distinct type of half-uncial by a well-trained scribe perhaps using a reed, and recalling the script of parts of Cologne 212 (CLA 8.1162): letters lean to the left; the bow of d is ample; 𐌾 is uncial with its tail curving to the right; the oblique of N is thin. A liturgical entry saec. VIII or IX on fol. 2v seems Insular.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre in Southern France and perhaps Lyon, to judge from the script. The fragment was taken from the binding of MS Aug. 131.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1580.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1580.jpg 1581,1207,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,8,1114,"Written probably in Italy, to judge from the script. The fragment was formerly used in the binding of MS Aug. 101.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum (Vulgata, Iac 2.6–4.4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67254",,"fol. 1v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26799,"Script is traditional uncial by a not very expert scribe: the bow of **A** is pinched; the eye of **E** is open; **M** is broad.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1581,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1581,"Script is traditional uncial by a not very expert scribe: the bow of A is pinched; the eye of E is open; M is broad.
","Written probably in Italy, to judge from the script. The fragment was formerly used in the binding of MS Aug. 101.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1581.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1581.jpg 1582,1208,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1115,"Origin uncertain, most likely a centre in the Frankish empire with a high standard of calligraphy.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Io 20.1–6, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67255",,"Image from the offset in MS. Aug. III (reversed to make it legible) ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26842,"Script is stately, imitation uncial: the eye of **E** is open and its hasta central.","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1746.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1582,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1582,"Script is stately, imitation uncial: the eye of E is open and its hasta central.
","Origin uncertain, most likely a centre in the Frankish empire with a high standard of calligraphy.
","☛Codex purpureus. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1746.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1582.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1582.jpg 1583,1209,"Compressed Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1116,"Written in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century at Clondalkin (Co. Leinster), as is proved by the ex-libris entered by one of the hands of the upper script: '(Libe)r trinitatis et sci cronáni filii lugaedón.' Both this and the similar scrap, MS Fragm. Aug. 17, were detached from the binding of [MS Aug. 167](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1551), the Irish manuscript of Bede.",,,,"Sacramentarium (Antiphonarium).",Parchment,,,"TM 67256",,"fol. 1v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26812,"Script is somewhat compressed Irish majuscule: **n** is minuscule, **R** majuscule, both **S** and **ꞅ** occur. The following words can be deciphered on fol. 1v reproduced on CLA plate: '(initial) O . . . . tris unigenitus . . gnus mariae . . mogenito humani generis . . . missum.'",,,,3,19,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1583,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1583,"Script is somewhat compressed Irish majuscule: n is minuscule, R majuscule, both S and ꞅ occur. The following words can be deciphered on fol. 1v reproduced on CLA plate: '(initial) O . . . . tris unigenitus . . gnus mariae . . mogenito humani generis . . . missum.'
","Written in Ireland. Rewritten in the ninth century at Clondalkin (Co. Leinster), as is proved by the ex-libris entered by one of the hands of the upper script: '(Libe)r trinitatis et sci cronáni filii lugaedón.' Both this and the similar scrap, MS Fragm. Aug. 17, were detached from the binding of MS Aug. 167, the Irish manuscript of Bede.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1583.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1583.jpg 1584,1210,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1117,"Written in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent. Used in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 121.",,,,Orationes.,Parchment,,,"TM 67257",,"fol. 2v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26819,"Script is an Irish majuscule of a late type: **d**, **n**, and **ꞅ** are normally minuscule, **r** occurs in both majuscule and minuscule forms; vertical shafts have small triangular tops often left unshaded. Interlinear additions in Irish minuscule saec. IX.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1584,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1584,"Script is an Irish majuscule of a late type: d, n, and ꞅ are normally minuscule, r occurs in both majuscule and minuscule forms; vertical shafts have small triangular tops often left unshaded. Interlinear additions in Irish minuscule saec. IX.
","Written in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent. Used in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 121.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1584.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1584.jpg 1585,1211,"Irish Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1118,"Written in Ireland, probably at Tallaght, to judge by its resemblance to the [Stowe Missal](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/587).",,,,"Consuetudines Monasticae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67258",,"Image from the verso ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/26826,"Script is a curious compressed and angular Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, and perhaps by the same hand that wrote the Stowe Missal (CLA [2.268](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/587)): **d**, **n**, **ꞅ** are minuscule, **R** regularly majuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1585,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1585,"Script is a curious compressed and angular Irish majuscule verging on minuscule, and perhaps by the same hand that wrote the Stowe Missal (CLA 2.268): d, n, ꞅ are minuscule, R regularly majuscule.
","Written in Ireland, probably at Tallaght, to judge by its resemblance to the Stowe Missal.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1585.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1585.jpg 1586,1212,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1119,"Written in North Italy, to judge by the script, and probably not far from Verona. The manuscript contained exactly the same one volume edition of Alanus's Homiliary as the famous Egino Codex, Berlin Phill. 1676 (CLA [8.1057](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517)), as is shown by the index of homilies (Heidelberg, front fly-leaf). Was apparently dismembered for binding purposes at Reichenau. The Karlsruhe bifolium comes from the binding of MS Aug. 84 (Vitae Sanctorum saec. X–XI); the Heidelberg leaves are still in the binding of a twelfth-century manuscript from the Cistercian monastery of Salem, situated a little north of Lake Constance.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67259",,"Image from Karlsruhe fol. 1v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27348,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of North-Italian type, with ascenders markedly club-shaped: **d** has two forms; vowels including v-shaped **u** are frequently suprascript at line-ends. The bow of uncial **A** is a small pendant angle. A thirteenth-century hand entered the contents of the main manuscript on Karlsruhe fol. 1v .","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1519.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1586,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1586,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of North-Italian type, with ascenders markedly club-shaped: d has two forms; vowels including v-shaped u are frequently suprascript at line-ends. The bow of uncial A is a small pendant angle. A thirteenth-century hand entered the contents of the main manuscript on Karlsruhe fol. 1v .
","Written in North Italy, to judge by the script, and probably not far from Verona. The manuscript contained exactly the same one volume edition of Alanus's Homiliary as the famous Egino Codex, Berlin Phill. 1676 (CLA 8.1057), as is shown by the index of homilies (Heidelberg, front fly-leaf). Was apparently dismembered for binding purposes at Reichenau. The Karlsruhe bifolium comes from the binding of MS Aug. 84 (Vitae Sanctorum saec. X–XI); the Heidelberg leaves are still in the binding of a twelfth-century manuscript from the Cistercian monastery of Salem, situated a little north of Lake Constance.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1519.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1586.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1586.jpg 1587,1213,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1120,"Origin uncertain. The fragment comes from the binding of Karlsruhe, MS Aug. 241.",0,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67260",,"Image from the recto ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27455,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: **ꝺ** and **R** are regularly uncial, **N** and **S** occur in both uncial and minuscule forms.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1587,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1587,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: ꝺ and R are regularly uncial, N and S occur in both uncial and minuscule forms.
","Origin uncertain. The fragment comes from the binding of Karlsruhe, MS Aug. 241.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1587.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1587.jpg 1588,1214,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1121,"Origin uncertain: Italy, Spain, and even Southern France are possibilities. The fragments were found in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 244.",0,,,"Augustinus, Speculum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67261",,"fol. 1 of Fragm. 100",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27500,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial with marked distinction between thick and thin strokes: **𐌾** has the uncial form; the right branch of **y** extends slightly over the following letter. Remains of a cursive note saec. VII or VIII are seen in the lower margin of fol. 1.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1588,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1588,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial with marked distinction between thick and thin strokes: 𐌾 has the uncial form; the right branch of y extends slightly over the following letter. Remains of a cursive note saec. VII or VIII are seen in the lower margin of fol. 1.
","Origin uncertain: Italy, Spain, and even Southern France are possibilities. The fragments were found in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 244.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1588.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1588.jpg 1589,1215,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,8,1122,"Written doubtless in France, to judge from script and ornamentation. The fragments come from Reichenau.",,,,"Gregorius Turonensis, Historia Francorum (1.17–19); Textus Philosophicus (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67262",,"Image shows the entire fol. 1v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27532,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** forms an oval; **B** is usually rather tall; the tongue of **E** is high; **LL** occasionally run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1589,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1589,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of A forms an oval; B is usually rather tall; the tongue of E is high; LL occasionally run together.
","Written doubtless in France, to judge from script and ornamentation. The fragments come from Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1589.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1589.jpg 1590,1216,"Insular Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1123,"Origin uncertain, possibly an Insular centre on the Continent. Came from the binding of the Karlsruhe MS Aug. 193.",0,,,"Figurae ad Chronologiam Spectantes, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67263",,"Image from the verso ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27592,"Script seems Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: majuscule **a** and **S** are frequent; **r** and **n** are easily confused; most uprights have a sharp wedge-shaped finial.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1590,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1590,"Script seems Irish rather than Anglo-Saxon minuscule with majuscule admixture: majuscule a and S are frequent; r and n are easily confused; most uprights have a sharp wedge-shaped finial.
","Origin uncertain, possibly an Insular centre on the Continent. Came from the binding of the Karlsruhe MS Aug. 193.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1590.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1590.jpg 1591,1217,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,"1124 (+ 10.**1124)","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent, and probably the very centre whence came most of the other Karlsruhe Anglo-Saxon grammatical fragments (see following numbers) and the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA [8.1207](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1685)); the last once belonged to Murbach the home of an Insular settlement ('uiuarium peregrinorum’). The Charisius folios and the Diomedes, Consentius, Boniface, and Martianus Capella fragments (CLA [8.1125](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1592), [1126](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593), [1127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), and [1129](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598)) may originally have formed a corpus of grammarians, since they have palaeographical features in common and are not far apart in size. The Karlsruhe fragments come from the binding of two Reichenau volumes, Aug. 141 and 164.",,,,"Charisius, Ars Grammatica (2, 3, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67264",,"Image from Karlsruhe fol. 1v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/titleinfo/24335,"Script is a small, rather decrepit Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: **a** is normally majuscule, **d** has both majuscule and minuscule forms, **n** and **r** are regularly minuscule and easily confused, **S** is mostly majuscule; **Ᵹ** has various forms; some ligatures: the **fi** ligature resembles minuscule **ꞅ** with the top transected by an s-like stroke. Script shows some kinship with that of the grammatical fragments in CLA [8.1126](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593), [8.1127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), and [8.1129](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598).",,4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1591,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591,"Script is a small, rather decrepit Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: a is normally majuscule, d has both majuscule and minuscule forms, n and r are regularly minuscule and easily confused, S is mostly majuscule; Ᵹ has various forms; some ligatures: the fi ligature resembles minuscule ꞅ with the top transected by an s-like stroke. Script shows some kinship with that of the grammatical fragments in CLA 8.1126, 8.1127, and 8.1129.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent, and probably the very centre whence came most of the other Karlsruhe Anglo-Saxon grammatical fragments (see following numbers) and the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA 8.1207); the last once belonged to Murbach the home of an Insular settlement ('uiuarium peregrinorum’). The Charisius folios and the Diomedes, Consentius, Boniface, and Martianus Capella fragments (CLA 8.1125, 1126, 1127, and 1129) may originally have formed a corpus of grammarians, since they have palaeographical features in common and are not far apart in size. The Karlsruhe fragments come from the binding of two Reichenau volumes, Aug. 141 and 164.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1591.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1591.jpg 1592,1218,"Anglo-Saxon Mixed Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1125,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the centre which produced the [Gotha Aldhelm](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1685) and other grammatical texts mentioned in the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591). The fragments come from the bindings of Karlsruhe MSS Aug. 176 and 241.",,,,"Diomedes, Ars Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67265",,"fol. 1 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27698,"Script, by two hands, is a large ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule mixed with some majuscule elements: **Ᵹ** occurs in the form resembling a flat-topped 3; the majuscule form of **S** is the rule.",,3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1592,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1592,"Script, by two hands, is a large ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule mixed with some majuscule elements: Ᵹ occurs in the form resembling a flat-topped 3; the majuscule form of S is the rule.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the centre which produced the Gotha Aldhelm and other grammatical texts mentioned in the preceding item. The fragments come from the bindings of Karlsruhe MSS Aug. 176 and 241.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1592.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1592.jpg 1593,1219,"Anglo-Saxon Mixed Majuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1126,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent, probably the same that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591). The fragments come from the bindings of Karlsruhe MSS Aug. 145 and 196.",,,,"Consentius, Ars Grammatica, De Nomine et Verbo (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67266",,"foll. 1v and 2v ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/27703,"Script, by two hands, is a rather gauche Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: **a** has both majuscule and minuscule forms, **n** and **r** are regularly minuscule, **S** is mostly majuscule; noteworthy is the curious form of **g** with the extended flat top. The script bears a general resemblance to that of the grammatical fragments in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591), [1127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), and [1129](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598).",,3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1593,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593,"Script, by two hands, is a rather gauche Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: a has both majuscule and minuscule forms, n and r are regularly minuscule, S is mostly majuscule; noteworthy is the curious form of g with the extended flat top. The script bears a general resemblance to that of the grammatical fragments in CLA 8.1124, 1127, and 1129.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent, probably the same that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA 8.1124. The fragments come from the bindings of Karlsruhe MSS Aug. 145 and 196.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1593.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1593.jpg 1595,1220,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1127,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the same one that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591). Later at Reichenau, where it was used for binding purposes. The St Paul fragments come from St Blasien in the Black Forest; they belonged to the collection formed by the Prince-Abbot Martin Gerbert.",,,,"Bonifatius, Epistula ad Sigebertum; Tatuinus, Ars Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67267",,"Fragm. Aug. 127, fol. 10 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40822,"Script, by several hands, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **n** and **r** regularly minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, and partly a rather curious Anglo-Saxon minuscule; one hand recalls the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA [8.1207](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1686)); **g** resembles a flat-topped 3.","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 29.4.9 (foll. 5–6).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1595,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595,"Script, by several hands, is partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule with n and r regularly minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, and partly a rather curious Anglo-Saxon minuscule; one hand recalls the Gotha Aldhelm (CLA 8.1207); g resembles a flat-topped 3.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the same one that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA 8.1124. Later at Reichenau, where it was used for binding purposes. The St Paul fragments come from St Blasien in the Black Forest; they belonged to the collection formed by the Prince-Abbot Martin Gerbert.
","☛Formerly Sankt Paul im Lavanttal, Stiftsbibliothek 29.4.9 (foll. 5–6).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1595.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1595.jpg 1597,1222,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Notae Tironianae","VIII² ",751,800,8,1128,"Written in a French scriptorium with Insular tradition. The fragments come from the binding of the Reichenau MS Karlsruhe Aug. 129.",,,,"Priscianus, Institutio de Nomine et Pronomine et Verbo (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67268",,"foll. 1v and 2 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40884,"Script is rapid pre-Caroline minuscule frequently interspersed with Notae Tironianae and slightly recalling the eN-type: the form of **a** (which is regularly open) and the down-strokes tapering off in a hair-line suggest Insular influence; suprascript **u** occurs in a cup-shaped form; numerous ligatures.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1597,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1597,"Script is rapid pre-Caroline minuscule frequently interspersed with Notae Tironianae and slightly recalling the eN-type: the form of a (which is regularly open) and the down-strokes tapering off in a hair-line suggest Insular influence; suprascript u occurs in a cup-shaped form; numerous ligatures.
","Written in a French scriptorium with Insular tradition. The fragments come from the binding of the Reichenau MS Karlsruhe Aug. 129.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1597.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1597.jpg 1598,1223,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1129,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the one that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591). The fragments come from Reichenau where they were used in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 199.",,,,"Martianus Capella, De Nuptiis Philologiae et Septem Artibus Liberalibus (3.313–319).",Parchment,,,"TM 67269",,"fol. 1 ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40905,"Script is an ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: **g** mostly resembles a flat-topped 3; the majuscule form of **S** predominates; both branches of **y** curve to the right; the script has a general kinship with that seen in other Karlsruhe grammatical fragments enumerated in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1598,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598,"Script is an ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: g mostly resembles a flat-topped 3; the majuscule form of S predominates; both branches of y curve to the right; the script has a general kinship with that seen in other Karlsruhe grammatical fragments enumerated in CLA 8.1124.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium presumably on the Continent, probably the one that produced the other grammatical texts mentioned in CLA 8.1124. The fragments come from Reichenau where they were used in the binding of Karlsruhe MS Aug. 199.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1598.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1598.jpg 1599,1224,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,8,1130,"Written doubtless at Corbie, whence also issued the other early copies of this glossary in a-b script (Paris Lat. 11529 + 11530, and Cambrai 693 (633) + Paris Ste Geneviève 55 (fly-leaves); CLA [5.611](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/985) and [6.743](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1150)), Corbie apparently being the home of this compilation. The fragments were used for binding purposes at Reichenau.",,,,"Liber Glossarum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66913",,"Image from the recto ",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40929,"Script is minuscule of the a-b type described in detail in CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914). Capital **H** with the arched middle stroke, often found in Corbie manuscripts, occurs at the beginning of a sentence.",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1599,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1599,"Script is minuscule of the a-b type described in detail in CLA 5.554. Capital H with the arched middle stroke, often found in Corbie manuscripts, occurs at the beginning of a sentence.
","Written doubtless at Corbie, whence also issued the other early copies of this glossary in a-b script (Paris Lat. 11529 + 11530, and Cambrai 693 (633) + Paris Ste Geneviève 55 (fly-leaves); CLA 5.611 and 6.743), Corbie apparently being the home of this compilation. The fragments were used for binding purposes at Reichenau.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1599.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1599.jpg 1600,1225,Uncial,VIII,701,800,8,1131,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript apparently once belonged to St Gall, as the fragments were used for repairing [Karlsruhe Aug. 128](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), a volume containing the Regula S Benedicti, which was actually written at St Gall. This latter manuscript reached Reichenau at latest in the fifteenth century, but certainly after it had been repaired.",0,,,"Passio Cuiusdam Sancti (?) (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67270",,"Image shows one side of the larger fragment",,http://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbhs/content/pageview/40954,"Script is uncial of a late type, with the letters widely spaced.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1600,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1600,"Script is uncial of a late type, with the letters widely spaced.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript apparently once belonged to St Gall, as the fragments were used for repairing Karlsruhe Aug. 128, a volume containing the Regula S Benedicti, which was actually written at St Gall. This latter manuscript reached Reichenau at latest in the fifteenth century, but certainly after it had been repaired.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1600.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1600.jpg 1601,1228,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1132,"Written in North or North-east France. Was early in a centre where Anglo-Saxon script was known. The manuscript got to Heidelberg after the loss of the Bibliotheca Palatina (1622) and was bequeathed by the Elector Karl (†1685) to his cousin, Landgraf Wilhelm VI of Hessia. Much damaged by fire in the Second World War; the carefully repaired leaves are now shrunk.",,,,"Commentarii Notarum Tironianarum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67271",,"fol. 9 ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1333025777753/1/,"Script is an early, well-formed Caroline minuscule, mainly by one scribe: **a** is mostly uncial, but open **a** and half-uncial **a** occur; **c** often rises above the small letters; **ni** ligature is used for **ni** and an angular ligature of **at** occurs at line-ends. Glosses and corrections chiefly by the first hand; other additions by ninth-century hands; some Notae Tironianae and words in ordinary script scratched in with stylus. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX entered Isidore's paragraph on 'notae vulgares' on fol. 1, now almost illegible.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1796.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1601,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1601,"Script is an early, well-formed Caroline minuscule, mainly by one scribe: a is mostly uncial, but open a and half-uncial a occur; c often rises above the small letters; ni ligature is used for ni and an angular ligature of at occurs at line-ends. Glosses and corrections chiefly by the first hand; other additions by ninth-century hands; some Notae Tironianae and words in ordinary script scratched in with stylus. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX entered Isidore's paragraph on 'notae vulgares' on fol. 1, now almost illegible.
","Written in North or North-east France. Was early in a centre where Anglo-Saxon script was known. The manuscript got to Heidelberg after the loss of the Bibliotheca Palatina (1622) and was bequeathed by the Elector Karl (†1685) to his cousin, Landgraf Wilhelm VI of Hessia. Much damaged by fire in the Second World War; the carefully repaired leaves are now shrunk.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1796.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1601.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1601.jpg 1602,1229,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1133,"Written most likely in Germany, in one of the Anglo-Saxon missionary centres. The fragments were preserved at Fritzlar, whence presumably one leaf migrated to Kassel.",,,,"Priscianus, Institutiones Grammaticae (10.12–21, 14.33–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67272",,"Image from the recto of the Kassel leaf",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1336394845365/1/,"Script is a rather vigorous, yet somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: **d** has two forms; down-strokes often have an unexpected short hair-line finial at the top, a sign of decline. Glosses in ninth-century Caroline minuscule show Anglo-Saxon influence.","☛Formerly Salzburg, Stiftsarchiv St Peter Schatzkammer without number. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1309.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1602,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1602,"Script is a rather vigorous, yet somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type: d has two forms; down-strokes often have an unexpected short hair-line finial at the top, a sign of decline. Glosses in ninth-century Caroline minuscule show Anglo-Saxon influence.
","Written most likely in Germany, in one of the Anglo-Saxon missionary centres. The fragments were preserved at Fritzlar, whence presumably one leaf migrated to Kassel.
","☛Formerly Salzburg, Stiftsarchiv St Peter Schatzkammer without number. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1309.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1602.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1602.jpg 1603,1230,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1134,"Written probably in a Northumbrian centre and doubtless copied in the Ambrose part from an ancient exemplar. Belonged later to the monastery of Fulda, and is apparently mentioned in the catalogue drawn up about the year 850. Came to Kassel with other Fulda manuscripts in or after 1632, perhaps from the Fulda Jesuit college.",,,,"Hieronymus, Altercatio (Luciferiani et Orthodoxi), Epistula ad Pammachium, Commentarii in Ecclesiastem; Ambrosius, Apologia David.",Parchment,,,"TM 67273",,"foll. 28 and 44",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1326354409669/1/,"Script is bold Anglo-Saxon by several hands: the main hand (foll. 2–23, 40–63) is a compressed and roundish majuscule (up to fol. 44), with final line or lines in pointed minuscule recalling the Leningrad Bede; foll. 44v ff. are entirely in this minuscule script (both these Anglo-Saxon types recall CLA [8.1189](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1664)); in the majuscule, **a** has three forms; **d**, **R**, **s** are used more often than **ꝺ**, **r**, **ꞅ**; **n** is the rule; a curious slim Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging increasingly on minuscule with some cursive features is seen on foll. 23v ff. Corrections by eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule hands. A Latin word is scratched in with stylus on fol. 27, a Runic alphabet following the Latin alphabetical order on fol. 63. The front cover is part of the original red leather binding with a delicately stamped cross-pattern.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1603,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1603,"Script is bold Anglo-Saxon by several hands: the main hand (foll. 2–23, 40–63) is a compressed and roundish majuscule (up to fol. 44), with final line or lines in pointed minuscule recalling the Leningrad Bede; foll. 44v ff. are entirely in this minuscule script (both these Anglo-Saxon types recall CLA 8.1189); in the majuscule, a has three forms; d, R, s are used more often than ꝺ, r, ꞅ; n is the rule; a curious slim Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging increasingly on minuscule with some cursive features is seen on foll. 23v ff. Corrections by eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule hands. A Latin word is scratched in with stylus on fol. 27, a Runic alphabet following the Latin alphabetical order on fol. 63. The front cover is part of the original red leather binding with a delicately stamped cross-pattern.
","Written probably in a Northumbrian centre and doubtless copied in the Ambrose part from an ancient exemplar. Belonged later to the monastery of Fulda, and is apparently mentioned in the catalogue drawn up about the year 850. Came to Kassel with other Fulda manuscripts in or after 1632, perhaps from the Fulda Jesuit college.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1603.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1603.jpg 1605,1231,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1135,"Written in Ireland, and copied from a defective exemplar. Later at Fulda: it is mentioned in the Fulda catalogue of about the year 850. The manuscript still has its original leather jacket with the title saec. IX; on the front cover it bears the characteristic Fulda shelfmark: 'IX. 02. 11’. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas Minores.",Parchment,,,"TM 67274",,"fol. 38 ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1328187128694/1/,"Script, by more than one hand, is a rather compressed and angular, in part cursive Irish minuscule: **e** with the lower bow reversed is used by one hand in ligature; **g** before **n** resembles an elongated s; **i** occurs subscript after **m** and **n**; numerous ligatures. Lacunae in the exemplar are noted on foll. 11, 15, and 20v (e.g. on fol. 11: 'hic desunt aliqua et forte membrana una deciderat de aliquo exemplario'). A few probationes pennae in crude Insular minuscule ca. saec. VIII ex. (foll. 15v, 16v, 17v).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1605,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1605,"Script, by more than one hand, is a rather compressed and angular, in part cursive Irish minuscule: e with the lower bow reversed is used by one hand in ligature; g before n resembles an elongated s; i occurs subscript after m and n; numerous ligatures. Lacunae in the exemplar are noted on foll. 11, 15, and 20v (e.g. on fol. 11: 'hic desunt aliqua et forte membrana una deciderat de aliquo exemplario'). A few probationes pennae in crude Insular minuscule ca. saec. VIII ex. (foll. 15v, 16v, 17v).
","Written in Ireland, and copied from a defective exemplar. Later at Fulda: it is mentioned in the Fulda catalogue of about the year 850. The manuscript still has its original leather jacket with the title saec. IX; on the front cover it bears the characteristic Fulda shelfmark: 'IX. 02. 11’. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1605.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1605.jpg 1606,1232,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1136,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly in Fulda itself, to judge by the script. Came from Fulda in or after 1632.",,,,"Primasius, In Apocalypsim.",Parchment,,,"TM 67275",,"foll. 54 and 55 ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1327998817683/1/,"Script, mainly by two hands, is a compressed and in one hand somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **a** has various forms including one with a flat top and resembling Visigothic **t** (also found in Kassel Theol. Fol. 25 and Anhang 18, and Paris Lat. 10399, CLA [8.1137](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1608), [1143](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1614), and CLA [5.596](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/963)); **d** occurs in both uncial and minuscule forms; **n** is regularly, **r** mostly minuscule; **S** is mostly majuscule and unusual in size; **g** in ligature is often s-shaped; **q** is sometimes 9-shaped (e.g. fol. 57); **y** has both branches curving to the right; **z** occurs in a prancing form (e.g. fol. 65); a third, somewhat broader, imitative Anglo-Saxon majuscule hand on fol. 55, using **d** and **ꝺ**, **n**, **R**, **S**, recalls the script of Würzburg M. p. th. f. 13 and 78 (CLA, [9.1404](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1908) and [1425](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1936)). The Explicit on fol. 72 ends: 'deo gratis ago omnipotenti dno; :-:-.' A few corrections in Insular minuscule saec. VIII; other corrections are saec. XII.",,4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1606,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1606,"Script, mainly by two hands, is a compressed and in one hand somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon majuscule: a has various forms including one with a flat top and resembling Visigothic t (also found in Kassel Theol. Fol. 25 and Anhang 18, and Paris Lat. 10399, CLA 8.1137, 1143, and CLA 5.596); d occurs in both uncial and minuscule forms; n is regularly, r mostly minuscule; S is mostly majuscule and unusual in size; g in ligature is often s-shaped; q is sometimes 9-shaped (e.g. fol. 57); y has both branches curving to the right; z occurs in a prancing form (e.g. fol. 65); a third, somewhat broader, imitative Anglo-Saxon majuscule hand on fol. 55, using d and ꝺ, n, R, S, recalls the script of Würzburg M. p. th. f. 13 and 78 (CLA, 9.1404 and 1425). The Explicit on fol. 72 ends: 'deo gratis ago omnipotenti dno; :-:-.' A few corrections in Insular minuscule saec. VIII; other corrections are saec. XII.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly in Fulda itself, to judge by the script. Came from Fulda in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1606.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1606.jpg 1608,1233,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1137,"Written most likely in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, perhaps at Fulda itself. Later dismembered and used for bookbindings. Came to Kassel about 1632.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps 118.31–107).",Parchment,,,"TM 67276",,"Image from Ps. CXVIII. 38-40, 48-49 ",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling Northumbrian models: the upper parts of the two bows of **a** form one straight horizontal line (a similar form is seen in Kassel Theol. Fol. 24, CLA [8.1136](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1606)); **n** and **r** are easily confused.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1608,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1608,"Script is a somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling Northumbrian models: the upper parts of the two bows of a form one straight horizontal line (a similar form is seen in Kassel Theol. Fol. 24, CLA 8.1136); n and r are easily confused.
","Written most likely in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, perhaps at Fulda itself. Later dismembered and used for bookbindings. Came to Kassel about 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1608.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1608.jpg 1609,1234,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1138,"Written apparently in a South English centre, perhaps in the same scriptorium as the Corpus Glossary (CLA [2.122](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/435)). Was at Fulda by the ninth century. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67277",,"fol. 24 ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1328007059258/1/LOG_0000/,"Script is a rather clumsy Anglo-Saxon majuscule: uncial **A** occurs with its bow pointed and extending below the line; **d** is regularly minuscule, **n** mostly; **R** with the shaft going far below the line is regularly majuscule, **S** mostly; both branches of **y** curve to the right. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX and in Caroline minuscule of the Fulda type saec. IX. Some Old High German glosses scratched in with stylus.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1808a.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1609,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1609,"Script is a rather clumsy Anglo-Saxon majuscule: uncial A occurs with its bow pointed and extending below the line; d is regularly minuscule, n mostly; R with the shaft going far below the line is regularly majuscule, S mostly; both branches of y curve to the right. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX and in Caroline minuscule of the Fulda type saec. IX. Some Old High German glosses scratched in with stylus.
","Written apparently in a South English centre, perhaps in the same scriptorium as the Corpus Glossary (CLA 2.122). Was at Fulda by the ninth century. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1808a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1609.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1609.jpg 1610,1235,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1139,"Written in Italy and most likely in the North, to judge by the script and marginalia. Came to Fulda presumably by way of England. Migrated to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Ps- Hegesippus, De Bello Iudaico; Flavius Iosephus, Bellum Iudaicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67278",,"foll. 109, 53, and 81v ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1300794951988/1/LOG_0000/,"Script is a skilful, nimble half-uncial of the best period, strongly recalling the Sessorian manuscript of Augustine (CLA [4.420a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/765)): **i**-longa is not infrequent and occurs after **r**, a sign of antiquity; **N** is regularly majuscule; suprascript **u** is v-shaped. Corrections in sixth-century sloping cursive by several hands (foll. 35, 47, 66v, etc.). A hand using small pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII restored the opening lines of many pages damaged by damp. Early Notae Tironianae on foll. 4, 21v, 50v, 64. Anglo-Saxon runes are scratched in on the front and back of the old wrapper.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1610,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1610,"Script is a skilful, nimble half-uncial of the best period, strongly recalling the Sessorian manuscript of Augustine (CLA 4.420a): i-longa is not infrequent and occurs after r, a sign of antiquity; N is regularly majuscule; suprascript u is v-shaped. Corrections in sixth-century sloping cursive by several hands (foll. 35, 47, 66v, etc.). A hand using small pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII restored the opening lines of many pages damaged by damp. Early Notae Tironianae on foll. 4, 21v, 50v, 64. Anglo-Saxon runes are scratched in on the front and back of the old wrapper.
","Written in Italy and most likely in the North, to judge by the script and marginalia. Came to Fulda presumably by way of England. Migrated to Kassel in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1610.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1610.jpg 1611,1236,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1140,"Written apparently in Northumbria, to judge from certain palaeographical features. Belonged to Fulda probably by the ninth century; 'historia anglorum b' in minuscule saec. IX is seen on the pigskin envelope. The fifteenth-century Fulda press-mark 'XXXIIII. 02. 7' is seen on the front cover. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum (4–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67279",,"fol. 29v ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1333026103678/1/,"Script, by more than one hand, is a skilful and rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the eye of **e** is often detached; initial **i**-longa occurs frequently with a break at the foot; subscript **i** occurs; the **ei** ligature is often used; descenders are long; the bow of **q** at the beginning of sentences resembles a prancing **z**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1611,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1611,"Script, by more than one hand, is a skilful and rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the eye of e is often detached; initial i-longa occurs frequently with a break at the foot; subscript i occurs; the ei ligature is often used; descenders are long; the bow of q at the beginning of sentences resembles a prancing z.
","Written apparently in Northumbria, to judge from certain palaeographical features. Belonged to Fulda probably by the ninth century; 'historia anglorum b' in minuscule saec. IX is seen on the pigskin envelope. The fifteenth-century Fulda press-mark 'XXXIIII. 02. 7' is seen on the front cover. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1611.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1611.jpg 1612,1237,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1141,"Written in France, presumably in the North-east, probably in the scriptorium which produced MSS Berlin Phill. 1743 (CLA [8.1060](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1520)), The Hague, Museum Meerm.-Westr. 10 B 4, and the somewhat more recent Paris Lat. 2034 (CLA [5.540](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/899)). Later belonged to Fulda where it bore the shelf-mark 'IIII or. 4'. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Isidorus, Liber Prooemiorum (42–44); Augustinus, Homiliae; Defensor, Liber Scintillarum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67280",,"foll. 36v and 136v ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1326713597631/1/,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: ascenders are long and thin; two forms of **a** occur; the shafts of **b** and **l** have a break at the foot; **b** occasionally has a tag to the right, as in a-b script; the shaft of **d** by one hand (on foll. 90 f., 93v f., 96v f.) leans greatly to the left; the shaft of **h** also often curves to the left; one hand uses the distinctly Merovingian form of **p**; noteworthy is a form of **ꞇ** (in one hand) looped to the left and horned to the right; **x** sometimes resembles cx; **y** is v-shaped and dotted; **z** sweeps below the line and often has a characteristic spur added to the right; numerous ligatures, including the Italian-looking **ce** and **ti** ligature (for hard and soft ti). A probatio pennae in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, under Insular influence, on the back fly-leaf. The manuscript has a Carolingian binding.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1612,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1612,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: ascenders are long and thin; two forms of a occur; the shafts of b and l have a break at the foot; b occasionally has a tag to the right, as in a-b script; the shaft of d by one hand (on foll. 90 f., 93v f., 96v f.) leans greatly to the left; the shaft of h also often curves to the left; one hand uses the distinctly Merovingian form of p; noteworthy is a form of ꞇ (in one hand) looped to the left and horned to the right; x sometimes resembles cx; y is v-shaped and dotted; z sweeps below the line and often has a characteristic spur added to the right; numerous ligatures, including the Italian-looking ce and ti ligature (for hard and soft ti). A probatio pennae in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, under Insular influence, on the back fly-leaf. The manuscript has a Carolingian binding.
","Written in France, presumably in the North-east, probably in the scriptorium which produced MSS Berlin Phill. 1743 (CLA 8.1060), The Hague, Museum Meerm.-Westr. 10 B 4, and the somewhat more recent Paris Lat. 2034 (CLA 5.540). Later belonged to Fulda where it bore the shelf-mark 'IIII or. 4'. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1612.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1612.jpg 1613,1238,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1142,"Written in some poor scriptorium presumably in the North of France. The abbreviation **nsrm** suggests a Spanish ancestor. The manuscript was in Anglo-Saxon hands already in the eighth century, as corrections show. Belonged to Fulda probably at latest by the tenth century, to judge by a probatio pennae on fol. 82. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Vulgata, Apc); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae in Apocalypsim.",Parchment,,,"TM 67281",,"foll. 2v-3, and 7v",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1325769264223/1/LOG_0000/,"Script is a crude, uncalligraphic French pre-Caroline minuscule with several cursive features and a distinct bias to the left: the shafts of **b** and **l**, also here and there that of **h**, lean to the left and are wavy; **b** often has a tag as in a-b script; **c** is tall; the lower curves of **c** and **e** (in the **et**-ligature) begin with a distinct horn; suprascript s-shaped **u** occurs; numerous ligatures; **ti** ligature mostly for hard ti. Corrections in late eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule, in part already diluted (e.g. fol. 26), with omission indicated by **ð** in the text and **h** before the marginal insertion (foll. 7v and 9). The name 'bliidthruut' in Anglo-Saxon majuscule saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2, originally left blank. Some Old High German glosses are scratched in.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1613,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1613,"Script is a crude, uncalligraphic French pre-Caroline minuscule with several cursive features and a distinct bias to the left: the shafts of b and l, also here and there that of h, lean to the left and are wavy; b often has a tag as in a-b script; c is tall; the lower curves of c and e (in the et-ligature) begin with a distinct horn; suprascript s-shaped u occurs; numerous ligatures; ti ligature mostly for hard ti. Corrections in late eighth-century Anglo-Saxon minuscule, in part already diluted (e.g. fol. 26), with omission indicated by ð in the text and h before the marginal insertion (foll. 7v and 9). The name 'bliidthruut' in Anglo-Saxon majuscule saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2, originally left blank. Some Old High German glosses are scratched in.
","Written in some poor scriptorium presumably in the North of France. The abbreviation nsrm suggests a Spanish ancestor. The manuscript was in Anglo-Saxon hands already in the eighth century, as corrections show. Belonged to Fulda probably at latest by the tenth century, to judge by a probatio pennae on fol. 82. Came to Kassel in or after 1632.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1613.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1613.jpg 1614,1239,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1143,"Written most likely in England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Served as an envelope for a book of exercises, according to a note saec. XVIII.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (7.30–8.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 67282",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a rather stiff, compressed, slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements, namely uncial **A** and open **a** with the upper parts of the two bows running together in a straight line; **g** resembles a flat-topped elongated **3**; **R** and **r**, **ꞅ** more often than **S**; **y** has both branches curving to the right.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1614,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1614,"Script is a rather stiff, compressed, slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements, namely uncial A and open a with the upper parts of the two bows running together in a straight line; g resembles a flat-topped elongated 3; R and r, ꞅ more often than S; y has both branches curving to the right.
","Written most likely in England, possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Served as an envelope for a book of exercises, according to a note saec. XVIII.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1614.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1614.jpg 1615,1240,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII–IX (798)",701,900,8,1144,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly at Hersfeld. The fragment now at Hersfeld was used in 1582 for binding the records of the leper hospital; the Kassel bifolium was found between records originally in the Hersfeld 'Reichskammergericht’. To judge by script, punctuation, and measurements it is possible that the fragment of Lib. 31 now in the binding of Durham C. IV. 8 (CLA [2.155](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/470)) is a remnant of the sixth volume of the same series of Gregory's work. The seventh volume usually comprised Libb. 32–35.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.47–49, 31.9–11, 33.47–49, 35.21–26).",Parchment,,,"TM 66259",,"fol. 1v of the Kassel bifolium ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1343807662971/1/,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule by more than one scribe: the long descenders are characteristic; **g** has two forms, one with a sharp protruding chest, the other resembling a slim, flat-topped 3; **i**-longa occurs even medially; subscript **i** after **n**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 965. ☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 19.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1615,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1615,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule by more than one scribe: the long descenders are characteristic; g has two forms, one with a sharp protruding chest, the other resembling a slim, flat-topped 3; i-longa occurs even medially; subscript i after n.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly at Hersfeld. The fragment now at Hersfeld was used in 1582 for binding the records of the leper hospital; the Kassel bifolium was found between records originally in the Hersfeld 'Reichskammergericht’. To judge by script, punctuation, and measurements it is possible that the fragment of Lib. 31 now in the binding of Durham C. IV. 8 (CLA 2.155) is a remnant of the sixth volume of the same series of Gregory's work. The seventh volume usually comprised Libb. 32–35.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 965. ☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 19.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1615.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1615.jpg 1616,1241,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1145,"Written most probably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Used as a jacket for a book printed at Marburg in 1642.",,,,"Hieronymus, Prologus in Danielem (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67283",,"Image from the verso ",,http://orka.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/viewer/image/1343807743064/1/,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule leaning to the right; descenders are short.","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 19 (1 a). ☛Formerly Marburg, Hessisches Staatsarchiv Best. 315 I No. 321–325.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1616,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1616,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule leaning to the right; descenders are short.
","Written most probably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Used as a jacket for a book printed at Marburg in 1642.
","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 19 (1 a). ☛Formerly Marburg, Hessisches Staatsarchiv Best. 315 I No. 321–325.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1616.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1616.jpg 1617,1242,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1146,"Written in Salzburg or in the Salzburg area, to judge from the script, in the time of Arno, archbishop of Salzburg and abbot of St Amand. Brought to Cologne presumably under Archbishop Hildebald of Cologne (†819), who was also abbot of the monastery of Mondsee near Salzburg. Was taken with the rest of the Dombibliothek manuscripts to Arnsberg in 1794 and later removed to Darmstadt where it had the no. 2031; restored to Cologne Cathedral in 1867.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Hieronymus, Epistulae; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67284",,"fol. 94 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0035_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of various types: the first hand seems to be identical with one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128, a Salzburg product (CLA [9.1313](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)); others show the influence of St Amand style; roundish hands of South-east German type are seen on foll. 109 ff. and 183 ff.; **a** has two forms; ascenders are often wedge-shaped; half-uncial **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of sentences (fol. 248v); **i** occurs subscript after **h**, **m**, and **n**; numerous ligatures include **at**, **nt** (often in mid-word), **sp**, **ti** ligature (for hard ti) and the Insular form of **ti**. Some contemporary corrections. Interlinear Latin glosses in Notae Tironianae inserted with a dry point on many leaves. The marginal entry 'hb' (foll. 59v, 61) is identical with that seen in some Cologne Hildebald manuscripts.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1881. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 234-235.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1617,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of various types: the first hand seems to be identical with one of the hands of Munich CLM 16128, a Salzburg product (CLA 9.1313); others show the influence of St Amand style; roundish hands of South-east German type are seen on foll. 109 ff. and 183 ff.; a has two forms; ascenders are often wedge-shaped; half-uncial Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of sentences (fol. 248v); i occurs subscript after h, m, and n; numerous ligatures include at, nt (often in mid-word), sp, ti ligature (for hard ti) and the Insular form of ti. Some contemporary corrections. Interlinear Latin glosses in Notae Tironianae inserted with a dry point on many leaves. The marginal entry 'hb' (foll. 59v, 61) is identical with that seen in some Cologne Hildebald manuscripts.
","Written in Salzburg or in the Salzburg area, to judge from the script, in the time of Arno, archbishop of Salzburg and abbot of St Amand. Brought to Cologne presumably under Archbishop Hildebald of Cologne (†819), who was also abbot of the monastery of Mondsee near Salzburg. Was taken with the rest of the Dombibliothek manuscripts to Arnsberg in 1794 and later removed to Darmstadt where it had the no. 2031; restored to Cologne Cathedral in 1867.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1881. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 234-235.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1617.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1617.jpg 1618,1243,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII–IX ",701,900,8,1147,"Written at Cologne under Hildebald, who became archbishop in 799: the inscription 'CODEX S[AN]C[T]I PETRI SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO ARCHIEP[ISCOP]O SCRIPTUS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2037.",,,,"Johannes Chrysostomus, Commentarius in Paulum Ad Hebraeos; Mutianus, Opus incertum?",Parchment,,,"TM 67285",,"fol. 65v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0041_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, by about nine scribes, some of whom also worked on MS 51 (CLA [8.1150](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1621)), another Hildebald volume; striking is the variety of forms used: **a** has three forms, **d** has two; majuscule **N** and **R** occur amid the minuscule; **y**, sometimes dotted, has two forms, one with both branches curving to the right; ligatures are numerous; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti. Some corrections in contemporary minuscule by several hands. Also some entries saec. X or XI.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1884.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1618,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1618,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, by about nine scribes, some of whom also worked on MS 51 (CLA 8.1150), another Hildebald volume; striking is the variety of forms used: a has three forms, d has two; majuscule N and R occur amid the minuscule; y, sometimes dotted, has two forms, one with both branches curving to the right; ligatures are numerous; ti ligature is used for hard ti. Some corrections in contemporary minuscule by several hands. Also some entries saec. X or XI.
","Written at Cologne under Hildebald, who became archbishop in 799: the inscription 'CODEX S[AN]C[T]I PETRI SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO ARCHIEP[ISCOP]O SCRIPTUS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2037.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1884.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1618.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1618.jpg 1619,1244,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1148,"Origin uncertain, presumably Central Italy, to judge from the resemblance to Perugia MS 2. Was early used in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, perhaps at Cologne, where it was certainly annotated in the first half of the ninth century. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2038.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Iob, Tb, Idt, 1–2 Esr, Est). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67286",,"fol. 46 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0043_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is a roundish minuscule resembling that of Perugia MS Bibl. Capit. 2 (CLA [4.408](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/752)): **d** is regularly uncial; the cedilla of **e** sometimes resembles a pendant 6; **i**-longa is often used both initially and medially for the yod-sound (Iustus, huIus); uncial **N** is not infrequent; the shoulder of **r** often extends over following **i**; ascenders are long and club-shaped; ligatures include **fi**, **nt**, and the Insular **mi** ligature and **ni** ligature. Corrections and glosses by several hands saec. VIII–IX or IX, some Anglo-Saxon, others betraying Insular influence. A ninth-century glossator with imperfect command of Notae Tironianae made use of a Leiden-type glossary (on foll. 5, 49, 54, etc.) his hand is also seen in MS 83 (see CLA [8.1154](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1625)).",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1619,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1619,"Script is a roundish minuscule resembling that of Perugia MS Bibl. Capit. 2 (CLA 4.408): d is regularly uncial; the cedilla of e sometimes resembles a pendant 6; i-longa is often used both initially and medially for the yod-sound (Iustus, huIus); uncial N is not infrequent; the shoulder of r often extends over following i; ascenders are long and club-shaped; ligatures include fi, nt, and the Insular mi ligature and ni ligature. Corrections and glosses by several hands saec. VIII–IX or IX, some Anglo-Saxon, others betraying Insular influence. A ninth-century glossator with imperfect command of Notae Tironianae made use of a Leiden-type glossary (on foll. 5, 49, 54, etc.) his hand is also seen in MS 83 (see CLA 8.1154).
","Origin uncertain, presumably Central Italy, to judge from the resemblance to Perugia MS 2. Was early used in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, perhaps at Cologne, where it was certainly annotated in the first half of the ninth century. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2038.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1619.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1619.jpg 1620,1245,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1149,"Written presumably in the Rhineland or East France, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2039.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 1–2 Par).",Parchment,,,"TM 67287",,"foll. 53v and 81v",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0044_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** has two forms; the shaft of **h** frequently bends to the left; **i**-longa occurs both initially and medially for the yod-sound; both **N** and **n** are used. Half uncial **g** occurs at the beginning of sentences.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1885.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1620,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1620,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands: a has two forms; the shaft of h frequently bends to the left; i-longa occurs both initially and medially for the yod-sound; both N and n are used. Half uncial g occurs at the beginning of sentences.
","Written presumably in the Rhineland or East France, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2039.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1885.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1620.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1620.jpg 1621,1246,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1150,"Written at Cologne, under its Bishop Hildebald (785–819); the inscription 'LIBER SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO SCRIPTUS' mentioned by Hartzheim in 1752 is now lost. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2046.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ezechielem (7–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67288",,"fol. 1 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0051_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands, some seen also in MS 41 (CLA [8.1147](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1618)): **a** is more frequent than open **a**; Insular **Ᵹ** occurs here and there; **N** occasionally within the minuscule. The erased name 'hildoard' (?) stands in the lower margin of fol. 84v (end of a quire), possibly the name of one of the scribes. A note saec. IX in. concerning the right order of quires is seen on fol. 92v : 'hic deest una quatterna et est disiuncta require in antea supra tertiam et sic inuenies.' A metrical prayer in uncial saec. IX is entered on fol. 208v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1621,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1621,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands, some seen also in MS 41 (CLA 8.1147): a is more frequent than open a; Insular Ᵹ occurs here and there; N occasionally within the minuscule. The erased name 'hildoard' (?) stands in the lower margin of fol. 84v (end of a quire), possibly the name of one of the scribes. A note saec. IX in. concerning the right order of quires is seen on fol. 92v : 'hic deest una quatterna et est disiuncta require in antea supra tertiam et sic inuenies.' A metrical prayer in uncial saec. IX is entered on fol. 208v.
","Written at Cologne, under its Bishop Hildebald (785–819); the inscription 'LIBER SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO SCRIPTUS' mentioned by Hartzheim in 1752 is now lost. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2046.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1621.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1621.jpg 1622,1247,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1151,"Written presumably at Cologne, under Hildebald who became its archbishop in 799 and died in 819: the inscription 'CODEX SCI PETRI SUB PIO PATRE HILDIBALDO ARCHI·EPO SCRIPTUS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2049.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas Minores (Abd, Ion, Na); Origenes, Homiliae (38, 39); Arius, Epistula ad Eusebium.",Parchment,,,"TM 67289",,"foll. 93 and 163v",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0054_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script, by two scribes, is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left; suprascript **u** occurs s-shaped; noteworthy is the not infrequent use of barred **z**; the Insular ligatures **mi** and **ni** occur. Contemporary corrections by more than one hand.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1890.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1622,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1622,"Script, by two scribes, is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; the shaft of h often leans to the left; suprascript u occurs s-shaped; noteworthy is the not infrequent use of barred z; the Insular ligatures mi and ni occur. Contemporary corrections by more than one hand.
","Written presumably at Cologne, under Hildebald who became its archbishop in 799 and died in 819: the inscription 'CODEX SCI PETRI SUB PIO PATRE HILDIBALDO ARCHI·EPO SCRIPTUS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2049.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1890.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1622.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1622.jpg 1623,1248,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1152,"Written in North France in a convent of nuns, most likely the royal convent of Chelles near Paris, for the prelate Hildebald of Cologne: the inscription 'CODEX SCI PETRI SVB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO SCRIPTVS' stands on fol. 1 of MSS 63 and 67. The same centre probably produced the following manuscripts: Ghent, Univ.-Bibl. 251 (teste W. Kohler), Munich CLM 29050 (CLA [9.1331](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1832)), Oxford Douce 176 (CLA [2.238](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/557)), Paris Lat. 1564 and 18282 (CLA [5.529](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/886) and [5.674](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1059)), Quedlinburg Gymnasialbibl. 74 (CLA [9.1352](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1853)), and St Gall Stiftsbibl. 435, a slightly later manuscript of Smaragdus. For modern history see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); Darmstadt numbers were 2056, 2058, and 2060.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (1–99, 101–150).",Parchment,,,"TM 67290",,"Image from MS. 65, fol. 224v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0065_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a characteristic type: **a** is more frequent than open **a**; **y** is dotted; the **ri** ligature often resembles an n, prolonged below the line. The uncial characters used for headings and for the Psalm verses are in the distinctive type seen in the famous Gelasian Sacramentary (Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316, CLA [1.105](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/118)) and in the group listed in CLA, 6, p. xxii: the two bows of **M** hang branch-like from the stem; the second upright of **N** leans to the left or both uprights incline towards each other. Capital **Q** at the beginning of sentences resembles a large 2 with an ample curl. Each scribe signs her name with the word 'scripsit' in the lower margin of the last page of her last quire; the following signatures survive (MS 65 being incomplete at the end): in MS 63 Girbalda (fol. 86v), Gislildis (fol. 174v), Agleberta (fol. 263v); in MS 65 Adruhic (fol. 73v), Altildis (fol. 151v), Gisledrudis (fol. 224v), Eusebia (fol. 289v); in MS 67 Vera (fol. 105v), Agnes (fol. 183v). A substantial part of a sister series (In Psalmos 101 ff.) written and signed by the same group of nuns is seen (teste W. Köhler) in Berlin Phillipps 1657 (for more details see under Cologne, Hist. Archiv GB. Kasten B, Nr. 155, possibly also a leaf in CLA [8.1170](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1644)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1897. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 235-236.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1623,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a characteristic type: a is more frequent than open a; y is dotted; the ri ligature often resembles an n, prolonged below the line. The uncial characters used for headings and for the Psalm verses are in the distinctive type seen in the famous Gelasian Sacramentary (Vatic. Regin. Lat. 316, CLA 1.105) and in the group listed in CLA, 6, p. xxii: the two bows of M hang branch-like from the stem; the second upright of N leans to the left or both uprights incline towards each other. Capital Q at the beginning of sentences resembles a large 2 with an ample curl. Each scribe signs her name with the word 'scripsit' in the lower margin of the last page of her last quire; the following signatures survive (MS 65 being incomplete at the end): in MS 63 Girbalda (fol. 86v), Gislildis (fol. 174v), Agleberta (fol. 263v); in MS 65 Adruhic (fol. 73v), Altildis (fol. 151v), Gisledrudis (fol. 224v), Eusebia (fol. 289v); in MS 67 Vera (fol. 105v), Agnes (fol. 183v). A substantial part of a sister series (In Psalmos 101 ff.) written and signed by the same group of nuns is seen (teste W. Köhler) in Berlin Phillipps 1657 (for more details see under Cologne, Hist. Archiv GB. Kasten B, Nr. 155, possibly also a leaf in CLA 8.1170).
","Written in North France in a convent of nuns, most likely the royal convent of Chelles near Paris, for the prelate Hildebald of Cologne: the inscription 'CODEX SCI PETRI SVB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO SCRIPTVS' stands on fol. 1 of MSS 63 and 67. The same centre probably produced the following manuscripts: Ghent, Univ.-Bibl. 251 (teste W. Kohler), Munich CLM 29050 (CLA 9.1331), Oxford Douce 176 (CLA 2.238), Paris Lat. 1564 and 18282 (CLA 5.529 and 5.674), Quedlinburg Gymnasialbibl. 74 (CLA 9.1352), and St Gall Stiftsbibl. 435, a slightly later manuscript of Smaragdus. For modern history see CLA 8.1146; Darmstadt numbers were 2056, 2058, and 2060.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1897. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 235-236.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1623.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1623.jpg 1624,1249,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1153,"Written apparently in a Burgundian centre, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2188.",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones et Opuscula.",Parchment,,,"TM 67291",,"fol. 16 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0076_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script, by several scribes, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a type familiar in Burgundy (cf., for example, Autun MSS 4 and 20A, CLA [6.717b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1119) and [6.720](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1123)): open **a** is more frequent than closed **a**; **d** has two forms; **e** is mostly a little taller than the other small letters and has a knob-like fore-stroke; **h** with the shaft leaning to the left is frequent; the top of **t** loops down to the left. Corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule by several contemporary hands. German names 'godun', 'ello', 'thedun', 'athager' were entered saec. VIII–IX on fol. 222. Notae Tironianae 'usque hic' and 'hic' occur passim.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1901a. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 2238.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1624,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1624,"Script, by several scribes, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a type familiar in Burgundy (cf., for example, Autun MSS 4 and 20A, CLA 6.717b and 6.720): open a is more frequent than closed a; d has two forms; e is mostly a little taller than the other small letters and has a knob-like fore-stroke; h with the shaft leaning to the left is frequent; the top of t loops down to the left. Corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule by several contemporary hands. German names 'godun', 'ello', 'thedun', 'athager' were entered saec. VIII–IX on fol. 222. Notae Tironianae 'usque hic' and 'hic' occur passim.
","Written apparently in a Burgundian centre, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2188.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1901a. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 2238.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1624.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1624.jpg 1625,1250,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",798,798,8,1154,"Written at Cologne, for Archbishop Hildebald (799–819); the inscription 'CODEX SANCTI PETRI SCRIPTUS SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO ARCHIEPISCOPO' stands on fol. 1. The precise date of our part is fixed by a historical note on fol. 14v; the volume was completed in 805. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2084.",,,,"Beda, Computus, De Temporum Ratione; Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Etymologiae; Aratus Latinus, Phaenomena.",Parchment,,,"TM 67292",,"fol. 5 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0083ii_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; flat-topped **g** occurs frequently; ligatures include **nt** (even in mid-word), **sp**, **te**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1907.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1625,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1625,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; flat-topped g occurs frequently; ligatures include nt (even in mid-word), sp, te.
","Written at Cologne, for Archbishop Hildebald (799–819); the inscription 'CODEX SANCTI PETRI SCRIPTUS SUB PIO PATRE HILDEBALDO ARCHIEPISCOPO' stands on fol. 1. The precise date of our part is fixed by a historical note on fol. 14v; the volume was completed in 805. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2084.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1907.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1625.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1625.jpg 1626,1251,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",775,800,8,1155,"Origin uncertain, probably Burgundy, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2179.",2,,,"Collectio Canonum Andegavensis; Poenitentiale Cummeani (Canones and Decretales, including Vetus Gallica).",Parchment,,,"TM 67293",,"fol. 4 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0091_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script, by more than one hand, is pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms, with open **a** predominating; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left a feature of Burgundian manuscripts; the top of **t** loops down to the left; numerous ligatures, including **an** (with a suprascript and lying on its side) and **nt** (occasionally even in mid-word); noteworthy in the uncial headings are the form of **N** and the ligatures of **MA** and **RA**. For a fragment in Corbie a-b script saec. VIII–IX in the binding, see CLA [8.1156](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1627).","☛CLA date changed from saec. VIII–IX to follow Plotzek (ed.), Glaube und Wissen im Mittelälter. Die Kölner Dombibliothek p. 119–121 no. 20. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1909.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1626,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1626,"Script, by more than one hand, is pre-Caroline minuscule: a has two forms, with open a predominating; the shaft of h often leans to the left a feature of Burgundian manuscripts; the top of t loops down to the left; numerous ligatures, including an (with a suprascript and lying on its side) and nt (occasionally even in mid-word); noteworthy in the uncial headings are the form of N and the ligatures of MA and RA. For a fragment in Corbie a-b script saec. VIII–IX in the binding, see CLA 8.1156.
","Origin uncertain, probably Burgundy, to judge from the script. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2179.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. VIII–IX to follow Plotzek (ed.), Glaube und Wissen im Mittelälter. Die Kölner Dombibliothek p. 119–121 no. 20. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1909.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1626.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1626.jpg 1627,1252,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1156,"Written in the Corbie area. Later dismembered for binding books.",,,,"Ambrosius, De Officiis Ministrorum (3.20).",Parchment,,,"TM 67294",,"Image from the part visible on the cover ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0091_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is minuscule of the pure a-b type, described in detail in CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914) (for a complete list of manuscripts in this script, see CLA, 6, pp. xxv f.).",,,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1627,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1627,"Script is minuscule of the pure a-b type, described in detail in CLA 5.554 (for a complete list of manuscripts in this script, see CLA, 6, pp. xxv f.).
","Written in the Corbie area. Later dismembered for binding books.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1627.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1627.jpg 1628,1253,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,8,1157,"Written doubtless at Tours, to judge from its palaeographical features (cf. CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)). For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2098.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones de Veteri et Novo Testamento.",Parchment,,,"TM 67295",,"fol. 158v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0098_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is a facile, pleasant pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, recalling the script of Épinal 149 (68), Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1575, and Wolfenbüttel Weissenb. 86 (CLA, [6.762](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1170), [5.682](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071), and [9.1394](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1898)): **a** has two forms, with open **a** predominating; **g** has the uncial form here and there; **N** frequently; suprascript cup-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; ligatures include **mi** and **ni**, and **ti** ligature (here and there for both hard and soft ti). Corrections by an Insular hand ca. saec. VIII ex. on foll. 53v, 54, 55v; others in contemporary minuscule. Notae Tironianae for 'sententia' (in the margin) and 'amen'. The names 'uuirinhere' and 'fredegart' are entered in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VII–IX.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1912a.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1628,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1628,"Script is a facile, pleasant pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands, recalling the script of Épinal 149 (68), Paris Nouv. Acq. Lat. 1575, and Wolfenbüttel Weissenb. 86 (CLA, 6.762, 5.682, and 9.1394): a has two forms, with open a predominating; g has the uncial form here and there; N frequently; suprascript cup-shaped u occurs at line-ends; ligatures include mi and ni, and ti ligature (here and there for both hard and soft ti). Corrections by an Insular hand ca. saec. VIII ex. on foll. 53v, 54, 55v; others in contemporary minuscule. Notae Tironianae for 'sententia' (in the margin) and 'amen'. The names 'uuirinhere' and 'fredegart' are entered in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VII–IX.
","Written doubtless at Tours, to judge from its palaeographical features (cf. CLA 5.682). For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2098.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1912a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1628.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1628.jpg 1629,1254,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII–IX ",701,900,8,1158,"Written for Hildebald, bishop of Cologne (785–819): the inscription 'CODEX SUl PETRI SVB PIO PATRE HlLDEBALDO SCRIPTVS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2103.",,,,"Cursus Lunae per 12 Signa; Beda, De Temporum Ratione.",Parchment,,,"TM 67296",,"fol. 190v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0103_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by more than one scribe: **a** has two forms, with open **a** more frequent; **h** with its shaft leaning to the left suggests Burgundian influence; the uncial form of **N** occurs; ligatures include **mi** (especially in the tabulation), **nt** (even in mid word). Here and there capital **O** and **Q** have a central point, also seen in the Hildebald inscriptions; this may be a Cologne shibboleth. A small correction possibly by an Insular hand on fol. 143. Numerous additions and marginal notes saec. X and XI.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1916.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1629,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1629,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by more than one scribe: a has two forms, with open a more frequent; h with its shaft leaning to the left suggests Burgundian influence; the uncial form of N occurs; ligatures include mi (especially in the tabulation), nt (even in mid word). Here and there capital O and Q have a central point, also seen in the Hildebald inscriptions; this may be a Cologne shibboleth. A small correction possibly by an Insular hand on fol. 143. Numerous additions and marginal notes saec. X and XI.
","Written for Hildebald, bishop of Cologne (785–819): the inscription 'CODEX SUl PETRI SVB PIO PATRE HlLDEBALDO SCRIPTVS' stands on fol. 1. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2103.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1916.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1629.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1629.jpg 1630,1255,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1159,"Origin uncertain, manifestly a centre under Insular influence. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2149.",0,,,"Vitae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67297",,"fol. 24v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0165_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is a not very expert, but careful half-uncial: **a** has the closed form; uncial **A** used in the titles is noteworthy; uncial **𐌾** occurs here and there; the oblique of **N** meets the second upright well above the base-line; the top of **ꞇ** curves low down at the left; the first stroke of **u** is almost c-shaped; a script showing Insular influence is seen on fol. 6v (8 lines). Some Merovingian scribbles on fol. 118v ."," ☛Dated VII ex by Handschriftenzcensus Rheinland (Wiesbaden 1993). ☛Dated VII ex–VIII in by Glaube und Wissen im Mittelalter (Munich 1998). ☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1630,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1630,"Script is a not very expert, but careful half-uncial: a has the closed form; uncial A used in the titles is noteworthy; uncial 𐌾 occurs here and there; the oblique of N meets the second upright well above the base-line; the top of ꞇ curves low down at the left; the first stroke of u is almost c-shaped; a script showing Insular influence is seen on fol. 6v (8 lines). Some Merovingian scribbles on fol. 118v .
","Origin uncertain, manifestly a centre under Insular influence. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2149.
","☛Dated VII ex by Handschriftenzcensus Rheinland (Wiesbaden 1993). ☛Dated VII ex–VIII in by Glaube und Wissen im Mittelalter (Munich 1998). ☛Dated VIII¹ in Wood 2017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1630.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1630.jpg 1631,1256,Uncial,VIII,701,800,8,1160,"Written in a Continental centre under Insular influence. Was at Cologne as early as the ninth century: the inscription 'LIBER SCI PETRI' (saec. IX) stands on fol. 1. Two manuscripts of Censorinus, Vatic. Lat. 4929 saec. IX (cf; Barlow in Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, 15, 1938, with plates) and Vatic. Pal. Lat. 1588 saec. IX (from Lorsch), are supposed to be direct copies of our manuscript. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2191.",,,,"Fortunatianus, Ars Rhetorica; Augustinus, De Rhetorica; Victorinianus, Commentarius in Ciceronis de Inventione, De Attributis Personae et Negotio; Censorinus, De Die Natali.",Parchment,,,"TM 67298",,"fol. 231v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0166_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is a rather informal, small-size, late uncial, by more than one scribe: **LL** run together; minuscule letters and ligatures occur here and there at line-ends. Quotations are in crude mixed Rustic and uncial. Corrections and notes saec. VIII–IX in early Caroline minuscule, with many ligatures, or in mixed uncial and minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1631,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1631,"Script is a rather informal, small-size, late uncial, by more than one scribe: LL run together; minuscule letters and ligatures occur here and there at line-ends. Quotations are in crude mixed Rustic and uncial. Corrections and notes saec. VIII–IX in early Caroline minuscule, with many ligatures, or in mixed uncial and minuscule.
","Written in a Continental centre under Insular influence. Was at Cologne as early as the ninth century: the inscription 'LIBER SCI PETRI' (saec. IX) stands on fol. 1. Two manuscripts of Censorinus, Vatic. Lat. 4929 saec. IX (cf; Barlow in Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, 15, 1938, with plates) and Vatic. Pal. Lat. 1588 saec. IX (from Lorsch), are supposed to be direct copies of our manuscript. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2191.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1631.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1631.jpg 1632,1257,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",770,790,8,1161,"Written probably in North-east France in a centre with Insular connections, to judge from the script, ornamentation, and additions. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2178.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Hibernensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67299",,"foll. 29 and 102 ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0210_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script, by several hands, some more expert than others, is early Caroline minuscule: **a** is the rule, open **a** the exception; **i**-longa and **i** prolonged below the line are used; the first upright of **N** descends below the line and the oblique almost coincides with the base-line; ligatures include ligatured **mi**, for **mi**. Contemporary Insular minuscule by the hand of a corrector (foll. 5, 75v, 116). Probatio pennae in Anglo-Saxon minuscule on fol. 151v.","☛CLA date changed from VIII² to follow K. Zechiel-Eckes, in: Mittelalterliche Handschriften der Kölner Dombibliothek, Zweites Syposion, 2008, p. 187–229.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1632,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1632,"Script, by several hands, some more expert than others, is early Caroline minuscule: a is the rule, open a the exception; i-longa and i prolonged below the line are used; the first upright of N descends below the line and the oblique almost coincides with the base-line; ligatures include ligatured mi, for mi. Contemporary Insular minuscule by the hand of a corrector (foll. 5, 75v, 116). Probatio pennae in Anglo-Saxon minuscule on fol. 151v.
","Written probably in North-east France in a centre with Insular connections, to judge from the script, ornamentation, and additions. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2178.
","☛CLA date changed from VIII² to follow K. Zechiel-Eckes, in: Mittelalterliche Handschriften der Kölner Dombibliothek, Zweites Syposion, 2008, p. 187–229.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1632.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1632.jpg 1633,1258,"Half-Uncial and Uncial",VI–VII,590,604,8,1162,"Written presumably in France during the papacy of Gregory the Great (590–604). Was in the late eighth century in the same place as Cologne MS 213, i.e., probably at Cologne itself, where the manuscript was certainly preserved by the ninth century; the words 'In di nomen Hildibaldus', referring doubtless to the bishop of Cologne (785–819), are seen on fol. 1v. A copy of the 'Notitia in provincia Galliarum' on fol. 108 of our manuscript is found in Karlsruhe Aug. 103 in Reichenau script saec. IX in. For modern history of our volume, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2326.",,,,"Collectio Coloniensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67302",,"fol. 135v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagemed/%22kn28-0212_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script (except for the list of popes) is half-uncial by more than one hand: uncial **𐌾** is almost the rule in parts of the manuscript; the catalogue of popes on foll. 168v and 169 is in contemporary uncial as far as the name Agapitus (only one line is in half-uncial); the uncial is somewhat pointed and of exactly the same type as that in the headings and colophons. The popes after Agapitus and up to Gregory the Great (whose dates are not filled in) are added in half-uncial by one of the scribes of the main text. Additions in half-uncial saec. VII (foll. 11, 168), a marginal note in cursive saec. VII–VIII (fol. 42v), a probatio pennae in Insular majuscule saec. VIII (fol. 159v). The entry 'SIGIBERTUS; BINDIT (i.e. vendit) LIBELLUM,' in uncial saec. VIII stands on fol. 167v; Sigibertus entered his name also in Cologne MS 213 (see CLA [8.1163](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1635)). Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 4v, 9, 14v, etc.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1946a. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 242.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1633,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1633,"Script (except for the list of popes) is half-uncial by more than one hand: uncial 𐌾 is almost the rule in parts of the manuscript; the catalogue of popes on foll. 168v and 169 is in contemporary uncial as far as the name Agapitus (only one line is in half-uncial); the uncial is somewhat pointed and of exactly the same type as that in the headings and colophons. The popes after Agapitus and up to Gregory the Great (whose dates are not filled in) are added in half-uncial by one of the scribes of the main text. Additions in half-uncial saec. VII (foll. 11, 168), a marginal note in cursive saec. VII–VIII (fol. 42v), a probatio pennae in Insular majuscule saec. VIII (fol. 159v). The entry 'SIGIBERTUS; BINDIT (i.e. vendit) LIBELLUM,' in uncial saec. VIII stands on fol. 167v; Sigibertus entered his name also in Cologne MS 213 (see CLA 8.1163). Notae Tironianae occur on foll. 4v, 9, 14v, etc.
","Written presumably in France during the papacy of Gregory the Great (590–604). Was in the late eighth century in the same place as Cologne MS 213, i.e., probably at Cologne itself, where the manuscript was certainly preserved by the ninth century; the words 'In di nomen Hildibaldus', referring doubtless to the bishop of Cologne (785–819), are seen on fol. 1v. A copy of the 'Notitia in provincia Galliarum' on fol. 108 of our manuscript is found in Karlsruhe Aug. 103 in Reichenau script saec. IX in. For modern history of our volume, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2326.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1946a. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 242.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1633.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1633.jpg 1635,1259,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,8,1163,"Written doubtless in Northumbria, whence the manuscript was brought to the Continent. Was probably at Cologne by the eighth century. For modern history, see CLA [8.1146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1617); its Darmstadt number was 2336.",,,,"Collectio Canones Sanblasiana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67303",,"fol. 19v ",,http://www.ceec.uni-koeln.de/ceec-cgi/kleioc/0010/exec/pagepro/%22kn28-0213_001.jpg%22/segment/%22body%22,"Script is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule, by several scribes: **d**, **n**, **r**, **s** are used in both majuscule and minuscule forms, but minuscule **d**, **n**, **r** predominate; **Ᵹ** is rather long; **n** at line-ends is occasionally placed sideways in a 3-shaped form; **u** here and there is suprascript and cup-shaped; Anglo-Saxon minuscule is used for the subscriptions of the bishops (foll. 16 ff., 57v ff., 60v ff., and 76v ff.), for the whole of fol. 83r, and especially for the final line or lines (mostly three) of all other pages, the last line being sometimes almost pure cursive with e having the lower bow reversed. Some corrections or notes in pointed Insular minuscule, partly of the Northumbrian type (fol. 27v). The entry 'SIGIBERTUS SCRIPSIT' in uncial saec. VIII (fol. 143) is presumably by the same scribe who entered his name in Cologne MS 212 (see CLA [8.1162](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1633)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1635,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1635,"Script is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule, by several scribes: d, n, r, s are used in both majuscule and minuscule forms, but minuscule d, n, r predominate; Ᵹ is rather long; n at line-ends is occasionally placed sideways in a 3-shaped form; u here and there is suprascript and cup-shaped; Anglo-Saxon minuscule is used for the subscriptions of the bishops (foll. 16 ff., 57v ff., 60v ff., and 76v ff.), for the whole of fol. 83r, and especially for the final line or lines (mostly three) of all other pages, the last line being sometimes almost pure cursive with e having the lower bow reversed. Some corrections or notes in pointed Insular minuscule, partly of the Northumbrian type (fol. 27v). The entry 'SIGIBERTUS SCRIPSIT' in uncial saec. VIII (fol. 143) is presumably by the same scribe who entered his name in Cologne MS 212 (see CLA 8.1162).
","Written doubtless in Northumbria, whence the manuscript was brought to the Continent. Was probably at Cologne by the eighth century. For modern history, see CLA 8.1146; its Darmstadt number was 2336.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1635.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1635.jpg 1637,1260,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule and Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1164,"Origin uncertain, but doubtless some Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, most likely in the Corbie area. The manuscript probably belonged early to the Cologne cathedral library, where our fragments were used in the bindings of MSS 34 and 211.",0,,,"Isidorus, Epistula ad Massonam; De Mutatione Lunae; Glossae in Apocalypsim.",Parchment,,,"TM 67304",,"Image shows one side of the two larger fragments",,,"Script is a rather cursive and somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule, showing Continental influence and recalling the Vatican Theodore of Mopsuestia (CLA [1.4](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/6)); a graceful pre-Caroline minuscule betraying Insular influence and faintly recalling some features of the Corbie a-b type (ligatures **et** and **gy**) is seen on the lower half of one page.",,,3,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1637,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1637,"Script is a rather cursive and somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule, showing Continental influence and recalling the Vatican Theodore of Mopsuestia (CLA 1.4); a graceful pre-Caroline minuscule betraying Insular influence and faintly recalling some features of the Corbie a-b type (ligatures et and gy) is seen on the lower half of one page.
","Origin uncertain, but doubtless some Continental centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, most likely in the Corbie area. The manuscript probably belonged early to the Cologne cathedral library, where our fragments were used in the bindings of MSS 34 and 211.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1637.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1637.jpg 1639,1261,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1165,"Written probably in Northumbria, possibly in a Continental centre under Northumbrian influence. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in bindings from the monastery of Gross-Sankt-Martin in Cologne.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67305",,"Image from MS. 24 ",,,"Script is a large Anglo-Saxon majuscule by more than one hand: uncial **A** with the bow hanging below the line, occurs at line-ends; **d** and **n** are usually minuscule, **R** and **S** usually majuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1639,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1639,"Script is a large Anglo-Saxon majuscule by more than one hand: uncial A with the bow hanging below the line, occurs at line-ends; d and n are usually minuscule, R and S usually majuscule.
","Written probably in Northumbria, possibly in a Continental centre under Northumbrian influence. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in bindings from the monastery of Gross-Sankt-Martin in Cologne.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1639.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1639.jpg 1640,1262,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1166,"Written apparently in Italy, to judge from the script. The Cologne folio served as front fly-leaf in a manuscript of Hugh of St Victor, etc., which belonged to the monastery of Gross-Sankt-Martin in Cologne: the entry 'Liber sancti Martini maioris in Colonia’ (saec. XV) stands on the recto. The Münster leaves were given to the University Library in 1932 by Professor Sonnenberg; they perished on Palm Sunday, 1945.",3,,,"Glossarium Latinum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67306",,"Image shows Münster fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a vigorous, but not very regular uncial of a late type, with long ascenders and descenders: the first bow of **M** is often constricted; the second upright of **N** is here and there comma-shaped; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1640,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1640,"Script is a vigorous, but not very regular uncial of a late type, with long ascenders and descenders: the first bow of M is often constricted; the second upright of N is here and there comma-shaped; LL run together.
","Written apparently in Italy, to judge from the script. The Cologne folio served as front fly-leaf in a manuscript of Hugh of St Victor, etc., which belonged to the monastery of Gross-Sankt-Martin in Cologne: the entry 'Liber sancti Martini maioris in Colonia’ (saec. XV) stands on the recto. The Münster leaves were given to the University Library in 1932 by Professor Sonnenberg; they perished on Palm Sunday, 1945.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1640.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1640.jpg 1641,1263,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1167,"Written presumably in Italy. Rewritten in the late seventh century, probably also in Italy, with a Latin glossary. For later history see CLA [8.1166](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1640).",3,,,"Codex Iustinianus (3.32.4–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67307",,"Image from the recto of the Cologne leaf",,,"Script is a rather small, not very regular uncial: the eye of **E** is closed; the tail of **𐌾** is short; the first bow of **M** is almost closed; the bow of **P** is small; **S** is top-heavy; the top of **T** is yoke-like.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1641,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1641,"Script is a rather small, not very regular uncial: the eye of E is closed; the tail of 𐌾 is short; the first bow of M is almost closed; the bow of P is small; S is top-heavy; the top of T is yoke-like.
","Written presumably in Italy. Rewritten in the late seventh century, probably also in Italy, with a Latin glossary. For later history see CLA 8.1166.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1641.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1641.jpg 1642,1264,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1168,"Written in the Corbie area. Later used for binding books.",,,,"Breviarium (In Epiphania, De S Sebastiano).",Parchment,,,"TM 67308",,"Image from fol. 1v and its mutilated conjugate",,,"Script is typical a-b minuscule with many ligatures (for a complete list of manuscripts in this script, see CLA 6, pp. xxv f.).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1955.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1642,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1642,"Script is typical a-b minuscule with many ligatures (for a complete list of manuscripts in this script, see CLA 6, pp. xxv f.).
","Written in the Corbie area. Later used for binding books.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1955.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1642.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1642.jpg 1643,1265,"Irish Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,8,1169,"Written most likely in Ireland, or in a centre like Bobbio with Irish connections. Later dismembered and used for book-bindings.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (94, 102, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67309",,"Image from the verso of MS. 148",,,"Script is a vigorous, rather angular Irish majuscule, faintly recalling the Bobbio Orosius (CLA [3.328](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/664)): **n** occurs in both the uncial and minuscule forms; **d**, **r**, and **s** are almost exclusively minuscule; **g** sometimes resembles an angular Arabic 3; ligatures include **ca** and **ce**.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1643,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1643,"Script is a vigorous, rather angular Irish majuscule, faintly recalling the Bobbio Orosius (CLA 3.328): n occurs in both the uncial and minuscule forms; d, r, and s are almost exclusively minuscule; g sometimes resembles an angular Arabic 3; ligatures include ca and ce.
","Written most likely in Ireland, or in a centre like Bobbio with Irish connections. Later dismembered and used for book-bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1643.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1643.jpg 1644,1266,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1170,"Written in some convent in North France, probably at Chelles, which also produced the series of sister manuscripts of Augustinus in Psalmos in the Cologne Cathedral Library.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (96.10–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67310",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of the distinctive type seen in the three volumes of St Augustine's Commentary on the Psalms, written by several nuns and preserved in Cologne Cathedral Library (see CLA [8.1152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623)). The possibility cannot be excluded that our leaf comes from a companion volume to one omitted in describing the Berlin items, namely Phillipps 1657. This latter manuscript of 188 folios, containing Augustinus in Psalmos 101 ff., measures 366 x 263 mm <275 x 190 mm> in 34 long lines, and was written by some of the same nuns who wrote the Cologne Cathedral Library copy of this same work (described in CLA [8.1152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623)). The signatures which can still be read despite erasure (teste W. Köhler) are: 'gisledrud' (quire 4, fol. 28v), 'girbalda scrip' (quire 8, fol. 65v), 'gislildis scrip' (quire 12, fol. 102v), '. . . drudis scripsit' (quire 15, fol. 128v), 'adruhic scripsit' (quire 19, fol. 161v). The manuscript ends on fol. 188r; the verso was left blank, and the lower part where the signature and quire-mark 22 should have been has been cut away.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1956.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1644,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1644,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of the distinctive type seen in the three volumes of St Augustine's Commentary on the Psalms, written by several nuns and preserved in Cologne Cathedral Library (see CLA 8.1152). The possibility cannot be excluded that our leaf comes from a companion volume to one omitted in describing the Berlin items, namely Phillipps 1657. This latter manuscript of 188 folios, containing Augustinus in Psalmos 101 ff., measures 366 x 263 mm <275 x 190 mm> in 34 long lines, and was written by some of the same nuns who wrote the Cologne Cathedral Library copy of this same work (described in CLA 8.1152). The signatures which can still be read despite erasure (teste W. Köhler) are: 'gisledrud' (quire 4, fol. 28v), 'girbalda scrip' (quire 8, fol. 65v), 'gislildis scrip' (quire 12, fol. 102v), '. . . drudis scripsit' (quire 15, fol. 128v), 'adruhic scripsit' (quire 19, fol. 161v). The manuscript ends on fol. 188r; the verso was left blank, and the lower part where the signature and quire-mark 22 should have been has been cut away.
","Written in some convent in North France, probably at Chelles, which also produced the series of sister manuscripts of Augustinus in Psalmos in the Cologne Cathedral Library.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1956.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1644.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1644.jpg 1645,1267,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1171,"Written presumably in the East Roman Empire and possibly in Byzantium, to judge by the script. The Göttingen fragments belonged to the library of the University of Helmstedt as early as the seventeenth century; they migrated to Göttingen in 1810. The Cologne fragment comes from the library of Professor Wallraf (†1824).",,,,"Glossarium Graeco-Latinum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 65038",,"Image from the recto of the Cologne leaf ",,,"Script is expert, well-formed uncial of a distinct type found in a number of legal manuscripts, such as the Pommersfelden papyrus fragment and the famous Florentine Digests (CLA [9.1351](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1852) and [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)): the bow of **A** is small: **B** is tall and its lower bow usually protrudes; **N** follows the Greek canon with the two uprights shaded and the oblique thin; the bow of **P** is compressed and open; **R** normally resembles a π with its first leg descending below the line, as in archaic half-uncial; **S** has two forms. A correction on the Cologne leaf in uncial of a somewhat later type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1645,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1645,"Script is expert, well-formed uncial of a distinct type found in a number of legal manuscripts, such as the Pommersfelden papyrus fragment and the famous Florentine Digests (CLA 9.1351 and 3.295): the bow of A is small: B is tall and its lower bow usually protrudes; N follows the Greek canon with the two uprights shaded and the oblique thin; the bow of P is compressed and open; R normally resembles a π with its first leg descending below the line, as in archaic half-uncial; S has two forms. A correction on the Cologne leaf in uncial of a somewhat later type.
","Written presumably in the East Roman Empire and possibly in Byzantium, to judge by the script. The Göttingen fragments belonged to the library of the University of Helmstedt as early as the seventeenth century; they migrated to Göttingen in 1810. The Cologne fragment comes from the library of Professor Wallraf (†1824).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1645.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1645.jpg 1646,1268,"Insular Majuscule","VII ex",676,700,8,1172,"Written presumably in Ireland, possibly in Northumbria in a centre where Irish tradition was still quite alive. Was in the possession of Cardinal Nicholas of Kues (†1464), who bequeathed his library to the hospital founded by him at Kues near Berncastel.",,,,"Iuvencus, Evangeliorum Libri Quattuor (2.289–344, 562–616).",Parchment,,,"TM 67311",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a bold, expert Insular majuscule with a strong Irish flavour, recalling somewhat the script of the Durham Gospel fragments (CLA [2.147](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/460)): **d**, **n**, **r**, **ꞅ** are regularly minuscule; the shaft of **h** is often sinuous or leans to the left; **m** at the end of words often has the third stroke curved and going well below the line. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1646,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1646,"Script is a bold, expert Insular majuscule with a strong Irish flavour, recalling somewhat the script of the Durham Gospel fragments (CLA 2.147): d, n, r, ꞅ are regularly minuscule; the shaft of h is often sinuous or leans to the left; m at the end of words often has the third stroke curved and going well below the line. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹.
","Written presumably in Ireland, possibly in Northumbria in a centre where Irish tradition was still quite alive. Was in the possession of Cardinal Nicholas of Kues (†1464), who bequeathed his library to the hospital founded by him at Kues near Berncastel.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1646.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1646.jpg 1647,1269,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1173,"Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, presumably at Lorsch. Used in the twelfth century for a manuscript of Vitae Sanctorum. Belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Grafschaft near Arnsberg: the inscription 'Liber sci Alexandri mris I gscaph' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1, and 'graschap' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover.",,,,"Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67312",,"fol. 18 ",,http://tudigit.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/show/Hs-752/0006?sid=1c6ecb01c415df8eb056ace4f50b3cd2,"Script is an early, well-formed minuscule by several scribes, some showing strong Anglo-Saxon influence, others a more diluted type seen in many Lorsch manuscripts: **a** has three forms: the open **a**, the half-uncial, and the normal Caroline; **d** is mostly uncial; **r** and **s** have two forms; ligatures are partly of the Caroline type, partly of the Insular. Numerous marginal notes in smaller Caroline minuscule saec. IX (on foll. 42v, 43v, etc.) refer to the liturgical offices for the days the homilies were to be read.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 978.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1647,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1647,"Script is an early, well-formed minuscule by several scribes, some showing strong Anglo-Saxon influence, others a more diluted type seen in many Lorsch manuscripts: a has three forms: the open a, the half-uncial, and the normal Caroline; d is mostly uncial; r and s have two forms; ligatures are partly of the Caroline type, partly of the Insular. Numerous marginal notes in smaller Caroline minuscule saec. IX (on foll. 42v, 43v, etc.) refer to the liturgical offices for the days the homilies were to be read.
","Written in a German centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, presumably at Lorsch. Used in the twelfth century for a manuscript of Vitae Sanctorum. Belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Grafschaft near Arnsberg: the inscription 'Liber sci Alexandri mris I gscaph' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1, and 'graschap' (saec. XV) is seen on the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 978.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1647.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1647.jpg 1648,1270,Uncial,V,401,500,8,1174,"Written in Italy and probably in the North where it was used liturgically. It is possibly the 'Liber prophetarum quem Hiltiger de Italia adduxit' mentioned in a Reichenau list of books acquired during the abbacy of Erlebald (823–838). Later certainly in the Constance Cathedral Library where it was used for binding manuscripts, presumably in the middle of the fifteenth century. The fragments came with the Constance manuscripts to Weingarten in 1630 (from there later to Darmstadt, Donaueschingen, Fulda, Stuttgart, and St Paul in Carinthia). The rediscovery of the fragments began in 1856 with E. Ranke's finds in Fulda.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vetus Latina, Ez 8, 12, 16–28, 32–34, 42–48, passim, Dn 2.18–33, 9.25–10.11, 11.18–23, 35–39, Os 4-134 passim, Am 5–9 passim, Mi 1–2, 4–5 passim, Ioel 1-4 passim, Ion 1–4 passim, Na 1.1–7). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67317",,"Image from quire II, fol. 5 of Fulda MS. Aa 1a",,http://digital.wlb-stuttgart.de/sammlungen/sammlungsliste/werksansicht/?no_cache=1&tx_dlf%5Bid%5D=3793&tx_dlf%5Bpage%5D=1&cHash=956cafa1971d74efc23dc6f5ea594781,"Script is expert uncial of the finest and oldest type: the tail of **𐌾** is short; the first stroke of **M** is almost straight; ligatures are numerous at line ends. Marginalia in early quarter-uncial saec. V with many ligatures; abbreviations include d = dicunt, q·= que, and the normal forms of Nomina Sacra; omitted M is marked after the vowel by a horizontal stroke with dot below. The note 'IN LETANIA' is added in poor Rustic capital opposite Ezechiel 18.1.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 191 (fly-leaf) (now in the Schoyen collection). ☛Formerly Oslo, Private collection Schøyen MS 46 (formerly in Donaueschingen). ☛Formerly Vaduz, Pax ex innovatione Foundation number unknown.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1648,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1648,"Script is expert uncial of the finest and oldest type: the tail of 𐌾 is short; the first stroke of M is almost straight; ligatures are numerous at line ends. Marginalia in early quarter-uncial saec. V with many ligatures; abbreviations include d = dicunt, q·= que, and the normal forms of Nomina Sacra; omitted M is marked after the vowel by a horizontal stroke with dot below. The note 'IN LETANIA' is added in poor Rustic capital opposite Ezechiel 18.1.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North where it was used liturgically. It is possibly the 'Liber prophetarum quem Hiltiger de Italia adduxit' mentioned in a Reichenau list of books acquired during the abbacy of Erlebald (823–838). Later certainly in the Constance Cathedral Library where it was used for binding manuscripts, presumably in the middle of the fifteenth century. The fragments came with the Constance manuscripts to Weingarten in 1630 (from there later to Darmstadt, Donaueschingen, Fulda, Stuttgart, and St Paul in Carinthia). The rediscovery of the fragments began in 1856 with E. Ranke's finds in Fulda.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 191 (fly-leaf) (now in the Schoyen collection). ☛Formerly Oslo, Private collection Schøyen MS 46 (formerly in Donaueschingen). ☛Formerly Vaduz, Pax ex innovatione Foundation number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1648.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1648.jpg 1649,1271,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1175,"Origin uncertain, most probably a North Italian centre, to judge from script and spelling. The fragments were used for binding manuscripts of the Constance Cathedral Library, which in 1630 were purchased by the monastery of Weingarten in Swabia.",2,,,"Lectionarium Gallicanum (Canones Poenitentiales, fragm.).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Weingartensia. Fragmenta Constantiensia. (Ï)",,"TM 67313",,"Image from the verso of the fly-leaf in Stuttgart HB. XIV. 15 ",,,"Script is a somewhat angular pre-Caroline minuscule showing two forms of **a** and **d**; **r** extends below the line; the **nt** ligature has a small cup-shaped finial.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 925 [palimpsest new].",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1649,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1649,"Script is a somewhat angular pre-Caroline minuscule showing two forms of a and d; r extends below the line; the nt ligature has a small cup-shaped finial.
","Origin uncertain, most probably a North Italian centre, to judge from script and spelling. The fragments were used for binding manuscripts of the Constance Cathedral Library, which in 1630 were purchased by the monastery of Weingarten in Swabia.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 925 [palimpsest new].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1649.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1649.jpg 1650,1272,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1176,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the script. Rewritten probably in North Italy with Canones poenitentiales ca. 800. Later dismembered and used for binding purposes in the Constance Cathedral Library. The fragments came to Weingarten with other Constance manuscripts in 1630.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelistarium (Vetus Latina, fragm.).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Weingartensia. Fragmenta Constantiensia. (π)",,"TM 67314",,"Image from the recto of the fly-leaf in Stuttgart HB. VII. 29 ",,,"Script is a bold uncial with its letters elongated and leaning somewhat to the left: noteworthy is the uncial **A** with its small, pendent, and almost horizontal bow.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 925 [palimpsest old]. ☛Formerly Stuttgart, Württembergische Landesbibliothek Codex Donaueschingen 925 [palimpsest old].",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1650,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1650,"Script is a bold uncial with its letters elongated and leaning somewhat to the left: noteworthy is the uncial A with its small, pendent, and almost horizontal bow.
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge from the script. Rewritten probably in North Italy with Canones poenitentiales ca. 800. Later dismembered and used for binding purposes in the Constance Cathedral Library. The fragments came to Weingarten with other Constance manuscripts in 1630.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek 925 [palimpsest old]. ☛Formerly Stuttgart, Württembergische Landesbibliothek Codex Donaueschingen 925 [palimpsest old].
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1650.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1650.jpg 1651,1273,Uncial,"VIII ex",776,800,8,1177,"Origin uncertain, some palaeographical features suggest a Rhaetian centre. The original volume was still intact in the fifteenth century as the quire marks of that date show. The Dillingen fragments were detached from the binding of a volume of Dionysius Areopagita, Opera, Strassburg 1502–3, which later belonged to the monastery of Elchingen.",0,,,"Ps- Gallenus, Ars Medica (fragm.); Cassius Felix, De Medicina (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67318",,"Image from CLM 29136, fol. 2, and CLM 29135, fol. 10 ",,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00063296/image_1,"Script, by more than one hand, is debased and rather careless uncial with occasional intrusion of minuscule (**b**, **f**, **g**, **r**, **s**) which was the scribe's natural script.","☛Olim Donaueschingen, Hofbibl. Fragm. E.I.10. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29135. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29136. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1017.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1651,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1651,"Script, by more than one hand, is debased and rather careless uncial with occasional intrusion of minuscule (b, f, g, r, s) which was the scribe's natural script.
","Origin uncertain, some palaeographical features suggest a Rhaetian centre. The original volume was still intact in the fifteenth century as the quire marks of that date show. The Dillingen fragments were detached from the binding of a volume of Dionysius Areopagita, Opera, Strassburg 1502–3, which later belonged to the monastery of Elchingen.
","☛Olim Donaueschingen, Hofbibl. Fragm. E.I.10. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29135. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29136. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1017.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1651.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1651.jpg 1652,1274,"Corbie a-b Script","VIII ex",776,800,8,1178,"Written in the Corbie area.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos; Solini Excerptum (1.106–107).",Parchment,,,"TM 67319",,"foll. 18 and 190 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of the type called a-b from its distinguishing letters (for a full description of this script, see CLA [5.554](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914)); some of the hands show the dissolution of the type. A contemporary addition on fol. 190 is in French pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; **N** occurs in a correction by first hand; numerous ligatures including **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti. Some ninth and tenth-century corrections.","☛Formely Donaueschingen, Fürstlich Fürstenbergische, Hofbibliothek 18. ",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1652,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1652,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of the type called a-b from its distinguishing letters (for a full description of this script, see CLA 5.554); some of the hands show the dissolution of the type. A contemporary addition on fol. 190 is in French pre-Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; N occurs in a correction by first hand; numerous ligatures including ti ligature for hard and soft ti. Some ninth and tenth-century corrections.
","Written in the Corbie area.
","☛Formely Donaueschingen, Fürstlich Fürstenbergische, Hofbibliothek 18.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1652.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1652.jpg 1653,1275,"Rhaetian Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1179,"Written in a Rhaetian centre, apparently the one which produced the companion volume of Cassian's Institutiones, fragments of which are at Sarnen (CLA [7.1023](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1294)). Our fragments were used for binding purposes; their later history is unknown.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (8, 9, fragm.).",Parchment,"Codex Donaueschingen.",,"TM 67320",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a firm, well-formed Rhaetian minuscule, with the single strokes often unjoined: **a** has mostly the open form; **d** has two forms; **ꞇ** is made in the Beneventan manner; the ligature of **nt** occurs even in mid-word.","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 3 (925).",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1653,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1653,"Script is a firm, well-formed Rhaetian minuscule, with the single strokes often unjoined: a has mostly the open form; d has two forms; ꞇ is made in the Beneventan manner; the ligature of nt occurs even in mid-word.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre, apparently the one which produced the companion volume of Cassian's Institutiones, fragments of which are at Sarnen (CLA 7.1023). Our fragments were used for binding purposes; their later history is unknown.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 3 (925).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1653.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1653.jpg 1654,1276,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1180,"Written doubtless in Salzburg, to judge by its similarity with Salzburg manuscripts. Later used for binding books.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Ps- Augustinus, Sermones (109, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67321",,"Image shows the entire Donaueschingen fol. 5v",,,"Script is a regular early Caroline minuscule resembling the script of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814)) and other manuscripts from Salzburg: **a** and **d** have two forms. For other details, see [CLA 10 under Admont](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/144).","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 15 (925). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 14. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 139.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1654,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1654,"Script is a regular early Caroline minuscule resembling the script of Munich CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313) and other manuscripts from Salzburg: a and d have two forms. For other details, see CLA 10 under Admont.
","Written doubtless in Salzburg, to judge by its similarity with Salzburg manuscripts. Later used for binding books.
","☛Formerly Donaueschingen, Hofbibliothek B III 15 (925). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 14. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung p. 139.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1654.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1654.jpg 1655,1278,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1181,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. S.**1181 entry: Fulda fragment was salvaged from the binding of Robert Belarminius, Recognitio librorum omnium Rob. Card. Bellarminii, etc., Ingolstadii, 1608.",,,,"Scottus Anonymus, Commentarius in Matthaeum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67322",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct Germanic type: noteworthy are the long ascenders and descenders and the theta-shaped **e**; **a** has both open and closed forms; **g** has three forms one with protruding chest, one resembling an elongated numeral 3 with a tiny top, and in ligature with **i** a form resembling an elongated **s**.","☛Correcting Lowe's statement 'Dresden portion perished in 1945.' ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1048.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1655,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1655,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct Germanic type: noteworthy are the long ascenders and descenders and the theta-shaped e; a has both open and closed forms; g has three forms one with protruding chest, one resembling an elongated numeral 3 with a tiny top, and in ligature with i a form resembling an elongated s.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. S.**1181 entry: Fulda fragment was salvaged from the binding of Robert Belarminius, Recognitio librorum omnium Rob. Card. Bellarminii, etc., Ingolstadii, 1608.
","☛Correcting Lowe's statement 'Dresden portion perished in 1945.' ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1048.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1655.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1655.jpg 1656,1279,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1182,"Written in France, most likely in the Laon region, to judge from one of the hands. Belonged to the Essen convent of canonesses apparently by the tenth century, to judge from the names on foll. 2 and 144v.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli et Epistulae Catholicae (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr, Iac, 1 Pt, 2 Pt, 1 Io, 2 Io, 3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 67323",,"foll. 5v and 105",,,"Script is mainly by two hands, one writing early Caroline minuscule, the other (foll. 67–74, 75–119) a peculiar pre-Caroline minuscule in transition from the Laon a-z type: echoes of that type are ligatures like **ard**, **erp**, **ge**, **gen**, **gu**, **ter**; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Anglo-Saxon minuscule is seen in a single line on foll. 4v and 5v. Probationes pennae saec. X with women’s names of Old-Saxon origin on foll. 2 and 144v. Pen-and-ink drawings of Titus and St Paul, apparently saec. X, on foll. 119v and 120. A thirteenth-century librarian’s hand is seen on fol. 2.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1060. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 103.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1656,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1656,"Script is mainly by two hands, one writing early Caroline minuscule, the other (foll. 67–74, 75–119) a peculiar pre-Caroline minuscule in transition from the Laon a-z type: echoes of that type are ligatures like ard, erp, ge, gen, gu, ter; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Anglo-Saxon minuscule is seen in a single line on foll. 4v and 5v. Probationes pennae saec. X with women’s names of Old-Saxon origin on foll. 2 and 144v. Pen-and-ink drawings of Titus and St Paul, apparently saec. X, on foll. 119v and 120. A thirteenth-century librarian’s hand is seen on fol. 2.
","Written in France, most likely in the Laon region, to judge from one of the hands. Belonged to the Essen convent of canonesses apparently by the tenth century, to judge from the names on foll. 2 and 144v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1060. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften 103.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1656.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1656.jpg 1658,1280,"Corbie a-b Script",VIII–IX,798,900,8,1183,"Written in the Corbie region. Later at Essen, where it belonged to the convent of canonesses (founded in 852) apparently at least as early as about 900 (cf. the letter on fol. 305v); the ex-libris saec. XVII 'Biblioth. Canon. Essendiensium' stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Alcuinus, Quaestiones et Responsiones in Genesin, etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67324",,"Image from fol. 101 (new foliation)",,http://digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de/ms/content/pageview/4506066,"Script, by more than one scribe, is pre-Caroline minuscule of the so-called Corbie a-b type fully described in CLA [5.554 (https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914) (see also CLA 6, p. xxv f., where a list of manuscripts in this type is given). Theological excerpts in ordinary ninth-century minuscule were entered on foll. 304v–305, a schoolgirl's letter to 'domina magistra Felhin' ca. saec. IX–X on fol. 305v, and a 'Benedictio cerei' saec. X on foll. 83v–84. A thirteenth-century hand added a table of contents on fol. 1.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1062.",,,5,9,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1658,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1658,"Script, by more than one scribe, is pre-Caroline minuscule of the so-called Corbie a-b type fully described in CLA [5.554 (https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/914) (see also CLA 6, p. xxv f., where a list of manuscripts in this type is given). Theological excerpts in ordinary ninth-century minuscule were entered on foll. 304v–305, a schoolgirl's letter to 'domina magistra Felhin' ca. saec. IX–X on fol. 305v, and a 'Benedictio cerei' saec. X on foll. 83v–84. A thirteenth-century hand added a table of contents on fol. 1.
","Written in the Corbie region. Later at Essen, where it belonged to the convent of canonesses (founded in 852) apparently at least as early as about 900 (cf. the letter on fol. 305v); the ex-libris saec. XVII 'Biblioth. Canon. Essendiensium' stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1062.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1658.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1658.jpg 1659,1281,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1184,"Written presumably in England. Provenance not known.",,,,"Isidorus, De Ortu et Obitu Patrum (5–7, 85–86), Prooemia in Libros Veteris et Novi Testamenti, Allegoriae (Praef., 1–7, 18–31).",Parchment,,,"TM 67325",,"Image shows the end of the 'De Ortu et Obitu' and the beginning of the 'Allegoriae'",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|4,"Script is an affected and somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **d**, **N** and **n**, **R**, **S** and **ꞅ**; **e** in ligature is tall and mostly open.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1659,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1659,"Script is an affected and somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule with d, N and n, R, S and ꞅ; e in ligature is tall and mostly open.
","Written presumably in England. Provenance not known.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1659.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1659.jpg 1660,1282,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1185,"Written presumably in Ireland. The fragments served as jackets to sixteenth-century accounts of the monastery of Werden.",,,,"Lathcen, Ecloga Gregorii Magni Moralium in Iob (17); Philippus Presbyter, Expositio in Iob.",Parchment,,,"TM 67326",,"Image from of the verso of fragm. C",,http://vm133.lib.berkeley.edu:8080/xtf22/search?rmode=digscript;smode=basic;text=Plimpton%20ms%2054;docsPerPage=1;startDoc=1;fullview=yes,"Script is irregular Irish minuscule, partly of an early, somewhat angular type, partly pointed and narrow and often cursive: **a** has two forms; **i** after **r** is an s-like flourish and the same flourish is seen in the **fi** ligature; subscript **o** is frequent; **u** is often suprascript and cup-shaped; **e** in ligature frequently resembles a shallow 8.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1660,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1660,"Script is irregular Irish minuscule, partly of an early, somewhat angular type, partly pointed and narrow and often cursive: a has two forms; i after r is an s-like flourish and the same flourish is seen in the fi ligature; subscript o is frequent; u is often suprascript and cup-shaped; e in ligature frequently resembles a shallow 8.
","Written presumably in Ireland. The fragments served as jackets to sixteenth-century accounts of the monastery of Werden.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1660.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1660.jpg 1661,1283,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1186,"Written either in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, like Werden. Provenance unknown.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.1.4–6, 30, 34, 35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67209",,"Image from the verso ",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|4,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **I** often goes below the line; the **tio** ligature here and there.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1661,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1661,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: I often goes below the line; the tio ligature here and there.
","Written either in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, like Werden. Provenance unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1661.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1661.jpg 1662,1284,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,8,1187,"Written in England, and apparently in the North, to judge from the script. Our leaves were detached from bindings of books belonging to the monastery of Beyenburg near Werden.",,,,"Johannes Chrysostomus, De Reparatione Lapsi, De Compunctione Cordis; Hermas, Pastor (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67328",,"Image from MS. B. 215, fol. 3v",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|4,"Script is expert and rapid, almost cursive pointed minuscule of North English type, with many ligatures: **m** occurs lying on its side at line-end; **z** thrusts boldly below the line; **g** in ligature resembles an elongated s; subscript **i** is frequent in ligature; the groups **ꞇaꞇ** and even **ꞇaꞇe** have a common head-line. Some words were transcribed interlinearly in the fifteenth century.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1662,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1662,"Script is expert and rapid, almost cursive pointed minuscule of North English type, with many ligatures: m occurs lying on its side at line-end; z thrusts boldly below the line; g in ligature resembles an elongated s; subscript i is frequent in ligature; the groups ꞇaꞇ and even ꞇaꞇe have a common head-line. Some words were transcribed interlinearly in the fifteenth century.
","Written in England, and apparently in the North, to judge from the script. Our leaves were detached from bindings of books belonging to the monastery of Beyenburg near Werden.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1662.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1662.jpg 1663,1285,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1188,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent and possibly at Werden. The fragments were used as fly-leaves.",,,,"Canonum Collectio Quesnelliana (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67329",,"fol. 4v ",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|4,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type recalling Würzburg M.P. Theol. Fol. 47 (CLA [9.1414](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1922)): **a** has the open form; **r** and **s** go well below the line; final **ꞇ** ends in a comma-like thickening; the lower left limb of **x** turns to the right, a feature of many Northumbrian manuscripts.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1072.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1663,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1663,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type recalling Würzburg M.P. Theol. Fol. 47 (CLA 9.1414): a has the open form; r and s go well below the line; final ꞇ ends in a comma-like thickening; the lower left limb of x turns to the right, a feature of many Northumbrian manuscripts.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent and possibly at Werden. The fragments were used as fly-leaves.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1072.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1663.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1663.jpg 1664,1286,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1189,"Written it would seem in Northumbria, to judge from the script. Provenance unknown, presumably the monastery of Werden.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (11.1.105–113; 14.4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67330",,"Image from the verso",,http://www.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/?xdb_objtype%21%2522digitalisierteHandschriften%2522%20r5a:*%20r5a%21%2522D%25C3%25BCsseldorf%2522#|10,"Script is calligraphic compressed majuscule verging on minuscule: **a** has two forms, the majuscule predominating; **d** and **ꝺ**, **n**, **r**, **s** and **ꞅ** are used; final **a** and **t** end in a characteristic thickening; the lower left limb of **x** turns slightly to the right; the ligature **um** occurs at line-end lying on its side. Pointed minuscule of Northumbrian type is used for the last two lines of each column. Both scripts recall the main hand of Kassel Theol. Fol. 21 (CLA [8.1134](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1603)). Some late medieval scribbles.","☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Hauptstaatsarchiv Stad fr. 28. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Stad Z 4 Nr. 3, 1.",4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1664,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1664,"Script is calligraphic compressed majuscule verging on minuscule: a has two forms, the majuscule predominating; d and ꝺ, n, r, s and ꞅ are used; final a and t end in a characteristic thickening; the lower left limb of x turns slightly to the right; the ligature um occurs at line-end lying on its side. Pointed minuscule of Northumbrian type is used for the last two lines of each column. Both scripts recall the main hand of Kassel Theol. Fol. 21 (CLA 8.1134). Some late medieval scribbles.
","Written it would seem in Northumbria, to judge from the script. Provenance unknown, presumably the monastery of Werden.
","☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Hauptstaatsarchiv Stad fr. 28. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Stad Z 4 Nr. 3, 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1664.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1664.jpg 1665,1287,Uncial,VI²,551,600,8,1190,"Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Used as fly-leaf in a ninth-century manuscript from a West German scriptorium. At the beginning of the fifteenth century this manuscript was in the possession of Magister Amplonius Ratinck who bequeathed his library to the Erfurt Collegium Amplonianum founded by him in 1412.",3,,,"Canones Concilii Grangrensis (57–70).",Parchment,,,"TM 67332",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a regular uncial with the letters generously spaced: the bow of **A** is pointed; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; **S** is often top-heavy, and the sloping form occurs at line-end. Corrections in small uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1665,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1665,"Script is a regular uncial with the letters generously spaced: the bow of A is pointed; the lower bow of B protrudes; S is often top-heavy, and the sloping form occurs at line-end. Corrections in small uncial.
","Origin uncertain, probably Italy. Used as fly-leaf in a ninth-century manuscript from a West German scriptorium. At the beginning of the fifteenth century this manuscript was in the possession of Magister Amplonius Ratinck who bequeathed his library to the Erfurt Collegium Amplonianum founded by him in 1412.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1665.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1665.jpg 1666,1288,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1191,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre in North-east France, if Boulogne 42 (47) and related manuscripts were correctly assigned to that region (see CLA [6.736](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141)). The fragments were used for binding purposes.",2,,,"Dioscurides Pedanius, De Materia Medica (2, 3, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67331",,"Erlangen fol. 4v ",,,"Script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule recalling somewhat the type of Boulogne 42 (47), St Gall 552 (CLA [6.736](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1141) and [7.942](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1404)), and [Utrecht 1003](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/319): **a** and **d** have two forms; initial **i** is occasionally prolonged below the line; ascenders and descenders are markedly long; suprascript **a** in ligature; **nt** ligature even in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used mostly for hard ti; the numeral **VI** occurs in the 𐌾-shaped ligature. The script was partly retraced, the text corrected, and many abbreviations modernized by a rough hand saec. XIII or XIV.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1666,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1666,"Script is a French pre-Caroline minuscule recalling somewhat the type of Boulogne 42 (47), St Gall 552 (CLA 6.736 and 7.942), and Utrecht 1003: a and d have two forms; initial i is occasionally prolonged below the line; ascenders and descenders are markedly long; suprascript a in ligature; nt ligature even in mid-word; ti ligature is used mostly for hard ti; the numeral VI occurs in the 𐌾-shaped ligature. The script was partly retraced, the text corrected, and many abbreviations modernized by a rough hand saec. XIII or XIV.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre in North-east France, if Boulogne 42 (47) and related manuscripts were correctly assigned to that region (see CLA 6.736). The fragments were used for binding purposes.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1666.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1666.jpg 1667,1289,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1192,"Written in North-east France or in West Germany. Was in North-west Germany by the tenth century when the Old-Saxon glosses were entered, and in the Essen convent of canonesses certainly by the thirteenth century, since the librarian's hand which occurs on fol. 2 is seen also in other Essen manuscripts.",,,,"Testamentum Novum. Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67333",,"fol. 90 ",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** has mostly the uncial form, but open **a** and **a** also are used; **d** has two forms; **i**-longa occurs; **N** is frequent; **z** has various forms, including the tall one characteristic of the a-z script; ligatures include **nt** (even in mid-word), **ti** ligature for hard ti. Uncial is used on foll. 30v and 31 for Christ's genealogy and on fol. 35v for the Lord's Prayer. Contemporary corrections. German names saec. IX and X on foll. 143, 175, 177. Numerous tenth-century Latin glosses interspersed with Old-Saxon.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1667,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1667,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands: a has mostly the uncial form, but open a and a also are used; d has two forms; i-longa occurs; N is frequent; z has various forms, including the tall one characteristic of the a-z script; ligatures include nt (even in mid-word), ti ligature for hard ti. Uncial is used on foll. 30v and 31 for Christ's genealogy and on fol. 35v for the Lord's Prayer. Contemporary corrections. German names saec. IX and X on foll. 143, 175, 177. Numerous tenth-century Latin glosses interspersed with Old-Saxon.
","Written in North-east France or in West Germany. Was in North-west Germany by the tenth century when the Old-Saxon glosses were entered, and in the Essen convent of canonesses certainly by the thirteenth century, since the librarian's hand which occurs on fol. 2 is seen also in other Essen manuscripts.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1667.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1667.jpg 1668,1290,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1193,"Written in the same centre as Munich CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA [9.1290](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785) and [9.1296](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791)) and probably at Murbach. The fragment formed the jacket for accounts of the Freiburg 'Gesellschaft zum Gauch' for the years 1592/93; the cancelled entry 'N°. 55' (saec. XVI) is seen on fol. 2v.",,,,"Pelagius, Expositio in Epistulas S Pauli (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67334",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of a type closely related to Munich CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA [9.1290](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785) and [9.1296](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791)): **a** and **d** have two forms, open **a** and **d** predominating; **y** is dotted; ascenders and descenders are long; the lower-left limb of **x** in the ligature **ex** has here and there an added knob to the left (also seen in [CLM 14082](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785)).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1281.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1668,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1668,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of a type closely related to Munich CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA 9.1290 and 9.1296): a and d have two forms, open a and d predominating; y is dotted; ascenders and descenders are long; the lower-left limb of x in the ligature ex has here and there an added knob to the left (also seen in CLM 14082).
","Written in the same centre as Munich CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA 9.1290 and 9.1296) and probably at Murbach. The fragment formed the jacket for accounts of the Freiburg 'Gesellschaft zum Gauch' for the years 1592/93; the cancelled entry 'N°. 55' (saec. XVI) is seen on fol. 2v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1281.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1668.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1668.jpg 1669,1291,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1194,"Written in North France and most likely in the convent of Chelles near Paris. The bifolium belonged to a collection of fragments formed by Fr K. Grieshaber. ",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (13.3–6, 18–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 67335",,"fol. 2 ",,http://dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de/diglit/hs483-7,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a characteristic type seen in the three volumes of Augustine at Cologne written by nuns (see CLA [8.1152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623); for other manuscripts in this type see CLA 6 p. xxii, and the newly discovered bifolium in Chalons-sur-Marne, Archives de la Marne 3 J 1): **a** has only one form; **y** is short and dotted. The uncial in chapter headings is a diluted example of the **N** type. Some tenth-century corrections, including the spiritus asper for missing **h**. The four bifolia containing parts of Isidore's Etymologiae (fragm. of Libb. 7, 12, 13) discovered in the bindings of Freiburg rent registers of 1608 in the Freiburg Stadtarchiv and mislaid since ca. 1925 are probably part of our manuscript, even though **L**. Sadée dated them 'saec. XI'. The missing leaves agree with our bifolium in size and number of lines, and the two bifolia containing Lib. 13.10–16 must be the third and fourth or central bifolia of our quire.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1280.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1669,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1669,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a characteristic type seen in the three volumes of Augustine at Cologne written by nuns (see CLA 8.1152; for other manuscripts in this type see CLA 6 p. xxii, and the newly discovered bifolium in Chalons-sur-Marne, Archives de la Marne 3 J 1): a has only one form; y is short and dotted. The uncial in chapter headings is a diluted example of the N type. Some tenth-century corrections, including the spiritus asper for missing h. The four bifolia containing parts of Isidore's Etymologiae (fragm. of Libb. 7, 12, 13) discovered in the bindings of Freiburg rent registers of 1608 in the Freiburg Stadtarchiv and mislaid since ca. 1925 are probably part of our manuscript, even though L. Sadée dated them 'saec. XI'. The missing leaves agree with our bifolium in size and number of lines, and the two bifolia containing Lib. 13.10–16 must be the third and fourth or central bifolia of our quire.
","Written in North France and most likely in the convent of Chelles near Paris. The bifolium belonged to a collection of fragments formed by Fr K. Grieshaber.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1280.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1669.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1669.jpg 1670,1293,"Uncial and Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,720,740,8,1195,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Echternach. Found in an old rent-roll of the monastery of Tholey near Trier by Mr H. Jonas of Saarbrucken, from whom the Freiburg University Library bought it in 1913.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vulgata, Lc, Argumentum et Capitula, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67336",,"foll. 1 and 2v ",,http://dl.ub.uni-freiburg.de/diglit/hss702,"Script of the argument on foll. 1–2 is an English uncial vaguely recalling the Northumbrian type: uncial **A** has a shallow oval bow; the two bows of **M** are almost closed; **S** is often top-heavy; the Anglo-Saxon forms of **Ᵹ**, **t**, **y** (with both branches curving to the right), and other letters occur in the uncial text; script of the capitula on fol. 2v is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **d**, **n**, and **r** have both majuscule and minuscule forms; **S** is regularly majuscule.","☛CLA date changed to follow N. Netzer, Cultural interplay in the eighth century (Cambridge 1994), p. 116.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1670,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1670,"Script of the argument on foll. 1–2 is an English uncial vaguely recalling the Northumbrian type: uncial A has a shallow oval bow; the two bows of M are almost closed; S is often top-heavy; the Anglo-Saxon forms of Ᵹ, t, y (with both branches curving to the right), and other letters occur in the uncial text; script of the capitula on fol. 2v is a bold Anglo-Saxon majuscule: d, n, and r have both majuscule and minuscule forms; S is regularly majuscule.
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Echternach. Found in an old rent-roll of the monastery of Tholey near Trier by Mr H. Jonas of Saarbrucken, from whom the Freiburg University Library bought it in 1913.
","☛CLA date changed to follow N. Netzer, Cultural interplay in the eighth century (Cambridge 1994), p. 116.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1670.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1670.jpg 1672,1294,Uncial,"VI med ",546,547,8,1196,"Written doubtless in South Italy and perhaps in Capua itself for Victor, bishop of Capua between 541 and 554. One of the subscriptions that places and dates our manuscript a milestone in palaeography reads on fol. 433: '†UICTOR FAMULUS XPI ET EIUS GRATIA EPISC CAPUAE LEGI UI· NON· MAI· D· IND· NONA QUINQ· PC BASILII ŪC CŌ'.",,,,"Testamentum Novum (Tatianus, Diatessaron). ",Parchment,"Victor Codex.",,"TM 67337",,"foll. 209 and 437 ",,http://fuldig.hs-fulda.de/viewer/image/PPN325289808/1/LOG_0000/,"Script is an excellent Italian uncial: the bow of **A** is small and oval-shaped; **S** is often distinctly top-heavy and at line-ends elongated and sloping; **Y** resembles **V** with a vertical hair-line below the line. The source-marks in the Epistulae ad Rom. et 1 ad Corinth, are in Rustic capital or sloping uncial. Lection notes in sloping uncial. Corrections in contemporary small sloping uncial with **R** almost half-uncial; some corrections in Insular uncial saec. VIII (fol. 239) or in Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the Fulda type saec. IX (fol. 223v, etc.). A few variae lectiones in a somewhat sloping uncial saec. VI. Numerous glosses in small Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule of the same type as found in St Petersburg Lat. Q. v. I. 15 and Oxford Douce 140 (CLA [2.237](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/556)) are seen on foll. 435v–441v; the most characteristic letters are flat-topped **g** and **e** in ligature having the lower bow reversed this may be the hand of Boniface himself, the patron saint of Fulda. Glosses scratched in with stylus in minuscule saec. VIII–IX and in Notae Tironianae are seen on many pages.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 21](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/032_tav021a.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1672,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672,"Script is an excellent Italian uncial: the bow of A is small and oval-shaped; S is often distinctly top-heavy and at line-ends elongated and sloping; Y resembles V with a vertical hair-line below the line. The source-marks in the Epistulae ad Rom. et 1 ad Corinth, are in Rustic capital or sloping uncial. Lection notes in sloping uncial. Corrections in contemporary small sloping uncial with R almost half-uncial; some corrections in Insular uncial saec. VIII (fol. 239) or in Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the Fulda type saec. IX (fol. 223v, etc.). A few variae lectiones in a somewhat sloping uncial saec. VI. Numerous glosses in small Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule of the same type as found in St Petersburg Lat. Q. v. I. 15 and Oxford Douce 140 (CLA 2.237) are seen on foll. 435v–441v; the most characteristic letters are flat-topped g and e in ligature having the lower bow reversed this may be the hand of Boniface himself, the patron saint of Fulda. Glosses scratched in with stylus in minuscule saec. VIII–IX and in Notae Tironianae are seen on many pages.
","Written doubtless in South Italy and perhaps in Capua itself for Victor, bishop of Capua between 541 and 554. One of the subscriptions that places and dates our manuscript a milestone in palaeography reads on fol. 433: '†UICTOR FAMULUS XPI ET EIUS GRATIA EPISC CAPUAE LEGI UI· NON· MAI· D· IND· NONA QUINQ· PC BASILII ŪC CŌ'.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 21.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1672.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1672.jpg 1673,1295,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,8,1197,"Written at Luxeuil or in a centre under its immediate influence. Ragyndrudis, at whose order apparently it was written, is probably to be identified with 'Raegenthryth filia Athuolfi’ mentioned in a letter of Archbishop Lull of Mainz (753–86) as a rich patroness of churches, but it is doubtful whether Athuolf should be regarded as the Aodulf named as possessor of our manuscript (cf. fol. 2v). According to tradition, this is the book with which Boniface tried to save himself when he was murdered; at least it shows two violent incisions in the upper and lower margins.",,,,"Leo Magnus, Epistulae (Ad Flavianum, Ad Theodorum); Cerealis De Castello, Contra Maximum Arrianum; Agnellus Ravennatis, Epistula de Ratione Fidei ad Arminium; Faustus Rhegiensis; Augustinus, De Fide; Gelasius, Decretum; Ambrosius, De Bono Mortis; Isidorus, Synonyma (Introd.).",Parchment,"Ragyndrudis Codex.",,"TM 67338",,"fol. 136v ",,,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule of the more advanced type, not unlike that of Munich CLM 290333 (CLA [9.1328](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1829)); for details on this type see CLA [5.579](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943); also CLA 6 p. xvi–xvii where other examples are enumerated. Some corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII. Numerous Anglo-Saxon vernacular glosses are scratched in. The entry 'Aodulf annuente dno adquisiui' in Anglo-Saxon uncial and minuscule saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2v . The important subscription 'in honore dni nostri ihu xpi ego ragyndrudis ordinaui librum istum' stands on fol. 143v in French uncial saec. VIII¹.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 3, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1673,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1673,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule of the more advanced type, not unlike that of Munich CLM 290333 (CLA 9.1328); for details on this type see CLA 5.579; also CLA 6 p. xvi–xvii where other examples are enumerated. Some corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII. Numerous Anglo-Saxon vernacular glosses are scratched in. The entry 'Aodulf annuente dno adquisiui' in Anglo-Saxon uncial and minuscule saec. VIII is seen on fol. 2v . The important subscription 'in honore dni nostri ihu xpi ego ragyndrudis ordinaui librum istum' stands on fol. 143v in French uncial saec. VIII¹.
","Written at Luxeuil or in a centre under its immediate influence. Ragyndrudis, at whose order apparently it was written, is probably to be identified with 'Raegenthryth filia Athuolfi’ mentioned in a letter of Archbishop Lull of Mainz (753–86) as a rich patroness of churches, but it is doubtful whether Athuolf should be regarded as the Aodulf named as possessor of our manuscript (cf. fol. 2v). According to tradition, this is the book with which Boniface tried to save himself when he was murdered; at least it shows two violent incisions in the upper and lower margins.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 3, dates to 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1673.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1673.jpg 1674,1296,"Irish Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1198,"Written, at least in part, by the Irish scribe Cadmug, but as early as the late ninth century believed to be an autograph of Boniface, who may have been the actual owner of the manuscript. Came to Fulda presumably after his death. According to the rest of the note on fol. 65v the manuscript was alienated from the monastery by King Arnulf (†899), but restored by him at the request of Abbot Huoggi (891–915).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 1.1–9.27, 11.25–28.20, Mc 1.1–10.1, 12.1–37, 14.1–16.20, Lc, Io 1.1–18.15, 19.27–21.25).",Parchment,"Cadmug Gospels.",,"TM 67339",,"Image shows the opening, foll. 19v-20, and fol. 32",,http://fuldig.hs-fulda.de/viewer/image/PPN325292043/1/,"Script is a small, rapid, uncalligraphic Irish minuscule with occasional cursive elements which become more numerous at the end of the Gospels. The subscription 'Dō gratias ago cadmug scribsit' stands at the end of the last Gospel on fol. 65. A few interlinear Old-Irish glosses occur. The entry 'ó emanuel' is seen in the upper margin of some leaves; the partly cut off probatio pennae 'omnium inimicor' in contemporary Irish minuscule stands on fol. 30v. The entry on fol. 65v in Caroline minuscule saec. IX–X in gold reads in part: ‘hoc evangelium scs bonifatius martyr dni gloriosus ut nobis seniorum relatione compertū ē propriis conscripsit manibus'.","☛B. van Regemorter, 'La reliure des manuscrits du S Cuthbert et de S Boniface' [Scriptorium 3 (1949) 45–51](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1949_num_3_1_2188).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1674,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1674,"Script is a small, rapid, uncalligraphic Irish minuscule with occasional cursive elements which become more numerous at the end of the Gospels. The subscription 'Dō gratias ago cadmug scribsit' stands at the end of the last Gospel on fol. 65. A few interlinear Old-Irish glosses occur. The entry 'ó emanuel' is seen in the upper margin of some leaves; the partly cut off probatio pennae 'omnium inimicor' in contemporary Irish minuscule stands on fol. 30v. The entry on fol. 65v in Caroline minuscule saec. IX–X in gold reads in part: ‘hoc evangelium scs bonifatius martyr dni gloriosus ut nobis seniorum relatione compertū ē propriis conscripsit manibus'.
","Written, at least in part, by the Irish scribe Cadmug, but as early as the late ninth century believed to be an autograph of Boniface, who may have been the actual owner of the manuscript. Came to Fulda presumably after his death. According to the rest of the note on fol. 65v the manuscript was alienated from the monastery by King Arnulf (†899), but restored by him at the request of Abbot Huoggi (891–915).
","☛B. van Regemorter, 'La reliure des manuscrits du S Cuthbert et de S Boniface' Scriptorium 3 (1949) 45–51.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1674.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1674.jpg 1675,1297,"Pre-Caroline, Caroline, and Cursive Minuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1199,"Written in a somewhat backward French scriptorium, probably in the Loire region as is suggested by the contents. Belonged later to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, certainly by the end of the fifteenth century as the typical chained binding and shelf-marks testify. Seen by Mabillon in 1683 at Weingarten, whence it came to Fulda in 1803.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici; Codex Theodosianus Novellae; Isidorus, Synonyma (2.32–37); Formulae Andegavenses (2.32–37).",Parchment,,,"TM 67340",,"foll. 14, 17v, and 121",,,"Script by several hands of various types: the main hand is a crude sloping minuscule with two forms of **a**, and **c** rising above the head-line; other hands write mixed debased uncial, or cursive recalling charter script; an addition in rapid charter-hand on fol. 14; Caroline minuscule is seen on foll. 17v and 77v. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 11.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1675,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1675,"Script by several hands of various types: the main hand is a crude sloping minuscule with two forms of a, and c rising above the head-line; other hands write mixed debased uncial, or cursive recalling charter script; an addition in rapid charter-hand on fol. 14; Caroline minuscule is seen on foll. 17v and 77v. Notae Tironianae occur on fol. 11.
","Written in a somewhat backward French scriptorium, probably in the Loire region as is suggested by the contents. Belonged later to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, certainly by the end of the fifteenth century as the typical chained binding and shelf-marks testify. Seen by Mabillon in 1683 at Weingarten, whence it came to Fulda in 1803.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1675.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1675.jpg 1678,1298,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1200,"Written presumably in Italy. Found at Schêkh 'Abâde near the ruins of Antinoë. Acquired by the Giessen Library in 1908. Disintegrated under water in 1945 after the destruction of the library in December 1944.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vetus Latina, Lc 23.2–6, 11–14, 24.5–9, 13–17, Gothice et Latine).",Parchment,,,"TM 61726",,"Image from the inner opening of the bifolium ",,,"The Latin script is uncial not of the oldest type: the eye of **E** is open and the hasta is almost in the middle; **M** is broad, with its middle stroke almost straight. The outside of the bifolium had numerous scribbles.","☛Formerly Giessen, Hochschulbibliothek 651/20. ☛Formerly Giessen, Universitätsbibliothek P. Giss. Bibl. 18.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1678,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1678,"The Latin script is uncial not of the oldest type: the eye of E is open and the hasta is almost in the middle; M is broad, with its middle stroke almost straight. The outside of the bifolium had numerous scribbles.
","Written presumably in Italy. Found at Schêkh 'Abâde near the ruins of Antinoë. Acquired by the Giessen Library in 1908. Disintegrated under water in 1945 after the destruction of the library in December 1944.
","☛Formerly Giessen, Hochschulbibliothek 651/20. ☛Formerly Giessen, Universitätsbibliothek P. Giss. Bibl. 18.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1678.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1678.jpg 1679,1299,"Mixed Rustic Capital",I,1,100,8,1201,"Origin uncertain. Bought in 1926 from traders at Mâdinet-el-Fayûm.",0,,,"Cicero, In Verrem (2.2–3.4).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59462",,"Image from the papyrological recto ",,http://bibd.uni-giessen.de/papyri/images/piand-inv210recto.jpg,"Script is rapid Rustic capital mixed with cursive elements, closely akin to the script of Paconius' letter to Macedo, Vienna Pap. L 1 (about 17–14 or 21–18 B.C.): the cursive forms of **B**, **D**, **H** (with the second and third strokes made without lifting the pen and forming an acute angle), and **R** are characteristic; **i**-longa occurs; the upper finials of **E**, **F**, and **S** and the tail of **Q** are sometimes abnormally long. The names of four slaves are entered on the verso in Roman cursive ca. saec. I or II.","☛Kuhlmann, P. Giss. Lit. pp. 77-83 no. 3.5. ☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine p. 173 pl. IV. 1. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 20.",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1679,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1679,"Script is rapid Rustic capital mixed with cursive elements, closely akin to the script of Paconius' letter to Macedo, Vienna Pap. L 1 (about 17–14 or 21–18 B.C.): the cursive forms of B, D, H (with the second and third strokes made without lifting the pen and forming an acute angle), and R are characteristic; i-longa occurs; the upper finials of E, F, and S and the tail of Q are sometimes abnormally long. The names of four slaves are entered on the verso in Roman cursive ca. saec. I or II.
","Origin uncertain. Bought in 1926 from traders at Mâdinet-el-Fayûm.
","☛Kuhlmann, P. Giss. Lit. pp. 77-83 no. 3.5. ☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine p. 173 pl. IV. 1. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1679.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1679.jpg 1680,1300,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1202,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, and doubtless in Germany. The Göttingen fragments were certainly in Germany by the year 1587, when they were used as a jacket for accounts: the entries 'Das 3. Quartall' and '1587 3' stand on fol. 1. They came into the possession of the Deutsches Seminar in 1890 from Prof. W. Muller's estate and have been on loan in the University Library since 1938. The Hersfeld leaves cover a seventeenth-century account book of a parish in the Hersfeld Fürstentum.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis (in 16–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67341",,"Image from Göttingen fol. 1",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and **Ᵹ** with a protruding chest; **a** has the open form or the normal closed form or the closed form with the shaft elongated and curved; subscript **i** here and there in ligature. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1404.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1680,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1680,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and Ᵹ with a protruding chest; a has the open form or the normal closed form or the closed form with the shaft elongated and curved; subscript i here and there in ligature. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, and doubtless in Germany. The Göttingen fragments were certainly in Germany by the year 1587, when they were used as a jacket for accounts: the entries 'Das 3. Quartall' and '1587 3' stand on fol. 1. They came into the possession of the Deutsches Seminar in 1890 from Prof. W. Muller's estate and have been on loan in the University Library since 1938. The Hersfeld leaves cover a seventeenth-century account book of a parish in the Hersfeld Fürstentum.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1404.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1680.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1680.jpg 1681,1301,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1203,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre doubtless on the Continent. The fragment was used for binding purposes.",,,,"Commentarius in Epistulas Pauli (1 Th, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67342",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a compressed type: **a** is regularly open; the third stroke of **m** goes below the line; descenders are unusually long and pointed.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1405.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1681,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1681,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a compressed type: a is regularly open; the third stroke of m goes below the line; descenders are unusually long and pointed.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre doubtless on the Continent. The fragment was used for binding purposes.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1405.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1681.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1681.jpg 1682,1302,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1204,"Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge from the script. Acquired at the Carlo Morbio sale in 1889.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ezechielem (14, in 45.10–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67343",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** is compressed and hangs above the base-line; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the first bow of **M** is often closed; the second upright of **N** is often comma-shaped; the top of **q** has a curious serif to the right; the lower-left limb of **X** extends far below the line; the descenders of **F**, **P**, **q** are unusually long and spike-shaped at the beginning of a word; **FF** and **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1682,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1682,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of A is compressed and hangs above the base-line; the lower bow of B protrudes; the first bow of M is often closed; the second upright of N is often comma-shaped; the top of q has a curious serif to the right; the lower-left limb of X extends far below the line; the descenders of F, P, q are unusually long and spike-shaped at the beginning of a word; FF and LL run together.
","Written in Italy and probably in the North, to judge from the script. Acquired at the Carlo Morbio sale in 1889.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1682.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1682.jpg 1683,1303,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1205,"Origin uncertain, manifestly an Anglo-Saxon centre with high calligraphic standards. Belonged probably to Murbach. Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between the years 1795 and 1802.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 67344",,"foll. 47v and (two specimens) 51v ",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **d** and **n** are regularly minuscule, **R** and **S** mostly majuscule; **y** has both branches curving to the right; letters vary considerably in size. Corrections by various contemporary hands in Anglo-Saxon majuscule, compressed majuscule, or pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A correction saec. VIII–IX on fol. 221 is in minuscule of the type common in the Lake Constance region.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1683,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1683,"Script is a somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: d and n are regularly minuscule, R and S mostly majuscule; y has both branches curving to the right; letters vary considerably in size. Corrections by various contemporary hands in Anglo-Saxon majuscule, compressed majuscule, or pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. A correction saec. VIII–IX on fol. 221 is in minuscule of the type common in the Lake Constance region.
","Origin uncertain, manifestly an Anglo-Saxon centre with high calligraphic standards. Belonged probably to Murbach. Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between the years 1795 and 1802.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1683.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1683.jpg 1684,1304,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1206,"Written in South England or possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Was probably at Murbach and bound up with the Aldhelm part already in the early ninth century, to judge by the Sedulius matter ('Versus Bellesarii scolastici', etc.) in South German minuscule saec. IX in. on foll. 23 ff. Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between the years 1795 and 1802.",,,,"Sedulius, Carmen Paschale; Alcuinus, Opus Incertum? ",Parchment,,,"TM 67345",,"foll. 10 and 22 ",,,"Script is diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the South-English type, with strong admixture of majuscule elements: uncial **𐌾**, **L**, **M**, **N**, **S**, **T**, **U** occur fairly frequently; **u** is sometimes suprascript and cup-shaped; numerous ligatures with **e**, also **ia**, **tio**; **Ᵹ** in the ligature **gn** resembles an elongated s. First words or letters of verses and quotations in the chapter-tables in mixed capital and uncial. Three rhythmical poems from the circle of Alcuin were entered on foll. 20v–22v in rapid Caroline minuscule showing Anglo-Saxon influence saec. VIII–IX. South German minuscule saec. IX in. (for an Accessus to Sedulius) is seen on fol. 20.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1420a.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1684,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1684,"Script is diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the South-English type, with strong admixture of majuscule elements: uncial 𐌾, L, M, N, S, T, U occur fairly frequently; u is sometimes suprascript and cup-shaped; numerous ligatures with e, also ia, tio; Ᵹ in the ligature gn resembles an elongated s. First words or letters of verses and quotations in the chapter-tables in mixed capital and uncial. Three rhythmical poems from the circle of Alcuin were entered on foll. 20v–22v in rapid Caroline minuscule showing Anglo-Saxon influence saec. VIII–IX. South German minuscule saec. IX in. (for an Accessus to Sedulius) is seen on fol. 20.
","Written in South England or possibly in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. Was probably at Murbach and bound up with the Aldhelm part already in the early ninth century, to judge by the Sedulius matter ('Versus Bellesarii scolastici', etc.) in South German minuscule saec. IX in. on foll. 23 ff. Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between the years 1795 and 1802.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1420a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1684.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1684.jpg 1685,1305,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1207,"Written probably in the same Anglo-Saxon scriptorium which produced the Reichenau grammatical fragments dealt with in CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591), presumably on the Continent.",,,,"Aldhelmus, De Laudibus Virginitatis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67346",,"foll. 34v and 51 ",,,"Script is partly a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the South English type, with long descenders and **Ᵹ** with the protruding chest, and partly a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule which changes completely to minuscule and uses an Arabic flat-topped 3 for **g**; this debased though characteristic type is strongly reminiscent of some of the hands in the grammatical fragments from Reichenau, but certainly not written there (cf. CLA [8.1124](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1591), [8.1125](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1592), [8.1126](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1593), [8.1127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1595), and [8.1129](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1598)). Corrections partly in contemporary compressed Insular majuscule, partly in Caroline minuscule saec. IX. Poems in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX and IX are seen on foll. 23–25v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1420b.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1685,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1685,"Script is partly a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the South English type, with long descenders and Ᵹ with the protruding chest, and partly a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule which changes completely to minuscule and uses an Arabic flat-topped 3 for g; this debased though characteristic type is strongly reminiscent of some of the hands in the grammatical fragments from Reichenau, but certainly not written there (cf. CLA 8.1124, 8.1125, 8.1126, 8.1127, and 8.1129). Corrections partly in contemporary compressed Insular majuscule, partly in Caroline minuscule saec. IX. Poems in Caroline minuscule saec. VIII–IX and IX are seen on foll. 23–25v.
","Written probably in the same Anglo-Saxon scriptorium which produced the Reichenau grammatical fragments dealt with in CLA 8.1124, presumably on the Continent.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1420b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1685.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1685.jpg 1687,1306,Half-Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,8,1208,"Written in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence which also produced the half-uncial MSS Paris Lat. 2110, 2706, and 12207 (CLA [5.541](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/900), [547](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/907), [634](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1010)), and possibly also Latin 152 (foll. 1–8) and 17654 (CLA [522](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878), [670](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)). Was at Murbach at latest by the fifteenth century; an entry in the well-known hand of Peter of Andlau stands on fol. 70. Acquired by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard.",,,,"Victorius, Canon Paschalis; Canones Apostolorum (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67347",,"fol. 108v ",,,"Script is an angular half-uncial of a distinct type: the tail of **𐌾** turns to the right; the top-strokes of **t** and **z** have a tendency to loop at the left; the scribe's run-overs and corrections are in smaller script. The heavy uncial used for headings shows close affinity to the script of Paris MSS Lat. 152 (foll. 1–8) and 17654 (CLA [5.522](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/878), [5.670](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1055)): the bow of **A** is oval; **N** has a thick cross-stroke; **P** is squarish; the bow of **R** is angular. Entries in eighth-century Merovingian cursive on foll. 77v and 89v. The Notae Tironianae for 'usque hic' on fol. 89.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1687,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1687,"Script is an angular half-uncial of a distinct type: the tail of 𐌾 turns to the right; the top-strokes of t and z have a tendency to loop at the left; the scribe's run-overs and corrections are in smaller script. The heavy uncial used for headings shows close affinity to the script of Paris MSS Lat. 152 (foll. 1–8) and 17654 (CLA 5.522, 5.670): the bow of A is oval; N has a thick cross-stroke; P is squarish; the bow of R is angular. Entries in eighth-century Merovingian cursive on foll. 77v and 89v. The Notae Tironianae for 'usque hic' on fol. 89.
","Written in East France in a centre under Anglo-Saxon influence which also produced the half-uncial MSS Paris Lat. 2110, 2706, and 12207 (CLA 5.541, 547, 634), and possibly also Latin 152 (foll. 1–8) and 17654 (CLA 522, 670). Was at Murbach at latest by the fifteenth century; an entry in the well-known hand of Peter of Andlau stands on fol. 70. Acquired by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1687.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1687.jpg 1688,1309,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1209,"Written doubtless in the Rhenish area, probably in Alsatia, to judge by the script. Belonged to Murbach in the fifteenth century, as is shown by the familiar entry on fol. 112v: 'Orate p reu'endo' (the continuation is erased). Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between 1795 and 1802.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Murbacensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67348",,"fol. 107v ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule recalling Weissenburg hands, with three forms of **a** and two of **d**; majuscule **N** occurs; numerous ligatures; **a** in ligature occurs suprascript as in pre-Caroline and subscript as in Insular. An attempt at half-uncial is seen in some subscriptions and dates (foll. 44 ff.).",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1688,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1688,"Script is early Caroline minuscule recalling Weissenburg hands, with three forms of a and two of d; majuscule N occurs; numerous ligatures; a in ligature occurs suprascript as in pre-Caroline and subscript as in Insular. An attempt at half-uncial is seen in some subscriptions and dates (foll. 44 ff.).
","Written doubtless in the Rhenish area, probably in Alsatia, to judge by the script. Belonged to Murbach in the fifteenth century, as is shown by the familiar entry on fol. 112v: 'Orate p reu'endo' (the continuation is erased). Bought by Duke Ernest II (†1804) of Gotha-Altenburg from J. B. Maugérard between 1795 and 1802.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1688.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1688.jpg 1689,1310,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1210,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, most likely on the Continent and quite likely in one such as Fulda: an 'Ars Juliani episcopi Toletani' is recorded in a sixteenth-century catalogue of the Fulda library. The fragment was used for book-binding purposes.",,,,"Iulianus Toletanus, Ars Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67349",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type recalling the Wolfenbüttel Capitularia from Fulda (CLA [9.1381](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1884)): uncial **ꝺ** here and there; **g** has two forms, either like an elongated numeral 3 or with a protruding chest; **i**-longa occurs; occasionally majuscule **N**; descenders go well below the line.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1425. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1689,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1689,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type recalling the Wolfenbüttel Capitularia from Fulda (CLA 9.1381): uncial ꝺ here and there; g has two forms, either like an elongated numeral 3 or with a protruding chest; i-longa occurs; occasionally majuscule N; descenders go well below the line.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, most likely on the Continent and quite likely in one such as Fulda: an 'Ars Juliani episcopi Toletani' is recorded in a sixteenth-century catalogue of the Fulda library. The fragment was used for book-binding purposes.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1425.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1689.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1689.jpg 1690,1311,Half-Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,8,1211,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Found in the binding of Halberstadt MS 22, a medical miscellany saec. XIV containing lecture notes from Montpellier, etc.",,,,"Ps- Apuleius, De Herbis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67350",,"fol. 1v (Dold)",,,"Script is half-uncial slightly reminiscent of Verona 33 (31) (CLA [4.492](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/840)): **a** is open; **g** is regularly uncial, other letters like **d** occasionally; **y** is short and dotted. The names of the plants illustrated were added in the late thirteenth century.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1690,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1690,"Script is half-uncial slightly reminiscent of Verona 33 (31) (CLA 4.492): a is open; g is regularly uncial, other letters like d occasionally; y is short and dotted. The names of the plants illustrated were added in the late thirteenth century.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Found in the binding of Halberstadt MS 22, a medical miscellany saec. XIV containing lecture notes from Montpellier, etc.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1690.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1690.jpg 1691,1312,Half-Uncial,V²,438,550,8,1212,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Written over with Ps- Apuleius De herbis ca. 700. ",,,,"Codex Theodosianus (12.1.179–182, 14.3.22–4.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67351",,"fol. 2 (Dold) ",,,"Script is half-uncial of an early type: there is a certain irregularity in the proportion of letters; the first upright of **N** goes below the line; the uncial ligatures of **NS** and **UR** occur at line-end. Marginal entries in sixth-century cursive referring to paragraphs of the Justinian Code are barely decipherable.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1691,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1691,"Script is half-uncial of an early type: there is a certain irregularity in the proportion of letters; the first upright of N goes below the line; the uncial ligatures of NS and UR occur at line-end. Marginal entries in sixth-century cursive referring to paragraphs of the Justinian Code are barely decipherable.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by the script. Written over with Ps- Apuleius De herbis ca. 700.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1691.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1691.jpg 1692,1313,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,8,1213,"Written presumably in England. The thirteenth-century theological manuscript in whose binding our fragment was used had the following entry on fol. 72v: 'Iste liber est fris Iohis de ezselinga ordinis frm minorum' (saec. XIII–XIV). Belonged to Friedrich Gottlieb Julius von Bülow (†1816) whose library was sold in 1836. Destroyed or lost in World War II.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vulgata, Mc 3.18–21, 26–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 67352",,"Image from the legible side ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule with **ꝺ** and **S** mostly majuscule, **n** and **r** regularly minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1692,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1692,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon majuscule with ꝺ and S mostly majuscule, n and r regularly minuscule.
","Written presumably in England. The thirteenth-century theological manuscript in whose binding our fragment was used had the following entry on fol. 72v: 'Iste liber est fris Iohis de ezselinga ordinis frm minorum' (saec. XIII–XIV). Belonged to Friedrich Gottlieb Julius von Bülow (†1816) whose library was sold in 1836. Destroyed or lost in World War II.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1692.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1692.jpg 1693,1314,"Rustic Capital",I,1,100,8,1214,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.",0,,,"Declamatio Rhetorica.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63824",,"Image from the papyrological recto ",,,"Script is Rustic capital of an ancient type, with the shaded strokes broad: the left leg of **A** is mostly a simple straight line without the usual base-stroke; **G** has either a short tail or none at all; the tail of **Q** is rather long and runs from left to right, as in ancient cursive; **S** is slim. The papyrological verso contains a Latin letter of recommendation.","☛CLA date changed from saec. II–III to follow S Ammirati, *Scripta* 3 (2010), p. 37–38. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 3 (date I ex). ☛ChLA 11.493. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 65. ☛=P. Hamb. 2 167. ",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1693,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1693,"Script is Rustic capital of an ancient type, with the shaded strokes broad: the left leg of A is mostly a simple straight line without the usual base-stroke; G has either a short tail or none at all; the tail of Q is rather long and runs from left to right, as in ancient cursive; S is slim. The papyrological verso contains a Latin letter of recommendation.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. II–III to follow S Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 37–38. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 3 (date I ex). ☛ChLA 11.493. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 65. ☛=P. Hamb. 2 167.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1693.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1693.jpg 1694,1315,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII in",704,722,8,1215,"Written probably at Echternach, to judge by the script, and apparently for Laurentius, perhaps the scribe of Paris Lat. 10837, foll. 2–33 (CLA [5.605](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/974)) and of Echternach charters dated 704–711; the acrostic and telestich of the verses on fol. 157v run: 'Laurentius uiuat senio'. Towards the end of the tenth century the manuscript was decorated by the famous master of the Registrum Gregorii. Was in the hands of J. B. Maugérard apparently between 1785 and 1790. The entry 'Ex libris A. Gaertler a. 1809' stands on fol. 159. Later purchased by Prince Ludwig of Öttingen.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67353",,"fol. 5 ",,,"Script is beautiful, regular Anglo-Saxon majuscule closely resembling that of Willibrord's Calendar (CLA [5.606a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/975)): uncial **A** with a triangular thorn-like bow occurs here and there; **e** is closely joined to the following letter; **d** and **n** are mostly minuscule, **r** regularly so; **s** has both uncial and minuscule forms; **u** is v-shaped at line-end; some ligatures, including **fi**, **mo**, **os**, occur at line-ends; the poem addressed to Laurentius (fol. 157v) is in a compressed majuscule verging on minuscule. Greek **ψ** occurs in a marginal reference on fol. 19: 'in ψal (= psalmo) XC'. A rectangular pattern repeating the words 'evangelia veritatis’ is seen on fol. 2. Corrections in small Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII and ordinary minuscule saec. XI. Numerous Anglo-Saxon glosses incised in Anglo-Saxon minuscule show Continental influence. An added title in Rustic capitals on fol. 83 is in gold, another on fol. 123v is in silver. To the dignified simplicity of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels the Ottoman master of the Registrum Gregorii added miniatures of the Evangelists on inserted sheets. Only the portrait of St Mark survives and it still shows the offset of the initial group IN(itium); it is now MS 25 in the library of the Archiepiscopal Seminary at St Peter in the Black Forest.","☛CLA date (VIII¹) changed to follow Neitzer, Cultural Interplay in the eighth century. The Trier gospels and the making of a scriptorium at Echternach, Cambridge 1994, p. 115–6. ☛Formerly Harburg, Fürstlich Oettingen-Wallersteinsche Bibliothek I 2 4° 2.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1694,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1694,"Script is beautiful, regular Anglo-Saxon majuscule closely resembling that of Willibrord's Calendar (CLA 5.606a): uncial A with a triangular thorn-like bow occurs here and there; e is closely joined to the following letter; d and n are mostly minuscule, r regularly so; s has both uncial and minuscule forms; u is v-shaped at line-end; some ligatures, including fi, mo, os, occur at line-ends; the poem addressed to Laurentius (fol. 157v) is in a compressed majuscule verging on minuscule. Greek ψ occurs in a marginal reference on fol. 19: 'in ψal (= psalmo) XC'. A rectangular pattern repeating the words 'evangelia veritatis’ is seen on fol. 2. Corrections in small Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII and ordinary minuscule saec. XI. Numerous Anglo-Saxon glosses incised in Anglo-Saxon minuscule show Continental influence. An added title in Rustic capitals on fol. 83 is in gold, another on fol. 123v is in silver. To the dignified simplicity of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels the Ottoman master of the Registrum Gregorii added miniatures of the Evangelists on inserted sheets. Only the portrait of St Mark survives and it still shows the offset of the initial group IN(itium); it is now MS 25 in the library of the Archiepiscopal Seminary at St Peter in the Black Forest.
","Written probably at Echternach, to judge by the script, and apparently for Laurentius, perhaps the scribe of Paris Lat. 10837, foll. 2–33 (CLA 5.605) and of Echternach charters dated 704–711; the acrostic and telestich of the verses on fol. 157v run: 'Laurentius uiuat senio'. Towards the end of the tenth century the manuscript was decorated by the famous master of the Registrum Gregorii. Was in the hands of J. B. Maugérard apparently between 1785 and 1790. The entry 'Ex libris A. Gaertler a. 1809' stands on fol. 159. Later purchased by Prince Ludwig of Öttingen.
","☛CLA date (VIII¹) changed to follow Neitzer, Cultural Interplay in the eighth century. The Trier gospels and the making of a scriptorium at Echternach, Cambridge 1994, p. 115–6. ☛Formerly Harburg, Fürstlich Oettingen-Wallersteinsche Bibliothek I 2 4° 2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1694.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1694.jpg 1695,1316,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1216,"Written in South Bavaria, presumably in the circle of the calligrapher Dominicus of Tegernsee or even by Dominicus himself. Rewritten with a theological treatise towards the end of the twelfth century. Belonged to the monastery of St Mang at Füssen, whose seventeenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to Maihingen after the dissolution of the monastery in 1803.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67354",,"fol. 110 ",,,"Script is roundish and graceful early Caroline minuscule closely resembling that used by Dominicus, the scribe of Munich CLM 18092 (CLA [9.1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)): **a** has two forms; the shaft of **q** is swung; the eye of **e** in ligatures is open.","☛Formerly Harburg, Fürstlich Oettingen-Wallersteinsche Bibliothek I 2 8° 10.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1695,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1695,"Script is roundish and graceful early Caroline minuscule closely resembling that used by Dominicus, the scribe of Munich CLM 18092 (CLA 9.1315): a has two forms; the shaft of q is swung; the eye of e in ligatures is open.
","Written in South Bavaria, presumably in the circle of the calligrapher Dominicus of Tegernsee or even by Dominicus himself. Rewritten with a theological treatise towards the end of the twelfth century. Belonged to the monastery of St Mang at Füssen, whose seventeenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1. Came to Maihingen after the dissolution of the monastery in 1803.
","☛Formerly Harburg, Fürstlich Oettingen-Wallersteinsche Bibliothek I 2 8° 10.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1695.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1695.jpg 1696,1317,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,8,1217,"Written in Southeast Germany, perhaps in the Freising area, to judge from its palaeography.",,,,"Comes Duplex.",Parchment,,,"TM 67355",,"Image from a Heidelberg recto",,,"Script is calligraphic roundish minuscule apparently of Bavarian type: **a** has two forms; **r** goes slightly below the line.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1024.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1696,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1696,"Script is calligraphic roundish minuscule apparently of Bavarian type: a has two forms; r goes slightly below the line.
","Written in Southeast Germany, perhaps in the Freising area, to judge from its palaeography.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1024.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1696.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1696.jpg 1697,1318,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1218,"Written apparently in the Byzantine part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt. Acquired from the Papyruskartell in 1914.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 65039",,"Image shows two of the fragments",,,"Script is uncial in a somewhat diluted stage of the Eastern type seen in the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and kindred manuscripts, but distinctly inferior: the bow of **A** approaches a vertical oval; **B** and **S** are tall; the bow of **h** is low; the base of **L** goes obliquely below the line; the last stroke of **R** is almost horizontal.","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. Lat. 317.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1697,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1697,"Script is uncial in a somewhat diluted stage of the Eastern type seen in the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and kindred manuscripts, but distinctly inferior: the bow of A approaches a vertical oval; B and S are tall; the bow of h is low; the base of L goes obliquely below the line; the last stroke of R is almost horizontal.
","Written apparently in the Byzantine part of the Roman Empire. Found in Egypt. Acquired from the Papyruskartell in 1914.
","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. Lat. 317.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1697.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1697.jpg 1698,1319,"Rustic Capital",III,201,300,8,1219,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.",0,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 67356",,"Entire fragment is shown ",,,"Script is an expert Rustic capital with marked distinction between fine and shaded strokes: the form of **N** is noteworthy; **U** has the uncial form.","☛CLA date changed from saec. IV to follow S Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 61. ☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. Lat. 1000.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1698,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1698,"Script is an expert Rustic capital with marked distinction between fine and shaded strokes: the form of N is noteworthy; U has the uncial form.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.
","☛CLA date changed from saec. IV to follow S Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 61. ☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. Lat. 1000.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1698.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1698.jpg 1699,1320,"Rustic Capital",I,1,100,8,1220,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.",0,,,"Fragmentum Opsartyticum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 109284",,"Entire fragm. a shown",,http://www.rzuser.uni-heidelberg.de/~gv0/Papyri/Verstreutes/BilaOps/BilaOps.html,"Script is an expert Rustic capital: **D** often has almost the uncial form; the form of **Q** with its long tail is noteworthy.","☛CLA date changed to from saec. III to follow S Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 38.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1699,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1699,"Script is an expert Rustic capital: D often has almost the uncial form; the form of Q with its long tail is noteworthy.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt.
","☛CLA date changed to from saec. III to follow S Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 38.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1699.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1699.jpg 1700,1321,Uncial,VI,501,600,8,1221,"Written in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, possibly in Byzantium to judge by the script. Found in Egypt.",,,,"Iustiniani Digesta (5.2.16–19, Greek scholia).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61413",,"Both recto and verso are shown",,,"Script is a distinctive type of uncial seen in the Florentine and Pommersfelden Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627) and [9.1351](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1852)) and other legal manuscripts: **B** is tall and its lower bow protrudes; the bow of **R** descends to the base-line and its last stroke is almost horizontal. Greek scholia were added apparently by two scribes.","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. G. 1272.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1700,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1700,"Script is a distinctive type of uncial seen in the Florentine and Pommersfelden Digests (CLA 3.295 and 9.1351) and other legal manuscripts: B is tall and its lower bow protrudes; the bow of R descends to the base-line and its last stroke is almost horizontal. Greek scholia were added apparently by two scribes.
","Written in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, possibly in Byzantium to judge by the script. Found in Egypt.
","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie P. G. 1272.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1700.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1700.jpg 1701,1322,Majuscule,"V ex vel V–VI",475,525,8,1222,"Origin uncertain. Bought for Heidelberg by Carl Schmidt at Cairo in 1937. Stolen or destroyed in 1945.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps 20).",Papyrus,,,"TM 63029",,"No facsimile is known to exist ",,,"The script is late and debased majuscule saec. V ex. or V–VI (teste Karl Preisendanz).","☛R. W. Daniel and F. Maltomini, Suppl. Mag. 1 36. ☛K. Preisendanz, Forschungen und Fortschritte 16 (1940), p. 409. ☛R. W. Daniel and F. Maltomini, 'From the African Psalter and Liturgy' [ZPE 74 (1988) 253–65](http://www.uni-koeln.de/phil-fak/ifa/zpe/downloads/1988/074pdf/074253.pdf). ☛Cavenaile CPL 316. ☛Amulet found together with Suppl. Mag. 1 32.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1701,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1701,"The script is late and debased majuscule saec. V ex. or V–VI (teste Karl Preisendanz).
","Origin uncertain. Bought for Heidelberg by Carl Schmidt at Cairo in 1937. Stolen or destroyed in 1945.
","☛R. W. Daniel and F. Maltomini, Suppl. Mag. 1 36. ☛K. Preisendanz, Forschungen und Fortschritte 16 (1940), p. 409. ☛R. W. Daniel and F. Maltomini, 'From the African Psalter and Liturgy' ZPE 74 (1988) 253–65. ☛Cavenaile CPL 316. ☛Amulet found together with Suppl. Mag. 1 32.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1701.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1701.jpg 1702,1323,Uncial,VII,601,700,8,1223,"Written probably in Italy. Later history unknown. The fragment was used for book-binding purposes. The title 'Anonymi Index Biblicus' runs between the columns of the recto (saec. XVII).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vetus Latina, Rm 5.14–6.2 passim).",Parchment,,,"TM 67357",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is an expert uncial not of the old type: the lower bow of **B** protrudes; **𐌾** has a thin tail descending straight; **L** is tall; **M** and **U** are broad; some horizontals and some upper curves have forked finials; the script shows on the whole a marked similarity to the Cambridge Iuvencus (CLA [2.127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/440); cf. CLA 6, p. x), which, however, is more advanced.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1702,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1702,"Script is an expert uncial not of the old type: the lower bow of B protrudes; 𐌾 has a thin tail descending straight; L is tall; M and U are broad; some horizontals and some upper curves have forked finials; the script shows on the whole a marked similarity to the Cambridge Iuvencus (CLA 2.127; cf. CLA 6, p. x), which, however, is more advanced.
","Written probably in Italy. Later history unknown. The fragment was used for book-binding purposes. The title 'Anonymi Index Biblicus' runs between the columns of the recto (saec. XVII).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1702.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1702.jpg 1703,1324,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,8,1224,"Written in a German scriptorium in the Main region. Belonged to the Mainz Cathedral Library, as is attested by the well-known entry 'iste liber pertinet ad librariam sancti Martini ecclesie Maguntin. M(acarius) Sindicus subscripsit 1479' (fol. 1). Migrated to Rome in 1622, and from there to Paris during the Napoleonic wars. Restored to Heidelberg after the Vienna treaty in 1815. Perished in 1880 with three other Iordanes manuscripts in the fire in Theodor Mommsen's house. No exact facsimile exists. The hand-drawn picture which was reproduced from Wilken is against the assumption that the Lausanne fragment formed part of our manuscript.",,,,"Iordanes, Romana, Getica (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67358",,"No exact facsimile exists. This hand-drawn picture, reproduced from Wilken is against the assumption that the Lausanne fragment formed part of our manuscript",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type practised on the Continent, with rather long descenders, including those of **r** and **s**. An Old High German gloss occurs.","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie Palat. Lat. 921. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1516.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1703,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1703,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type practised on the Continent, with rather long descenders, including those of r and s. An Old High German gloss occurs.
","Written in a German scriptorium in the Main region. Belonged to the Mainz Cathedral Library, as is attested by the well-known entry 'iste liber pertinet ad librariam sancti Martini ecclesie Maguntin. M(acarius) Sindicus subscripsit 1479' (fol. 1). Migrated to Rome in 1622, and from there to Paris during the Napoleonic wars. Restored to Heidelberg after the Vienna treaty in 1815. Perished in 1880 with three other Iordanes manuscripts in the fire in Theodor Mommsen's house. No exact facsimile exists. The hand-drawn picture which was reproduced from Wilken is against the assumption that the Lausanne fragment formed part of our manuscript.
","☛Formerly Heidelberg, Institut für Papyrologie Palat. Lat. 921. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1516.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1703.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1703.jpg 1704,1325,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1225,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly at Hersfeld. The fragments were used at Hersfeld for binding accounts; the date '1574' is entered twice on Stadtarchiv fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (7.1.13–24, 2.13–30, 12.2.12–21, 4.17–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 67359",,"Stadtarchiv fol. 2 ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a Germanic type: **a** occurs in both open and closed forms; **ꝺ** is uncial; **Ᵹ** is long and has a pointed chest; a broad form of majuscule **N** occurs.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1525.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1704,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1704,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a Germanic type: a occurs in both open and closed forms; ꝺ is uncial; Ᵹ is long and has a pointed chest; a broad form of majuscule N occurs.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, possibly at Hersfeld. The fragments were used at Hersfeld for binding accounts; the date '1574' is entered twice on Stadtarchiv fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1525.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1704.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1704.jpg 1705,1326,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² ",751,800,8,1226,"Written probably in Northumbria, but an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany is not to be excluded. Belonged apparently to the Hersfeld abbey library; both fragments were used in 1589 for binding records of the Hersfeld hospital.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, 2 Par 13.6–21, 15.1–16.14, 17.17–18.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67360",,"Image from MS. XVII, fol. 1 ",,,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a well-trained scribe: **ꝺ** and **d**, **S** and **ꞅ**, **n** regularly minuscule, **r** mostly; noteworthy are the round form of **a**, which predominates, **g** occasionally resembling a flat-topped, elongated numeral 3, open **q** at the beginning of words, and **y** with both branches curving to the right; numerous ligatures.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1705,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1705,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a well-trained scribe: ꝺ and d, S and ꞅ, n regularly minuscule, r mostly; noteworthy are the round form of a, which predominates, g occasionally resembling a flat-topped, elongated numeral 3, open q at the beginning of words, and y with both branches curving to the right; numerous ligatures.
","Written probably in Northumbria, but an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany is not to be excluded. Belonged apparently to the Hersfeld abbey library; both fragments were used in 1589 for binding records of the Hersfeld hospital.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1705.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1705.jpg 1706,1327,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,8,1227,"Written by the same Irish scribe as the Würzburg grammatical fragments (CLA [9.1399](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1903)). Provenance unknown. Was used for a binding in the seventeenth century, as is shown by the entry '1628' on fol. 2. The fragment subsequently belonged to Paul Wigand, Georg Gundermann, and Georg Goetz (†1932). The Charisius fragment recorded in the Giessen University Library in 1842, since lost, may have been part of our manuscript.",,,,"Charisius, Ars Grammatica (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67361",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is an extremely pointed Irish minuscule by the expert scribe who wrote the Würzburg grammatical fragments (CLA [9.1399](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1903)): the uprights of **h** (even in **fr**), **f**, **p**, **ꞅ**, and majuscule **i** have a curious, characteristic break; final **ꞅ** is occasionally tall as in Continental script; **e** in ligatures often has the lower bow reversed. Glosses over some Greek words in tiny minuscule by the original scribe include one word in Irish vernacular.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1706,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1706,"Script is an extremely pointed Irish minuscule by the expert scribe who wrote the Würzburg grammatical fragments (CLA 9.1399): the uprights of h (even in fr), f, p, ꞅ, and majuscule i have a curious, characteristic break; final ꞅ is occasionally tall as in Continental script; e in ligatures often has the lower bow reversed. Glosses over some Greek words in tiny minuscule by the original scribe include one word in Irish vernacular.
","Written by the same Irish scribe as the Würzburg grammatical fragments (CLA 9.1399). Provenance unknown. Was used for a binding in the seventeenth century, as is shown by the entry '1628' on fol. 2. The fragment subsequently belonged to Paul Wigand, Georg Gundermann, and Georg Goetz (†1932). The Charisius fragment recorded in the Giessen University Library in 1842, since lost, may have been part of our manuscript.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1706.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1706.jpg 1707,1328,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,8,1228,"Written doubtless at Freising. Later at Metlach near Trier: the ex-libris 'Codex monasterii sci Lutwi(ni) epi tr(evirensis) I mediolac.' (saec. XV) and the shelf-mark 'L 8' (over erased P. 6') stand on fol. 1.",,,,"Virgilius Salisburgensis, Cosmographia Aethici Histri.",Parchment,,,"TM 67362",,"foll. 20v and 21 ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule closely resembling that of Munich CLM 6282 and 6299 (foll. 86 ff.), both from Freising (CLA [9.1260](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1748) and [9.1265](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754)): **a** and **d** occur in two forms, with open **a** and **d** predominating; ligatures are numerous, including **h** and **n** with subscript **i**; also **nt** in mid-word. Script space on the penultimate page forms a triangle a trick affected by some Freising scribes. Corrections in tenth-century minuscule. This manuscript is the oldest extant copy of this curious work, made probably in the lifetime of Virgilius (†784) and under Bishop Arbeo of Freising (†784), a friend of the author.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1707,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1707,"Script is early Caroline minuscule closely resembling that of Munich CLM 6282 and 6299 (foll. 86 ff.), both from Freising (CLA 9.1260 and 9.1265): a and d occur in two forms, with open a and d predominating; ligatures are numerous, including h and n with subscript i; also nt in mid-word. Script space on the penultimate page forms a triangle a trick affected by some Freising scribes. Corrections in tenth-century minuscule. This manuscript is the oldest extant copy of this curious work, made probably in the lifetime of Virgilius (†784) and under Bishop Arbeo of Freising (†784), a friend of the author.
","Written doubtless at Freising. Later at Metlach near Trier: the ex-libris 'Codex monasterii sci Lutwi(ni) epi tr(evirensis) I mediolac.' (saec. XV) and the shelf-mark 'L 8' (over erased P. 6') stand on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1707.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1707.jpg 1708,1329,"No Script",VIII,701,800,8,1229,"Origin doubtless England, and probably Northumbria.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt).",Parchment,,,"TM 67363",,"fig. 11 ",,,"One leaf containing on one side the decoration of a canon table with double arcade under the main arch. No script.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1708,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1708,"One leaf containing on one side the decoration of a canon table with double arcade under the main arch. No script.
","Origin doubtless England, and probably Northumbria.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/8/1708.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/8/1708.jpg 1709,1435,"Irish Minuscule and Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,**144,"Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. The Munich fragments were removed from fifteenth century bindings of manuscripts from St Emmeram's at Regensburg, as is no doubt true of the other fragments too.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1, 11, fragm.), Interrogationes et Responses (fragm.); Arnobius Iunior, Expositio in Evangelia, Computus; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 66244",,"Image from Munich foll. 1 and 4",,,"Script is mostly a curious, debased Insular majuscule by an inexpert scribe: **d** has two forms: noteworthy is the uncial form with the long and almost vertical ascender; the bow of **q** is mostly open and rises above the stem; Continental influence is clearly seen in one of the fragments, especially in the use of the pen and in the forms of **r** and **ꞅ**. ","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 b. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3458, ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 257.",,,3,,457,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1709,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1709,"Script is mostly a curious, debased Insular majuscule by an inexpert scribe: d has two forms: noteworthy is the uncial form with the long and almost vertical ascender; the bow of q is mostly open and rises above the stem; Continental influence is clearly seen in one of the fragments, especially in the use of the pen and in the forms of r and ꞅ.
","Written doubtless on the Continent in a scriptorium with Irish connections. The Munich fragments were removed from fifteenth century bindings of manuscripts from St Emmeram's at Regensburg, as is no doubt true of the other fragments too.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 20688 (foll. 1–8). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 b. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3458, ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 257.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1709.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1709.jpg 1710,1493,Uncial,V²,451,500,9,**40,"Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the eighth century in North Italy for copying two distinct manuscripts of Isidore (see CLA [9.1386](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889) and [1.39](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47)).",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Idc, Rt, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66136",,"Image from Wulfenbüttel fol. 289 ",,,"Script is a large, rather heavy, but expert uncial of the old type: for details see under the [Vatican](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/48). Interlinear corrections in small uncial.",,,,,,48,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1710,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1710,"Script is a large, rather heavy, but expert uncial of the old type: for details see under the Vatican. Interlinear corrections in small uncial.
","Written presumably in Italy. Re-used in the eighth century in North Italy for copying two distinct manuscripts of Isidore (see CLA 9.1386 and 1.39).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1710.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1710.jpg 1711,1494,Half-Uncial,VI,501,600,9,**41,"Written presumably in North Italy, in the scriptorium which produced the Evagrius palimpsest in Karlsruhe Aug. CCLIII (CLA [8.1107](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1574)), possibly at Ravenna to judge by the script. Re-used in the eighth century in North Italy for copying two distinct manuscripts of Isidore (see CLA [9.1386](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889) and [1.39](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/452)).",,,,"Hieronymus, Praefationes; Testamentum Vetus, (Vulgata, Iob 1–15. 24).",Parchment,,,"TM 66137",,"Image from Wulfenbüttel fol. 326v ",,,"Script is a bold and regular half-uncial resembling the script of the Evagrius palimpsest in Karlsruhe Aug. CCLIII (CLA [8.1107](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1574)): uncial **𐌾** is the rule; **R** occurs at line-end; other details given under the Vatican. For the ductus and the irregular admixture one may also compare the Ravenna Ambrose and Verona 1 (1) Append. Fragm. II (CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754), [410b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755) and [474](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/821)).",,,,,,49,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1711,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1711,"Script is a bold and regular half-uncial resembling the script of the Evagrius palimpsest in Karlsruhe Aug. CCLIII (CLA 8.1107): uncial 𐌾 is the rule; R occurs at line-end; other details given under the Vatican. For the ductus and the irregular admixture one may also compare the Ravenna Ambrose and Verona 1 (1) Append. Fragm. II (CLA 4.410a, 410b and 474).
","Written presumably in North Italy, in the scriptorium which produced the Evagrius palimpsest in Karlsruhe Aug. CCLIII (CLA 8.1107), possibly at Ravenna to judge by the script. Re-used in the eighth century in North Italy for copying two distinct manuscripts of Isidore (see CLA 9.1386 and 1.39).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1711.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1711.jpg 1712,1330,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1230,"Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance unknown. The fragment comes from a binding; the verso bears the mark 'N. 31' (saec. XVIII).",3,,,"Canonum Collectio Dionysiana (Gangr., 17–20; Antioch., tituli 1–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67371",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a regular early minuscule of Italian type, showing some resemblance to the script of MS Vatic. Lat. 5464 (CLA [1.24b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/30)): **a** is regular; **d** has two forms; **c** and **e** rise above the other small letters; **i**-longa occurs initially; ascenders are long; numerous ligatures, including **gi** and **ti** both with long curved **i**, and **ra**, **ro**, **ru**.","☛The Dülken fragment has been missing since 1985. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1053.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1712,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1712,"Script is a regular early minuscule of Italian type, showing some resemblance to the script of MS Vatic. Lat. 5464 (CLA 1.24b): a is regular; d has two forms; c and e rise above the other small letters; i-longa occurs initially; ascenders are long; numerous ligatures, including gi and ti both with long curved i, and ra, ro, ru.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Provenance unknown. The fragment comes from a binding; the verso bears the mark 'N. 31' (saec. XVIII).
","☛The Dülken fragment has been missing since 1985. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1053.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1712.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1712.jpg 1713,1331,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1231,"Written in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland, to judge from the script and ornamentation. Reached Merseburg at latest in the fifteenth century: the librarian's entry of that date stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Is, Ier).",Parchment,,,"TM 67372",,"fol. 8 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is in the main typically Rhaetian minuscule: **a** and **d** have two forms; the shaft of **h** often bends to the left; the top of **ꞇ** loops to the left as in Beneventan; **z** is remarkable for its bizarre form; the ligature **nt** occurs in mid-word: **ti** ligature is used for soft ti. A ninth-century entry '. . . acu . . . . . . at aeclesiae sancti landeb(erti)' on fol. 1 is now partly illegible. Neumes or letters indicating musical notes were added saec. XI over some passages on fol. 211r–v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2748.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1713,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1713,"Script, by several hands, is in the main typically Rhaetian minuscule: a and d have two forms; the shaft of h often bends to the left; the top of ꞇ loops to the left as in Beneventan; z is remarkable for its bizarre form; the ligature nt occurs in mid-word: ti ligature is used for soft ti. A ninth-century entry '. . . acu . . . . . . at aeclesiae sancti landeb(erti)' on fol. 1 is now partly illegible. Neumes or letters indicating musical notes were added saec. XI over some passages on fol. 211r–v.
","Written in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland, to judge from the script and ornamentation. Reached Merseburg at latest in the fifteenth century: the librarian's entry of that date stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2748.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1713.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1713.jpg 1714,1332,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",IX¹,831,859,9,1232,"Written presumably in Northeast France, to judge from the script. The manuscript of the Vita was folded twice presumably to facilitate sending before being bound.",,,,"Alcuinus, Vita S Vedasti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67373",,"fol. 85 ",,,"Script is longish, somewhat slender minuscule of an early type: the tail of **g** is broad and open; ligatures include **ct**, **ra**, and **rs**. The uncial used in the headings is of a curious angular type suggesting Insular influence: the forms of **R** and **T** are noteworthy.","☛CLA date (VIII ex) changed to follow Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3 (1981), p. 12 n. 32. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2754.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1714,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1714,"Script is longish, somewhat slender minuscule of an early type: the tail of g is broad and open; ligatures include ct, ra, and rs. The uncial used in the headings is of a curious angular type suggesting Insular influence: the forms of R and T are noteworthy.
","Written presumably in Northeast France, to judge from the script. The manuscript of the Vita was folded twice presumably to facilitate sending before being bound.
","☛CLA date (VIII ex) changed to follow Bischoff, Mittelalterliche Studien 3 (1981), p. 12 n. 32. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2754.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1714.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1714.jpg 1715,1333,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,9,1233,"Written in England, apparently in a Northumbrian centre, and possibly at Lindisfarne to judge by contents. At the end of the eighth century the manuscript was at Fulda where the Lindisfarne Annals were copied and a continuation of the paschal tables made (for this and later history, see CLA [9.1234](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1716)).",,,,"Beda, De Temporum Ratione (46–50, 56–59, 63–64); Dionysius Exiguus, Cyclus Paschalis (589–740) cum Notis Historicis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67374",,"foll. 1v, 1, and 12v",,,"Script is a somewhat compressed English uncial of the unmistakable Northumbrian type: the strokes of many letters (**A**, **B**, **F**, **K**, **M**) are not joined; the cross-stroke of **N** is low and almost horizontal. The notes referring to Northumbria are by the first hand. Entries of an historical character, saec. XI–XII, fill the lower and lateral margins.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1715,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1715,"Script is a somewhat compressed English uncial of the unmistakable Northumbrian type: the strokes of many letters (A, B, F, K, M) are not joined; the cross-stroke of N is low and almost horizontal. The notes referring to Northumbria are by the first hand. Entries of an historical character, saec. XI–XII, fill the lower and lateral margins.
","Written in England, apparently in a Northumbrian centre, and possibly at Lindisfarne to judge by contents. At the end of the eighth century the manuscript was at Fulda where the Lindisfarne Annals were copied and a continuation of the paschal tables made (for this and later history, see CLA 9.1234).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1715.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1715.jpg 1716,1334,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1234,"Written at Fulda, as text and script suggest. Was apparently at Münster or Werden in the first half of the ninth century and came to Corvey at latest in the second half of that century, to judge from the annalistic entries. According to a tradition it was rediscovered in a book-binder's house at Höxter (cf. the front fly-leaf) after the destruction of Corvey.",,,,"Dionysius Exiguus, Cyclus Paschalis (AD 779–1063).",Parchment,,,"TM 67375",,"fol. 4v ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule interspersed with English uncial of a compressed type, closely resembling the script of the paschal tables in Munich CLM 14641, foll. 32–47 (CLA [9.1306](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1803)). Numerous annalistic and chronological entries saec. IX–XII are in the margins; the last entry in Anglo-Saxon script refers to the year 840; opposite 809 is the entry 'obit liutgarus eps'.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3546a.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1716,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1716,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule interspersed with English uncial of a compressed type, closely resembling the script of the paschal tables in Munich CLM 14641, foll. 32–47 (CLA 9.1306). Numerous annalistic and chronological entries saec. IX–XII are in the margins; the last entry in Anglo-Saxon script refers to the year 840; opposite 809 is the entry 'obit liutgarus eps'.
","Written at Fulda, as text and script suggest. Was apparently at Münster or Werden in the first half of the ninth century and came to Corvey at latest in the second half of that century, to judge from the annalistic entries. According to a tradition it was rediscovered in a book-binder's house at Höxter (cf. the front fly-leaf) after the destruction of Corvey.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3546a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1716.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1716.jpg 1717,1335,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,9,1235,"Written in a French centre, presumably the very same that produced the Jerome Chronicle in Bern (CLA [7.860](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1313)) and possibly by the same scribe, to judge from the striking resemblance of the two scripts. Later history unknown.",,,,"Isidorus, De Officiis Ecclesiasticis (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67376",,"Entire recto and verso shown",,,"Script is a regular, rather broad uncial of a late type.","☛Mostert BF 395.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1717,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1717,"Script is a regular, rather broad uncial of a late type.
","Written in a French centre, presumably the very same that produced the Jerome Chronicle in Bern (CLA 7.860) and possibly by the same scribe, to judge from the striking resemblance of the two scripts. Later history unknown.
","☛Mostert BF 395.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1717.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1717.jpg 1718,1336,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,721,755,9,1236,"Written in England or in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. The contents of the calendar point to Northumbria to judge by the depositions. Provenance a religious house in South Bavaria, possibly Tegernsee: a ninth-century entry records the dedication of the church in the monastery of St Arsacius at Illmünster in the diocese of Freising. The original leaf was last seen in 1939.",,,,"Calendarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67377",1461248927-screen-shot-2016-04-21-at-152809.png,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: **n** and **r** are easily confused. A number of additions to the ecclesiastical calendar as well as church dedications and various obits are entered in Anglo-Saxon or Caroline minuscule by different hands, saec. VIII–IX.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 167. ☛Gamber, CLLA 413, dates to 721–755.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1718,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1718,"Script is a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: n and r are easily confused. A number of additions to the ecclesiastical calendar as well as church dedications and various obits are entered in Anglo-Saxon or Caroline minuscule by different hands, saec. VIII–IX.
","Written in England or in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence. The contents of the calendar point to Northumbria to judge by the depositions. Provenance a religious house in South Bavaria, possibly Tegernsee: a ninth-century entry records the dedication of the church in the monastery of St Arsacius at Illmünster in the diocese of Freising. The original leaf was last seen in 1939.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 167. ☛Gamber, CLLA 413, dates to 721–755.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1718.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1718.jpg 1719,1337,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1237,"Written at Saint-Amand or Salzburg. A manuscript identical in text, size, and script is Troyes 581 (CLA [6.839](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1254)). Our manuscript belonged to the Charterhouse Prül near Regensburg where it was listed in the catalogue of 1347, and whence it was acquired by the Nuremberg physician and humanist Hartmann Schedel (†1514); his ex-libris: LIBER · DOCTORIS · HARTMANI · SCHEDEL · DE NVREMBERGA stands on the front cover. Later in the possession of the Fugger family at Augsburg. In 1571 it was purchased with the library of Johann Jacob Fugger for the ducal library at Munich.",,,,"Cyprianus, Opera et Epistulae.",Parchment,,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00024365/image_1,"TM 67378",,"fol. 134v ",,,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** is the rule; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures or in the ending -orum and the abbreviation 'frs' (for fratres); the ligature **UT** occurs even in the middle of words. Half-uncial is used for the table of contents, and here and there for opening lines, a usage reminiscent of Tours. Some Notae Tironianae on foll. 69 ff. A few ninth-century entries are apparently by a Salzburg scribe Baldo (on foll. 13v, 19). Some fifteenth-century notes refer to Hussite heresies; others are written by Hartmann Schedel.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 61.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1719,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1719,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by several hands: a is the rule; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures or in the ending -orum and the abbreviation 'frs' (for fratres); the ligature UT occurs even in the middle of words. Half-uncial is used for the table of contents, and here and there for opening lines, a usage reminiscent of Tours. Some Notae Tironianae on foll. 69 ff. A few ninth-century entries are apparently by a Salzburg scribe Baldo (on foll. 13v, 19). Some fifteenth-century notes refer to Hussite heresies; others are written by Hartmann Schedel.
","Written at Saint-Amand or Salzburg. A manuscript identical in text, size, and script is Troyes 581 (CLA 6.839). Our manuscript belonged to the Charterhouse Prül near Regensburg where it was listed in the catalogue of 1347, and whence it was acquired by the Nuremberg physician and humanist Hartmann Schedel (†1514); his ex-libris: LIBER · DOCTORIS · HARTMANI · SCHEDEL · DE NVREMBERGA stands on the front cover. Later in the possession of the Fugger family at Augsburg. In 1571 it was purchased with the library of Johann Jacob Fugger for the ducal library at Munich.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 61.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1719.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1719.jpg 1720,1338,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule and Uncial","VIII med",726,775,9,1238,"Written doubtless in France and possibly in the scriptorium which produced the Psalterium duplex, the Missale Francorum, and Paris N. A. Lat. 1740, and perhaps also St Gall 214 (CLA [1.101](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/113), [103](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/115); [5.691](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1081); [7.924](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1385)). A table of contents was added in the eleventh century on fol. 11; three separate liturgical entries on that folio make mention of St Theodolus. The autograph note now on the back cover, dated 27 February 1608, in the hand of the Augsburg antiquarian Marcus Welser, who is the first known owner of the manuscript, records the sending of this volume to the Jesuit Father Heribert Rosweyde. Later it belonged to the Municipal Library of Augsburg.",,,,"Passiones et Vitae Sanctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67379",,"pp. 1 and 191 ",,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db//0001//bsb00017241/images/,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** is the rule; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures or in the ending -orum and the abbreviation 'frs' (for fratres); the ligature **UT** occurs even in the middle of words. Half-uncial is used for the table of contents, and here and there for opening lines a usage reminiscent of Tours. Some Notae Tironianae on foll. 69 ff. A few ninth-century entries are apparently by a Salzburg scribe Baldo (on foll. 13v, 19). Some fifteenth-century notes refer to Hussite heresies; others are written by Hartmann Schedel.","☛Gamber, CLLA 276.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1720,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1720,"Script is well-formed Caroline minuscule by several hands: a is the rule; noteworthy are the forms of the ligatures or in the ending -orum and the abbreviation 'frs' (for fratres); the ligature UT occurs even in the middle of words. Half-uncial is used for the table of contents, and here and there for opening lines a usage reminiscent of Tours. Some Notae Tironianae on foll. 69 ff. A few ninth-century entries are apparently by a Salzburg scribe Baldo (on foll. 13v, 19). Some fifteenth-century notes refer to Hussite heresies; others are written by Hartmann Schedel.
","Written doubtless in France and possibly in the scriptorium which produced the Psalterium duplex, the Missale Francorum, and Paris N. A. Lat. 1740, and perhaps also St Gall 214 (CLA 1.101, 103; 5.691; 7.924). A table of contents was added in the eleventh century on fol. 11; three separate liturgical entries on that folio make mention of St Theodolus. The autograph note now on the back cover, dated 27 February 1608, in the hand of the Augsburg antiquarian Marcus Welser, who is the first known owner of the manuscript, records the sending of this volume to the Jesuit Father Heribert Rosweyde. Later it belonged to the Municipal Library of Augsburg.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 276.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1720.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1720.jpg 1722,1339,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1239,"Written presumably at Benediktbeuern, partly by Hengilhart who in the opinion of Dr Bischoff also worked at Freising and Tegernsee. According to the forged entry on fol. 256 the volume was donated to the church of Kochel by Princess Kysila, traditionally identified with Charlemagne's sister. It was in the library of Benediktbeuern by the middle of the eleventh century at the latest.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67380",,"fol. 114 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064006-6,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes: the first is Hengilhart whose subscription stands on fol. 128v, the second is Chadold presbyter according to a doubtful note, saec. XI (fol. 255v); Hengilhart uses two forms of **a** and **d**; the shafts of **h** and **k** lean to the left; elongated **s** often occurs at line-ends, and **v** occasionally for **u** even in mid-line. Ligatures are numerous and somewhat bizarre, e.g. **ea**, **ra**, with the tongue of **e** or the shoulder of **r** forming the main stroke of **a**; **ti** ligature occurs for assibilated **ti**. The lessons from the Gospels (as well as final words of homilies) are frequently in smaller and more cursive minuscule. Various corrections. The genealogy of Christ is entered on fol. 129 in ninth-century minuscule; the hymn 'Quem terra pontus' on fol. 129v is in somewhat later script.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2965. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 43–5. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 477.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1722,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1722,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes: the first is Hengilhart whose subscription stands on fol. 128v, the second is Chadold presbyter according to a doubtful note, saec. XI (fol. 255v); Hengilhart uses two forms of a and d; the shafts of h and k lean to the left; elongated s often occurs at line-ends, and v occasionally for u even in mid-line. Ligatures are numerous and somewhat bizarre, e.g. ea, ra, with the tongue of e or the shoulder of r forming the main stroke of a; ti ligature occurs for assibilated ti. The lessons from the Gospels (as well as final words of homilies) are frequently in smaller and more cursive minuscule. Various corrections. The genealogy of Christ is entered on fol. 129 in ninth-century minuscule; the hymn 'Quem terra pontus' on fol. 129v is in somewhat later script.
","Written presumably at Benediktbeuern, partly by Hengilhart who in the opinion of Dr Bischoff also worked at Freising and Tegernsee. According to the forged entry on fol. 256 the volume was donated to the church of Kochel by Princess Kysila, traditionally identified with Charlemagne's sister. It was in the library of Benediktbeuern by the middle of the eleventh century at the latest.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2965. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 43–5. ☛Bergmann Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 477.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1722.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1722.jpg 1723,1340,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1240,"Written in a South German scriptorium of good calligraphic standard. According to a doubtful tradition this is one of a group of manuscripts alleged to have been donated to the church of Kochel by Princess Kysila. The volume must have reached Benediktbeuern soon after 800, since corrections in it are by a ninth-century scribe of that abbey. Other entries, saec. XI, also connect the manuscript with this abbey (foll. 4 and 250v). The name 'Adalpero', saec. X, is seen on fol. 3 and 'PFRFNGFRXS' i.e. Perengerus, saec. X–XI, stands on fol. 74. Benediktbeuern ex-libris saec. XV occur on the fly-leaf, and on foll. 1, 2v, 4v, 244v, and 245.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani (Pars Aestivalis).",Parchment,,,"TM 67381",,"fol. 11v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064008-7,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule still permitting a number of ligatures, among them **nt** even in mid-word, two variants on **ti** ligatures for both for hard and soft ti, and the Merovingian **b** with following **i**; suprascript **a** is not infrequent at line-end.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2968. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1658.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1723,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1723,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule still permitting a number of ligatures, among them nt even in mid-word, two variants on ti ligatures for both for hard and soft ti, and the Merovingian b with following i; suprascript a is not infrequent at line-end.
","Written in a South German scriptorium of good calligraphic standard. According to a doubtful tradition this is one of a group of manuscripts alleged to have been donated to the church of Kochel by Princess Kysila. The volume must have reached Benediktbeuern soon after 800, since corrections in it are by a ninth-century scribe of that abbey. Other entries, saec. XI, also connect the manuscript with this abbey (foll. 4 and 250v). The name 'Adalpero', saec. X, is seen on fol. 3 and 'PFRFNGFRXS' i.e. Perengerus, saec. X–XI, stands on fol. 74. Benediktbeuern ex-libris saec. XV occur on the fly-leaf, and on foll. 1, 2v, 4v, 244v, and 245.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2968. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1658.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1723.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1723.jpg 1725,1341,"Pre-Caroline and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1241,"Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, to judge by the palaeographical features. The manuscript belonged to the abbey library. It must certainly have been there by the eleventh century as may be seen from the epitaph of Abbot Gotahelm on fol. 89v and from the copy of a local charter on fol. 92v.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67382",,"fol. 32v ",,,"Script varies in different parts: CLA plate shows the pre-Caroline hand; two other hands are seen: the one which starts on fol. 65v seems to be that of the main scribe of CLM 4564 (excluded from CLA because other scribes in that manuscript are saec. IX); ligatures are numerous: **ti** ligature is used both for hard and soft ti; **a** occurs suprascript and attached to the preceding letter at the end of a line (fol. 50); uncial **𐌾** is used several times by the hand seen on CLA plate; the third hand uses v-shaped **u** even within the line.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2696. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 478.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1725,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1725,"Script varies in different parts: CLA plate shows the pre-Caroline hand; two other hands are seen: the one which starts on fol. 65v seems to be that of the main scribe of CLM 4564 (excluded from CLA because other scribes in that manuscript are saec. IX); ligatures are numerous: ti ligature is used both for hard and soft ti; a occurs suprascript and attached to the preceding letter at the end of a line (fol. 50); uncial 𐌾 is used several times by the hand seen on CLA plate; the third hand uses v-shaped u even within the line.
","Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, to judge by the palaeographical features. The manuscript belonged to the abbey library. It must certainly have been there by the eleventh century as may be seen from the epitaph of Abbot Gotahelm on fol. 89v and from the copy of a local charter on fol. 92v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2696. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 478.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1725.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1725.jpg 1727,1342,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex and VIII–IX",701,900,9,1242,"Written in South Bavaria in the same school as CLM 4577 (CLA [9.1243](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1728)); this school must be placed in Benediktbeuern on palaeographical grounds. A doubtful tradition connects the volume with Princess Kysila who is alleged to have donated it to the church of Kochel. Was certainly at Benediktbeuern by the middle of the eleventh century. The ex-libris 'Iste liber est monasterii nostri Benedictenpeiren' stands on foll. 1 and 164v.",,,,"Vitae et Passiones Sanctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67383",,"foll. 68 and 119v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064009-7,"Script is by several hands and shows different stages of development; the scribes of foll. 1–96 also worked on CLM 4577 (CLA [9.1243](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1728)); the hand of foll. 23v and 68 ff. is noteworthy for the use it makes of two forms of **d**, **n**, **r**, and **s**, thus plainly suggesting Insular influence; some hands employ ligatures freely; the **ti** ligature is used for the hard and soft ti; the hands seen on foll. 96v and onward seem to be of a more advanced type: work on the volume may have been interrupted for some length of time. Corrections saec. IX and XV. The sequence of S Marinus in the lower margin of foll. 121v–122 is an eleventh-century addition.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 27–30; 2 p. 198. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1646. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2970. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 479.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1727,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1727,"Script is by several hands and shows different stages of development; the scribes of foll. 1–96 also worked on CLM 4577 (CLA 9.1243); the hand of foll. 23v and 68 ff. is noteworthy for the use it makes of two forms of d, n, r, and s, thus plainly suggesting Insular influence; some hands employ ligatures freely; the ti ligature is used for the hard and soft ti; the hands seen on foll. 96v and onward seem to be of a more advanced type: work on the volume may have been interrupted for some length of time. Corrections saec. IX and XV. The sequence of S Marinus in the lower margin of foll. 121v–122 is an eleventh-century addition.
","Written in South Bavaria in the same school as CLM 4577 (CLA 9.1243); this school must be placed in Benediktbeuern on palaeographical grounds. A doubtful tradition connects the volume with Princess Kysila who is alleged to have donated it to the church of Kochel. Was certainly at Benediktbeuern by the middle of the eleventh century. The ex-libris 'Iste liber est monasterii nostri Benedictenpeiren' stands on foll. 1 and 164v.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 27–30; 2 p. 198. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1646. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2970. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 479.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1727.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1727.jpg 1728,1343,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1243,"Written in South Bavaria, in the same school as CLM 4554 (CLA [9.1242](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1727)), doubtless Benediktbeuern. The text and the Gallican liturgical rubrics connect our manuscript with CLM 6229 from Freising. The Benediktbeuern ex-libris, saec. XV, stands on fol. 95v.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr); Hieronymus, Epistula ad Eustochium.",Parchment,,,"TM 67384",,"fol. 71 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064010-9,"Script shows various types of early German minuscule: the two main scribes also collaborated on CLM 4554 (CLA [9.1242](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1727)); the third hand, seen only on fol. 14, writes a broad roundish minuscule; the uncial lines have the capital form of **Q**.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 30. ",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1728,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1728,"Script shows various types of early German minuscule: the two main scribes also collaborated on CLM 4554 (CLA 9.1242); the third hand, seen only on fol. 14, writes a broad roundish minuscule; the uncial lines have the capital form of Q.
","Written in South Bavaria, in the same school as CLM 4554 (CLA 9.1242), doubtless Benediktbeuern. The text and the Gallican liturgical rubrics connect our manuscript with CLM 6229 from Freising. The Benediktbeuern ex-libris, saec. XV, stands on fol. 95v.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1728.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1728.jpg 1729,1344,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1244,"Written in South Bavaria to judge by the script. Later at Benediktbeuern.",,,,"Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (11–65).",Parchment,,,"TM 67385",,"fol. 20v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00071099-0,"Script is a roundish minuscule recalling the Freising type; open **a** prevails; many ligatures including **fi**, **nt** even in mid-word, **ri**; also **mi**, **ni**.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45–6. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2974.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1729,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1729,"Script is a roundish minuscule recalling the Freising type; open a prevails; many ligatures including fi, nt even in mid-word, ri; also mi, ni.
","Written in South Bavaria to judge by the script. Later at Benediktbeuern.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45–6. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2974.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1729.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1729.jpg 1730,1345,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1245,"Written apparently in North or East France, to judge by the script and orthography. All these fly-leaves were attached to manuscripts that come from Benediktbeuern, as is evidenced by the ex-libris.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67386",,"Image from the recto of the front fly-leaf of CLM 4597",,"http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0007/bsb00071100/images/ http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0007/bsb00071101/images/ http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0006/bsb00061150/images/","Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule: open **a** is practically the rule, **a** the exception; the sinuous shaft of **h** bends to the left; shafts of **b** and **l** break near the base; the top of **t** curves down to the left; **y** is dotted. Some marginal notes in a more rapid hand, one being interspersed with Tironian notes. Other corrections saec. X.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 46. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1230.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1730,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1730,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule: open a is practically the rule, a the exception; the sinuous shaft of h bends to the left; shafts of b and l break near the base; the top of t curves down to the left; y is dotted. Some marginal notes in a more rapid hand, one being interspersed with Tironian notes. Other corrections saec. X.
","Written apparently in North or East France, to judge by the script and orthography. All these fly-leaves were attached to manuscripts that come from Benediktbeuern, as is evidenced by the ex-libris.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 46. ☛Gamber, CLLA 1230.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1730.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1730.jpg 1731,1346,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1246,"Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, to judge by the palaeographical features. The fifteenth-century Benediktbeuern ex-libris is seen on the wooden front cover and on foll. 1v and 142v.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67387",,"fol. 66v ",,,"Script is a careful regular minuscule akin to that seen in CLM 4549 ([9.1241](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1724)), and also in the slightly later group CLM 4564, 27286, and 29157(b): **a** has mostly the open form; **u** is v-shaped at line-ends; **nt**-ligature occurs mid-word. An early ninth-century correction on fol. 17v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2978. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1731,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1731,"Script is a careful regular minuscule akin to that seen in CLM 4549 (9.1241), and also in the slightly later group CLM 4564, 27286, and 29157(b): a has mostly the open form; u is v-shaped at line-ends; nt-ligature occurs mid-word. An early ninth-century correction on fol. 17v.
","Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, to judge by the palaeographical features. The fifteenth-century Benediktbeuern ex-libris is seen on the wooden front cover and on foll. 1v and 142v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2978.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1731.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1731.jpg 1732,1347,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1247,"Written at Salzburg, to judge by its palaeography. Provenance Diessen: the ex-libris on fol. 1 reads 'Liber gloriose Marie in Dyssen' (saec. XV); another ex-libris saec. XVIII is seen on the first fly-leaf. Scraps containing a portion of the Concilium Vernense (now CLM 29085) of precisely the same size and in Salzburg script, but of somewhat later date, were found in the binding of CLM 5675 from Diessen.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Collectio Canonum Diessensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67388",,"fol. 112 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00036890-3,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule by several well-trained hands; the main hand shows some kinship with the Fardulfus group of St Denis (CLA [5.665](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1050), [668](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1053); [6.824](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1238)); all the hands show definite resemblance to script seen in Salzburg products like the Salzburg Liber confraternitatum of the year 784 (St Peter Cod. M = A. XI. 13) and St Peter A. IX. 16 written under Bishop Arno (784–821) and in the related manuscripts V. I. B. 18 of the Studienbibliothek at Salzburg and CLM 16128 (q.v.); noteworthy is the use of half-uncial by the main hand in certain headings, subscriptions, and introductory matter, a feature of Tours as well as of St Amand and Salzburg manuscripts. A subscription by the main hand on fol. 130v: 'Expliciunt. canones. ex. tribus. libris. editae. quod, incohavi. kl. apr. et consummavi. idus. septb. idest. diebus. CLXVI ebdomatibus XXIII' the year unfortunately is not given. Many notes and corrections by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe probably to be identified with Baldo the teacher of Salzburg. Other corrections saec. X–XI and Old High German glosses.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 12.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1732,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule by several well-trained hands; the main hand shows some kinship with the Fardulfus group of St Denis (CLA 5.665, 668; 6.824); all the hands show definite resemblance to script seen in Salzburg products like the Salzburg Liber confraternitatum of the year 784 (St Peter Cod. M = A. XI. 13) and St Peter A. IX. 16 written under Bishop Arno (784–821) and in the related manuscripts V. I. B. 18 of the Studienbibliothek at Salzburg and CLM 16128 (q.v.); noteworthy is the use of half-uncial by the main hand in certain headings, subscriptions, and introductory matter, a feature of Tours as well as of St Amand and Salzburg manuscripts. A subscription by the main hand on fol. 130v: 'Expliciunt. canones. ex. tribus. libris. editae. quod, incohavi. kl. apr. et consummavi. idus. septb. idest. diebus. CLXVI ebdomatibus XXIII' the year unfortunately is not given. Many notes and corrections by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe probably to be identified with Baldo the teacher of Salzburg. Other corrections saec. X–XI and Old High German glosses.
","Written at Salzburg, to judge by its palaeography. Provenance Diessen: the ex-libris on fol. 1 reads 'Liber gloriose Marie in Dyssen' (saec. XV); another ex-libris saec. XVIII is seen on the first fly-leaf. Scraps containing a portion of the Concilium Vernense (now CLM 29085) of precisely the same size and in Salzburg script, but of somewhat later date, were found in the binding of CLM 5675 from Diessen.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 no. 12.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1732.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1732.jpg 1733,1348,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1248,"Origin North Italy and probably Verona. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising. The usual twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1v of the main manuscript.",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum Ad Romanos (6–7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67389",,"Image from the middle portion of the back cover",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00002866-9,"Script is a well-controlled, rather squatty Caroline minuscule of an early type: the bow of **a** starts at the head-line; **d** is uncial; **m** is broad; **ss** run together; the **et** ligature ends in a short tag, cf. CLA [9.1281](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1772); descenders are rather long. Only faint traces of writing are visible on the front cover.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 6223. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3433. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1733,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1733,"Script is a well-controlled, rather squatty Caroline minuscule of an early type: the bow of a starts at the head-line; d is uncial; m is broad; ss run together; the et ligature ends in a short tag, cf. CLA 9.1281; descenders are rather long. Only faint traces of writing are visible on the front cover.
","Origin North Italy and probably Verona. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising. The usual twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1v of the main manuscript.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 6223. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3433.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1733.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1733.jpg 1734,1349,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,9,1249,"Written by Valerianus in a centre of good Latin tradition, either in North Italy or possibly Illyrium, as is suggested by the general make-up of the manuscript, by its earliest liturgical entries (fol. 46) and its textual affiliations. The scribe is known from a copious subscription on fol. 202v where in the middle of the decorated cross we read: 'EGO VALERIANUS SCRIPSI'. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the twelfth-century ex-libris 'lib iste e sce Marie sciq Corbiniani Frisinge’ stands on fol. 2. That any of the entries in this volume may be ascribed to St Corbinianus is pure conjecture.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Io, Lc, Mc).",Parchment," Valerianus Gospels. Corbinianus Gospels. Codex Monacensis. (q)",,"TM 67390",,"fol. 204v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00006573-3,"Script is a stately uncial of an individual stamp with features that recall the Ashburnham Pentateuch (CLA [5.693a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1083)): the bow of **A** is thin and sits low; the lower bow of **B** is open; the tail of **𐌾** is unusually short except on final lines; the bow of **R** is broad and open and its final stroke shrunken; **Y** is short and stands on the line; a great variety of ligatures and suprascript letters, especially vowels, occur at line-ends. Numerous liturgical notes entered by various hands are in interesting seventh-century cursive of North-Italian type.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 135 (Corbinianus gospel). ☛Gamber, CLLA 247. ☛White, The four gospels from the Munich ms. q (Old-Latin Biblical texts 3). ☛Gamber, *Sakramentarstudien*, Studia Patristica et liturgica 7 (1978) pp. 150–5 argues that the MS was written to the Valeriani, not by the scribe Valerianus.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1734,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1734,"Script is a stately uncial of an individual stamp with features that recall the Ashburnham Pentateuch (CLA 5.693a): the bow of A is thin and sits low; the lower bow of B is open; the tail of 𐌾 is unusually short except on final lines; the bow of R is broad and open and its final stroke shrunken; Y is short and stands on the line; a great variety of ligatures and suprascript letters, especially vowels, occur at line-ends. Numerous liturgical notes entered by various hands are in interesting seventh-century cursive of North-Italian type.
","Written by Valerianus in a centre of good Latin tradition, either in North Italy or possibly Illyrium, as is suggested by the general make-up of the manuscript, by its earliest liturgical entries (fol. 46) and its textual affiliations. The scribe is known from a copious subscription on fol. 202v where in the middle of the decorated cross we read: 'EGO VALERIANUS SCRIPSI'. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the twelfth-century ex-libris 'lib iste e sce Marie sciq Corbiniani Frisinge’ stands on fol. 2. That any of the entries in this volume may be ascribed to St Corbinianus is pure conjecture.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 135 (Corbinianus gospel). ☛Gamber, CLLA 247. ☛White, The four gospels from the Munich ms. q (Old-Latin Biblical texts 3). ☛Gamber, Sakramentarstudien, Studia Patristica et liturgica 7 (1978) pp. 150–5 argues that the MS was written to the Valeriani, not by the scribe Valerianus.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1734.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1734.jpg 1735,1350,Uncial,"V ex",576,600,9,1250,"Origin uncertain, Italy and France are possible, the latter being the more probable because of the unusual forms of Nomina Sacra. The names 'DONATO' and 'L. VICTORINO' are seen in the colophon on fol. 78v; 'DONATUM' occurs again on fol. 109. The manuscript was used for rewriting at Freising in the early ninth century. The twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1. A printed Freising ex-libris is pasted on the front cover. ",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus Latina, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67391",,"fol. 96 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047191-2,"Script is a bold uncial still of the older type: the bow of **A** is pointed; **B** is often tall; capital **E** occurs frequently in pages of Numeri and occasionally at line-ends in the rest of the manuscript the scribe was doubtless accustomed to writing Rustic as well.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1735,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1735,"Script is a bold uncial still of the older type: the bow of A is pointed; B is often tall; capital E occurs frequently in pages of Numeri and occasionally at line-ends in the rest of the manuscript the scribe was doubtless accustomed to writing Rustic as well.
","Origin uncertain, Italy and France are possible, the latter being the more probable because of the unusual forms of Nomina Sacra. The names 'DONATO' and 'L. VICTORINO' are seen in the colophon on fol. 78v; 'DONATUM' occurs again on fol. 109. The manuscript was used for rewriting at Freising in the early ninth century. The twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1. A printed Freising ex-libris is pasted on the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1735.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1735.jpg 1736,1351,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1251,"Written no doubt at Freising and apparently by the scribe who also wrote all of CLM 6307, the second part of CLM 6382 (fol. 45 ff.), and collaborated on CLM 6316 with other Freising scribes (CLA [9.1270](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1761), [9.1278](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1769), [9.1275](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1766)) a fragment of a fifth manuscript by the same hand, containing Gregory's Homilies on the Gospels, is on the back cover of CLM 17055 (q.v.). Our manuscript in its text and its Gallican liturgical notes is affiliated with CLM 4577 from Benediktbeuern (q.v.). An entry in runes on fol. 89v reads 'nomen UOTONI' (saec. IX?). Belonged to the cathedral library of Freising: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr); Hieronymus, Epistulae (22).",Parchment,,,"TM 67392",,"fol. 79 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047192-8,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule: **f**, **r**, and **s** often have a serif-like foot; typical is the form of capital **Q** with the two bows crossing at the base. Marginal liturgical rubrics in very small minuscule are in the hand of the scribe. A few twelfth-century corrections.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 71–2.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1736,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule: f, r, and s often have a serif-like foot; typical is the form of capital Q with the two bows crossing at the base. Marginal liturgical rubrics in very small minuscule are in the hand of the scribe. A few twelfth-century corrections.
","Written no doubt at Freising and apparently by the scribe who also wrote all of CLM 6307, the second part of CLM 6382 (fol. 45 ff.), and collaborated on CLM 6316 with other Freising scribes (CLA 9.1270, 9.1278, 9.1275) a fragment of a fifth manuscript by the same hand, containing Gregory's Homilies on the Gospels, is on the back cover of CLM 17055 (q.v.). Our manuscript in its text and its Gallican liturgical notes is affiliated with CLM 4577 from Benediktbeuern (q.v.). An entry in runes on fol. 89v reads 'nomen UOTONI' (saec. IX?). Belonged to the cathedral library of Freising: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 71–2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1736.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1736.jpg 1737,1352,"Early Caroline and Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1252,"Written in Southern Bavaria, presumably in a scriptorium in the Freising diocese, under the supervision of Dominicus, scribe of CLM 18092 (CLA [9.1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)). The manuscript formed part of the Freising cathedral library at latest by the fifteenth century; a printed ex-libris is pasted on the front cover.",,,,"Expositio in Evangelium Matthaei; Homiliae; Lectiones in Uigiliis Defunctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67393",,"fol. 46 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00054475-3,"Script is by four hands, in part pre-Caroline, in part Caroline by the good scribe Dominicus who wrote CLM 18092, and in part a poor imitation of his script: he often started the page by writing several lines obviously meant to serve as a model for his pupils who pick up where he left off (foll. 1, 3v, 6v, etc.). The scribe of foll. 41 ff. forms capital **Q** by crossing the two arcs at the base. The subscription at the end of a homily on fol. 116 is manifestly taken over from the exemplar and the 'indignus peccator et culpabilis' does not give his name. A contemporary Anglo-Saxon hand makes corrections throughout (foll. 46, 83, 97, et passim). Some notes by a Freising scholar saec. XV.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 136–7.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1737,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1737,"Script is by four hands, in part pre-Caroline, in part Caroline by the good scribe Dominicus who wrote CLM 18092, and in part a poor imitation of his script: he often started the page by writing several lines obviously meant to serve as a model for his pupils who pick up where he left off (foll. 1, 3v, 6v, etc.). The scribe of foll. 41 ff. forms capital Q by crossing the two arcs at the base. The subscription at the end of a homily on fol. 116 is manifestly taken over from the exemplar and the 'indignus peccator et culpabilis' does not give his name. A contemporary Anglo-Saxon hand makes corrections throughout (foll. 46, 83, 97, et passim). Some notes by a Freising scholar saec. XV.
","Written in Southern Bavaria, presumably in a scriptorium in the Freising diocese, under the supervision of Dominicus, scribe of CLM 18092 (CLA 9.1315). The manuscript formed part of the Freising cathedral library at latest by the fifteenth century; a printed ex-libris is pasted on the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 136–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1737.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1737.jpg 1739,1353,"Anglo-Saxon and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1253,"Written at Freising and mainly by Peregrinus. This volume may be a direct copy of CLM 6316 (II) CLA [9.1275](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1766). It belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. A printed ex-libris is inside the front cover.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67394",,"foll. 31 and 46 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00004612-1,"Script is mainly pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule in Peregrinus' hand also seen in CLM 6297, 6299, and 6433 (CLA [9.1263](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1751), [1265](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754), [1283](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1775)); but ordinary Freising hands are seen on foll. 46, 52, and 178 which recall the script of CLM 6279, 6282, etc. (q.v.). The Peregrinus subscription on fol. 186v is in red uncial into which an Anglo-Saxon **Ᵹ** has slipped; elsewhere, as in the opening lines of homilies, his uncial is pure and has a Northumbrian flavour. The name 'Ellanthrud' is seen in the lower margin of fol. 42v.",,,1,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1739,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1739,"Script is mainly pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule in Peregrinus' hand also seen in CLM 6297, 6299, and 6433 (CLA 9.1263, 1265, 1283); but ordinary Freising hands are seen on foll. 46, 52, and 178 which recall the script of CLM 6279, 6282, etc. (q.v.). The Peregrinus subscription on fol. 186v is in red uncial into which an Anglo-Saxon Ᵹ has slipped; elsewhere, as in the opening lines of homilies, his uncial is pure and has a Northumbrian flavour. The name 'Ellanthrud' is seen in the lower margin of fol. 42v.
","Written at Freising and mainly by Peregrinus. This volume may be a direct copy of CLM 6316 (II) CLA 9.1275. It belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. A printed ex-libris is inside the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1739.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1739.jpg 1741,1354,"Early Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1254,"Origin uncertain, but probably Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1.",1,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Iob; Vetus Latina, Tb, Idt, Est).",Parchment,,,"TM 67395",,"foll. 37 and 88 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047193-3,"Script is early minuscule by several hands: one of the scribes (foll. 43 ff.) uses the Insular form of **g** as well as the Caroline, and a **z** which extends above and below the line. The entry 'liutpret seruus dei' (saec. IX) is seen on fol. 30, and 'hic (?) legit, reginhalm. kepolf. megingoz. istum librum' (saec. IX or X) on fol. 59v.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2999. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.193.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1741,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1741,"Script is early minuscule by several hands: one of the scribes (foll. 43 ff.) uses the Insular form of g as well as the Caroline, and a z which extends above and below the line. The entry 'liutpret seruus dei' (saec. IX) is seen on fol. 30, and 'hic (?) legit, reginhalm. kepolf. megingoz. istum librum' (saec. IX or X) on fol. 59v.
","Origin uncertain, but probably Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2999. ☛Gryson, Altlateinische Handschriften I, p.193.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1741.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1741.jpg 1742,1355,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1255,"Written in Southern Germany, apparently in a centre in the Lake Constance region. The manuscript must have reached Freising by the turn of the eighth century, when foll. 200–216 and probably 233–238 as well were added. The usual Freising ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. Bavarian provenance is confirmed by the historical content of the entry on fol. 238v.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Frisingensis.",Parchment,"Collectio Frisingensis.",,"TM 67396",,"foll. 5 and 234v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00054483-8,"Script of the main part is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands, mostly of the broad Alemannic roundish type in vogue in the Lake Constance region: open **a** prevails; the ligature **nt** is frequent even in mid-word; the same ligature is used for hard and soft **ti**; the hand on foll. 205v, 209, 209v of the added portion is identical with the hand seen in CLM 6267, foll. 189, 190, etc. (CLA [9.1257](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1744)). The cryptic colophon for Deo gratias semper stands on fol. 229. The written space of fol. 64 forms a special design.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3001.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1742,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1742,"Script of the main part is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands, mostly of the broad Alemannic roundish type in vogue in the Lake Constance region: open a prevails; the ligature nt is frequent even in mid-word; the same ligature is used for hard and soft ti; the hand on foll. 205v, 209, 209v of the added portion is identical with the hand seen in CLM 6267, foll. 189, 190, etc. (CLA 9.1257). The cryptic colophon for Deo gratias semper stands on fol. 229. The written space of fol. 64 forms a special design.
","Written in Southern Germany, apparently in a centre in the Lake Constance region. The manuscript must have reached Freising by the turn of the eighth century, when foll. 200–216 and probably 233–238 as well were added. The usual Freising ex-libris (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. Bavarian provenance is confirmed by the historical content of the entry on fol. 238v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3001.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1742.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1742.jpg 1743,1356,"Early Minuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1256,"Origin uncertain. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising.",0,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (7.12), De Ecclesiae Officiis (2.3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67397",,"Image from the recto of fol. 1 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00008481-2,"Script is an early minuscule, apparently under Insular influence, as manifested in the forms of **g**, **r**, and **t**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 87–8. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 137–8.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1743,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1743,"Script is an early minuscule, apparently under Insular influence, as manifested in the forms of g, r, and t.
","Origin uncertain. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 87–8. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 137–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1743.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1743.jpg 1744,1357,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1257,"Written at Freising, to judge by the script. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 21.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (12–17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67398",,"fol. 367v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00039815-6,"Script is a roundish minuscule by five hands; numerous ligatures, among them **nt** occurring even in mid-word; the scribe of fol. 189 lines 13 ff. also wrote parts of the Freising portion of CLM 6243 (foll. 205v col. 1, 209 col. 2, 209v, q.v.) and the fragmentary leaf of a sacramentary (CLM 29164, Ia, fol. 13), not included in this volume.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1744,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1744,"Script is a roundish minuscule by five hands; numerous ligatures, among them nt occurring even in mid-word; the scribe of fol. 189 lines 13 ff. also wrote parts of the Freising portion of CLM 6243 (foll. 205v col. 1, 209 col. 2, 209v, q.v.) and the fragmentary leaf of a sacramentary (CLM 29164, Ia, fol. 13), not included in this volume.
","Written at Freising, to judge by the script. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 21.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1744.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1744.jpg 1745,1358,"Uncial and Half-Uncial","VIII in",701,725,9,1258,"Written doubtless in France, and to all appearances in the same scriptorium as Bern 219 (CLA [7.860](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1313); see also [9.1235](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1717)). Provenance Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1; a modern ex-libris is on the front cover.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (6–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67399",,"foll. 21v and 23v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a late uncial except for the entire fol. 21v, which is, for no obvious reason, in half-uncial verging on minuscule by one of the uncial hands: the oval-shaped bow of **A** is often unattached; the half-uncial form intrudes here and there; the lower bow of **B** distinctly protrudes; the tail of **G** sweeps to the left; the shaft of **F** is long and its two horizontals are mere points; **LL** run together. The capitals used at the beginnings of sentences clearly connect our manuscript with Bern 219, viz. **Q** with the upper curve notched, and the **V** resting on a base; the form of **E** in the Explicit on fol. 117v recalls Merovingian inscriptions (cf. CLA [7.860](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1313)); ligatures of **UN** and **UND** and nestling letters are frequent. Corrections in uncial (foll. 48, 93) and two in Caroline minuscule (foll. 41, 123), saec. IX, and various later ones.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3026a.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1745,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1745,"Script, by more than one hand, is a late uncial except for the entire fol. 21v, which is, for no obvious reason, in half-uncial verging on minuscule by one of the uncial hands: the oval-shaped bow of A is often unattached; the half-uncial form intrudes here and there; the lower bow of B distinctly protrudes; the tail of G sweeps to the left; the shaft of F is long and its two horizontals are mere points; LL run together. The capitals used at the beginnings of sentences clearly connect our manuscript with Bern 219, viz. Q with the upper curve notched, and the V resting on a base; the form of E in the Explicit on fol. 117v recalls Merovingian inscriptions (cf. CLA 7.860); ligatures of UN and UND and nestling letters are frequent. Corrections in uncial (foll. 48, 93) and two in Caroline minuscule (foll. 41, 123), saec. IX, and various later ones.
","Written doubtless in France, and to all appearances in the same scriptorium as Bern 219 (CLA 7.860; see also 9.1235). Provenance Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1; a modern ex-libris is on the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3026a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1745.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1745.jpg 1747,1359,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1259,"Written no doubt at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v .",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67400",,"fol. 1v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047242-1,"Script by several scribes is a well-formed, firm, roundish minuscule akin to that of CLM 6299, 6308, etc.: **a** has two forms; uncial **ꝺ** occurs; pointed **v** is found at line-ends; ligatures are numerous; subscript **i** is frequent; **nt** occurs in mid-word. Script area on the final page is chalice-shaped with lines progressively diminishing in size except for the last. Corrections in ninth-century Freising minuscule. An eleventh-century grant concerning Freising is entered on fol. 1.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3026b.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1747,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1747,"Script by several scribes is a well-formed, firm, roundish minuscule akin to that of CLM 6299, 6308, etc.: a has two forms; uncial ꝺ occurs; pointed v is found at line-ends; ligatures are numerous; subscript i is frequent; nt occurs in mid-word. Script area on the final page is chalice-shaped with lines progressively diminishing in size except for the last. Corrections in ninth-century Freising minuscule. An eleventh-century grant concerning Freising is entered on fol. 1.
","Written no doubt at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v .
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3026b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1747.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1747.jpg 1748,1360,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1260,"Written at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the cathedral library of Freising. The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Johannes Constantinopolitanus, Commentarius in Mattheum (14–25, 32–46).",Parchment,,,"TM 67401",,"fol. 74v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047243-7,"Script: the main hand writes a well-formed, somewhat inclined minuscule with occasional **N** and **R** (when final) and ligatures **fi** and **nt** (even in mid-word); it seems identical with that of CLM 6299, foll. 86 ff.; the hand at the top of fol. 87v also appears in CLM 6312 on foll. 217v, etc., and in CLM 6434 on foll. 77v, etc. (see CLA no.s [9.1265](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754), [1273](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764), [1285](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1777)). Some later corrections by a Salzburg hand (foll. 2, 5, 7, 30, 83v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3027a. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1748,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1748,"Script: the main hand writes a well-formed, somewhat inclined minuscule with occasional N and R (when final) and ligatures fi and nt (even in mid-word); it seems identical with that of CLM 6299, foll. 86 ff.; the hand at the top of fol. 87v also appears in CLM 6312 on foll. 217v, etc., and in CLM 6434 on foll. 77v, etc. (see CLA no.s 9.1265, 1273, 1285). Some later corrections by a Salzburg hand (foll. 2, 5, 7, 30, 83v).
","Written at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the cathedral library of Freising. The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3027a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1748.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1748.jpg 1749,1361,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex–IX in",776,825,9,1261,"Written in Southern Germany, and presumably in the Freising region. The manuscript comes from the Freising cathedral library: the twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (Gn–Rg).",Parchment,,,"TM 67402",,"fol. 2v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00054495-9,"Script is a German type of minuscule with a number of ligatures. The curious **Q** with both arcs crossing at the base recalls the form seen in assured Freising manuscripts such as CLM 6299 (q.v.). The form of capital **Q** on foll. 31–32v suggests copying from an Insular exemplar. Some tenth-century corrections.","☛CLA date range (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 140–1. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3030.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1749,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1749,"Script is a German type of minuscule with a number of ligatures. The curious Q with both arcs crossing at the base recalls the form seen in assured Freising manuscripts such as CLM 6299 (q.v.). The form of capital Q on foll. 31–32v suggests copying from an Insular exemplar. Some tenth-century corrections.
","Written in Southern Germany, and presumably in the Freising region. The manuscript comes from the Freising cathedral library: the twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛CLA date range (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 140–1. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3030.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1749.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1749.jpg 1750,1362,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1262,"Written in Southern Bavaria, possibly at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (excerpta); Homiliae; Vita Patrum; Visio Baronti; Praedicationes et Dicta.",Parchment,,,"TM 67403",,"fol. 11v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00032656-8,"Script is a broad graceful minuscule to be compared with that seen on foll. 189, 233, and 234 of CLM 6243 (CLA [9.1255](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1742)): **a** has two forms, the **ti** ligature occurs for both hard and soft ti. Some Latin and German glosses added in the tenth century.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3034. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 521.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1750,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1750,"Script is a broad graceful minuscule to be compared with that seen on foll. 189, 233, and 234 of CLM 6243 (CLA 9.1255): a has two forms, the ti ligature occurs for both hard and soft ti. Some Latin and German glosses added in the tenth century.
","Written in Southern Bavaria, possibly at Freising. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3034. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 521.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1750.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1750.jpg 1751,1363,"Anglo-Saxon and Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII² ",783,800,9,1263,"Written at Freising, in the main by the scribe Peregrinus, presumably about 783, a date fixed by the entry in his hand (fol. 87), which reads 'arbeo epis miserere ds', a prayer that must have been made not long after the bishop's death; Arbeo was bishop from 763 to 783. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2; a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (32–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67404",,"foll. 20 and 83 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00004611-6,"Script is almost all Anglo-Saxon minuscule by Peregrinus, whose lengthy subscription on fol. 146v begs the reader 'ut recordetur . . . indignissimi atque peccatoris qui nomine nuncupatus Peregrinus' (other manuscripts written by him are enumerated in CLM 6237, CLA [9.1253](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/1739)); his script breaks off several times (foll. 20, 27v, etc.) and the text is taken up by Freising hands of the type seen in CLM 6282, etc.",,,1,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1751,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1751,"Script is almost all Anglo-Saxon minuscule by Peregrinus, whose lengthy subscription on fol. 146v begs the reader 'ut recordetur . . . indignissimi atque peccatoris qui nomine nuncupatus Peregrinus' (other manuscripts written by him are enumerated in CLM 6237, CLA 9.1253); his script breaks off several times (foll. 20, 27v, etc.) and the text is taken up by Freising hands of the type seen in CLM 6282, etc.
","Written at Freising, in the main by the scribe Peregrinus, presumably about 783, a date fixed by the entry in his hand (fol. 87), which reads 'arbeo epis miserere ds', a prayer that must have been made not long after the bishop's death; Arbeo was bishop from 763 to 783. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2; a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1751.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1751.jpg 1753,1364,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1264,"Written in a German centre in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, doubtless in the Mainz-Fulda-Würzburg region. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae; Augustinus, Homiliae; Maximus Taurinensis, Homiliae; Hieronymus, Homiliae.",Parchment,"Homiliarium Corbiniani.",,"TM 67405",,"foll. 85 and 71v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047251-1,"Script, by several hands, is an Anglo-Saxon type current in German centres under Anglo-Saxon influence: characteristic are the long descenders and the form of **Ᵹ** with protruding chest; a few lines on fol. 85 illustrate unsuccessful imitation of Anglo-Saxon. The Insular trick of using Greek letters is seen on fol. 26v in the word PROXIME. Many corrections in Insular and in Caroline minuscule. The name 'hartuuin' occurs at the foot of foll. 16v and 18v; Insular probationes pennae on foll. 114 and 114v; entries on fol. 3 by Amalricus have a Fulda-Mainz appearance; the probatio pennae 'omnium inimicorum', etc. (foll. 3 and 14v) is seen in several Würzburg manuscripts. A Freising hand, saec. XV, is seen on fol. 7v and passim.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3036a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 141–142. ☛Glauche, Katalog der lateinischen Fragmente der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München 1 [p. 170–174](https://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/cgi-bin/redirect?app=webOPAC&location=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de%2Fdokumente%2Fhtml%2Fobj90882000).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1753,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1753,"Script, by several hands, is an Anglo-Saxon type current in German centres under Anglo-Saxon influence: characteristic are the long descenders and the form of Ᵹ with protruding chest; a few lines on fol. 85 illustrate unsuccessful imitation of Anglo-Saxon. The Insular trick of using Greek letters is seen on fol. 26v in the word PROXIME. Many corrections in Insular and in Caroline minuscule. The name 'hartuuin' occurs at the foot of foll. 16v and 18v; Insular probationes pennae on foll. 114 and 114v; entries on fol. 3 by Amalricus have a Fulda-Mainz appearance; the probatio pennae 'omnium inimicorum', etc. (foll. 3 and 14v) is seen in several Würzburg manuscripts. A Freising hand, saec. XV, is seen on fol. 7v and passim.
","Written in a German centre in the Anglo-Saxon tradition, doubtless in the Mainz-Fulda-Würzburg region. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3036a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutsche Schreibschulen 1 p. 141–142. ☛Glauche, Katalog der lateinischen Fragmente der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München 1 p. 170–174.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1753.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1753.jpg 1754,1365,"Early Caroline and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1265,"Written at Freising, in part by Peregrinus. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2, a printed ex-libris on fol. 1v.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67406",,"foll. 2 and 44 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00004610-1,"Script is Freising minuscule by several hands of the type seen in CLM 6279, 6282, etc.; the easy-flowing hand on foll. 86ff. frequently uses uncial **N**, and occasionally **ꝺ** and **R**, also subscript **i** and the **nt** ligature even in mid-word; a part of fol. 44 is in Anglo-Saxon minuscule by Peregrinus, scribe of CLM 6237, 6297, and 6433. The written area of fol. 146 is in the form of a shield. The formula 'deo gratias' transcribed in Greek letters is seen on fol. 157; Greek letters are also used at the end of the colophon on fol. 126v, the sense still unclear.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 76.",,1,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1754,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754,"Script is Freising minuscule by several hands of the type seen in CLM 6279, 6282, etc.; the easy-flowing hand on foll. 86ff. frequently uses uncial N, and occasionally ꝺ and R, also subscript i and the nt ligature even in mid-word; a part of fol. 44 is in Anglo-Saxon minuscule by Peregrinus, scribe of CLM 6237, 6297, and 6433. The written area of fol. 146 is in the form of a shield. The formula 'deo gratias' transcribed in Greek letters is seen on fol. 157; Greek letters are also used at the end of the colophon on fol. 126v, the sense still unclear.
","Written at Freising, in part by Peregrinus. The manuscript belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2, a printed ex-libris on fol. 1v.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 76.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1754.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1754.jpg 1756,1366,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1266,"Origin uncertain: points of similarity exist between this manuscript and St Gall 108 (CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363)) with its affiliates whose precise locality still remains to be ascertained. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",0,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (2–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67407",,"fol. 50v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047252-6,"Script, by one hand, is a rude and squatty pre-Caroline minuscule with letters inclined to the right: **g** is 3-shaped; the shoulder of **r** is long and sinuous; ligatures with **e** are numerous; a line inserted in the lower margin of fol. 15, apparently by the original scribe, shows cursive features. Small corrections passim; that on fol. 92 may be Insular saec. IX. A certain Adalleoz notes twice (foll. 42, 158) that he read this book through during Lent. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3037. ☛ Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 523.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1756,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1756,"Script, by one hand, is a rude and squatty pre-Caroline minuscule with letters inclined to the right: g is 3-shaped; the shoulder of r is long and sinuous; ligatures with e are numerous; a line inserted in the lower margin of fol. 15, apparently by the original scribe, shows cursive features. Small corrections passim; that on fol. 92 may be Insular saec. IX. A certain Adalleoz notes twice (foll. 42, 158) that he read this book through during Lent.
","Origin uncertain: points of similarity exist between this manuscript and St Gall 108 (CLA 7.905) with its affiliates whose precise locality still remains to be ascertained. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3037. ☛ Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 523.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1756.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1756.jpg 1757,1367,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1267,"Written at Freising, to judge by certain features our manuscript has in common with CLM 6312 ([9.1273](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764)). The volume later belonged to the cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Ps- Isidorus, De Ordine Creaturarum; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67408",,"fol. 29v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047253-2,"Script is a fairly graceful minuscule, apparently by one hand, closely related to the hand seen in CLM 6312, fol. 23 (see [9.1273](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764)): characteristic are the ligatures **OR**, **UR**, **US**; noteworthy is the variety of forms of capital **Q**. The formula 'DEO GRATIAS AGO FINIT' has an Irish flavour; all the texts in the volume suggest an Irish connection.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 no. 18. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3038.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1757,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1757,"Script is a fairly graceful minuscule, apparently by one hand, closely related to the hand seen in CLM 6312, fol. 23 (see 9.1273): characteristic are the ligatures OR, UR, US; noteworthy is the variety of forms of capital Q. The formula 'DEO GRATIAS AGO FINIT' has an Irish flavour; all the texts in the volume suggest an Irish connection.
","Written at Freising, to judge by certain features our manuscript has in common with CLM 6312 (9.1273). The volume later belonged to the cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 no. 18. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3038.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1757.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1757.jpg 1758,1368,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1268,"Written no doubt in Southern Germany and apparently at Freising, to judge by its affinity to [CLM 6305](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759) (q.v.). Belonged to the cathedral library of Freising by the year 1000 since additions were made to our volume by Antricus, the Freising magister scholae of that time (see note on fol. [44](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0004/bsb00047254/images/index.html?id=00047254&nativeno=44r)). The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1; a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Danielem, In Prophetas Minores. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67409",,"fol. 1 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047254-7,"Script, by a rather inexpert scribe, is early minuscule recalling the Alemannic type and very similar to, if not identical with, that of CLM 6309 (CLA [9.1272](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1763)); the script of our volume is seen also in CLM 6305 (CLA [9.1269](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759)) which must have been written at Freising; noteworthy ligatures are **ei**, **fi**, **nt** (even in mid-word), and **ti** ligature for unassibilated ti.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 no. 22. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3039.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1758,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1758,"Script, by a rather inexpert scribe, is early minuscule recalling the Alemannic type and very similar to, if not identical with, that of CLM 6309 (CLA 9.1272); the script of our volume is seen also in CLM 6305 (CLA 9.1269) which must have been written at Freising; noteworthy ligatures are ei, fi, nt (even in mid-word), and ti ligature for unassibilated ti.
","Written no doubt in Southern Germany and apparently at Freising, to judge by its affinity to CLM 6305 (q.v.). Belonged to the cathedral library of Freising by the year 1000 since additions were made to our volume by Antricus, the Freising magister scholae of that time (see note on fol. 44). The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1; a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 no. 22. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3039.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1758.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1758.jpg 1759,1369,"Pre-Caroline and Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1269,"Written at Freising, to judge by certain palaeographical features which our manuscript has in common with authentic Freising products. Belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Matthaeum, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67410",,"foll. 81 and 130",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047255-2,"Script is pre-Caroline and early Caroline minuscule by eight different hands; the scribe of fol. [71](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0004/bsb00047255/images/index.html?id=00047255&nativeno=71r) lines 16 ff. uses Insular **Ᵹ**; the hand of foll. [121v](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0004/bsb00047255/images/index.html?id=00047255&groesser=&fip=eayasdasenxdsydenewqeayaxdsydewq&no=13&seite=246) ff. and [130](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0004/bsb00047255/images/index.html?id=00047255&groesser=&fip=eayasdasenxdsydenewqeayaxdsydewq&no=8&seite=263) ff. recalls the Alemannic style; the script of fol. [130](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0004/bsb00047255/images/index.html?id=00047255&groesser=&fip=eayasdasenxdsydenewqeayaxdsydewq&no=8&seite=263) lines 1–19 is closely akin to that of CLM 6393, foll. 138 ff. and recalls the hand of Bishop Leidrad of Lyon who came from Freising (cf. CLA [4.417](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/762) and [6.770](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1178)). Numerous corrections saec. IX. The liturgical introductory phrase 'In illo tempore' occurring here and there is a tenth-century addition.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 83–5 no. 21. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3040. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 524. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1759,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759,"Script is pre-Caroline and early Caroline minuscule by eight different hands; the scribe of fol. 71 lines 16 ff. uses Insular Ᵹ; the hand of foll. 121v ff. and 130 ff. recalls the Alemannic style; the script of fol. 130 lines 1–19 is closely akin to that of CLM 6393, foll. 138 ff. and recalls the hand of Bishop Leidrad of Lyon who came from Freising (cf. CLA 4.417 and 6.770). Numerous corrections saec. IX. The liturgical introductory phrase 'In illo tempore' occurring here and there is a tenth-century addition.
","Written at Freising, to judge by certain palaeographical features which our manuscript has in common with authentic Freising products. Belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 83–5 no. 21. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3040. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 524.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1759.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1759.jpg 1761,1370,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1270,"Written no doubt at Freising, by the scribe who wrote [CLM 6229](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754) and its companions. The volume belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1; a printed ex-libris is pasted on the inside of the front cover.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (Rg); Origenes, Homiliae in Cantica Canticorum; Beda, In Tobiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 67411",,"fol. 20 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047256-8,"Script is an early minuscule, by the scribe of CLM 6229 (CLA [9.1251](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736)) and the manuscripts enumerated there: capital **Q** has the peculiar form in which the two arcs cross at the base; noteworthy is the occurrence of the Insular form of this letter several times in the Bede portion (foll. 41v–43).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1761,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1761,"Script is an early minuscule, by the scribe of CLM 6229 (CLA 9.1251) and the manuscripts enumerated there: capital Q has the peculiar form in which the two arcs cross at the base; noteworthy is the occurrence of the Insular form of this letter several times in the Bede portion (foll. 41v–43).
","Written no doubt at Freising, by the scribe who wrote CLM 6229 and its companions. The volume belonged to the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1; a printed ex-libris is pasted on the inside of the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1761.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1761.jpg 1762,1371,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1271,"Written no doubt at Freising, as the script proves. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1, and the printed ex-libris on the inside of the front cover.",,48.4029,11.7412,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67412",,"fol. 67 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065382-7,"Script is a firm roundish minuscule with many ligatures, resembling that of CLM [6279](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1747), [6299](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754) (part 1) and particularly 29045(a): v-shaped **u** occurs especially at line-ends; subscript **i** is frequent; **nt** ligature occurs even in mid-word. Script area on final pages forms a triangle, lines of writing progressively diminishing in size. A triangular group of points in the margin often calls attention to a word or passage needing explanation. A number of Germanic names in abbreviated form is entered on the blank final page by a hand saec. X/XI.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1762,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1762,"Script is a firm roundish minuscule with many ligatures, resembling that of CLM 6279, 6299 (part 1) and particularly 29045(a): v-shaped u occurs especially at line-ends; subscript i is frequent; nt ligature occurs even in mid-word. Script area on final pages forms a triangle, lines of writing progressively diminishing in size. A triangular group of points in the margin often calls attention to a word or passage needing explanation. A number of Germanic names in abbreviated form is entered on the blank final page by a hand saec. X/XI.
","Written no doubt at Freising, as the script proves. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1, and the printed ex-libris on the inside of the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1762.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1762.jpg 1763,1372,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1272,"Written no doubt in Southern Germany, and apparently at Freising, to judge from the palaeographical features which the manuscript shares with [CLM 6305](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759). Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae (1–3.51).",Parchment,,,"TM 67413",,"fol. 51 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047257-3,"Script, by rather inexpert scribes, recalls somewhat the Alemannic type and is very similar to, if not identical with, that of CLM 6303 (CLA [9.1268](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1758)); one of the hands in our volume is seen in CLM 6305 (CLA [9.1269](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759)) which must come from Freising. A few twelfth-century corrections.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3041. ☛Cazier, Corpus Christianorum 111, p. LXVI.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1763,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1763,"Script, by rather inexpert scribes, recalls somewhat the Alemannic type and is very similar to, if not identical with, that of CLM 6303 (CLA 9.1268); one of the hands in our volume is seen in CLM 6305 (CLA 9.1269) which must come from Freising. A few twelfth-century corrections.
","Written no doubt in Southern Germany, and apparently at Freising, to judge from the palaeographical features which the manuscript shares with CLM 6305. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3041. ☛Cazier, Corpus Christianorum 111, p. LXVI.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1763.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1763.jpg 1764,1373,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1273,"Written at Freising as evidenced by the script. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, the printed ex-libris on fol. 1v . Our manuscript served as exemplar for CLM 14537, saec. VIII ex., from St Emmeram at Regensburg (CLA [9.1304](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801)).",,,,"Ambrosiaster, Quaestiones in Vetus et Novum Testamentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67414",,"fol. 153 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065383-2,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by six different hands; the main hand is roundish and recalls the type in CLM 6279, 6299 (part 1), and 6308 (CLA [9.1259](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1747), [1265](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1754), and [1271](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1762)) the graceful, expert script on foll. 217v, 218v, etc., is also seen in CLM 6282 (on fol. 87v) and 6434 (on fol. 77v, etc.); the hand on fol. 61v, etc., uses Insular **Ᵹ**.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1764,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by six different hands; the main hand is roundish and recalls the type in CLM 6279, 6299 (part 1), and 6308 (CLA 9.1259, 1265, and 1271) the graceful, expert script on foll. 217v, 218v, etc., is also seen in CLM 6282 (on fol. 87v) and 6434 (on fol. 77v, etc.); the hand on fol. 61v, etc., uses Insular Ᵹ.
","Written at Freising as evidenced by the script. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, the printed ex-libris on fol. 1v . Our manuscript served as exemplar for CLM 14537, saec. VIII ex., from St Emmeram at Regensburg (CLA 9.1304).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1764.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1764.jpg 1765,1374,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,9,1274,"Written doubtless in North Italy, and most likely at Bobbio. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in bindings of books from the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of CLM 6315.",,44.7701,9.386,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos; Hieronymus-Prosper, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67415",,"Image from fol. 1 of CLM 29022, fol. 2v of 29022e, and the recto of the front fly-leaf of 6315",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00028970-4,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule by at least three hands, two of which are North Italian one strongly recalls the upper script of Vatic. Lat. 5763 (CLA [1.39](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47)) and Wolfenbüttel, Weissenb. 64 (CLA [9.1386](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889)); the third hand has rather a French appearance, an impression confirmed by the Merovingian **b** with a tag to the right.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29022 [palimpsest new] + CLM 29022 e [palimpsest new]. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen vol. 1 p. 151; vol. 2, p. 223–4.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1765,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1765,"Script is a rapid cursive minuscule by at least three hands, two of which are North Italian one strongly recalls the upper script of Vatic. Lat. 5763 (CLA 1.39) and Wolfenbüttel, Weissenb. 64 (CLA 9.1386); the third hand has rather a French appearance, an impression confirmed by the Merovingian b with a tag to the right.
","Written doubtless in North Italy, and most likely at Bobbio. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in bindings of books from the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris is seen on fol. 1 of CLM 6315.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29022 [palimpsest new] + CLM 29022 e [palimpsest new]. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen vol. 1 p. 151; vol. 2, p. 223–4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1765.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1765.jpg 1766,1375,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1275,"Written no doubt at Freising. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v and the printed ex-libris on the inside of the front cover.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem.",Parchment,,,"TM 67417",,"foll. 134v and 297v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047260-1,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two hands: one is identical with that of [CLM 6229](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736) (q.v.); the hand on foll. 84 and 134 ff. recalls that of [CLM 6282](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1748) (q.v.); the first hand uses the curious form of **Q** with the two bows crossing at the base. Numerous corrections saec. X–XI.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1766,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1766,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two hands: one is identical with that of CLM 6229 (q.v.); the hand on foll. 84 and 134 ff. recalls that of CLM 6282 (q.v.); the first hand uses the curious form of Q with the two bows crossing at the base. Numerous corrections saec. X–XI.
","Written no doubt at Freising. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v and the printed ex-libris on the inside of the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1766.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1766.jpg 1767,1376,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1276,"Origin uncertain: Northern Italy, Burgundy, and some part of Switzerland are possibilities. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",0,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1–9); Vita Sanctae Marinae; Augustinus, Homiliae (192, 143); Maximus Taurinensis, Sermones (50, 75); Ps- Augustinus, Quaestiones in Vetus et Novum Testamentum; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (17).",Parchment,,,"TM 67418",,"foll. 25v and 72v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00032655-3,"Script is a rude, but vigorous pre-Caroline minuscule interspersed with occasional uncial **B**, **ꝺ**, **M**, **N**, **R**, and **S** (as in Paris Lat. 9451, CLA [5.580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945)); shafts are wedge or club-shaped and often begin with a long horizontal; **g** is rather long; the shoulder of **r** curves upwards and extends over the following letter; the **ri** ligature is oversize; the **ti** ligature occurs for assibilated ti.","☛R. Gryson, Revue des études augustiniennes 39 (1993), p. 333–58.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1767,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1767,"Script is a rude, but vigorous pre-Caroline minuscule interspersed with occasional uncial B, ꝺ, M, N, R, and S (as in Paris Lat. 9451, CLA 5.580); shafts are wedge or club-shaped and often begin with a long horizontal; g is rather long; the shoulder of r curves upwards and extends over the following letter; the ri ligature is oversize; the ti ligature occurs for assibilated ti.
","Origin uncertain: Northern Italy, Burgundy, and some part of Switzerland are possibilities. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the usual twelfth-century Freising ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
","☛R. Gryson, Revue des études augustiniennes 39 (1993), p. 333–58.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1767.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1767.jpg 1768,1377,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1277,"Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, and used for rewriting at Benediktbeuern in the early ninth century. Provenance the Freising cathedral library.",,,,"Sacramentum Gregorianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67419",,"foll. 61v and 68",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064013-5,"Script is a graceful early minuscule: **a** has two forms; the script may be identical with that of the main scribe of CLM 4549 ([9.1241](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1725)).","☛G. Declercq, Early medieval palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, Brepols 2007, p. 55–71.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1768,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1768,"Script is a graceful early minuscule: a has two forms; the script may be identical with that of the main scribe of CLM 4549 (9.1241).
","Written apparently in Benediktbeuern or a neighbouring monastery, and used for rewriting at Benediktbeuern in the early ninth century. Provenance the Freising cathedral library.
","☛G. Declercq, Early medieval palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, Brepols 2007, p. 55–71.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1768.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1768.jpg 1769,1378,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1278,"Written no doubt at Freising, by the same scribe who wrote [CLM 6229](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736) (q.v.). The volume early formed part of the Freising cathedral library, as is evidenced by the ninth-century copy of Bishop Erchanbert's letter entered on fol. 44, the first leaf of our manuscript. There is good ground for considering that both our manuscript and [CLM 6297](https://cla.davkell.com/catalogue/1751) written by the Anglo-Saxon Peregrinus derive from a common Anglo-Saxon ancestor.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (32–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67420",,"fol. 47v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00054507-2,"Script is an early minuscule: v-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; **Q** has the curious form in which the two arcs cross at the base. Slight corrections by an Insular hand are seen on foll. 47v and 54.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1769,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1769,"Script is an early minuscule: v-shaped u occurs at line-ends; Q has the curious form in which the two arcs cross at the base. Slight corrections by an Insular hand are seen on foll. 47v and 54.
","Written no doubt at Freising, by the same scribe who wrote CLM 6229 (q.v.). The volume early formed part of the Freising cathedral library, as is evidenced by the ninth-century copy of Bishop Erchanbert's letter entered on fol. 44, the first leaf of our manuscript. There is good ground for considering that both our manuscript and CLM 6297 written by the Anglo-Saxon Peregrinus derive from a common Anglo-Saxon ancestor.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1769.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1769.jpg 1770,1379,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1279,"Written in Southern Germany, possibly in Freising. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2.",,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67421",,"fol. 31v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00054508-8,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a German type in vogue in the Lake Constance region and also encountered in some Freising manuscripts (CLM 6303, 6305, and 6309, CLA [9.1268](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1758), [1269](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759), [1272](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1763)): **a** has two forms, the open **a** predominating; both **d** and uncial **ꝺ** are used; ligatures are numerous and include **fi** and **nt** even in mid-word. A few ninth-century corrections. The last page, originally left blank, has ninth-century entries.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3066.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1770,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1770,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of a German type in vogue in the Lake Constance region and also encountered in some Freising manuscripts (CLM 6303, 6305, and 6309, CLA 9.1268, 1269, 1272): a has two forms, the open a predominating; both d and uncial ꝺ are used; ligatures are numerous and include fi and nt even in mid-word. A few ninth-century corrections. The last page, originally left blank, has ninth-century entries.
","Written in Southern Germany, possibly in Freising. Provenance the Freising cathedral library: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3066.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1770.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1770.jpg 1771,1380,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1280,"Written at Freising to judge by the script. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v.",,,,"Rufinus, Historia Monachorum in Aegypto; Hieronymus, Vita Hilarionis, Vita Malchi, Vita Pauli; Athanasius, Vita Antonii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67422",,"foll. 67, 77, and 138 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047273-2,"Script represents various forms of early minuscule, by five different hands; the script of fol. 93 seems to be identical with that of [CLM 6305](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1759), foll. 143v–144v ; the script of foll. 138–141v is closely akin to that of CLM 6305, fol. 130; one hand uses Insular **Ᵹ** and a curious ligature of **ro**, both seen on CLA plate. Ninth-century corrections.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3070. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1771,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1771,"Script represents various forms of early minuscule, by five different hands; the script of fol. 93 seems to be identical with that of CLM 6305, foll. 143v–144v ; the script of foll. 138–141v is closely akin to that of CLM 6305, fol. 130; one hand uses Insular Ᵹ and a curious ligature of ro, both seen on CLA plate. Ninth-century corrections.
","Written at Freising to judge by the script. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1v.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3070.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1771.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1771.jpg 1772,1381,"Caroline and Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1281,"Written presumably at Verona, to judge by the script. Our manuscript was completed in some German centre early in the ninth century. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and a printed ex-libris is seen on the inside of the front cover.",,,,Iuvencus.,Parchment,,,"TM 67423",,"foll. 6v and 29 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00019036-0,"Script is early minuscule by two very different hands: the first (foll. 1–18v) writes a graceful Caroline minuscule recalling a hand in the Berlin Egino-Codex from Verona (CLA [8.1057](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517)); the second (foll. 19–40v) writes a rather stately script with many ligatures: **i**-longa occurs frequently and irregularly; the **et** ligature with the tag at the top is noteworthy. Variant readings in the margin are usually encircled by dots. Critical points as aids in construction occur passim; the sign **K** occurs frequently to mark the beginning of a chapter. Many later glosses.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3073. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 536.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1772,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1772,"Script is early minuscule by two very different hands: the first (foll. 1–18v) writes a graceful Caroline minuscule recalling a hand in the Berlin Egino-Codex from Verona (CLA 8.1057); the second (foll. 19–40v) writes a rather stately script with many ligatures: i-longa occurs frequently and irregularly; the et ligature with the tag at the top is noteworthy. Variant readings in the margin are usually encircled by dots. Critical points as aids in construction occur passim; the sign K occurs frequently to mark the beginning of a chapter. Many later glosses.
","Written presumably at Verona, to judge by the script. Our manuscript was completed in some German centre early in the ninth century. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the usual twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and a printed ex-libris is seen on the inside of the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3073. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 536.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1772.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1772.jpg 1774,1382,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,776,844,9,1282,"Written at Verona in the time of Pacificus (776–844). Provenance the Freising cathedral library. Must have reached Freising soon after it was written, since an early ninth-century copy of it exists in Freising script (CLM 13084, foll. 1–47). The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.",,,,"Alcuinus, De Rhetorica, De Dialectica; Augustinus, Soliloquium, De Trinitate; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67424",,"foll. 6 and 77v ",,,"Script is Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type, by seven distinct hands. Marginalia and corrections on foll. 3–6, etc., are in the hand of Archdeacon Pacificus of Verona, who also wrote the entire fol. 75v; **a** has two forms; **g** has various forms the one with the flat longish head is typical, the Insular form is seen on full. 82 ff.; **i**-longa is used initially and here and there medially; **o** occasionally has a small tuft; v-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; ligature is used now and then for assibilated **ti**.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1774,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1774,"Script is Caroline minuscule of the Veronese type, by seven distinct hands. Marginalia and corrections on foll. 3–6, etc., are in the hand of Archdeacon Pacificus of Verona, who also wrote the entire fol. 75v; a has two forms; g has various forms the one with the flat longish head is typical, the Insular form is seen on full. 82 ff.; i-longa is used initially and here and there medially; o occasionally has a small tuft; v-shaped u occurs at line-ends; ligature is used now and then for assibilated ti.
","Written at Verona in the time of Pacificus (776–844). Provenance the Freising cathedral library. Must have reached Freising soon after it was written, since an early ninth-century copy of it exists in Freising script (CLM 13084, foll. 1–47). The familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and a printed ex-libris is on the inside of the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1774.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1774.jpg 1775,1383,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1283,"Written at Freising by Peregrinus, the Anglo-Saxon scribe of CLM 6237 and 6297 (CLA [9.1253](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1739), [1263](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1751)). Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and the printed one is seen on the inside of the back cover.",,,,"Apophthegmata Patrum; Isidorus, Synonyma (2); Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (fragm.); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (13, 10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67425",,"Image shows the entire fol. 15v, excepting the quire-mark",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00004609-8,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: noteworthy is the **tio** ligature with the **o** above instead of below the **ti**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1775,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1775,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: noteworthy is the tio ligature with the o above instead of below the ti.
","Written at Freising by Peregrinus, the Anglo-Saxon scribe of CLM 6237 and 6297 (CLA 9.1253, 1263). Provenance the cathedral library of Freising: the familiar twelfth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 1, and the printed one is seen on the inside of the back cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1775.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1775.jpg 1776,1384,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1284,"Written at Freising as script shows. The manuscript comes from the Freising cathedral library.",,,,"Arnobius Iunior, Interpretatio Evangeliorum (incompl.); Hieronymus, Epistulae (Ad Nepotianum, Ad Paulinum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67426",,"foll. 26v and 31",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065411-0,"Script is a roundish early minuscule akin to that of [CLM 6279](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1747), [6282](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1748) (q.v.); the scribe manifestly copied an Irish exemplar and was puzzled by unfamiliar features which he unsuccessfully imitated, e.g. the ligature **tio**. Corrections by an Insular hand are seen on foll. 18, 21v, 26v.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1776,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1776,"Script is a roundish early minuscule akin to that of CLM 6279, 6282 (q.v.); the scribe manifestly copied an Irish exemplar and was puzzled by unfamiliar features which he unsuccessfully imitated, e.g. the ligature tio. Corrections by an Insular hand are seen on foll. 18, 21v, 26v.
","Written at Freising as script shows. The manuscript comes from the Freising cathedral library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1776.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1776.jpg 1777,1385,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1285,"Written at Freising, to judge by script and the relation of our manuscript to those of authenticated Freising origin. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Hibernensis (fragm.); Audax.",Parchment,,,"TM 67427",,"foll. 62 and 77v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065411-0,"Script presents various forms of early minuscule by five different hands, some of which are encountered in Freising manuscripts described above: the hand of foll. 74v ff. is identical with that of [CLM 6237](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1739), fol. 46 lines 14 ff.; the hand of fol. 77v lines 11 ff. is seen in [CLM 6282](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1748), fol. 87v, and [CLM 6312](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764), fol. 217; Insular influence is manifest (cf. fol. 62 lines 13 ff. seen on CLA plate).",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1777,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1777,"Script presents various forms of early minuscule by five different hands, some of which are encountered in Freising manuscripts described above: the hand of foll. 74v ff. is identical with that of CLM 6237, fol. 46 lines 14 ff.; the hand of fol. 77v lines 11 ff. is seen in CLM 6282, fol. 87v, and CLM 6312, fol. 217; Insular influence is manifest (cf. fol. 62 lines 13 ff. seen on CLA plate).
","Written at Freising, to judge by script and the relation of our manuscript to those of authenticated Freising origin. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1777.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1777.jpg 1778,1386,Uncial,VI²,551,600,9,1286a,"Written possibly in Spain, to judge by certain palaeographical peculiarities, but possibly in Africa, to judge by the nature of the text and its relation to St Augustine. The leaves were taken from medieval bindings of books from the Freising cathedral library. The Göttweig leaf comes from a manuscript of the Commentarii Notarum Tironianarum acquired by Abbot Gotfried Bessel between 1742–1749.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli Et Epistulae Catholicae (Vetus Latina, Rm, 1–2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, 1 Tim; Vulgata, Hbr, 1 Pt, 1 Io, fragm.).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Frisingensia. Freising Fragments.",,"TM 67428",,"Image from Munich Universitätsbibl. 4* 928, fol. 21v (De Bruyne's foliation)",,,"Script is a somewhat angular uncial: the bow of **A** is small and thin; the right stroke of **ꝺ** is long; descenders are markedly long, a feature of Visigothic uncial. The prologues and some notes seen on foll. 23 and 25 are by the scribe of the [next item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1779).","☛CLA provenance (apparently Spain) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Munich, Universitätsbibliothek Quarto 928.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1778,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1778,"Script is a somewhat angular uncial: the bow of A is small and thin; the right stroke of ꝺ is long; descenders are markedly long, a feature of Visigothic uncial. The prologues and some notes seen on foll. 23 and 25 are by the scribe of the next item.
","Written possibly in Spain, to judge by certain palaeographical peculiarities, but possibly in Africa, to judge by the nature of the text and its relation to St Augustine. The leaves were taken from medieval bindings of books from the Freising cathedral library. The Göttweig leaf comes from a manuscript of the Commentarii Notarum Tironianarum acquired by Abbot Gotfried Bessel between 1742–1749.
","☛CLA provenance (apparently Spain) changed to follow CLA 12 p. IX. ☛Formerly Munich, Universitätsbibliothek Quarto 928.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1778.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1778.jpg 1779,1387,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,9,1286b,"Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the Visigothic 'symptoms'. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising where it was used to strengthen bindings in the Middle Ages. On the Göttweig leaf see [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1778).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli et Epistulae Catholicae (Vetus Latina, Rm, Phil, 1 Th; Vulgata, Iac, 1–2 Pt, 2–3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,"Fragmenta Frisingensia. Freising Fragments.",,"TM 67429",,"Image from the reversed opening, foll. 35v-34 (De Bruyne's foliation)",,,"Script is uncial of a somewhat late type: the lower bow of **B** is open; the form of **𐌾** is noteworthy, since it strongly resembles the form later used in Visigothic minuscule; V-shaped **U** occurs suprascript at line-ends; ascenders are rather long.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1779,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1779,"Script is uncial of a somewhat late type: the lower bow of B is open; the form of 𐌾 is noteworthy, since it strongly resembles the form later used in Visigothic minuscule; V-shaped U occurs suprascript at line-ends; ascenders are rather long.
","Written presumably in Spain, to judge by the Visigothic 'symptoms'. Provenance the cathedral library of Freising where it was used to strengthen bindings in the Middle Ages. On the Göttweig leaf see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1779.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1779.jpg 1780,1388,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1287,"Written at Regensburg, to judge by the script and its connection with [CLM 14080](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1783). The volume in which the fragments are bound belonged to the monastery of Indersdorf near Freising: the ex-libris 'monasterii B.V.M. in Undenstorff 1647' stands on the first paper fly-leaf.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Lectionarium (Comes Duplex, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67430",,"Image from the front fly-leaf",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by the hand seen on fol. 91, col. 2, in CLM 14080 (CLA [9.1289a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1783)): **Ᵹ** regularly has the Insular form; various ligatures.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1780,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1780,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by the hand seen on fol. 91, col. 2, in CLM 14080 (CLA 9.1289a): Ᵹ regularly has the Insular form; various ligatures.
","Written at Regensburg, to judge by the script and its connection with CLM 14080. The volume in which the fragments are bound belonged to the monastery of Indersdorf near Freising: the ex-libris 'monasterii B.V.M. in Undenstorff 1647' stands on the first paper fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1780.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1780.jpg 1781,1389,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1288,"Written probably at Regensburg. The volume was certainly in the monastery of St Emmeram as early as the ninth century. It came into the municipal library of Regensburg in the sixteenth century. The making of an early copy of this manuscript is to be inferred from the entries (saec. VIII–IX) seen at the beginning of several quires giving the name of the scribe who was to copy certain portions of this his exemplar: one reads on fol. 46 'pars ratgozzi', on fol. 132 'IIII. pars hruommano', on fol. 174 'V. patariho', on fol. 204 'VI. alariho', on fol. 236 'VII. hahleiho' (a similar procedure is seen in Amiens 87 and 88, CLA [6.709](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1104)).",,49.0134,12.1016,"Ps- Hieronymus, In Epistulas Pauli.",Parchment,,,"TM 67431",,"fol. 136v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00042776-9,"Script is a careful roundish minuscule, encountered in a number of Regensburg manuscripts (cf. CLM 14080, foll. 34v ff., and the items there enumerated); a few lines on fol. 136v are of an earlier type. The added leaves and a part of fol. 157 are in a ninth-century hand seen in several Regensburg manuscripts. Many corrections by ninth-century Salzburg scribes, one of whom may be Baldo of Salzburg. A few names (saec. VIII–IX) are entered on various leaves.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 188. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3118.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1781,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1781,"Script is a careful roundish minuscule, encountered in a number of Regensburg manuscripts (cf. CLM 14080, foll. 34v ff., and the items there enumerated); a few lines on fol. 136v are of an earlier type. The added leaves and a part of fol. 157 are in a ninth-century hand seen in several Regensburg manuscripts. Many corrections by ninth-century Salzburg scribes, one of whom may be Baldo of Salzburg. A few names (saec. VIII–IX) are entered on various leaves.
","Written probably at Regensburg. The volume was certainly in the monastery of St Emmeram as early as the ninth century. It came into the municipal library of Regensburg in the sixteenth century. The making of an early copy of this manuscript is to be inferred from the entries (saec. VIII–IX) seen at the beginning of several quires giving the name of the scribe who was to copy certain portions of this his exemplar: one reads on fol. 46 'pars ratgozzi', on fol. 132 'IIII. pars hruommano', on fol. 174 'V. patariho', on fol. 204 'VI. alariho', on fol. 236 'VII. hahleiho' (a similar procedure is seen in Amiens 87 and 88, CLA 6.709).
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 188. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3118.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1781.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1781.jpg 1783,1390,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1289a,"Written manifestly at Regensburg, in the same scriptorium as [CLM 14653](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1804) and [14537](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801), to judge by palaeographical considerations. [Vienna 1218](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/220) is a manuscript of the same size and continues our text. Provenance the library of St Emmeram, as is evidenced by the librarian's entries on the front cover, and by the charter pasted on the inside.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Is, Ier). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67432",,"fol. 54 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00033094-9,"Script defies definition: it is neither pure majuscule nor pure minuscule, but it is evident that the scribe meant to distinguish the script of the text with its strong admixture of majuscule elements from the script of the capitulary (foll. [50–52v](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0003/bsb00033094/images/index.html?id=00033094&nativeno=50r)) which is distinctly minuscule; Continental influence is noticeable in both types which strongly recall CLM 14653; curious is the presence of utterly untried hands writing a few lines of text which betray Insular models; a skilful pre-Caroline hand using Insular **Ᵹ** is seen on foll. [90v–91v](http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0003/bsb00033094/images/index.html?id=00033094&nativeno=90v) (cf. also CLM 7678, CLA [9.1287](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1780)). Some corrections by the scribes of foll. 34–36, and some by later hands. Parts of foll. 111v and 112 originally left blank, were used by the scribe of fol. 34 to copy Gregory's Homily 21 on the Gospel. Some later notes and probationes pennae. On the last page, originally left blank, is an erased name 'R . . . . . . . t comes' (Reginbert?); underneath this is the entry 'louganperht, tuto, maxo' [in Greek letters]; Tuto was bishop of Regensburg (894–930); Louganperht is known to have donated books to the monastery of St Emmeram in Tuto's time.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 184–5.",4,3,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1783,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1783,"Script defies definition: it is neither pure majuscule nor pure minuscule, but it is evident that the scribe meant to distinguish the script of the text with its strong admixture of majuscule elements from the script of the capitulary (foll. 50–52v) which is distinctly minuscule; Continental influence is noticeable in both types which strongly recall CLM 14653; curious is the presence of utterly untried hands writing a few lines of text which betray Insular models; a skilful pre-Caroline hand using Insular Ᵹ is seen on foll. 90v–91v (cf. also CLM 7678, CLA 9.1287). Some corrections by the scribes of foll. 34–36, and some by later hands. Parts of foll. 111v and 112 originally left blank, were used by the scribe of fol. 34 to copy Gregory's Homily 21 on the Gospel. Some later notes and probationes pennae. On the last page, originally left blank, is an erased name 'R . . . . . . . t comes' (Reginbert?); underneath this is the entry 'louganperht, tuto, maxo' [in Greek letters]; Tuto was bishop of Regensburg (894–930); Louganperht is known to have donated books to the monastery of St Emmeram in Tuto's time.
","Written manifestly at Regensburg, in the same scriptorium as CLM 14653 and 14537, to judge by palaeographical considerations. Vienna 1218 is a manuscript of the same size and continues our text. Provenance the library of St Emmeram, as is evidenced by the librarian's entries on the front cover, and by the charter pasted on the inside.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 184–5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1783.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1783.jpg 1784,1391,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1289b,"Origin and provenance the same as for [9.1289a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1783).",,49.0134,12.1016,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Is 40.3–47.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 67433",,"fol. 34v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00033094-9,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two distinct scribes: one is seen on fol. 34; the other on foll. 34v ff. (the first, who also corrected the main part of the manuscript, and entered the homily of Gregory on foll. 111v and 112 is identical with the scribe of the main part of CLM 14166, foll. 72 ff. and CLM 14197): **a** has two forms; **ꝺ** is generally uncial; majuscule **R** and **S** occur here and there.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1784,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1784,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by two distinct scribes: one is seen on fol. 34; the other on foll. 34v ff. (the first, who also corrected the main part of the manuscript, and entered the homily of Gregory on foll. 111v and 112 is identical with the scribe of the main part of CLM 14166, foll. 72 ff. and CLM 14197): a has two forms; ꝺ is generally uncial; majuscule R and S occur here and there.
","Origin and provenance the same as for 9.1289a.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1784.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1784.jpg 1785,1392,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1290,"Written in the same centre as CLM 14379 (CLA [9.1296](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791)) and possibly in Murbach. By the eleventh century the volume formed part of the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the ex-libris (saec. XI) stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas (In Danielem, In Ioelem, In Micheam, In Naum, In Malachiam).",Parchment,,,"TM 67434",,"fol. 137v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00033093-3,"Script, by several hands, is round early Caroline minuscule with some pre-Caroline features: **a**, **d**, and **ꞇ** have two forms; the stem of **h** tends to lean back; the lower left limb of **x** here and there has a curious knob (cf. CLA [9.1296](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791), [1193](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1668)); the form of **z** is noteworthy; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; the form of **gg** on fol. 158 seems slavishly copied from an Insular exemplar. Ninth- and tenth-century corrections. A note on fol. 1 makes reference to the death of Abbot Baldwin of St Emmeram (†1324).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3130. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 228.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1785,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785,"Script, by several hands, is round early Caroline minuscule with some pre-Caroline features: a, d, and ꞇ have two forms; the stem of h tends to lean back; the lower left limb of x here and there has a curious knob (cf. CLA 9.1296, 1193); the form of z is noteworthy; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; the form of gg on fol. 158 seems slavishly copied from an Insular exemplar. Ninth- and tenth-century corrections. A note on fol. 1 makes reference to the death of Abbot Baldwin of St Emmeram (†1324).
","Written in the same centre as CLM 14379 (CLA 9.1296) and possibly in Murbach. By the eleventh century the volume formed part of the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the ex-libris (saec. XI) stands on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3130. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 228.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1785.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1785.jpg 1786,1393,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1291,"Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connections. Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg, as is evidenced by the ex-libris (saec. XI ex) on fol. 72. Our manuscript is apparently copied from an Insular exemplar and certain features must go back to an earlier exemplar in Visigothic.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (In Octateuchum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67435",,"fol. 178 ",,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00034750/image_145,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the bold main hand (also seen in CLM 14080, foll. 34, 111v f. and CLM 14197, CLA [9.1289b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1784), [1292](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1787)) is uneven and temperamental and indulges in a variety of forms; the general aspect of the script recalls North Italian types: **d**, **r**, and **s** are often uncial; **c** and **e** are often high and broken-backed; ligatures are numerous; Greek **⍵** occurs for **o**, and whole words or sentences are for no good reason transcribed in Greek letters—an Insular trick (on foll. 132, 136v, 172v). The second hand is seen on foll. 75v, 93v, 144v .",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1786,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1786,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two scribes; the bold main hand (also seen in CLM 14080, foll. 34, 111v f. and CLM 14197, CLA 9.1289b, 1292) is uneven and temperamental and indulges in a variety of forms; the general aspect of the script recalls North Italian types: d, r, and s are often uncial; c and e are often high and broken-backed; ligatures are numerous; Greek ⍵ occurs for o, and whole words or sentences are for no good reason transcribed in Greek letters—an Insular trick (on foll. 132, 136v, 172v). The second hand is seen on foll. 75v, 93v, 144v .
","Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connections. Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg, as is evidenced by the ex-libris (saec. XI ex) on fol. 72. Our manuscript is apparently copied from an Insular exemplar and certain features must go back to an earlier exemplar in Visigothic.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1786.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1786.jpg 1787,1394,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1292,"Written at Regensburg, to judge by its connexion with other products of the same scriptorium. Provenance the abbey of St Emmeram.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vulgata, Ez, Dn, Os, Ioel, Am, Abd, Ion, Mi, Na, Hab, So, Agg, Za, Mal).",Parchment,,,"TM 67436",,"fol. 100v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00035171-2,"Script, by one hand, is a bold Italianate pre-Caroline minuscule interspersed with uncial **𐌾**, **R**, and **S**; the same scribe wrote CLM 14080, foll. 34, 111v f. and CLM 14166, foll. 72 ff. (CLA [9.1289b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1784), [1291](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1786)). The scribe's entry 'XΠ' in the margin of fol. 123 is probably a mental confusion for **XP** standing for χρήσιμον. The final colophon on fol. 136v reads: 'GRATIA TIBI OMNIPOTENS DEUS SEMPER. FRATRES ORATE PRO ME AD DOMINUM'; and below this the scribe wrote 'SUIOANMIS', probably his cryptic signature which he also overlined as he did Nomina Sacra. A few entries by ninth-century hands.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1787,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1787,"Script, by one hand, is a bold Italianate pre-Caroline minuscule interspersed with uncial 𐌾, R, and S; the same scribe wrote CLM 14080, foll. 34, 111v f. and CLM 14166, foll. 72 ff. (CLA 9.1289b, 1291). The scribe's entry 'XΠ' in the margin of fol. 123 is probably a mental confusion for XP standing for χρήσιμον. The final colophon on fol. 136v reads: 'GRATIA TIBI OMNIPOTENS DEUS SEMPER. FRATRES ORATE PRO ME AD DOMINUM'; and below this the scribe wrote 'SUIOANMIS', probably his cryptic signature which he also overlined as he did Nomina Sacra. A few entries by ninth-century hands.
","Written at Regensburg, to judge by its connexion with other products of the same scriptorium. Provenance the abbey of St Emmeram.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1787.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1787.jpg 1788,1395,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1293,"Written no doubt at Regensburg, to judge from its kinship with CLM 13038 and 14080, foll. 34v ff. (CLA Nos. [9.1288](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1781), [1289b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1784)). Provenance the abbey of St Emmeram: the ex-libris 'Iste liber pertinet ad s[an]c[tu]m emmeram(m)um' (saec. XI–XII) stands on fol. 212v.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium S Iohannis (30–124).",Parchment,,,"TM 67437",,"fol. 14v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046651-7,"Script, by several hands, is a bold early Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures, including suprascript **a**: both Insular and Caroline **g** are used; uncial **R** is frequent in one hand. Some corrections saec. XI. A number of interesting sketches, probably saec. XII, are seen in the margins of foll. 54, 55, 85, 114, 132, and 165.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1788,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1788,"Script, by several hands, is a bold early Caroline minuscule with numerous ligatures, including suprascript a: both Insular and Caroline g are used; uncial R is frequent in one hand. Some corrections saec. XI. A number of interesting sketches, probably saec. XII, are seen in the margins of foll. 54, 55, 85, 114, 132, and 165.
","Written no doubt at Regensburg, to judge from its kinship with CLM 13038 and 14080, foll. 34v ff. (CLA Nos. 9.1288, 1289b). Provenance the abbey of St Emmeram: the ex-libris 'Iste liber pertinet ad s[an]c[tu]m emmeram(m)um' (saec. XI–XII) stands on fol. 212v.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1788.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1788.jpg 1789,1396,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1294,"Written probably in the Salzburg region, if not in Salzburg itself. A Salzburg copy of our manuscript is seen in CLM 16128 (CLA [9.1313](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814). The manuscript seems to have been at Regensburg as early as the eleventh century, since a probatio pennae of that date on the front fly-leaf must refer to St Wolfgang, bishop of Regensburg (972–994). A St Emmeram ex-libris saec. XVIII on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Sententiae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67438",,"fol. 69 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046640-6,"Script, by more than one hand, is dignified, well-formed Caroline minuscule: **g** is often 3-shaped; the lower left limb of **x** is long and almost perpendicular (as in some other Salzburg manuscripts); half-uncial is used in the display opening of Book 3 of the Sententiae after lines of capital and uncial as in other Salzburg products under French influence. Many later corrections.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3150. ☛Cazier, Corpus Christianorum 111, p. LXV.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1789,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1789,"Script, by more than one hand, is dignified, well-formed Caroline minuscule: g is often 3-shaped; the lower left limb of x is long and almost perpendicular (as in some other Salzburg manuscripts); half-uncial is used in the display opening of Book 3 of the Sententiae after lines of capital and uncial as in other Salzburg products under French influence. Many later corrections.
","Written probably in the Salzburg region, if not in Salzburg itself. A Salzburg copy of our manuscript is seen in CLM 16128 (CLA 9.1313. The manuscript seems to have been at Regensburg as early as the eleventh century, since a probatio pennae of that date on the front fly-leaf must refer to St Wolfgang, bishop of Regensburg (972–994). A St Emmeram ex-libris saec. XVIII on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3150. ☛Cazier, Corpus Christianorum 111, p. LXV.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1789.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1789.jpg 1790,1397,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1295,"Origin uncertain: a South French centre under Spanish influence seems likely; the same centre produced CLM 14674 (CLA [9.1308](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1806)). The volume must have reached St Emmeram at Regensburg by the end of the tenth century, as is evidenced by the librarian's entry on fol. 152v in a hand which occurs in other St Emmeram manuscripts.",2,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 67439",,"fol. 99v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046606-7,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by three hands: certain groups of letters have a distinct Visigothic look (**ec**, **ex**); **d** has mostly the uncial form; the cedilla of **e** is very long and 6-shaped; v or cup-shaped suprascript **u** occurs at line-ends a feature much affected by Visigothic scribes. Opposite Isidore's words on fol. 109v 'heu me miserum inexplicabilibus nodis adstrictum' our scribe noted: ‘hic se Esidorus causa honoris sui deplorat'. A single Nota Tironiana occurs on fol. 142v. Neumes are seen in the margin of fol. 2.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1790,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1790,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by three hands: certain groups of letters have a distinct Visigothic look (ec, ex); d has mostly the uncial form; the cedilla of e is very long and 6-shaped; v or cup-shaped suprascript u occurs at line-ends a feature much affected by Visigothic scribes. Opposite Isidore's words on fol. 109v 'heu me miserum inexplicabilibus nodis adstrictum' our scribe noted: ‘hic se Esidorus causa honoris sui deplorat'. A single Nota Tironiana occurs on fol. 142v. Neumes are seen in the margin of fol. 2.
","Origin uncertain: a South French centre under Spanish influence seems likely; the same centre produced CLM 14674 (CLA 9.1308). The volume must have reached St Emmeram at Regensburg by the end of the tenth century, as is evidenced by the librarian's entry on fol. 152v in a hand which occurs in other St Emmeram manuscripts.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1790.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1790.jpg 1791,1398,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1296,"Written in the same German centre that produced [CLM 14082](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785), possibly at Murbach. The scribe's subscription (fol. 113v), now mostly illegible, gives neither name nor place. The volume later belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67440",,"fol. 94v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046508-3,"Script is a graceful, round early Caroline minuscule by an expert scribe; it is akin to hands seen in CLM 14082 (CLA [9.1290](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785)): noteworthy is the **x** which invariably has a knob on the left down-stroke, also seen here and there in CLM 14082; **a** and **d** have two forms; **y** is dotted and its right branch sweeps s-like below the line. Numerous Old High German glosses are entered with a stilus.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3162. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 576.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1791,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791,"Script is a graceful, round early Caroline minuscule by an expert scribe; it is akin to hands seen in CLM 14082 (CLA 9.1290): noteworthy is the x which invariably has a knob on the left down-stroke, also seen here and there in CLM 14082; a and d have two forms; y is dotted and its right branch sweeps s-like below the line. Numerous Old High German glosses are entered with a stilus.
","Written in the same German centre that produced CLM 14082, possibly at Murbach. The scribe's subscription (fol. 113v), now mostly illegible, gives neither name nor place. The volume later belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3162. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 576.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1791.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1791.jpg 1793,1399,"Early and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1297,"Written at Regensburg, probably by a scribe Maccho; due to his long subscription on fol. 159. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the tenth-century ex-libris 'Iste lib ptin& ad scm Emmer' also stands on fol. 159. Written at Regensburg, probably by the scribe Maccho; his long subscription on fol. 159 reads: 'DEO GRATIAS. AMEN. Amice qui legis retro digitis teneas ne subito litteras deleas quia qui nescit scribere nullum se putat habere laborem. Orate pro scriptorem si deum habeatis in omnibus protectorem. MACChω'. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the tenth-century stands on fol. 159.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Hieremiam.",Parchment,,,"TM 67441",,"fol. 34v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046482-7,"Script of the main hand is early Caroline minuscule, akin to the hand of CLM 14457 (CLA [9.1299](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1795)), while that of the other hands can only be described as pre-Caroline, and even the main scribe lapses into the ruder type (fol. 100v). An Insular hand added various critical signs passim in the margins, as **l** for 'lege', quotation-marks, and entire words (foll. 73v, 85v): it is the hand of the scribe of CLM 14666 (saec. IX). ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3191. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 190–1. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 584.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1793,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1793,"Script of the main hand is early Caroline minuscule, akin to the hand of CLM 14457 (CLA 9.1299), while that of the other hands can only be described as pre-Caroline, and even the main scribe lapses into the ruder type (fol. 100v). An Insular hand added various critical signs passim in the margins, as l for 'lege', quotation-marks, and entire words (foll. 73v, 85v): it is the hand of the scribe of CLM 14666 (saec. IX).
","Written at Regensburg, probably by a scribe Maccho; due to his long subscription on fol. 159. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the tenth-century ex-libris 'Iste lib ptin& ad scm Emmer' also stands on fol. 159. Written at Regensburg, probably by the scribe Maccho; his long subscription on fol. 159 reads: 'DEO GRATIAS. AMEN. Amice qui legis retro digitis teneas ne subito litteras deleas quia qui nescit scribere nullum se putat habere laborem. Orate pro scriptorem si deum habeatis in omnibus protectorem. MACChω'. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the tenth-century stands on fol. 159.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3191. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 190–1. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 584.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1793.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1793.jpg 1794,1400,"Irish Majuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,9,1298,"Origin doubtless Ireland. Palimpsested by a ninth-century Irish scribe, most likely at Reichenau, as is suggested by literary and historical considerations: the text of our Glossary seems to have been the source for the Glossarium Salomonis, and two other manuscripts written by this same scribe—CLM 14423 and 14459, both from Regensburg—were copied from Reichenau exemplars. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67442",,"fol. 9 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046470-1,"Script is an expert, large-size Irish majuscule: **d**, **n**, **r**, **ꞅ** seem to be the normal forms.","☛A. Dold, L. Eizenhöfer, D. Wright, Das irische Palimpsestsakramentar im Clm 14429 der Staatsbibliothek München (Beuron/Hohenz, 1964). ☛Gamber, CLLA 211. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 243. ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests (Bibliologia 26) no. 20.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1794,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1794,"Script is an expert, large-size Irish majuscule: d, n, r, ꞅ seem to be the normal forms.
","Origin doubtless Ireland. Palimpsested by a ninth-century Irish scribe, most likely at Reichenau, as is suggested by literary and historical considerations: the text of our Glossary seems to have been the source for the Glossarium Salomonis, and two other manuscripts written by this same scribe—CLM 14423 and 14459, both from Regensburg—were copied from Reichenau exemplars. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg.
","☛A. Dold, L. Eizenhöfer, D. Wright, Das irische Palimpsestsakramentar im Clm 14429 der Staatsbibliothek München (Beuron/Hohenz, 1964). ☛Gamber, CLLA 211. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 243. ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests (Bibliologia 26) no. 20.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1794.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1794.jpg 1795,1401,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1299,"Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connections. Provenance the library of St Emmeram.",,49.0134,12.1016,"Origenes, Homiliae (In 1 Regum, In Canticum Canticorum, trans.); Eucherius, Instructiones; Dio Chrysostomus, Orationes; Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (In Regum, In Esdram, In Maccabaeos).",Parchment,,,"TM 67443",,"fol. 57 ",,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0001/bsb00014260/image_63,"Script is a graceful, roundish early Caroline minuscule, closely akin to that of the main hand of CLM 14425 and foll. 34v ff. of CLM 14080 (CLA [9.1297](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1793), [1289b](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1784)): two forms of **a**, **d**, and **t** are used; uncial **R** occurs here and there; ligatures are numerous. Corrections saec. IX and X.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2, no. 3203. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1795,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1795,"Script is a graceful, roundish early Caroline minuscule, closely akin to that of the main hand of CLM 14425 and foll. 34v ff. of CLM 14080 (CLA 9.1297, 1289b): two forms of a, d, and t are used; uncial R occurs here and there; ligatures are numerous. Corrections saec. IX and X.
","Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connections. Provenance the library of St Emmeram.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2, no. 3203.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1795.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1795.jpg 1796,1402,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1300,"Written probably in Southern Germany, and in the scriptorium which produced CLM 29158 b (CLA [9.1338](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1839)). Our manuscript comes from St Emmeram, as does its direct ninth-century copy, CLM 14469, which may have actually originated there.",,,,"Homiliae Patrum; Iustus Urgellensis, In Canticum Canticorum; Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (10, 58, 233).",Parchment,,,"TM 67444",,"foll. 3v and 37v",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00022361-7,"Script, by several hands, shows various types of early Caroline minuscule: **a** and **d** have two forms; one scribe uses a curious, bizarre form of **z** (seen also in CLM 29158 b; cf. CLA [1338](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1839)). In Iustus's Commentary on the Canticle **k** or a cross precedes the lemmata.","☛R. E. Guglielmetti, La tradizione dei commenti latini al cantico dei cantici, Florence 2006, no. 557. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3212.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1796,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1796,"Script, by several hands, shows various types of early Caroline minuscule: a and d have two forms; one scribe uses a curious, bizarre form of z (seen also in CLM 29158 b; cf. CLA 1338). In Iustus's Commentary on the Canticle k or a cross precedes the lemmata.
","Written probably in Southern Germany, and in the scriptorium which produced CLM 29158 b (CLA 9.1338). Our manuscript comes from St Emmeram, as does its direct ninth-century copy, CLM 14469, which may have actually originated there.
","☛R. E. Guglielmetti, La tradizione dei commenti latini al cantico dei cantici, Florence 2006, no. 557. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3212.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1796.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1796.jpg 1797,1403,"Maurdramnus Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1301,"Written at Corbie. Later in the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg. Eleventh-century entries on foll. 19, 22, 31v, 50 may be in the hand of Otloh of St Emmeram, known for his interest in the works of St Augustine.",,49.9077,2.5119,"Augustinus, Enchiridion.",Parchment,,,"TM 67445",,"fol. 74v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00046307-7,"Script is well-formed minuscule of the Maurdramnus type.","☛Written at Corbie for export (Ganz, 1990). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3216. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung, p. 358",,,10,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1797,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1797,"Script is well-formed minuscule of the Maurdramnus type.
","Written at Corbie. Later in the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg. Eleventh-century entries on foll. 19, 22, 31v, 50 may be in the hand of Otloh of St Emmeram, known for his interest in the works of St Augustine.
","☛Written at Corbie for export (Ganz, 1990). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3216. ☛Kurz Die Handschriftliche überlieferung, p. 358
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1797.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1797.jpg 1799,1404,"Caroline and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1302,"Origin uncertain: a centre in Southern France seems probable. Provenance the monastery library of St Emmeram, as binding and old press-mark show.",2,,,"Augustinus, Speculum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67446",,"foll. 76v and 137",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047299-5,"Script, in part uncalligraphic, shows various types of minuscule by at least five different hands, with some using a number of cursive elements; noteworthy is the form of capital **N** at beginning of a sentence with first upright turning to the left and the oblique very low; striking is the early occurrence of the added, unfunctional vertical in the bow of **C** and even in the **E** when in ligature with **t**. An eleventh-century hand rewrote the whole fol. 73v after it had been erased.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3226. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung, p. 359.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1799,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1799,"Script, in part uncalligraphic, shows various types of minuscule by at least five different hands, with some using a number of cursive elements; noteworthy is the form of capital N at beginning of a sentence with first upright turning to the left and the oblique very low; striking is the early occurrence of the added, unfunctional vertical in the bow of C and even in the E when in ligature with t. An eleventh-century hand rewrote the whole fol. 73v after it had been erased.
","Origin uncertain: a centre in Southern France seems probable. Provenance the monastery library of St Emmeram, as binding and old press-mark show.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3226. ☛Kurz, Die Handschriftliche überlieferung, p. 359.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1799.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1799.jpg 1800,1405,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1303,"Origin uncertain: several palaeographical features point to a Southwest German centre with Insular traditions. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg, as is attested by the fifteenth-century binding and the press-mark on the front cover.",2,,,"Collectio Canonum Dionysio-Hadriana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67447",,"fol. 65v ",,http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0006/bsb00065763/images/,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule showing unmistakable Insular traces: the first scribe frequently uses **R** and round **S**; the second (foll. 31v–80) uses the long Insular minuscule **r**. An addition to the text entered saec. IX on fol. 1. Ninth-century corrections.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3227.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1800,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1800,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule showing unmistakable Insular traces: the first scribe frequently uses R and round S; the second (foll. 31v–80) uses the long Insular minuscule r. An addition to the text entered saec. IX on fol. 1. Ninth-century corrections.
","Origin uncertain: several palaeographical features point to a Southwest German centre with Insular traditions. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg, as is attested by the fifteenth-century binding and the press-mark on the front cover.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3227.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1800.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1800.jpg 1801,1406,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1304,"Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connexions. Our manuscript is a direct copy of CLM 6312 from Freising (CLA [9.1273](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1764)), as a minute comparison of the two convincingly proves. It belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the rare ninth-century ex-libris seen on fol. 1 reads 'iste lib ptin& ad scm emmeramum'.",,,,"Ps- Augustinus, Quaestiones in Vetus et Novum Testamentum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67448",,"foll. 1v and 147v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065766-8,"Script of the main part is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule similar to that of CLM 14540 (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1802)) and apparently identical with that of Vienna 1218 and part of CLM 14653 (CLA [9.1307](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1804)): **a** regularly has the Caroline (uncial) form; uncial **ꝺ** occurs frequently; **g** descends well below the line. Parts of foll. 56, 147v, 190, 215, and 215v are by other hands; the script of fol. 147v especially, with Insular **Ᵹ** and two forms of **r** and **s**, verges on Insular majuscule.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1801,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801,"Script of the main part is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule similar to that of CLM 14540 (see next item) and apparently identical with that of Vienna 1218 and part of CLM 14653 (CLA 9.1307): a regularly has the Caroline (uncial) form; uncial ꝺ occurs frequently; g descends well below the line. Parts of foll. 56, 147v, 190, 215, and 215v are by other hands; the script of fol. 147v especially, with Insular Ᵹ and two forms of r and s, verges on Insular majuscule.
","Written at Regensburg, to judge by its palaeographical connexions. Our manuscript is a direct copy of CLM 6312 from Freising (CLA 9.1273), as a minute comparison of the two convincingly proves. It belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg: the rare ninth-century ex-libris seen on fol. 1 reads 'iste lib ptin& ad scm emmeramum'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1801.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1801.jpg 1802,1407,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1305,"Origin uncertain, apparently North Italy, and possibly Verona; curiously enough the same type of script is seen in several Regensburg codices (cf. [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801)). The interesting inscription on fol. 1 (saec. X in.) perhaps related to Louganpert, who is known to have presented a number of codices to the monastery of St Emmeram 'pro Tutone episcopo'; Tuto was bishop of Regensburg between 894 and 930. Our volume was read by the humanist Johannes Aventinus of Regensburg (†1534), whose marginal notes occur passim.",1,,,"Leo Magnus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67449",,"foll. 1v and 145",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064057-8,"Script, similar to that of CLM 14537 (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801)), is a stately, early Caroline minuscule: the bow of **a** is broad and starts almost at the head line; **ꝺ** often has the uncial form; **g** descends well below the line; the odd form of capital **G** seen on the last line of the title page is like the one seen in the title of the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801). The script of the corrections is more cursive and seems North Italian.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1802,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1802,"Script, similar to that of CLM 14537 (see preceding item), is a stately, early Caroline minuscule: the bow of a is broad and starts almost at the head line; ꝺ often has the uncial form; g descends well below the line; the odd form of capital G seen on the last line of the title page is like the one seen in the title of the preceding item. The script of the corrections is more cursive and seems North Italian.
","Origin uncertain, apparently North Italy, and possibly Verona; curiously enough the same type of script is seen in several Regensburg codices (cf. preceding item). The interesting inscription on fol. 1 (saec. X in.) perhaps related to Louganpert, who is known to have presented a number of codices to the monastery of St Emmeram 'pro Tutone episcopo'; Tuto was bishop of Regensburg between 894 and 930. Our volume was read by the humanist Johannes Aventinus of Regensburg (†1534), whose marginal notes occur passim.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1802.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1802.jpg 1803,1408,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex (post 779)",780,800,9,1306,"Written at Fulda. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg, as the fifteenth-century binding proves.",,50.5558,9.6808,"Duo Carmina; Tabulae Paschales cum Adnotationibus ('Annales Lindisfarnenses' et Annales Fuldenses Antiquissimi); Plinius Minor, Epistulae (1.6, 6.10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67450",,"fol. 32v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065770-2,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with occasional admixture of majuscule: **G**, **M**, and **R** often have the uncial form; **S** takes on a bizarre form resembling **Z**. The oldest annalistic entries made by the scribe are the same as the Lindisfarne annals in the Münster fragments (CLA [9.1233](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1715)); the latest entry by the original hand is the obit of Abbot Sturmi (†779). Other annalistic entries are by somewhat later Anglo-Saxon and Caroline hands from Fulda. Fulda minuscule saec. IX¹ is used for entering some verses on fol. 32 and two letters of Pliny the Younger and some miscellaneous matter on foll. 46–47v.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1803,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1803,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with occasional admixture of majuscule: G, M, and R often have the uncial form; S takes on a bizarre form resembling Z. The oldest annalistic entries made by the scribe are the same as the Lindisfarne annals in the Münster fragments (CLA 9.1233); the latest entry by the original hand is the obit of Abbot Sturmi (†779). Other annalistic entries are by somewhat later Anglo-Saxon and Caroline hands from Fulda. Fulda minuscule saec. IX¹ is used for entering some verses on fol. 32 and two letters of Pliny the Younger and some miscellaneous matter on foll. 46–47v.
","Written at Fulda. Provenance the library of St Emmeram at Regensburg, as the fifteenth-century binding proves.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1803.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1803.jpg 1804,1409,"Anglo-Saxon and Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1307,"Written manifestly at Regensburg, and in the same scriptorium as [CLM 14080](https:/elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1778) and [14537](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801), as palaeographical considerations amply show. Provenance the library of St Emmeram, as witnessed by the librarian's entries on the cover and on the first page.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Evangelium Iohannis (30–55).",Parchment,,,"TM 67451",,"foll. 29v and 56 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047301-0,"Script is mainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule under Continental influence with a considerable admixture of majuscule of the compressed type; one hand strongly recalls the script of CLM 14080 (CLA [9.1289a](https:/elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1778)); three Continental hands collaborated, writing some short passages; the one seen on fol. 113, lines 13 ff. seems identifiable with the main hand of CLM 14537 (CLA [9.1304](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1801)); another hand seen on fol. 56r–v shows Insular influence and makes final **t** in a manner recalling Visigothic penmanship. Two notes on foll. 1 and 181 by an eleventh-century hand recall the marginal entries of Marianus of Regensburg (cf. Chroust, Mon. Pal., 1.2, Lief. 10.1).",,,3,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1804,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1804,"Script is mainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule under Continental influence with a considerable admixture of majuscule of the compressed type; one hand strongly recalls the script of CLM 14080 (CLA 9.1289a); three Continental hands collaborated, writing some short passages; the one seen on fol. 113, lines 13 ff. seems identifiable with the main hand of CLM 14537 (CLA 9.1304); another hand seen on fol. 56r–v shows Insular influence and makes final t in a manner recalling Visigothic penmanship. Two notes on foll. 1 and 181 by an eleventh-century hand recall the marginal entries of Marianus of Regensburg (cf. Chroust, Mon. Pal., 1.2, Lief. 10.1).
","Written manifestly at Regensburg, and in the same scriptorium as CLM 14080 and 14537, as palaeographical considerations amply show. Provenance the library of St Emmeram, as witnessed by the librarian's entries on the cover and on the first page.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1804.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1804.jpg 1806,1410,"Pre-Caroline and Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1308,"Written apparently in Southern France, in a centre under Spanish influence which also produced [CLM 14325](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1790). Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae ad Hedibiam et alios.",Parchment,,,"TM 67452",,"foll. 5v and 105",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065775-8,"Script is by two hands: the first hand is an early Caroline minuscule probably identical with that seen on foll. 8ff. of CLM 14325 (CLA [9.1295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1790)); the general look of this hand has something of the Visigothic about it; the second hand (on foll. 27v–29v, 33v–34, 105) has some Merovingian features. The cedilla of **e** is 6-shaped. An eleventh-century hand repeats on foll. 129v–131 Jerome's letter 76 which already stands on foll. 112 ff.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1806,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1806,"Script is by two hands: the first hand is an early Caroline minuscule probably identical with that seen on foll. 8ff. of CLM 14325 (CLA 9.1295); the general look of this hand has something of the Visigothic about it; the second hand (on foll. 27v–29v, 33v–34, 105) has some Merovingian features. The cedilla of e is 6-shaped. An eleventh-century hand repeats on foll. 129v–131 Jerome's letter 76 which already stands on foll. 112 ff.
","Written apparently in Southern France, in a centre under Spanish influence which also produced CLM 14325. Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1806.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1806.jpg 1808,1411,"Early Caroline Minuscule","IX in",801,825,9,1309,"Written in a German scriptorium under Insular influence. Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg, at least from the fifteenth century, as is proved by the binding.",,,,"Capitulare Theodulfi.",Parchment,,,"TM 67453",,"foll. 139 and 157 ",,,"Script is minuscule of two different types: the main hand writes a somewhat crude early Caroline minuscule with closed **a** and open **a**; the hand on foll. 155–166 has more the Caroline proportions but its general aspect betrays Insular influence; closely related to this hand is the script of the fragment of Numeri in Erlangen Univ. 2112.4.","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3251. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 607. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1808,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1808,"Script is minuscule of two different types: the main hand writes a somewhat crude early Caroline minuscule with closed a and open a; the hand on foll. 155–166 has more the Caroline proportions but its general aspect betrays Insular influence; closely related to this hand is the script of the fragment of Numeri in Erlangen Univ. 2112.4.
","Written in a German scriptorium under Insular influence. Provenance St Emmeram at Regensburg, at least from the fifteenth century, as is proved by the binding.
","☛CLA date (VIII–IX) changed to follow Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3251. ☛Bergmann, Verzeichnis der Glossenhandschriften, 607.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1808.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1808.jpg 1810,1412,"Pre-Caroline and Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1310,"Origin uncertain, possibly France. The manuscript belonged to St Emmeram's at Regensburg, as is evidenced by an entry inserted on the parchment binding by Dionysius Menger, the librarian ca. 1500, and by the press-marks '81' and 'Z 26'.",3,,,"Canones Poenitentiales Theodori; Canones Apostolorum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67454",,"foll. 34v, 52, and 83 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047302-5,"Script, by four scribes, is partly pre-Caroline and partly Caroline minuscule; the first hand indulges in some unusual ligatures of **roe**, **rof**, **rom** (foll. 8v, 9v, 79v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3266. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 254–5.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1810,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1810,"Script, by four scribes, is partly pre-Caroline and partly Caroline minuscule; the first hand indulges in some unusual ligatures of roe, rof, rom (foll. 8v, 9v, 79v).
","Origin uncertain, possibly France. The manuscript belonged to St Emmeram's at Regensburg, as is evidenced by an entry inserted on the parchment binding by Dionysius Menger, the librarian ca. 1500, and by the press-marks '81' and 'Z 26'.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3266. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 254–5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1810.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1810.jpg 1811,1413,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1311,"Origin uncertain, possibly France. The manuscript belonged to St Emmeram's in the fifteenth century (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1810)).",3,,,"Poenitentiale Burgundense (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67455",,"Entire fol. 87 shown",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00047302-5,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule. A prayer in crude minuscule saec. IX is seen on fol. 91.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3267.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1811,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1811,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule. A prayer in crude minuscule saec. IX is seen on fol. 91.
","Origin uncertain, possibly France. The manuscript belonged to St Emmeram's in the fifteenth century (see preceding item).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3267.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1811.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1811.jpg 1813,1414,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,9,1312,"Origin uncertain, most likely Italy, to judge by script and spelling. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in manuscripts belonging to St Emmeram at Regensburg.",3,,,"Ps- Apuleius, De Herbis; Ps- Hippocrates, Ad Maecenatem (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67456",,"Entire fol. 2 of CLM 15028 shown",,,"Script is a not very expert but natural uncial by several scribes.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29134.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1813,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1813,"Script is a not very expert but natural uncial by several scribes.
","Origin uncertain, most likely Italy, to judge by script and spelling. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in manuscripts belonging to St Emmeram at Regensburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29134.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1813.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1813.jpg 1814,1415,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1313,"Written at Salzburg, to judge by the palaeography. The first two works of Isidore are copied from CLM 14300 (CLA [9.1294](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1789)). Later our manuscript belonged to the church library of St Nicholas at Passau: the ex-libris 'S. N' (saec. XIV) stands on fol. 3 and the later one 'Iste liber est Ecclie scꞇi Nicolai Patauie' (saec. XV) stands on first and last fly-leaves and on fol. 104.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum, Sententiae, De Officiis Ecclesiasticis; Hieronymus, Epistula ad Minervium et Alexandrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67457",,"foll. 42 and 162v",,,"Script is graceful, well-formed early Caroline minuscule by two or more scribes; the hand seen on foll. 149v and following is similar to that of [CLM 5508](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1732) (foll. 166v ff.) and of Salzburg, St Peter A. 9. 16 written for Bishop Arno (784–821); the form of **x**, the **or** and **nt** ligatures are typical. An entry in Rustic capital saec. IX on the otherwise blank last page (fol. 296v) reads: 'EGO FOLRADVS ·P· (presbyter?) HVNC LBRM CRXV' (librum caraxavi); although the name ‘Folradus' occurs in the Ordo Sacerdotum in the Liber Confraternitatum of St Peter of Salzburg, this statement is hardly to be taken literally, since more than one scribe wrote the book and such a subscription was not usually relegated to a back fly-leaf when there was room for it at the end of the text.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1814,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1814,"Script is graceful, well-formed early Caroline minuscule by two or more scribes; the hand seen on foll. 149v and following is similar to that of CLM 5508 (foll. 166v ff.) and of Salzburg, St Peter A. 9. 16 written for Bishop Arno (784–821); the form of x, the or and nt ligatures are typical. An entry in Rustic capital saec. IX on the otherwise blank last page (fol. 296v) reads: 'EGO FOLRADVS ·P· (presbyter?) HVNC LBRM CRXV' (librum caraxavi); although the name ‘Folradus' occurs in the Ordo Sacerdotum in the Liber Confraternitatum of St Peter of Salzburg, this statement is hardly to be taken literally, since more than one scribe wrote the book and such a subscription was not usually relegated to a back fly-leaf when there was room for it at the end of the text.
","Written at Salzburg, to judge by the palaeography. The first two works of Isidore are copied from CLM 14300 (CLA 9.1294). Later our manuscript belonged to the church library of St Nicholas at Passau: the ex-libris 'S. N' (saec. XIV) stands on fol. 3 and the later one 'Iste liber est Ecclie scꞇi Nicolai Patauie' (saec. XV) stands on first and last fly-leaves and on fol. 104.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1814.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1814.jpg 1815,1416,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1314,"Written no doubt at Freising (see under CLM 6229, CLA [9.1251](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736)). The manuscript in which this fragment serves as fly-leaf belonged to the Premonstratensian monastery of Schäftlarn, south of Munich (its fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2); Schäftlarn, originally founded by the Benedictines in 762, has always been a dependency of the Freising bishopric.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.24–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 67458",,"Image shows an opening ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by the same hand as CLM 6229 (CLA [9.1251]((https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736))).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1815,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1815,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by the same hand as CLM 6229 (CLA 9.1251).
","Written no doubt at Freising (see under CLM 6229, CLA 9.1251). The manuscript in which this fragment serves as fly-leaf belonged to the Premonstratensian monastery of Schäftlarn, south of Munich (its fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2); Schäftlarn, originally founded by the Benedictines in 762, has always been a dependency of the Freising bishopric.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1815.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1815.jpg 1816,1417,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1315,"Written in South Bavaria, presumably at Tegernsee, by the scribe Dominicus: 'EGO DOMINICUS SCRIPSI LIBRUM ISTUM' (fol. 1), perhaps identical with the priest of that name who in 769 wrote a charter concerning Rottbach, near Freising. He also wrote CLM 19126 (fly-leaves), 19408, parts of 6233, and the Harburg palimpsest (CLA [9.1321](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1822), [1322](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1823), [1252](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1853), and CLA [8.1216](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1695)). The Tegernsee ex-libris 'iste liber attinet monasterio Tegernsee' (saec. XV ex.) stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Homiliarium Alani (Pars Hiemalis).",Parchment,,,"TM 67459",,"fol. 176v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00014257-3,"Script is a clear and pleasant early Caroline minuscule with some cursive features: **a** and **d** have two forms; uncial **g** is not infrequent; v-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; numerous ligatures. Noteworthy is the corrector's script in the lower margin of fol. 34v; it is closely akin to that of the first hand of CLM 29121b (CLA [9.1333](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1834)). Many later corrections.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1816,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816,"Script is a clear and pleasant early Caroline minuscule with some cursive features: a and d have two forms; uncial g is not infrequent; v-shaped u occurs at line-ends; numerous ligatures. Noteworthy is the corrector's script in the lower margin of fol. 34v; it is closely akin to that of the first hand of CLM 29121b (CLA 9.1333). Many later corrections.
","Written in South Bavaria, presumably at Tegernsee, by the scribe Dominicus: 'EGO DOMINICUS SCRIPSI LIBRUM ISTUM' (fol. 1), perhaps identical with the priest of that name who in 769 wrote a charter concerning Rottbach, near Freising. He also wrote CLM 19126 (fly-leaves), 19408, parts of 6233, and the Harburg palimpsest (CLA 9.1321, 1322, 1252, and CLA 8.1216). The Tegernsee ex-libris 'iste liber attinet monasterio Tegernsee' (saec. XV ex.) stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1816.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1816.jpg 1817,1418,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1316,"Written in South Bavaria and probably at Tegernsee, to judge by the script which has something that recalls Dominicus. The script of the added paper folios 195 and 196 is that of Ambrosius Swerzenpeck, librarian of Tegernsee about 1500.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Psalmos (51–100).",Parchment,,,"TM 67460",,"fol. 62 ",,,"Script is a graceful, well-formed early Caroline minuscule with some surviving cursive features suggesting the school of Dominicus (see CLM 18092, CLA [9.1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)). Some later corrections.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 158. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3301. ",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1817,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1817,"Script is a graceful, well-formed early Caroline minuscule with some surviving cursive features suggesting the school of Dominicus (see CLM 18092, CLA 9.1315). Some later corrections.
","Written in South Bavaria and probably at Tegernsee, to judge by the script which has something that recalls Dominicus. The script of the added paper folios 195 and 196 is that of Ambrosius Swerzenpeck, librarian of Tegernsee about 1500.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 158. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3301.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1817.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1817.jpg 1818,1419,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1317,"Written at Tegernsee. This curious script is akin to that of the corrector in [CLM 18092](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816) and one hand in CLM 29121b. The erased name 'rihholf (saec. X) stands on fol. 149v. A Tegernsee ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67461",,"fol. 11v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00073148-3,"Script is sui generis; it is an odd mixture of minuscule and uncial elements, with unusually frequent use of the ligatures **nt**, **te**, **ti** (for both hard and soft ti), **tu**, and even **tr**; the bow of **a** is unattached and forms an acute angle; a form of **a** used at some line-ends recalls a-b script; suprascript **a** in zigzag shape (corrected to normal form) is seen on foll. 11v, line 8; it is also found in another Tegernsee hand in CLM 29121b; noteworthy is the intrusion of many uncial elements: **R** is constant, **B** and **G** are frequent, **ꝺ** and **S** sporadic. The first lines of each chapter are in uncial, also part of Lib. 2, cap. 1 and the epilogue. Many corrections and a number of Old High German glosses.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1818,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1818,"Script is sui generis; it is an odd mixture of minuscule and uncial elements, with unusually frequent use of the ligatures nt, te, ti (for both hard and soft ti), tu, and even tr; the bow of a is unattached and forms an acute angle; a form of a used at some line-ends recalls a-b script; suprascript a in zigzag shape (corrected to normal form) is seen on foll. 11v, line 8; it is also found in another Tegernsee hand in CLM 29121b; noteworthy is the intrusion of many uncial elements: R is constant, B and G are frequent, ꝺ and S sporadic. The first lines of each chapter are in uncial, also part of Lib. 2, cap. 1 and the epilogue. Many corrections and a number of Old High German glosses.
","Written at Tegernsee. This curious script is akin to that of the corrector in CLM 18092 and one hand in CLM 29121b. The erased name 'rihholf (saec. X) stands on fol. 149v. A Tegernsee ex-libris saec. XV is seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1818.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1818.jpg 1819,1420,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1318,"Written apparently in a Southeast German centre, probably at Mondsee. Provenance of the Munich leaf Tegernsee: it is pasted to the front cover of a fifteenth-century Tegernsee volume containing sermons by Hieronymus of Mondsee; this volume was probably bound at Mondsee and reached Tegernsee as a present from Frater Cristannus of Salzburg when he became a monk there, as is evidenced by an entry on fol. 1.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67462",,"Recto of the Munich fragment shown ",,,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Mondsee products.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20-21. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 11.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1819,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1819,"Script is a roundish early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in Mondsee products.
","Written apparently in a Southeast German centre, probably at Mondsee. Provenance of the Munich leaf Tegernsee: it is pasted to the front cover of a fifteenth-century Tegernsee volume containing sermons by Hieronymus of Mondsee; this volume was probably bound at Mondsee and reached Tegernsee as a present from Frater Cristannus of Salzburg when he became a monk there, as is evidenced by an entry on fol. 1.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 20-21. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 11.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1819.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1819.jpg 1820,1421,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,9,1319,"Origin uncertain; a centre in North Italy is not unlikely, and the 'autem' abbreviation suggests Visigothic connection. The manuscript suffered losses at an early stage and must have been restored in the ninth century probably at Verona, if one may be guided by the typically Veronese form of **g** seen on the bottom line of fol. 19; the restoration leaves were palimpsested along with the older main part of the volume in the tenth century, probably in a German scriptorium. Later at Tegernsee: an ex-libris entered toward the end of the fifteenth century by the Tegernsee librarian, Ambrosius Swerzenpeck, is seen on the verso of the front fly-leaf.",2,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Prv, Ecl, Sir, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67463",,"fol. 62 (Prav. XXVI. 11-16)",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00064015-6,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial of the late type, slightly reminiscent of Cambridge, C.C.C. MS 304 (CLA [2.127](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/440)): tall **T** and suprascript **V** occur at line-ends; minuscule **b** and **r** slip into the uncial text.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1820,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1820,"Script is a natural but not very expert uncial of the late type, slightly reminiscent of Cambridge, C.C.C. MS 304 (CLA 2.127): tall T and suprascript V occur at line-ends; minuscule b and r slip into the uncial text.
","Origin uncertain; a centre in North Italy is not unlikely, and the 'autem' abbreviation suggests Visigothic connection. The manuscript suffered losses at an early stage and must have been restored in the ninth century probably at Verona, if one may be guided by the typically Veronese form of g seen on the bottom line of fol. 19; the restoration leaves were palimpsested along with the older main part of the volume in the tenth century, probably in a German scriptorium. Later at Tegernsee: an ex-libris entered toward the end of the fifteenth century by the Tegernsee librarian, Ambrosius Swerzenpeck, is seen on the verso of the front fly-leaf.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1820.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1820.jpg 1821,1422,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1320,"Origin uncertain: spelling suggests France, but West Germany is not to be excluded. All the leaves were used in Tegernsee bindings; those now detached come from CLM 18087 and 19488. Two of them still show eighteenth-century Tegernsee ex-libris.",,,,"Homiliarium (fragm.) et Passiones Sanctorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67464",,"Image from fol. 2v of CLM 29062 c and from a fly-leaf of CLM 19108 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00026281-2,"Script, by three hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule on the way towards Caroline, but lacking its proportions: **i**-longa occurs frequently; **N** is found in the minuscule; numerous ligatures, including **nt** even in mid-word.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29062 c. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29066 b.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1821,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1821,"Script, by three hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule on the way towards Caroline, but lacking its proportions: i-longa occurs frequently; N is found in the minuscule; numerous ligatures, including nt even in mid-word.
","Origin uncertain: spelling suggests France, but West Germany is not to be excluded. All the leaves were used in Tegernsee bindings; those now detached come from CLM 18087 and 19488. Two of them still show eighteenth-century Tegernsee ex-libris.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29062 c. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29066 b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1821.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1821.jpg 1822,1423,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1321,"Written in South Bavaria and presumably at Tegernsee. The manuscript formed a companion volume to the charming little Regula S Benedicti (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1823)) with which it agrees palaeographically in every respect. The scribe can be no other than Dominicus, whose signature is seen in CLM 18092 (CLA [9.1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)).",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67465",,"Image from the present verso of the opened bifolium, which serves as front fly-leaf",,,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule by the self-same hand that wrote CLM 19408 ([9.1322](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1823)); ligatures for **mi** and **ni** occur.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1822,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1822,"Script is a graceful early Caroline minuscule by the self-same hand that wrote CLM 19408 (9.1322); ligatures for mi and ni occur.
","Written in South Bavaria and presumably at Tegernsee. The manuscript formed a companion volume to the charming little Regula S Benedicti (see next item) with which it agrees palaeographically in every respect. The scribe can be no other than Dominicus, whose signature is seen in CLM 18092 (CLA 9.1315).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1822.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1822.jpg 1823,1424,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex (post 787)",788,800,9,1322,"Written in South Bavaria and presumably at Tegernsee, doubtless by Dominicus, the scribe of CLM 18092 (CLA [9.1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)). The manuscript manifestly formed a companion volume to the little Lectionary described in the [previous item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1822). The date is narrowed down by the fact that the text is based on the copy of the Regula made for Charlemagne from the Monte Cassino original.",,,,"Regula S Benedicti.",Parchment,,,"TM 67466",,"Image from an opening, foll. 44v-45 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00065376-3,"Script is a small, graceful early Caroline minuscule: **a** and **d** have two forms; uncial **𐌾** here and there; **mi** ligature occurs for mi; the scribe uses minute minuscule for the subscription at the end (fol. 61). Many later corrections.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1823,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1823,"Script is a small, graceful early Caroline minuscule: a and d have two forms; uncial 𐌾 here and there; mi ligature occurs for mi; the scribe uses minute minuscule for the subscription at the end (fol. 61). Many later corrections.
","Written in South Bavaria and presumably at Tegernsee, doubtless by Dominicus, the scribe of CLM 18092 (CLA 9.1315). The manuscript manifestly formed a companion volume to the little Lectionary described in the previous item. The date is narrowed down by the fact that the text is based on the copy of the Regula made for Charlemagne from the Monte Cassino original.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1823.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1823.jpg 1824,1425,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1323,"Written in Southern Germany. The fragment is attached to the front cover of a fifteenth-century Tegernsee manuscript.",,,,"Beda, Homiliae in Lucam (epitome); Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2, 25).",Parchment,,,"TM 67467",,"Image shows all that can be seen ",,,"Script is a roundish German early Caroline minuscule.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 fb.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1824,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1824,"Script is a roundish German early Caroline minuscule.
","Written in Southern Germany. The fragment is attached to the front cover of a fifteenth-century Tegernsee manuscript.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 fb.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1824.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1824.jpg 1825,1426,Uncial,VI,501,600,9,1324,"Written in an important centre in South France. The text is related to that of Berlin Phill. 1761 from Lyon (CLA [8.1064](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1525)). The random eighth-century entry: 'Ioseph eps' on fol. 222 may refer to the Joseph who was bishop of Freising from 749 to 764. This great volume may have reached Würzburg already by the ninth century, as the Anglo-Saxon probationes pennae suggest, and it was certainly there by the thirteenth: the ex-libris 'Liber sci Kyliani' (saec. XIII) stands on fol. 1. Came to Munich in 1806.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici (Lex Romana Visigothorum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67468",,"foll. 234v and 331v",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00084802-6,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by more than one hand: a striking feature is the sharp end of most down strokes; the bow of **A** is pointed; the second stroke of **X** often resembles a shallow, leaning **C**. The uncial script on fol. 331v was erased and the text rewritten in French pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII. A cursive note saec. VII is seen on fol. 258 and erased probationes pennae in Merovingian script on fol. 247. Carelessly written Notae Tironianae passim; a long note, deciphered by Mentz, is on fol. 260v. Probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon script are seen on the front fly-leaf, saec. IX in.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 105–7.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1825,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1825,"Script is a bold, well-formed uncial by more than one hand: a striking feature is the sharp end of most down strokes; the bow of A is pointed; the second stroke of X often resembles a shallow, leaning C. The uncial script on fol. 331v was erased and the text rewritten in French pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII. A cursive note saec. VII is seen on fol. 258 and erased probationes pennae in Merovingian script on fol. 247. Carelessly written Notae Tironianae passim; a long note, deciphered by Mentz, is on fol. 260v. Probationes pennae in Anglo-Saxon script are seen on the front fly-leaf, saec. IX in.
","Written in an important centre in South France. The text is related to that of Berlin Phill. 1761 from Lyon (CLA 8.1064). The random eighth-century entry: 'Ioseph eps' on fol. 222 may refer to the Joseph who was bishop of Freising from 749 to 764. This great volume may have reached Würzburg already by the ninth century, as the Anglo-Saxon probationes pennae suggest, and it was certainly there by the thirteenth: the ex-libris 'Liber sci Kyliani' (saec. XIII) stands on fol. 1. Came to Munich in 1806.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 105–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1825.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1825.jpg 1826,1427,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,9,1325,"Written presumably in a Bavarian centre. The Munich fragments were recovered from the bindings of accounts and records of the 'Salzamt' at Ingolstadt; some still show titles mentioning the years 1687–1693.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 22–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67469",,"fol. 18a ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00061453-2,"Script is careful, imitation uncial recalling the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA [9.1347](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1848)): the tongue of **E** is central. Contemporary corrections in tiny Rustic capitals or minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3244. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1826,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1826,"Script is careful, imitation uncial recalling the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA 9.1347): the tongue of E is central. Contemporary corrections in tiny Rustic capitals or minuscule.
","Written presumably in a Bavarian centre. The Munich fragments were recovered from the bindings of accounts and records of the 'Salzamt' at Ingolstadt; some still show titles mentioning the years 1687–1693.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3244.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1826.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1826.jpg 1827,1428,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1326,"Origin uncertain, probably a South German centre. The fragments were removed from the binding of the Munich incunabulum Inc. s.a. 2° 813b from Tegernsee.",2,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67470",,"foll. 2v and 1 ",,,"Script is a somewhat gauche, spreading Caroline minuscule: the forms of **G** and **t** and the unligatured **st** suggest Insular influence.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 28547. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3384.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1827,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1827,"Script is a somewhat gauche, spreading Caroline minuscule: the forms of G and t and the unligatured st suggest Insular influence.
","Origin uncertain, probably a South German centre. The fragments were removed from the binding of the Munich incunabulum Inc. s.a. 2° 813b from Tegernsee.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 28547. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3384.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1827.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1827.jpg 1828,1429,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1327,"Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in a twelfth-century Tegernsee manuscript (CLM 19479).",2,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (5.704–25, 737–58, 6.40–57, 75–90).",Parchment,,,"TM 65877",,"page 1 ",,,"Script is an early minuscule recalling Italian types: the eye of **e** rises above the head-line and resembles the Beneventan form; the shoulder of **r** curves upwards and extends over the following letter; there is a slight resemblance to London Cotton Nero A. II (CLA [2.186](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/501)).","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29005/18. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 165. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3352.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1828,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1828,"Script is an early minuscule recalling Italian types: the eye of e rises above the head-line and resembles the Beneventan form; the shoulder of r curves upwards and extends over the following letter; there is a slight resemblance to London Cotton Nero A. II (CLA 2.186).
","Origin uncertain, presumably North Italy. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in a twelfth-century Tegernsee manuscript (CLM 19479).
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29005/18. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 165. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3352.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1828.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1828.jpg 1829,1430,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VIII¹,720,730,9,1328,"Written at Luxeuil or in some affiliated house. The fragment was used as a fly-leaf in CLM 14102, which comes from the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg.",,,,"Sedulius, Carmen Paschale (2.134–62, 275–87, 289–300).",Parchment,,,"TM 67471",,"Entire fol. 2 shown ",,,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule of the advanced type, showing close affinity to the script of Fulda Bonif. 2 (CLA [8.1197](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1673)). The puzzling number 'DCCLXXII' stands in the lower margin of fol. 2v, after the end of book 2; the entry seems saec. VIII.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 7, dates to ca. 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29033a.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1829,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1829,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule of the advanced type, showing close affinity to the script of Fulda Bonif. 2 (CLA 8.1197). The puzzling number 'DCCLXXII' stands in the lower margin of fol. 2v, after the end of book 2; the entry seems saec. VIII.
","Written at Luxeuil or in some affiliated house. The fragment was used as a fly-leaf in CLM 14102, which comes from the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 7, dates to ca. 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: 1 scribe. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29033a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1829.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1829.jpg 1830,1431,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1329,"Written no doubt at Freising, to judge from the script. Provenance unknown.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt); Hieronymus, Praefatio in 4 Evangeliorum. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67472",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a firm , well-formed, roundish Caroline minuscule very similar to that of CLM 6308 (CLA [9.1271](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1762)): **a** has two forms; v-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; numerous ligatures, including **nt** in mid-word.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29045 a. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3453. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 79.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1830,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1830,"Script is a firm , well-formed, roundish Caroline minuscule very similar to that of CLM 6308 (CLA 9.1271): a has two forms; v-shaped u occurs at line-ends; numerous ligatures, including nt in mid-word.
","Written no doubt at Freising, to judge from the script. Provenance unknown.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29045 a. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3453. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 79.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1830.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1830.jpg 1831,1432,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,9,1330,"Written apparently in France, to judge by the script. There is textual affinity with Würzburg M. p. th. f. 28, the so-called Homiliarium Burchardi (CLA [9.1408](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1916)). The leaves were used in the fifteenth century in bindings of books at St Emmeram's in Regensburg.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae; Expositio Symboli; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67473",,"Image from fol. 3 of quire XI",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00061163-2,"Script is a compressed uncial of a late type with letters decidedly inclined to the left: **i**-longa occurs here and there at the beginning of a word; **LL** run together.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29047.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1831,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1831,"Script is a compressed uncial of a late type with letters decidedly inclined to the left: i-longa occurs here and there at the beginning of a word; LL run together.
","Written apparently in France, to judge by the script. There is textual affinity with Würzburg M. p. th. f. 28, the so-called Homiliarium Burchardi (CLA 9.1408). The leaves were used in the fifteenth century in bindings of books at St Emmeram's in Regensburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29047.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1831.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1831.jpg 1832,1433,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1331,"Written in Northeast France in the centre which produced the Cologne manuscripts of Augustine for Archbishop Hildebald (795–819), apparently the convent of Chelles. The fragment was used as a fly-leaf in a printed book (Asc. 837) which probably belonged to the small Augustinian house at Bernried in Bavaria: an entry saec. XVI referring to the obit of 'Johan Ducziner Brobst zu Berñriedt' (†15 August 1535) is seen on the recto.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.38).",Parchment,,,"TM 67474",,"Image from the verso ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00071359-8,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the three Augustine manuscripts written by nuns, Cologne Dombibl. 63, 65, and 67 (CLA [8.1152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623)), and in other manuscripts enumerated there (see also CLA 5, p. xxii). Minor corrections in ninth-century minuscule.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 g. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3450.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1832,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1832,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule of the type seen in the three Augustine manuscripts written by nuns, Cologne Dombibl. 63, 65, and 67 (CLA 8.1152), and in other manuscripts enumerated there (see also CLA 5, p. xxii). Minor corrections in ninth-century minuscule.
","Written in Northeast France in the centre which produced the Cologne manuscripts of Augustine for Archbishop Hildebald (795–819), apparently the convent of Chelles. The fragment was used as a fly-leaf in a printed book (Asc. 837) which probably belonged to the small Augustinian house at Bernried in Bavaria: an entry saec. XVI referring to the obit of 'Johan Ducziner Brobst zu Berñriedt' (†15 August 1535) is seen on the recto.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 g. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3450.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1832.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1832.jpg 1833,1434,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1332,"Written apparently in some Continental centre under Insular influence. The fragment was removed from a binding.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (15.2.45–4.7; 17.3.19–25, 27; 6.14–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 67475",,"Image from the verso ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00071373-2,"Script is a feeble attempt at Insular majuscule: both **ꝺ** and **d** are used; **n** is regularly minuscule, **R** and **S** regularly majuscule. ","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 a.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1833,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1833,"Script is a feeble attempt at Insular majuscule: both ꝺ and d are used; n is regularly minuscule, R and S regularly majuscule.
","Written apparently in some Continental centre under Insular influence. The fragment was removed from a binding.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29051 a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1833.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1833.jpg 1834,1436,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1333,"Written presumably at Tegernsee, since the first hand has several features in common with CLM 185503 and especially with the corrector in CLM 18092. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in medieval Tegernsee bookbindings.",,,,"Glossarium Latinum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67476",,"foll. 3 and 5v ",,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two quite different hands; the first is closely akin to that of CLM 18550a and that of a corrector in CLM 18092, fol. 34v (CLA [9.1317](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1818), [1315](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1816)): noteworthy is the suprascript zigzag form of **a**; **d** has two forms; **g** is uncial or half-uncial; v-shaped **u** occurs; the second hand is smaller and more graceful and approaches early Caroline minuscule.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29121 b.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1834,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1834,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule by two quite different hands; the first is closely akin to that of CLM 18550a and that of a corrector in CLM 18092, fol. 34v (CLA 9.1317, 1315): noteworthy is the suprascript zigzag form of a; d has two forms; g is uncial or half-uncial; v-shaped u occurs; the second hand is smaller and more graceful and approaches early Caroline minuscule.
","Written presumably at Tegernsee, since the first hand has several features in common with CLM 185503 and especially with the corrector in CLM 18092. The fragments were used as fly-leaves in medieval Tegernsee bookbindings.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29121 b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1834.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1834.jpg 1835,1437,Uncial,"VI ex",576,600,9,1334,"Written no doubt in some North Italian centre, to judge by certain palaeographical features. Nothing is known of the manuscript’s history.",,,,"Comes Duplex (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67477",,"Image shows the verso of the first strip and part of the verso of the second ",,,"Script is good uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** has the sharp blade-like bow encountered in some North Italian manuscripts (see CLA [3.332](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/668), [3.335](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/671); [7.858](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1311)); the tail of **G** is long and very thin, and descends in a straight line; the second bow of **M** is somewhat taller than the first. An early hand added ‘dne'.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 c.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1835,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1835,"Script is good uncial, but not of the oldest type: the bow of A has the sharp blade-like bow encountered in some North Italian manuscripts (see CLA 3.332, 3.335; 7.858); the tail of G is long and very thin, and descends in a straight line; the second bow of M is somewhat taller than the first. An early hand added ‘dne'.
","Written no doubt in some North Italian centre, to judge by certain palaeographical features. Nothing is known of the manuscript’s history.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 c.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1835.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1835.jpg 1836,1438,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII in",701,725,9,1335,"Written in England and most likely in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script; it has some points of resemblance to Cambridge Kk. I. 24 (CLA [2.138](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/451)). The fragment served as jacket or cover for a book.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Io 12.25–7, 29–33, 35–6, 39–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 67478",,"Image from the verso ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00001711-6,"Script is a stately, expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule, with **ꝺ** and **d**, **N** and **n**, **R** and **r**, **S** and **y**, the uncial forms predominating.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 d.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1836,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1836,"Script is a stately, expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule, with ꝺ and d, N and n, R and r, S and y, the uncial forms predominating.
","Written in England and most likely in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script; it has some points of resemblance to Cambridge Kk. I. 24 (CLA 2.138). The fragment served as jacket or cover for a book.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 d.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1836.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1836.jpg 1837,1439,Uncial,"VII ex",676,700,9,1336,"Written probably in England, to judge by the script and the use of vellum, and doubtless in a centre of some importance, to judge by the excellence of the script. The leaf belonged to Georg von Laubmann, director (1882–1909) of the Munich Staatsbibliothek, which acquired it in 1911.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 8.45–9.10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67479",,"Image from the verso and recto ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00001704-7,"Script is careful, regular, and somewhat studied uncial, by an expert scribe: the bow of **A** is made of very fine strokes; the arch of **h** is perfectly rounded; the two strokes of **X** rest on the line; the letter **R** in the abbreviation of 'Marcus' in the margin has an Anglo-Saxon look.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 e.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1837,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1837,"Script is careful, regular, and somewhat studied uncial, by an expert scribe: the bow of A is made of very fine strokes; the arch of h is perfectly rounded; the two strokes of X rest on the line; the letter R in the abbreviation of 'Marcus' in the margin has an Anglo-Saxon look.
","Written probably in England, to judge by the script and the use of vellum, and doubtless in a centre of some importance, to judge by the excellence of the script. The leaf belonged to Georg von Laubmann, director (1882–1909) of the Munich Staatsbibliothek, which acquired it in 1911.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29155 e.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1837.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1837.jpg 1838,1440,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",720,730,9,1337,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. The Munich strips were used in the binding of CLM 17738 from Stadtamhof near Regensburg. The leaves in the American libraries came from the abbey of Admont in Austria.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Is, Ier, Ez, Dn, Os, Agg, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67480",,"Image from the verso of the larger Munich strip ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00071138-8,"Script is Luxeuil type of minuscule. The manuscript contains some liturgical rubrics, cf. ‘K in epiphania' (Isa. 49.7),' . . rode . . uic.o' (Isa. 58.9). Neumes have been added in the Lamentation fragments.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to ca 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1838,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1838,"Script is Luxeuil type of minuscule. The manuscript contains some liturgical rubrics, cf. ‘K in epiphania' (Isa. 49.7),' . . rode . . uic.o' (Isa. 58.9). Neumes have been added in the Lamentation fragments.
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. The Munich strips were used in the binding of CLM 17738 from Stadtamhof near Regensburg. The leaves in the American libraries came from the abbey of Admont in Austria.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 1, dates to ca 720–30. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: at least 5 scribes. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1838.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1838.jpg 1839,1441,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1338,"Written probably in Southern Germany, and in the same scriptorium as CLM 14470 which comes from St Emmeram at Regensburg (CLA [9.1300](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1796)). Our manuscript later belonged to the monastery of Altomünster near Freising, where it was dismembered in the fifteenth century and used in bindings.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri Sapientiales (Vulgata, Sap, Sir, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67481",,"Image from CLM 29158 b, showing Ecclus. I. 29-37 ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00034696-5,"Script, an early Caroline minuscule by several scribes, is slightly reminiscent of the Rhaetian type: **z** has an unusual form.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29055 a. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 b. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3368.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1839,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1839,"Script, an early Caroline minuscule by several scribes, is slightly reminiscent of the Rhaetian type: z has an unusual form.
","Written probably in Southern Germany, and in the same scriptorium as CLM 14470 which comes from St Emmeram at Regensburg (CLA 9.1300). Our manuscript later belonged to the monastery of Altomünster near Freising, where it was dismembered in the fifteenth century and used in bindings.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29055 a. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29158 b. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3368.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1839.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1839.jpg 1840,1442,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1339,"Written in Germany, probably in the Main region, in a centre where Anglo-Saxon influence was paramount. The scattered leaves were used for bookbindings. The Stuttgart Incunabulum 9600 has the typical binding of the monastery library of St Stephan in Würzburg; the note 'georius beyel ist dass buch' (saec. XV) is seen on the recto of Cod. Fragm. 64. The Würzburg incunabulum, a missal, in which the offsets of the Munich and New York leaves are seen was printed by Sensenschmid in 1475 and comes from Münsterschwarzach. The Glazier leaf was formerly owned by Max Kammerer of Wartenberg.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67482",,"Munich fol. 2v ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00001707-3,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with characteristically long descenders.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/5. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3373. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1840,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1840,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, with characteristically long descenders.
","Written in Germany, probably in the Main region, in a centre where Anglo-Saxon influence was paramount. The scattered leaves were used for bookbindings. The Stuttgart Incunabulum 9600 has the typical binding of the monastery library of St Stephan in Würzburg; the note 'georius beyel ist dass buch' (saec. XV) is seen on the recto of Cod. Fragm. 64. The Würzburg incunabulum, a missal, in which the offsets of the Munich and New York leaves are seen was printed by Sensenschmid in 1475 and comes from Münsterschwarzach. The Glazier leaf was formerly owned by Max Kammerer of Wartenberg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/5. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3373.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1840.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1840.jpg 1841,1443,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1340,"Written probably in South-east Germany, to judge by the script. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in CLM 19482 which comes from Tegernsee; the fifteenth-century entry 'Attinet Tegernsee' by the librarian Ambrosius Swerzenpeck is seen on f. 2v.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (3.6–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67483",,"Image from the verso of the second folio ",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00061165-2,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by an expert scribe whose penmanship betrays slight Insular influence here and there: open **a** predominates; uncial **M** occurs once within the minuscule.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29166 a. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3447. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1841,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1841,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by an expert scribe whose penmanship betrays slight Insular influence here and there: open a predominates; uncial M occurs once within the minuscule.
","Written probably in South-east Germany, to judge by the script. The leaves were used as fly-leaves in CLM 19482 which comes from Tegernsee; the fifteenth-century entry 'Attinet Tegernsee' by the librarian Ambrosius Swerzenpeck is seen on f. 2v.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29166 a. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3447.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1841.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1841.jpg 1842,1444,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1341,"Origin uncertain, perhaps Eastern Switzerland, as is suggested by its provenance: the leaves were found in CLM 21053—a book written by Jacobus Kröpfl (1437) from Munich, who was vicar in Taufers near Münster in Graubünden the book was later in Thierhaupten, a Benedictine abbey in the diocese of Augsburg.",2,,,"Canones Conciliorum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67484",,"Image from CLM 29168 a",,http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00071392-3,"Script is a crude and careless pre-Caroline minuscule with some uncial elements; the form of **g** is striking.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 21053 (strips). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29168 a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 51–2.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1842,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1842,"Script is a crude and careless pre-Caroline minuscule with some uncial elements; the form of g is striking.
","Origin uncertain, perhaps Eastern Switzerland, as is suggested by its provenance: the leaves were found in CLM 21053—a book written by Jacobus Kröpfl (1437) from Munich, who was vicar in Taufers near Münster in Graubünden the book was later in Thierhaupten, a Benedictine abbey in the diocese of Augsburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 21053 (strips). ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29168 a. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 51–2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1842.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1842.jpg 1843,1445,"Rustic Capital",III,201,300,9,1342,"Origin uncertain. The fragment was found at Abd-el-Nahab in the Fayûm.",0,,,"Fragmentum Argumenti Incerti.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64136",,"Entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is Rustic capital: **A** has the form seen in the Vatican Aulus Gellius manuscript (CLA [1.74](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/85)); the first letter in the second column seems to be a **ꝺ** similar to the form in the London 'De bellis Macedonicis' fragment (CLA [2.207](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/525)); strokes at the foot of the line tend to be shaded as in the Gellius palimpsest. The one word clearly decipherable is 'ETIAM' in the penultimate line of the second column.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1843,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1843,"Script is Rustic capital: A has the form seen in the Vatican Aulus Gellius manuscript (CLA 1.74); the first letter in the second column seems to be a ꝺ similar to the form in the London 'De bellis Macedonicis' fragment (CLA 2.207); strokes at the foot of the line tend to be shaded as in the Gellius palimpsest. The one word clearly decipherable is 'ETIAM' in the penultimate line of the second column.
","Origin uncertain. The fragment was found at Abd-el-Nahab in the Fayûm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1843.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1843.jpg 1844,1446,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,9,1343,"Written in a centre of fine calligraphic standards and doubtless in the artistic sphere of the Ada School—a view, moreover, supported by a number of palaeographical features. The entry in minuscule on fol. 39v seems to connect the volume with Mainz. Provenance: the library of the University of Ingolstadt (cf. fol. 1). Later migrated with the University to Landshut and thence to Munich.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io, imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67485",,"fol. 39v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is careful, regular, imitation uncial: the bow of **A** is formed of fine hair-lines; the tail of **G** is fine and curves slightly to the left; the bow of **q** is mostly small and high; **T** at line-end is often tall and its top occasionally ends in a fine upward curl; **Y** is tall as in the [Codex Amiatinus](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631) and frequently it has an additional horn to the right; horizontals and small curves have a tendency to end in forked finials. The same uncial in slightly smaller size is used for prefatory matter and capitula. Insular influence is seen in the small script of the Eusebian sections and of a correction on fol. 96. The beginning of several liturgical lessons of John is marked by a carefully drawn red cross. An addition in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ shows Mainz type.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3520. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1844,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1844,"Script, by more than one hand, is careful, regular, imitation uncial: the bow of A is formed of fine hair-lines; the tail of G is fine and curves slightly to the left; the bow of q is mostly small and high; T at line-end is often tall and its top occasionally ends in a fine upward curl; Y is tall as in the Codex Amiatinus and frequently it has an additional horn to the right; horizontals and small curves have a tendency to end in forked finials. The same uncial in slightly smaller size is used for prefatory matter and capitula. Insular influence is seen in the small script of the Eusebian sections and of a correction on fol. 96. The beginning of several liturgical lessons of John is marked by a carefully drawn red cross. An addition in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ shows Mainz type.
","Written in a centre of fine calligraphic standards and doubtless in the artistic sphere of the Ada School—a view, moreover, supported by a number of palaeographical features. The entry in minuscule on fol. 39v seems to connect the volume with Mainz. Provenance: the library of the University of Ingolstadt (cf. fol. 1). Later migrated with the University to Landshut and thence to Munich.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3520.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1844.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1844.jpg 1845,1447,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1344,"Written in Southern Germany, to judge by the resemblance in script to certain Freising manuscripts. The volume in which this leaf is bound belonged in the sixteenth century to the Würzburg canon Johann Egon von Knöringen and later to the University of Ingolstadt-Landshut.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gregorianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67486",,"Image shows the entire recto ",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule with a slight Insular flavour: **a** has two forms; uncial **N** is frequent.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 186. ☛Gamber, CLLA 631. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3525. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1845,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1845,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule with a slight Insular flavour: a has two forms; uncial N is frequent.
","Written in Southern Germany, to judge by the resemblance in script to certain Freising manuscripts. The volume in which this leaf is bound belonged in the sixteenth century to the Würzburg canon Johann Egon von Knöringen and later to the University of Ingolstadt-Landshut.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 186. ☛Gamber, CLLA 631. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3525.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1845.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1845.jpg 1846,1448,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1345,"Written in South Germany, to judge by resemblance in script to the Penitential bound with the Prague Sacramentary. The volume belonged in the sixteenth century to the Würzburg canon Johann Egon von Knöringen; his ex-libris of 1565 is seen inside the front cover. Later in the library of the University of Ingolstadt-Landshut. ",,,,"Rufinus, Historia Monachorum in Aegypto; Gennadius, De Ecclesiastis Dogmatibus; Sulpicius Severus, Vita S Martini, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67487",,"foll. 73 and 104v ",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands: **u** is occasionally a suprascript bow; ligatures include **fi**, **mi**, **ni**, **nt** (even in mid-word), **te**, **ti** for hard ti. Corrections here and there, saec. IX; marginal entries of liturgical prayers, saec. IX in. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3526.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1846,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1846,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule by several hands: u is occasionally a suprascript bow; ligatures include fi, mi, ni, nt (even in mid-word), te, ti for hard ti. Corrections here and there, saec. IX; marginal entries of liturgical prayers, saec. IX in.
","Written in South Germany, to judge by resemblance in script to the Penitential bound with the Prague Sacramentary. The volume belonged in the sixteenth century to the Würzburg canon Johann Egon von Knöringen; his ex-libris of 1565 is seen inside the front cover. Later in the library of the University of Ingolstadt-Landshut.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3526.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1846.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1846.jpg 1847,1449,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1346,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, presumably in Germany. The date '1627' stands on foll, 1, 2, 3, 8; the fragments must have been used for binding records of that year.",,,,"Homiliae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67488",,"fol. 8 ",,,"Script is a neat, slender Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two scribes: descenders are often very long; **a** is made in three strokes; **r** and **s** have two forms. A cross is seen in the upper left-hand corner of several rectos.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1847,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1847,"Script is a neat, slender Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two scribes: descenders are often very long; a is made in three strokes; r and s have two forms. A cross is seen in the upper left-hand corner of several rectos.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, presumably in Germany. The date '1627' stands on foll, 1, 2, 3, 8; the fragments must have been used for binding records of that year.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1847.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1847.jpg 1848,1450,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,9,1347,"Written in the Salzburg-Mondsee region, to judge from the decoration, which points according to W. Koehler to the scriptorium that produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA [6.795](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209)) and the slightly later Codex Millenarius of Kremsmünster (saec. IX in). This origin is confirmed by the close textual affinity of our fragments with the Millenarius and the Cutbercht Gospels (Vienna Lat. 1224) probably written at Salzburg. The medieval home of this sumptuous volume is unknown. Dismembered apparently in the second quarter of the seventeenth century in some Nuremberg administrative office. Most of the fragments had been in the possession of the Barons Imhoff and the von Kress family in Nuremberg. The 18 leaves in New York were acquired by L. Tross in 1861, who sold them to Guillaume Libri, from whom they were bought by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1862. The Germanisches Museum received 24 leaves from the Von Kress family in 1872, and 4 more from the Heerdegen family in 1874; 4 additional leaves were deposited as a loan by the Von Grundherr family of Nuremberg. One other leaf, bought by the Museum in 1923, has been misplaced since 1934.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc, Io, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67489",,"Image from Nuremburg MS. 27932, foll. 20cv and 23 ",,,"Script is a very regular, calligraphic uncial: **LL** rarely run together; suprascript **V** for **U** occurs near line-end; ligatures, confined to line-end, include **NS**, **OS**, **UL**, **UR**, **US**; capital **E** and **V** and the ligature **UD** are admitted at line-end. Rustic capitals are used for prefatory matter (German. Mus. fol. 23r–v).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3616. ☛McGurk, Latin gospel books from AD 400 to AD 800, no. 131.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1848,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1848,"Script is a very regular, calligraphic uncial: LL rarely run together; suprascript V for U occurs near line-end; ligatures, confined to line-end, include NS, OS, UL, UR, US; capital E and V and the ligature UD are admitted at line-end. Rustic capitals are used for prefatory matter (German. Mus. fol. 23r–v).
","Written in the Salzburg-Mondsee region, to judge from the decoration, which points according to W. Koehler to the scriptorium that produced the Montpellier Psalter (CLA 6.795) and the slightly later Codex Millenarius of Kremsmünster (saec. IX in). This origin is confirmed by the close textual affinity of our fragments with the Millenarius and the Cutbercht Gospels (Vienna Lat. 1224) probably written at Salzburg. The medieval home of this sumptuous volume is unknown. Dismembered apparently in the second quarter of the seventeenth century in some Nuremberg administrative office. Most of the fragments had been in the possession of the Barons Imhoff and the von Kress family in Nuremberg. The 18 leaves in New York were acquired by L. Tross in 1861, who sold them to Guillaume Libri, from whom they were bought by Sir Thomas Phillipps in 1862. The Germanisches Museum received 24 leaves from the Von Kress family in 1872, and 4 more from the Heerdegen family in 1874; 4 additional leaves were deposited as a loan by the Von Grundherr family of Nuremberg. One other leaf, bought by the Museum in 1923, has been misplaced since 1934.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3616. ☛McGurk, Latin gospel books from AD 400 to AD 800, no. 131.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1848.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1848.jpg 1849,1451,Uncial,"VII in",601,625,9,1348,"Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from its palaeography, and possibly in the lifetime of the author. Used for binding a decision made in 1607 by the University of Heidelberg in an inheritance case concerning the Güss von Güssenberg family.",3,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (1.2.18–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 67490",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is a broad, widely spaced, calligraphic uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; shafts of **B**, **h**, **L**, and often **R** begin with a tiny fore-stroke; **G** has a long tail; **M** is broad and low; the first upright of **N** descends below the line; **S** is mostly top-heavy; elongated **T** and ligatures of **AE**, **Nꞅ**, **Uꞅ** occur at line-end. To be compared with the contemporary copy of the same work in St Petersburg MS Lat. F. v. I. I.","☛Formerly Pappenheim, Gräflich Pappenheimisches Archiv without number.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1849,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1849,"Script is a broad, widely spaced, calligraphic uncial not of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; shafts of B, h, L, and often R begin with a tiny fore-stroke; G has a long tail; M is broad and low; the first upright of N descends below the line; S is mostly top-heavy; elongated T and ligatures of AE, Nꞅ, Uꞅ occur at line-end. To be compared with the contemporary copy of the same work in St Petersburg MS Lat. F. v. I. I.
","Written doubtless in Italy, to judge from its palaeography, and possibly in the lifetime of the author. Used for binding a decision made in 1607 by the University of Heidelberg in an inheritance case concerning the Güss von Güssenberg family.
","☛Formerly Pappenheim, Gräflich Pappenheimisches Archiv without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1849.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1849.jpg 1850,1452,Cursive,"V (post 433)",434,500,9,1349,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script, and apparently at Ravenna, to judge by the contents on the recto. The fragment is probably one of the gifts described 'auf Rinten geschriebene Antiquität' which the Prince-Elector Lothar Franz von Schönborn received from the Bamberg Chapter in 1725.",,,,"Textus Incertus; Nicetas Remesianensis, De Vigiliis Servorum Dei.",Papyrus,,,"TM 66367",,"Image from the verso of fragment D (Migne, P.L., XXX, cols. 236C1-237A14)",,,"Script is rapid, expert cursive: **b** (in 'laboriosius') still has the ancient cursive form. ","☛R. Seider, Paläographie der lateinischen Papyri II.2, no. 52.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1850,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1850,"Script is rapid, expert cursive: b (in 'laboriosius') still has the ancient cursive form.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge by the script, and apparently at Ravenna, to judge by the contents on the recto. The fragment is probably one of the gifts described 'auf Rinten geschriebene Antiquität' which the Prince-Elector Lothar Franz von Schönborn received from the Bamberg Chapter in 1725.
","☛R. Seider, Paläographie der lateinischen Papyri II.2, no. 52.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1850.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1850.jpg 1851,1453,"Cursive Minuscule",V–VI,401,600,9,1350,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. For later history, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1850).",3,,,"Evagrius, Altercatio Simonis Iudaei et Theophili Christiani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 66366",,"Image from fragment 8 (pp. 25-27, ed. Bratke)",,,"Script is an early cursive minuscule, carelessly written: the strokes are often unjoined.",,,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1851,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1851,"Script is an early cursive minuscule, carelessly written: the strokes are often unjoined.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. For later history, see preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1851.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1851.jpg 1852,1454,Uncial,VI,501,600,9,1351,"Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Later history unknown; the fragments were discovered at Pommersfelden by Savigny before 1822.",,,,"Iustiniani Digesta (45.1.35–43, 71–73, fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61412",,"Image from two fragments ",,,"Script is a large uncial of the type encountered in several legal manuscripts of which the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) is the chief representative: the most characteristic letters are the tall **B** and the **R** with its final stroke horizontal and almost on the base-line.","☛Arguing for origin in the East: A. J. B. Sirks, P. J. Sijpesteijn and K. A. Worp, Ei n frühbyzantinisches Szenario für die Amtswechslung in der Sitonie (1996), p. 137–142; S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 85.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1852,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1852,"Script is a large uncial of the type encountered in several legal manuscripts of which the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) is the chief representative: the most characteristic letters are the tall B and the R with its final stroke horizontal and almost on the base-line.
","Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Later history unknown; the fragments were discovered at Pommersfelden by Savigny before 1822.
","☛Arguing for origin in the East: A. J. B. Sirks, P. J. Sijpesteijn and K. A. Worp, Ei n frühbyzantinisches Szenario für die Amtswechslung in der Sitonie (1996), p. 137–142; S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 85.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1852.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1852.jpg 1853,1455,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1352,"Written in North France, most likely in the convent of Chelles near Paris. Belonged to the Quedlinburg 'Stiftsbibliothek'.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67491",,"fol. 10 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of the same type as that seen in the three Cologne Augustine volumes written by nuns (CLA [8.1152](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1623); see also cal 6, p. x.xii). Another type of minuscule is seen on parts of foll. 285v and 395v. The uncial used for the headings has the typical forms of **ꝺ**, **M**, and **N**; **𐌾** has an s-like tail. The name 'hathuui///', partly erased, is in tenth-century minuscule on fol. 150. The grey leather jacket may be the original binding of the manuscript.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 309 no. 1483. ☛Formerly Quedlinburg, Gymnasialbibliothek 74.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1853,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1853,"Script, by several hands, is Caroline minuscule of the same type as that seen in the three Cologne Augustine volumes written by nuns (CLA 8.1152; see also cal 6, p. x.xii). Another type of minuscule is seen on parts of foll. 285v and 395v. The uncial used for the headings has the typical forms of ꝺ, M, and N; 𐌾 has an s-like tail. The name 'hathuui///', partly erased, is in tenth-century minuscule on fol. 150. The grey leather jacket may be the original binding of the manuscript.
","Written in North France, most likely in the convent of Chelles near Paris. Belonged to the Quedlinburg 'Stiftsbibliothek'.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 309 no. 1483. ☛Formerly Quedlinburg, Gymnasialbibliothek 74.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1853.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1853.jpg 1854,1556,Uncial,VIII,701,800,9,1353,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent to judge from the initials. Was at Echternach in the ninth century; a litany in which the 'congregatio sancti Willibrordi' was mentioned was cut out by Baron Hüpsch who split the manuscript up into three volumes and sold them separately to Duke Karl Eugen of Württemberg in 1787–88. A description by Hüpsch is kept with the manuscript.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium (Vetus Latina, Ps).",Parchment,,,"TM 67492",,"Image shows two specimens from fol. 21v",,,"Script is an artificial uncial: the loop of **A** is a closed circle normally unattached to the oblique; the tail of **𐌾** is usually very long and straight; the stems of **h** and **L** begin with a horizontal serif and often even with a cup-shaped tag; the first upright of **N** is a long hair-line; the cedilla of **E** is a closed circle like the loop of **A**. Run-overs which frequently occur at end of columns are often in smaller script with the letters widely separated. A few corrections in uncalligraphic Insular minuscule; glosses taken from Cassiodorus' commentary in late ninth-century Caroline minuscule. 'Cantica' in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ are seen on fol. 93r–v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1854,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1854,"Script is an artificial uncial: the loop of A is a closed circle normally unattached to the oblique; the tail of 𐌾 is usually very long and straight; the stems of h and L begin with a horizontal serif and often even with a cup-shaped tag; the first upright of N is a long hair-line; the cedilla of E is a closed circle like the loop of A. Run-overs which frequently occur at end of columns are often in smaller script with the letters widely separated. A few corrections in uncalligraphic Insular minuscule; glosses taken from Cassiodorus' commentary in late ninth-century Caroline minuscule. 'Cantica' in Caroline minuscule saec. IX¹ are seen on fol. 93r–v.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent to judge from the initials. Was at Echternach in the ninth century; a litany in which the 'congregatio sancti Willibrordi' was mentioned was cut out by Baron Hüpsch who split the manuscript up into three volumes and sold them separately to Duke Karl Eugen of Württemberg in 1787–88. A description by Hüpsch is kept with the manuscript.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1854.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1854.jpg 1855,1457,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1354,"Written presumably at Saint Amand, as would appear from the close resemblance to manuscripts like Douai 12, and the others referred to above; this origin is confirmed by the formula 'A EPCS FIERI IVSSIT' contained in the long colophon on fol. 157; the 'A' probably stands for Arno, bishop, later archbishop of Salzburg (785–821) and abbot of Saint Amand. The manuscript has a fifteenth-century binding characteristic of the Benedictine monastery of Zwiefalten.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Matthaeum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67493",,"fol. 75 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a characteristic disciplined Caroline minuscule of a type seen in other manuscripts of Saint Amand and Salzburg origin (see CLA [6.758](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1166), [6.839](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1254), and [9.1237](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1719)): **v** occurs in the **-orum** ending; **y** is short and dotted. A line of half-uncial follows a first line of coloured capitals on fol. 2.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 104 no. 49.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1855,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1855,"Script, by several hands, is a characteristic disciplined Caroline minuscule of a type seen in other manuscripts of Saint Amand and Salzburg origin (see CLA 6.758, 6.839, and 9.1237): v occurs in the -orum ending; y is short and dotted. A line of half-uncial follows a first line of coloured capitals on fol. 2.
","Written presumably at Saint Amand, as would appear from the close resemblance to manuscripts like Douai 12, and the others referred to above; this origin is confirmed by the formula 'A EPCS FIERI IVSSIT' contained in the long colophon on fol. 157; the 'A' probably stands for Arno, bishop, later archbishop of Salzburg (785–821) and abbot of Saint Amand. The manuscript has a fifteenth-century binding characteristic of the Benedictine monastery of Zwiefalten.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 104 no. 49.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1855.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1855.jpg 1856,1458,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1355,"Written in the Lake Constance region, to judge from its palaeography. Belonged later to the Benedictine monastery of Weingarten: the entry 'Monasterii Weingartensis An° 1630' stands on fol. 1; it may have come there from the old cathedral library of Constance along with many other manuscripts.",,,,"Vitae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67494",,"fol. 89v ",,,"Script is a roundish early minuscule of the Alemannic type: open **a** predominates; noteworthy is the form of **o** here and there with its horn-shaped ending; v-shaped **u** occurs at line-ends; **z** has the typical Germanic form with the two horizontals curved, the upper cup-shaped, the lower convex; suprascript, sickle-shaped **a** occurs in ligature; other ligatures include **nt** even in mid-word, **ti** ligature for both hard and soft ti. Marginal summaries in smaller script are by a contemporary hand. The familiar alphabetical exercise 'adnexique, etc.' is found with other probationes pennae (saec. IX–XII) on fol. 117v and on the inside of the back cover.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1856,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1856,"Script is a roundish early minuscule of the Alemannic type: open a predominates; noteworthy is the form of o here and there with its horn-shaped ending; v-shaped u occurs at line-ends; z has the typical Germanic form with the two horizontals curved, the upper cup-shaped, the lower convex; suprascript, sickle-shaped a occurs in ligature; other ligatures include nt even in mid-word, ti ligature for both hard and soft ti. Marginal summaries in smaller script are by a contemporary hand. The familiar alphabetical exercise 'adnexique, etc.' is found with other probationes pennae (saec. IX–XII) on fol. 117v and on the inside of the back cover.
","Written in the Lake Constance region, to judge from its palaeography. Belonged later to the Benedictine monastery of Weingarten: the entry 'Monasterii Weingartensis An° 1630' stands on fol. 1; it may have come there from the old cathedral library of Constance along with many other manuscripts.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1856.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1856.jpg 1857,1459,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,9,1356,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre with Insular connections on the Continent, to judge from the abbreviations, spelling, and the use of parchment as against vellum. The fragments were recovered from the binding of Inc. H 3550 4° which cannot be earlier than 1505; this volume belonged to the Franciscan convent at Ehingen on the Danube and later to the monastery of Wiblingen near Ulm.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.23–29).",Parchment,,,"TM 67495",,"fol. 4 ",,,"Script is uncial of a strange type, perhaps imitative: the bow of **A** is small, pointed, and hangs somewhat above the base-line; **ꝺ** has a short stem; the tail of **𐌾** is long; **LL** run together; **M** is broad and low; ascenders and descenders are rather long. A small interlinear correction saec. IX is marked by signes de renvoi.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1857,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1857,"Script is uncial of a strange type, perhaps imitative: the bow of A is small, pointed, and hangs somewhat above the base-line; ꝺ has a short stem; the tail of 𐌾 is long; LL run together; M is broad and low; ascenders and descenders are rather long. A small interlinear correction saec. IX is marked by signes de renvoi.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre with Insular connections on the Continent, to judge from the abbreviations, spelling, and the use of parchment as against vellum. The fragments were recovered from the binding of Inc. H 3550 4° which cannot be earlier than 1505; this volume belonged to the Franciscan convent at Ehingen on the Danube and later to the monastery of Wiblingen near Ulm.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1857.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1857.jpg 1858,1460,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1357,"Written in an Alemannic centre with good standards. The fragments were recovered from the bindings of the Stuttgart incunabula 6769 and H 5385 (from the Charterhouse of Güterstein near Urach).",,,,"Comes Duplex.",Parchment,,,"TM 67496",,"fol. 4v of quire I",,,"Script is broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: Caroline **a** is still rare; suprascript v-shaped **u** occurs here and there at line-end; the ligature **nt** is found even in mid-word. The hand of a corrector saec. IX² recalls St Gall script.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1858,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1858,"Script is broad roundish minuscule of the Alemannic type: Caroline a is still rare; suprascript v-shaped u occurs here and there at line-end; the ligature nt is found even in mid-word. The hand of a corrector saec. IX² recalls St Gall script.
","Written in an Alemannic centre with good standards. The fragments were recovered from the bindings of the Stuttgart incunabula 6769 and H 5385 (from the Charterhouse of Güterstein near Urach).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1858.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1858.jpg 1859,1461,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1358,"Written in the Lake Constance region. Belonged to the Constance Cathedral Library during the Middle Ages. In 1630 it came into the possession of the monastery of Weingarten, whose ex-libris stands on fol. 1.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Prv, Ecl, Ct; Vetus Latina, Iob, Idt, Est, 1–2 Esr). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67497",,"fol. 60v ",,,"Script is broad and roundish Alemannic minuscule by more than one scribe: the characteristic ligature **nt** occurs in mid-word; uncial **𐌾** occurs here and there. A few Old High German glosses written with pen or stylus. The familiar verses 'Omnia vincit amor' etc. and 'Ferunt ophyr' etc. occur as probationes pennae on foll. 5, 13, 86, 104, etc. The manuscript shows much use.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1859,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1859,"Script is broad and roundish Alemannic minuscule by more than one scribe: the characteristic ligature nt occurs in mid-word; uncial 𐌾 occurs here and there. A few Old High German glosses written with pen or stylus. The familiar verses 'Omnia vincit amor' etc. and 'Ferunt ophyr' etc. occur as probationes pennae on foll. 5, 13, 86, 104, etc. The manuscript shows much use.
","Written in the Lake Constance region. Belonged to the Constance Cathedral Library during the Middle Ages. In 1630 it came into the possession of the monastery of Weingarten, whose ex-libris stands on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1859.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1859.jpg 1860,1462,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1359,"Written doubtless at Verona, as appears from the close resemblance to the famous homiliary produced there at the order of Bishop Egino of Verona (772–799; †802). Belonged later to the Benedictine monastery of Weingarten, whose ex-libris dated 1603 is seen on fol. 1 of the main manuscript.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Vulgata, Sir 19.24–28, 20.3–7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67498",,"Visible side of the fragment is shown ",,,"Script is well-formed early Caroline minuscule, apparently by one of the scribes of the Berlin Egino Codex Phill. 1676 (foll. 29v ff.) and Munich CLM 6402 (CLA [8.1057](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1517) and [9.1281](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1772)): **a** has two forms, the Caroline predominating.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1860,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1860,"Script is well-formed early Caroline minuscule, apparently by one of the scribes of the Berlin Egino Codex Phill. 1676 (foll. 29v ff.) and Munich CLM 6402 (CLA 8.1057 and 9.1281): a has two forms, the Caroline predominating.
","Written doubtless at Verona, as appears from the close resemblance to the famous homiliary produced there at the order of Bishop Egino of Verona (772–799; †802). Belonged later to the Benedictine monastery of Weingarten, whose ex-libris dated 1603 is seen on fol. 1 of the main manuscript.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1860.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1860.jpg 1861,1463,"Rhaetian Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1360,"Written in the Rhaetian centre which produced another legal manuscript, St Gall 722 (CLA [7.946](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1408)), and probably at Chur, since Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is mentioned in the Capitula Remedii of the latter volume. The ex-libris 'Monasterii Weingartensis A° 1606' is seen on fol. 2.",,,,"Canonum Collectio Andegavensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67499",,"foll. 2 and 200v ",,,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule by several hands, in part closely akin to the upper script of St Gall 722 , with which our manuscript virtually agrees in size: **a** has two forms, with open **a** predominating; **ꞇ** has the typical Rhaetian form; numerous ligatures, including **nt** in mid-word and **ti** ligature for hard and soft ti; a curious form of suprascript **a** occurs in ligature. The uncial forms seen in the headings are characteristic of this school. A curious sloping minuscule saec. IX under Rhaetian influence is used for fol. 103r–v. A number of uncial headings were supplied in the ninth century.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1861,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1861,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule by several hands, in part closely akin to the upper script of St Gall 722 , with which our manuscript virtually agrees in size: a has two forms, with open a predominating; ꞇ has the typical Rhaetian form; numerous ligatures, including nt in mid-word and ti ligature for hard and soft ti; a curious form of suprascript a occurs in ligature. The uncial forms seen in the headings are characteristic of this school. A curious sloping minuscule saec. IX under Rhaetian influence is used for fol. 103r–v. A number of uncial headings were supplied in the ninth century.
","Written in the Rhaetian centre which produced another legal manuscript, St Gall 722 (CLA 7.946), and probably at Chur, since Bishop Remedius (ca. 800) is mentioned in the Capitula Remedii of the latter volume. The ex-libris 'Monasterii Weingartensis A° 1606' is seen on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1861.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1861.jpg 1862,1464,Uncial,VII,601,700,9,1361,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Canones poenitentiales ca 800. Later used as fly-leaf in a manuscript of the Constance Cathedral Library which in 1630 was acquired by the monastery of Weingarten.",0,,,"Sacramentarium Formae Leonianae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67500",,"Image from an opening ",,,"Script is small uncial and hardly decipherable.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 27.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1862,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1862,"Script is small uncial and hardly decipherable.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten with Canones poenitentiales ca 800. Later used as fly-leaf in a manuscript of the Constance Cathedral Library which in 1630 was acquired by the monastery of Weingarten.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 27.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1862.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1862.jpg 1863,1465,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1362,"Written doubtless in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland. The fragment was used for binding a register of the year 1599 belonging to the Premonstratensian monastery of Rot.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum (1.5.1–6, 10.1–11).",Parchment,,,"TM 67501",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is early minuscule of the distinct Rhaetian type: **a** has two forms; the uncial form of **g** occurs in addresses and dates; **ꞇ** has mostly the Caroline form, but the typical Rhaetian form resembling Beneventan also occurs; both **ti** and **ti** ligature are used for soft ti.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1863,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1863,"Script is early minuscule of the distinct Rhaetian type: a has two forms; the uncial form of g occurs in addresses and dates; ꞇ has mostly the Caroline form, but the typical Rhaetian form resembling Beneventan also occurs; both ti and ti ligature are used for soft ti.
","Written doubtless in the Rhaetian part of Switzerland. The fragment was used for binding a register of the year 1599 belonging to the Premonstratensian monastery of Rot.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1863.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1863.jpg 1864,1466,Uncial,VII,601,700,9,1363,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the twelfth century, presumably in the region in which the manuscript has been preserved, and perhaps later belonged to the abbey of St Matthias at Trier.",0,,,"Eucherius, Instructiones.",Parchment,,,"TM 67502",,"fol. 117v ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type. Fol. 117v is practically the only legible page.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1864,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1864,"Script is uncial of a late type. Fol. 117v is practically the only legible page.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the twelfth century, presumably in the region in which the manuscript has been preserved, and perhaps later belonged to the abbey of St Matthias at Trier.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1864.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1864.jpg 1865,1467,"Uncial and Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1364,"Written doubtless on the Continent, partly by Thomas, and probably in a centre like Echternach where Anglo-Saxon and native scribes could have collaborated. Belonged to Christopher Graf von Kesselstatt. Now kept in the Cathedral treasury.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Thomas Gospels. Trier Gospels.",,"TM 67503",,"foll. 65v and 141 ",,,"Script is mostly uncial of a French type, except for foll. 5v–9r, 10–14, 19–20r, 141–144v which are in excellent Anglo-Saxon majuscule; the two scribes worked side by side; noteworthy in the uncial are the forms of **A**, **G**, sickle-shaped suprascript **U**, and **Z** which goes well below the line; in the Insular parts **d**, **n**, **r**, and **s** have two forms, with the majuscule predominating; **g** in ligature is s-like; the scribe shows his affection for Greek by using **𐌸** for ps (fol. 144). The Insular scribe is named Thomas: 'Thomas scribsit' is seen on foll. 5v (in majuscule) and 125v (in minuscule), 'Thomas' alone on fol. 11 (in majuscule). Numerous marginal liturgical entries saec. VIII, some in uncial, some in cursive minuscule strongly recalling Luxeuil script; an erased entry in Merovingian cursive on fol. 98.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 35 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil), dates to 720–40. ☛Gamber, CLLA 260 d. ☛Formerly Trier, Dombibliothek 134 (61). ☛N. Netzer, Cultural interplay in the eighth century (Cambridge 1994).",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1865,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1865,"Script is mostly uncial of a French type, except for foll. 5v–9r, 10–14, 19–20r, 141–144v which are in excellent Anglo-Saxon majuscule; the two scribes worked side by side; noteworthy in the uncial are the forms of A, G, sickle-shaped suprascript U, and Z which goes well below the line; in the Insular parts d, n, r, and s have two forms, with the majuscule predominating; g in ligature is s-like; the scribe shows his affection for Greek by using 𐌸 for ps (fol. 144). The Insular scribe is named Thomas: 'Thomas scribsit' is seen on foll. 5v (in majuscule) and 125v (in minuscule), 'Thomas' alone on fol. 11 (in majuscule). Numerous marginal liturgical entries saec. VIII, some in uncial, some in cursive minuscule strongly recalling Luxeuil script; an erased entry in Merovingian cursive on fol. 98.
","Written doubtless on the Continent, partly by Thomas, and probably in a centre like Echternach where Anglo-Saxon and native scribes could have collaborated. Belonged to Christopher Graf von Kesselstatt. Now kept in the Cathedral treasury.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 35 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil), dates to 720–40. ☛Gamber, CLLA 260 d. ☛Formerly Trier, Dombibliothek 134 (61). ☛N. Netzer, Cultural interplay in the eighth century (Cambridge 1994).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1865.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1865.jpg 1867,1468,Uncial,VIII,701,800,9,1365,"Written apparently in Italy, possibly in France. Used as back fly-leaf to a manuscript of Arator and Bede, saec. X–XI, which belonged to the monastery of Abdinghof near Paderborn: the entry 'Liber aplorum Petri et Pauli in Patherbrunno' (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. This manuscript came to Trier with other books formerly in the possession of Christopher Graf von Kesselstatt, dean of Paderborn, whose ex-libris of the year 1806 is seen on the front cover.",,,,"Orationes ex Sacramentario Gregoriano Sumptae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67504",,"Image from the opening, foll. 1v-2",,,"Script is a regular uncial: **A** has a shallow bow; the tall form of **T** occurs near line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1867,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1867,"Script is a regular uncial: A has a shallow bow; the tall form of T occurs near line-end.
","Written apparently in Italy, possibly in France. Used as back fly-leaf to a manuscript of Arator and Bede, saec. X–XI, which belonged to the monastery of Abdinghof near Paderborn: the entry 'Liber aplorum Petri et Pauli in Patherbrunno' (saec. XII) stands on fol. 1. This manuscript came to Trier with other books formerly in the possession of Christopher Graf von Kesselstatt, dean of Paderborn, whose ex-libris of the year 1806 is seen on the front cover.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1867.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1867.jpg 1868,1469,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1366,"Written at the order of Ada—her identity with an alleged daughter of Pippin (died after 823) is uncertain—in Charlemagne's palace school, the same scriptorium that produced London Harley 2788 and Paris N.A. Lat. 1203 (cf. CLA [2.198](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/515); [5.681](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067); [6.704](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1099), and p. xxvii). The Ada inscription, in contemporary Rustic capital in red on fol. 172, reads in part: '[liber] quem devota do iussit perscribere mater Ada ancila di'. The manuscript was in the monastery of St Maximin at Trier certainly by the twelfth century.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,"Ada Gospels. Codex Adae.",,"TM 67505",,"foll. 35v and 113 ",,,"Script, by more than one scribe, is Caroline minuscule except on foll. 11v–13v and 16r–v which are in uncial; the roundish hand of foll. 17–38v with its frequent open **a** and uncial **N** shows an early stage of Caroline minuscule closely resembling the hand of Godescalc in the famous Charlemagne Evangelistary of the years 781–783 (Paris N.A. Lat. 1203, foll. 126v–127; CLA [5.681](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1067)) and also recalling the Lorsch type of that period (see CLA 6, p. xxvii); the hand changes with the new quire on fol. 39 and script becomes more advanced.","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, [Pl. 45](http://www.icar.beniculturali.it/biblio/pdf/Steffens/069_tav045b.pdf).",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1868,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1868,"Script, by more than one scribe, is Caroline minuscule except on foll. 11v–13v and 16r–v which are in uncial; the roundish hand of foll. 17–38v with its frequent open a and uncial N shows an early stage of Caroline minuscule closely resembling the hand of Godescalc in the famous Charlemagne Evangelistary of the years 781–783 (Paris N.A. Lat. 1203, foll. 126v–127; CLA 5.681) and also recalling the Lorsch type of that period (see CLA 6, p. xxvii); the hand changes with the new quire on fol. 39 and script becomes more advanced.
","Written at the order of Ada—her identity with an alleged daughter of Pippin (died after 823) is uncertain—in Charlemagne's palace school, the same scriptorium that produced London Harley 2788 and Paris N.A. Lat. 1203 (cf. CLA 2.198; 5.681; 6.704, and p. xxvii). The Ada inscription, in contemporary Rustic capital in red on fol. 172, reads in part: '[liber] quem devota do iussit perscribere mater Ada ancila di'. The manuscript was in the monastery of St Maximin at Trier certainly by the twelfth century.
","☛Steffens, Paléographie latine, Pl. 45.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1868.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1868.jpg 1869,1470,Uncial,"VIII¹ ",719,719,9,1367,"Written in 719 in Italy, to judge by the script of text, and presumably in the North, to judge by the marginalia. The manuscript belonged to the abbey of St Matthias near Trier.",,,,"Quodvultdeus (Ps- Prosper) De Promissionibus et Praedicationibus Dei; Signa Antichristi; Versus Sibyllae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67506",,"foll. 96 and 113v ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** hangs above the base-line; the tail of **G** is thin and straight; initial **I** often descends below the line; the third stroke of **N** and most descenders are spike-like; **LL** often run together; thin vertical finials are added to some letters. The date 719 is fixed by a chronological computation on fol. 115. Numerous marginal notes in a curious minuscule occasionally mixed with cursive and uncial seem almost contemporary. A ninth-century Italian hand wrote fol. 56v ('De electis ante lege uel sub lege').",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1869,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1869,"Script is uncial of a late type: the bow of A hangs above the base-line; the tail of G is thin and straight; initial I often descends below the line; the third stroke of N and most descenders are spike-like; LL often run together; thin vertical finials are added to some letters. The date 719 is fixed by a chronological computation on fol. 115. Numerous marginal notes in a curious minuscule occasionally mixed with cursive and uncial seem almost contemporary. A ninth-century Italian hand wrote fol. 56v ('De electis ante lege uel sub lege').
","Written in 719 in Italy, to judge by the script of text, and presumably in the North, to judge by the marginalia. The manuscript belonged to the abbey of St Matthias near Trier.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1869.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1869.jpg 1870,1471,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1368,"Written in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent. Rewritten in the eleventh century, probably in the abbey of St Eucharius and St Matthias near Trier: the twelfth-century ex-libris 'Libellus sancti Eucharii primi Treuirorum archiepiscopi sanctique Mathie apostoli; quem si quis abstulerit anathema sit' stands on fol. 1. The manuscript came into the possession of D. Hermes after the dispersion of the library and was presented by him to the public library in 1827.",,,,"Collectio Canonum Hibernensis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67507",,"fol. 56 ",,,"Script is a compressed Irish majuscule. Many interlinear glosses in contemporary Irish minuscule.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1870,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1870,"Script is a compressed Irish majuscule. Many interlinear glosses in contemporary Irish minuscule.
","Written in Ireland or in an Irish centre on the Continent. Rewritten in the eleventh century, probably in the abbey of St Eucharius and St Matthias near Trier: the twelfth-century ex-libris 'Libellus sancti Eucharii primi Treuirorum archiepiscopi sanctique Mathie apostoli; quem si quis abstulerit anathema sit' stands on fol. 1. The manuscript came into the possession of D. Hermes after the dispersion of the library and was presented by him to the public library in 1827.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1870.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1870.jpg 1871,1472,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1369,"Origin uncertain, manifestly a good scriptorium and probably in England. The fragment was used for binding an edition of Gellius; it belonged later to the German philologist, A. W. Fröhner, who lived in Paris, and with whose legacy it came to the Weimar library in 1927.",3,,,"Isidorus, De Natura Rerum (1.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67508",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule retaining some majuscule elements: here and there **a**, **d**, and **r** have the majuscule form; the **st** ligature occurs. ",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1871,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1871,"Script is a well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule retaining some majuscule elements: here and there a, d, and r have the majuscule form; the st ligature occurs.
","Origin uncertain, manifestly a good scriptorium and probably in England. The fragment was used for binding an edition of Gellius; it belonged later to the German philologist, A. W. Fröhner, who lived in Paris, and with whose legacy it came to the Weimar library in 1927.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1871.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1871.jpg 1872,1473,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,9,1370,"Written presumably in Northumbria, perhaps in the centre in which the main scribe of the St Petersburg Bede was trained. Later history unknown, but it seems probable that this very manuscript in its Continental home became the archetype of the entire ‘trans-alpine’ branch of the Iustinus tradition. Was in the possession of Fridegar Mone, and probably already of his father Fr Jos. Mone (†1871). Said to have belonged to some Dr Amt at Quedlinburg after the dissolution of the Fischer collection.",,,,"Iustinus, Epitome Historiarum Philippicarum (23–24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67509",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is an easy, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule closely resembling the last hand of the St Petersburg Bede: **a** has two forms; **c** often rises above the other letters and touches the upper left end of open **a** and **u**; **d** has regularly the uncial form. Marginal notes in smaller script are by the same hand.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1872,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1872,"Script is an easy, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule closely resembling the last hand of the St Petersburg Bede: a has two forms; c often rises above the other letters and touches the upper left end of open a and u; d has regularly the uncial form. Marginal notes in smaller script are by the same hand.
","Written presumably in Northumbria, perhaps in the centre in which the main scribe of the St Petersburg Bede was trained. Later history unknown, but it seems probable that this very manuscript in its Continental home became the archetype of the entire ‘trans-alpine’ branch of the Iustinus tradition. Was in the possession of Fridegar Mone, and probably already of his father Fr Jos. Mone (†1871). Said to have belonged to some Dr Amt at Quedlinburg after the dissolution of the Fischer collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1872.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1872.jpg 1873,1474,"Caroline Minuscule",X,901,1000,9,1371,"A bifolium, considered lost in 1955, was here described on the authority of P. Lehman, its original discoverer. It has since come to light and been found not to be Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX, which mistakenly gave it a place in our series, but Caroline minuscule saec. X (teste B. Bischoff). The leaves serve as back fly-leaf in an incunabulum (Thomas Aquinas, Quaestiones de XII quodlibet, Cologne 1471).",,,,"Aldhelmus, Carmen de Virginitate (Prol. 5.20–38, Carm. 5.1–25, 228–277).",Parchment,,,,,,,,,"☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Bibliothek der Pfarrkirche without number.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1873,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1873,,"A bifolium, considered lost in 1955, was here described on the authority of P. Lehman, its original discoverer. It has since come to light and been found not to be Insular minuscule saec. VIII–IX, which mistakenly gave it a place in our series, but Caroline minuscule saec. X (teste B. Bischoff). The leaves serve as back fly-leaf in an incunabulum (Thomas Aquinas, Quaestiones de XII quodlibet, Cologne 1471).
","☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Bibliothek der Pfarrkirche without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1873.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1873.jpg 1874,1475,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1372,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragments were used for binding accounts of the monastery of Neustadt on the Main for the years 1671–1673. The bindings were possibly made in Würzburg.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67510",,"Image from the recto of the Wertheim leaf",,,"Script, by two hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type characterized by long descenders: **a** and **d** have two forms; **g** has a pointed chest; **l** (in **ll** the second **l**) regularly extends far below the line; the last stroke of **m** is often prolonged; ligatures include **tio**. The uncial of the headings is not typically English: **B** is tall; **L** sometimes extends below the line; the top of **T** bends to the left. For the usual 'praefatio', our manuscript has 'cumlaudatio’ or 'contestatio'. For other details see under St Petersburg, CLA [11.**1372](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/326).","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 b. ☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Fürstlich Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenbergsches Archiv fr. 1 (lit. B. no. 1686 a). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2296. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1874,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1874,"Script, by two hands, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type characterized by long descenders: a and d have two forms; g has a pointed chest; l (in ll the second l) regularly extends far below the line; the last stroke of m is often prolonged; ligatures include tio. The uncial of the headings is not typically English: B is tall; L sometimes extends below the line; the top of T bends to the left. For the usual 'praefatio', our manuscript has 'cumlaudatio’ or 'contestatio'. For other details see under St Petersburg, CLA 11.**1372.
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragments were used for binding accounts of the monastery of Neustadt on the Main for the years 1671–1673. The bindings were possibly made in Würzburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 b. ☛Formerly Wertheim am Main, Fürstlich Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenbergsches Archiv fr. 1 (lit. B. no. 1686 a). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2296.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1874.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1874.jpg 1875,1476,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1373,"Written doubtless in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, in Hessia or in the Main region. Used for binding J. Lapaeus, Warhafftige Prophezeiungen . . . Martini Lutheri, printed in 1578, and two other books printed in 1577–1578.",,,,"Ps- Ambrosius, Acta S Sebastiani (100.4.13–5.16, 7.24–8.26).",Parchment,,,"TM 67511",,"Image from cap. vii. 24",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type common in Hessia and in the Main region: one form of **a** has an elongated shaft; **d** normally has the uncial form, **N** occasionally at line-end; descenders are long, including those of **r** and **s**. Corrections in eleventh-century minuscule. ",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1875,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1875,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type common in Hessia and in the Main region: one form of a has an elongated shaft; d normally has the uncial form, N occasionally at line-end; descenders are long, including those of r and s. Corrections in eleventh-century minuscule.
","Written doubtless in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, in Hessia or in the Main region. Used for binding J. Lapaeus, Warhafftige Prophezeiungen . . . Martini Lutheri, printed in 1578, and two other books printed in 1577–1578.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1875.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1875.jpg 1876,1477,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,9,1374a,"Written in an Italian centre of high calligraphic standards. For later history of the manuscript, see [following item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1877).",,,,Agrimensores.,Parchment,,,"TM 67513",,"Image from fol. 84v (=86v)",,,"Script is a bold, expert uncial, not of the very oldest type: the bow of **A** is often oval-shaped; the eye of **E** is closed and the hasta is high; **N** is broad; the bow of **R** almost touches the base-line. Corrections partly in sloping uncial by one of the scribes of the supplement. A note in minuscule saec. X is seen on fol. 108.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1876,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1876,"Script is a bold, expert uncial, not of the very oldest type: the bow of A is often oval-shaped; the eye of E is closed and the hasta is high; N is broad; the bow of R almost touches the base-line. Corrections partly in sloping uncial by one of the scribes of the supplement. A note in minuscule saec. X is seen on fol. 108.
","Written in an Italian centre of high calligraphic standards. For later history of the manuscript, see following item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1876.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1876.jpg 1877,1478,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,9,1374b,"Written in Italy. The claim that the manuscript was used by Gerbert (†1003) at Bobbio cannot be proved, but it may actually have been already there in his time; it was at Bobbio that Georgius Galbiatus discovered it in 1493. Came into the possession of Erasmus of Rotterdam (†1536) and in 1566 it belonged to Johannes Arcerius (†1604), from whose son it was bought by Peter Scriverius (†1653); after his death it became the property of the ducal library in Wolfenbüttel. Brought to Paris under Napoleon and returned in 1815.",3,,,Agrimensores.,Parchment,,,"TM 67512",,"fol. 19",,,"Script is a bold though not very regular uncial: the bow of **A** is pointed and constricted; the tail of **G** is long and thin; the second arch of **M** is mostly wider and taller than the first; the first upright of **N** often turns leftward; the bows of **P** and **q** are ample; **Y** is tall. Smaller sloping uncial (with minuscule **b**, capital **E**, and **G** resembling an elongated C) is frequently used at line-ends. Corrections in uncial in grey ink, or in sloping uncial (by one of the scribes of the text), or in semi-cursive or cursive minuscule, or in Square capital. Syllabic tachygraphy on foll. 28 and 29v. The entry ‘ΑΔΕΛΒΗΡΘω ΠΥΚΘωΡ' (adelberto pictor, saec. X) stands on fol. 40v; 'giselbertus' (saec. X) on fol. 75; Latin rhythmical poems in Italian minuscule saec. X in the upper margin of foll. 37 and 50.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1877,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1877,"Script is a bold though not very regular uncial: the bow of A is pointed and constricted; the tail of G is long and thin; the second arch of M is mostly wider and taller than the first; the first upright of N often turns leftward; the bows of P and q are ample; Y is tall. Smaller sloping uncial (with minuscule b, capital E, and G resembling an elongated C) is frequently used at line-ends. Corrections in uncial in grey ink, or in sloping uncial (by one of the scribes of the text), or in semi-cursive or cursive minuscule, or in Square capital. Syllabic tachygraphy on foll. 28 and 29v. The entry ‘ΑΔΕΛΒΗΡΘω ΠΥΚΘωΡ' (adelberto pictor, saec. X) stands on fol. 40v; 'giselbertus' (saec. X) on fol. 75; Latin rhythmical poems in Italian minuscule saec. X in the upper margin of foll. 37 and 50.
","Written in Italy. The claim that the manuscript was used by Gerbert (†1003) at Bobbio cannot be proved, but it may actually have been already there in his time; it was at Bobbio that Georgius Galbiatus discovered it in 1493. Came into the possession of Erasmus of Rotterdam (†1536) and in 1566 it belonged to Johannes Arcerius (†1604), from whose son it was bought by Peter Scriverius (†1653); after his death it became the property of the ducal library in Wolfenbüttel. Brought to Paris under Napoleon and returned in 1815.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1877.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1877.jpg 1878,1479,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1375,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The eleventh-century Lucan manuscript in which the two surviving folios serve as fly-leaves belonged in the fifteenth century to Murbach. There are three entries in the main manuscript (on foll. 81, 101v, and 102v) by Frater Sigismundus Meisterlin, in one of which he says that he had seen and read this and other books in 1463–1464; the entry on fol. 101v tells us that this happened at Murbach, for one can still make out the familiar Murbach formula 'orate pro domino bart[holomeo]'. On the inside of the front cover one reads: 'Matthiae Berneggeri e Biblioth. Nic. Gerbelii 1634'.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Ps fragm.)",Parchment,,,"TM 67514",,"Image from the back fly-leaf",,,"Script is a compressed Insular majuscule: minuscule **a** occurs here and there; **d** is mostly minuscule; **n** and **r** are regularly so and are easily confused; **S** is mostly majuscule; both branches of **y** curve to the right; the **st** ligature occurs. Small corrections in contemporary minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1878,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1878,"Script is a compressed Insular majuscule: minuscule a occurs here and there; d is mostly minuscule; n and r are regularly so and are easily confused; S is mostly majuscule; both branches of y curve to the right; the st ligature occurs. Small corrections in contemporary minuscule.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent. The eleventh-century Lucan manuscript in which the two surviving folios serve as fly-leaves belonged in the fifteenth century to Murbach. There are three entries in the main manuscript (on foll. 81, 101v, and 102v) by Frater Sigismundus Meisterlin, in one of which he says that he had seen and read this and other books in 1463–1464; the entry on fol. 101v tells us that this happened at Murbach, for one can still make out the familiar Murbach formula 'orate pro domino bart[holomeo]'. On the inside of the front cover one reads: 'Matthiae Berneggeri e Biblioth. Nic. Gerbelii 1634'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1878.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1878.jpg 1879,1480,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,9,1376,"Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house where a number of classical texts were palimpsested (cf. CLA [4.497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845), [498](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/846), [499](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/847), [500](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/848), [501](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/849) and the Pliny at St Paul in Carinthia). For other Luxeuil manuscripts of Augustine, see CLA 6, p. xvi f. Our fragment was used in the binding of a Strasbourg incunabulum edition of Nicolaus de Lyra (Hain 10372).",,,,"Augustinus, Epistulae (54.7), Sermones (71.11–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67515",,"Image shows the reversed offset ",,,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule. A clear offset of the secondary script on one side of the fragment is seen in the back cover of the printed book from which it was detached (Wolfenbüttel 2° theol. 18). ","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 22.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1879,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1879,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule. A clear offset of the secondary script on one side of the fragment is seen in the back cover of the printed book from which it was detached (Wolfenbüttel 2° theol. 18).
","Written at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house where a number of classical texts were palimpsested (cf. CLA 4.497, 498, 499, 500, 501 and the Pliny at St Paul in Carinthia). For other Luxeuil manuscripts of Augustine, see CLA 6, p. xvi f. Our fragment was used in the binding of a Strasbourg incunabulum edition of Nicolaus de Lyra (Hain 10372).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 22.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1879.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1879.jpg 1880,1481,Uncial,V²,451,500,9,1377,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Overwritten in the eighth century with Augustine at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. The fragment was used in the binding of a Strasbourg incunabulum edition of Nicolaus de Lyra (Hain 10372).",3,,,"Ovidius, Ex ponto (4 9.101–8, 127–33; 12.15–19, 41–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67516",,"foll. 2 and 1v ",,,"Script is excellent, bold uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high, and the eye is open; **N** is very broad; the bows of **P** and **q** are small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1880,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1880,"Script is excellent, bold uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high, and the eye is open; N is very broad; the bows of P and q are small.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Overwritten in the eighth century with Augustine at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. The fragment was used in the binding of a Strasbourg incunabulum edition of Nicolaus de Lyra (Hain 10372).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1880.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1880.jpg 1881,1482,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1378,"Written in a Frankish centre, perhaps in the very scriptorium in which the restoration leaf (fol. 33) in the [Ashburnham Pentateuch](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1083) was written; though this restoration script has marked echoes of the beautiful Tours minuscule and was ascribed to Tours by E. K. Rand, the ascription is questionable. Later in the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, where it was copied in 1483 by the Nuremberg humanist Hartmann Schedel.",,,,"Vergilius Salisburgensis, Cosmographia Aethici Histri.",Parchment,,,"TM 67517",,"foll. 29 and 29v",,,"Script is graceful Caroline minuscule showing the closest resemblance to the hand of the restored folio 33 in the Ashburnham Pentateuch (Paris, N. A. Lat. 2334, see CLA [5.693a](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1083)): the well-shaped minuscule **g** and the occasional half-uncial form in ligature have a distinctly Turonian look; the uncial form of **n** is not infrequent; ‘finit' on fol. 65 v recalls half-uncial. Some Old High German glosses scratched in with a stylus.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1881,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1881,"Script is graceful Caroline minuscule showing the closest resemblance to the hand of the restored folio 33 in the Ashburnham Pentateuch (Paris, N. A. Lat. 2334, see CLA 5.693a): the well-shaped minuscule g and the occasional half-uncial form in ligature have a distinctly Turonian look; the uncial form of n is not infrequent; ‘finit' on fol. 65 v recalls half-uncial. Some Old High German glosses scratched in with a stylus.
","Written in a Frankish centre, perhaps in the very scriptorium in which the restoration leaf (fol. 33) in the Ashburnham Pentateuch was written; though this restoration script has marked echoes of the beautiful Tours minuscule and was ascribed to Tours by E. K. Rand, the ascription is questionable. Later in the monastery of St Emmeram at Regensburg, where it was copied in 1483 by the Nuremberg humanist Hartmann Schedel.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1881.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1881.jpg 1882,1483,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,9,1379,"Written doubtless in France, perhaps in Burgundy. Later in the monastery of Corvey on Weser: the entry 'Liber sci uiti in corbea' (saec. X) stands on fol. 1. The manuscript belonged to the Münster physician Bernhard Rottendorff (†1685 or 1686), who presented it to Marquard Gude.",,,,"Hieronymus, In Psalmos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67518",,"foll. 11 and 182 ",,,"Script is small uncial of a late type: **Y** occurs in the Insular form with both branches curving to the right; ascenders of **h** and **L** are long; **LL** run together here and there; minuscule letters occur occasionally at line-end; on fol. 11 several words are in Merovingian minuscule. Capital **Q** here and there has the form found occasionally in Luxeuil manuscripts with the upright tail dividing the lower half of the oval. Contemporary marginal corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule with some uncial elements; a correction in minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 161v.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1882,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1882,"Script is small uncial of a late type: Y occurs in the Insular form with both branches curving to the right; ascenders of h and L are long; LL run together here and there; minuscule letters occur occasionally at line-end; on fol. 11 several words are in Merovingian minuscule. Capital Q here and there has the form found occasionally in Luxeuil manuscripts with the upright tail dividing the lower half of the oval. Contemporary marginal corrections in pre-Caroline minuscule with some uncial elements; a correction in minuscule saec. VIII on fol. 161v.
","Written doubtless in France, perhaps in Burgundy. Later in the monastery of Corvey on Weser: the entry 'Liber sci uiti in corbea' (saec. X) stands on fol. 1. The manuscript belonged to the Münster physician Bernhard Rottendorff (†1685 or 1686), who presented it to Marquard Gude.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1882.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1882.jpg 1883,1484,"Mixed Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,1000,9,1380,"Written in the same French centre with Celtic connections which produced [Bern 207 + Paris Lat. 7520](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/930) (from Fleury). The ninth century volume to which our fragment is attached probably originated at Laon, to judge by an initial on fol. 138v, which shows inside the contemporary inscription 'ΔΙΔΩΝ·CΙΤ·ΟΗΡΑ·ΛΟΧ'; a bishop by the name of Dido presided over Laon between 882–893.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (5.32–34)",Parchment,,,"TM 67519",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a tiny and pointed mixed type of minuscule betraying distinct Insular influence and closely resembling the script of [Bern 207](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/930) referred to above: **a** has two forms; **g** is Insular; **r** here and there approaches the Insular form; noteworthy are the numerous ligatures, some of which are typically Insular, including **ho**, **ma**, **mo**, **ni**, **no**, **tio**; **a** is found in ligature with following **m**, **n**, **r**.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1538.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1883,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1883,"Script is a tiny and pointed mixed type of minuscule betraying distinct Insular influence and closely resembling the script of Bern 207 referred to above: a has two forms; g is Insular; r here and there approaches the Insular form; noteworthy are the numerous ligatures, some of which are typically Insular, including ho, ma, mo, ni, no, tio; a is found in ligature with following m, n, r.
","Written in the same French centre with Celtic connections which produced Bern 207 + Paris Lat. 7520 (from Fleury). The ninth century volume to which our fragment is attached probably originated at Laon, to judge by an initial on fol. 138v, which shows inside the contemporary inscription 'ΔΙΔΩΝ·CΙΤ·ΟΗΡΑ·ΛΟΧ'; a bishop by the name of Dido presided over Laon between 882–893.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1538.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1883.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1883.jpg 1884,1485,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1381,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, presumably at Fulda. The typical fifteenth-century Fulda shelf-mark stands on the front cover. Later in the possession of Mathias Flacius Illyricus (†1575), acquired in 1597 by Duke Heinrich Julius von Braunschweig and donated in 1618 by Duke Friedrich Ulrich to the library of Helmstedt University.",,,,"Capitulare Ecclesiasticum; Augustinus, Sermones (Explanatio Symboli Apostolici, Explanatio Orationis Dominice).",Parchment,,,"TM 67520",,"fol. 15 ",,http://diglib.hab.de/mss/496a-helmst/start.htm?image=00001,"Script, by more than one scribe, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, characterized by **Ᵹ** with a pointed chest and very long descenders. Marginalia and German glosses in contemporary Insular minuscule (e.g. foll. 4v, 5).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1884,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1884,"Script, by more than one scribe, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type, characterized by Ᵹ with a pointed chest and very long descenders. Marginalia and German glosses in contemporary Insular minuscule (e.g. foll. 4v, 5).
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, presumably at Fulda. The typical fifteenth-century Fulda shelf-mark stands on the front cover. Later in the possession of Mathias Flacius Illyricus (†1575), acquired in 1597 by Duke Heinrich Julius von Braunschweig and donated in 1618 by Duke Friedrich Ulrich to the library of Helmstedt University.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1884.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1884.jpg 1885,1486,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1382,"Written in the same West Swiss or possibly North Italian centre which produced Paris Lat. 653 and the splendid Liber Comitis Paris Lat. 9451 (CLA [5.527](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/884), [580](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/945)) and presumably also St Gall 108 and 227 (CLA [7.905](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1363), [930](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1392)), Karlsruhe Aug. CCLXI (CLA [8.1111](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1578)), and Vienna 1616. The manuscript was acquired by Mathias Flacius Illyricus (†1575) and came with most of his books into the library of Helmstedt University.",,,,"Lex Alamannorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67521",,"fol. 13 ",,,"Script is calligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, characterized by the letter **r** with a markedly upturned shoulder; open **a** is almost the rule; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially (Ille, InIuriam); in the **ti** ligature the **i** swings boldly to the left; descenders are long, ascenders club-shaped. Some additions in crude German minuscule saec. IX.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1885,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1885,"Script is calligraphic pre-Caroline minuscule of a distinct type, characterized by the letter r with a markedly upturned shoulder; open a is almost the rule; i-longa occurs initially and medially (Ille, InIuriam); in the ti ligature the i swings boldly to the left; descenders are long, ascenders club-shaped. Some additions in crude German minuscule saec. IX.
","Written in the same West Swiss or possibly North Italian centre which produced Paris Lat. 653 and the splendid Liber Comitis Paris Lat. 9451 (CLA 5.527, 580) and presumably also St Gall 108 and 227 (CLA 7.905, 930), Karlsruhe Aug. CCLXI (CLA 8.1111), and Vienna 1616. The manuscript was acquired by Mathias Flacius Illyricus (†1575) and came with most of his books into the library of Helmstedt University.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1885.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1885.jpg 1886,1487,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,9,1383,"Written presumably at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. The Wolfenbüttel volume Theol. 236.22, from whose binding the fragments were salvaged, contains a collection of anti-Lutheran pamphlets and was probably bound for Leonhard Marstaller, professor at Ingolstadt 1519–46.",,,,"Inventio Sanctae Crucis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67522",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Luxeuil type (cf. CLA [5.579](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/943) and 6, p. xv ff.); the elongated descenders of **f**, **p**, **r** on the last line of the recto are filled in with red.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 23.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1886,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1886,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule of the Luxeuil type (cf. CLA 5.579 and 6, p. xv ff.); the elongated descenders of f, p, r on the last line of the recto are filled in with red.
","Written presumably at Luxeuil or in an affiliated house. The Wolfenbüttel volume Theol. 236.22, from whose binding the fragments were salvaged, contains a collection of anti-Lutheran pamphlets and was probably bound for Leonhard Marstaller, professor at Ingolstadt 1519–46.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 23.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1886.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1886.jpg 1887,1488,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,1000,9,1384,"Written at Weissenburg in Lower Alsatia, in part by Adallandus who wrote various charters for the monastery between 782–790. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Expositio in Psalmos (51–150).",Parchment,,,"TM 67523",,"Image from MS. 14, fol. 237v (Adallandus's hand)",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands: one in MS 24 recalls Weissenb. 81 (CLA [9.1393](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897)); some hands use **N** and **R** in the minuscule, some open **a** and **ꝺ**; **s** is markedly long in the **st** ligature; other ligatures include **nt** even in mid-word and **ti** ligature for soft ti; ligatures with suprascript **a** and other cursive features in Adallandus's part. Some opening words in artificial half-uncial. Some entries in cipher (partly borrowed from Notae Tironianae) in MS 14: 'ada' (fol. 23v), 'adallandus', another word, and 'ada' (fol. 40v). Corrections by several hands: one showing Anglo-Saxon influence is seen also in Gotha Mbr. I. 85 (CLA [8.1209](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1688)). The probatio pennae 'omnium inimicorum suorum dominabitur' saec. IX–X in MS 14 (fol. 246v).",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1887,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by several hands: one in MS 24 recalls Weissenb. 81 (CLA 9.1393); some hands use N and R in the minuscule, some open a and ꝺ; s is markedly long in the st ligature; other ligatures include nt even in mid-word and ti ligature for soft ti; ligatures with suprascript a and other cursive features in Adallandus's part. Some opening words in artificial half-uncial. Some entries in cipher (partly borrowed from Notae Tironianae) in MS 14: 'ada' (fol. 23v), 'adallandus', another word, and 'ada' (fol. 40v). Corrections by several hands: one showing Anglo-Saxon influence is seen also in Gotha Mbr. I. 85 (CLA 8.1209). The probatio pennae 'omnium inimicorum suorum dominabitur' saec. IX–X in MS 14 (fol. 246v).
","Written at Weissenburg in Lower Alsatia, in part by Adallandus who wrote various charters for the monastery between 782–790. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1887.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1887.jpg 1888,1489,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1385,"Written probably in the same centre which produced Metz 134 (CLA [6.788](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1202)), to judge from the script, and copied manifestly from an Anglo-Saxon exemplar. Later in Weissenburg: the Weissenburg ex-libris saec. XV–XVI stands on fol. 1. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67524",,"fol. 64 ",,,"Script, by several scribes, is a somewhat broad and stately early Caroline minuscule recalling Metz MS 134: open **a** is the rule; **ꝺ** and **N** are frequent; characteristic is the letter **g** recalling one hand in the Ada Gospels (CLA [9.1366](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1868)); ascenders are distinctly club-shaped; the Insular ligature **tio** occurs. Strong Insular flavour is discernible in script of a correction on fol. 29. The four virtues and ecclesiastical orders were entered on the blank fol. 92v by a hand saec. X or XI. A sketch of a bearded head is seen on fol. 98, top margin, and a pen-and-ink drawing on the last page.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1888,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1888,"Script, by several scribes, is a somewhat broad and stately early Caroline minuscule recalling Metz MS 134: open a is the rule; ꝺ and N are frequent; characteristic is the letter g recalling one hand in the Ada Gospels (CLA 9.1366); ascenders are distinctly club-shaped; the Insular ligature tio occurs. Strong Insular flavour is discernible in script of a correction on fol. 29. The four virtues and ecclesiastical orders were entered on the blank fol. 92v by a hand saec. X or XI. A sketch of a bearded head is seen on fol. 98, top margin, and a pen-and-ink drawing on the last page.
","Written probably in the same centre which produced Metz 134 (CLA 6.788), to judge from the script, and copied manifestly from an Anglo-Saxon exemplar. Later in Weissenburg: the Weissenburg ex-libris saec. XV–XVI stands on fol. 1. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1888.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1888.jpg 1889,1490,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,9,1386,"Written in North Italy, to judge from its script, and in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Lat. 5763, a twin manuscript of Isidore’s Etymologiae given to Bobbio by Boniprandus (CLA [1.39](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/47)). At Weissenburg at least by the fourteenth century, as is proved by the shelf-mark on fol. 1, found also in other Weissenburg manuscripts. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 67525",,"foll. 2v and 160v",,,"Script, by several hands, is a rapid cursive minuscule mainly of the North Italian type: **i**-longa is frequent; ligatures with suprascript **a** and **fl** with **l** subscript are frequent; one form of **ri** with the long downward stroke to the right is noteworthy; typical of North Italy is the **st** ligature; **ti** ligature is used indifferently for hard and soft ti. One hand seen on fol. 160v shows a curious mixture of North Italian and Merovingian cursive. Some contemporary notes in North Italian syllabic tachygraphy. Corrections partly contemporary, partly saec. IX–X. A Latin entry in uncial saec. VII was written on fol. 233 (palimpsest of Greek Gospels saec. VI) before the leaf was re-used for Isidore.","☛CLA date (VIII) changed to follow Scriptorium 60 (2006), p. 20–1.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1889,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1889,"Script, by several hands, is a rapid cursive minuscule mainly of the North Italian type: i-longa is frequent; ligatures with suprascript a and fl with l subscript are frequent; one form of ri with the long downward stroke to the right is noteworthy; typical of North Italy is the st ligature; ti ligature is used indifferently for hard and soft ti. One hand seen on fol. 160v shows a curious mixture of North Italian and Merovingian cursive. Some contemporary notes in North Italian syllabic tachygraphy. Corrections partly contemporary, partly saec. IX–X. A Latin entry in uncial saec. VII was written on fol. 233 (palimpsest of Greek Gospels saec. VI) before the leaf was re-used for Isidore.
","Written in North Italy, to judge from its script, and in the same scriptorium as Vatic. Lat. 5763, a twin manuscript of Isidore’s Etymologiae given to Bobbio by Boniprandus (CLA 1.39). At Weissenburg at least by the fourteenth century, as is proved by the shelf-mark on fol. 1, found also in other Weissenburg manuscripts. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
","☛CLA date (VIII) changed to follow Scriptorium 60 (2006), p. 20–1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1889.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1889.jpg 1891,1491,"Half-Uncial and Uncial",VI,501,600,9,1387,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy with Isidore's Etymologiae.",0,,,"Ambrosiaster, Commentarii in Paulum Apostolum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67526",,"foll. 211 and 216 ",,,"Script is mostly half-uncial, but the entire fol. 211 is in uncial; in the half-uncial **G** is used regularly, **R** occasionally; **i**-longa occurs; in the uncial the bow of **A** is almost horizontal and hangs above the line; uncial **S** leans to the left.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1891,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1891,"Script is mostly half-uncial, but the entire fol. 211 is in uncial; in the half-uncial G is used regularly, R occasionally; i-longa occurs; in the uncial the bow of A is almost horizontal and hangs above the line; uncial S leans to the left.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy with Isidore's Etymologiae.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1891.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1891.jpg 1892,1492,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,9,1388,"Written presumably in North Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy with Isidore's Etymologiae.",2,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistula Pauli, Gothice et Latine (Vetus Latina, Rm 11.33–12.5, 12.17–13.5, 14.9–20, 15.3–13).",Parchment,"Codex Carolinus.",,"TM 67527",,"fol. 255v ",,,"The Latin script is an expert uncial of the old type: the bow of **A** is a low shallow oval; the hasta of **E** is high and the eye is open.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1892,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1892,"The Latin script is an expert uncial of the old type: the bow of A is a low shallow oval; the hasta of E is high and the eye is open.
","Written presumably in North Italy. Rewritten in the eighth century in North Italy with Isidore's Etymologiae.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1892.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1892.jpg 1893,1495,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1389,"Origin uncertain, probably Weissenburg. Weissenburg ex-libris saec. XV–XVI and saec. XVI are seen on fol. 1 and on the front fly-leaf. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67528",,"fol. 31v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is a not quite perfected Caroline minuscule: **a** has various forms, the half-uncial as well as the uncial, one form recalling Anglo-Saxon minuscule; a cursive form of **c** is found here and there; various ligatures at line-ends; the barred form of **z** occurs once at the beginning of a sentence.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1893,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1893,"Script, by several hands, is a not quite perfected Caroline minuscule: a has various forms, the half-uncial as well as the uncial, one form recalling Anglo-Saxon minuscule; a cursive form of c is found here and there; various ligatures at line-ends; the barred form of z occurs once at the beginning of a sentence.
","Origin uncertain, probably Weissenburg. Weissenburg ex-libris saec. XV–XVI and saec. XVI are seen on fol. 1 and on the front fly-leaf. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1893.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1893.jpg 1894,1496,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1390,"Written doubtless at Weissenburg, to judge by its affinity with Wolfenbüttel Weissenb. 81. The fifteenth-century Weissenburg exlibris is seen on fol. 1. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Origenes-Rufinus, Homiliae in Epistulam S Pauli ad Romanos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67529",,"foll. 119v and 154",,,"Script is an early, not always elegant Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: the half-uncial form of **a** occurs besides the two normal forms. Cursive is used for one or more lines at the end of foll. 33, 104v, 150 and for seven on fol. 154. The entry after the colophon is in a script recalling the Martyrology Weissenb. 81 (CLA [9.1393](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897)). A fragment of the Vita S Julianae is entered on fol. 1r–v, presumably by a Weissenburg scribe saec. IX. Probationes pennae saec. IX and a crude drawing in pen and ink on fol. 154 r–v.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1894,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1894,"Script is an early, not always elegant Caroline minuscule by more than one hand: the half-uncial form of a occurs besides the two normal forms. Cursive is used for one or more lines at the end of foll. 33, 104v, 150 and for seven on fol. 154. The entry after the colophon is in a script recalling the Martyrology Weissenb. 81 (CLA 9.1393). A fragment of the Vita S Julianae is entered on fol. 1r–v, presumably by a Weissenburg scribe saec. IX. Probationes pennae saec. IX and a crude drawing in pen and ink on fol. 154 r–v.
","Written doubtless at Weissenburg, to judge by its affinity with Wolfenbüttel Weissenb. 81. The fifteenth-century Weissenburg exlibris is seen on fol. 1. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1894.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1894.jpg 1895,1497,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,9,1391,"Written in a French centre, probably in Burgundy. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Iulianus Pomerius, De Vita Contemplativa.",Parchment,,,"TM 67530",,"foll. 53v and 96v ",,,"Script of the main part (foll. 1–96) is a bold, ungainly uncial of a late type, by more than one hand: **A** has a small, pendant bow; **LL** run together; ascenders are long. The uncial on foll. 96v–100v is compressed, rapid, leaning to the left, and interspersed with half-uncial elements: **a**, **d**, **g**, **s** occur in both half-uncial and uncial forms; ascenders and descenders are long; **LL** run together; the ligature **AE** occurs frequently even in mid-line. Corrections in Merovingian minuscule saec. VIII (e.g. foll. 32v, 43v, 84) and in Caroline minuscule saec. IX (e.g. fol. 5).","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. XVIII. ☛Wood 2017 dates to s. VI.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1895,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1895,"Script of the main part (foll. 1–96) is a bold, ungainly uncial of a late type, by more than one hand: A has a small, pendant bow; LL run together; ascenders are long. The uncial on foll. 96v–100v is compressed, rapid, leaning to the left, and interspersed with half-uncial elements: a, d, g, s occur in both half-uncial and uncial forms; ascenders and descenders are long; LL run together; the ligature AE occurs frequently even in mid-line. Corrections in Merovingian minuscule saec. VIII (e.g. foll. 32v, 43v, 84) and in Caroline minuscule saec. IX (e.g. fol. 5).
","Written in a French centre, probably in Burgundy. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. XVIII. ☛Wood 2017 dates to s. VI.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1895.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1895.jpg 1896,1498,Uncial,"VI in",501,525,9,1392,"Origin uncertain, presumably France. Used for re-writing in the late seventh or early eighth century in a French centre, probably in Burgundy. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg.",3,,,"Lectionarium Gallicanum (Vetus Latina).",Parchment,"Lectionarium Guelferbytanum.",,"TM 67531",,"fol. 100 ",,,"Script is uncial of an early, but not very expert type: **A** has a shallow bow hardly touching the line; the hasta of **E** is oblique and the eye often closed; the first stroke of **M** is curved but generally unjoined, the second bow has an angular form. Each page begins with a large letter, an ancient practice.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 29. ☛G. Berti, Il più antico lezionario della Chiesa, Ephemerides liturgicae 68 (1954), p. 147–54. ☛A. Dold, Das älteste Liturgiebuch der lateinischen Kirche (Texte und Arbeiten 26–28). ☛Gamber, CLLA 250.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1896,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1896,"Script is uncial of an early, but not very expert type: A has a shallow bow hardly touching the line; the hasta of E is oblique and the eye often closed; the first stroke of M is curved but generally unjoined, the second bow has an angular form. Each page begins with a large letter, an ancient practice.
","Origin uncertain, presumably France. Used for re-writing in the late seventh or early eighth century in a French centre, probably in Burgundy. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 29. ☛G. Berti, Il più antico lezionario della Chiesa, Ephemerides liturgicae 68 (1954), p. 147–54. ☛A. Dold, Das älteste Liturgiebuch der lateinischen Kirche (Texte und Arbeiten 26–28). ☛Gamber, CLLA 250.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1896.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1896.jpg 1897,1499,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII² (772)",772,800,9,1393,"Written in Southwest Germany, most likely at Weissenburg, where historical and necrological entries were made as early as the late eighth century. The date seems to be fixed by the paschal table (fol. 4) which begins with the year 772, not the first year of a cycle. The text of the Martyrology suggests an ancestor from St Wandrille. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Hieronymus, Martyrologium Hieronymianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67532",,"foll. 19v and 96v ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by two hands: **a** has two forms with open **a** predominating; uncial **G** here and there, likewise **R**; the **nt** ligature occurs even in the middle of a word; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Letter **A** in the uncial has the capital form, as in a hand of Weissenb. 24 (CLA [9.1384](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887)). Numerous additions in the martyrology in minuscule saec. VIII ex. and IX in. refer to Weissenburg.","☛Gamber, CLLA 1062.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1897,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by two hands: a has two forms with open a predominating; uncial G here and there, likewise R; the nt ligature occurs even in the middle of a word; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. Letter A in the uncial has the capital form, as in a hand of Weissenb. 24 (CLA 9.1384). Numerous additions in the martyrology in minuscule saec. VIII ex. and IX in. refer to Weissenburg.
","Written in Southwest Germany, most likely at Weissenburg, where historical and necrological entries were made as early as the late eighth century. The date seems to be fixed by the paschal table (fol. 4) which begins with the year 772, not the first year of a cycle. The text of the Martyrology suggests an ancestor from St Wandrille. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 1062.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1897.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1897.jpg 1898,1500,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,9,1394,"Written probably at Tours in the same scriptorium as The Hague, Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum MS 10 A I and Paris N. A. Lat. 1575, both of Tours provenance (CLA [5.682](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1071)); for other members of this group see Paris Lat. 1572 and 1820, Épinal 149 (68), and Cologne, Dombibliothek 98 (CLA [5.530](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/887) and [536](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/893); [6.762](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1170); [8.1157](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1628)); on the early Tours manuscripts in general see CLA 6, p. XXVII ff. Belonged to the monastery of Weissenburg: the entry 'Codex monasterii scor petri et pauli in wissenburg' (saec. XV) stands on the recto of the front fly-leaf. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Pompeius, Commentarium in Artem Donati; Cassiodorus, Opus Incertum; Mallius Theodorus, De Metris; Isidorus, Etymologiae (excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67533",,"foll. 145 and 208v",,,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the graceful type seen in a number of early Tours manuscripts enumerated below: open **a** predominates; **c** is rather tall; the tongue of **f** often crosses the shaft and curves downwards at the left end; **N** is frequently majuscule; suprascript cup-shaped **u** occurs here and there, also subscript **i**; the **nt** ligature occurs even in mid-word; **ti** ligature is used for both hard and soft ti. Numerous contemporary marginalia in Notae Tironianae. Some Greek biblical cantica in imitation uncial on foll. 216–218, with a Latin interlinear version in Notae Tironianae on foll. 216v and 217.","☛F. Romanini, Malli Theodori de metris, Collectanea Grammatica Latina 6, Hildesheim 2007, p. CXLIII–CLVI (Mallius Theodorus; foll. 205–216).",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1898,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1898,"Script, by several hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the graceful type seen in a number of early Tours manuscripts enumerated below: open a predominates; c is rather tall; the tongue of f often crosses the shaft and curves downwards at the left end; N is frequently majuscule; suprascript cup-shaped u occurs here and there, also subscript i; the nt ligature occurs even in mid-word; ti ligature is used for both hard and soft ti. Numerous contemporary marginalia in Notae Tironianae. Some Greek biblical cantica in imitation uncial on foll. 216–218, with a Latin interlinear version in Notae Tironianae on foll. 216v and 217.
","Written probably at Tours in the same scriptorium as The Hague, Museum Meermanno-Westreenianum MS 10 A I and Paris N. A. Lat. 1575, both of Tours provenance (CLA 5.682); for other members of this group see Paris Lat. 1572 and 1820, Épinal 149 (68), and Cologne, Dombibliothek 98 (CLA 5.530 and 536; 6.762; 8.1157); on the early Tours manuscripts in general see CLA 6, p. XXVII ff. Belonged to the monastery of Weissenburg: the entry 'Codex monasterii scor petri et pauli in wissenburg' (saec. XV) stands on the recto of the front fly-leaf. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
","☛F. Romanini, Malli Theodori de metris, Collectanea Grammatica Latina 6, Hildesheim 2007, p. CXLIII–CLVI (Mallius Theodorus; foll. 205–216).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1898.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1898.jpg 1899,1501,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1395,"Written probably in Burgundy in the same region as the Gundohinus manuscript of the year 754, chiefly by Agambertus, who is to be identified neither with his namesake of Tours nor with the scribe of Bern 118 and Valenciennes 59 of 806. Reached Wolfenbüttel with the Weissenburg manuscripts in 1690.",,,,"Lex Salica; Lex Romana Visigothorum; Pactus Childeberti I et Chlotharii I; Epitome Guelpherbytana.",Parchment,,,"TM 67534",,"foll. 13v and 51 ",,http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8452674f,"Script is a typical Merovingian minuscule by two different hands: the characteristic letter is **l** with its shaft breaking near the foot; **y** is v-shaped and dotted, and stands on the line; ligatures numerous; **ti** ligature is used for hard ti. The entry ‘ora pro agamberto' stands on fol. 87v.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1540.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1899,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1899,"Script is a typical Merovingian minuscule by two different hands: the characteristic letter is l with its shaft breaking near the foot; y is v-shaped and dotted, and stands on the line; ligatures numerous; ti ligature is used for hard ti. The entry ‘ora pro agamberto' stands on fol. 87v.
","Written probably in Burgundy in the same region as the Gundohinus manuscript of the year 754, chiefly by Agambertus, who is to be identified neither with his namesake of Tours nor with the scribe of Bern 118 and Valenciennes 59 of 806. Reached Wolfenbüttel with the Weissenburg manuscripts in 1690.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF1540.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1899.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1899.jpg 1900,1502,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,9,1396,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg: the fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.",,,,"Augustinus, Homiliae (215, 202, 114, 350); Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 1–2 Tim, Tit, Phlm); Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (187, 185, 36, 37, 31); Theodosius, De Situ Terrae Sanctae; Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Catholicae (Vulgata, Iac, 1 Pt, 2 Pt, 1 Io, 2 Io, 3 Io, Iud).",Parchment,,,"TM 67535",,"Entire of fol. 143 shown",,http://diglib.hab.de/wdb.php?dir=mss/99-weiss,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule by more than one scribe: sickle-shaped **u** is used frequently; **ti** ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Capital **O** is often lozenge-shaped.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 21, dates to the first third of the eighth century.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1900,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1900,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule by more than one scribe: sickle-shaped u is used frequently; ti ligature occurs for hard and soft ti. Capital O is often lozenge-shaped.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Belonged later to the monastery of Weissenburg: the fifteenth-century ex-libris stands on fol. 2. Came to Wolfenbüttel in 1690.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 21, dates to the first third of the eighth century.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1900.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1900.jpg 1901,1503,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1397,"Written doubtless in a Germanic centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, such as Fulda. The fragments were used by the wandering fifteenth-century bookbinder Adam of Erfurt for binding a paper manuscript of that period.",,,,"Fragmentum Argumenti Exegetici.",Parchment,,,"TM 67536",,"Image from the verso of the fragment in the front cover",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type frequently seen in Hessia and the Main region: **a** and **d** have two forms; descenders, including those of **r** and **ꞅ**, are strikingly long.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1901,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1901,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a type frequently seen in Hessia and the Main region: a and d have two forms; descenders, including those of r and ꞅ, are strikingly long.
","Written doubtless in a Germanic centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, such as Fulda. The fragments were used by the wandering fifteenth-century bookbinder Adam of Erfurt for binding a paper manuscript of that period.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1901.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1901.jpg 1902,1504,"Irish Majuscule verging on Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1398,"Written presumably in Ireland. Used for binding a fifteenth-century manuscript which belonged to the monastery of St Stephan at Würzburg: the entry ‘Iste liber pertinet ad monasterium sancti Stephani in Herbipoli' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1 of the main manuscript.",,,,"Beda, De Ratione Temporum (praefatio, capitula).",Parchment,,,"TM 67537",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is angular, compressed Irish majuscule verging on minuscule or minuscule with many majuscule adhesions, recalling to some extent the script of Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 20 (CLA [8.1118](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1585)): **a** has two forms; **d** and **ꞅ** are mostly minuscule, **n** regularly so, **R** regularly majuscule; in the ligatures **gi**, **ri**, **ti**, **xi** the **i** resembles a shallow **s**; other ligatures are **fi**, **tia**, **tio**. Contemporary glosses in small Irish minuscule.","☛Formerly Würzburg, Universität M. Ch. F. 206.",4,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1902,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1902,"Script is angular, compressed Irish majuscule verging on minuscule or minuscule with many majuscule adhesions, recalling to some extent the script of Karlsruhe Fragm. Aug. 20 (CLA 8.1118): a has two forms; d and ꞅ are mostly minuscule, n regularly so, R regularly majuscule; in the ligatures gi, ri, ti, xi the i resembles a shallow s; other ligatures are fi, tia, tio. Contemporary glosses in small Irish minuscule.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Used for binding a fifteenth-century manuscript which belonged to the monastery of St Stephan at Würzburg: the entry ‘Iste liber pertinet ad monasterium sancti Stephani in Herbipoli' (saec. XV) stands on fol. 1 of the main manuscript.
","☛Formerly Würzburg, Universität M. Ch. F. 206.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1902.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1902.jpg 1903,1505,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1399,"Written by the Irish scribe who wrote the Jena Charisius fragment (CLA [8.1227](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1706)). It has been conjectured that this text and other Irish manuscripts now at Würzburg were brought there by the Irish grammarian Clement, who after his activity at the Palace School (at least until 826) may have lived at Würzburg, since his death is recorded in a Würzburg martyrology.",,,,"Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67538",,"Image from the binding of M. p. j. f. 5",,,"Script is a well-penned pointed Irish minuscule by the scribe who wrote the Jena Charisius: **a** has two forms; the uprights of **f**, **p**, **ꞅ** and the shaft of **h** have a curious, characteristic break; the upper part of **d** is often looped; both branches of **y** curve to the right; **e** in ligature often has the lower bow reversed; numerous other ligatures; in **aꞇ**, **ꞇa**, **ꞇaꞇ**, the upper part forms one continuous horizontal.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1903,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1903,"Script is a well-penned pointed Irish minuscule by the scribe who wrote the Jena Charisius: a has two forms; the uprights of f, p, ꞅ and the shaft of h have a curious, characteristic break; the upper part of d is often looped; both branches of y curve to the right; e in ligature often has the lower bow reversed; numerous other ligatures; in aꞇ, ꞇa, ꞇaꞇ, the upper part forms one continuous horizontal.
","Written by the Irish scribe who wrote the Jena Charisius fragment (CLA 8.1227). It has been conjectured that this text and other Irish manuscripts now at Würzburg were brought there by the Irish grammarian Clement, who after his activity at the Palace School (at least until 826) may have lived at Würzburg, since his death is recorded in a Würzburg martyrology.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1903.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1903.jpg 1904,1506,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1400,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, most likely at Mainz, by Willibaldus diaconus. The subscription in Anglo-Saxon majuscule 'Uuillibaldus diaconus scripsit Amen' stands at the end of the work on fol. 65v. The manuscript was certainly at Mainz early in the ninth century, as is shown by the script of the additions. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the typical fifteenth-century shelf-mark 'CXXXIII' is seen on Oxford fol. 1, fly-leaf. The main manuscript was acquired by agents of Archbishop Laud, who presented the volume to the Bodleian in 1637.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (imperf.); Breviarius de Hierosolyma.",Parchment,,,"TM 67539",,"Image from Würzburg M. p. j. f. 7, fol. Av ",,,"Script is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and the form of **Ᵹ** with angular, protruding chest; **Ᵹ** in ligature with following **n** has no horizontal top-stroke; **z** plunges well below the line. Numerous corrections over erasure by an Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX (e.g. on fol. 25). Various notanda by several hands in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, some of the distinctly Mainz type, fill fol. 1v, the lower half of fol. 65v after the colophon, and foll. 66–81v. Some German names were entered saec. IX: 'Bobbo ruodolf' (fol. 25v), 'Heribertus' (fol. 79v), 'Liutker' (fol. 80v). For another fragment in the binding of M. p. j. f. 7 see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1903).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1904,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1904,"Script is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and the form of Ᵹ with angular, protruding chest; Ᵹ in ligature with following n has no horizontal top-stroke; z plunges well below the line. Numerous corrections over erasure by an Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX (e.g. on fol. 25). Various notanda by several hands in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, some of the distinctly Mainz type, fill fol. 1v, the lower half of fol. 65v after the colophon, and foll. 66–81v. Some German names were entered saec. IX: 'Bobbo ruodolf' (fol. 25v), 'Heribertus' (fol. 79v), 'Liutker' (fol. 80v). For another fragment in the binding of M. p. j. f. 7 see preceding item.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, most likely at Mainz, by Willibaldus diaconus. The subscription in Anglo-Saxon majuscule 'Uuillibaldus diaconus scripsit Amen' stands at the end of the work on fol. 65v. The manuscript was certainly at Mainz early in the ninth century, as is shown by the script of the additions. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the typical fifteenth-century shelf-mark 'CXXXIII' is seen on Oxford fol. 1, fly-leaf. The main manuscript was acquired by agents of Archbishop Laud, who presented the volume to the Bodleian in 1637.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1904.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1904.jpg 1905,1507,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1401,"Origin uncertain, presumably an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge from the use of parchment instead of vellum. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library. Used for binding manuscripts in the fifteenth century.",0,,,"Collectio Canonum Dionysiana (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67540",,"Image from the back fly-leaf of MS. M. p. th. f. 38",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, not of the more familiar German type but somewhat reminiscent of Northumbria: uncial **ꝺ** is regular in the text, minuscule **d** in the rubrics; **f** is short; **g** is 3-shaped; the bow of **p** turns up at the end; **ꞅ** goes below the line; **y** leans to the right.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1905,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1905,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, not of the more familiar German type but somewhat reminiscent of Northumbria: uncial ꝺ is regular in the text, minuscule d in the rubrics; f is short; g is 3-shaped; the bow of p turns up at the end; ꞅ goes below the line; y leans to the right.
","Origin uncertain, presumably an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge from the use of parchment instead of vellum. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library. Used for binding manuscripts in the fifteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1905.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1905.jpg 1906,1508,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1402,"Written doubtless in a German scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the ex-libris 'Liber sci kyliani' (saec. XII) and the shelf-mark 'CXII' are seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Institutiones Litterarum Saecularium; Computus Paschalis Anni 562; Iulius Severianus; etc.",Parchment,,,"TM 67541",,"fol. 8 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a German type: **a** has two forms; uncial **G** occurs here and there; the top of **ꞇ** often loops at the left; ligatures occur with subscript **i**; **ti** ligature is used for hard and soft ti. One of the scribes on fol. 18v manifestly tries to imitate Anglo-Saxon in the horned bows of **d** and **q**. The typically Insular form of capital **M**, consisting of three shafts barred horizontally, occurs here and there. A cryptographic colophon on fol. 40; the colophon of the Computus is followed by 'Gloria individuae trinitati' (fol. 31v). Corrections in Anglo-Saxon (fol. 13) and Caroline minuscule saec. IX. The name 'Sigimar' (saec. VIII–IX) is seen on fol. 8. Numerous verses saec. XI on fol. 1v. For strips in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX, used to strengthen the binding, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1905).",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1906,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1906,"Script, by several hands, is pre-Caroline minuscule of a German type: a has two forms; uncial G occurs here and there; the top of ꞇ often loops at the left; ligatures occur with subscript i; ti ligature is used for hard and soft ti. One of the scribes on fol. 18v manifestly tries to imitate Anglo-Saxon in the horned bows of d and q. The typically Insular form of capital M, consisting of three shafts barred horizontally, occurs here and there. A cryptographic colophon on fol. 40; the colophon of the Computus is followed by 'Gloria individuae trinitati' (fol. 31v). Corrections in Anglo-Saxon (fol. 13) and Caroline minuscule saec. IX. The name 'Sigimar' (saec. VIII–IX) is seen on fol. 8. Numerous verses saec. XI on fol. 1v. For strips in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX, used to strengthen the binding, see preceding item.
","Written doubtless in a German scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the ex-libris 'Liber sci kyliani' (saec. XII) and the shelf-mark 'CXII' are seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1906.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1906.jpg 1907,1509,"Irish Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1403,"Written in Ireland. It has been suggested that this and other Irish manuscripts were brought to Würzburg by Clemens Scottus, who probably died there after 826. The manuscript belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore numbers 'LV' and '50'.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 67542",,"fol. 25v ",,,"Script is an angular, somewhat broad Irish minuscule, slightly resembling one hand of the glosses in M. p. th. f. 61 (on fol. 19•r–v) (CLA [9.1415](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1923)): **a** has often a horn at the right; comma-shaped **i** is frequent; **S** here and there; **Ᵹ** in ligature with following **e** or **n** has no horizontal cross-stroke. Many Erse and Latin glosses by several contemporary Irish hands, with an elaborate system of reference marks.","☛S. Kavanagh & D. Wodtko, A Lexicon of the Old-Irish glosses (Vienna 2001).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1907,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1907,"Script is an angular, somewhat broad Irish minuscule, slightly resembling one hand of the glosses in M. p. th. f. 61 (on fol. 19•r–v) (CLA 9.1415): a has often a horn at the right; comma-shaped i is frequent; S here and there; Ᵹ in ligature with following e or n has no horizontal cross-stroke. Many Erse and Latin glosses by several contemporary Irish hands, with an elaborate system of reference marks.
","Written in Ireland. It has been suggested that this and other Irish manuscripts were brought to Würzburg by Clemens Scottus, who probably died there after 826. The manuscript belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore numbers 'LV' and '50'.
","☛S. Kavanagh & D. Wodtko, A Lexicon of the Old-Irish glosses (Vienna 2001).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1907.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1907.jpg 1908,1510,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1404,"Written in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, perhaps in the Würzburg region and in the same scriptorium which produced M. p. th. f. 78 (CLA [9.1425](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1936)). It bore the number 'CXX' (later '68') in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",,,,"Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (5–65, 68–73, 77–81).",Parchment,,,"TM 67543",,"foll. 10v and 26 ",,,"Script is by several hands, one writing a clumsy Anglo-Saxon majuscule probably identical with the main hand of M. p. th. f. 78 (CLA [9.1425](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1936)) (**d** and **n** are minuscule, **R** and **S** majuscule), another writing pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with the short horizontals of **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ** going up to the right, and still another writing ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling one of the hands of M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA [9.1405](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1911)). The name 'Guntza' {?) in a contemporary addition on fol. 57v.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45–6.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1908,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1908,"Script is by several hands, one writing a clumsy Anglo-Saxon majuscule probably identical with the main hand of M. p. th. f. 78 (CLA 9.1425) (d and n are minuscule, R and S majuscule), another writing pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with the short horizontals of Ᵹ and ꞇ going up to the right, and still another writing ungainly Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling one of the hands of M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA 9.1405). The name 'Guntza' {?) in a contemporary addition on fol. 57v.
","Written in a Continental centre under Anglo-Saxon influence, perhaps in the Würzburg region and in the same scriptorium which produced M. p. th. f. 78 (CLA 9.1425). It bore the number 'CXX' (later '68') in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 1 p. 45–6.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1908.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1908.jpg 1911,1511,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule and Mixed Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1405,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, probably in the Würzburg region. The manuscript comes from the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number 'CLXVII', later '23'.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes super Psalmos (119–34).",Parchment,,,"TM 67544",,"fol. 17 ",,,"Script is by several hands: the first writes a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, with **S** mostly majuscule and **r** regularly minuscule; some entire pages by this hand and final lines of most pages are more minuscule than majuscule; the other hands, of varying skill, write Anglo-Saxon minuscule of different types; one of these (foll. 33v ff.) may be compared with a hand seen in M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA [9.1404](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1908)). Four theological fragments in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX¹ pasted to the covers go with two other fragments in the binding of M. p. th. f. 58.",,3,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1911,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1911,"Script is by several hands: the first writes a compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, with S mostly majuscule and r regularly minuscule; some entire pages by this hand and final lines of most pages are more minuscule than majuscule; the other hands, of varying skill, write Anglo-Saxon minuscule of different types; one of these (foll. 33v ff.) may be compared with a hand seen in M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA 9.1404). Four theological fragments in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX¹ pasted to the covers go with two other fragments in the binding of M. p. th. f. 58.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, probably in the Würzburg region. The manuscript comes from the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number 'CLXVII', later '23'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1911.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1911.jpg 1913,1512,"Caroline and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1406,"Written presumably in a West German scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections, possibly at Lorsch or its vicinity, if we can trust the hint given by the omission-mark. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXXIIII' and '38'.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (1–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67545",,"foll. 13v and 84v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is mostly Anglo-Saxon minuscule, but foll. 1v (lower half) to 14v (line 4) are in early Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe; the Anglo-Saxon hands frequently show Continental influence, especially in opening words ot sections; the Greek letters **Δ** and **π**, also the Insular form of **M** consisting of three shafts barred horizontally, and square or lozenge-shaped **Ο** (fol. 61v) occur in majuscule headings; the Caroline minuscule is somewhat broad: the top-stroke of **h** occasionally bends to the left and ends in a curve to the right. Old High German glosses scratched in. The name 'Gerunc' (saec. X) occurs on fol. 67v. Scribbles and neumes by many hands on fol. 1, originally left blank, and in margins here and there.",,,,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1913,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1913,"Script, by several hands, is mostly Anglo-Saxon minuscule, but foll. 1v (lower half) to 14v (line 4) are in early Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe; the Anglo-Saxon hands frequently show Continental influence, especially in opening words ot sections; the Greek letters Δ and π, also the Insular form of M consisting of three shafts barred horizontally, and square or lozenge-shaped Ο (fol. 61v) occur in majuscule headings; the Caroline minuscule is somewhat broad: the top-stroke of h occasionally bends to the left and ends in a curve to the right. Old High German glosses scratched in. The name 'Gerunc' (saec. X) occurs on fol. 67v. Scribbles and neumes by many hands on fol. 1, originally left blank, and in margins here and there.
","Written presumably in a West German scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon connections, possibly at Lorsch or its vicinity, if we can trust the hint given by the omission-mark. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXXIIII' and '38'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1913.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1913.jpg 1915,1513,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1407,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, probably in Germany, but hardly at Würzburg, though the manuscript may have reached this centre by the ninth century if the probatio pennae may be taken as a guide. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; cf. the shelf-marks 'LVII' and '148'.",,,,"Origenes-Rufinus, Homiliae in Numeros (1–28).",Parchment,,,"TM 67546",,"fol. 71 ",,,"Script, by various hands, is partly a rather crude Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon minuscule unlike the types found in other Würzburg manuscripts; in the majuscule part **n** is regularly minuscule, **r** mostly minuscule; **y** has various forms, including the one with both branches curving to the right; **z** thrusts boldly below the line; in the minuscule part **g** resembles an elongated 3; the **ci** ligature is a closed oval with a tail. A charter hand saec. IX entered a letter address mentioning Cristianus on fol. 30; the familiar probatio pennae 'omnium ini[mi]corum' etc., saec. IX, found in other Würzburg manuscripts, is seen on fol. 90v.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1915,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1915,"Script, by various hands, is partly a rather crude Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, partly Anglo-Saxon minuscule unlike the types found in other Würzburg manuscripts; in the majuscule part n is regularly minuscule, r mostly minuscule; y has various forms, including the one with both branches curving to the right; z thrusts boldly below the line; in the minuscule part g resembles an elongated 3; the ci ligature is a closed oval with a tail. A charter hand saec. IX entered a letter address mentioning Cristianus on fol. 30; the familiar probatio pennae 'omnium ini[mi]corum' etc., saec. IX, found in other Würzburg manuscripts, is seen on fol. 90v.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium on the Continent, probably in Germany, but hardly at Würzburg, though the manuscript may have reached this centre by the ninth century if the probatio pennae may be taken as a guide. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; cf. the shelf-marks 'LVII' and '148'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1915.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1915.jpg 1916,1514,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1408,"Written in a German centre where Anglo-Saxon influence was still alive, presumably in Bavaria, to judge by the script, textual tradition, and the German glosses. The traditional connection with St Burghard (†ca. 754) dates from the eighteenth century and is palaeographically untenable. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library where it bore the numbers 'XXXIII' and '35'.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae; Iohannes Chrysostomus, Epistulae ad Europium Cubicularium.",Parchment,"Homiliarium S Burchardi.",,"TM 67547",,"fol. 69v ",,,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: **a** has two forms; **d** is often connected by a tag with following **l**, **o**, **s**, **u**; Insular **Ᵹ** occurs on fol. 92; the shoulder of **r** often sweeps boldly upwards; majuscule **S** is frequent; other majuscule letters are particularly numerous on fol. 29r–v. The name 'Godinos' or 'Godinus' (saec. VIII ex.) is seen on foll. 3 and 46; probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX on fol. 99v. Old High German glosses saec. IX by more than one hand, the oldest group being in Bavarian dialect.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1916,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1916,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule by several hands: a has two forms; d is often connected by a tag with following l, o, s, u; Insular Ᵹ occurs on fol. 92; the shoulder of r often sweeps boldly upwards; majuscule S is frequent; other majuscule letters are particularly numerous on fol. 29r–v. The name 'Godinos' or 'Godinus' (saec. VIII ex.) is seen on foll. 3 and 46; probationes pennae saec. VIII–IX on fol. 99v. Old High German glosses saec. IX by more than one hand, the oldest group being in Bavarian dialect.
","Written in a German centre where Anglo-Saxon influence was still alive, presumably in Bavaria, to judge by the script, textual tradition, and the German glosses. The traditional connection with St Burghard (†ca. 754) dates from the eighteenth century and is palaeographically untenable. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library where it bore the numbers 'XXXIII' and '35'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1916.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1916.jpg 1917,1515,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1409,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragment was used for binding a manuscript from the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67548",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is an expert, pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule; descenders go far below the line.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1917,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1917,"Script is an expert, pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule; descenders go far below the line.
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The fragment was used for binding a manuscript from the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1917.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1917.jpg 1918,1516,"Anglo-Saxon Compressed Majuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1410,"Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium as Gregory's Homilies on foll. 18–40 (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1919)), which practically agree in size and number of lines, and contain marginal notes by the same Anglo-Saxon corrector saec. VIII (see foll. 33 and 51).",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (84, 85, 90, 119).",Parchment,,,"TM 67549",,"foll. 11v and 43 ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is compressed, somewhat florid Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: majuscule **a** predominates; **d**, **n**, and **r** are mostly minuscule; both forms of **s** are common; **l** often goes below the following letter; **u** is often suprascript and cup-shaped; both branches of **y** curve to the right. The entry 'alleluia' on fol. 52v in Merovingian cursive seems to be by an Anglo-Saxon scribe.",,,,2,19,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1918,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1918,"Script, by more than one hand, is compressed, somewhat florid Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule: majuscule a predominates; d, n, and r are mostly minuscule; both forms of s are common; l often goes below the following letter; u is often suprascript and cup-shaped; both branches of y curve to the right. The entry 'alleluia' on fol. 52v in Merovingian cursive seems to be by an Anglo-Saxon scribe.
","Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium as Gregory's Homilies on foll. 18–40 (see next item), which practically agree in size and number of lines, and contain marginal notes by the same Anglo-Saxon corrector saec. VIII (see foll. 33 and 51).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1918.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1918.jpg 1919,1517,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1411,"Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium as Augustinus, In Psalmos on foll. 1–17 and 41–53 (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1918)), with which this part was bound at an early date. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the volume bore the numbers 'LXXXIIII' and '37'.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (1, 8–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 67550",,"fol. 28v ",,,"Script mainly by three hands: the first is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule with letters somewhat inclined to the right, down-strokes ending in a hair-line, and the **g** resembling an elongated shallow 3; the second is more calligraphic but stiff; the third (on foll. 28v and 29) is Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule with open **a** the rule and **e** having the reversed lower bow here and there in ligature; subscript **a** and **i** are frequent; other ligatures are **st** and **tio**; short horizontals go up to the right.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1919,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1919,"Script mainly by three hands: the first is a rapid Anglo-Saxon minuscule with letters somewhat inclined to the right, down-strokes ending in a hair-line, and the g resembling an elongated shallow 3; the second is more calligraphic but stiff; the third (on foll. 28v and 29) is Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule with open a the rule and e having the reversed lower bow here and there in ligature; subscript a and i are frequent; other ligatures are st and tio; short horizontals go up to the right.
","Written in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the same scriptorium as Augustinus, In Psalmos on foll. 1–17 and 41–53 (see preceding item), with which this part was bound at an early date. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the volume bore the numbers 'LXXXIIII' and '37'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1919.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1919.jpg 1920,1518,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1412,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, probably in the Würzburg region, and presumably in a nunnery if Abirhilt may be taken as one of the scribes. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers ‘CXXXIIII' and '64'.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67551",,"fol. 27v ",,,"Script, by several hands, presents a variety of Anglo-Saxon minuscule types: one hand has characteristic, long descenders; the female name 'abirhilt', entered in the upper margin of fol. 71v by the hand of the text, may be the scribe's. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX entered a note on the mystical jewels on fol. 73, and a contemporary Continental hand showing Insular influence added a list 'subscriptio episcoporum sanctorum'; this last hand also filled in part of the colophons and headings. Old High German glosses scratched in. Various probationes pennae saec. IX and X on the first and last pages, originally left blank.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1920,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1920,"Script, by several hands, presents a variety of Anglo-Saxon minuscule types: one hand has characteristic, long descenders; the female name 'abirhilt', entered in the upper margin of fol. 71v by the hand of the text, may be the scribe's. An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX entered a note on the mystical jewels on fol. 73, and a contemporary Continental hand showing Insular influence added a list 'subscriptio episcoporum sanctorum'; this last hand also filled in part of the colophons and headings. Old High German glosses scratched in. Various probationes pennae saec. IX and X on the first and last pages, originally left blank.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, probably in the Würzburg region, and presumably in a nunnery if Abirhilt may be taken as one of the scribes. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers ‘CXXXIIII' and '64'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1920.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1920.jpg 1921,1519,"Caroline Minuscule","IX in (800)",801,825,9,1413,"Written at Salzburg. Remained there at least till 976, the year of the last annalistic entry. Belonged later to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the number 'LXXXIII'.",1,47.8,13.0333,"Cycli Decennovennales; Annales Salisburgenses; Beda, De Ratione Temporum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67552",,"foll. 89 and 118v ",,,"Script of the main part, by two hands (foll. 1v–83v, 84–97v), is graceful Salzburg minuscule deriving from North-east French models; the script of foll. 98–144v is minuscule of a Southeast German type with many ligatures, including **nt** even in mid-word, and **ti** ligature for soft and hard ti (this scribe also wrote parts of Munich CLM 210, saec. IX in.). The date of the manuscript is fixed by the passage on fol. 89: 'in presenti uerbi gratia ꝺccc' (with the last **c** over an erasure of several other numerals). Additions by a Salzburg hand saec. IX¹ on fol. 149r–v. A chrismon is seen in the margin on foll. 121v, 122v, 124v. Numerous notes and additions by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe who is probably the teacher Baldo. The Annals were continued at Salzburg till 976. A tenth-century hand entered charms in some margins. A probatio pennae saec. X with neumes on fol. 7.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1921,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1921,"Script of the main part, by two hands (foll. 1v–83v, 84–97v), is graceful Salzburg minuscule deriving from North-east French models; the script of foll. 98–144v is minuscule of a Southeast German type with many ligatures, including nt even in mid-word, and ti ligature for soft and hard ti (this scribe also wrote parts of Munich CLM 210, saec. IX in.). The date of the manuscript is fixed by the passage on fol. 89: 'in presenti uerbi gratia ꝺccc' (with the last c over an erasure of several other numerals). Additions by a Salzburg hand saec. IX¹ on fol. 149r–v. A chrismon is seen in the margin on foll. 121v, 122v, 124v. Numerous notes and additions by a ninth-century Salzburg scribe who is probably the teacher Baldo. The Annals were continued at Salzburg till 976. A tenth-century hand entered charms in some margins. A probatio pennae saec. X with neumes on fol. 7.
","Written at Salzburg. Remained there at least till 976, the year of the last annalistic entry. Belonged later to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the number 'LXXXIII'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1921.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1921.jpg 1922,1520,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,9,1414,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent. The scribe's name, Erkanfrit, suggests that the centre was in Germany; but it is not excluded that the manuscript was written in Kent, especially as the biblical glosses sprang from the Canterbury school. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers XXXI and 123 .",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1–20), Homiliae in Ezechielem (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67553",,"fol. 37v ",,,"Script, by Erkanfrit, is a delicately-penned Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the script of Düsseldorf E. 32 (CLA [8.1188](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1663)); descenders go well below the line. The name 'Erkanfrit' is seen in runes at the end of the text (fol. 71). A monogram, probably 'VERA', on fol. 26v. A liturgical entry in minuscule saec. IX–X with neumes in the upper margin of foll. 44v f.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1922,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1922,"Script, by Erkanfrit, is a delicately-penned Anglo-Saxon minuscule recalling the script of Düsseldorf E. 32 (CLA 8.1188); descenders go well below the line. The name 'Erkanfrit' is seen in runes at the end of the text (fol. 71). A monogram, probably 'VERA', on fol. 26v. A liturgical entry in minuscule saec. IX–X with neumes in the upper margin of foll. 44v f.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably on the Continent. The scribe's name, Erkanfrit, suggests that the centre was in Germany; but it is not excluded that the manuscript was written in Kent, especially as the biblical glosses sprang from the Canterbury school. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers XXXI and 123 .
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1922.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1922.jpg 1923,1521,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1415,"Written in Ireland and partly glossed there in the centre where the Würzburg St Paul originated (CLA [9.1403](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1907)). Other Irish glosses were probably written on the Continent. It has been suggested that this and other Irish manuscripts were brought to Würzburg by Clemens Scottus, who apparently died there after 826. Was No. 'LXXXVIII', later '140', in the Cathedral Library.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt).",Parchment,,,"TM 67554",,"fol. 1v ",,,"Script is Irish majuscule of a late type: **d** and **n** are mostly minuscule, **R** and **S** mostly majuscule; **m** consisting of three bows placed sideways occurs on fol. 27v at line-end; **st** occur in ligature. Many glosses, including some Irish words on fol. 28*, by four Irish hands saec. VIII–IX and IX on the inserted slips and between the lines of the text; one of these hands, which writes all of fol. 19•r–v in a narrow and angular script and is probably the oldest of the four, has some resemblance to the text script of the Irish St Paul, M. p. th. f. 12 (CLA [9.1403](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1907)).","☛McGurk, Gospel Books No. 79. ☛M. Cahill, Peritia 16 (2002) 1–25. ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. XIX.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1923,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1923,"Script is Irish majuscule of a late type: d and n are mostly minuscule, R and S mostly majuscule; m consisting of three bows placed sideways occurs on fol. 27v at line-end; st occur in ligature. Many glosses, including some Irish words on fol. 28*, by four Irish hands saec. VIII–IX and IX on the inserted slips and between the lines of the text; one of these hands, which writes all of fol. 19•r–v in a narrow and angular script and is probably the oldest of the four, has some resemblance to the text script of the Irish St Paul, M. p. th. f. 12 (CLA 9.1403).
","Written in Ireland and partly glossed there in the centre where the Würzburg St Paul originated (CLA 9.1403). Other Irish glosses were probably written on the Continent. It has been suggested that this and other Irish manuscripts were brought to Würzburg by Clemens Scottus, who apparently died there after 826. Was No. 'LXXXVIII', later '140', in the Cathedral Library.
","☛McGurk, Gospel Books No. 79. ☛M. Cahill, Peritia 16 (2002) 1–25. ☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. XIX.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1923.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1923.jpg 1924,1522,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,9,1416,"Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten by a ninth-century Irish hand and inserted in a manuscript of Matthew which later belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library. For later history see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1923).",,,,"Sacramentarium Gallicanum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67555",,"fol. 24*v",,,"Script is an Irish majuscule, with **d** and **n** mostly minuscule, **R** and **S** mostly majuscule.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 30.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1924,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1924,"Script is an Irish majuscule, with d and n mostly minuscule, R and S mostly majuscule.
","Written probably in Ireland. Rewritten by a ninth-century Irish hand and inserted in a manuscript of Matthew which later belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library. For later history see preceding item.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 53 no. 30.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1924.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1924.jpg 1925,1523,"Insular Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,9,1417,"Written by a scribe trained in the pure Insular tradition, to judge by the script and decoration, possibly while on a visit to Rome to judge by the contents. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'XIC' and '36'.",,,,"Capitulare Lectionum Wirceburgense.",Parchment,,,"TM 67556",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a slender, somewhat angular, rapid Insular minuscule: **c** is often tall and closed; **g** in ligature with following **i** or **n** resembles an elongated **s**; numerous other ligatures.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1925,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1925,"Script is a slender, somewhat angular, rapid Insular minuscule: c is often tall and closed; g in ligature with following i or n resembles an elongated s; numerous other ligatures.
","Written by a scribe trained in the pure Insular tradition, to judge by the script and decoration, possibly while on a visit to Rome to judge by the contents. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'XIC' and '36'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1925.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1925.jpg 1927,1524,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule and Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1418,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CLXX' and '71'.",,,,"Augustinus, Super Psalmos Graduum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67557",,"fol. 25 ",,,"Script is chiefly Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands of different skill and writing different types, some having unusually long descenders; some passages are in compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule (fol. 41r–v). One of the scribes gives his name: Gundheri (fol. 94v); the entry 'Nandolf scripsit' on fol. 72v is a probatio pennae.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1927,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1927,"Script is chiefly Anglo-Saxon minuscule by several hands of different skill and writing different types, some having unusually long descenders; some passages are in compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule (fol. 41r–v). One of the scribes gives his name: Gundheri (fol. 94v); the entry 'Nandolf scripsit' on fol. 72v is a probatio pennae.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CLXX' and '71'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1927.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1927.jpg 1928,1525,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,9,1419,"Written doubtless at Luxeuil, where a number of palimpsests were rewritten ca. 700 (CLA [9.1376](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1879); CLA [4.497](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/845); and the Pliny in St Paul in Carinthia). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library probably by the eighth century (as is suggested by the Insular correction on p. 280), where it bore the number '147'.",,,,"Augustinus, Enarrationes in Psalmos (1–32).",Parchment,,,"TM 67558",,"p. 62 ",,,"Script is pure Luxeuil minuscule. In the display capitals of the colophon the **O** is lozenge-shaped; in the uncial the second upright of **N** is distinctly comma-shaped. An interlinear correction on p. 280 is in cursive Insular minuscule saec. VIII. Probationes pennae in minuscule saec. VIII ex. show Insular influence (p. 1 and 316).","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 24, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: Several scribes, one close to CLA [2.163](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478).",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1928,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1928,"Script is pure Luxeuil minuscule. In the display capitals of the colophon the O is lozenge-shaped; in the uncial the second upright of N is distinctly comma-shaped. An interlinear correction on p. 280 is in cursive Insular minuscule saec. VIII. Probationes pennae in minuscule saec. VIII ex. show Insular influence (p. 1 and 316).
","Written doubtless at Luxeuil, where a number of palimpsests were rewritten ca. 700 (CLA 9.1376; CLA 4.497; and the Pliny in St Paul in Carinthia). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library probably by the eighth century (as is suggested by the Insular correction on p. 280), where it bore the number '147'.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 24, dates to VIII in. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: Several scribes, one close to CLA 2.163.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1928.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1928.jpg 1929,1526,Uncial,V,401,500,9,1420,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script and spelling. Used for rewriting with Augustine's commentary on the Psalms at Luxeuil about 700. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores & Prophetae minores (Vetus Latina, Os, Ion, Is, Ier, Ez, Dn).",Parchment,,,"TM 67559",,"p. 280 ",,,"Script is a bold, beautiful uncial of the earliest type, recalling the script of the Paris Livy (CLA [5.562](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/922)): the bow of **A** is pointed, the eye of **E** is open and the hasta is high; the tail of **G** is short. A contemporary corrector writing an easy half-uncial signed after the colophon to Ezechiel : 'c . . el . . . . (partly illegible) lector emendaui' (p. 211/210); the same hand is seen on p. 46 in a correction.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1929,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1929,"Script is a bold, beautiful uncial of the earliest type, recalling the script of the Paris Livy (CLA 5.562): the bow of A is pointed, the eye of E is open and the hasta is high; the tail of G is short. A contemporary corrector writing an easy half-uncial signed after the colophon to Ezechiel : 'c . . el . . . . (partly illegible) lector emendaui' (p. 211/210); the same hand is seen on p. 46 in a correction.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script and spelling. Used for rewriting with Augustine's commentary on the Psalms at Luxeuil about 700. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1929.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1929.jpg 1930,1527,Uncial,V,401,500,9,1421,"Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting with Augustine's commentary on the Psalms at Luxeuil about 700. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vetus Latina, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm).",Parchment,,,"TM 67560",,"pp. 272-273 ",,,"Script is expert uncial of the old type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high; the tail of **G** is rather long; letter **l**, the first upright of **N**, and the stems of **P** and **R** frequently go well below the line and end in a little curve to the left.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1930,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1930,"Script is expert uncial of the old type: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high; the tail of G is rather long; letter l, the first upright of N, and the stems of P and R frequently go well below the line and end in a little curve to the left.
","Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting with Augustine's commentary on the Psalms at Luxeuil about 700. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1930.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1930.jpg 1931,1528,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,9,1422,"Written in a backward scriptorium under Insular influence on the Continent; ornamentation and possibly also syllabification may suggest Britanny. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number 'CCXXXI'; later number '6' in the treasure of the Cathedral.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io 1.1–18.35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67561",,"fol. 107v ",,,"Script is a curious artificial uncial: the form of **G** is noteworthy; **b**, **d**, and some other letters here and there have the minuscule form at line-ends. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX or IX (fol. 17r–v, etc.). Aldhelm’s poem 'Metrica tirones' etc. in Continental (probably Alemannic) minuscule saec. VIII–IX; the front cover of the manuscript contains two Carolingian ivories of Alemannic type. Numerous Old High German glosses written with red chalk. The manuscript has neither canon tables nor the Eusebian sections in the margins; the Gospels of Mark and John begin with 'Sequentia sancti evangelii secundum . . .' instead of a title.","☛Houghton, 'A Newly Identified Old Latin Gospel Manuscript', JTS 2009 (60) 1.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1931,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1931,"Script is a curious artificial uncial: the form of G is noteworthy; b, d, and some other letters here and there have the minuscule form at line-ends. Corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX or IX (fol. 17r–v, etc.). Aldhelm’s poem 'Metrica tirones' etc. in Continental (probably Alemannic) minuscule saec. VIII–IX; the front cover of the manuscript contains two Carolingian ivories of Alemannic type. Numerous Old High German glosses written with red chalk. The manuscript has neither canon tables nor the Eusebian sections in the margins; the Gospels of Mark and John begin with 'Sequentia sancti evangelii secundum . . .' instead of a title.
","Written in a backward scriptorium under Insular influence on the Continent; ornamentation and possibly also syllabification may suggest Britanny. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number 'CCXXXI'; later number '6' in the treasure of the Cathedral.
","☛Houghton, 'A Newly Identified Old Latin Gospel Manuscript', JTS 2009 (60) 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1931.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1931.jpg 1932,1529,Uncial,VI,501,600,9,1423a,"Written doubtless in Italy. Probably reached Northumbria by the late seventh century, to judge from the added prefatory matter, the restored bifolium, and the liturgical entries, all in Northumbrian uncial. Brought back to the Continent, presumably by Anglo-Saxon missionaries in the first half of the eighth century, to judge from the canon tables (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1933)). The connection with the Anglo-Saxon Burghard, first bishop of Würzburg (742–753), suggested by Oegg, is palaeographically possible. Was number 'CCXXIX' in the Würzburg Cathedral Library and later number '5' in the treasure.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment," Burchard Gospels. Evangelia S Burchardi.",,"TM 67562",,"fol. 90v ",,,"Script is excellent Italian uncial, apparently by more than one hand: the bow of **A** is either drop-like or blade-like, the latter recalling the form in Milan Ambros. D. 84 inf. and E. 20 inf. (CLA [3.332](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/668) and [335](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/671)); the eye of **E** is often open; the ligature **OR** occurs. Noteworthy is the tiny monogram to mark the parallel passages in John (**i** with superposed **o**), also found in the restored folios (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1933)) and in Codex X (CLA [2.126](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/439)). The last scribe ends with the familiar subscription, in small Rustic capitals: 'Sicut navigantibus proximus est portus, sic et scriptori novissimus versus' etc., followed by 'ORA PRO ME' arranged in the form of a cross (fol. 170v). Contemporary corrections in uncial or in Rustic capitals; later corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII². The beginning of a liturgical lesson is marked in the margin either by the original scribe with a cross in red, or by a Northumbrian hand (saec. VII ex.) with a cross formed of four or five points as in other Northumbrian manuscripts (see CLA [2.150](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/465)); this hand also indicated in Northumbrian uncial in the upper margin the day for the lesson. The volume has a precious binding with ivory and silver.","☛Gneuss no. 945. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 80. ☛Gamber, CLLA 407.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1932,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1932,"Script is excellent Italian uncial, apparently by more than one hand: the bow of A is either drop-like or blade-like, the latter recalling the form in Milan Ambros. D. 84 inf. and E. 20 inf. (CLA 3.332 and 335); the eye of E is often open; the ligature OR occurs. Noteworthy is the tiny monogram to mark the parallel passages in John (i with superposed o), also found in the restored folios (see next item) and in Codex X (CLA 2.126). The last scribe ends with the familiar subscription, in small Rustic capitals: 'Sicut navigantibus proximus est portus, sic et scriptori novissimus versus' etc., followed by 'ORA PRO ME' arranged in the form of a cross (fol. 170v). Contemporary corrections in uncial or in Rustic capitals; later corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII². The beginning of a liturgical lesson is marked in the margin either by the original scribe with a cross in red, or by a Northumbrian hand (saec. VII ex.) with a cross formed of four or five points as in other Northumbrian manuscripts (see CLA 2.150); this hand also indicated in Northumbrian uncial in the upper margin the day for the lesson. The volume has a precious binding with ivory and silver.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Probably reached Northumbria by the late seventh century, to judge from the added prefatory matter, the restored bifolium, and the liturgical entries, all in Northumbrian uncial. Brought back to the Continent, presumably by Anglo-Saxon missionaries in the first half of the eighth century, to judge from the canon tables (see next item). The connection with the Anglo-Saxon Burghard, first bishop of Würzburg (742–753), suggested by Oegg, is palaeographically possible. Was number 'CCXXIX' in the Würzburg Cathedral Library and later number '5' in the treasure.
","☛Gneuss no. 945. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 80. ☛Gamber, CLLA 407.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1932.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1932.jpg 1933,1530,"Uncial and Rustic Capital","VII ex–VIII¹",676,750,9,1423b,"Written as additions to a sixth-century Gospel Book from Italy: the prologues and restoration leaves were added in an Anglo-Saxon centre, with Northumbrian traditions, to judge from the script, towards the end of the seventh century; the canon tables were apparently written by an Anglo-Saxon, to judge from the quality of the Rustic Capitals, but their decoration is distinctly Frankish. For later history, see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1932).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io). ",Parchment,"Burchard Gospels. Evangelia S Burchardi.",,"TM 67563",,"foll. 96v and 7v ",,,"Script of numerals is uncial, that of headings and colophons (Finit) is Rustic capital.","☛Gneuss no. 945. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 80. ☛Gamber, CLLA 407.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1933,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1933,"Script of numerals is uncial, that of headings and colophons (Finit) is Rustic capital.
","Written as additions to a sixth-century Gospel Book from Italy: the prologues and restoration leaves were added in an Anglo-Saxon centre, with Northumbrian traditions, to judge from the script, towards the end of the seventh century; the canon tables were apparently written by an Anglo-Saxon, to judge from the quality of the Rustic Capitals, but their decoration is distinctly Frankish. For later history, see preceding item.
","☛Gneuss no. 945. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 80. ☛Gamber, CLLA 407.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1933.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1933.jpg 1935,1531,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1424,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, to judge from the script, and presumably, though not certainly, in the Würzburg region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CL' and '33'.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Rm, 1 Cor, 2 Cor, Gal, Eph, Phil, Col, 1 Th, 2 Th, 1 Tim, 2 Tim, Tit, Phlm, Hbr).",Parchment,,,"TM 67564",,"fol. 7v ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a German type with characteristic long descenders and **Ᵹ** with a pointed protruding chest; another form of **g** resembles an elongated 3, and **g** in ligature with following **n** resembles an elongated s; final **m** often has the third shaft curved and going below the line; in the **ci** ligature **c** is closed; numerous ligatures used. Misplaced familiarity with Greek is seen in **ꝺH** for **de** and in **ΧΠS** and **ΧΠΙ** for **XPS** and **XPI** (foll. 7 and 1). Corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule. The probatio pennae 'omniu inimicorum suorū domabitur'(!) in Caroline minuscule is seen on fol. 16v.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1935,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1935,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a German type with characteristic long descenders and Ᵹ with a pointed protruding chest; another form of g resembles an elongated 3, and g in ligature with following n resembles an elongated s; final m often has the third shaft curved and going below the line; in the ci ligature c is closed; numerous ligatures used. Misplaced familiarity with Greek is seen in ꝺH for de and in ΧΠS and ΧΠΙ for XPS and XPI (foll. 7 and 1). Corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule. The probatio pennae 'omniu inimicorum suorū domabitur'(!) in Caroline minuscule is seen on fol. 16v.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, to judge from the script, and presumably, though not certainly, in the Würzburg region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CL' and '33'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1935.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1935.jpg 1936,1532,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1425,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps in the Würzburg region, and in the same scriptorium which produced M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA [9.1404](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1908)). Was number 'XIIII', later '61', in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",,,,"Passiones Apostolorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67565",,"fol. 20v ",,,"Script of the main part is an awkward and debased Anglo-Saxon majuscule recalling one of the hands of M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA [9.1404](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1908)): **d** is mostly minuscule, **n** regularly so; **r** has both majuscule and minuscule forms; **s** is mostly majuscule; uncial **G** occurs once; **z** resembles **y**; short horizontals curve up. Anglo-Saxon minuscule is seen on foll. 34–35v: **a** is frequent; **Ᵹ** resembles a cork-screw; the elongated fancy majuscules of the opening lines of fol. 35v are to be compared with the title of M. p. th. q. 18 (CLA [9.1432](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1946)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1936,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1936,"Script of the main part is an awkward and debased Anglo-Saxon majuscule recalling one of the hands of M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA 9.1404): d is mostly minuscule, n regularly so; r has both majuscule and minuscule forms; s is mostly majuscule; uncial G occurs once; z resembles y; short horizontals curve up. Anglo-Saxon minuscule is seen on foll. 34–35v: a is frequent; Ᵹ resembles a cork-screw; the elongated fancy majuscules of the opening lines of fol. 35v are to be compared with the title of M. p. th. q. 18 (CLA 9.1432).
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps in the Würzburg region, and in the same scriptorium which produced M. p. th. f. 13 (CLA 9.1404). Was number 'XIIII', later '61', in the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1936.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1936.jpg 1937,1533,"Uncial and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,751,800,9,1426,"Written in England, probably in the South or in Mercia. Was in Germany at latest by the ninth century, to judge by the glosses. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the entry 'LIBER SCI KYLIANI', saec. XII–XIII, stands on fol. 1. Was later no. 'CVII' and '59' in that library.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma.",Parchment,,,"TM 67566",,"fol. 8v ",,,"Script of foll. 1–8v is English uncial derived apparently from French models: **B** with the square, open upper bow resembles the same Russian letter; **G** has a decidedly straight tail; many letters have forked finials; **LL** run together; bold Insular majuscule is seen in lines 1–2 of fol. 2. Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule admixture, by several hands, is seen on foll. 8v ff.: **p** and **q** occur in fancy forms even in mid-word. Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule occurs in the final lines of fol. 24, with **e** in ligature having the lower bow reversed. Corrections in uncial or in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Scribbles in Anglo-Saxon cursive in the margin of foll. 11 and 12v. Numerous Old English (Kentish) and Old High German glosses scratched in.","☛Gneuss, Handlist 994. ☛Sims-Williams, Medium Aevum 48 (1979), p. 9 argues for Worchester provenance.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1937,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1937,"Script of foll. 1–8v is English uncial derived apparently from French models: B with the square, open upper bow resembles the same Russian letter; G has a decidedly straight tail; many letters have forked finials; LL run together; bold Insular majuscule is seen in lines 1–2 of fol. 2. Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule admixture, by several hands, is seen on foll. 8v ff.: p and q occur in fancy forms even in mid-word. Anglo-Saxon cursive minuscule occurs in the final lines of fol. 24, with e in ligature having the lower bow reversed. Corrections in uncial or in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Scribbles in Anglo-Saxon cursive in the margin of foll. 11 and 12v. Numerous Old English (Kentish) and Old High German glosses scratched in.
","Written in England, probably in the South or in Mercia. Was in Germany at latest by the ninth century, to judge by the glosses. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the entry 'LIBER SCI KYLIANI', saec. XII–XIII, stands on fol. 1. Was later no. 'CVII' and '59' in that library.
","☛Gneuss, Handlist 994. ☛Sims-Williams, Medium Aevum 48 (1979), p. 9 argues for Worchester provenance.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1937.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1937.jpg 1940,1534,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1427,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment, and probably by a scribe trained in the Northumbrian tradition; textually there is some affinity with the oldest Freising copies of the Moralia in CLM 6382 and 6297 (CLA [9.1278](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1769) and [1263](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1751)). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the entry 'Liber sci Kyliani', saec. XII–XIII, is seen on fol. 1v. It bore the number 'XII', later '78'.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (32–35).",Parchment,,,"TM 67567",,"fol. 46 ",,http://vb.uni-wuerzburg.de/ub/permalink/mpthf149a,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is open, likewise the bow of **d**; both branches of **y** lean to the right. The uncial used in the lemmata on foll. 45v and 46 recalls somewhat the type seen in the capitula in Northumbrian manuscripts (CLA [2.260](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579); [3.299](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631)). The fence-shaped Insular **M** is seen in the opening line on fol. 32v. The Greek letter **Ψ** is used here and there in 'psalmista’ and similar words. Some corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1940,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1940,"Script is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is open, likewise the bow of d; both branches of y lean to the right. The uncial used in the lemmata on foll. 45v and 46 recalls somewhat the type seen in the capitula in Northumbrian manuscripts (CLA 2.260; 3.299). The fence-shaped Insular M is seen in the opening line on fol. 32v. The Greek letter Ψ is used here and there in 'psalmista’ and similar words. Some corrections in ninth-century Caroline minuscule.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, to judge by the use of parchment, and probably by a scribe trained in the Northumbrian tradition; textually there is some affinity with the oldest Freising copies of the Moralia in CLM 6382 and 6297 (CLA 9.1278 and 1263). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the entry 'Liber sci Kyliani', saec. XII–XIII, is seen on fol. 1v. It bore the number 'XII', later '78'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1940.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1940.jpg 1941,1535,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1428,"Written probably in Burgundy, to judge by the palaeographical features of the manuscript. Provenance the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number '92'.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (32–35, excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67568",,"foll. 16 and 27 ",,http://vb.uni-wuerzburg.de/ub/permalink/mpthf150,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, by several hands: some scribes use either **a** or open **a** only, others use both forms; two forms of uncial **G** occur besides the minuscule on foll. 24 ff.; **i**-longa is used even in mid-word by one hand; the low-looped **ꞇ** is used by one hand; the **ti** ligature occurs for hard ti; the transected form of capital **Q** recalls that found in Luxeuil manuscripts (cf. CLA [5.548](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/908)). An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. IX entered a lesson on fol. 59v. The manuscript still has its very old pigskin cover with the title on the back: 'EXPOSITIO SUPER IOB' (saec. X or XI).","☛Thurn, Die Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg 3.1 p. 76–77.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1941,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1941,"Script is pre-Caroline minuscule, by several hands: some scribes use either a or open a only, others use both forms; two forms of uncial G occur besides the minuscule on foll. 24 ff.; i-longa is used even in mid-word by one hand; the low-looped ꞇ is used by one hand; the ti ligature occurs for hard ti; the transected form of capital Q recalls that found in Luxeuil manuscripts (cf. CLA 5.548). An Anglo-Saxon hand saec. IX entered a lesson on fol. 59v. The manuscript still has its very old pigskin cover with the title on the back: 'EXPOSITIO SUPER IOB' (saec. X or XI).
","Written probably in Burgundy, to judge by the palaeographical features of the manuscript. Provenance the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the number '92'.
","☛Thurn, Die Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg 3.1 p. 76–77.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1941.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1941.jpg 1942,1536,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,9,1429,"Written apparently in France, and probably in the North, to judge from the early marginal insertions. By the late eighth century it was in a scriptorium where Anglo-Saxon scribes were active. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral certainly towards the end of the eleventh century, when it received its present ivory cover with the representation of St Kilian's martyrdom; was at that time apparently believed to be the very book which according to the legendary Passion of the saint was found with his relics in 752.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc 1–19, Io 1–20.23).",Parchment,"St Kilian Gospels. Evangelia S Kiliani.",,"TM 67569",,"p. 138 ",,,"Script is a rather small, neat, not very expert uncial: the eye of **E** is mostly closed and the tongue rises to the right; the first stroke of **M** is mostly unattached; open **a** occurs in mid-word (p. 23); **Z** has the tall form. Liturgical lection-notes in uncial, cursive, Merovingian minuscule and Notae Tironianae (saec. VIII). Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII is used here and there to restore the original text. An Anglo-Saxon alphabet is seen scratched in in the upper margin of p. 219.","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 78.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1942,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1942,"Script is a rather small, neat, not very expert uncial: the eye of E is mostly closed and the tongue rises to the right; the first stroke of M is mostly unattached; open a occurs in mid-word (p. 23); Z has the tall form. Liturgical lection-notes in uncial, cursive, Merovingian minuscule and Notae Tironianae (saec. VIII). Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII is used here and there to restore the original text. An Anglo-Saxon alphabet is seen scratched in in the upper margin of p. 219.
","Written apparently in France, and probably in the North, to judge from the early marginal insertions. By the late eighth century it was in a scriptorium where Anglo-Saxon scribes were active. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral certainly towards the end of the eleventh century, when it received its present ivory cover with the representation of St Kilian's martyrdom; was at that time apparently believed to be the very book which according to the legendary Passion of the saint was found with his relics in 752.
","☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 78.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1942.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1942.jpg 1943,1537,Uncial,V,401,500,9,1430a,"Written in Italy. Came to England, probably in the seventh century, where some missing leaves were restored (see [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1944)). The oldest English ex-libris 'Cuthsuuithae boec thaerae abbatissan' in old Anglo-Saxon majuscule stands on fol. 1; the only abbess known by this name was in charge of a nunnery in or near Worcester about the year 700. Reached Würzburg perhaps by the eighth century. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'C' and '47'.",3,,,"Hieronymus, In Ecclesiasten.",Parchment,,,"TM 67570",,"foll. 12v and 1 ",,,"Script is a beautiful bold uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high; the tail of **G** is curved and rather short; **M** and **N** are broad. A group of pre-Caroline Notae Tironianae is seen in the margin of fol. 52. The familiar probatio pennae ‘omnium inimicorum suorum' appears on fol. 113v in uncial saec. VIII and twice on the front fly-leaf. For strips in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX, used to strengthen the binding, see CLA [9.1401](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1905).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1943,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1943,"Script is a beautiful bold uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high; the tail of G is curved and rather short; M and N are broad. A group of pre-Caroline Notae Tironianae is seen in the margin of fol. 52. The familiar probatio pennae ‘omnium inimicorum suorum' appears on fol. 113v in uncial saec. VIII and twice on the front fly-leaf. For strips in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. VIII–IX, used to strengthen the binding, see CLA 9.1401.
","Written in Italy. Came to England, probably in the seventh century, where some missing leaves were restored (see next item). The oldest English ex-libris 'Cuthsuuithae boec thaerae abbatissan' in old Anglo-Saxon majuscule stands on fol. 1; the only abbess known by this name was in charge of a nunnery in or near Worcester about the year 700. Reached Würzburg perhaps by the eighth century. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'C' and '47'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1943.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1943.jpg 1944,1538,Uncial,VII,601,700,9,1430b,"Written to complete a fifth-century Italian manuscript of Hieronymus in Ecclesiasten, presumably by an Anglo-Saxon scribe following carefully a good Italian model. About the year 700 the manuscript belonged to an abbess Cuthsuuitha, presumably of the nunnery at or near Worcester (see [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1943)).",,,,"Hieronymus, In Ecclesiasten.",Parchment,,,"TM 67571",,"fol. 63 ",,,"Script is a very correct, but distinctly imitative uncial; the forms of letters are not quite even; **G** has two forms, one with a shaded and one with a thin curved tail; short horizontals and upper curves often have forked finials; the forms of **A**, **ꝺ**, and **X**, taken together, point rather to England than to any other country.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1944,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1944,"Script is a very correct, but distinctly imitative uncial; the forms of letters are not quite even; G has two forms, one with a shaded and one with a thin curved tail; short horizontals and upper curves often have forked finials; the forms of A, ꝺ, and X, taken together, point rather to England than to any other country.
","Written to complete a fifth-century Italian manuscript of Hieronymus in Ecclesiasten, presumably by an Anglo-Saxon scribe following carefully a good Italian model. About the year 700 the manuscript belonged to an abbess Cuthsuuitha, presumably of the nunnery at or near Worcester (see preceding item).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1944.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1944.jpg 1945,1539,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,9,1431,"Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script, and perhaps for some pious and noble lady; the colophon on fol. 74v reads: 'Lege felix Amantia (the name erased) cum tuis in xpo ihu dno nost'. By the eighth century our manuscript must have reached a centre where Anglo-Saxon script was known. Belonged later to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the shelf-marks 'CXXCII’ and '113' are seen on fol. 1.",3,,,"Priscillianus, Tractatus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67572",,"Image from the opening, foll. 40v-41",,,"Script is graceful, expert uncial of an old type: the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is high; the tail of **G** is very short; **P** and **q** have short descenders. Probationes pennae: biblical excerpts in crude Italian cursive minuscule saec. VIII and the name 'bilihilt' followed by the letters 'a b c d a' in Insular majuscule saec. VIII (fol. A). A puzzling uncial entry 'pro elimosina etone' (saec. VIII) stands in the upper margin of fol. 41. A Nota Tironiana on fol. 74v apparently refers to the name 'Amantia' in the colophon.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1945,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1945,"Script is graceful, expert uncial of an old type: the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is high; the tail of G is very short; P and q have short descenders. Probationes pennae: biblical excerpts in crude Italian cursive minuscule saec. VIII and the name 'bilihilt' followed by the letters 'a b c d a' in Insular majuscule saec. VIII (fol. A). A puzzling uncial entry 'pro elimosina etone' (saec. VIII) stands in the upper margin of fol. 41. A Nota Tironiana on fol. 74v apparently refers to the name 'Amantia' in the colophon.
","Written presumably in Italy, to judge from the script, and perhaps for some pious and noble lady; the colophon on fol. 74v reads: 'Lege felix Amantia (the name erased) cum tuis in xpo ihu dno nost'. By the eighth century our manuscript must have reached a centre where Anglo-Saxon script was known. Belonged later to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the shelf-marks 'CXXCII’ and '113' are seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1945.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1945.jpg 1946,1540,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1432,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXXXII' and '98'.",,,,"Isidorus, De Officiis Ecclesiasticis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67573",,"fol. 49 ",,,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterised by long descenders and **g** resembling an elongated flat-topped 3. The scribe's prayer is seen on fol. 64v.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1946,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1946,"Script is an Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterised by long descenders and g resembling an elongated flat-topped 3. The scribe's prayer is seen on fol. 64v.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXXXII' and '98'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1946.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1946.jpg 1947,1541,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1433,"Written by an Anglo-Saxon scribe, presumably on the Continent and probably in some German centre. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CXLII' and '122'.",,,,"Isidorus, Quaestiones in Vetus Testamentum (Deuteronomium–Iudices, Iosua).",Parchment,,,"TM 67574",,"fol. 18 ",,,"Script is mainly an uncalligraphic, rapid Anglo~Saxon minuscule: the long, shallow loop of **e** in ligature leans to the right, as if the letter were broken; short horizontals, mainly of **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ**, turn up; subscript **i** is frequent.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1947,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1947,"Script is mainly an uncalligraphic, rapid Anglo~Saxon minuscule: the long, shallow loop of e in ligature leans to the right, as if the letter were broken; short horizontals, mainly of Ᵹ and ꞇ, turn up; subscript i is frequent.
","Written by an Anglo-Saxon scribe, presumably on the Continent and probably in some German centre. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CXLII' and '122'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1947.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1947.jpg 1948,1542,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1434,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; it bears the characteristic shelf-mark 'CLXIII'.",,,,"Apponius, Commentarius in Canticum Canticorum; Hieronymus, Vita Malchi; Hieronymus, Epistulae (14, Ad Heliodorum Monachum); Ps- Melito, Acta Ioannis Apostoli.",Parchment,,,"TM 67575",,"fol. 6v ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: descenders are fairly long; the shaft of **z** sweeps boldly below the line. Lemmata are in somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule touched up with daubs of red and yellow. Some verses in Insular script saec. VIII–IX on fol. 61v might be in the hand of Gundheri (cf. M. p. th. f. 64, CLA [9.1418](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1927)).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1948,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1948,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: descenders are fairly long; the shaft of z sweeps boldly below the line. Lemmata are in somewhat compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule touched up with daubs of red and yellow. Some verses in Insular script saec. VIII–IX on fol. 61v might be in the hand of Gundheri (cf. M. p. th. f. 64, CLA 9.1418).
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, perhaps at Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; it bears the characteristic shelf-mark 'CLXIII'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1948.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1948.jpg 1949,1543,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1435,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the Würzburg region, to judge from its palaeographical kinship to M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA [9.1405](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1911)). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the characteristic shelf-marks ‘CXXII' and '102' are seen on fol. 1.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma (1.2.1–26, 82–fin.); Vitae S Eugeniae, S Potiti (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67576",,"foll. 45 and 64 ",,,"Script is partly Anglo-Saxon minuscule of South English type, partly compressed majuscule, both recalling the scripts of M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA [9.1405](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1911)), and often a mixture of the two: a form of **T** with stem going far below the line is seen at end of words here and there but mostly in one minuscule hand (foll. 40 ff.); the script on fol. 37r–v and part of fol. 38 is erased. An extensive correction on fol. 53 and the added 'Missa speciosa' on foll. 70v and 71 are both in Caroline minuscule saec. IX ex. Small fragments in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX are found in the binding.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1949,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1949,"Script is partly Anglo-Saxon minuscule of South English type, partly compressed majuscule, both recalling the scripts of M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA 9.1405), and often a mixture of the two: a form of T with stem going far below the line is seen at end of words here and there but mostly in one minuscule hand (foll. 40 ff.); the script on fol. 37r–v and part of fol. 38 is erased. An extensive correction on fol. 53 and the added 'Missa speciosa' on foll. 70v and 71 are both in Caroline minuscule saec. IX ex. Small fragments in Anglo-Saxon minuscule saec. IX are found in the binding.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the Würzburg region, to judge from its palaeographical kinship to M. p. th. f. 17 (CLA 9.1405). Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the characteristic shelf-marks ‘CXXII' and '102' are seen on fol. 1.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1949.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1949.jpg 1951,1544,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1436,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the Fulda-Würzburg region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the volume bore the numbers 'CXXXVI' and '142'.",,,,"Excerpta Theologica; Passiones SS Caeciliae, Iulianae, etc.; Homiliae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67577",,"foll. 16 and 40v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule mostly with long descenders; **y** has both branches leaning to the right. The name 'sahsrih' is scratched in on fol. 22v. A curious fragmentary diagram representing apparently a military camp (on fol. 42v) may have been intended for some play.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1951,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1951,"Script, by several hands, is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule mostly with long descenders; y has both branches leaning to the right. The name 'sahsrih' is scratched in on fol. 22v. A curious fragmentary diagram representing apparently a military camp (on fol. 42v) may have been intended for some play.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in the Fulda-Würzburg region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the volume bore the numbers 'CXXXVI' and '142'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1951.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1951.jpg 1952,1545,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1437,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and presumably in Germany, if not in Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the composite volume bore the numbers 'CXXXVI' and '142'.",,,,"Isidorus, Synonyma (1.1–11, 18).",Parchment,,,"TM 67578",,"fol. 43v ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, mostly of a distinct type characterized by long descenders; in parts of the manuscript majuscule elements creep in.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1952,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1952,"Script, by more than one hand, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule, mostly of a distinct type characterized by long descenders; in parts of the manuscript majuscule elements creep in.
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and presumably in Germany, if not in Würzburg itself. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the composite volume bore the numbers 'CXXXVI' and '142'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1952.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1952.jpg 1953,1546,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1438,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and presumably in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'CXXX' and '173'.",,,,"Vitae Patrum (Geronticon, imperf.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67579",,"fol. 7v ",,,"Script is small and neat Anglo-Saxon minuscule by different hands writing different types, some redolent of Northumbria: the first uses long descenders; the bow of **Ᵹ** often forms a triangle; the third stroke of final **m** goes below the line.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1953,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1953,"Script is small and neat Anglo-Saxon minuscule by different hands writing different types, some redolent of Northumbria: the first uses long descenders; the bow of Ᵹ often forms a triangle; the third stroke of final m goes below the line.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent and presumably in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'CXXX' and '173'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1953.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1953.jpg 1954,1547,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1439,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; listed as no. 99 in the eighteenth-century catalogue.",,,,"Excerpta ex Canonum Collectione Hibernensi; Sententiae Variae Patrum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67580",,"foll. 17 and 26 ",,,"Script of the main hand is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule; parts of foll. 17r–v, etc., show a more cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the script seems irregular and perhaps tries to imitate the exemplar; ligatures include forms with **e** having the lower bow reversed and **st**; some short passages are in crude Continental minuscule influenced by Insular (fol. 56v) and in Insular minuscule showing Continental influence (fol. 58).",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1954,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1954,"Script of the main hand is a pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule; parts of foll. 17r–v, etc., show a more cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule; the script seems irregular and perhaps tries to imitate the exemplar; ligatures include forms with e having the lower bow reversed and st; some short passages are in crude Continental minuscule influenced by Insular (fol. 56v) and in Insular minuscule showing Continental influence (fol. 58).
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre on the Continent, presumably in Germany. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library; listed as no. 99 in the eighteenth-century catalogue.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1954.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1954.jpg 1955,1548,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1440,"Origin uncertain, presumably a German scriptorium with Insular connections. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library.",3,,,"Canonum Collectio Andegavensis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67581",,"fol. 44 ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; the uncial form of **N** occurs here and there; **r** is rather tall and its shoulder extends over a following **e** or **i**, occasionally even over **g**. The numeral **UI** occurs in the G-shaped ligature.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1955,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1955,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; the uncial form of N occurs here and there; r is rather tall and its shoulder extends over a following e or i, occasionally even over g. The numeral UI occurs in the G-shaped ligature.
","Origin uncertain, presumably a German scriptorium with Insular connections. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1955.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1955.jpg 1956,1549,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,9,1441,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent. Partly erased in the early ninth century and used for copying a penitential in the Würzburg or Fulda region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXVI' and ‘101'.",,,,"Lectionarium and Sacramentarium.",Parchment,,,"TM 67582",,"Image from the opening, foll. 17v-18 ",,,"Script is a curious, pointed, and very slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: open **a** and **ꝺ** are regularly majuscule; the upper part of **e** is mostly open; the tail of **Ᵹ** is long and sinuous; the tops of **Ᵹ** and **ꞇ** sag; descenders are unusually long and thin.","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 54 no. 3é[check]. ☛ Gamber, CLLA 1221.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1956,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1956,"Script is a curious, pointed, and very slim Anglo-Saxon minuscule with some majuscule elements: open a and ꝺ are regularly majuscule; the upper part of e is mostly open; the tail of Ᵹ is long and sinuous; the tops of Ᵹ and ꞇ sag; descenders are unusually long and thin.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre presumably on the Continent. Partly erased in the early ninth century and used for copying a penitential in the Würzburg or Fulda region. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where the manuscript bore the numbers 'LXVI' and ‘101'.
","☛Y. Hen, Liturgical palimpsests, Bibliologia 26, 2007, p. 54 no. 3é[check]. ☛ Gamber, CLLA 1221.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1956.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1956.jpg 1958,1550,"Pre-Caroline and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,9,1442,"Written in a Southwest German centre such as Murbach. Migrated early to the Main region or Hessia, where the last four folios were added in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CXLV' and '55'.",,,,"Caesarius Arelatensis, Homiliae (4, 233–236, 155); Caesarius Arelatensis, Epistulae (2, Ad Sanctiomoniales, fragm.); Eusebius Gallicanus, Homiliae (39, 6, 40, 41, 44). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67583",,"fol. 37v ",,,"Script of foll. 1–37v is an early roundish minuscule of Southwest German type, closely resembling the script of CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA [9.1290](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1785), [1296](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1791)): **a** and **d** have two forms; the shaft of **h** often leans to the left or is even curved like a longish **s**; here and there the top of **ꞇ** bends down to the left; v-shaped **u** is found suprascript at line-end; a dot is often added to the lower left limb of **x** as in the Munich manuscripts; **z** is tall; numerous ligatures, including forms with a suprascript and with **i** subscript; **ti** ligature occurs for soft ti. The script of foll. 37v ff. is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long, finely pointed descenders.",,,3,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1958,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1958,"Script of foll. 1–37v is an early roundish minuscule of Southwest German type, closely resembling the script of CLM 14082 and 14379 (CLA 9.1290, 1296): a and d have two forms; the shaft of h often leans to the left or is even curved like a longish s; here and there the top of ꞇ bends down to the left; v-shaped u is found suprascript at line-end; a dot is often added to the lower left limb of x as in the Munich manuscripts; z is tall; numerous ligatures, including forms with a suprascript and with i subscript; ti ligature occurs for soft ti. The script of foll. 37v ff. is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long, finely pointed descenders.
","Written in a Southwest German centre such as Murbach. Migrated early to the Main region or Hessia, where the last four folios were added in Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Belonged to the Würzburg Cathedral Library, where it bore the numbers 'CXLV' and '55'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/9/1958.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/9/1958.jpg 1959,1915,Uncial,VI,501,600,S,**1037,"Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt. The Paris fragments, formerly mislaid, have been found. The Berlin fragments have been returned from Russia.",,,,"Papinianus, De Bonorum Possessione (Responsa 5, 9, with Greek glosses); Paulus Iuridicus, Opus Incertum; Ulpianus, Opus Incertum.",Parchment,,,"TM 62356",,"Image shows cols. A-B, C, and D-E",,,"Script is small graceful uncial of the characteristic type found in the Florentine Pandects (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and in various legal fragments from Egypt (see CLA [12.1723](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)): **B** and **R** have the typical forms; the oblique of **N** is thin and often sags, a sign of Greek influence. See under [Berlin](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1495).","☛E. Turner, Typology, p. 126 dates IV–V. ☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.",,,,,1495,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1959,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1959,"Script is small graceful uncial of the characteristic type found in the Florentine Pandects (CLA 3.295) and in various legal fragments from Egypt (see CLA 12.1723): B and R have the typical forms; the oblique of N is thin and often sags, a sign of Greek influence. See under Berlin.
","Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found in Egypt. The Paris fragments, formerly mislaid, have been found. The Berlin fragments have been returned from Russia.
","☛E. Turner, Typology, p. 126 dates IV–V. ☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 93.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1959.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1959.jpg 1960,1855,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,**1051,"Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script and provenance. Later dismembered for binding purposes. The entry 'Liber S Petri in Wissenburg' saec. XV or XVI in. occurs on several of the fragments as enumerated under Berlin. It is not known how the Hanover fragment entered the Culemann collection.",,,,"Vitae et Passiones Sanctorum (Arnulfus; Fides, Spes et Caritas; Genovefa; Iohannes Ev.; Iulianus; Polycarpus; Simeon; Theogenes, fragm.). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67188",,"Paris fol. 1v ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a roundish type found in some manuscripts from Weissenburg (cf. CLA [9.1384](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1887), [1393](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1897), etc.): open **a** is more frequent than **a**; **N** occurs in mid-word; **y** is short and dotted; some descenders are very long. For other details see under Berlin (CLA [8.1051](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1511)) and Leiden (CLA [10.**1051](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/137)).","☛H. Thurn, Die Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg 5 (1994), p. 49 (description of the Würzburg page).",,1,,1,1511,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1960,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1960,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of a roundish type found in some manuscripts from Weissenburg (cf. CLA 9.1384, 1393, etc.): open a is more frequent than a; N occurs in mid-word; y is short and dotted; some descenders are very long. For other details see under Berlin (CLA 8.1051) and Leiden (CLA 10.**1051).
","Written probably at Weissenburg, to judge from the script and provenance. Later dismembered for binding purposes. The entry 'Liber S Petri in Wissenburg' saec. XV or XVI in. occurs on several of the fragments as enumerated under Berlin. It is not known how the Hanover fragment entered the Culemann collection.
","☛H. Thurn, Die Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg 5 (1994), p. 49 (description of the Würzburg page).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1960.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1960.jpg 1961,1858,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule and Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,**1229,"Written presumably in Northumbria. The fragment seems to have come from the monastery Niederaltaich in Bavaria; according to the Leipzig catalogues of 1737 and 1752 it was formerly bound together with MS Rep. II. 35 b which belonged to this monastery. Formerly in Leipzig Stadtbibliothek and apparently a membrum disiectum with the leaf reproduced in CLA [8.1229](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1708), which is now missing.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mt 1.2–6.4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67363",,"Image from Universitätsbibliothek foll. 1v, 2",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is Anglo-Saxon majuscule up to cap. 1. 20: **a**, **d**, and **r** have two forms; **n** (**N** occurs rarely); **S** throughout; thereafter compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous majuscule elements: **a** has four forms, one form being tall and open at the top; **i** at the beginning of words has a tendency to be somewhat longer; **S** is frequent; the lower left limb of **x** here and there forms a shallow **s**; there is a marked tendency to use somewhat ornate forms (**a**, **d**, **q**, and even **m** with the second bow curiously elongated to fill out the line as in the Book of Kells, CLA [2.274](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/593)). Corrections by Insular and later Continental hands. Some glosses in a crude late eighth-century (?) hand.",,,,2,,1708,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1961,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1961,"Script, by more than one hand, is Anglo-Saxon majuscule up to cap. 1. 20: a, d, and r have two forms; n (N occurs rarely); S throughout; thereafter compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous majuscule elements: a has four forms, one form being tall and open at the top; i at the beginning of words has a tendency to be somewhat longer; S is frequent; the lower left limb of x here and there forms a shallow s; there is a marked tendency to use somewhat ornate forms (a, d, q, and even m with the second bow curiously elongated to fill out the line as in the Book of Kells, CLA 2.274). Corrections by Insular and later Continental hands. Some glosses in a crude late eighth-century (?) hand.
","Written presumably in Northumbria. The fragment seems to have come from the monastery Niederaltaich in Bavaria; according to the Leipzig catalogues of 1737 and 1752 it was formerly bound together with MS Rep. II. 35 b which belonged to this monastery. Formerly in Leipzig Stadtbibliothek and apparently a membrum disiectum with the leaf reproduced in CLA 8.1229, which is now missing.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1961.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1961.jpg 1963,1899,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,**1400,"Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, most likely at Mainz, by Willibaldus diaconus. The subscription in Anglo-Saxon majuscule 'Uuillibaldus diaconus scripsit Amen' stands at the end of the work on fol. 65v. The manuscript was certainly at Mainz early in the ninth century, as is shown by the script of the additions. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the typical fifteenth-century shelf-mark 'CXXXIII' is seen on Oxford fol. 1, fly-leaf. The main manuscript was acquired by agents of Archbishop Laud, who presented the volume to the Bodleian in 1637.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis (imperf.); Breviarius de Hierosolyma.",Parchment,,,"TM 67539",,"Oxford fol. 65v ",,,"Script is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and the form of **Ᵹ** with angular, protruding chest: **e** is frequently theta-shaped; **Ᵹ** in ligature with following **n** has no horizontal top-stroke; **z** plunges well below the line. Numerous corrections over erasure by an Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX (e.g. on fol. 25). Various notanda by several hands in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, some of the distinctly Mainz type, fill fol. 1v, the lower half of fol. 65v after the colophon, and foll. 66–81v. Some German names were entered saec. IX: 'Bobbo ruodolf' (fol. 25v), 'Heribertus' (fol. 79v), 'Liutker' (fol. 80v).",,,,2,,1904,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1963,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1963,"Script is a regular Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type characterized by long descenders and the form of Ᵹ with angular, protruding chest: e is frequently theta-shaped; Ᵹ in ligature with following n has no horizontal top-stroke; z plunges well below the line. Numerous corrections over erasure by an Anglo-Saxon hand saec. VIII–IX (e.g. on fol. 25). Various notanda by several hands in Caroline minuscule saec. IX, some of the distinctly Mainz type, fill fol. 1v, the lower half of fol. 65v after the colophon, and foll. 66–81v. Some German names were entered saec. IX: 'Bobbo ruodolf' (fol. 25v), 'Heribertus' (fol. 79v), 'Liutker' (fol. 80v).
","Written doubtless in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, most likely at Mainz, by Willibaldus diaconus. The subscription in Anglo-Saxon majuscule 'Uuillibaldus diaconus scripsit Amen' stands at the end of the work on fol. 65v. The manuscript was certainly at Mainz early in the ninth century, as is shown by the script of the additions. Later in the Würzburg Cathedral Library: the typical fifteenth-century shelf-mark 'CXXXIII' is seen on Oxford fol. 1, fly-leaf. The main manuscript was acquired by agents of Archbishop Laud, who presented the volume to the Bodleian in 1637.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1963.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1963.jpg 1964,1890,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,**146,"Written at the well-known Anglo-Saxon centre of Fulda. The manuscript was copied from a Visigothic exemplar, fragments of which survive at Kassel and Marburg (CLA [12.1785](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2091)). The Marburg leaves were used for binding Schmalkalden books of accounts for the years 1589 and 1590. The fragment formerly in Cheltenham is now at the Houghton Library of Harvard University.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,TM,,"Image from fol. 1v of Marburg fragment a ",,,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type with theta-shaped **e** and elongated **Ᵹ** with a protruding chest: **a** has two forms; **ꝺ** is mostly uncial; initial **i**-longa occurs, but not consistently; descenders are longish; Continental influence is evident in the club-shaped shafts of some tall letters; a contemporary Anglo-Saxon hand corrected **e** to **ae** by attaching subscript **a**. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA [8.1181](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1655), and S.**1181 p. 9) and other manuscripts enumerated under [12.1698](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2001).","☛Formerly Cambridge, Mass. USA Harvard University MS Typ. 6 (30499).",,,2,,459,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1964,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1964,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a distinct type with theta-shaped e and elongated Ᵹ with a protruding chest: a has two forms; ꝺ is mostly uncial; initial i-longa occurs, but not consistently; descenders are longish; Continental influence is evident in the club-shaped shafts of some tall letters; a contemporary Anglo-Saxon hand corrected e to ae by attaching subscript a. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA 8.1181, and S.**1181 p. 9) and other manuscripts enumerated under 12.1698.
","Written at the well-known Anglo-Saxon centre of Fulda. The manuscript was copied from a Visigothic exemplar, fragments of which survive at Kassel and Marburg (CLA 12.1785). The Marburg leaves were used for binding Schmalkalden books of accounts for the years 1589 and 1590. The fragment formerly in Cheltenham is now at the Houghton Library of Harvard University.
","☛Formerly Cambridge, Mass. USA Harvard University MS Typ. 6 (30499).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1964.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1964.jpg 1965,1929,Minuscule,VIII–IX,701,900,S,**1580,"Written in North France and probably in the Corbie area, to judge by the resemblance to the Maurdramn type on some pages. Later history unknown.",,,,"Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia (1–36.97).",Parchment,,,"TM 67745",,"Vatican fol. 43",,,"Script, by several hands, is tiny, neat, angular minuscule, in part pure Caroline, in part a mixed type with Insular **Ᵹ**; some pages (Vatic. fol. 5v, etc.) recall the later Maurdramnus type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); **a**, **d**, and **n** have two forms; the ligature **et** has a curious form. Additions and corrections saec. IX and X. The medical texts on Leiden foll. 68v f., 75v f., etc., have interlinear rubrics saec. XII. Some marginalia saec. XV in the Vatican volume seem by an Italian hand.",,,,,,309,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1965,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1965,"Script, by several hands, is tiny, neat, angular minuscule, in part pure Caroline, in part a mixed type with Insular Ᵹ; some pages (Vatic. fol. 5v, etc.) recall the later Maurdramnus type (cf. CLA 6, p. xxiv); a, d, and n have two forms; the ligature et has a curious form. Additions and corrections saec. IX and X. The medical texts on Leiden foll. 68v f., 75v f., etc., have interlinear rubrics saec. XII. Some marginalia saec. XV in the Vatican volume seem by an Italian hand.
","Written in North France and probably in the Corbie area, to judge by the resemblance to the Maurdramn type on some pages. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1965.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1965.jpg 1966,1911,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,S,**163,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Later history unknown. This item has already been described in volumes [2](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/478) and [5](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/870).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (23.1–24.51).",Parchment,,,"TM 66267",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule: **a** in ligature rises above the line; the shaft of **b** is often connected by a tag with the following letter; **c** initially is broken-backed; the bow of **d** is often open when attached to the previous letter; **i**-longa occurs initially and medially as well; uncial **N** occurs even in mid-word; superior sickle-shaped **u** even in mid-line; **y** is short and dotted; ascenders lean distinctly to the left; ligatures with **ꞇ** are frequent and the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sound.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36184.",,,8,,478,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1966,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1966,"Script is Luxeuil minuscule: a in ligature rises above the line; the shaft of b is often connected by a tag with the following letter; c initially is broken-backed; the bow of d is often open when attached to the previous letter; i-longa occurs initially and medially as well; uncial N occurs even in mid-word; superior sickle-shaped u even in mid-line; y is short and dotted; ascenders lean distinctly to the left; ligatures with ꞇ are frequent and the ti ligature is used indifferently for the hard and soft sound.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Later history unknown. This item has already been described in volumes 2 and 5.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 6, dates to after 680, ca 700. ☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 36184.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1966.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1966.jpg 1967,1852,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,S,**171,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by palaeographical considerations. The fragment was given by the Paris dealer Edwin Tross (†1875) to the Hanover collector Culemann.",,,,"Paulus Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 66275",,"Entire Hanover recto shown",,,"Script is a bold uncial: noteworthy letters are **A** with the triangular bow and **M** with the second arch beginning in a straight hair-line, also true of the arch of **h**. Theological entries saec. XVI are seen in the margins of the recto. For abbreviations and other details, see under London, Paris, and Brussels (CLA [2.171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/486), [5.**171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/871), and [10.**171](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/150)).",,,,,,486,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1967,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1967,"Script is a bold uncial: noteworthy letters are A with the triangular bow and M with the second arch beginning in a straight hair-line, also true of the arch of h. Theological entries saec. XVI are seen in the margins of the recto. For abbreviations and other details, see under London, Paris, and Brussels (CLA 2.171, 5.**171, and 10.**171).
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by palaeographical considerations. The fragment was given by the Paris dealer Edwin Tross (†1875) to the Hanover collector Culemann.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1967.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1967.jpg 1968,1846,"Early or Mixed Half-Uncial",III¹,201,250,S,**208,"Written presumably in Africa and not in Egypt, if we may be guided by the evidence furnished by the other members of this group. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1934 along with cursive documents of the second, third, and fourth centuries.",,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (Epitome fragm. 37–40, 47–55).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61429",,"Image shows the entire Florence fragment",,,"Noteworthy features are: the very pointed bow of **A**, **N** with the first upright descending below the line and with the peculiar position of its middle stroke, and the **s** made of three strokes; the diminished size of **o** doubtless derives from Greek calligraphy. For further details, see under London (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526)).",,3,1,,,526,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1968,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1968,"Noteworthy features are: the very pointed bow of A, N with the first upright descending below the line and with the peculiar position of its middle stroke, and the s made of three strokes; the diminished size of o doubtless derives from Greek calligraphy. For further details, see under London (CLA 2.208).
","Written presumably in Africa and not in Egypt, if we may be guided by the evidence furnished by the other members of this group. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1934 along with cursive documents of the second, third, and fourth centuries.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1968.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1968.jpg 1969,1857,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,**220,"Written presumably in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The leaf formerly in London and later owned by Mr Mark Lansburgh of Santa Barbara was acquired by Yale University.",,,,"Beda, Expositio in Evangelium Lucae (6.43–46).",Parchment,,,"TM 66318",,"Image from the recto of Hanover fol. 72 ",,,"Script is graceful, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **i**-longa here and there initially; the foot of **I** occasionally extends below the following letter; **y** is short and undotted. For other details see under London (CLA [2.220](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/538)).","☛Formerly London, Private collection Merton number unknown.",,,2,,538,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1969,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1969,"Script is graceful, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule: i-longa here and there initially; the foot of I occasionally extends below the following letter; y is short and undotted. For other details see under London (CLA 2.220).
","Written presumably in England or in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The leaf formerly in London and later owned by Mr Mark Lansburgh of Santa Barbara was acquired by Yale University.
","☛Formerly London, Private collection Merton number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1969.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1969.jpg 1970,1853,Uncial,VII,601,700,S,**221,"Written probably in Italy, to judge by script and textual affiliations, which are Italian. The history of the Hanover fragment is not known before it entered the collection of the Hanover bibliophile Culemann.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc 1–4, 8–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 66319",,"Image from the verso of the Hanover fragment ",,,"Script is a calligraphic, well-formed late uncial of Italian type, to judge by the form of **A** with the drop-like pouch, **ꝺ** resembling an O with stem above, and the **N** with the spike-like final stroke touching the oblique above the base-line-the view also of the revised volume 2: the tail of **G** is long and hair-like; suprascript **U** at line-end is a shallow curve; descenders and some short down strokes tend to end in a hair-line curve to the left. For other details see under London (CLA [2.221](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/539)).",,,,,,539,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1970,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1970,"Script is a calligraphic, well-formed late uncial of Italian type, to judge by the form of A with the drop-like pouch, ꝺ resembling an O with stem above, and the N with the spike-like final stroke touching the oblique above the base-line-the view also of the revised volume 2: the tail of G is long and hair-like; suprascript U at line-end is a shallow curve; descenders and some short down strokes tend to end in a hair-line curve to the left. For other details see under London (CLA 2.221).
","Written probably in Italy, to judge by script and textual affiliations, which are Italian. The history of the Hanover fragment is not known before it entered the collection of the Hanover bibliophile Culemann.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1970.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1970.jpg 1971,1824,"Cursive Capital","II–III (post 193)",100,300,S,**249,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Part of the text clearly corresponds to Ulpian, another part to the edict itself of AD 193. The Greek cursive text on the verso is assigned by experts to roughly the middle of the third century.",3,,,"Ulpianus, Ad Edictum (45). ",Papyrus,,,"TM 62938",,"Image shows both the Greek and Latin of the Berlin fragment",,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/00226/,"Script is calligraphic cursive sloping to the right: **b** has the ancient cursive form; **d** consists of an oval topped by a straight oblique, resembling later uncial; the form of **e** has Greek echoes; the tail of **G** turns to the right and is on the line; the foot of **L** extends obliquely below the line; **M** is made of four straight strokes; shrunken **o** occurs often, a Greek symptom; **p** is cursive with the bow hardly formed; **q** has a tiny bow, its tail swung down to the right—the archaic form; **r** has two forms, one cursive, the other virtually uncial; the final stroke of **s** and the top of **t** are straight; **u** occurs cup-shaped. See also under CLA [2.249](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/568), 8.**249, p. 6.","☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine, p.180 and pl. XVI.2.",,,,6,568,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1971,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1971,"Script is calligraphic cursive sloping to the right: b has the ancient cursive form; d consists of an oval topped by a straight oblique, resembling later uncial; the form of e has Greek echoes; the tail of G turns to the right and is on the line; the foot of L extends obliquely below the line; M is made of four straight strokes; shrunken o occurs often, a Greek symptom; p is cursive with the bow hardly formed; q has a tiny bow, its tail swung down to the right—the archaic form; r has two forms, one cursive, the other virtually uncial; the final stroke of s and the top of t are straight; u occurs cup-shaped. See also under CLA 2.249, 8.**249, p. 6.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Part of the text clearly corresponds to Ulpian, another part to the edict itself of AD 193. The Greek cursive text on the verso is assigned by experts to roughly the middle of the third century.
","☛Mallon, Paléographie romaine, p.180 and pl. XVI.2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1971.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1971.jpg 1972,1828,Half-Uncial,VI²,551,600,S,**819,"Written probably in a South Italian centre, to judge by the script and the manner of indicating omission of **m** (see Orléans). Came early to Fleury (cf. the ex-libris saec. VIII–IX on fol. 49 of the Orléans portion), where it was dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Bern fragment is pasted as a label on fol. 1 of Bern Cod. 485, a thirteenth-century manuscript containing Bandinus, Compendium seu abbreviatio sententiarum.",,,,"Origenes, Homiliae in Leviticum (5–8, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67599",,"Entire Bern fragment is shown ",,,"Script is careful but somewhat stiff half-uncial: the oblique of **N** is thin and touches the second upright well above the base-line.","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF 364.",,,,,1233,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1972,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1972,"Script is careful but somewhat stiff half-uncial: the oblique of N is thin and touches the second upright well above the base-line.
","Written probably in a South Italian centre, to judge by the script and the manner of indicating omission of m (see Orléans). Came early to Fleury (cf. the ex-libris saec. VIII–IX on fol. 49 of the Orléans portion), where it was dismembered and used to strengthen bindings. The Bern fragment is pasted as a label on fol. 1 of Bern Cod. 485, a thirteenth-century manuscript containing Bandinus, Compendium seu abbreviatio sententiarum.
","☛Mostert, Fleury BF198, BF 364.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1972.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1972.jpg 1973,1821,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1671,"Written in the Frankish area, probably in the last years before Charlemagne became emperor (cf. the heading 'Pro iter agente vel quando ad regem pergis' on fol. 109v), with the collaboration of a scribe who before had belonged to the court scriptorium. The ambitious book is an interesting though not quite successful attempt to imitate the manuscripts of the Ada group. Belonged successively to Joseph Barrois, to the Ashburnham Collection, to Charles Fairfax Murray, and from 1906 on to C. W. Dyson Perrins, Malvern; after the latter's death it was acquired by the present owner.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt, Mc, Lc, Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 67841",,"fol. 88v ",,,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands (the hand which is seen on foll. 5 (line 5)–35, 36v–45v, 88v in part, and 92v seems to be identical with the second hand, foll. 66–73v, of the original codex of the Libri Carolini, Vatic. Lat. 7207 (CLA [1.52](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/60)), now established as a manuscript produced at Charlemagne's court): **a** prevails; the few ligatures include **ed**, **eg**, **re**, **ri**; capitals at the beginnings of sentences are rather tall, with the shaft often ending in a sharp point. The beginning of the final clause in many lessons is marked with a neume, the podatus. Corrections by a tenth-century hand. A few names, now mostly mutilated, were added by a hand saec. X or IX–X.","☛Formerly Aachen, Private collection Ludwig MS 2. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2512. ",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1973,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1973,"Script is Caroline minuscule by several hands (the hand which is seen on foll. 5 (line 5)–35, 36v–45v, 88v in part, and 92v seems to be identical with the second hand, foll. 66–73v, of the original codex of the Libri Carolini, Vatic. Lat. 7207 (CLA 1.52), now established as a manuscript produced at Charlemagne's court): a prevails; the few ligatures include ed, eg, re, ri; capitals at the beginnings of sentences are rather tall, with the shaft often ending in a sharp point. The beginning of the final clause in many lessons is marked with a neume, the podatus. Corrections by a tenth-century hand. A few names, now mostly mutilated, were added by a hand saec. X or IX–X.
","Written in the Frankish area, probably in the last years before Charlemagne became emperor (cf. the heading 'Pro iter agente vel quando ad regem pergis' on fol. 109v), with the collaboration of a scribe who before had belonged to the court scriptorium. The ambitious book is an interesting though not quite successful attempt to imitate the manuscripts of the Ada group. Belonged successively to Joseph Barrois, to the Ashburnham Collection, to Charles Fairfax Murray, and from 1906 on to C. W. Dyson Perrins, Malvern; after the latter's death it was acquired by the present owner.
","☛Formerly Aachen, Private collection Ludwig MS 2. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2512.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1973.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1973.jpg 1974,1822,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1672,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Missing since 1977.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Col 3.24–4.18; 1 Th 1.1–8).",Parchment,,,"TN 67842",,"Image from the verso, the opening of I Thessalonians",,,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: the **i** after **t** descends somewhat below the line; the **ri** ligature characteristic of this type, as in Beneventan.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 5.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1974,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1974,"Script is typical Rhaetian minuscule: the i after t descends somewhat below the line; the ri ligature characteristic of this type, as in Beneventan.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Missing since 1977.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 5.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1974.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1974.jpg 1975,1823,Uncial,VI²,551,600,S,1673,"Written doubtless in Italy. Bound as a fly-leaf in an eleventh-century Passionarium at latest in the fourteenth century. At that time the main manuscript already belonged to the church of S Alessandro: the ex-libris reads, 'Iste liber est ecclesie s. Alexandri in columna burgi s. Leonardi civitatis Pergami'. The library of the clergy of S Alessandro is at present deposited in the 'Biblioteca G. M. Radini Tedeschi' dei Preti del S Cuore (via Garibaldi, 10).",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Canones, Capitula in Io).",Parchment,,,"TM 67843",,"Image shows part of the canon tables and the capitula",,,"Script is well-formed uncial: the bow of **A** is pointed and rather short. A slightly later hand corrected the Explicit of canon 10. A table of contents of the main manuscript was entered in the fourteenth century; scribbles and ornamental drawings were entered by various hands.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1975,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1975,"Script is well-formed uncial: the bow of A is pointed and rather short. A slightly later hand corrected the Explicit of canon 10. A table of contents of the main manuscript was entered in the fourteenth century; scribbles and ornamental drawings were entered by various hands.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Bound as a fly-leaf in an eleventh-century Passionarium at latest in the fourteenth century. At that time the main manuscript already belonged to the church of S Alessandro: the ex-libris reads, 'Iste liber est ecclesie s. Alexandri in columna burgi s. Leonardi civitatis Pergami'. The library of the clergy of S Alessandro is at present deposited in the 'Biblioteca G. M. Radini Tedeschi' dei Preti del S Cuore (via Garibaldi, 10).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1975.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1975.jpg 1976,1825,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1674,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The Berlin fragments were used for binding accounts from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century; most of the places mentioned there are situated west of Limburg near the Premonstratensian monastery of Arnstein (founded 1139), the probable home of the fragments in the Middle Ages. The Munich fragment comes from a collection formed by the Jesuit scholar Stephan Beissel (†1915).",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (11.2.33–7, 3.5–7, 12.2.15–29, 7.28–47).",Parchment,,,"TM 67844",,"Image from the verso of the Munich fragment ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by more than one hand: descenders are very long; ligatures include **ma**, **na**, and **ro** (rare in Insular script); subscript **i** occurs with **m** and **n**. Words markedly separated. Corrections and marginal entries by an eleventh-century hand.","☛Formerly Leipzig, Universität Collection Bernhard Bischoff without number. ☛Formerly Munich, Private collection Bischoff number unknown. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 372. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1976,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1976,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by more than one hand: descenders are very long; ligatures include ma, na, and ro (rare in Insular script); subscript i occurs with m and n. Words markedly separated. Corrections and marginal entries by an eleventh-century hand.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. The Berlin fragments were used for binding accounts from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century; most of the places mentioned there are situated west of Limburg near the Premonstratensian monastery of Arnstein (founded 1139), the probable home of the fragments in the Middle Ages. The Munich fragment comes from a collection formed by the Jesuit scholar Stephan Beissel (†1915).
","☛Formerly Leipzig, Universität Collection Bernhard Bischoff without number. ☛Formerly Munich, Private collection Bischoff number unknown. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 372.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1976.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1976.jpg 1977,1826,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule verging on Cursive","VIII med",726,775,S,1675,"Written doubtless in England, as script and vernacular glosses suggest. During the Middle Ages the manuscript lay probably in some English foundation in Germany. The fragments were used for binding purposes; a paper title referring to accounts of 1652 was pasted until recently on MS 139, 2. Belonged to Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm (†1863 and 1859).",,,,"Glossae in Libros Bibliae, etc.; Augustinus, Excerpta.",Parchment,,,"TM 67845",1464961418-screenshot-2016-06-03-at-143615.jpg,"Image from one side of MS. 139, 2",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands, one calligraphic, the other rather rapid and less expert without ruled lines to guide it: ligatures are numerous (e.g. **bs** with **i** or **u** superscript for **bis**, **bus**; **li**; **um**; **mor**; even **modo** written without lifting the pen). Anglo-Saxon glosses occur in the glossary and are marked by a small **s** (saxonice) above the word.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 344. ",4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1977,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1977,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule by two hands, one calligraphic, the other rather rapid and less expert without ruled lines to guide it: ligatures are numerous (e.g. bs with i or u superscript for bis, bus; li; um; mor; even modo written without lifting the pen). Anglo-Saxon glosses occur in the glossary and are marked by a small s (saxonice) above the word.
","Written doubtless in England, as script and vernacular glosses suggest. During the Middle Ages the manuscript lay probably in some English foundation in Germany. The fragments were used for binding purposes; a paper title referring to accounts of 1652 was pasted until recently on MS 139, 2. Belonged to Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm (†1863 and 1859).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 344.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1977.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1977.jpg 1978,1827,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1676,"Written doubtless in Northumbria. The medieval home of the manuscript was probably an Anglo-Saxon foundation in Germany. The fragment was used as a book-jacket. Belonged to the Grimm brothers.",,,,"Pelagius, Expositio in Epistulam Pauli ad Philippenses (2.9–25, 2.27–3.12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67846",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a compressed type with descenders unusually long: the shoulder of **r** descends very low and is easily mistaken for the short stroke of another letter; cursive features are seen in the ligature **tr** and in the looped ascender of **d**; other ligatures include **m**, **n**, **tio**, and even **li** in the form of an obtuse angle.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1978,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1978,"Script is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a compressed type with descenders unusually long: the shoulder of r descends very low and is easily mistaken for the short stroke of another letter; cursive features are seen in the ligature tr and in the looped ascender of d; other ligatures include m, n, tio, and even li in the form of an obtuse angle.
","Written doubtless in Northumbria. The medieval home of the manuscript was probably an Anglo-Saxon foundation in Germany. The fragment was used as a book-jacket. Belonged to the Grimm brothers.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1978.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1978.jpg 1979,1829,"Early Half-Uncial","III ex –IV in",275,325,S,1677,"Origin presumably Africa, as palaeographical considerations suggest. The date, that is the terminus ante quem, is furnished by the accounts in Greek on the verso (now Pap. Bon. 3), which for internal reasons cannot be later than the second or third decade of the fourth century. This type of script is of unusual interest since it constitutes the variety of half-uncial in vogue, especially in the Roman colonies, before canonical half-uncial and uncial supplanted it. Found in Egypt, probably at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Exempla Litterarum Graeco-Latina.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64278",,"Image from columns VII, VIII, and IX",,http://amshistorica.unibo.it/247,"Script is the distinct type seen in the Livy Epitome in the British Museum, the Seneca palimpsest of Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24, the liturgical fragment in Manchester, and the Oxford papyrus of Livy (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526) and [12.**208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1968), [1.69](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/80); [12.1720](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2025); and [2.247](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/566)): of special interest is the long thorn-like bow of **A**, found in the group above and also seen in the Makter inscription from Africa and in Codex k of the Gospels considered African (see CLA [4.465](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)); noteworthy too is the scribe's taking pains to differentiate the Greek from the Latin **A**; the hasta of **E** is thin; **G** has a short tail; the bow of **q** is compressed and hangs high above the line; **s** is made in three strokes.","☛CLA date range (III–IV) changed to follow P. Orsini in letter cited by Trismegistos. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 275.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1979,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1979,"Script is the distinct type seen in the Livy Epitome in the British Museum, the Seneca palimpsest of Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24, the liturgical fragment in Manchester, and the Oxford papyrus of Livy (CLA 2.208 and 12.**208, 1.69; 12.1720; and 2.247): of special interest is the long thorn-like bow of A, found in the group above and also seen in the Makter inscription from Africa and in Codex k of the Gospels considered African (see CLA 4.465); noteworthy too is the scribe's taking pains to differentiate the Greek from the Latin A; the hasta of E is thin; G has a short tail; the bow of q is compressed and hangs high above the line; s is made in three strokes.
","Origin presumably Africa, as palaeographical considerations suggest. The date, that is the terminus ante quem, is furnished by the accounts in Greek on the verso (now Pap. Bon. 3), which for internal reasons cannot be later than the second or third decade of the fourth century. This type of script is of unusual interest since it constitutes the variety of half-uncial in vogue, especially in the Roman colonies, before canonical half-uncial and uncial supplanted it. Found in Egypt, probably at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛CLA date range (III–IV) changed to follow P. Orsini in letter cited by Trismegistos. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 275.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1979.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1979.jpg 1980,1830,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1678,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, possibly on the Continent, to judge by a certain similarity to one hand of Boulogne 58 (63 and 64), foll. 20v–21 (CLA [6.737](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1142)). Our fragment comes also from St-Bertin (cf. the fifteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1 of the manuscript proper).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1.12, 13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67847",,"Image shows parts of both sides ",,,"Script is a somewhat stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule still retaining some majuscule features: **a** has three forms; **d** has two forms, the uncial less frequent; **e** is theta-shaped here and there; the bow of **p** ends in a thickening resembling a comma, a feature peculiarly Insular; **r** is easily mistaken for **n**; minuscule **s** predominates and goes well below the line; the bows of **d** and **q** are open at the top.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1980,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1980,"Script is a somewhat stiff Anglo-Saxon minuscule still retaining some majuscule features: a has three forms; d has two forms, the uncial less frequent; e is theta-shaped here and there; the bow of p ends in a thickening resembling a comma, a feature peculiarly Insular; r is easily mistaken for n; minuscule s predominates and goes well below the line; the bows of d and q are open at the top.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon scriptorium, possibly on the Continent, to judge by a certain similarity to one hand of Boulogne 58 (63 and 64), foll. 20v–21 (CLA 6.737). Our fragment comes also from St-Bertin (cf. the fifteenth-century ex-libris on fol. 1 of the manuscript proper).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1980.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1980.jpg 1981,1831,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1679,"Written probably in Northumbria, to judge by features it has in common with our numbers 1676 and 1703 referred to above. Removed from the binding of Cambridge MS St John's College H. 6, Bede's Super Apocalypsim saec. XII, a manuscript from Ramsey Abbey.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Expositio in Psalmos (76.3–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67848",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous cursive elements, the most striking being the elongated, upward-swinging top of **ꞇ**: descenders unusually long; the ascenders of **b**, **l**, and **h** are curved, that of **d** is often looped (as in the Berlin fragment of Pelagius, CLA [12.1676](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1978)); **i**, **it**, **a**, and **m** occur subscript and **u** occurs suprascript; many ligatures.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1981,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1981,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with numerous cursive elements, the most striking being the elongated, upward-swinging top of ꞇ: descenders unusually long; the ascenders of b, l, and h are curved, that of d is often looped (as in the Berlin fragment of Pelagius, CLA 12.1676); i, it, a, and m occur subscript and u occurs suprascript; many ligatures.
","Written probably in Northumbria, to judge by features it has in common with our numbers 1676 and 1703 referred to above. Removed from the binding of Cambridge MS St John's College H. 6, Bede's Super Apocalypsim saec. XII, a manuscript from Ramsey Abbey.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1981.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1981.jpg 1982,1832,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule (?)",VIII(?),701,800,S,1680,"A satisfactory description is virtually impossible because the script is now almost entirely illegible, even with the aid of special photography. No facsimile is known to exist. See M. R. James, MSS of Trinity Hall, p. 40.",,,,"Liber Benedictionalis.",Parchment,,,"TM 67849",,"No facsimile is known to exist ",,,,,4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1982,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1982,,"A satisfactory description is virtually impossible because the script is now almost entirely illegible, even with the aid of special photography. No facsimile is known to exist. See M. R. James, MSS of Trinity Hall, p. 40.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1982.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1982.jpg 1983,1833,"Capital and Half-Uncial",V,401,500,S,1681,"Written doubtless in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Abecedaria; Vergilius, Aeneis (4.129 = 11.1). ",Papyrus,,,"TM 62971",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,"One mutilated papyrus fragment containing two incomplete alphabets manifestly written by a beginner copying his master's exemplar or possibly by an aged teacher. The lines of 'Capitalis', as is proper, are distinctly large and stand first: the forms of **G** and **h** recall uncial. The smaller-scale half-uncial follows below: the bow of **a** is inflated and continues in a loop to form the rest of the letter as in Greek cursive; the horizontal top of **g** is detached from the s-like bow and tail. The Greek equivalent is superposed over some letters in Greek 'lower case'. On the back is a line of rather large, inexpert half-uncial letters.","☛ChLA 4.234. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 18 (date IV). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 59.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1983,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1983,"One mutilated papyrus fragment containing two incomplete alphabets manifestly written by a beginner copying his master's exemplar or possibly by an aged teacher. The lines of 'Capitalis', as is proper, are distinctly large and stand first: the forms of G and h recall uncial. The smaller-scale half-uncial follows below: the bow of a is inflated and continues in a loop to form the rest of the letter as in Greek cursive; the horizontal top of g is detached from the s-like bow and tail. The Greek equivalent is superposed over some letters in Greek 'lower case'. On the back is a line of rather large, inexpert half-uncial letters.
","Written doubtless in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛ChLA 4.234. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 18 (date IV). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 59.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1983.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1983.jpg 1985,1834,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S,1682,"Written doubtless in the Northumbrian monasteries of Wearmouth-Jarrow, to judge by palaeographical considerations. Bound with the manuscript of Heraclides' Paradisus, perhaps when the latter was copied in the twelfth century.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium Romanum (Vetus Latina, Ps 90.7–92.6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67850",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is graceful uncial, closely resembling that seen in the Stonyhurst Gospel, in the capitula of the Codex Amiatinus, and in other members of the group (CLA [2.260](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/579), [3.299](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/631), etc.): the bow of **A** is a distinct oval; **G** has a small, straight, shaded tail. A few scribbles saec. XII are entered on the verso upside down to our text.","☛T. A. M. Bishop, 'A fragment in Northumbrian uncial' [Scriptorium 8 (1954) 111–113](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1954_num_8_1_2509).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1985,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1985,"Script is graceful uncial, closely resembling that seen in the Stonyhurst Gospel, in the capitula of the Codex Amiatinus, and in other members of the group (CLA 2.260, 3.299, etc.): the bow of A is a distinct oval; G has a small, straight, shaded tail. A few scribbles saec. XII are entered on the verso upside down to our text.
","Written doubtless in the Northumbrian monasteries of Wearmouth-Jarrow, to judge by palaeographical considerations. Bound with the manuscript of Heraclides' Paradisus, perhaps when the latter was copied in the twelfth century.
","☛T. A. M. Bishop, 'A fragment in Northumbrian uncial' Scriptorium 8 (1954) 111–113.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1985.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1985.jpg 1986,1835,"Early Half-Uncial",V²,451,500,S,1683,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. The papyrus is palaeographically important since it contains on the last page of the glossary an alphabet in uncial and, except **d** and **y**, all the letters, even **q**, are kept between two lines; unfortunately the letter **a** is absent.",3,,,"Glossarium Graeco-Latinum in Epistulas Pauli (2 Cor, Gal, Eph); Paradigmata Verborum Graecorum; Alphabetum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 61873",,"Image shows one entire page of the glossary and the uncial alphabet ",,,"Script is rapid and uncalligraphic early half-uncial: **a** is uncial, the bow is loop-shaped and the stem is slightly curved; **c** rises above the line, as does **e**; **Ᵹ** mostly resembles arabic 5; **i**-longa is used indifferently passim, especially after **ꞇ**, extending above and below the line; **i** after **f** and **l** is pendant, as in later Latin cursive; **N** is regularly capital, and the first upright goes below the line as in the Livy Epitome (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526)); **o** is often shrunk, as in Greek; the bow of **p** is decidedly small; the shoulder of **r** is high. The Latin seems influenced by the Greek, the scribe apparently more at home with Greek than with Latin; there is some resemblance to the Barcelona papyrus (CLA [12.1782](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2088)). ","☛Wouters, The Chester Beatty codex AC 1499 p. 37–62, 115–147.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1986,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1986,"Script is rapid and uncalligraphic early half-uncial: a is uncial, the bow is loop-shaped and the stem is slightly curved; c rises above the line, as does e; Ᵹ mostly resembles arabic 5; i-longa is used indifferently passim, especially after ꞇ, extending above and below the line; i after f and l is pendant, as in later Latin cursive; N is regularly capital, and the first upright goes below the line as in the Livy Epitome (CLA 2.208); o is often shrunk, as in Greek; the bow of p is decidedly small; the shoulder of r is high. The Latin seems influenced by the Greek, the scribe apparently more at home with Greek than with Latin; there is some resemblance to the Barcelona papyrus (CLA 12.1782).
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. The papyrus is palaeographically important since it contains on the last page of the glossary an alphabet in uncial and, except d and y, all the letters, even q, are kept between two lines; unfortunately the letter a is absent.
","☛Wouters, The Chester Beatty codex AC 1499 p. 37–62, 115–147.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1986.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1986.jpg 1987,1836,"Early Irish Minuscule",VII,601,700,S,1684,"Written in Ireland. This Bog-book is a unique phenomenon to which it is difficult to assign a place in the development of Irish script. It is manifestly akin to the [Ussher Gospels](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590) referred to above. It was found in the 'Springmount Bog' near Clough, Co. Antrim, Ireland. Purchased by the National Museum in 1914.",,54.9666628,-6.2833322,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Ps 30–32).","Wax Tablet","Springmount Bog Tablets.",,"TM 67851",,"tablet 3v",,,"The script, by an inexpert hand, represents an eclectic minuscule with definite Irish features and with echoes of the quarter-uncial seen in such manuscripts as the Naples Sacerdos (CLA [3.398](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/736)): **a** is closed and often pinched at the top; **c** mostly rises above the line, its two strokes meeting at an angle; the bows of **d**, **p**, and **q** are often inflated, a characteristically Irish feature; the tail of **Ᵹ** swings boldly to the right; **i**-longa, extending either above or below the line, is used indiscriminately, even in mid-word and especially after **t**; particularly worthy of attention is the exaggerated size of the capital form of **N** with its sagging, sinuous oblique stroke, seen also in the Irish Codex 'Usserianus Primus' (CLA [2.271](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/590)); the stem of **r** is short and the shoulder high; the form of **u** often consists of two unjoined down-strokes; ascenders here and there have an incipient loop; ligatures include **te**, **ec**, and **et**.",,,1,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1987,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1987,"The script, by an inexpert hand, represents an eclectic minuscule with definite Irish features and with echoes of the quarter-uncial seen in such manuscripts as the Naples Sacerdos (CLA 3.398): a is closed and often pinched at the top; c mostly rises above the line, its two strokes meeting at an angle; the bows of d, p, and q are often inflated, a characteristically Irish feature; the tail of Ᵹ swings boldly to the right; i-longa, extending either above or below the line, is used indiscriminately, even in mid-word and especially after t; particularly worthy of attention is the exaggerated size of the capital form of N with its sagging, sinuous oblique stroke, seen also in the Irish Codex 'Usserianus Primus' (CLA 2.271); the stem of r is short and the shoulder high; the form of u often consists of two unjoined down-strokes; ascenders here and there have an incipient loop; ligatures include te, ec, and et.
","Written in Ireland. This Bog-book is a unique phenomenon to which it is difficult to assign a place in the development of Irish script. It is manifestly akin to the Ussher Gospels referred to above. It was found in the 'Springmount Bog' near Clough, Co. Antrim, Ireland. Purchased by the National Museum in 1914.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1987.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1987.jpg 1988,1837,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1685,"Written probably in Werden, possibly in England. The surviving leaves come from Werden. The leaf containing Iudic. 10.7–11.26, formerly belonging to the library of Schloss Arenfels, is still to be located.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Octateuchus (Vulgata, Gn, Ex, Lv, Nm, Dt, Ios, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67852",,"Image from the verso of a Düsseldorf leaf ",,,"Script of the main hand is finely-penned, compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders, somehow lacking the typical Anglo-Saxon verve: the normal Anglo-Saxon minuscule **a** is often left open at the top; **d** is the rule with **ꝺ** occurring; the shafts of larger tall letters at the beginning of sentences have a tendency to buckle. It is to be noted that the script of two leaves from the beginning of Genesis is more akin to that of Berlin MS [Theol. lat. fol. 366](http://bilder.manuscripta-mediaevalia.de/hs//katalogseiten/HSK0704_b0052_jpg.htm), another Anglo-Saxon manuscript from Werden (not included in CLA). Small corrections in Caroline minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1061. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1988,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1988,"Script of the main hand is finely-penned, compressed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders, somehow lacking the typical Anglo-Saxon verve: the normal Anglo-Saxon minuscule a is often left open at the top; d is the rule with ꝺ occurring; the shafts of larger tall letters at the beginning of sentences have a tendency to buckle. It is to be noted that the script of two leaves from the beginning of Genesis is more akin to that of Berlin MS Theol. lat. fol. 366, another Anglo-Saxon manuscript from Werden (not included in CLA). Small corrections in Caroline minuscule.
","Written probably in Werden, possibly in England. The surviving leaves come from Werden. The leaf containing Iudic. 10.7–11.26, formerly belonging to the library of Schloss Arenfels, is still to be located.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1061.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1988.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1988.jpg 1989,1838,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1686,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably in Germany. Early in the sixteenth century the fragment was used as a jacket for the account of a lepers' house which probably depended from the abbey of Werden; see the entry on the recto: 'Wenemar peters rekenschop van den armen leprosen 1523'.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Isaiam (14–15, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67853",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is compressed and graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** has two forms; **Ᵹ** has a protruding chest; **i**-longa is used initially and medially; ascenders are wedged or club-shaped; ligatures are few and include **ei** and **si** in the form used for **fi** in other scripts. Black Insular majuscule is seen at the opening of Book 15. Small corrections in Caroline minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1072.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1989,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1989,"Script is compressed and graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a has two forms; Ᵹ has a protruding chest; i-longa is used initially and medially; ascenders are wedged or club-shaped; ligatures are few and include ei and si in the form used for fi in other scripts. Black Insular majuscule is seen at the opening of Book 15. Small corrections in Caroline minuscule.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, probably in Germany. Early in the sixteenth century the fragment was used as a jacket for the account of a lepers' house which probably depended from the abbey of Werden; see the entry on the recto: 'Wenemar peters rekenschop van den armen leprosen 1523'.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1072.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1989.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1989.jpg 1990,1839,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1687,"Written in England and most likely in Northumbria to judge by the script. The fragments come from the monastery of Werden.",,,,"Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos (7.41.10, 42.13, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67854",,"Image shows Lib. III, 15, 2-3",,,"Script is bold Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is mostly open, occasionally it is also closed by an added third stroke; **d** has two forms; ligatures are not infrequent, e.g. **nt** with pendant **t**, **sti**, **ti**, **tio**. Small contemporary glosses. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. X. Here and there post-medieval scribbles and transcriptions.","☛Removed from PrTh I 130. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Hs. Z 4/2. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek M 041. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Pr. th. I.130.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1990,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1990,"Script is bold Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is mostly open, occasionally it is also closed by an added third stroke; d has two forms; ligatures are not infrequent, e.g. nt with pendant t, sti, ti, tio. Small contemporary glosses. Corrections in Caroline minuscule saec. X. Here and there post-medieval scribbles and transcriptions.
","Written in England and most likely in Northumbria to judge by the script. The fragments come from the monastery of Werden.
","☛Removed from PrTh I 130. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Hs. Z 4/2. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek M 041. ☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Pr. th. I.130.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1990.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1990.jpg 1991,1840,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1688,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, presumably in Germany. The fragment served as jacket to an account towards the end of the sixteenth century; cf. the entry 'Des haues (?) Vehusen Vascht Beden Register'. It came from the monastery of Werden to which Viehausen belonged.",,,,"Beda, Homiliae (1.8, 10.1–end).",Parchment,,,"TM 67855",,"Image from a verso ",,,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: the top of **a** is distinctly pointed; **d** has two forms; **i**-longa occurs initially; an elongated round **s** occurs at line-end; descenders are long and tend to lean slightly to the right.","☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek StAD Z 4 Nr. 8.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1991,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1991,"Script is pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule: the top of a is distinctly pointed; d has two forms; i-longa occurs initially; an elongated round s occurs at line-end; descenders are long and tend to lean slightly to the right.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre, presumably in Germany. The fragment served as jacket to an account towards the end of the sixteenth century; cf. the entry 'Des haues (?) Vehusen Vascht Beden Register'. It came from the monastery of Werden to which Viehausen belonged.
","☛Formerly Düsseldorf, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek StAD Z 4 Nr. 8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1991.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1991.jpg 1992,1841,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1689,"Written presumably in England. In the Middle Ages our manuscript formed part of a volume which included Edinburgh Adv. MSS 18. 6. 12 and 18. 7. 7. Belonged to the abbey of Thorney (cf. the ex-libris 'saec. XIII' on fol. 1v of 18. 7. 8 and on fol. 1 of 18. 6. 12) and acquired later by Henry Savile of Banke.",,,,"Augustinus, De Trinitate.",Parchment,,,"TM 67856",,"fol. 16 ",,,"Script is broad, somewhat awkward Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **d** has the minuscule form; **n** is mostly minuscule, **S** mostly majuscule; **r** has two forms, the minuscule predominating and easily mistaken for **n**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1992,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1992,"Script is broad, somewhat awkward Anglo-Saxon majuscule: d has the minuscule form; n is mostly minuscule, S mostly majuscule; r has two forms, the minuscule predominating and easily mistaken for n.
","Written presumably in England. In the Middle Ages our manuscript formed part of a volume which included Edinburgh Adv. MSS 18. 6. 12 and 18. 7. 7. Belonged to the abbey of Thorney (cf. the ex-libris 'saec. XIII' on fol. 1v of 18. 7. 8 and on fol. 1 of 18. 6. 12) and acquired later by Henry Savile of Banke.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1992.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1992.jpg 1993,1842,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1690,"Written apparently in England, to judge by palaeographical considerations. It is probable that folios 3 and 6, 17 and 22, 26 and 29 of Edinburgh MS Adv. 18. 6. 12 formed part of our manuscript: they have the same written space area. For provenance see the [preceding item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1992).",,,,"Passio S Laurentii.",Parchment,,,"TM 67857",,"fol. 22 ",,,"Script is graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **d** has two forms; **i**-longa occurs initially; the **ti** ligature resembles **q** with suprascript **i**; suprascript **u** and subscript letters frequent (in **ui**, **ni**, **fi**, **nt**); **m** written sideways on the line at line-end.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1993,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1993,"Script is graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule: d has two forms; i-longa occurs initially; the ti ligature resembles q with suprascript i; suprascript u and subscript letters frequent (in ui, ni, fi, nt); m written sideways on the line at line-end.
","Written apparently in England, to judge by palaeographical considerations. It is probable that folios 3 and 6, 17 and 22, 26 and 29 of Edinburgh MS Adv. 18. 6. 12 formed part of our manuscript: they have the same written space area. For provenance see the preceding item.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1993.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1993.jpg 1994,1843,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1691,"Written apparently in England, to judge by the script. For provenance see CLA [12.1689](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1992).",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.19, 20).",Parchment,,,"TM 67858",,"fol. 26v ",,,"Script is fairly expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the Northumbrian type with descenders ending in hair-lines.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1994,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1994,"Script is fairly expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the Northumbrian type with descenders ending in hair-lines.
","Written apparently in England, to judge by the script. For provenance see CLA 12.1689.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1994.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1994.jpg 1995,1844,"Alemannic Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1692,"Written in the Alemannic area. The offsets of the lost strips are seen in the binding of the printed book B 214a (Epistolae B. Pauli, ed. J. Faber Stapulensis, Paris, 1512).",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Ex 16, Nm 23–25).",Parchment,,,"TM 67859",,"Image shows the entire larger strip ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is closer to Alemannic than to Rhaetian script: **oc** **a** is used more often than **a**; **d** has two forms; in one hand the shaft of **h** has a tendency to curve; the top of **ꞇ** often curves down at the left, almost touching the base-line; **y** is short and undotted; ligatures are rather few and include **ri** and **nt** in mid-word.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1995,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1995,"Script, by more than one hand, is closer to Alemannic than to Rhaetian script: oc a is used more often than a; d has two forms; in one hand the shaft of h has a tendency to curve; the top of ꞇ often curves down at the left, almost touching the base-line; y is short and undotted; ligatures are rather few and include ri and nt in mid-word.
","Written in the Alemannic area. The offsets of the lost strips are seen in the binding of the printed book B 214a (Epistolae B. Pauli, ed. J. Faber Stapulensis, Paris, 1512).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1995.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1995.jpg 1996,1845,"Mixed Capital",II¹,101,150,S,1693,"Origin presumably Egypt. It is hard to see why Latin letters were used for a Greek text, unless for or by persons who understood spoken but not written Greek.",,,,"Ps- Callisthenes, Historia Alexandri Magni (3.6).",Papyrus,,,"TM 63240",,"Image shows fragments a and c above; b, d, and e below; the smallest scrap is unidentified",,,"Script is expert calligraphic 'Capitalis' nearest to 'Rustica': the bow of **A** is distinctly pointed; **L** is hook-shaped; the oblique of **N** rises above the line; the upper end of **S** is either an oblique stroke or barely indicated. The verso of the three largest fragments contains a few cancelled letters, accounts of much later date, and some other traces of writing (teste Vitelli).","☛PSI 7 743. ",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1996,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1996,"Script is expert calligraphic 'Capitalis' nearest to 'Rustica': the bow of A is distinctly pointed; L is hook-shaped; the oblique of N rises above the line; the upper end of S is either an oblique stroke or barely indicated. The verso of the three largest fragments contains a few cancelled letters, accounts of much later date, and some other traces of writing (teste Vitelli).
","Origin presumably Egypt. It is hard to see why Latin letters were used for a Greek text, unless for or by persons who understood spoken but not written Greek.
","☛PSI 7 743.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1996.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1996.jpg 1997,1847,"Rustic Capital",IV,301,400,S,1694,"Origin uncertain, probably a centre where Greek was the familiar language. Found at Antinoë. Our fragment, along with that of the St John's Gospel in Aberdeen, is one of the very few Christian texts in Rustic Capital, a rarity in Latin script.",0,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistula Pauli (Vetus Latina, Eph 6.5–6, 11–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 61867",,"Image shows both the Latin and the Greek sides",,,"A parchment strip containing the Old Latin version of Ephesians 6.5–6 on the recto and Ephesians 6.11–2 in Greek on the verso. Script, by a somewhat inexpert scribe, is broadish Rustic capital not of the oldest type: the failure to space properly suggests that the scribe hardly understood what he was copying (e.g. **NO N**); the form of the **O** in the Greek conforms to the Latin norm, whereas the proper distinction is made between the Greek and Latin **N**.","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow D. Minutoli, Anal. Pap. 26 (2014), p. 96. ☛PSI [XIII 1306](http://www.psi-online.it/documents/psi;13;1306). ☛Cavenaile, CPL 51.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1997,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1997,"A parchment strip containing the Old Latin version of Ephesians 6.5–6 on the recto and Ephesians 6.11–2 in Greek on the verso. Script, by a somewhat inexpert scribe, is broadish Rustic capital not of the oldest type: the failure to space properly suggests that the scribe hardly understood what he was copying (e.g. NO N); the form of the O in the Greek conforms to the Latin norm, whereas the proper distinction is made between the Greek and Latin N.
","Origin uncertain, probably a centre where Greek was the familiar language. Found at Antinoë. Our fragment, along with that of the St John's Gospel in Aberdeen, is one of the very few Christian texts in Rustic Capital, a rarity in Latin script.
","☛CLA date (IV–V) changed to follow D. Minutoli, Anal. Pap. 26 (2014), p. 96. ☛PSI XIII 1306. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 51.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1997.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1997.jpg 1998,1848,Capital,I,1,100,S,1695,"Written doubtless in Egypt. The recto contains a Latin military text concerning a Roman legion in Egypt which, according to expert opinion, may be assigned on the basis of its content to the first half of the first century AD, a date which confirms our judgment of the verso.",,,,"Exercitatio Scribendi (Vergilius, Aeneis?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62947",,"Image from the verso ",,,"A single mutilated papyrus fragment, now measuring 185 X 240 mm.; several letters from two identical lines and three letters from a third line survive on the lower half of the fragment. The bold, expert lettering of the two lines of Latin, resembling Pompeian mural inscriptions, suggests a date of the first century; the Greek line (above the Latin in the original) likewise shows similarity to the Latin Pompeian electoral signs.","☛PSI 13 1307 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 61. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 29. ☛Text on recto: PSI 13 1307 Ro (ChLA 25 786. Cavenaile, CPL 108).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1998,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1998,"A single mutilated papyrus fragment, now measuring 185 X 240 mm.; several letters from two identical lines and three letters from a third line survive on the lower half of the fragment. The bold, expert lettering of the two lines of Latin, resembling Pompeian mural inscriptions, suggests a date of the first century; the Greek line (above the Latin in the original) likewise shows similarity to the Latin Pompeian electoral signs.
","Written doubtless in Egypt. The recto contains a Latin military text concerning a Roman legion in Egypt which, according to expert opinion, may be assigned on the basis of its content to the first half of the first century AD, a date which confirms our judgment of the verso.
","☛PSI 13 1307 Vo. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 61. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 29. ☛Text on recto: PSI 13 1307 Ro (ChLA 25 786. Cavenaile, CPL 108).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1998.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1998.jpg 1999,1849,Uncial,VI²,537,600,S,1696,"Written probably at Byzantium or some other important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Antinoë in 1937. Now preserved in the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities in Cairo.",,,,"Iustinianus, Novellae 62 = Authenticum 64.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64707",,"Image shows the verso ",,,"Script is roundish uncial and seems to be an early example of the distinct type of which the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) is the most noted representative and which is also found in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA [12.1723](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)): the bow of **A** is rounded; **R** has the characteristic form with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke almost horizontal.","☛CLA date change from saec. V, cf. Drinkwater / Salway; S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 86. ☛Formarly Florence, Laurenziana P.S.I. 1346.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/1999,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1999,"Script is roundish uncial and seems to be an early example of the distinct type of which the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) is the most noted representative and which is also found in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA 12.1723): the bow of A is rounded; R has the characteristic form with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke almost horizontal.
","Written probably at Byzantium or some other important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Antinoë in 1937. Now preserved in the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities in Cairo.
","☛CLA date change from saec. V, cf. Drinkwater / Salway; S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 86. ☛Formarly Florence, Laurenziana P.S.I. 1346.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/1999.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/1999.jpg 2000,1850,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1697,"Origin doubtless some important legal centre and probably Berytos.",,,,"Ulpianus, Ad Edictum (32).",Parchment,,,"TM 62939",,"Image shows the entire fragment, recto and verso ",,,"Script is sloping, calligraphic early half-uncial with some resemblance to the Berlin legal manuscript, De Iudiciis (CLA [8.1033](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1491)): **A** with the pointed bow occurs; the hasta of **e** ends in a thickening; **G** is uncial and has a fine, small tail; **L** goes below the line; **N** is broad, its oblique thin; **o** is shrunk; **s** has the uncial form; the top of **ꞇ** is unusually thin, long, and somewhat ticked at both ends. To be compared with CLA [2.248](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567), [8.1039](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1498), [8.1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), [10.**1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136), and [10.1577](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/305), all also legal texts on parchment. Two Greek scholia are entered in the margin on the recto.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2000,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2000,"Script is sloping, calligraphic early half-uncial with some resemblance to the Berlin legal manuscript, De Iudiciis (CLA 8.1033): A with the pointed bow occurs; the hasta of e ends in a thickening; G is uncial and has a fine, small tail; L goes below the line; N is broad, its oblique thin; o is shrunk; s has the uncial form; the top of ꞇ is unusually thin, long, and somewhat ticked at both ends. To be compared with CLA 2.248, 8.1039, 8.1042, 10.**1042, and 10.1577, all also legal texts on parchment. Two Greek scholia are entered in the margin on the recto.
","Origin doubtless some important legal centre and probably Berytos.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2000.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2000.jpg 2001,1851,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1698,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum (1.5, 3.17–18).",Parchment,,,"TM 67860",,"Marburg fol. 1 ",,,"Script, by more than one hand, is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with theta-shaped **e** and long descenders: **a** has two forms; **c** with pendant **i** could be mistaken for **q**; **ꝺ** seems consistently uncial; the form of **Ᵹ** has a protruding chest and resembles the Arabic numeral 3; **i**-longa occurs here and there initially; many ascenders are club-shaped, a sign of Continental influence. This type, or something similar to it, is seen in the fragments of Jerome's Letters in Marburg and Cambridge (Mass.) and in other manuscripts including the anonymous commentary on Matthew in the Fulda Priesterseminar and formerly also in Dresden (CLA [2.146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/459) and [12.••146](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1964), [8.1181](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1655), [1731](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2036) and [1732](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2037)). Small corrections in Caroline minuscule ca. saec. X. Small post-medieval scribbles.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 280 no. 1333.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2001,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2001,"Script, by more than one hand, is expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with theta-shaped e and long descenders: a has two forms; c with pendant i could be mistaken for q; ꝺ seems consistently uncial; the form of Ᵹ has a protruding chest and resembles the Arabic numeral 3; i-longa occurs here and there initially; many ascenders are club-shaped, a sign of Continental influence. This type, or something similar to it, is seen in the fragments of Jerome's Letters in Marburg and Cambridge (Mass.) and in other manuscripts including the anonymous commentary on Matthew in the Fulda Priesterseminar and formerly also in Dresden (CLA 2.146 and 12.••146, 8.1181, 1731 and 1732). Small corrections in Caroline minuscule ca. saec. X. Small post-medieval scribbles.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 p. 280 no. 1333.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2001.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2001.jpg 2002,1854,Uncial,VII,601,700,S,1699,"Written probably in Italy. Nothing is known of the history of the fragment before it entered the Culemann collection.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc 12.27–33, 34–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 67861",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script seems by an unsure hand, as if unaccustomed to writing uncial: the letters **B**, **ꝺ**, **E**, and **S** are poorly formed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2002,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2002,"Script seems by an unsure hand, as if unaccustomed to writing uncial: the letters B, ꝺ, E, and S are poorly formed.
","Written probably in Italy. Nothing is known of the history of the fragment before it entered the Culemann collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2002.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2002.jpg 2003,1856,"Merovingian Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,S,1700,"Written presumably in the Luxeuil area, as the script suggests. Nothing is known about the history of the fragment before it came into the possession of Culemann.",,,,"Ps- Hieronymus, Breviarium in Psalmos (Ps 9.11–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 67862",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a calligraphic Merovingian minuscule akin to the Luxeuil and a-z types, but lacking the numerous ligatures of the first and the characteristic angularity of the second: **a** has the angular form found in the a-z type; the forms of **f**, **Ᵹ**, and **ꞇ**: smack of Insular; **i**-longa occurs initially; **o** has a horn and connects with a tag to a following tall letter; **q** is often open; ascenders are long.","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 4. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: uses Insular flat-topped **g**.",,,,21,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2003,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2003,"Script is a calligraphic Merovingian minuscule akin to the Luxeuil and a-z types, but lacking the numerous ligatures of the first and the characteristic angularity of the second: a has the angular form found in the a-z type; the forms of f, Ᵹ, and ꞇ: smack of Insular; i-longa occurs initially; o has a horn and connects with a tag to a following tall letter; q is often open; ascenders are long.
","Written presumably in the Luxeuil area, as the script suggests. Nothing is known about the history of the fragment before it came into the possession of Culemann.
","☛Tewes, Luxueil No. 4. ☛Ganz, Luxeuil: uses Insular flat-topped g.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2003.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2003.jpg 2004,1859,Cursive,IV–V,301,500,S,1701,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The scarcely legible words on the papyrological recto have been deciphered by experts as λοιποί παραχωρ[.",3,,,"Exercitatio Scribendi.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64576",,"Image shows the papyrological verso ",,,"Script, written across the fibres, is later Roman cursive, more properly semi-cursive, a good specimen of its kind, though a writing exercise: **a** is made without lifting the pen, the two branches like filled-in loops; **c** rises well above the line; **e** with the detached upper curve and hasta resembling small c occurs—as in Greek; **g**, **m**, **n**, and **s** approach the half-uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2004,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2004,"Script, written across the fibres, is later Roman cursive, more properly semi-cursive, a good specimen of its kind, though a writing exercise: a is made without lifting the pen, the two branches like filled-in loops; c rises well above the line; e with the detached upper curve and hasta resembling small c occurs—as in Greek; g, m, n, and s approach the half-uncial.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The scarcely legible words on the papyrological recto have been deciphered by experts as λοιποί παραχωρ[.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2004.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2004.jpg 2005,1860,"Caroline Minuscule",IX,801,900,S,1702,"Origin doubtless the Palace School, as artistic and palaeographical considerations suggest, thus connecting it with the Ada-group (see CLA 6, p. xxvii). Our fragment was cut out and pasted on the bottom of the last page of a volume formerly belonging to Sir Robert Cotton (1571–1631) and now in the British Museum.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 1.1). ",Parchment,,,"TM 67863",,"Entire visible side is shown",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?index=8&ref=Cotton_MS_Claudius_B_V,"Script is excellent Caroline minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2419. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 21.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2005,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2005,"Script is excellent Caroline minuscule.
","Origin doubtless the Palace School, as artistic and palaeographical considerations suggest, thus connecting it with the Ada-group (see CLA 6, p. xxvii). Our fragment was cut out and pasted on the bottom of the last page of a volume formerly belonging to Sir Robert Cotton (1571–1631) and now in the British Museum.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2419. ☛McGurk, Gospel books no. 21.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2005.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2005.jpg 2006,1861,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S,1703,"Written in Northumbria, probably at the abbey of Wearmouth-Jarrow, as indicated by the uncial used on fol. 46v and by its similarity in script, in manner of indicating citations, and in decoration, to the St Petersburg Bede (CLA [11.1621](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/378)), a manuscript of such close textual affinities that it seems likely to have been the exemplar of our codex. Suffered much from the fire of 1731 in Sir Robert Cotton's library.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67864",,"foll. 37v and 46v ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_XIV,"Script is calligraphic, pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by a master scribe, altogether an artistic performance: **c** before **o** at the beginning of a word is often tall; **ꝺ** is uniformly uncial; **Ᵹ** is slender and descends considerably below the line; **i**-longa is frequent at the beginning of words; the final stroke of **m** at word-end sweeps below the line in a slight curve; descenders are long; ligatures include forms with subscript **a**, **i**, and **t**. One-word summaries, notes of various dates, and Latin rubrics in Anglo-Saxon letters added in the margins.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2006,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2006,"Script is calligraphic, pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule by a master scribe, altogether an artistic performance: c before o at the beginning of a word is often tall; ꝺ is uniformly uncial; Ᵹ is slender and descends considerably below the line; i-longa is frequent at the beginning of words; the final stroke of m at word-end sweeps below the line in a slight curve; descenders are long; ligatures include forms with subscript a, i, and t. One-word summaries, notes of various dates, and Latin rubrics in Anglo-Saxon letters added in the margins.
","Written in Northumbria, probably at the abbey of Wearmouth-Jarrow, as indicated by the uncial used on fol. 46v and by its similarity in script, in manner of indicating citations, and in decoration, to the St Petersburg Bede (CLA 11.1621), a manuscript of such close textual affinities that it seems likely to have been the exemplar of our codex. Suffered much from the fire of 1731 in Sir Robert Cotton's library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2006.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2006.jpg 2007,1862,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,S,1704,"Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting around the year 900 or shortly after, probably in Brittany, as suggested by the upper script and Breton glosses. The actual manuscript belonged to the abbey of Jumièges, near Rouen, in the twelfth century (cf. the ex-libris on fol. 265v).",3,,,"Hieronymus, Chronicon (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67865",,"fol. 134 ",,http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Harley_MS_3941,"Script is well-formed uncial of not quite the oldest type: the eye of **E** is closed; the bow of **q** is rather well developed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2007,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2007,"Script is well-formed uncial of not quite the oldest type: the eye of E is closed; the bow of q is rather well developed.
","Written presumably in Italy. Used for rewriting around the year 900 or shortly after, probably in Brittany, as suggested by the upper script and Breton glosses. The actual manuscript belonged to the abbey of Jumièges, near Rouen, in the twelfth century (cf. the ex-libris on fol. 265v).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2007.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2007.jpg 2009,1863,"Half-Uncial and Rustic Capital",IV–V,301,500,S,1705,"Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë and now deposited in the British Museum.",0,,,Abecedaria.,Papyrus,,,"TM 64602",,"Image shows the two Latin alphabets and the Greek transliterations ",,,"The half-uncial shows the uncial form of **A** with the bow markedly long and compressed; the hastas of both **e** and **f** are curved; the oblique of **N** is sinuous, resembling a reversed s; the shoulder of **r** is high and wavy; the stem of **ꞇ** resembles a c and its top is straight and unattached. The Rustic alphabet is remarkable for its sinuous serifs: likewise sinuous are the horizontals of **E**, **F**, and **H**; the tail of **G** resembles an oblique s reversed; the bow of **P** is very small; the upright of **R** descends below the line; the stem of **Y** rests on the line and the branches curve out. Over each half-uncial letter is superposed its Greek name, and the Greek consonants not found in the Latin alphabet are transliterated below the lines in 'Capitalis Rustica'.","☛AfP 45 (1999), p. 32–38 (Kramer, Johannes (Jan); 1999; transcription, only Vo). ☛ChLA 4 259 Cavenaile, CPL 58 Milne, Greek shorthand manuals p. 7–9 & 70 no. Antinoë 1 fr. 1.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2009,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2009,"The half-uncial shows the uncial form of A with the bow markedly long and compressed; the hastas of both e and f are curved; the oblique of N is sinuous, resembling a reversed s; the shoulder of r is high and wavy; the stem of ꞇ resembles a c and its top is straight and unattached. The Rustic alphabet is remarkable for its sinuous serifs: likewise sinuous are the horizontals of E, F, and H; the tail of G resembles an oblique s reversed; the bow of P is very small; the upright of R descends below the line; the stem of Y rests on the line and the branches curve out. Over each half-uncial letter is superposed its Greek name, and the Greek consonants not found in the Latin alphabet are transliterated below the lines in 'Capitalis Rustica'.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë and now deposited in the British Museum.
","☛AfP 45 (1999), p. 32–38 (Kramer, Johannes (Jan); 1999; transcription, only Vo). ☛ChLA 4 259 Cavenaile, CPL 58 Milne, Greek shorthand manuals p. 7–9 & 70 no. Antinoë 1 fr. 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2009.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2009.jpg 2010,1864,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,S,1706,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Found at Antinoë and now in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford.",0,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vetus Latina, Est 4.1, 4–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 62089",,"Both sides of the fragment shown ",,,"Script is a handsome uncial of not quite the oldest type, to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 1073 (CLA [2.209](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/527)): the bow of **A** is pointed; the hasta of **E** is unusually high with the eye now closed, now open; the foot of **L** is squarish; the top of **T** is small.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2010,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2010,"Script is a handsome uncial of not quite the oldest type, to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 1073 (CLA 2.209): the bow of A is pointed; the hasta of E is unusually high with the eye now closed, now open; the foot of L is squarish; the top of T is small.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Found at Antinoë and now in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2010.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2010.jpg 2011,1865,D-Uncial,IV,301,400,S,1707,"Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë.",0,,,"Ulpianus, Ad Edictum (22).",Parchment,,,"TM 62940",,"Image shows both sides of the entire fragment",,,"Script is small and carefully written uncial, to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2089 (CLA [12.1715](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2020)): the thick vertical strokes contrast sharply with the fine horizontal strokes; **d** has the half-uncial form; the bows of **d** and **q** are large and squarish, those of **P** and **R** tiny; the middle stroke of **N** is a sagging hair-line; the first stroke of **R** goes below the line and the final stroke is nearly horizontal; **S** has an ancient form with the two ends very thin; the top of **T** thickens on the upper left and on the lower right end; perhaps a forerunner of the B-R type.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 76–7. ☛M. Giusto, SDHI 71 (2005) p. 457–73. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 507 no. 2979.",,,,20,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2011,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2011,"Script is small and carefully written uncial, to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2089 (CLA 12.1715): the thick vertical strokes contrast sharply with the fine horizontal strokes; d has the half-uncial form; the bows of d and q are large and squarish, those of P and R tiny; the middle stroke of N is a sagging hair-line; the first stroke of R goes below the line and the final stroke is nearly horizontal; S has an ancient form with the two ends very thin; the top of T thickens on the upper left and on the lower right end; perhaps a forerunner of the B-R type.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 76–7. ☛M. Giusto, SDHI 71 (2005) p. 457–73. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 507 no. 2979.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2011.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2011.jpg 2012,1866,"b-d Uncial and Mixed Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,S,1708,"Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë. Its stately calligraphy and generous margins speak for the volume's being an importation, perhaps from Syria, the home of the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana with which it has features in common.",0,,,"Vergilius, Georgica (2.527–542, 3.1–25).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62956",,"Image shows the verso and recto of fragment c ",,,"Script of the main text, written with a broad pen, is a stately b-d uncial with half-uncial marginalia, the uncial letters appear longish, owing to shaded uprights; the bow of **A** is shallow and mostly pendant; the bows of **b**, **d**, and **q** are very full, that of **p** is rather small; **G** has a small tail; **L** goes below the line with its foot extending horizontally beneath the next letter—a cursive vestige; **m** is rectangular; the oblique of **N** is thin and not truly diagonal; the letter is narrow and its first upright is longish; the horizontal of **ꞇ** thickens at both ends. The script of the commentary is essentially the same as that of the text and might be described as its 'lower case' with these differences, that the **ꞅ** has the half-uncial form and the foot of **L** descends obliquely below the line: the first upright of **N** goes below the line as in the Livy Epitome (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/526) and [12.**208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/1968)); square-shouldered **r** goes well below the line. To be compared with the Virgil in Manchester, Milan, and Cairo (CLA [2.227](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/545), [3.367](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/705), and [10.**227](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie//catalogue/151)).",,3,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2012,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2012,"Script of the main text, written with a broad pen, is a stately b-d uncial with half-uncial marginalia, the uncial letters appear longish, owing to shaded uprights; the bow of A is shallow and mostly pendant; the bows of b, d, and q are very full, that of p is rather small; G has a small tail; L goes below the line with its foot extending horizontally beneath the next letter—a cursive vestige; m is rectangular; the oblique of N is thin and not truly diagonal; the letter is narrow and its first upright is longish; the horizontal of ꞇ thickens at both ends. The script of the commentary is essentially the same as that of the text and might be described as its 'lower case' with these differences, that the ꞅ has the half-uncial form and the foot of L descends obliquely below the line: the first upright of N goes below the line as in the Livy Epitome (CLA 2.208 and 12.**208); square-shouldered r goes well below the line. To be compared with the Virgil in Manchester, Milan, and Cairo (CLA 2.227, 3.367, and 10.**227).
","Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë. Its stately calligraphy and generous margins speak for the volume's being an importation, perhaps from Syria, the home of the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana with which it has features in common.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2012.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2012.jpg 2014,1867,"Rustic Capital",IV,301,400,S,1709,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Found at Antinoë.",3,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (12.762–65, 786–90).",Parchment,,,"TM 62961",,"Image from the legible recto ",,,"Script is Rustic capital, to be compared with the 'Codex Vaticanus’ (CLA [1.11](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/14)): **A** is unbarred; the tail of **G** apparently turns in, that of **Q** is short and almost on the line; cup-shaped **U** occurs; the ligature **UNT** occurs at line-end.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 27 (date V).",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2014,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2014,"Script is Rustic capital, to be compared with the 'Codex Vaticanus’ (CLA 1.11): A is unbarred; the tail of G apparently turns in, that of Q is short and almost on the line; cup-shaped U occurs; the ligature UNT occurs at line-end.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy. Found at Antinoë.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 27 (date V).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2014.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2014.jpg 2015,1868,Uncial,V–VI,401,600,S,1710,"Written presumably in Byzantium, to judge by resemblances to the Florentine Justinian Digests. Found at Antinoë.",,,,"Iuvenalis, Satirae (7.149–198), with Latin and Greek scholia and glosses.",Parchment,,,"TM 61415",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script, which leans slightly to the left, is small graceful uncial of the distinct type characterized by the forms of **B** and **R** and seen mostly in legal manuscripts (see CLA [12.1723](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)); the most noted representative of the type is the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)); **A** has a rounded bow; **B** rises above the line; noteworthy is the form of **G** with the tail descending to the left ending in a slight turn to the right, a feature seen in the above-mentioned Digests and in the Gaius leaves in Florence (CLA [3.292](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624)); the upright of **R** goes below the line, the bow is large, and the final stroke is almost horizontal; the upright of **T** resembles a shallow C, and often only the left side of the top is seen. Numerous marginal and interlinear notes by several hands, mostly contemporary, in both Greek and Latin.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 95–96. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 479–490 no. 2925. ☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG), p. 482–498. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society Pap. Ant. without number. ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2015,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2015,"Script, which leans slightly to the left, is small graceful uncial of the distinct type characterized by the forms of B and R and seen mostly in legal manuscripts (see CLA 12.1723); the most noted representative of the type is the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295); A has a rounded bow; B rises above the line; noteworthy is the form of G with the tail descending to the left ending in a slight turn to the right, a feature seen in the above-mentioned Digests and in the Gaius leaves in Florence (CLA 3.292); the upright of R goes below the line, the bow is large, and the final stroke is almost horizontal; the upright of T resembles a shallow C, and often only the left side of the top is seen. Numerous marginal and interlinear notes by several hands, mostly contemporary, in both Greek and Latin.
","Written presumably in Byzantium, to judge by resemblances to the Florentine Justinian Digests. Found at Antinoë.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 95–96. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 479–490 no. 2925. ☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG), p. 482–498. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society Pap. Ant. without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2015.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2015.jpg 2016,1869,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,S,1711,"Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found at Antinoë.",,,,"Iustinianus, Corpus Iuris Civile.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64897",,"Image from both sides of the fragment ",,,"Script is bold, roundish uncial of the distinct type of which the most noted representative is the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and which is seen in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA [12.1723](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)); the characteristic letters are tall **B** and **R** with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke approaching the horizontal. Extensive marginalia in a much smaller and finer script by the same hand: **d**, **r**, and **ꞅ** have the half-uncial forms; the top stroke of **ꞅ** is a pronounced curve resembling a comma, a feature also occurring in one hand of the Florentine Digests referred to above and earlier in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana, in the Oxyrhynchus papyrus of Terence, and in a parchment fragment from Antinoë (CLA [8.1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), [10.**1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136), and [12.1717](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2022) and [1712](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2017)).","☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2016,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2016,"Script is bold, roundish uncial of the distinct type of which the most noted representative is the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and which is seen in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA 12.1723); the characteristic letters are tall B and R with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke approaching the horizontal. Extensive marginalia in a much smaller and finer script by the same hand: d, r, and ꞅ have the half-uncial forms; the top stroke of ꞅ is a pronounced curve resembling a comma, a feature also occurring in one hand of the Florentine Digests referred to above and earlier in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana, in the Oxyrhynchus papyrus of Terence, and in a parchment fragment from Antinoë (CLA 8.1042, 10.**1042, and 12.1717 and 1712).
","Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Found at Antinoë.
","☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2016.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2016.jpg 2017,1870,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1712,"Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë.",,,,"Sallustius, Bellum Iugurthinum (93.1, 4).",Parchment,,,"TM 62691",,"Image shows the entire fragment ",,,"Script is early half-uncial: one form of **A** has the pointed bow as in the Epitome of Livy (CLA [2.208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526) and [12.**208](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1968)); **Ᵹ** has the later half-uncial form; **i** is long after **ꞇ**; the middle stroke of **N** tends to sag; **r** is square-shouldered and goes below the line; the upper stroke of **ꞅ** resembles an oblique elongated comma, a feature also seen in the Terence papyrus, Pap. Oxy. 2401 (CLA [12.1717](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2022)), in the Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501) and [10.**1042](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)), and still retained in the sixth century by one hand of the Justinian Digests in Florence (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) for prefatory matter.","☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2017,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2017,"Script is early half-uncial: one form of A has the pointed bow as in the Epitome of Livy (CLA 2.208 and 12.**208); Ᵹ has the later half-uncial form; i is long after ꞇ; the middle stroke of N tends to sag; r is square-shouldered and goes below the line; the upper stroke of ꞅ resembles an oblique elongated comma, a feature also seen in the Terence papyrus, Pap. Oxy. 2401 (CLA 12.1717), in the Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042 and 10.**1042), and still retained in the sixth century by one hand of the Justinian Digests in Florence (CLA 3.295) for prefatory matter.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Antinoë.
","☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2017.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2017.jpg 2018,1871,Uncial,"VI¹ (529–535)",529,535,S,1713,"Written in an important centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably Byzantium. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.",,,,"Index Codicis Iustiniani Editionis Primae.",Papyrus,,,"TM 65083",,"Verso is shown ",,,"Script is roundish uncial of the type found in many legal manuscripts (CLA [3.295](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627), [4.488](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835), [9.1351](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1852), [10.1535](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/258), etc.) and is to be compared especially with CLA [3.293](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/625): the hasta of **E** is high and thin; the bow of **R** descends to the base-line and the final stroke is very short.","☛Cavenaile, CPL 101. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2018,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2018,"Script is roundish uncial of the type found in many legal manuscripts (CLA 3.295, 4.488, 9.1351, 10.1535, etc.) and is to be compared especially with CLA 3.293: the hasta of E is high and thin; the bow of R descends to the base-line and the final stroke is very short.
","Written in an important centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably Byzantium. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 101. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2018.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2018.jpg 2019,1872,Cursive,II,101,200,S,1714,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.",,,,"Opus Incertum De Servio Tullio (Cato?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 63328",,"Entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is regulated cursive of the early Roman type, probably used for inexpensive books (to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2103, CLA [12.1716](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2021)): the tail of **G** is a short stroke to the right and on the line; **i**-longa frequent, used indifferently; the middle stroke of **N** is a straight line and tops both verticals, the whole resembling Greek **π**; the bow of **q** is reduced to a line with the tail swung obliquely to the right; **u** has two forms, one broad and one v-shaped which is less frequent; thickenings at the tops of **i**, **l**, and **u**; the forms of **a**, **b**, **r**, and **s** are characteristic.","☛G. Ammanati, Materiali e discussioni per l'analisi dei testi classici 66 (2011), p. 93–119. ☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2019,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2019,"Script is regulated cursive of the early Roman type, probably used for inexpensive books (to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2103, CLA 12.1716): the tail of G is a short stroke to the right and on the line; i-longa frequent, used indifferently; the middle stroke of N is a straight line and tops both verticals, the whole resembling Greek π; the bow of q is reduced to a line with the tail swung obliquely to the right; u has two forms, one broad and one v-shaped which is less frequent; thickenings at the tops of i, l, and u; the forms of a, b, r, and s are characteristic.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.
","☛G. Ammanati, Materiali e discussioni per l'analisi dei testi classici 66 (2011), p. 93–119. ☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2019.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2019.jpg 2020,1873,"b-d Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1715,"Written probably in some important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Anteiustiniani.",Parchment,,,"TM 64531",,"Image shows the recto ",,,"Script is a well-written, smallish uncial of the b-d type, to be compared with Pap. Ant. 22, CLA [12.1707](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2011)): the thick vertical strokes contrast sharply with the thin horizontals; the bow of **A** is pointed; **b** and **d** have the half-uncial form; the bow of **d** is broad; the hasta of **E** is central with a thickening at the end; the tail of **G** is short and thick and drops straight down; **L** goes below the line and forms a right angle at the foot; **M** is broad; the oblique of **N** is a hair-line; the thick first stroke of **R** goes below the line and the final stroke is a straight oblique hair-line; the top of **T** is thin with downward thickenings at both ends.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 77. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,,,8,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2020,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2020,"Script is a well-written, smallish uncial of the b-d type, to be compared with Pap. Ant. 22, CLA 12.1707): the thick vertical strokes contrast sharply with the thin horizontals; the bow of A is pointed; b and d have the half-uncial form; the bow of d is broad; the hasta of E is central with a thickening at the end; the tail of G is short and thick and drops straight down; L goes below the line and forms a right angle at the foot; M is broad; the oblique of N is a hair-line; the thick first stroke of R goes below the line and the final stroke is a straight oblique hair-line; the top of T is thin with downward thickenings at both ends.
","Written probably in some important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 77. ☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2020.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2020.jpg 2021,1874,Cursive,II–III,101,300,S,1716,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.",,,,"Gaius, Institutiones (4.57, 68–72).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59955",,"Image from fragments 2 and 3 ",,,"Script is regular, restrained cursive of the ancient type in a hand conscious of writing a book (to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2088, CLA [12.1714](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2019)): **b** has the ancient cursive form; **e** mostly resembles an inclined v; the tail of **g** turns to the left; **i**-longa occurs often initially, also medially without significance; the foot of **l** extends downward obliquely; **m** occasionally is angular but more often is rounded and made without lifting the pen; **o** is very small; the top of **p** is a straight stroke; the tail of **q** descends to the right; the top of **t** is mostly to the left of the upright; **u** often rises above the foot line, especially when attached to the following letter.","☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2021,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2021,"Script is regular, restrained cursive of the ancient type in a hand conscious of writing a book (to be compared with Pap. Oxy. 2088, CLA 12.1714): b has the ancient cursive form; e mostly resembles an inclined v; the tail of g turns to the left; i-longa occurs often initially, also medially without significance; the foot of l extends downward obliquely; m occasionally is angular but more often is rounded and made without lifting the pen; o is very small; the top of p is a straight stroke; the tail of q descends to the right; the top of t is mostly to the left of the upright; u often rises above the foot line, especially when attached to the following letter.
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. Could not be located in 1965.
","☛Formarly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2021.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2021.jpg 2022,1875,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,S,1717,"Written probably in Egypt, to judge by the Greek symptoms (the forms of **A**, and **o**). Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Terentius, Andria (602–668, 924–950, 957–979).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62793",,"Verso of the better-preserved leaf is shown ",,,"Script is a mixture of cursive, half-uncial, and Rustic elements which might be designated early half-uncial; it is to be compared with the Greco-Latin Virgil in Manchester, Milan, and Cairo (CLA [2.227](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/545), [3.367](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/705), and [10.**227](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/151)) rather than with the Epitome of Livy (CLA [2.208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526) and [12.**208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1968)): **A** clearly shows Greek influence, is often very small, and has a curving oblique; **d**, **p**, and **q** often have small bows; **g** has two forms, one with a very small tail to the left as in early uncial, the other almost minuscule (vv. 641 and 654); **H** is Rustic capital; **L** often goes below the line as in cursive; **m** is broad; the thin middle stroke of **N** is frequently low and sagging; the influence of Greek cursive is evident in **o**, which is so compressed that it can be mistaken for **i**; **r** recalls the ancient cursive form; **ꞅ** is made in two strokes, the top stroke being a bold oblique line, now and then curving upwards as in the half-uncial parts of the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and in Pap. Ant. 154 (CLA [12.1712](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2017)).","☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2022,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2022,"Script is a mixture of cursive, half-uncial, and Rustic elements which might be designated early half-uncial; it is to be compared with the Greco-Latin Virgil in Manchester, Milan, and Cairo (CLA 2.227, 3.367, and 10.**227) rather than with the Epitome of Livy (CLA 2.208 and 12.**208): A clearly shows Greek influence, is often very small, and has a curving oblique; d, p, and q often have small bows; g has two forms, one with a very small tail to the left as in early uncial, the other almost minuscule (vv. 641 and 654); H is Rustic capital; L often goes below the line as in cursive; m is broad; the thin middle stroke of N is frequently low and sagging; the influence of Greek cursive is evident in o, which is so compressed that it can be mistaken for i; r recalls the ancient cursive form; ꞅ is made in two strokes, the top stroke being a bold oblique line, now and then curving upwards as in the half-uncial parts of the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and in Pap. Ant. 154 (CLA 12.1712).
","Written probably in Egypt, to judge by the Greek symptoms (the forms of A, and o). Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛Formerly London, Egypt Exploration Society.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2022.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2022.jpg 2023,1876,"Ancient Cursive",I,1,100,S,1718,"Origin uncertain. Found at Hawara, Egypt, in 1887. There is reason to believe, according to expert opinion, that the line repeated on the verso represents Horace, *Ars Poetica*, 78: 'Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.' (*Grammatici* quarrel and the case is still undecided)",,,,"Exercitationes Scribendi (Vergilius, Aeneis, 2.601).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62949",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is formal ancient cursive: the forms of **A** and **ꝺ** seen here are preserved in later uncial and African half-uncial (cf. CLA [12.1677](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1979)); **B** has the peculiar ancient cursive form. To be compared with the Carmen de Bello Actiaco from Herculaneum ([CLA 3.385](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/609)).","☛E. G. Turner, Studi Calderini e Paribeni 2 p. 157–161. ☛J. G. Milne, JHS 28 (1908), p. 125. ☛S. Dow, JRS 58 (1968), p. 60–70. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 14. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 14.",,4,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2023,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2023,"Script is formal ancient cursive: the forms of A and ꝺ seen here are preserved in later uncial and African half-uncial (cf. CLA 12.1677); B has the peculiar ancient cursive form. To be compared with the Carmen de Bello Actiaco from Herculaneum (CLA 3.385).
","Origin uncertain. Found at Hawara, Egypt, in 1887. There is reason to believe, according to expert opinion, that the line repeated on the verso represents Horace, Ars Poetica, 78: 'Grammatici certant, et adhuc sub iudice lis est.' (Grammatici quarrel and the case is still undecided)
","☛E. G. Turner, Studi Calderini e Paribeni 2 p. 157–161. ☛J. G. Milne, JHS 28 (1908), p. 125. ☛S. Dow, JRS 58 (1968), p. 60–70. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 14. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 14.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2023.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2023.jpg 2024,1877,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,S,1719,"Origin uncertain. France seems more probable than Italy, to judge by various features of script and spelling. Used later for bindings.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 6.48–7.5, 11–13, Io 12.39–49, 13.6–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67866",,"Image from the verso of fragment B",,,"Script is natural uncial of later type by a not very expert scnbe: the bow of **A** has a pouch; the lower bow of **B** protrudes; the upper end of **ꝺ** turns up, horn-like (cf. Selestat, Bibi. Municip. 1 (B), CLA [6.831](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1246)); the top of **T** often forms a loop at the left; the second limb of **X** resembles a reclining C.","☛Formerly Leuven, University Library A 34. ☛Formerly Leuven, University Library Fragm. H. Omont 9 B.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2024,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2024,"Script is natural uncial of later type by a not very expert scnbe: the bow of A has a pouch; the lower bow of B protrudes; the upper end of ꝺ turns up, horn-like (cf. Selestat, Bibi. Municip. 1 (B), CLA 6.831); the top of T often forms a loop at the left; the second limb of X resembles a reclining C.
","Origin uncertain. France seems more probable than Italy, to judge by various features of script and spelling. Used later for bindings.
","☛Formerly Leuven, University Library A 34. ☛Formerly Leuven, University Library Fragm. H. Omont 9 B.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2024.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2024.jpg 2025,1878,"Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,S,1720,"Origin uncertain. African symptoms are in evidence, and it is worth noting that the size of the written space and of the over-all page corresponds closely to that of Codex k of the Gospels (CLA [4.465](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/811)) which we have every reason to believe is of African origin. The liturgy is manifestly a translation from the Greek. Found in Egypt. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.",,,,"Fragmentum Liturgicum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64321",,"Image from the papyrological verso ",,,"Script is of the distinct type seen in the Livy Epitome and other manuscripts enumerated in CLA [12.1677](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1979): the bow of **A** is pointed and the second stroke tends to be curved as in many early Greek manuscripts; **h** and **H**; **i** after **r** and **ꞇ** often rises above the line, a feature apparently borrowed from the Greek; the foot of **L** extends diagonally below the next letter, as in cursive; **n** and **N**; **o** is often tiny, a sign of Greek influence; the stems of **r** and **ꞅ** go below the line; **ꞅ** as a rule lacks the third stroke; **u** is cup-shaped; **li** ligature occurs.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2025,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2025,"Script is of the distinct type seen in the Livy Epitome and other manuscripts enumerated in CLA 12.1677: the bow of A is pointed and the second stroke tends to be curved as in many early Greek manuscripts; h and H; i after r and ꞇ often rises above the line, a feature apparently borrowed from the Greek; the foot of L extends diagonally below the next letter, as in cursive; n and N; o is often tiny, a sign of Greek influence; the stems of r and ꞅ go below the line; ꞅ as a rule lacks the third stroke; u is cup-shaped; li ligature occurs.
","Origin uncertain. African symptoms are in evidence, and it is worth noting that the size of the written space and of the over-all page corresponds closely to that of Codex k of the Gospels (CLA 4.465) which we have every reason to believe is of African origin. The liturgy is manifestly a translation from the Greek. Found in Egypt. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2025.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2025.jpg 2026,1879,"Rustic Capital",I,1,100,S,1721,"Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The excellent script and generous margins suggest that the volume is an importation. The terminus ante quem is furnished by the Greek astronomical treatise (Gr. 527) on the back, which experts assign to the latter half of the third or the first half of the fourth century.",,,,"Sallustius, Historiae (fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62687",,"From the Rylands fragment ",,http://enriqueta.man.ac.uk/luna/servlet/s/vu3c0v,"Script is expert Rustic Capital of an old type; the general impression is that of slimness: **A** has no bar; **B** is decidedly tall; **G** has a tiny tail turning down; the bows of **P** and **R** are small; the second stroke of **U** is thin and often goes below the line; ligature of **UM** occurs at line-end. To be compared with the Herculaneum papyri (CLA 3.385, [386](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/724), [387](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/725)) with which it has some slight resemblance; see also the Aulus Gellius palimpsest in Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24 (CLA [1.74](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/85)).","☛Cavenaile, CPL 28. ☛CLA date (II–III) changed to follow, G. Cavallo, Ludus philologiae 8 (1996), p. 63–9 = G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), p. 203–8. Seider, Pal. Lat. Pap. II.1, dates to III–IV.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2026,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2026,"Script is expert Rustic Capital of an old type; the general impression is that of slimness: A has no bar; B is decidedly tall; G has a tiny tail turning down; the bows of P and R are small; the second stroke of U is thin and often goes below the line; ligature of UM occurs at line-end. To be compared with the Herculaneum papyri (CLA 3.385, 386, 387) with which it has some slight resemblance; see also the Aulus Gellius palimpsest in Vatic. Palat. Lat. 24 (CLA 1.74).
","Origin uncertain. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The excellent script and generous margins suggest that the volume is an importation. The terminus ante quem is furnished by the Greek astronomical treatise (Gr. 527) on the back, which experts assign to the latter half of the third or the first half of the fourth century.
","☛Cavenaile, CPL 28. ☛CLA date (II–III) changed to follow, G. Cavallo, Ludus philologiae 8 (1996), p. 63–9 = G. Cavallo, Pap. Flor. 36 (2005), p. 203–8. Seider, Pal. Lat. Pap. II.1, dates to III–IV.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2026.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2026.jpg 2027,1880,"Early Half-Uncial",VI,501,600,S,1722,"Origin uncertain, presumably in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire and probably in Berytos. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.",,,,"Iustinianus, Digesta (12.1.1.1), Edicta (26); Ulpianus, Opus incertum? ",Papyrus,,,"TM 61414",,"Recto and verso of fragment b shown",,,"Script is sloping early half-uncial with uncial admixture (**A**, **G**, **S**) to be compared with Reinach Papyrus 2219 at the Sorbonne (CLA [5.700](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1091)) and Colt Papyrus 1 in New York (CLA [11.1652](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/411)):the bow of **A** is oval and the oblique second stroke tends to be curved, as in Greek; the tail of **G** is long; the foot of **L** goes below the line, extending beneath the following letter; the bows of **p** and **q** are compressed; the upright of **r** goes below the line; the cross-stroke of **t** has a thickening at both ends; **u** is cup-shaped. Two contemporary glosses are seen on fragment **b**: one on the recto in Greek, the other on the verso in Latin.","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow date of text. ☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 89. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 507 no. 2974.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2027,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2027,"Script is sloping early half-uncial with uncial admixture (A, G, S) to be compared with Reinach Papyrus 2219 at the Sorbonne (CLA 5.700) and Colt Papyrus 1 in New York (CLA 11.1652):the bow of A is oval and the oblique second stroke tends to be curved, as in Greek; the tail of G is long; the foot of L goes below the line, extending beneath the following letter; the bows of p and q are compressed; the upright of r goes below the line; the cross-stroke of t has a thickening at both ends; u is cup-shaped. Two contemporary glosses are seen on fragment b: one on the recto in Greek, the other on the verso in Latin.
","Origin uncertain, presumably in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire and probably in Berytos. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow date of text. ☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 89. ☛McNamee, Annotations (ASP 45, 2007), p. 507 no. 2974.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2027.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2027.jpg 2028,1881,Uncial,"VI (post 533)",533,600,S,1723,"Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. It is worth noting that nearly all the manuscripts written in this type of script are legal in content. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.",,,,"Iustinianus, Digesta (30.11–13, 22–26, fragm.).",Papyrus,,,"TM 61410",,"Verso of fragment b shown ",,,"Script is roundish uncial of the distinct type also found in CLA [2.211](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/529), [3.292](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/624) and [293](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/625), [4.488](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/835), [9.1351](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1852), [10.1535](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/258), and in others, the most celebrated representative being the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)): the characteristic letters are tall **B** with the lower bow resembling an inclined oval and **R** with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke nearly horizontal; the hasta of **E** is long and thin; the tail of **G** is long.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2028,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028,"Script is roundish uncial of the distinct type also found in CLA 2.211, 3.292 and 293, 4.488, 9.1351, 10.1535, and in others, the most celebrated representative being the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295): the characteristic letters are tall B with the lower bow resembling an inclined oval and R with the bow descending to the base-line and the final stroke nearly horizontal; the hasta of E is long and thin; the tail of G is long.
","Written in an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. It is worth noting that nearly all the manuscripts written in this type of script are legal in content. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2028.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2028.jpg 2029,1882,Uncial,VI¹,501,550,S,1724,"Written in an important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani (?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 64748",,"Verso is shown ",,,"Script is bold, roundish uncial and seems to be of the distinct type of which the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) is the most noted representative and which is also seen in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA [12.1723](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)).","☛CPL 96.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2029,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2029,"Script is bold, roundish uncial and seems to be of the distinct type of which the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) is the most noted representative and which is also seen in a number of other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA 12.1723).
","Written in an important legal centre in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, probably at Byzantium. Acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.
","☛CPL 96.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2029.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2029.jpg 2030,1883,Uncial?,V–VI,401,600,S,1725,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt and acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64749",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,"Script shows bold, tall letters and may be uncial, probably of the type seen in the Florentine Digests (CLA [3.295](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/627)) and in other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA [12.1723](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2028)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2030,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2030,"Script shows bold, tall letters and may be uncial, probably of the type seen in the Florentine Digests (CLA 3.295) and in other legal manuscripts (cf. CLA 12.1723).
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt and acquired by the John Rylands Library in 1917.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2030.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2030.jpg 2031,1884,Cursive,III¹,201,250,S,1726,"Written presumably in Egypt. A Greek document on the verso is assigned by experts to the middle or later part of the third century.",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64110",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is expert ancient Roman cursive leaning distinctly to the right: **B** has the well-known cursive form; the squeezed V-shaped **E** is characteristic of the period; the tail of **G** turns to the right; **M** has the oldest form and is made of four strokes; the form of **N** is noteworthy; **O** is often small and compressed; **S** is long and the expected curves are barely indicated; **U** rises above the line or is suprascript; verticals are often looped and hooked. The date is virtually fixed by similarity to the script of a document of 237 (Pap. Oxy. VIII. 1114).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2031,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2031,"Script is expert ancient Roman cursive leaning distinctly to the right: B has the well-known cursive form; the squeezed V-shaped E is characteristic of the period; the tail of G turns to the right; M has the oldest form and is made of four strokes; the form of N is noteworthy; O is often small and compressed; S is long and the expected curves are barely indicated; U rises above the line or is suprascript; verticals are often looped and hooked. The date is virtually fixed by similarity to the script of a document of 237 (Pap. Oxy. VIII. 1114).
","Written presumably in Egypt. A Greek document on the verso is assigned by experts to the middle or later part of the third century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2031.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2031.jpg 2032,1885,Cursive,V,401,500,S,1727,"Origin uncertain.",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Historici?",Papyrus,,,"TM 67867",,"Both fragments shown ",,,"Script is later Roman cursive: **a** is often pendant and joins the next letter; **b**, **d**, **n**, and **ꞅ** are minuscule; **E** rises well above the line.","☛Deleted CLA remark ('As yet unedited.'): v. R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini. B.2. Adespota 5 (p. 133–44). ",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2032,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2032,"Script is later Roman cursive: a is often pendant and joins the next letter; b, d, n, and ꞅ are minuscule; E rises well above the line.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛Deleted CLA remark ('As yet unedited.'): v. R. Funari, Corpus dei papiri storici greci e latini. B.2. Adespota 5 (p. 133–44).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2032.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2032.jpg 2033,1886,Uncial,"V in",401,425,S,1728,"Written most likely in Africa, to judge by palaeographical considerations (see CLA S, Introduction, p. vii f.). Used as a book-jacket. Provenance presumably Fulda.",,,,"Cyprianus, De Opere et Eleemosynis (4–5, 12–13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67868",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is bold, expert, and somewhat angular uncial of the oldest type, strongly resembling other Cyprian manuscripts (CLA [4.**458](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/748) and [464](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/810), [6.804](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1218)) and codex k of the Gospels, referred to above: the bow of **A** is pointed here and there; the upper bow of **B** and the bow of **R** are mere commas; the eye of **E** is very small and sometimes closed; the first upright of **N** goes below the line, as in the Livy Epitome (CLA [2.208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/526) and [12.**208](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1968)); the bow of **P** is small and often left open; the head of **T** is tiny; ligatures of **NT** and **UNT** at line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2033,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2033,"Script is bold, expert, and somewhat angular uncial of the oldest type, strongly resembling other Cyprian manuscripts (CLA 4.**458 and 464, 6.804) and codex k of the Gospels, referred to above: the bow of A is pointed here and there; the upper bow of B and the bow of R are mere commas; the eye of E is very small and sometimes closed; the first upright of N goes below the line, as in the Livy Epitome (CLA 2.208 and 12.**208); the bow of P is small and often left open; the head of T is tiny; ligatures of NT and UNT at line-end.
","Written most likely in Africa, to judge by palaeographical considerations (see CLA S, Introduction, p. vii f.). Used as a book-jacket. Provenance presumably Fulda.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2033.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2033.jpg 2034,1887,Uncial,VIII,701,800,S,1729,"Origin uncertain, most likely a centre with South English connections, as suggested by palaeographical considerations. Provenance presumably Fulda.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Io 16.33–17.6, 17.11–16, Mt 21.8 ff., 19 ff).",Parchment,,,"TM 67869",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is bold artificial uncial of a late type with some features reminiscent of English charters of the late seventh century (cf. Cotton MSS Aug. II. 2 and Aug. II. 29, Facsimiles of Ancient Charters in the British Museum, nos. 1, 2): **A** has two forms, one uncial with the left stroke either ending in or broken by a tiny ball, the other capitalis with the unusual v-shaped bar seen in inscriptions; the upper end of **ꝺ** is a tiny hair-line and the letter could be mistaken for an **O**; **G** is capital, its tail turning in, as in the Stockholm 'Codex Aureus’ (CLA [11.1642](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/401)) and in the gospel leaves in Avranches and St Petersburg (cal [6.730](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1135), [11.**730](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/337)); **R** and **S** are mostly top-heavy; the top of **T** ends in a triangle at the right and a hook or loop at the left; the numerous decorative hair-lines seen in **G**, **M**, **N**, **P**, and **X** often end in spirals; the smaller letters at line-end also smack of English calligraphy.","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek MS Hassiaca 59.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2034,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2034,"Script is bold artificial uncial of a late type with some features reminiscent of English charters of the late seventh century (cf. Cotton MSS Aug. II. 2 and Aug. II. 29, Facsimiles of Ancient Charters in the British Museum, nos. 1, 2): A has two forms, one uncial with the left stroke either ending in or broken by a tiny ball, the other capitalis with the unusual v-shaped bar seen in inscriptions; the upper end of ꝺ is a tiny hair-line and the letter could be mistaken for an O; G is capital, its tail turning in, as in the Stockholm 'Codex Aureus’ (CLA 11.1642) and in the gospel leaves in Avranches and St Petersburg (cal 6.730, 11.**730); R and S are mostly top-heavy; the top of T ends in a triangle at the right and a hook or loop at the left; the numerous decorative hair-lines seen in G, M, N, P, and X often end in spirals; the smaller letters at line-end also smack of English calligraphy.
","Origin uncertain, most likely a centre with South English connections, as suggested by palaeographical considerations. Provenance presumably Fulda.
","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek MS Hassiaca 59.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2034.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2034.jpg 2035,1888,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1730,"Written probably on the Continent, presumably at Fulda.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (2.8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67870",,"Image from the upper half of fol. 2v ",,,"Script is a debased Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a not very expert scribe: **ꝺ** and **d**, **n**, **R**, **S**; **e** rises above the line; **i**-longa occurs here and there initially; the tail of **Ᵹ** sweeps markedly to the right; **y** is short with both branches leaning to the right; ligatures include **ae**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2035,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2035,"Script is a debased Anglo-Saxon majuscule by a not very expert scribe: ꝺ and d, n, R, S; e rises above the line; i-longa occurs here and there initially; the tail of Ᵹ sweeps markedly to the right; y is short with both branches leaning to the right; ligatures include ae.
","Written probably on the Continent, presumably at Fulda.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2035.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2035.jpg 2036,1889,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1731,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, presumably at Fulda.",,50.5558,9.6808,"Eucherius, Instructionum Libri Duo (1.1, fragm.); Glossae Graeco-Latinae.",Parchment,,,"TM 67871",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script, by a fairly expert scribe, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a Germanic type with theta-shaped **e** and long descenders: **a** is open; **ꝺ** is the rule; **Ᵹ** has two forms, one with a protruding chest, the other resembling an elongated arabic 3 with a flat top; **n** is the rule, but **N** is used at line-end to fill up space. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA [8.1181](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1655), and 12.**1181), and the manuscripts enumerated under [12.1698](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2001). A Graeco-Latin glossary on fol. 2.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2684. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2036,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2036,"Script, by a fairly expert scribe, is Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a Germanic type with theta-shaped e and long descenders: a is open; ꝺ is the rule; Ᵹ has two forms, one with a protruding chest, the other resembling an elongated arabic 3 with a flat top; n is the rule, but N is used at line-end to fill up space. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA 8.1181, and 12.**1181), and the manuscripts enumerated under 12.1698. A Graeco-Latin glossary on fol. 2.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, presumably at Fulda.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2684.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2036.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2036.jpg 2037,1891,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1732,"Written presumably at Fulda. Used in a book of accounts at the monastery of Frauensee, according to a note on the fragment.",,,,"Ps- Clemens Romanus, Recognitiones (1.47–50, 63–65).",Parchment,,,"TM 67872",,"One side of the fragment is shown ",,,"Script is expert, graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a definite type with theta-shaped **e**, markedly long descenders, and **Ᵹ** resembling an elongated numeral 3: the uncial form of **ꝺ** is the rule; **i**-longa occurs initially; ascenders tend towards the club shape. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA [8.1181](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1655), and 12.**1181) and other manuscripts enumerated under [12.1698](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2001).","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2687. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2037,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2037,"Script is expert, graceful Anglo-Saxon minuscule of a definite type with theta-shaped e, markedly long descenders, and Ᵹ resembling an elongated numeral 3: the uncial form of ꝺ is the rule; i-longa occurs initially; ascenders tend towards the club shape. To be compared with the fragments of an anonymous commentary on Matthew in Fulda and formerly also in Dresden (CLA 8.1181, and 12.**1181) and other manuscripts enumerated under 12.1698.
","Written presumably at Fulda. Used in a book of accounts at the monastery of Frauensee, according to a note on the fragment.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2687.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2037.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2037.jpg 2038,1892,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S,1733,"Written doubtless on the Continent and presumably at Fulda. Used to bind accounts of the University of Marburg for the years 1640–4 and 1647–9.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67873",,"fol. 1 of fragment 7b",,,"Script is unpretentious Anglo-Saxon minuscule under strong Continental influence: **a** has various forms; suprascript **u** occurs frequently; ascenders often looped or club-shaped.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2038,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2038,"Script is unpretentious Anglo-Saxon minuscule under strong Continental influence: a has various forms; suprascript u occurs frequently; ascenders often looped or club-shaped.
","Written doubtless on the Continent and presumably at Fulda. Used to bind accounts of the University of Marburg for the years 1640–4 and 1647–9.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2038.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2038.jpg 2039,1893,"Irish Minuscule","VIII–IX vel IX¹",701,900,S,1734,"Written presumably in Ireland, to judge by the script and the use of vellum, rather than at Bobbio, where the fragments were used for binding purposes.",,,,"Computus; Calculus.",Parchment,,,"TM 67874",,"Vatican p.3 ",,,"Script is Irish minuscule by at least two hands, one of which uses **d** with the bow open; numerous ligatures including **ci** (with the **c** closed), **pi** (with **i** attached to the horn of the per symbol), **rio**, **ti** (with the **i** a continuation of the top of the **t**). Old Irish glosses are found on the Vatican and Nancy leaves. The fragmentary bifolium Vatic. Lat. 13501, no. 24 of unknown provenance, which also contains computistical matter written by four ninth-century Irish hands, may have once formed part of the same manuscript.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2039,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2039,"Script is Irish minuscule by at least two hands, one of which uses d with the bow open; numerous ligatures including ci (with the c closed), pi (with i attached to the horn of the per symbol), rio, ti (with the i a continuation of the top of the t). Old Irish glosses are found on the Vatican and Nancy leaves. The fragmentary bifolium Vatic. Lat. 13501, no. 24 of unknown provenance, which also contains computistical matter written by four ninth-century Irish hands, may have once formed part of the same manuscript.
","Written presumably in Ireland, to judge by the script and the use of vellum, rather than at Bobbio, where the fragments were used for binding purposes.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2039.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2039.jpg 2040,1894,"Rustic Capital",II?,101,200,S,1735,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt in the region of the Fayûm. A terminus ante quem for the Latin is furnished by the Greek cursive on the verso, to which experts assign the date saec. II–III. The fragment suffered from humidity during and after World War II. Belonged to the collection of the Castello Sforzesco before coming to the Università Statale.",,,,"Textus Operis Incerti.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62694",,"Recto is shown ",,,"Script is Rustic capital of an old type: **H** and **N** are distinctly broad; the foot of **L** makes a distinct right angle with the stem; **U** is V-shaped. To be compared with Herculaneum Pap. 1475 (CLA [3.387](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/725)) with which it has some resemblances.","☛Formerly Milan, Museo Archeologico 180.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2040,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2040,"Script is Rustic capital of an old type: H and N are distinctly broad; the foot of L makes a distinct right angle with the stem; U is V-shaped. To be compared with Herculaneum Pap. 1475 (CLA 3.387) with which it has some resemblances.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt in the region of the Fayûm. A terminus ante quem for the Latin is furnished by the Greek cursive on the verso, to which experts assign the date saec. II–III. The fragment suffered from humidity during and after World War II. Belonged to the collection of the Castello Sforzesco before coming to the Università Statale.
","☛Formerly Milan, Museo Archeologico 180.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2040.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2040.jpg 2041,1895,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VIII,701,800,S,1736,"Origin uncertain, manifestly a centre of low standards, probably in North Italy as suggested by the spelling. Was at Monza already in the Middle Ages.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Prologus 'Novum Opus').",Parchment,,,"TM 67875",,"Image shows the entire side containing the text ",,,"Script is mixed uncial and debased half-uncial: **ꝺ**, **F**, **G**, **M** are uncial; **i**-longa is used irregularly; **n** is minuscule; both **s** and **ꞅ** occur; ligatures of **et**, **st**, and **te**. The leaf is written only on one side; the text began apparently on the verso (the actual recto), the original recto remaining blank.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2041,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2041,"Script is mixed uncial and debased half-uncial: ꝺ, F, G, M are uncial; i-longa is used irregularly; n is minuscule; both s and ꞅ occur; ligatures of et, st, and te. The leaf is written only on one side; the text began apparently on the verso (the actual recto), the original recto remaining blank.
","Origin uncertain, manifestly a centre of low standards, probably in North Italy as suggested by the spelling. Was at Monza already in the Middle Ages.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2041.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2041.jpg 2042,1896,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1737,"Written in South Bavaria and most likely at Freising, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Freising cathedral library by the twelfth century.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (3).",Parchment,,,"TM 67876",,"foll. 1 and 3 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is roundish early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type: open **a** and **a**; **d** and **ꝺ**; **R** occurs here and there; suprascript v-shaped **u** occurs at line-end; **y** is short and dotted; **eꞇ**, **or**, **NT** ligatures occur even in mid-word; other ligatures include **rf**, **ri**, **ro**, **ru**, **us**. Tenth-century corrections and probationes pennae (on fol. 41: 'Omnium inimicorum suorum domina', cf. CLA [1.90](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/102)).",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2042,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2042,"Script, by several hands, is roundish early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type: open a and a; d and ꝺ; R occurs here and there; suprascript v-shaped u occurs at line-end; y is short and dotted; eꞇ, or, NT ligatures occur even in mid-word; other ligatures include rf, ri, ro, ru, us. Tenth-century corrections and probationes pennae (on fol. 41: 'Omnium inimicorum suorum domina', cf. CLA 1.90).
","Written in South Bavaria and most likely at Freising, to judge by the script. Belonged to the Freising cathedral library by the twelfth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2042.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2042.jpg 2043,1897,Cursive,"IV ex–V in",375,425,S,1738,"Origin uncertain, presumably in a Greek-speaking region. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Libri sapientales (Septuaginta, Sir 12.2).",Papyrus,,,"TM 35624",,"Both sides shown ",,,"Script of this letter is, it would seem, singular, as is its text. Neither the Latin which concerns us here, nor apparently the Greek, fits into any definite category. The modest and not very expert notary who transcribed this letter was familiar with the early half-uncial type current in the fourth and fifth centuries with **b**, **d**, **m**, **r**, and **ꞅ** in their later half-uncial forms: **a** has various forms, the more cursive at the end of line 2 recalling Greek cursive; **i**-longa in the Latin after **r** and **t** is a Greek symptom, but superior **u** in the Greek comes, I believe, from the Latin; the scribe seems more at home with Greek than with Latin. To be compared with CLA [12.1782](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2088).","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow cf. Blumell, AfP 54, 2008, p. 219–223.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2043,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2043,"Script of this letter is, it would seem, singular, as is its text. Neither the Latin which concerns us here, nor apparently the Greek, fits into any definite category. The modest and not very expert notary who transcribed this letter was familiar with the early half-uncial type current in the fourth and fifth centuries with b, d, m, r, and ꞅ in their later half-uncial forms: a has various forms, the more cursive at the end of line 2 recalling Greek cursive; i-longa in the Latin after r and t is a Greek symptom, but superior u in the Greek comes, I believe, from the Latin; the scribe seems more at home with Greek than with Latin. To be compared with CLA 12.1782.
","Origin uncertain, presumably in a Greek-speaking region. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛CLA date (V) changed to follow cf. Blumell, AfP 54, 2008, p. 219–223.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2043.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2043.jpg 2044,1898,"Luxeuil Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1739,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house.",,,,"Ambrosius, Commentarii in Psalmos (Ps 118, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67877",,"Both sides of the entire fragment shown ",,,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 10, dates to the first third of the eighth century.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2044,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2044,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 10, dates to the first third of the eighth century.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2044.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2044.jpg 2045,1900,"Quarter-Uncial verging on Minuscule",VI–VII,501,700,S,1740,"Written probably in North Italy, to judge by the script and general palaeographical considerations, but France is not to be excluded. Given to the Bodleian Library by Alexander Fetherston, vicar of Wolverton, Bucks., in 1680. The binding of white leather over boards dates from the fifteenth century.",,,,"Arator, De Actibus Apostolorum (1.32–63, 85–122, 647–681, 684–724).",Parchment,,,"TM 67878",,"Image shows verses 647-664, 85-101",,,"Script, by an expert scribe, is small rapid half-uncial or quarter-uncial verging on minuscule: ascenders are club-shaped or looped; letters are unequal in height; **a** and **o** are small, cursive vestiges; **c** often rises above small letters; **Ᵹ** and **ꞅ** are notably graceful; **i**-longa is used initially and medially for the yod-sound (cuIus); **i** is also long after **r**, a sign of antiquity; **n** is almost invariably minuscule; the bow of **q** forms a small oval; the top of **ꞇ** is curved; **y** is very short, undotted, and stands on the line; ligatures with **e** are common.","☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 p. 345–7.",4,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2045,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2045,"Script, by an expert scribe, is small rapid half-uncial or quarter-uncial verging on minuscule: ascenders are club-shaped or looped; letters are unequal in height; a and o are small, cursive vestiges; c often rises above small letters; Ᵹ and ꞅ are notably graceful; i-longa is used initially and medially for the yod-sound (cuIus); i is also long after r, a sign of antiquity; n is almost invariably minuscule; the bow of q forms a small oval; the top of ꞇ is curved; y is very short, undotted, and stands on the line; ligatures with e are common.
","Written probably in North Italy, to judge by the script and general palaeographical considerations, but France is not to be excluded. Given to the Bodleian Library by Alexander Fetherston, vicar of Wolverton, Bucks., in 1680. The binding of white leather over boards dates from the fifteenth century.
","☛Lowe, Palaeographical Papers 1 p. 345–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2045.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2045.jpg 2046,1901,"Irish Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1741,"Written presumably at Bobbio, to judge by the similarity of the script with Irish manuscripts from Bobbio now in Naples, Turin, and Vienna (CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731), [4.452](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/800), [10.1492](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/211)). Later history unknown. Acquired by the art historian Nino Basile, who presented it to the Archivio di Stato di Palermo.",,44.7701,9.386,"Iordanes, Getica (preface, 1.1–45.236).",Parchment,"Codice Basile.",,"TM 67879",,"Image from XVI. 89-90, XVII. 94-95",,,"Script is a rapid, uncalligraphic Irish minuscule, apparently by the hand which wrote the Bern fragment Cod. 756 no. 76 (incorrectly described in CLA [7.869](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1322) as Anglo-Saxon), and shows considerable resemblance to the manuscript of Theodorus Mopsuestenus in Turin (CLA [4.452](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/800)); cf. also Naples Lat. 2, foll. 42*–75 (CLA [3.394](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/731), facs. b) and Vienna Lat. 954, foll. 1–11v (CLA [10.1492](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/211)): **Ᵹ** has the form of a flat-topped numeral 3; **i**-longa occurs initially; suprascript **u** in the form of a flourish forms ligatures with **m** and **s**; other ligatures include **ad**, **ma**, **ri**, **si**, **ti**, **tr**. Marginalia by a Caroline hand saec. IX–X, with occasional use of the Nota Tironiana for 'hic'.","☛Correction of CLA [7.869](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1322) contents (Josephus’ Antiquitates) changed to follow Bischoff, MAS 3 p. 35.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2046,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2046,"Script is a rapid, uncalligraphic Irish minuscule, apparently by the hand which wrote the Bern fragment Cod. 756 no. 76 (incorrectly described in CLA 7.869 as Anglo-Saxon), and shows considerable resemblance to the manuscript of Theodorus Mopsuestenus in Turin (CLA 4.452); cf. also Naples Lat. 2, foll. 42*–75 (CLA 3.394, facs. b) and Vienna Lat. 954, foll. 1–11v (CLA 10.1492): Ᵹ has the form of a flat-topped numeral 3; i-longa occurs initially; suprascript u in the form of a flourish forms ligatures with m and s; other ligatures include ad, ma, ri, si, ti, tr. Marginalia by a Caroline hand saec. IX–X, with occasional use of the Nota Tironiana for 'hic'.
","Written presumably at Bobbio, to judge by the similarity of the script with Irish manuscripts from Bobbio now in Naples, Turin, and Vienna (CLA 3.394, 4.452, 10.1492). Later history unknown. Acquired by the art historian Nino Basile, who presented it to the Archivio di Stato di Palermo.
","☛Correction of CLA 7.869 contents (Josephus’ Antiquitates) changed to follow Bischoff, MAS 3 p. 35.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2046.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2046.jpg 2047,1902,Uncial,VII,601,700,S,1742,"Written presumably in the South of France, if one may judge by the features in common with the Toulouse manuscript of canons written at Albi before 666. Came to Paris from the Archives Départementales de Saône-et-Loire (Mâcon). The text is neither Pelagonius nor Vegetius, who give similar prescriptions.",,,,"Fragmentum Mulomedicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67880",,"Both sides shown ",,,"Script leans distinctly to the left and has some resemblance to the dated seventh-century manuscript, Toulouse 364 (CLA [6.836](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1251)): **F** is narrow; **LL** run together; the first upright of **N** often extends below the line and the oblique is somewhat sinuous; the upper bay of **S** is often smaller than the lower; v-shaped **U** occurs suprascript at line-end; **Y** is short and dotted; descenders are long and often very pointed; ligature **Uꞅ** occurs in mid-line.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2047,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2047,"Script leans distinctly to the left and has some resemblance to the dated seventh-century manuscript, Toulouse 364 (CLA 6.836): F is narrow; LL run together; the first upright of N often extends below the line and the oblique is somewhat sinuous; the upper bay of S is often smaller than the lower; v-shaped U occurs suprascript at line-end; Y is short and dotted; descenders are long and often very pointed; ligature Uꞅ occurs in mid-line.
","Written presumably in the South of France, if one may judge by the features in common with the Toulouse manuscript of canons written at Albi before 666. Came to Paris from the Archives Départementales de Saône-et-Loire (Mâcon). The text is neither Pelagonius nor Vegetius, who give similar prescriptions.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2047.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2047.jpg 2048,1903,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1743,"Written presumably in North-east France or West Germany, to judge by the script and the Insular symptoms.",,,,"Johannes Chrysostomus, Commentarius in Paulum (Ad Hebraeos), translated by Mutianus. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67881",,"fol. 60",,,"Script, by several hands, is expert early Caroline minuscule: open **a** and **a**; **d** and **ꝺ**, the minuscule predominating; the ascender of **h** curves to the right in one hand; **i**-longa occurs here and there initially and medially; **i** after **t** often descends below the line; **n** has two forms; ligatures include **et** (recalling a Corbie form), **fe**, **fo**, **NT**, **ri**, **te**, **ti** for the hard sound, **tu**. Small corrections saec. XI. Probationes pennae, etc., including NARDINO (saec. IX), apparently a name, on fol. 131v.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2048,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2048,"Script, by several hands, is expert early Caroline minuscule: open a and a; d and ꝺ, the minuscule predominating; the ascender of h curves to the right in one hand; i-longa occurs here and there initially and medially; i after t often descends below the line; n has two forms; ligatures include et (recalling a Corbie form), fe, fo, NT, ri, te, ti for the hard sound, tu. Small corrections saec. XI. Probationes pennae, etc., including NARDINO (saec. IX), apparently a name, on fol. 131v.
","Written presumably in North-east France or West Germany, to judge by the script and the Insular symptoms.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2048.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2048.jpg 2049,1904,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1744,"Written in Western Germany, presumably in the same area, not far from Lorsch, which produced Vienna MSS 1556, 2141, and 2147 (CLA [10.1502](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/224), [1505](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/227), [1506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/229)). Apparently the manuscript was designed to contain the origins and history of the Franks. On fol. 81v of Lat. 7906 the Franconian humanist Sebastian de Rotenhan (†1534) noted that he had transcribed part of the text 'preter iussum domini prepositi'; fol. 59, which had served as a jacket of a book, was discovered at Basel and presented by Max Bider in 1877 to the Basel University Library which in turn donated it to the Bibliothèque Nationale. The Bede part in MS Lat. 5018 (foll. 78–93) is bound together with an eleventh-century manuscript, which had belonged to Pierre Pithou (†1596) and to J. A. de Thou (†1617); this may be true also of the Bede, and a sixteenth-century note on fol. 93v 'gratia cum Francisco' may possibly refer to François Pithou (†1621).",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.1–128, 3.682–5.734); Dares Phrygius, De Excidio Troiae Historia; Liber Historiae Francorum; Beda, Chronica Minora.",Parchment,,,"TM 65878",,"foll. 59 and 69v",,,"Script, by at least two hands, is a tiny variety of a type found in Vienna MSS 1556, 2141, 2147 (CLA [10.1502](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/224), [1505](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/227), [1506](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/229)): both **a** and open **a**, **d** and **ꝺ** are used; **h** in the first hand has the shaft leaning to the left; v-shaped **u** occurs suprascript at line-end; the cedilla of **e** resembles a small ornate 9. In Lat. 7906 on fol. 84 the somewhat distorted Nota Tironiana 'hinc' in the midst of the minuscule; a sixteenth-century hand partially transcribed interlinearly the text of fol. 81v.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2049,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2049,"Script, by at least two hands, is a tiny variety of a type found in Vienna MSS 1556, 2141, 2147 (CLA 10.1502, 1505, 1506): both a and open a, d and ꝺ are used; h in the first hand has the shaft leaning to the left; v-shaped u occurs suprascript at line-end; the cedilla of e resembles a small ornate 9. In Lat. 7906 on fol. 84 the somewhat distorted Nota Tironiana 'hinc' in the midst of the minuscule; a sixteenth-century hand partially transcribed interlinearly the text of fol. 81v.
","Written in Western Germany, presumably in the same area, not far from Lorsch, which produced Vienna MSS 1556, 2141, and 2147 (CLA 10.1502, 1505, 1506). Apparently the manuscript was designed to contain the origins and history of the Franks. On fol. 81v of Lat. 7906 the Franconian humanist Sebastian de Rotenhan (†1534) noted that he had transcribed part of the text 'preter iussum domini prepositi'; fol. 59, which had served as a jacket of a book, was discovered at Basel and presented by Max Bider in 1877 to the Basel University Library which in turn donated it to the Bibliothèque Nationale. The Bede part in MS Lat. 5018 (foll. 78–93) is bound together with an eleventh-century manuscript, which had belonged to Pierre Pithou (†1596) and to J. A. de Thou (†1617); this may be true also of the Bede, and a sixteenth-century note on fol. 93v 'gratia cum Francisco' may possibly refer to François Pithou (†1621).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2049.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2049.jpg 2050,1905,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,S,1745,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. These two leaves and the one described in the [next item](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2051) form part of a collection brought together in Alsace by Johann Friedrich Oberlin, the Protestant philanthropist (†1826).",,,,"Augustinus, De Genesi ad Litteram (5.7–8, 17–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 66994",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule of the advanced type with numerous ligatures: **a** has a horn-like first stroke; **o** is pinched at the top; **y** goes somewhat below the line and both branches turn to the left, an Insular trait; ascenders are tall and club-shaped, descenders longish, ending in a hair-line; the peculiar **fl** ligature comes straight from Merovingian cursive; the **ti** ligature is used indifferently for the soft and hard sounds.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 2.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2050,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2050,"Script is typical Luxeuil minuscule of the advanced type with numerous ligatures: a has a horn-like first stroke; o is pinched at the top; y goes somewhat below the line and both branches turn to the left, an Insular trait; ascenders are tall and club-shaped, descenders longish, ending in a hair-line; the peculiar fl ligature comes straight from Merovingian cursive; the ti ligature is used indifferently for the soft and hard sounds.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. These two leaves and the one described in the next item form part of a collection brought together in Alsace by Johann Friedrich Oberlin, the Protestant philanthropist (†1826).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2050.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2050.jpg 2051,1906,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1746,"Written apparently in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script. Reached France by the eighth century as marginal notes show. For later history, see the [preceding item](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2050).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, 2 Cor 5.12–7.11).",Parchment,,,"TM 67883",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is somewhat compressed calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule written with a broad pen: **d** and **n** have two forms, the minuscule predominating; **p** has the open bow ending in a comma-like thickening; **r** could easily be mistaken for **n**; **s** has two forms. To be compared with the previously mentioned manuscript of Pliny (CLA [10.1578](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/306)). Liturgical notes in Luxeuil script on the recto; the note on the verso is decidedly French with the characteristic sickle-shaped **u**.","☛Ganz, Luxeuil: Liturgical notes in Luxeuil minuscule.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2051,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2051,"Script is somewhat compressed calligraphic Anglo-Saxon majuscule written with a broad pen: d and n have two forms, the minuscule predominating; p has the open bow ending in a comma-like thickening; r could easily be mistaken for n; s has two forms. To be compared with the previously mentioned manuscript of Pliny (CLA 10.1578). Liturgical notes in Luxeuil script on the recto; the note on the verso is decidedly French with the characteristic sickle-shaped u.
","Written apparently in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by the script. Reached France by the eighth century as marginal notes show. For later history, see the preceding item.
","☛Ganz, Luxeuil: Liturgical notes in Luxeuil minuscule.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2051.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2051.jpg 2052,1907,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1747,"Written presumably in England. Bound with a manuscript of Cassiodorus bearing the familiar Echternach ex-libris on fol. 2.",,,,"Fragmentum Patristicum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67884",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: **ꝺ** and **d**; **n**, **r**, **S**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2052,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2052,"Script is compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule: ꝺ and d; n, r, S.
","Written presumably in England. Bound with a manuscript of Cassiodorus bearing the familiar Echternach ex-libris on fol. 2.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2052.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2052.jpg 2053,1908,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1748,"Origin probably France, to judge by the script. The manuscript to which these leaves are prefixed belonged to the monastery of Corbie (cf. the seventeenth-century ex-libris on fol. 3: 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis'), and later to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, where it bore the number 991. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the French Revolution.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae minores (Vetus Latina, Os 2, 12–4.8, Ioel 2.3–25, Am 1.11–3.2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67885",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with **a** only: **i**-longa, sparingly used, occurs initially; the second stroke of **x** is a shallow c leaning to the right; **y** is short and dotted; ligatures of **ae** and **NT**.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2053,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2053,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with a only: i-longa, sparingly used, occurs initially; the second stroke of x is a shallow c leaning to the right; y is short and dotted; ligatures of ae and NT.
","Origin probably France, to judge by the script. The manuscript to which these leaves are prefixed belonged to the monastery of Corbie (cf. the seventeenth-century ex-libris on fol. 3: 'Liber S. Petri Corbeiensis'), and later to Saint-Germain-des-Prés, where it bore the number 991. Entered the Bibliothèque Nationale during the French Revolution.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2053.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2053.jpg 2054,1909,"Early Caroline and Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1749,"Written at Lorsch. Our manuscript is mentioned in one of the four ninth-century catalogues of this monastery; the Lorsch ex-libris saec. IX and X on fol. 2. The entry 'Ex Steinbach D. Marquardi restitutum M.D.XXII' stands on fol. 2v; Steinbach is an old ecclesiastical site in Odenwald, not far from Lorsch. Later belonged to the Sorbonne library.",,,,"Beda Venerabilis, De Arte Metrica; Aldhelmus, Carmen de Virginitate; Themistius, De Arte Dialectica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67886",,"foll. 19 and 41 ",,,"Script of foll. 3–39, part of 40v, and of 59–62 is typical early Lorsch minuscule; an Anglo-Saxon hand or two wrote foll. 41–58; slightly later Lorsch additions on foll. 39v–40 and on 40v. Verses by Eugenius of Toledo in a more cursive type saec. VIII ex. on fol. 2, probably the original fly-leaf; numerous probationes pennae saec. IX, X, or XI on foll. 2, 2v, 62, and 62v; neumes on fol. 62v. German glosses saec. X on the Aldhelm leaves.",,,1,2,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2054,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2054,"Script of foll. 3–39, part of 40v, and of 59–62 is typical early Lorsch minuscule; an Anglo-Saxon hand or two wrote foll. 41–58; slightly later Lorsch additions on foll. 39v–40 and on 40v. Verses by Eugenius of Toledo in a more cursive type saec. VIII ex. on fol. 2, probably the original fly-leaf; numerous probationes pennae saec. IX, X, or XI on foll. 2, 2v, 62, and 62v; neumes on fol. 62v. German glosses saec. X on the Aldhelm leaves.
","Written at Lorsch. Our manuscript is mentioned in one of the four ninth-century catalogues of this monastery; the Lorsch ex-libris saec. IX and X on fol. 2. The entry 'Ex Steinbach D. Marquardi restitutum M.D.XXII' stands on fol. 2v; Steinbach is an old ecclesiastical site in Odenwald, not far from Lorsch. Later belonged to the Sorbonne library.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2054.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2054.jpg 2056,1910,"Merovingian Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1750,"Written doubtless in France and probably in the North or North-east, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.22.8).",Parchment,,,"TM 67887",,"Complete recto is shown",,,"Script is calligraphic Merovingian minuscule akin to the Luxeuil type: **a** has two forms, the open **a** predominating; **d** is mostly minuscule; **g** has the characteristic compressed lower half; **n** has two forms, the uncial predominating; **oꝛ** occurs even in mid-word; **y** is short and dotted.",,,,,21,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2056,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2056,"Script is calligraphic Merovingian minuscule akin to the Luxeuil type: a has two forms, the open a predominating; d is mostly minuscule; g has the characteristic compressed lower half; n has two forms, the uncial predominating; oꝛ occurs even in mid-word; y is short and dotted.
","Written doubtless in France and probably in the North or North-east, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2056.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2056.jpg 2057,1912,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1751,"Written in France.",,,,"Commentarius in Regulam S Benedicti (4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67888",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with tall ascenders: open **a** and **a**; **n** and **N** (with the first stroke going below the line and the oblique virtually horizontal on the base-line); the top of **ꞇ** often forms a loop at the left; ligatures include **et** and **NT** (both even in mid-word), **te**, **tu**.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2057,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2057,"Script is early Caroline minuscule with tall ascenders: open a and a; n and N (with the first stroke going below the line and the oblique virtually horizontal on the base-line); the top of ꞇ often forms a loop at the left; ligatures include et and NT (both even in mid-word), te, tu.
","Written in France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2057.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2057.jpg 2058,1913,"Corbie Minuscule approaching Maurdramnus Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S,1752,"Written in North France and probably at Corbie or in its vicinity, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.",,,,"Breviarium Alarici (5.1.9–4.1, 5.1–2, 8.9.1–2).",Parchment,,,"TM 67889",,"fol. 39v ",,,"Script is an expert North French minuscule foreshadowing the Corbie Maurdramn type: **a** and **d** have two forms, with open **a** and **d** prevailing; **i** after **r** and **ꞇ** is occasionally tall, a vestige of antiquity; **y** is short and dotted and leans to the right; ascenders are tall and distinctly club-shaped.",,1,,5,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2058,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2058,"Script is an expert North French minuscule foreshadowing the Corbie Maurdramn type: a and d have two forms, with open a and d prevailing; i after r and ꞇ is occasionally tall, a vestige of antiquity; y is short and dotted and leans to the right; ascenders are tall and distinctly club-shaped.
","Written in North France and probably at Corbie or in its vicinity, to judge by the script. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2058.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2058.jpg 2059,1914,Half-Uncial,Unknown,0,0,S,1753,"The fragment was announced in 1902 by Seymour de Ricci and according to his unpublished notes it consisted of one mutilated and barely legible scrap of a leaf of parchment codex with vestiges of six lines surviving on each side. It is unedited and repeated efforts to locate it in recent years have been in vain. No facsimile is known to exist.",,,,"Fragmentum Operis Incerti.",Parchment,,,,,"No facsimile is known to exist ",,,,,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2059,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2059,,"The fragment was announced in 1902 by Seymour de Ricci and according to his unpublished notes it consisted of one mutilated and barely legible scrap of a leaf of parchment codex with vestiges of six lines surviving on each side. It is unedited and repeated efforts to locate it in recent years have been in vain. No facsimile is known to exist.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2059.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2059.jpg 2060,1916,"Mixed Cursive","II ex",192,196,S,1754,"Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. This palaeographical crumb is technically out of place here, for it has since been established that its text is identical with that of P. Berlin 6866, a fragment of individual accounts of soldiers, dated 192–6.",,,,"Rationes Expensarum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63048",,"Image shows the legible side",,,"Script is a type between cursive and calligraphy; the foot of **L** extends obliquely below the line; **o** has the shrunken form; **u** is v-shaped.","☛CLA date (II–III) changed to reflect that of military records. ☛ChLA 4.22. ☛ChLA 10.410. ☛ChLA 18.663. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 122. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 123. ☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2060,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2060,"Script is a type between cursive and calligraphy; the foot of L extends obliquely below the line; o has the shrunken form; u is v-shaped.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Egypt. This palaeographical crumb is technically out of place here, for it has since been established that its text is identical with that of P. Berlin 6866, a fragment of individual accounts of soldiers, dated 192–6.
","☛CLA date (II–III) changed to reflect that of military records. ☛ChLA 4.22. ☛ChLA 10.410. ☛ChLA 18.663. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 122. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 123. ☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2060.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2060.jpg 2061,1917,"Ancient Cursive",II–III,101,300,S,1755,"Origin uncertain.",,,,"Exercitatio Scribendi.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59207",,"Image shows the Latin side ",,http://www.papyrologie.paris-sorbonne.fr/photos/1012249.jpg,"Script is sloping ancient cursive: **E** has the leaning and branch-like form characteristic of the period; the upper stroke of **S** is a longish, straight or rising oblique turning up at the end. A Greek line, apparently by the same hand, is repeated eight times on the papyrological recto. Apparently traces of Greek letters are discernible at the bottom of the Latin side.","☛ChLA 18 664. ☛Formerly France, Private collection Bouriant number unknown (cf. Studi Calderini e Paribeni 2 p. 277: numbered on the glass as 'P. Bouriant 49', but the same number has been used for P. Bouriant 33, so apparently some mistake has been made).",,4,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2061,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2061,"Script is sloping ancient cursive: E has the leaning and branch-like form characteristic of the period; the upper stroke of S is a longish, straight or rising oblique turning up at the end. A Greek line, apparently by the same hand, is repeated eight times on the papyrological recto. Apparently traces of Greek letters are discernible at the bottom of the Latin side.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛ChLA 18 664. ☛Formerly France, Private collection Bouriant number unknown (cf. Studi Calderini e Paribeni 2 p. 277: numbered on the glass as 'P. Bouriant 49', but the same number has been used for P. Bouriant 33, so apparently some mistake has been made).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2061.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2061.jpg 2062,1918,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1756,"Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt and acquired there by the late Professor V. Arangio-Ruiz.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62942",,"Both sides of each fragment shown ",,,"Script is early half-uncial: **b**, **d**, **m**, **r**, and **ꞅ** have the later half-uncial forms; the curved second stroke of **A** and the shrunken **o** are Greek symptoms; the upper curve and the hasta of **E** form a c-like stroke; the foot of **L** extends diagonally below the line; the bow of **q** is small; **u** is cup-shaped.","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 72–3. ☛F. D'Ippolito - F. Nasti, Pap. Congr. XXIII (Vienna 2001), 2007, p. 153–4.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2062,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2062,"Script is early half-uncial: b, d, m, r, and ꞅ have the later half-uncial forms; the curved second stroke of A and the shrunken o are Greek symptoms; the upper curve and the hasta of E form a c-like stroke; the foot of L extends diagonally below the line; the bow of q is small; u is cup-shaped.
","Origin uncertain. Found in Egypt and acquired there by the late Professor V. Arangio-Ruiz.
","☛S. Ammirati, JJP 40 (2010), p. 72–3. ☛F. D'Ippolito - F. Nasti, Pap. Congr. XXIII (Vienna 2001), 2007, p. 153–4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2062.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2062.jpg 2063,1919,Uncial,VI²,551,600,S,1757,"Written doubtless in Italy, probably in the North, to judge by the resemblance of script and format to the Ancona Gospels (CLA [3.278](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/611)).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mc 9.41–49, 10.1–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67890",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is calligraphic broad uncial of late Italian type: the shaft of **A** begins with a horizontal approach stroke and its bow, formed with a hair-line, is shallow; the tail of **G** is very thin; the tops of **h** and **L** have fine serifs extending left and right; **S** is mostly top-heavy; upper curves and short horizontals end in split finials; ligatures of **AE** and **UR** occur.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2063,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2063,"Script is calligraphic broad uncial of late Italian type: the shaft of A begins with a horizontal approach stroke and its bow, formed with a hair-line, is shallow; the tail of G is very thin; the tops of h and L have fine serifs extending left and right; S is mostly top-heavy; upper curves and short horizontals end in split finials; ligatures of AE and UR occur.
","Written doubtless in Italy, probably in the North, to judge by the resemblance of script and format to the Ancona Gospels (CLA 3.278).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2063.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2063.jpg 2064,1920,Uncial,VII,601,700,S,1758,"Written doubtless in Italy. Later history unknown.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Mc, capitula et argumentum).",Parchment,,,"TM 67891",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is uncial of late type with strokes not always joined and with ample bows: the descenders of **F**, **P**, and **q** are thick down to the base-line and continue in a hair-line below; the bow of **A** is occasionally suspended above the base-line, especially after **L** and **T**; **ꝺ** and often **O** form an angle at the base-line; the arch of **h** is broad; the verticals of **N** are spike-shaped; the second oblique of **X** is made in a single stroke and resembles the form seen in Milan, Ambros. B. 159 sup. and in the Codex Rehdigeranus (CLA [3.309](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/646) and [8.1073](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1538)).",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2064,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2064,"Script is uncial of late type with strokes not always joined and with ample bows: the descenders of F, P, and q are thick down to the base-line and continue in a hair-line below; the bow of A is occasionally suspended above the base-line, especially after L and T; ꝺ and often O form an angle at the base-line; the arch of h is broad; the verticals of N are spike-shaped; the second oblique of X is made in a single stroke and resembles the form seen in Milan, Ambros. B. 159 sup. and in the Codex Rehdigeranus (CLA 3.309 and 8.1073).
","Written doubtless in Italy. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2064.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2064.jpg 2065,1921,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1759,"Origin uncertain, possibly Italy. Was early at St Gall where it was rewritten towards the end of the eighth century with a copy of a St Gall charter of 744.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium Gallicanum (Vulgata, Ps 40, 41, 43, 44).",Parchment,,,"TM 67892",,"Image from the actual fol. 2",,,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule leaning slightly to the left and apparently written with a flexible pen: **a** is the rule.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2065,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2065,"Script is an early type of Caroline minuscule leaning slightly to the left and apparently written with a flexible pen: a is the rule.
","Origin uncertain, possibly Italy. Was early at St Gall where it was rewritten towards the end of the eighth century with a copy of a St Gall charter of 744.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2065.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2065.jpg 2066,1922,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1760,"Written probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by palaeographical considerations. Found in 1960 among rubbish on the floor of an eighteenth-century house in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, when the house was being searched prior to demolition. Now kept in the County Record Office in Shrewsbury.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Matthaeum (11.21–30, 13.37–50).",Parchment,,,"TM 67893",,"fol. 2 ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** has three forms, **d** has two; the final stroke of **m** is often inflated and goes below the line; here and there the shoulder of **r** descends very low; the form of **z** is bizarre and its oblique stroke goes well below the line; **m** is frequently written sideways at line-end; the **te** ligature occurs.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2066,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2066,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a has three forms, d has two; the final stroke of m is often inflated and goes below the line; here and there the shoulder of r descends very low; the form of z is bizarre and its oblique stroke goes well below the line; m is frequently written sideways at line-end; the te ligature occurs.
","Written probably in a Northumbrian centre, to judge by palaeographical considerations. Found in 1960 among rubbish on the floor of an eighteenth-century house in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, when the house was being searched prior to demolition. Now kept in the County Record Office in Shrewsbury.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2066.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2066.jpg 2067,1923,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1761,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. The fragments were used for binding a German New Testament printed at Tübingen in 1532.",,,,"Origenes-Rufinus, Homiliae in Genesim (16.3–6).",Parchment,,,"TM 67894",,"Homily 16, 5-6",,,"Script is well-formed Rhaetian minuscule with long ascenders and descenders: most ascenders lean markedly to the left, and the shaft of **h** is often curved; open **a** and **ꞇ** have the characteristic forms; **u** occurs suprascript at line-end; **y** is short and undotted; the **ri** ligature has the cursive form, a feature of this script.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2067,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2067,"Script is well-formed Rhaetian minuscule with long ascenders and descenders: most ascenders lean markedly to the left, and the shaft of h is often curved; open a and ꞇ have the characteristic forms; u occurs suprascript at line-end; y is short and undotted; the ri ligature has the cursive form, a feature of this script.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. The fragments were used for binding a German New Testament printed at Tübingen in 1532.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2067.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2067.jpg 2068,1924,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S,1762,"Written presumably in Italy. The provenance of the book in which the fragment was used to strengthen the binding is unknown, and the fifteenth-century binder, who used distinctive stamps, is still to be identified.",3,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Nm 8.2–14, 21, 9.2, 14.31, 45, 15.1–4, Lv 25.6–32).",Parchment,,,"TM 67895",,"Both sides of the strip shown ",,,"Script is rather carefully written uncial of a late type: the second upright of **N** is shorter and comma-shaped; **LL** run together.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2068,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2068,"Script is rather carefully written uncial of a late type: the second upright of N is shorter and comma-shaped; LL run together.
","Written presumably in Italy. The provenance of the book in which the fragment was used to strengthen the binding is unknown, and the fifteenth-century binder, who used distinctive stamps, is still to be identified.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2068.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2068.jpg 2069,1925,Uncial,"VIII in",701,725,S,1763,"Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by script. Used as a cover for a volume of documents of the years 1455–7 (now Scheda 343, Catena 255, vol. 9), written by the Treviso notary, Bartolomeo Sugana di Cristoforo.",,,,"Excerpta ex Actibus Synodi Chalcedonensis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67896",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is natural uncial of the late type by a not very expert scribe: **X** is made of three distinct strokes, the second resembling an inverted comma.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2069,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2069,"Script is natural uncial of the late type by a not very expert scribe: X is made of three distinct strokes, the second resembling an inverted comma.
","Written presumably in North Italy, to judge by script. Used as a cover for a volume of documents of the years 1455–7 (now Scheda 343, Catena 255, vol. 9), written by the Treviso notary, Bartolomeo Sugana di Cristoforo.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2069.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2069.jpg 2070,1926,Uncial,VIII,701,800,S,1764,"Written possibly in North Italy. The surviving leaves were used as fly-leaves in a fourteenth-century theological manuscript which comes from the Cistercian monastery 'B. Mariae de Stafarda' near Turin (founded in 1135).",,,,"Leo Magnus, Epistulae (28, 165, 22, 20, 124).",Parchment,,,"TM 67897",,"foll. 1 and 2v ",,,"Script is uncial of a late type, written rapidly with letters often differing in size and direction: the tail of **G** is long; **Y** is short and undotted; **LL** run together (not **FF**); ascenders are often long.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2070,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2070,"Script is uncial of a late type, written rapidly with letters often differing in size and direction: the tail of G is long; Y is short and undotted; LL run together (not FF); ascenders are often long.
","Written possibly in North Italy. The surviving leaves were used as fly-leaves in a fourteenth-century theological manuscript which comes from the Cistercian monastery 'B. Mariae de Stafarda' near Turin (founded in 1135).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2070.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2070.jpg 2071,1927,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1765,"Written doubtless in France and probably in the North. A somewhat later hand added at the end of the postcommunio of the feast of Perpetua and Felicitas.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gelasianum (In Natali Sanctae Iulianae, etc., fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67898",,"fol. 2v ",,,"Script is graceful early Caroline minuscule of a French type: **a**, occasionally open **a**; **i** goes below the line after **l**; **i**-longa goes below the line instead of above and is used initially and medially (maIestatem), a French characteristic; **n** and **N**; **y** is long and dotted; ligatures include **et** (even connecting two words), **nt** at word-end, and **te**.","☛CLA date (VIII²) changed to follow Gamber, CLLA 612.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2071,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2071,"Script is graceful early Caroline minuscule of a French type: a, occasionally open a; i goes below the line after l; i-longa goes below the line instead of above and is used initially and medially (maIestatem), a French characteristic; n and N; y is long and dotted; ligatures include et (even connecting two words), nt at word-end, and te.
","Written doubtless in France and probably in the North. A somewhat later hand added at the end of the postcommunio of the feast of Perpetua and Felicitas.
","☛CLA date (VIII²) changed to follow Gamber, CLLA 612.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2071.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2071.jpg 2072,1928,"Rustic Capital",VI,501,600,S,1766,"Origin uncertain, but ornamentation points to Italy. Provenance apparently Fulda. When these leaves were attached to the splendid sacramentary is unknown.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Canones Evangeliorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67899",,"fol. 1v ",,,"The only script seen in the surviving folios, not regarding the numerals, is Rustic Capital not of the oldest type with serifs barely indicated.",,,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2072,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2072,"The only script seen in the surviving folios, not regarding the numerals, is Rustic Capital not of the oldest type with serifs barely indicated.
","Origin uncertain, but ornamentation points to Italy. Provenance apparently Fulda. When these leaves were attached to the splendid sacramentary is unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2072.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2072.jpg 2073,1930,Uncial,"V ex",476,500,S,1767,"Origin uncertain. Removed from the volume with the press-mark Arch. Vat. Francescani I; this volume, according to the entry of P. Bruno Katterbach, belonged to the library of the Franciscans of San Isidore in Rome.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vetus Latina, Is 1.18–23, 26–31, 5.24–27).",Parchment,,,"TM 67900",,"Recto of fragment 1",,,"Script is good calligraphic uncial not quite of the oldest type: the upper bow of **B** is very small; the hasta of **E** is high and the eye is closed; the tail of **G** is short; the bow of **P** is tiny, that of **q** full; **R** has a tiny head; **S** is slim; ligatures of **OR** and **UNT** at line-end.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2073,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2073,"Script is good calligraphic uncial not quite of the oldest type: the upper bow of B is very small; the hasta of E is high and the eye is closed; the tail of G is short; the bow of P is tiny, that of q full; R has a tiny head; S is slim; ligatures of OR and UNT at line-end.
","Origin uncertain. Removed from the volume with the press-mark Arch. Vat. Francescani I; this volume, according to the entry of P. Bruno Katterbach, belonged to the library of the Franciscans of San Isidore in Rome.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2073.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2073.jpg 2074,1931,"Imitation Anglo-Saxon Majuscule","VIII² (ante A.D. 793?)",750,793,S,1768,"Written on the Continent in a centre with Insular traditions, apparently for a church dedicated to St Martin. The Erembertus in the inscription on the frontispiece might possibly be identified with the Abbot of Weissenburg and the Bishop of Worms of that name (783/4–793).The inscription reads: PIUS PONTIFEX SCS MARTINUS DONA INDULGENTIAM HUMILI SERVO TUO EREMBERTO TE SUPPLICANTI. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalmi aliquot cum commentario (Vulgata, Ps).",Parchment,,,"TM 67901",,"foll. 6 and 9v ",,,"Script, by two hands, is apparently a poor imitation of Anglo-Saxon majuscule, betrayed by the constantly majuscule forms of **R** and **S**, the wedge-shaped finials of vertical strokes, and the use of dots around initials. Various religious texts in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. were entered in a hand reminiscent of Lorsch and Weissenburg scripts on fol. 1v and on the inserted foll. 2–4. Prayers in minuscule saec. X on fol. 4v.",,2,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2074,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2074,"Script, by two hands, is apparently a poor imitation of Anglo-Saxon majuscule, betrayed by the constantly majuscule forms of R and S, the wedge-shaped finials of vertical strokes, and the use of dots around initials. Various religious texts in Caroline minuscule saec. IX in. were entered in a hand reminiscent of Lorsch and Weissenburg scripts on fol. 1v and on the inserted foll. 2–4. Prayers in minuscule saec. X on fol. 4v.
","Written on the Continent in a centre with Insular traditions, apparently for a church dedicated to St Martin. The Erembertus in the inscription on the frontispiece might possibly be identified with the Abbot of Weissenburg and the Bishop of Worms of that name (783/4–793).The inscription reads: PIUS PONTIFEX SCS MARTINUS DONA INDULGENTIAM HUMILI SERVO TUO EREMBERTO TE SUPPLICANTI. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2074.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2074.jpg 2075,1932,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1769,"Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Augustinus, Tractatus in Iohannem (21–51).",Parchment,,,"TM 67902",,,,,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type with distinctly club-shaped or looped ascenders: **i**-longa initially and medially used without regularity. It should be noted that the hand of foll. 2 ff. is similar to that of Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 34, the Weissenburg MS of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica-attributed to Metz in CLA [9.1385](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1888). A few lines in Alemannic type intrude on foll. 56, 73, and 79v. Corrected in the ninth century when also some of the original titles were replaced by more elegant Rustic capitals (on foll. 1v and 2v). Table of contents on fol. 127v by eleventh-century Lorsch hands.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2075,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2075,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type with distinctly club-shaped or looped ascenders: i-longa initially and medially used without regularity. It should be noted that the hand of foll. 2 ff. is similar to that of Wolfenbüttel Weiss. 34, the Weissenburg MS of Bede's Historia Ecclesiastica-attributed to Metz in CLA 9.1385. A few lines in Alemannic type intrude on foll. 56, 73, and 79v. Corrected in the ninth century when also some of the original titles were replaced by more elegant Rustic capitals (on foll. 1v and 2v). Table of contents on fol. 127v by eleventh-century Lorsch hands.
","Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2075.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2075.jpg 2076,1933,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1770,"Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Augustinus, De Epistula Iohannis ad Parthos Sermones 10; Excerpta Varia.",Parchment,,,"TM 67903",,"fol. 25v ",,,"Script, by several hands, is typical Lorsch minuscule in a state of decline; the club-shaped ascenders are occasionally long and mostly inclined to the left: **a** has mostly the joined **oc** form; Insular **Ᵹ** occurs at the beginning of a sentence; **n** and **N**; ligatures are few, but include here and there **ti** ligature for hard ti, and especially **fi** and **ffu**, which may point to an Alemannic exemplar. Corrected in the early ninth century and again in the twelfth, when damage caused by water was repaired.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2076,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2076,"Script, by several hands, is typical Lorsch minuscule in a state of decline; the club-shaped ascenders are occasionally long and mostly inclined to the left: a has mostly the joined oc form; Insular Ᵹ occurs at the beginning of a sentence; n and N; ligatures are few, but include here and there ti ligature for hard ti, and especially fi and ffu, which may point to an Alemannic exemplar. Corrected in the early ninth century and again in the twelfth, when damage caused by water was repaired.
","Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2076.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2076.jpg 2077,1934,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1771,"Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623. Used by Mabillon for his edition of the Ordines Romani.",,,,"Ordines Romani (1, 11, 27, 34).",Parchment,,,"TM 67904",,"Image shows entire fol. 9v ",,,"Script is rather irregular early Caroline minuscule of the Lorsch type: **i**-longa occurs here and there; **z** goes well below the line, **y** likewise and is occasionally dotted; ligatures include **NT** in mid-word and **ri** at line-end. An addition on fol. 24 saec. IX¹ contains the 'Fides Alcuini'.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2077,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2077,"Script is rather irregular early Caroline minuscule of the Lorsch type: i-longa occurs here and there; z goes well below the line, y likewise and is occasionally dotted; ligatures include NT in mid-word and ri at line-end. An addition on fol. 24 saec. IX¹ contains the 'Fides Alcuini'.
","Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623. Used by Mabillon for his edition of the Ordines Romani.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2077.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2077.jpg 2078,1935,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1772,"Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Cassianus, Collationes (3–5, 7–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 67905",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script, by several hands of different quality, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: uncial **ꝺ** and **N** here and there; ascenders are club-shaped; **st** are connected; one scribe occasionally uses the ligature **ne** (fol. 93v, etc.); the ligature **NT** occurs in mid-word, **ri** at line-end. Corrected in the ninth century.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2078,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2078,"Script, by several hands of different quality, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: uncial ꝺ and N here and there; ascenders are club-shaped; st are connected; one scribe occasionally uses the ligature ne (fol. 93v, etc.); the ligature NT occurs in mid-word, ri at line-end. Corrected in the ninth century.
","Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2078.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2078.jpg 2079,1936,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1773,"Written at Lorsch. The manuscript was on loan in Fulda in the late tenth or the early eleventh century; when it was returned, the Lorsch ex-libris in the form of a distich (Reddere NAZARIO me lector kare memento / Alterius domini ius quia nolo pati, fol. 145v) received a counterpart in a distich of the Fulda monks (Reddunt ecce boni me SALVATORIS alumni / Hinc illis grates NAZARIUS referes, ibid.). Later at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Flavius Iosephus, Antiquitates Iudaicae (1–12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67906",,"fol. 58v ",,,"Written mainly by two scribes: script of the first hand is typical early Lorsch minuscule; script of the second hand (foll. 73–145) is more stately. The second scribe noted in the upper right-hand corner the day in which he began each quire; these dates are preserved on foll. 113, 121, 129, 137; they seem to show an average daily rate of about two and a half pages. The long subscription of the second scribe on fol. 145 is unfortunately beyond recovery. Corrected in the ninth century. Various Lorsch ex-libris saec. X and XVI on foll. 1 and 145v, and 1v.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2079,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2079,"Written mainly by two scribes: script of the first hand is typical early Lorsch minuscule; script of the second hand (foll. 73–145) is more stately. The second scribe noted in the upper right-hand corner the day in which he began each quire; these dates are preserved on foll. 113, 121, 129, 137; they seem to show an average daily rate of about two and a half pages. The long subscription of the second scribe on fol. 145 is unfortunately beyond recovery. Corrected in the ninth century. Various Lorsch ex-libris saec. X and XVI on foll. 1 and 145v, and 1v.
","Written at Lorsch. The manuscript was on loan in Fulda in the late tenth or the early eleventh century; when it was returned, the Lorsch ex-libris in the form of a distich (Reddere NAZARIO me lector kare memento / Alterius domini ius quia nolo pati, fol. 145v) received a counterpart in a distich of the Fulda monks (Reddunt ecce boni me SALVATORIS alumni / Hinc illis grates NAZARIUS referes, ibid.). Later at Heidelberg, whence it was removed to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2079.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2079.jpg 2080,1937,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1774,"Written at Lorsch; the fifteenth-century Lorsch ex-libris on the last folio. Later at Heidelberg, from where it migrated to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Eusebius-Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica.",Parchment,,,"TM 67907",,"fol. 43 ",,,"Script, by several hands, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: the uncial form of **ꝺ** is probably an Anglo-Saxon symptom; **i**-longa occurs initially and here and there even medially; the second stroke of **x** resembles a leaning **c**, a form seen in other Lorsch manuscripts; **NT** ligature occurs even in mid-word. Marginalia by a contemporary hand are boxed in by rectangles; they probably go back to an earlier copy. Corrected in the ninth century. A ninth-century restoration of missing text seen on foll. 96–7. Notes by tenth- and fifteenth-century readers.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2080,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2080,"Script, by several hands, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: the uncial form of ꝺ is probably an Anglo-Saxon symptom; i-longa occurs initially and here and there even medially; the second stroke of x resembles a leaning c, a form seen in other Lorsch manuscripts; NT ligature occurs even in mid-word. Marginalia by a contemporary hand are boxed in by rectangles; they probably go back to an earlier copy. Corrected in the ninth century. A ninth-century restoration of missing text seen on foll. 96–7. Notes by tenth- and fifteenth-century readers.
","Written at Lorsch; the fifteenth-century Lorsch ex-libris on the last folio. Later at Heidelberg, from where it migrated to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2080.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2080.jpg 2081,1938,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1775,"Written at Lorsch. Our manuscript betrays its different exemplars: Visigothic **aūm** occurs in the Spanish author; Anglo-Saxon features are seen in the Tatuine. The manuscript is important as containing a corpus of grammatical works, some of which are rare. The twelfth-century Lorsch ex-libris on fol. 1. Later at Heidelberg, from where it migrated to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Grammatici: Augustinus Grammaticus, Iulianus Toletanus, Tatuinus, Bonifatius, Dynamius Grammaticus, etc. ",Parchment,,,"TM 67908",,"fol. 99 ",,,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: **ꝺ** is mostly uncial; **i**-longa initially and also medially (huIus, cuIus); uncial **N** here and there; the second stroke of **x** resembles an inclined c, a form seen in other Lorsch manuscripts; the **NT** ligature occurs even in mid-word. The original text of Julian of Toledo ended on fol. 126; other matter by the same author was begun by a slightly later hand on the verso.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2081,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2081,"Script, by several scribes, is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type: ꝺ is mostly uncial; i-longa initially and also medially (huIus, cuIus); uncial N here and there; the second stroke of x resembles an inclined c, a form seen in other Lorsch manuscripts; the NT ligature occurs even in mid-word. The original text of Julian of Toledo ended on fol. 126; other matter by the same author was begun by a slightly later hand on the verso.
","Written at Lorsch. Our manuscript betrays its different exemplars: Visigothic aūm occurs in the Spanish author; Anglo-Saxon features are seen in the Tatuine. The manuscript is important as containing a corpus of grammatical works, some of which are rare. The twelfth-century Lorsch ex-libris on fol. 1. Later at Heidelberg, from where it migrated to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2081.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2081.jpg 2082,1939,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1776,"Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where the manuscript migrated to the Vatican in 1623.",,,,"Marius Victorinus, Ars Grammatica; Proba, Cento Vergilianus; Symphosius, Aenigmata; Pompeius Grammaticus, Commentarii in Donatum; Bonifatius, Ars Metrica; Maximus Victorinus, De Finalibus Metrorum; Papirius, De Orthographia; Aldhelmus, Aenigmata.",Parchment,,,"TM 67909",,"foll. 46v and 34",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type by several hands; the second stroke of **x** resembles an inclined letter c; **z** descends well below the line. Chancery script is used for the final words of Book 3 (fol. 47v), and the same hand writes a complete line at the bottom of the same page. Contemporary corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule on foll. 81v, 82v, etc. Ninth-century additions by Lorsch hands on foll. 69–70v, 112v ff.; an addition saec. XII–XIII on fol. 112.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2082,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2082,"Script is early Caroline minuscule of Lorsch type by several hands; the second stroke of x resembles an inclined letter c; z descends well below the line. Chancery script is used for the final words of Book 3 (fol. 47v), and the same hand writes a complete line at the bottom of the same page. Contemporary corrections in Anglo-Saxon minuscule on foll. 81v, 82v, etc. Ninth-century additions by Lorsch hands on foll. 69–70v, 112v ff.; an addition saec. XII–XIII on fol. 112.
","Written at Lorsch. Later at Heidelberg, from where the manuscript migrated to the Vatican in 1623.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2082.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2082.jpg 2083,1940,"Insular Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1777,"Written doubtless in England. Our manuscript was attached to the cover of Worcester MS Q. 51. The Worcester Paterius leaves described in CLA [2.265](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/584), which formerly bore the press-mark Add. MS 5 are now catalogued Add. MS 4.",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae (2.11–13).",Parchment,,,"TM 67910",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a late type of Insular majuscule: **d** and **ꝺ**; **n** is mostly minuscule; **R** and **r**, the minuscule form being easily mistaken for n; **S** and **ꞅ** occur side by side.",,,,6,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2083,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2083,"Script is a late type of Insular majuscule: d and ꝺ; n is mostly minuscule; R and r, the minuscule form being easily mistaken for n; S and ꞅ occur side by side.
","Written doubtless in England. Our manuscript was attached to the cover of Worcester MS Q. 51. The Worcester Paterius leaves described in CLA 2.265, which formerly bore the press-mark Add. MS 5 are now catalogued Add. MS 4.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2083.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2083.jpg 2084,1941,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S,1778,"Written doubtless in England. The fragments were recovered from the printed book with the press-mark Tz 129 (Vocabularius Breviloquus, Basel, 1478), which belonged in 1628 to the Jesuit College in Freiburg im Breisgau. Later acquired by Johann Jakob Simmler, whose library came to the Zürich Stadtbibliothek.",,,,"Eucherius, Formulae Spirituales (3–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 67911",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **d** and **s** have two forms; **e** often rises above the line; the shoulder of **r** descends to the line and the letter is easily mistaken for **n**. A liturgical entry saec. XV–XVI is seen on the verso.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2084,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2084,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule: d and s have two forms; e often rises above the line; the shoulder of r descends to the line and the letter is easily mistaken for n. A liturgical entry saec. XV–XVI is seen on the verso.
","Written doubtless in England. The fragments were recovered from the printed book with the press-mark Tz 129 (Vocabularius Breviloquus, Basel, 1478), which belonged in 1628 to the Jesuit College in Freiburg im Breisgau. Later acquired by Johann Jakob Simmler, whose library came to the Zürich Stadtbibliothek.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2084.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2084.jpg 2085,1942,"Ancient Cursive",I–II,1,200,S,1779,"Origin uncertain. Purchased in London from a Cairo dealer in 1931. Now accepted as a legal compilation or commentary.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63275",,"Image shows the entire recto (left facs.)",,http://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.mich;7;456,"Script is calligraphic ancient Roman cursive leaning to the right: **A** has a tiny third stroke; the form of **ꝺ** is a forerunner of the uncial; **E** rises well above the headline; the uprights of **I** and **U** begin with a tiny forestroke; **M** is made in four staccato strokes; the oblique of **N** begins well to the left of the uprights and is somewhat sinuous; **o** is characteristically small and compressed; the top of **P** scoops down from the upright; the bow of **q** is thin and its tail descends sharply to the right from the head-line; **S** is made in two strokes.","☛P. Mich. 7 456. ☛Á. D'ors, Emerita 19 (1951), p. 1–14. ☛G. M. Parássoglou, Stud. Pap. 13 (1974), p. 32–33 no. 1. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 231.",,4,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2085,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2085,"Script is calligraphic ancient Roman cursive leaning to the right: A has a tiny third stroke; the form of ꝺ is a forerunner of the uncial; E rises well above the headline; the uprights of I and U begin with a tiny forestroke; M is made in four staccato strokes; the oblique of N begins well to the left of the uprights and is somewhat sinuous; o is characteristically small and compressed; the top of P scoops down from the upright; the bow of q is thin and its tail descends sharply to the right from the head-line; S is made in two strokes.
","Origin uncertain. Purchased in London from a Cairo dealer in 1931. Now accepted as a legal compilation or commentary.
","☛P. Mich. 7 456. ☛Á. D'ors, Emerita 19 (1951), p. 1–14. ☛G. M. Parássoglou, Stud. Pap. 13 (1974), p. 32–33 no. 1. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 231.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2085.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2085.jpg 2086,1943,Cursive,III¹,201,250,S,1780,"Written probably in Egypt. Purchased in London from a Cairo dealer in 1931. The script of the Greek, according to expert opinion, may be assigned to the first half of the third century.",,,,"Aesopus, Fabula Graeco-Latina.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59039",,"Image shows the entire verso (right facs.)",,,"Script of the Latin is rather uncalligraphic ancient Roman cursive: **a** is made of two oblique strokes; **b** has the ancient cursive form; **c** is made of two strokes, the upper rising well above the line; the upper curve and hasta of **e** form a c-like stroke; **m** is made without lifting the pen, with the second peak diminished; the form of **N** approaches Greek **π**; **o** is shrunken.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2086,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2086,"Script of the Latin is rather uncalligraphic ancient Roman cursive: a is made of two oblique strokes; b has the ancient cursive form; c is made of two strokes, the upper rising well above the line; the upper curve and hasta of e form a c-like stroke; m is made without lifting the pen, with the second peak diminished; the form of N approaches Greek π; o is shrunken.
","Written probably in Egypt. Purchased in London from a Cairo dealer in 1931. The script of the Greek, according to expert opinion, may be assigned to the first half of the third century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2086.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2086.jpg 2087,1944,Capital,"I vel II",1,200,S,1781,"Origin probably Egypt. Believed to have been found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Exercitationes Scribendi.",Papyrus,,,"TM 67912",,"Image from both sides of the fragments ",,http://papyri.info/ddbdp/p.mich;7;459,"Parts of what appear to be three identical lines survive on one side, parts of two on the other. The bold, expert lettering of the larger writing recalls Pompeian mural inscriptions, though individual letters are broader. The smaller writing shows early Roman cursive forms written calligraphically: the oblique tail of **q** plunges down to the right; the shoulder of **r** is a bold sinuous down-stroke; **u** has the form of an open roundish v.","☛P. Mich. 7 459.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2087,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2087,"Parts of what appear to be three identical lines survive on one side, parts of two on the other. The bold, expert lettering of the larger writing recalls Pompeian mural inscriptions, though individual letters are broader. The smaller writing shows early Roman cursive forms written calligraphically: the oblique tail of q plunges down to the right; the shoulder of r is a bold sinuous down-stroke; u has the form of an open roundish v.
","Origin probably Egypt. Believed to have been found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛P. Mich. 7 459.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2087.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2087.jpg 2088,1945,"Early Half-Uncial",IV²,351,400,S,1782,"Origin uncertain, probably Egypt. The unusual word-division and the lack of familiarity with the normal forms of the Nomina Sacra suggest that the scribe was unused to copying Latin.",,,,"Cicero, In Catilinam (6–9, 13–33); Alcestis; Greek Short Hand Manual (Alphabetic).",Papyrus,,,"TM 59453",,"Image shows the verso of the first folio ",,,"Script is early half-uncial with cursive elements by a scribe who did not quite understand what he was copying: **a** has two forms, the cursive predominating; **Ᵹ** is unusually squelched; **l** often goes below the line as in cursive and is conspicuously short when next to **u** (see populus on fol. 1v, l. 3); **o** varies greatly in size; noteworthy are the width and height of **u**; the **z** on fol. 1v suggests the Greek form; strokes are often unjoined, especially in letters with bows (**b**, **d**, **o**). To be compared with CLA [11.1650](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/409), and [12.1683](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1986) and [1738](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2043).","☛Formerly Barcelona, Fundacion San Lucas Evangelista 126–181. ☛Formerly Durham, N.C., Duke University P. Robinson 201. ☛Formerly Durham, N.C., Duke University P. Robinson Lat. 1.",,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2088,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2088,"Script is early half-uncial with cursive elements by a scribe who did not quite understand what he was copying: a has two forms, the cursive predominating; Ᵹ is unusually squelched; l often goes below the line as in cursive and is conspicuously short when next to u (see populus on fol. 1v, l. 3); o varies greatly in size; noteworthy are the width and height of u; the z on fol. 1v suggests the Greek form; strokes are often unjoined, especially in letters with bows (b, d, o). To be compared with CLA 11.1650, and 12.1683 and 1738.
","Origin uncertain, probably Egypt. The unusual word-division and the lack of familiarity with the normal forms of the Nomina Sacra suggest that the scribe was unused to copying Latin.
","☛Formerly Barcelona, Fundacion San Lucas Evangelista 126–181. ☛Formerly Durham, N.C., Duke University P. Robinson 201. ☛Formerly Durham, N.C., Duke University P. Robinson Lat. 1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2088.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2088.jpg 2089,1946,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1783,"Origin uncertain, presumably the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64695",,"Image from the recto and verso of P. 16977",,,"Script of the Latin resembles the type of early half-uncial seen in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), and [10.**1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)): enlarged **A** seen at section opening, its bow long and pointed; **ꝺ** is almost a Greek delta; **m** and **r** are angular, as in other legal manuscripts of this type; the first stroke of **N** goes below the line; **S** has the uncial form. Extensive marginalia in smaller letters seen on P. 16976 verso contain some Latin words with **R** and **S** in uncial.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2089,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2089,"Script of the Latin resembles the type of early half-uncial seen in the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042, and 10.**1042): enlarged A seen at section opening, its bow long and pointed; ꝺ is almost a Greek delta; m and r are angular, as in other legal manuscripts of this type; the first stroke of N goes below the line; S has the uncial form. Extensive marginalia in smaller letters seen on P. 16976 verso contain some Latin words with R and S in uncial.
","Origin uncertain, presumably the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2089.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2089.jpg 2090,1947,"Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1784,"Written in North Italy, apparently in the centre which produced the Homiliarium Alani, the remains of which are divided between Karlsruhe and Heidelberg (CLA [8.1119](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1586)). The fragment was used in the binding of a copy of Jodocus Clichtoveus, Elucidatorium Ecclesiasticum (Basel, 1519), which belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Gengenbach in the Black Forest and which was destroyed in 1942. It is not known when the fragment reached Gengenbach, but its early history may have been connected with that of the Homiliarium.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus (Vulgata, Ex 2–3, Dt 13–14, 2 Sm 9.16–23, 32, 10.3, 10–17, 24–33, Iob 30, 34; Vetus Latina, 1 Mcc 16.14–16.22, 2 Mcc 1.1, 7–10, 14–18, 21–23, 28–35, 2.4–7, 11–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67913",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is a slightly angular early Caroline minuscule of distinctly North-Italian type, to be compared with CLA [8.1119](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1586): **d** has two forms; **i**-longa is frequent initially; **u** occurs v-shaped at line-end; **z** is often ample; ascenders are markedly club-shaped and have a tendency to lean to the left; letters are occasionally suprascript at line-end. The bow of enlarged uncial **A** at the beginning of sentences forms a small angle. Corrected apparently in the twelfth century.",,,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2090,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2090,"Script is a slightly angular early Caroline minuscule of distinctly North-Italian type, to be compared with CLA 8.1119: d has two forms; i-longa is frequent initially; u occurs v-shaped at line-end; z is often ample; ascenders are markedly club-shaped and have a tendency to lean to the left; letters are occasionally suprascript at line-end. The bow of enlarged uncial A at the beginning of sentences forms a small angle. Corrected apparently in the twelfth century.
","Written in North Italy, apparently in the centre which produced the Homiliarium Alani, the remains of which are divided between Karlsruhe and Heidelberg (CLA 8.1119). The fragment was used in the binding of a copy of Jodocus Clichtoveus, Elucidatorium Ecclesiasticum (Basel, 1519), which belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Gengenbach in the Black Forest and which was destroyed in 1942. It is not known when the fragment reached Gengenbach, but its early history may have been connected with that of the Homiliarium.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2090.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2090.jpg 2091,1948,"Visigothic Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1785,"Written in Spain. Brought soon after to Fulda where it was copied in Anglo-Saxon minuscule (for the copy see cal [12.**146](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1964)); part of Letter 56 still exists in both manuscripts. The fragments were used for binding accounts of Hessian localities for 1636 and 1638.",,,,"Hieronymus, Epistulae (fragm.); Augustinus, Epistulae (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67914",,"Marburg. Hr. 3, 5a, fol. 2 ",,,"Script is broad, low-lying, and easy-flowing Visigothic minuscule of the older type: **d** has two forms; the descender of **f** is longish; **g** has two forms, the usual uncial and a common form in the ligature **ge** and in 'regulus'; **i**-longa is the rule initially and also medially for the semi-vocal sound; the soft and hard sounds of **ti** are not distinguished; the tall **iT**-ligature occurs at line-end, a Visigothic feature; other ligatures are used freely, even in mid-line. Corrections in Visigothic and Anglo-Saxon minuscule; also early glosses in Latin and, of special interest, even one in Old High German (‘steofbarn' glossing 'privignus antenatus') in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 18 (2). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1817. ",,,9,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2091,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2091,"Script is broad, low-lying, and easy-flowing Visigothic minuscule of the older type: d has two forms; the descender of f is longish; g has two forms, the usual uncial and a common form in the ligature ge and in 'regulus'; i-longa is the rule initially and also medially for the semi-vocal sound; the soft and hard sounds of ti are not distinguished; the tall iT-ligature occurs at line-end, a Visigothic feature; other ligatures are used freely, even in mid-line. Corrections in Visigothic and Anglo-Saxon minuscule; also early glosses in Latin and, of special interest, even one in Old High German (‘steofbarn' glossing 'privignus antenatus') in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in Spain. Brought soon after to Fulda where it was copied in Anglo-Saxon minuscule (for the copy see cal 12.**146); part of Letter 56 still exists in both manuscripts. The fragments were used for binding accounts of Hessian localities for 1636 and 1638.
","☛Formerly Kassel, Landesbibliothek Manuskripten-Anhang 18 (2). ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1817.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2091.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2091.jpg 2092,1949,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1786,"Written in Northumbria, to judge by palaeographical features; to be compared with the Northumbrian manuscript, Durham B. II. 30 (CLA [2.152](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/467)), which also contains the same abbreviated text of this work. The fragment came from Werden; the sixteenth-century entry 'MOERS' apparently refers to Moers near Krefeld where the old Benedictine abbey had property.",,,,"Cassiodorus, Commentarius in Psalmos (Abbreviatio, Ps 144.7–19).",Parchment,,,"TM 67915",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a not very regular, compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with **d** **ꝺ**, **n**, **r**, **R** (rarely), **S** **ꞅ**; **a** has two forms; the uprights of **d** and **h** here and there curve to the left at the top; **i**-longa is frequent initially; the shoulder of **r** goes very low; ligatures occur, e.g., **ei**, **ha** with a subscript. The script changes to minuscule at the end of one column (see verso). The text was rather carelessly written and shows erasures and corrections in small Anglo-Saxon minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2092,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2092,"Script is a not very regular, compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule with d ꝺ, n, r, R (rarely), S ꞅ; a has two forms; the uprights of d and h here and there curve to the left at the top; i-longa is frequent initially; the shoulder of r goes very low; ligatures occur, e.g., ei, ha with a subscript. The script changes to minuscule at the end of one column (see verso). The text was rather carelessly written and shows erasures and corrections in small Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in Northumbria, to judge by palaeographical features; to be compared with the Northumbrian manuscript, Durham B. II. 30 (CLA 2.152), which also contains the same abbreviated text of this work. The fragment came from Werden; the sixteenth-century entry 'MOERS' apparently refers to Moers near Krefeld where the old Benedictine abbey had property.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2092.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2092.jpg 2093,1950,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule verging on Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1787,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, apparently by a German scribe. The leaves were used in binding a copy of Bartolus de Saxoferrato, Lectura (GW 3499, 3531, 3478), at Fulda, as the binder's stamps indicate.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Ezechielem (2.8.21–2, 2.9.1–2, 10–14).",Parchment,,,"TM 67916",,"Image shows the beginning of Lib. II, hom. IX (fol. 1)",,,"Script is clumsy though rather regular Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, written apparently by a scribe insufficiently trained in Anglo-Saxon calligraphy: **d** and **n** prevail, **ꝺ** occurring rarely and **N** only at the beginning of sentences; **R** and **r**, **S** and **ꞅ**; **Ᵹ** is conspicuously gauche; **e** in ligatures is angular. A correction on fol. 1v in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Sixteenth-century notes of legal content on fol. 1v.",,4,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2093,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2093,"Script is clumsy though rather regular Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule, written apparently by a scribe insufficiently trained in Anglo-Saxon calligraphy: d and n prevail, ꝺ occurring rarely and N only at the beginning of sentences; R and r, S and ꞅ; Ᵹ is conspicuously gauche; e in ligatures is angular. A correction on fol. 1v in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule. Sixteenth-century notes of legal content on fol. 1v.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany, apparently by a German scribe. The leaves were used in binding a copy of Bartolus de Saxoferrato, Lectura (GW 3499, 3531, 3478), at Fulda, as the binder's stamps indicate.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2093.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2093.jpg 2094,1951,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1788,"Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany such as Fulda. Provenance unknown.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Epistulam Pauli ad Titum (3.13–15).",Parchment,,,"TM 67917",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: **a** is regularly open (in the group **at** it is closed by the horizontal of **ꞇ**); tall **T** occurs here and there in mid-line; ligatures with subscript **i** are frequent near line-end.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1453",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2094,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2094,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: a is regularly open (in the group at it is closed by the horizontal of ꞇ); tall T occurs here and there in mid-line; ligatures with subscript i are frequent near line-end.
","Written presumably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany such as Fulda. Provenance unknown.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1453
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2094.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2094.jpg 2095,1952,"Early Half-Uncial",V,401,500,S,1789,"Origin uncertain, presumably an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, possibly Berytos. Found at Antinoë.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani.",Papyrus,,,"TM 65085",,"Image shows fragments 2v, 3, 10v, 15, 20v ",,,"Script is a distinct type of sloping early half-uncial found in a number of contemporary legal manuscripts, suggesting an important centre, of which the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA [8.1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1501), [10.**1042](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/136)) is the best known representative: **A**, **G**, and **S** have the uncial form; **b**, **d**, **m**, and **r** are half-uncial; **c**, **e**, and **o** are compressed; the tail of **G** is thin; the foot of **L** swings to the right below the line; the top of **m** and the shoulder of **r** are markedly square; the oblique of **N** is thin; the top of **T** is ticked upward at the left and downward at the right (cf. the juristic fragment in Oxford, cal [2.248](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/567)); the lower part of **u** is square; thick and thin strokes are strongly contrasted. Extensive marginalia in the same type of script, but smaller and more rounded.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2095,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2095,"Script is a distinct type of sloping early half-uncial found in a number of contemporary legal manuscripts, suggesting an important centre, of which the Fragmentum de Formula Fabiana (CLA 8.1042, 10.**1042) is the best known representative: A, G, and S have the uncial form; b, d, m, and r are half-uncial; c, e, and o are compressed; the tail of G is thin; the foot of L swings to the right below the line; the top of m and the shoulder of r are markedly square; the oblique of N is thin; the top of T is ticked upward at the left and downward at the right (cf. the juristic fragment in Oxford, cal 2.248); the lower part of u is square; thick and thin strokes are strongly contrasted. Extensive marginalia in the same type of script, but smaller and more rounded.
","Origin uncertain, presumably an important centre of legal studies in the Eastern part of the Roman Empire, possibly Berytos. Found at Antinoë.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2095.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2095.jpg 2096,1953,"Early Half-Uncial",IV–V,301,500,S,1790,"Origin uncertain. The Greek document on the papyrological recto is assigned by experts to the late fourth century, which gives the terminus ante quem non for the Latin. Found at Antinoë.",,,,"Textus Incertus.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64486",,"Both sides of each fragment shown ",,,"Script is early half-uncial betraying Greek influence in the use of **i**-longa in mid-word, **N** with a thin oblique, smallish **o**, and **t** with a straight top: the bow of **A** is pointed and pendant; the hasta of **E** is long; **Ᵹ** has the half-uncial form and squats on the line; the shoulder of **r** has the oblique cursive form; **ꞅ** is half-uncial.",,,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2096,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2096,"Script is early half-uncial betraying Greek influence in the use of i-longa in mid-word, N with a thin oblique, smallish o, and t with a straight top: the bow of A is pointed and pendant; the hasta of E is long; Ᵹ has the half-uncial form and squats on the line; the shoulder of r has the oblique cursive form; ꞅ is half-uncial.
","Origin uncertain. The Greek document on the papyrological recto is assigned by experts to the late fourth century, which gives the terminus ante quem non for the Latin. Found at Antinoë.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2096.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2096.jpg 2097,1954,Cursive,II²,151,200,S,1791,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The terminus a quo for the Latin is furnished by the Greek uncial on the recto, assigned by experts to the first half of the second century.",,,,"Glossarium Latino-Graecum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 63667",,"Image shows several fragments, including nos. 28 and 39",,,"Script, by an expert scribe, is ancient Roman cursive not of the oldest type: **e** is v-shaped, the hasta rising obliquely from the base of the upright; the tail of **G** is short, curving down to the left; the horizontal and final stroke of **h** form an acute angle; the foot of **L** goes below the line; **m** is made of two arches; the first stroke of **N** goes below the line; **o** is small and compressed, occasionally reduced to a mere dot; **s** is made of two strokes; **u** has a tendency to rise above the line, markedly so when joined to the following letter.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2097,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2097,"Script, by an expert scribe, is ancient Roman cursive not of the oldest type: e is v-shaped, the hasta rising obliquely from the base of the upright; the tail of G is short, curving down to the left; the horizontal and final stroke of h form an acute angle; the foot of L goes below the line; m is made of two arches; the first stroke of N goes below the line; o is small and compressed, occasionally reduced to a mere dot; s is made of two strokes; u has a tendency to rise above the line, markedly so when joined to the following letter.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus. The terminus a quo for the Latin is furnished by the Greek uncial on the recto, assigned by experts to the first half of the second century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2097.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2097.jpg 2098,1955,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1792,"Written in South England, to judge by palaeographical features. The fragment served as jacket to lustiniani Institutionum libri 4, printed in Jena in 1693.",,,,"Aldhelmus, De Metris et Aenigmatibus ac Pedum Regulis (Aen. 100.20.28–43, 56–71; 102).",Parchment,,,"TM 67918",,"Image from the verso (Migne, P.L. 89, cols. 199f.)",,,"Script is rapidly written Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is regularly open; **i**-longa is the rule initially; the bow of **p** is open and ends in a tiny thickening; the top of **ꞇ** joins preceding **a** and is here and there longish; the curve of **u** is pendant; **y** has both branches curving to the right; **z** has a striking form; **e** often forms ligatures with the following letter; subscript **i** is used after **m** and **n**; other ligatures include **e** with cedilla, **te**, **ti**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2098,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2098,"Script is rapidly written Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is regularly open; i-longa is the rule initially; the bow of p is open and ends in a tiny thickening; the top of ꞇ joins preceding a and is here and there longish; the curve of u is pendant; y has both branches curving to the right; z has a striking form; e often forms ligatures with the following letter; subscript i is used after m and n; other ligatures include e with cedilla, te, ti.
","Written in South England, to judge by palaeographical features. The fragment served as jacket to lustiniani Institutionum libri 4, printed in Jena in 1693.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2098.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2098.jpg 2099,1956,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1793,"Origin uncertain. Doubtless salvaged from the binding of a Munich manuscript and designated '34 b' by Wilhelm Meyer.",,,,"Virgilius Maro, Epitomae (7).",Parchment,,,"TM 67919",,"Image from the recto ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, rather carelessly written by a fairly able scribe: **a**, open or closed, the rule, **a** the exception; **d** and **ꝺ**; **i**-longa occurs now and then initially; **N** still occurs frequently; ligatures include both **NT** and **nt**, or with the last stroke sweeping below the line, **ri**, **ro**, **US**, **UT**.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29014. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3473. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 186.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2099,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2099,"Script is early Caroline minuscule, rather carelessly written by a fairly able scribe: a, open or closed, the rule, a the exception; d and ꝺ; i-longa occurs now and then initially; N still occurs frequently; ligatures include both NT and nt, or with the last stroke sweeping below the line, ri, ro, US, UT.
","Origin uncertain. Doubtless salvaged from the binding of a Munich manuscript and designated '34 b' by Wilhelm Meyer.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29014. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3473. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 186.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2099.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2099.jpg 2100,1957,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1794,"Written doubtless in South-east Germany to judge from the script (cf., e.g., CLA [9.1329](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1830)). Provenance unknown.",,,,"Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (18.94–111; 41–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 67920",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is well-formed roundish early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms, the open **a** prevailing (often without the upper knob of the first **c**); ascenders have a tendency to lean to the left.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29029. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3441. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2100,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2100,"Script is well-formed roundish early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms, the open a prevailing (often without the upper knob of the first c); ascenders have a tendency to lean to the left.
","Written doubtless in South-east Germany to judge from the script (cf., e.g., CLA 9.1329). Provenance unknown.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29029. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3441.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2100.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2100.jpg 2101,1958,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1795,"Written doubtless in South-east Germany and copied presumably from an Insular exemplar. The script has some similarity to the script of CLM 6229 and the related Freising manuscripts (cf. CLA [9.1251](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1736)). The leaves apparently were taken from the binding of CLM 1250, a fifteenth-century manuscript of unknown provenance containing legal tracts and the acts of the Council of Basel.",,,,"Beda Venerabilis, Homiliae in Lucam; Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.25).",Parchment,,,"TM 67467",,"foll. 1v-4",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; **d** has mostly the minuscule form; **g** is round and Ʒ-shaped; ligatures used include **nt** (with the base of the **t** joining the second shaft of **n** obliquely, not horizontally), **ri**, **us**. The form of capital **Q** is noteworthy.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 fb.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2101,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2101,"Script is early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; d has mostly the minuscule form; g is round and Ʒ-shaped; ligatures used include nt (with the base of the t joining the second shaft of n obliquely, not horizontally), ri, us. The form of capital Q is noteworthy.
","Written doubtless in South-east Germany and copied presumably from an Insular exemplar. The script has some similarity to the script of CLM 6229 and the related Freising manuscripts (cf. CLA 9.1251). The leaves apparently were taken from the binding of CLM 1250, a fifteenth-century manuscript of unknown provenance containing legal tracts and the acts of the Council of Basel.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050. ☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 fb.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2101.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2101.jpg 2102,1959,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1796,"Origin uncertain.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Io 4.10–30).",Parchment,,,"TM 67922",,"Image shows the entire verso ",,,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule: **a** and **d** have two forms; the form of **g** is squashed.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/4. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3372. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2102,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2102,"Script is an early Caroline minuscule: a and d have two forms; the form of g is squashed.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29159/4. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3372.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2102.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2102.jpg 2103,1960,"Irish Majuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1797,"Written doubtless in Ireland. Belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Ratisbon; the only surviving fragment was found in the binding of CLM 14747, a tenth-century manuscript of collected glosses.",,,,"Sacramentarium Celticum: Officium Mortuorum.",Parchment,,,"TM 67923",,"One side of the fragment is shown ",,,"Script is bold, somewhat irregular Irish majuscule with **d** and **R** used more frequently than **ꝺ** and **r**, **n** regularly, and both **S** and **ꞅ**; **y** is typically Insular with both branches curving to the right. The recurrent phrase 'per dominum nostrum . . .', etc., is in minuscule.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 a.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2103,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2103,"Script is bold, somewhat irregular Irish majuscule with d and R used more frequently than ꝺ and r, n regularly, and both S and ꞅ; y is typically Insular with both branches curving to the right. The recurrent phrase 'per dominum nostrum . . .', etc., is in minuscule.
","Written doubtless in Ireland. Belonged to the monastery of St Emmeram at Ratisbon; the only surviving fragment was found in the binding of CLM 14747, a tenth-century manuscript of collected glosses.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2103.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2103.jpg 2104,1961,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1798,"Written in a scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon traditions, doubtless on the Continent. The medieval home of the manuscript may have been a Bavarian monastery: according to modern notes, two of the fragments were salvaged from the binding of an incunabulum which had belonged to the Franciscan convent at Amberg, the other two from a book which came from the Augustinian monastery of Beyharting near Rosenheim.",,,,"Lectionarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67924",,"Image shows parts of two folios ",,,"Script, by a good scribe, is somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule with longish descenders, on the whole inclined to the left: open **a** and **ꝺ** are used throughout; less than justice is done to the **g**. Corrections in contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule and in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 c. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3403. ",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2104,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2104,"Script, by a good scribe, is somewhat diluted Anglo-Saxon minuscule with longish descenders, on the whole inclined to the left: open a and ꝺ are used throughout; less than justice is done to the g. Corrections in contemporary Anglo-Saxon minuscule and in Caroline minuscule saec. IX and X.
","Written in a scriptorium with Anglo-Saxon traditions, doubtless on the Continent. The medieval home of the manuscript may have been a Bavarian monastery: according to modern notes, two of the fragments were salvaged from the binding of an incunabulum which had belonged to the Franciscan convent at Amberg, the other two from a book which came from the Augustinian monastery of Beyharting near Rosenheim.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 c. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3403.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2104.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2104.jpg 2105,1962,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1799,"Origin uncertain, presumably South-east Germany. The fragment was salvaged from the binding of a fifteenth-century theological manuscript which belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Indersdorf between Freising and Augsburg.",,,,"Liturgia Paschalis (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67925",,"Image from one side of the bifolium ",,,"Script is an early minuscule which has not yet reached a Carolingian standard: **a** is frequent; **i** going below the line occurs after **l** and **ꞇ** (for both the hard and soft sounds); ligatures include **ct**, **ei**, **or**, **ra**, **ri**, **us**. Corrections and interlinear additions by contemporary and tenth-century (?) hands.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 d. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3385. ",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2105,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2105,"Script is an early minuscule which has not yet reached a Carolingian standard: a is frequent; i going below the line occurs after l and ꞇ (for both the hard and soft sounds); ligatures include ct, ei, or, ra, ri, us. Corrections and interlinear additions by contemporary and tenth-century (?) hands.
","Origin uncertain, presumably South-east Germany. The fragment was salvaged from the binding of a fifteenth-century theological manuscript which belonged to the Benedictine monastery of Indersdorf between Freising and Augsburg.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 d. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3385.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2105.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2105.jpg 2106,1963,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S,1800,"Written most likely in South-east Germany, to judge by all the features of the script. The fragment was taken from the binding of CLM 17164, a legal manuscript saec. XIII–XIV which belonged to the monastery of Schäftlarn.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gregorianum (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67926",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule: **a** has two forms; **d** is mostly minuscule; **g** is broad; noteworthy is the form of **t** after **n**, and even after **m**, a feature frequently encountered in manuscripts of the St Gall-Reichenau region.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 e. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3386. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2106,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2106,"Script is a well-formed early Caroline minuscule: a has two forms; d is mostly minuscule; g is broad; noteworthy is the form of t after n, and even after m, a feature frequently encountered in manuscripts of the St Gall-Reichenau region.
","Written most likely in South-east Germany, to judge by all the features of the script. The fragment was taken from the binding of CLM 17164, a legal manuscript saec. XIII–XIV which belonged to the monastery of Schäftlarn.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29163 e. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3386.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2106.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2106.jpg 2107,1964,Uncial,VI,501,600,S,1801,"Written in Italy, as one can judge from its marked similarity to the Ancona Gospels (CLA [3.278](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/611)). The strips were used in an early binding of Johannes Leunclavius, Ius Graeco-Romanum, vol. 2, printed in Frankfurt in 1595 and owned by Lord Herbert of Cherbury (†1648). Later in the possession of the Earl of Powis from whom it was obtained by the dealer H. P. Kraus in 1967.",3,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelium (Vulgata, Mt 6.22–28, 8.8–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 67927",,"fol. 1 (Matth. VI. 22-24, 24-25)",,,"Script is regular stately uncial not of the oldest type, to be compared to the [Ancona Gospels](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/611) mentioned above: the bow of **A** is attenuated and pointed; the upper bow of **B** forms a small triangle; the hasta of **E** is fairly high; the base of **L** terminates in a tiny triangle; the top of **T** usually has a thickening only at the left; bows and round letters are ample and full-blown.","☛Formerly New York, Private collection H. P. Kraus number unknown.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2107,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2107,"Script is regular stately uncial not of the oldest type, to be compared to the Ancona Gospels mentioned above: the bow of A is attenuated and pointed; the upper bow of B forms a small triangle; the hasta of E is fairly high; the base of L terminates in a tiny triangle; the top of T usually has a thickening only at the left; bows and round letters are ample and full-blown.
","Written in Italy, as one can judge from its marked similarity to the Ancona Gospels (CLA 3.278). The strips were used in an early binding of Johannes Leunclavius, Ius Graeco-Romanum, vol. 2, printed in Frankfurt in 1595 and owned by Lord Herbert of Cherbury (†1648). Later in the possession of the Earl of Powis from whom it was obtained by the dealer H. P. Kraus in 1967.
","☛Formerly New York, Private collection H. P. Kraus number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2107.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2107.jpg 2108,1965,"Mixed Half-Uncial",V,401,500,S,1802,"Written probably in Egypt. The papyrus has suffered much with the years and is now almost illegible. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani (?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 64894",,"Image shows most of the legible script ",http://papyri.info/ddbdp/chr.mitt;;380,,"Script is crude, uncalligraphic half-uncial with uncial admixture: **b**, **d**, **Ᵹ**, **m**, and **r** are half-uncial, **E** and **S** are uncial; here and there **a** has its second stroke looped, recalling the Greek form; **Ᵹ** is squat; tall **I** is used indifferently; **r** is occasionally square-shouldered; **S** is top-heavy.","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown. ☛Chrest. Mitt. 380. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 244.",3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2108,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2108,"Script is crude, uncalligraphic half-uncial with uncial admixture: b, d, Ᵹ, m, and r are half-uncial, E and S are uncial; here and there a has its second stroke looped, recalling the Greek form; Ᵹ is squat; tall I is used indifferently; r is occasionally square-shouldered; S is top-heavy.
","Written probably in Egypt. The papyrus has suffered much with the years and is now almost illegible. Formerly in the collection of Lord Amherst of Hackney.
","☛Formerly Norfolk, Private collection Amherst number unknown. ☛Chrest. Mitt. 380. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 244.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2108.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2108.jpg 2109,1966,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S,1803,"Written by an expert Anglo-Saxon scribe, presumably in a South English centre such as Nutscelle. The fragments were used for binding a copy book of the obligations of the Kaufungen Stift.",,,,"Bonifatius, Grammatica (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67928",,"Image from the verso of fol. 3 (originally fol. 6 of the quire)",,,"Script is rapid, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule: **a** is regularly open at the top; **ꝺ** is the rule; the upper part of **f** often descends to the tongue, the whole resembling capital **R**; **Ᵹ** resembles a flat-topped Arabic 3; **l** frequently extends below the following vowel; the bow of **q** is open at the top; the first stroke of **u** is often pendant; ligatures with **e** and **t** (including **tem**, **ter**, **tri**) are frequent; **ę** and **n** with subscript **i** occur. In some lines the final letter or letters are placed above the preceding. Contemporary corrections in the same script. Letters **a** through **h** in ca. tenth-century charter script in the margin of fol. 1.","☛Formerly Marburg, Hessisches Staatsarchiv Kaufunger Fragmente.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2109,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2109,"Script is rapid, expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule: a is regularly open at the top; ꝺ is the rule; the upper part of f often descends to the tongue, the whole resembling capital R; Ᵹ resembles a flat-topped Arabic 3; l frequently extends below the following vowel; the bow of q is open at the top; the first stroke of u is often pendant; ligatures with e and t (including tem, ter, tri) are frequent; ę and n with subscript i occur. In some lines the final letter or letters are placed above the preceding. Contemporary corrections in the same script. Letters a through h in ca. tenth-century charter script in the margin of fol. 1.
","Written by an expert Anglo-Saxon scribe, presumably in a South English centre such as Nutscelle. The fragments were used for binding a copy book of the obligations of the Kaufungen Stift.
","☛Formerly Marburg, Hessisches Staatsarchiv Kaufunger Fragmente.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2109.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2109.jpg 2110,1967,Uncial,VII,601,700,S,1804,"Written presumably in Italy. Provenance Fleury.",3,,,"Origenes, Commentarii in Paulum Ad Romanos.",Parchment,,,"TM 67929",,"Image shows a mirror view from the upper and central portions of the offset ",,,"Script is regular Italian uncial, not of the oldest type and lacking the grace of such sixth-century products as the Ancona and Cividale gospels (CLA [3.278](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/611), 285, and [10.**285](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/152)): the bow of **A** is meagre; the hasta of **E** is central; the bows of **P** and **q** are full, that of **P** does not always close. The words visible on lines 24–25 have been identified as Gn 6.3.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF578.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2110,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2110,"Script is regular Italian uncial, not of the oldest type and lacking the grace of such sixth-century products as the Ancona and Cividale gospels (CLA 3.278, 285, and 10.**285): the bow of A is meagre; the hasta of E is central; the bows of P and q are full, that of P does not always close. The words visible on lines 24–25 have been identified as Gn 6.3.
","Written presumably in Italy. Provenance Fleury.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF578.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2110.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2110.jpg 2111,1968,"Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S,1805,"Written doubtless in South-east Germany, probably in some poor parish, to judge from the quality of the calendar, and presumably in the region of Regensburg where St Zeno (cf . 8 Dec.) had a church from early times; his liturgical date is the same as in the Prague Sacramentary (CLA [10.1563](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/288)), which may have been written for Regensburg use. The fragment is kept among religious relics preserved in the Sacristy.",,,,"Kalendarium (fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 67930",,"Entire recto shown ",,,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe: **a** has two forms; **z** goes below the line; ligatures include **ec**, **em**, **en**.","☛Formerly Regensburg, Klosterkirche St Emmeram without number.",,,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2111,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2111,"Script is early Caroline minuscule by an inexpert scribe: a has two forms; z goes below the line; ligatures include ec, em, en.
","Written doubtless in South-east Germany, probably in some poor parish, to judge from the quality of the calendar, and presumably in the region of Regensburg where St Zeno (cf . 8 Dec.) had a church from early times; his liturgical date is the same as in the Prague Sacramentary (CLA 10.1563), which may have been written for Regensburg use. The fragment is kept among religious relics preserved in the Sacristy.
","☛Formerly Regensburg, Klosterkirche St Emmeram without number.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2111.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2111.jpg 2112,1969,"Anglo-Saxon Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1806,"Written in Southwest England. The palaeography of the fragment and the fact that it was found in a small parochial archive not too far from Fulda make it highly probable that the medieval history of the manuscript was connected with Fulda. It may actually have been brought to Germany by St Boniface or by his English pupils or companions.",,,,"Servius, Commentarius in Vergilii Aeneida (in 3.561–5.638, 7.710–8.713, excerpta).",Parchment,,,"TM 67931",,"fol. 1 ",,,"Script is rapid cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the type seen in the marginalia of the Codex Fuldensis of the New Testament (CLA [8.1196](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1672)), doubtless connected with St Boniface and his circle (cf. also CLA [2.237](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/556); [11.1618](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/372)): **a** and **d** have two forms; **g** resembles a longish flat-topped Arabic 3; the bow of **q** is open, and one form begins with a fore-stroke; **y** resembles a sloping Insular ꞅ; ligatures are numerous and include **em**, **en**, **er** (all with the lower bow of **e** reversed), **fi**, **ti**, **us**. The word 'talaria' is followed by the Anglo-Saxon gloss 'fether haman' with 'sax[onice]' above the line (see fol. 1, l. 1).",,,,2,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2112,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2112,"Script is rapid cursive Anglo-Saxon minuscule of the type seen in the marginalia of the Codex Fuldensis of the New Testament (CLA 8.1196), doubtless connected with St Boniface and his circle (cf. also CLA 2.237; 11.1618): a and d have two forms; g resembles a longish flat-topped Arabic 3; the bow of q is open, and one form begins with a fore-stroke; y resembles a sloping Insular ꞅ; ligatures are numerous and include em, en, er (all with the lower bow of e reversed), fi, ti, us. The word 'talaria' is followed by the Anglo-Saxon gloss 'fether haman' with 'sax[onice]' above the line (see fol. 1, l. 1).
","Written in Southwest England. The palaeography of the fragment and the fact that it was found in a small parochial archive not too far from Fulda make it highly probable that the medieval history of the manuscript was connected with Fulda. It may actually have been brought to Germany by St Boniface or by his English pupils or companions.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2112.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2112.jpg 2113,1970,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VIII in",701,725,S,1807,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. The fragments were salvaged from the binding of the fifteenth-century chartulary of the old nunnery of St Irmina in Oehren near Trier (Stadtbibl. MS 2099/686).",,,,"Augustinus, Sermones.",Parchment,,,"TM 67932",,"Image shows the page with the initial",,,"Script is characteristic Luxeuil minuscule not of the oldest type: **t** is often in ligature; **ti** ligature is used for both the soft and hard sounds.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 34 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2113,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2113,"Script is characteristic Luxeuil minuscule not of the oldest type: t is often in ligature; ti ligature is used for both the soft and hard sounds.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. The fragments were salvaged from the binding of the fifteenth-century chartulary of the old nunnery of St Irmina in Oehren near Trier (Stadtbibl. MS 2099/686).
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 34 (MSS with other close relationships to Luxeuil).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2113.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2113.jpg 2114,1971,"Luxeuil Minuscule","VII ex",676,700,S,1808,"Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Provenance unknown.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 67933",,"Image shows part of the recto",,,"Script is apparently an early stage of the Luxeuil type with letters compressed, reminiscent of Merovingian charters: the bow of **d** after **o** is open; **i**-longa occurs initially; **o** has a tiny horn curving to the right; script on the whole leans to the left; ascenders and descenders are unusually long; **ri** and ligatures with **t** are frequent; **ti** ligature is used for both the hard and soft sounds.","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 16, dates to VII ex–VIII in.",,,8,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2114,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2114,"Script is apparently an early stage of the Luxeuil type with letters compressed, reminiscent of Merovingian charters: the bow of d after o is open; i-longa occurs initially; o has a tiny horn curving to the right; script on the whole leans to the left; ascenders and descenders are unusually long; ri and ligatures with t are frequent; ti ligature is used for both the hard and soft sounds.
","Written at Luxeuil or an affiliated house. Provenance unknown.
","☛Tewes, Luxeuil No. 16, dates to VII ex–VIII in.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2114.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2114.jpg 2115,1972,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S,1809,"Written doubtless in north-east France. Provenance unknown.",,,,"Canonum Collectio Andegavensis (Tit. 37–38).",Parchment,,,"TM 67934",,"One entire side shown",,,"Script is a curious and awkward type of pre-Caroline minuscule, manifestly derived from 'Corbie’ a-b script: **a** resembles contiguous **oc**; the stem of **d** extends below the line, a feature of the ab type; small uncial **ꝺ** and **N** occur in the minuscule; **l** is broken near the base; **o** is regularly horned; noteworthy is the form of **ꞇ** at the end of a word; superior **a** occurs here and there; numerous ligatures.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2115,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2115,"Script is a curious and awkward type of pre-Caroline minuscule, manifestly derived from 'Corbie’ a-b script: a resembles contiguous oc; the stem of d extends below the line, a feature of the ab type; small uncial ꝺ and N occur in the minuscule; l is broken near the base; o is regularly horned; noteworthy is the form of ꞇ at the end of a word; superior a occurs here and there; numerous ligatures.
","Written doubtless in north-east France. Provenance unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2115.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2115.jpg 2116,1973,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S,1810,"Written probably at Bobbio, where the fragment was used for binding purposes (cf. the twelfth-century ex-libris on the verso of the first leaf).",,44.7701,9.386,"Liber Pontificalis (fragm.: Hormisdas, Iohannes 1).",Parchment,,,"TM 67935",,"Image from the verso of the first leaf ",,,"Script is crude minuscule based on cursive, so similar to that of the Rhythmus Longobardicus entered in CLA [3.323b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/660), as to seem by the same hand, certainly a product of the same scriptorium: **d** has two forms; the shaft of **h** often bends backwards; **i**-longa is frequently used initially; **y** is dotted; ligatures are numerous and include leaf-shaped **ep**, **ri** with the last stroke thrusting boldly to the right below the line; **ti** ligature is used for both the hard and the soft sounds.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2116,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2116,"Script is crude minuscule based on cursive, so similar to that of the Rhythmus Longobardicus entered in CLA 3.323b, as to seem by the same hand, certainly a product of the same scriptorium: d has two forms; the shaft of h often bends backwards; i-longa is frequently used initially; y is dotted; ligatures are numerous and include leaf-shaped ep, ri with the last stroke thrusting boldly to the right below the line; ti ligature is used for both the hard and the soft sounds.
","Written probably at Bobbio, where the fragment was used for binding purposes (cf. the twelfth-century ex-libris on the verso of the first leaf).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2116.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2116.jpg 2117,1974,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII,701,800,S,1811,"Written doubtless in France in a centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. The fragment was used as a book-jacket. It belongs to the collection formed by Carl Freiherr von Hardenberg in the second half of the nineteenth century. Given to the Weimar Staatsarchiv by Professor Günther Behm in 1955.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Prophetae maiores (Vulgata, Ier 4.28–5.12).",Parchment,,,"TM 67936",,"Image from the verso ",,,"Script is a curious, regular, somewhat stiff pre-Caroline minuscule showing Insular influence: **a** either consists of two **c**s or has the triangular form with thorn-like bow found in Insular majuscule; **c** often has a forestroke; **ꝺ** occurs rarely; **f** is low and its tongue rests on the line; **g** is flat-topped; the ascender of **h** occasionally bends to the left; **i**-longa here and there at the beginning of words; many short vertical strokes begin with a wedge; numerous ligatures including **te**, **tu**, **ti** which is used for assibilated **ti**, and **ri** in a form apparently alien to the scribe.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2117,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2117,"Script is a curious, regular, somewhat stiff pre-Caroline minuscule showing Insular influence: a either consists of two cs or has the triangular form with thorn-like bow found in Insular majuscule; c often has a forestroke; ꝺ occurs rarely; f is low and its tongue rests on the line; g is flat-topped; the ascender of h occasionally bends to the left; i-longa here and there at the beginning of words; many short vertical strokes begin with a wedge; numerous ligatures including te, tu, ti which is used for assibilated ti, and ri in a form apparently alien to the scribe.
","Written doubtless in France in a centre with Anglo-Saxon connections. The fragment was used as a book-jacket. It belongs to the collection formed by Carl Freiherr von Hardenberg in the second half of the nineteenth century. Given to the Weimar Staatsarchiv by Professor Günther Behm in 1955.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S/2117.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S/2117.jpg 2118,1975,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex vel VIII–IX",701,900,S1,1812,"Origin perhaps Southwest Germany. The fragment was found in a binding.",,,,"Fredegarius, Chronica (3.52–5).",Parchment,,,"TM 68685",,,,,"Script is a somewhat angular minuscule: **oc** **a** is more frequent than **a**; **i**-longa at the beginning of words; **c** is enlarged in the ligatures **ci**, **cu**; other ligatures are **ri**, **ti** for the assibilated sound. One line in black debased uncial. An attempt was made in the eleventh century to correct the faulty grammar.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 No. 320.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2118,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2118,"Script is a somewhat angular minuscule: oc a is more frequent than a; i-longa at the beginning of words; c is enlarged in the ligatures ci, cu; other ligatures are ri, ti for the assibilated sound. One line in black debased uncial. An attempt was made in the eleventh century to correct the faulty grammar.
","Origin perhaps Southwest Germany. The fragment was found in a binding.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 No. 320.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2118.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2118.jpg 2119,1976,"Later Roman Cursive",IV²,351,400,S1,1813,"Written doubtless in Egypt where it was found. Provenance unknown. Purchased with other papyri from the Fayûm.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.211–756, 2.51–121, fragm.) cum versione Graeca.",Papyrus,,,"TM 62957",,,,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/Original/P_21138-Pl-B_V_3.jpg,"Script is a later Roman cursive: **d**, **m**, **r**, **s** have the minuscule form; **e** rises well above the line; **N**, written by itself, is usually majuscule; **o** is small; **u** is often written suprascript.","☛Seider II.1 no. 65 pl. XXXVII. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 4.",,2,17,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2119,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2119,"Script is a later Roman cursive: d, m, r, s have the minuscule form; e rises well above the line; N, written by itself, is usually majuscule; o is small; u is often written suprascript.
","Written doubtless in Egypt where it was found. Provenance unknown. Purchased with other papyri from the Fayûm.
","☛Seider II.1 no. 65 pl. XXXVII. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2119.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2119.jpg 2120,1977,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1814,"Written in France in a centre of high standard. The manuscript into which the fragments were bound belonged to Micy. It came to Bern with the library of Jacques Bongars (†1612).",,,,"Passiones Sanctorum (Anastasia, Afra).",Parchment,,,"TM 68686",,,,,"Script, by more than one band, is a calligraphic upright minuscule with very long ascenders; **oc** **a** is more frequent than **a**; among the ligatures: **et**, **fr**, **ra**, **ro**, **te**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 496. ☛Mostert, Fleury BF31.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2120,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2120,"Script, by more than one band, is a calligraphic upright minuscule with very long ascenders; oc a is more frequent than a; among the ligatures: et, fr, ra, ro, te.
","Written in France in a centre of high standard. The manuscript into which the fragments were bound belonged to Micy. It came to Bern with the library of Jacques Bongars (†1612).
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 496. ☛Mostert, Fleury BF31.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2120.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2120.jpg 2121,1978,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S1,1815,"Written probably in Switzerland.",,,,"Defensor, Liber Scintillarum (64–66, 75–77, Exc.); Alphabetum Gromaticum.",Parchment,,,"TM 68687",,,,,"Script is a tiny low minuscule with **oc** **a** and **a**, **d** and **ꝺ**; the horizontal stroke of **t** often curves down at the left; ligatures are relatively numerous and include **fi**, **mi**, **ri**, **ro**, **rs**, **rt**, **ti** for the soft sound.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2121,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2121,"Script is a tiny low minuscule with oc a and a, d and ꝺ; the horizontal stroke of t often curves down at the left; ligatures are relatively numerous and include fi, mi, ri, ro, rs, rt, ti for the soft sound.
","Written probably in Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2121.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2121.jpg 2122,1979,"Mixed Rustic Capital",I²,51,100,S1,1816,"Origin uncertain. Found in 1966 at Medînet Mâdi (Narmuthis), Egypt.",,,,"Vergilius, Bucolica (8.53–62).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62946",,,,,"Script is Rustic Capital in the transitional stage: **A** has no bar; **D** and **E** approximate to the uncial forms; the foot of **L** goes below the base-line; **R** resembles **A**; there is no distinction made between thick and thin strokes.","☛CLA date (II¹ (?)) changed to follow S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 41–2. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 31, also dates to I².",3,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2122,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2122,"Script is Rustic Capital in the transitional stage: A has no bar; D and E approximate to the uncial forms; the foot of L goes below the base-line; R resembles A; there is no distinction made between thick and thin strokes.
","Origin uncertain. Found in 1966 at Medînet Mâdi (Narmuthis), Egypt.
","☛CLA date (II¹ (?)) changed to follow S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010), p. 41–2. ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 31, also dates to I².
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2122.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2122.jpg 2123,1980,"Rustic Capital","I (50 BC–AD 25)",-50,25,S1,1817,"Written in ltaly or possibly (during Gallus' Egyptian prefecture) in Egypt. Found in 1978 in Qasr Ibrîm in a refuse deposit.",,,,"Cornelius Gallus, Opus incertum.",Papyrus,,,"TM 59474",,,,,"Script is a small slightly uneven Rustic Capitai and constitutes one of the oldest examples of this type of writing. In the Gallus fragment **A** is barred; upper loop of **B** and **R** is narrow; **M** and **N** are broad; **O** has sometimes a pointed, sometimes a flattened top; **V** is often rather broad; **Y** is formed like Greek upsilon.","☛Mertens-Pack 2924.1. ☛For authenticity, see M. Capasso and P. Radociotti, Pap. Lupiensia 8 (1999) 117–35; Pap. Lupiensia 11 (2002) 249–51; P. A. Gagliardi, Prometheus 36 (2010) 55 n.1; P. Gagliardi, ZPE 176 (2011) 82–95; S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010) 33–4.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2123,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2123,"Script is a small slightly uneven Rustic Capitai and constitutes one of the oldest examples of this type of writing. In the Gallus fragment A is barred; upper loop of B and R is narrow; M and N are broad; O has sometimes a pointed, sometimes a flattened top; V is often rather broad; Y is formed like Greek upsilon.
","Written in ltaly or possibly (during Gallus' Egyptian prefecture) in Egypt. Found in 1978 in Qasr Ibrîm in a refuse deposit.
","☛Mertens-Pack 2924.1. ☛For authenticity, see M. Capasso and P. Radociotti, Pap. Lupiensia 8 (1999) 117–35; Pap. Lupiensia 11 (2002) 249–51; P. A. Gagliardi, Prometheus 36 (2010) 55 n.1; P. Gagliardi, ZPE 176 (2011) 82–95; S. Ammirati, Scripta 3 (2010) 33–4.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2123.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2123.jpg 2124,1981,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S1,1818,"Written presumably in France. The fragment was No. 15105² in the Phillipps collection. Bought at the 1913 Phillipps sale by H. A. Selden. Acquired by the University Library in 1916.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (4.6.19–8.12).",Parchment,,,"TM 68688",,,,,"Script is an easy flowing early minuscule with only **oc** **a**. **N** occasionally; ligatures numerous, especially with **e**, **r** and **t**, among them **eo**, **eti**, **eu**, **ri**, **ro**, **te**, **ti** (for the hard and soft sound), **tri**, **tu**.","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 15105.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2124,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2124,"Script is an easy flowing early minuscule with only oc a. N occasionally; ligatures numerous, especially with e, r and t, among them eo, eti, eu, ri, ro, te, ti (for the hard and soft sound), tri, tu.
","Written presumably in France. The fragment was No. 15105² in the Phillipps collection. Bought at the 1913 Phillipps sale by H. A. Selden. Acquired by the University Library in 1916.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 15105.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2124.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2124.jpg 2125,1982,"Irish Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,S1,1819,"Written presumably in Ireland. Removed from a binding. The leaf was purchased by the bookseller Willy Heimann from a private source in Sweden and then bought by Bernard M. Rosenthal in 1971 from whom Harvard University acquired it in 1978.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Lc 16.27–17.26).",Parchment,"Rosenthal fragment. (λ)",,"TM 68689",,,,http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL.HOUGH:3429165,"Script is a late ungainly Irish majuscule with some minuscule elements: **d**, **n**, **r** occur regularly; the majuscule and minuscule forms of **s** are used indifferently; ligatures with **e** are frequent, including **eg**, **em**, **er**, **es**, **eu**. Some slight corrections. The verso was used to practice writing some large letters (probably saec. XII).",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2125,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2125,"Script is a late ungainly Irish majuscule with some minuscule elements: d, n, r occur regularly; the majuscule and minuscule forms of s are used indifferently; ligatures with e are frequent, including eg, em, er, es, eu. Some slight corrections. The verso was used to practice writing some large letters (probably saec. XII).
","Written presumably in Ireland. Removed from a binding. The leaf was purchased by the bookseller Willy Heimann from a private source in Sweden and then bought by Bernard M. Rosenthal in 1971 from whom Harvard University acquired it in 1978.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2125.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2125.jpg 2126,1983,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S1,1820,"Written presumably in Germany in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (21, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 68690",,,,,"Script is a well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with **a** and **ꝺ** only; **c** and **s** also have tall initial forms; the lower half of **g** sweeps markedly to the right; ligatures include **aet**, **st**, **ti**, **tis**, **tio** and even **tion**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1829.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2126,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2126,"Script is a well-formed Anglo-Saxon minuscule with a and ꝺ only; c and s also have tall initial forms; the lower half of g sweeps markedly to the right; ligatures include aet, st, ti, tis, tio and even tion.
","Written presumably in Germany in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1829.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2126.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2126.jpg 2127,1984,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1821,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Used for binding a book printed in Geneva in 1638.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas (In Michaeam 3.19–21).",Parchment,,,"TM 68691",,,,,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule with the typical form of **t**: **oc** **a** is more frequent than **a**; ligatures occur of **et**, **mi**, **ni**, **ri**, **ro**.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 922.",,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2127,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2127,"Script is Rhaetian minuscule with the typical form of t: oc a is more frequent than a; ligatures occur of et, mi, ni, ri, ro.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Used for binding a book printed in Geneva in 1638.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 922.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2127.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2127.jpg 2128,1985,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,S1,1822,"Written in Northumbria at Wearmouth or Jarrow. Formerly used as a wrapper for a book printed at Wittenberg in 1587.",,,,"Beda, De Temporum Ratione (26–28).",Parchment,,,"TM 68683",,,,,"Script is an expert example of Northumbrian uncial of the capitula type: shallow, sloping **S**, also in ligature with **V**, at line-end. Some corrections and interlinear glosses in Caroline minuscule saec. IX².","☛Gneuss no. 818.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2128,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2128,"Script is an expert example of Northumbrian uncial of the capitula type: shallow, sloping S, also in ligature with V, at line-end. Some corrections and interlinear glosses in Caroline minuscule saec. IX².
","Written in Northumbria at Wearmouth or Jarrow. Formerly used as a wrapper for a book printed at Wittenberg in 1587.
","☛Gneuss no. 818.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2128.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2128.jpg 2129,1986,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1823,"Written in North ltaly, most probably at Nonantola. The fragment was salvaged from Eichstätt MS 477, a fifteenth-century Bavarian copy of lectures held by Paduan law professors.",,,,"Translatio Benedicti; Simplicius, Opus Incertum; Regula Benedicti.",Parchment,,,"TM 68692",,,,,"Script is a roundish typically North ltalian minuscule with **oc** **a** more frequent than **a**; **c** and high broken **c**; two forms of **d**; **t** with the top stroke curved down at the left; many ligatures with **e**, **r** and **t**. The script may be compared to London, British Library Add. MS 43460 (CLA [2.180](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/495)).","☛Bischoff Katalog 1 no. 1093. ☛Keller, Die mittelalterlichen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Eichstätt 3 codex 477 a.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2129,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2129,"Script is a roundish typically North ltalian minuscule with oc a more frequent than a; c and high broken c; two forms of d; t with the top stroke curved down at the left; many ligatures with e, r and t. The script may be compared to London, British Library Add. MS 43460 (CLA 2.180).
","Written in North ltaly, most probably at Nonantola. The fragment was salvaged from Eichstätt MS 477, a fifteenth-century Bavarian copy of lectures held by Paduan law professors.
","☛Bischoff Katalog 1 no. 1093. ☛Keller, Die mittelalterlichen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Eichstätt 3 codex 477 a.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2129.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2129.jpg 2130,1987,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S1,1824,"Written presumably in North ltaly. Rewritten in the Rhaetian area in the frrst half of the ninth century. Later used as jacket to a Flums 'Urbar' of the year 1590.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Psalterium (Vulgata, Ps 112.4–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 68693",,,,,"Script is uncial of poor quality mixed with half-uncial elements. Letters are of uneven height; **a** is half-uncial; **D** is uncial in line 1 while in line 2 with the stem almost upright it approaches a half-uncial form; **S** exceeds the other letters above and below; half-uncial **en** in ligature.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2130,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2130,"Script is uncial of poor quality mixed with half-uncial elements. Letters are of uneven height; a is half-uncial; D is uncial in line 1 while in line 2 with the stem almost upright it approaches a half-uncial form; S exceeds the other letters above and below; half-uncial en in ligature.
","Written presumably in North ltaly. Rewritten in the Rhaetian area in the frrst half of the ninth century. Later used as jacket to a Flums 'Urbar' of the year 1590.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2130.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2130.jpg 2131,1988,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,S1,1825,"Origin probably Italy. The fragment was used to reinforce the binding of a 1554 edition of Dioscorides bound by the Freiburg binder Caspar Reppich. In all probability it is a remnant of the Lorsch manuscript which had been used by Johannes Sichardus for his editio princeps of 1527. Like other Lorsch manuscripts it may bave belonged to Charlemagne's court library; this may explain why another copy is attested in the catalogue of Saint-Riquier of 831, as Saint-Riquier probably had copies made from books of the court library.",,,,"Philo Iudaeus, Quaestiones super Genesin et Exodum (235–237, 244–245).",Parchment,,,"TM 68694",,,,,"Script, mostly scriptura continua, is a firm uncial of a later type with shafts slightly bending to the left—this is especially noticeable with the descenders; **LL** run together. Words are separated by thin strokes probably added by the editor Johannes Sichardus.","☛Freiburg [catalogue entry](http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/digi-pdf-katalogisate/sammlung50/werk/pdf/ubfr_fragm63.pdf).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2131,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2131,"Script, mostly scriptura continua, is a firm uncial of a later type with shafts slightly bending to the left—this is especially noticeable with the descenders; LL run together. Words are separated by thin strokes probably added by the editor Johannes Sichardus.
","Origin probably Italy. The fragment was used to reinforce the binding of a 1554 edition of Dioscorides bound by the Freiburg binder Caspar Reppich. In all probability it is a remnant of the Lorsch manuscript which had been used by Johannes Sichardus for his editio princeps of 1527. Like other Lorsch manuscripts it may bave belonged to Charlemagne's court library; this may explain why another copy is attested in the catalogue of Saint-Riquier of 831, as Saint-Riquier probably had copies made from books of the court library.
","☛Freiburg catalogue entry.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2131.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2131.jpg 2132,1989,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S1,1826,"Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Epistulam ad Galatas (2–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 68695",,,,,"Script is a curiously angular Anglo-Saxon minuscule with short descenders; **i** after **r** and in the ligatures **ci**, **si** and **ti** forms a distinct curve. Contemporary corrections in a stiff Insular hand. The first few words of Book 3 are in a slightly more stately script.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2132,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2132,"Script is a curiously angular Anglo-Saxon minuscule with short descenders; i after r and in the ligatures ci, si and ti forms a distinct curve. Contemporary corrections in a stiff Insular hand. The first few words of Book 3 are in a slightly more stately script.
","Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2132.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2132.jpg 2133,1990,"Cursive Minuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S1,1827,"Written in Northeast France, possibly at Corbie. Removed from a binding. Acquired in 1980.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (3 Rg 21.7–15, 22.5–12, 4 Rg 1.1–6, 2.6–14, 4.40–5.10, 5.12–27, 7.4–8.13).",Parchment,,,"TM 68696",,,,,"Script is a bold Merovingian cursive to be compared with Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Lat. 17655 (CLA [5.671](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1056)) although slightly more settled: **oc** **a** normally; the shaft of **d** often descends below the base-line; **o** is small, with a hook at the top; **y** is gamma-shaped and dotted; **u** after **q** can be attached as a bow bending down to **e** following; ascenders are thick, leaning to the left or right. On fol. 2r 'Liber Quartus' in big capitals added probably in the ninth century.","☛A. Derolez, 'Fragments d'un nouveau manuscrit en écriture précaroline' [Scriptorium 36 (1982) 236–8](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1982_num_36_2_1270).",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2133,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2133,"Script is a bold Merovingian cursive to be compared with Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale Lat. 17655 (CLA 5.671) although slightly more settled: oc a normally; the shaft of d often descends below the base-line; o is small, with a hook at the top; y is gamma-shaped and dotted; u after q can be attached as a bow bending down to e following; ascenders are thick, leaning to the left or right. On fol. 2r 'Liber Quartus' in big capitals added probably in the ninth century.
","Written in Northeast France, possibly at Corbie. Removed from a binding. Acquired in 1980.
","☛A. Derolez, 'Fragments d'un nouveau manuscrit en écriture précaroline' Scriptorium 36 (1982) 236–8.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2133.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2133.jpg 2134,1991,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1828,"Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in the Main region or in Hessen. The leaves were salvaged from the binding of Giessen MS 815, which at the end of the fifteenth century belonged to the monastery of Butzbach. Possibly a Butzbach scribe about 1500 tried to imitate the script of these leaves on sheets now kept in MS 1250.",,,,"Sacramentarium Gregorianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 68697",,"☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1393. ",,,"Script is straight and narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with very long descenders: open **a** occurs; **g** with a protruding chest. Small interlinear correction in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1393.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2134,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2134,"Script is straight and narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with very long descenders: open a occurs; g with a protruding chest. Small interlinear correction in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in an Anglo-Saxon centre in the Main region or in Hessen. The leaves were salvaged from the binding of Giessen MS 815, which at the end of the fifteenth century belonged to the monastery of Butzbach. Possibly a Butzbach scribe about 1500 tried to imitate the script of these leaves on sheets now kept in MS 1250.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 1393.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2134.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2134.jpg 2135,1992,Uncial,VIII,701,800,S1,1829,"Written doubtless in Italy. Later history unknown.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 11.50–12.5, 22.40–53).",Parchment,,,"TM 68698",,,,,"Script is a carefully written uncial with long ascenders cut horizontally and with pointed descenders: **S** is distinctly top-heavy; **V** occurs suprascript at line-end.","☛Formerly, Grenoble, Bibliothèque de l'Évêché s.n.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2135,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2135,"Script is a carefully written uncial with long ascenders cut horizontally and with pointed descenders: S is distinctly top-heavy; V occurs suprascript at line-end.
","Written doubtless in Italy. Later history unknown.
","☛Formerly, Grenoble, Bibliothèque de l'Évêché s.n.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2135.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2135.jpg 2136,1993,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S1,1830,"Written most probably in ltaly. Formerly used as final fly-leaves for Qu. Cod. 93d, part of a fifteenth-century Bible probably from Magdeburg-Sudenberg, which belonged in 1439 to Pfarrer Friedrich in Domersleben b. Magdeburg; now detached and preserved separately. Transferred in 1938–9 from the Gymnasialbibliothek, Quedlinburg.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (4.26–27, 29).",Parchment,,,"TM 68699",,,,,"Script is a rather carefully written uncial of a late type: the bow of **A** is a small oval placed horizontally above the base-line; **D** has a short stem; the tail of **G** is long and often straight before ending in a slight curve to the left; **LL** run together; the second stroke of **N** is comma-shaped; thick finials hang down from the crossbar of **T**.","☛Formerly Halle, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Qu. Cod. 93d (fragm.).",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2136,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2136,"Script is a rather carefully written uncial of a late type: the bow of A is a small oval placed horizontally above the base-line; D has a short stem; the tail of G is long and often straight before ending in a slight curve to the left; LL run together; the second stroke of N is comma-shaped; thick finials hang down from the crossbar of T.
","Written most probably in ltaly. Formerly used as final fly-leaves for Qu. Cod. 93d, part of a fifteenth-century Bible probably from Magdeburg-Sudenberg, which belonged in 1439 to Pfarrer Friedrich in Domersleben b. Magdeburg; now detached and preserved separately. Transferred in 1938–9 from the Gymnasialbibliothek, Quedlinburg.
","☛Formerly Halle, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Qu. Cod. 93d (fragm.).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2136.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2136.jpg 2137,1994,"Anglo-Saxon Half-Uncial and Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1831,"Written in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, most likely at Hersfeld. The bifolium served as the jacket to a book of accounts of the year 1589.",,,,"Paterius, Liber Testimoniorum Veteris Testamenti ex Opusculis S Gregorii; Gregorius Magnus, Opus Incertum? (In Genesim 26–32).",Parchment,,,"TM 68700",,,,,"The main script is narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with very long descenders: open **a** occurs, also in ligature with **e**.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2137,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2137,"The main script is narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with very long descenders: open a occurs, also in ligature with e.
","Written in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions, most likely at Hersfeld. The bifolium served as the jacket to a book of accounts of the year 1589.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2137.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2137.jpg 2139,1995,"Early B-R Uncial",V¹,401,450,S1,1832,"Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (1.615–21) cum versione Graeca (1.622–8).",Parchment,,,"TM 62968",,,,http://www.csad.ox.ac.uk/POxy/papyri/vol50/pages/3553.htm,"Script is careful uncial of a distinct type associated primarily with legal manuscripts: the bow of **A** is small, thin and angular; **B** rises above the line; the tongue of **E** is thin; the two uprights of **N** are thick and the cross-stroke thin, as in Greek uncial; the upright of **R** descends below the line, the bow touches the line, and the last stroke is almost horizontal.","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 9 (date V ex). ☛=P. Oxy. 50 3553.",,1,,11,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2139,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2139,"Script is careful uncial of a distinct type associated primarily with legal manuscripts: the bow of A is small, thin and angular; B rises above the line; the tongue of E is thin; the two uprights of N are thick and the cross-stroke thin, as in Greek uncial; the upright of R descends below the line, the bow touches the line, and the last stroke is almost horizontal.
","Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 9 (date V ex). ☛=P. Oxy. 50 3553.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2139.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2139.jpg 2140,1996,"Ancient Cursive","I–II (II¹?)",1,200,S1,1833,"Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1903–4.",,,,"Exercitationes Scribendi (Vergilius, Aeneis 11.371–2).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62950",,,,http://www.csad.ox.ac.uk/POxy/papyri/vol50/pages/3554.htm,"Script is ancient cursive to be compared with London, University College Pap. Hawara 24 (CLA [12.1718](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2023)): an enlarged letter begins the line; the crossbar of **A** is truncated; the uprights of **I** and **L** and the second stroke of **U** are topped by serifs; **O** is smaller than the other letters; the right half of **R** is simplified. ","☛=P. Oxy. 50 3554. ☛Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979). ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 26 (date I ex).",,4,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2140,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2140,"Script is ancient cursive to be compared with London, University College Pap. Hawara 24 (CLA 12.1718): an enlarged letter begins the line; the crossbar of A is truncated; the uprights of I and L and the second stroke of U are topped by serifs; O is smaller than the other letters; the right half of R is simplified.
","Written probably in Egypt. Found at Oxyrhynchus in 1903–4.
","☛=P. Oxy. 50 3554. ☛Scrittura e civiltà 3 (1979). ☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 26 (date I ex).
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2140.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2140.jpg 2142,1997,"Cursive Half-Uncial and Cursive",IV–V,301,500,S1,1834,"Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Textus Incertus.",Papyrus,,,"TM 64594",,,,http://www.csad.ox.ac.uk/POxy/papyri/vol52/pages/3660.htm,"Script manifestly by two hands. The frrst writes early half-uncial with many cursive features: **i**-longa is used after **g** and **t**; the foot of **l** extends horizontally below the following letter. The second script is sloping later cursive. Both hands use majuscule **N** and **O** of varying size.","☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG) p. 462–3.",,,,6,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2142,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2142,"Script manifestly by two hands. The frrst writes early half-uncial with many cursive features: i-longa is used after g and t; the foot of l extends horizontally below the following letter. The second script is sloping later cursive. Both hands use majuscule N and O of varying size.
","Written in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Found at Oxyrhynchus.
","☛Scappaticcio, Artes grammaticae in frammenti (SGLG) p. 462–3.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2142.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2142.jpg 2143,1998,"Irish Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S1,1835,"Written presumably in Ireland. It may have come to North Italy, as there is possibly an analogy with the later attested Milanese liturgy. Probably removed from a binding. Belonged to Henri Omont (1857–1940) whose collection was acquired in 1949–50.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Pentateuchus; Lectionarium (Vulgata, Gn 4.20–6, 6.9–21) ",Parchment,,,"TM 68701",,,,,"Script is careful but not particularly expert Insular majuscule: **a** is sometimes uncial when followed by **e** (and also once in 'Cain'); **d** and **r** have the minuscule form; **n** and **N** are both used, the former being more frequent; **S** is more often majuscule. The rubric is written in Insular minuscule.","☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 429*.",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2143,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2143,"Script is careful but not particularly expert Insular majuscule: a is sometimes uncial when followed by e (and also once in 'Cain'); d and r have the minuscule form; n and N are both used, the former being more frequent; S is more often majuscule. The rubric is written in Insular minuscule.
","Written presumably in Ireland. It may have come to North Italy, as there is possibly an analogy with the later attested Milanese liturgy. Probably removed from a binding. Belonged to Henri Omont (1857–1940) whose collection was acquired in 1949–50.
","☛Gamber, CLLA Suppl. 429*.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2143.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2143.jpg 2144,1997,Uncial,VII¹,601,650,S1,1836,"Written in Spain or South France. Both folios apparently served as fly-leaves, and a Gothic probatio pennae (saec. XIV) seems to associate Frag. 2B with Langres. Formerly belonged to Henri Omont (1857–1940) whose collection was acquired in 1949–50.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum (Breviarium Alarici) (9.15.2–17, 24.2–26.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 68702",,,,http://depot.lias.be/view/action/ieViewer.do?is_mobile=false&is_rtl=false&dps_dvs=1469034904911~33&dps_pid=IE2237407#,"Script is uncial, each leaf having been copied by a different scribe. Shared palaeographical features include: **G** with a relatively short tail; **L** whose foot terminates in a dot; **S** with larger second loop; **T** whose crossbar is either a thin stroke or a slightly thicker stroke commencing with a loop. In Frag. 2A the first stroke of **A** often has a noticeably downward slant and the bow, usually thin, can be rather pointed; **D** has a long stem bent upwards. In Frag. 2B the bow of **A** is usually fuller and exhibits a greater variety of positions, now touching the base-line, now placed above it; the bow of **D** is rounder and the stem inclines to the left; a faint hairline stroke constitutes the tongue of **E**. Several sets of more or less contemporary corrections on both leaves.","☛M. McCormick, Bulletin of Medieval Canon Law N.S. 6 (1976) 1–13. ☛Formerly Leuven, University Library Fragm. H. Omont 2 A.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2144,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2144,"Script is uncial, each leaf having been copied by a different scribe. Shared palaeographical features include: G with a relatively short tail; L whose foot terminates in a dot; S with larger second loop; T whose crossbar is either a thin stroke or a slightly thicker stroke commencing with a loop. In Frag. 2A the first stroke of A often has a noticeably downward slant and the bow, usually thin, can be rather pointed; D has a long stem bent upwards. In Frag. 2B the bow of A is usually fuller and exhibits a greater variety of positions, now touching the base-line, now placed above it; the bow of D is rounder and the stem inclines to the left; a faint hairline stroke constitutes the tongue of E. Several sets of more or less contemporary corrections on both leaves.
","Written in Spain or South France. Both folios apparently served as fly-leaves, and a Gothic probatio pennae (saec. XIV) seems to associate Frag. 2B with Langres. Formerly belonged to Henri Omont (1857–1940) whose collection was acquired in 1949–50.
","☛M. McCormick, Bulletin of Medieval Canon Law N.S. 6 (1976) 1–13. ☛Formerly Leuven, University Library Fragm. H. Omont 2 A.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2144.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2144.jpg 2145,2000,"Alemannic Minuscule","VIII ex ",776,800,S1,1837,"Written in an Alemannic centre. The fragments formerly served as pastedowns. Transferred to Lucerne from Appenzell, Kapuzinerkloster in 1976.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (15.57.68, 15.61.72–16.1.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 68703",,,,,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: both forms of **a**; the ascender of **h** can be s-shaped; all but the first, curved stroke of **z** is placed below the base-line; the **nt** ligature occurs in mid-word; **ri** is written in ligature; the cursive **ti** ligature is used for the hard sound.",,,,4,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2145,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2145,"Script is a pre-Caroline minuscule of the Alemannic type: both forms of a; the ascender of h can be s-shaped; all but the first, curved stroke of z is placed below the base-line; the nt ligature occurs in mid-word; ri is written in ligature; the cursive ti ligature is used for the hard sound.
","Written in an Alemannic centre. The fragments formerly served as pastedowns. Transferred to Lucerne from Appenzell, Kapuzinerkloster in 1976.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2145.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2145.jpg 2146,2001,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1838,"Written presurnably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. Used for binding a book of accounts for the years 1642–46.",,,,"Beda, Homiliae (1.9–10).",Parchment,,,"TM 68704",,,,,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with pointed descenders.","☛Formerly Buttlar, Archiv Number unknown.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2146,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2146,"Script is Anglo-Saxon minuscule with pointed descenders.
","Written presurnably in an Anglo-Saxon centre in Germany. Used for binding a book of accounts for the years 1642–46.
","☛Formerly Buttlar, Archiv Number unknown.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2146.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2146.jpg 2147,2002,Uncial,V,401,500,S1,1839,"Written probably in Italy. Acquired in 1980 together with some Greek documents on papyrus whose provenance seems to be Oxyrhynchus.",,,,"Cicero, In Verrem (2.5.15–16, 39–41).",Parchment,,,"TM 59454",,,,,"Script is calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is triangular; the upper loop of **B** is small; the eye of **E** is very small; **M** is broad and the first stroke is straight; **N** is also broad, and the first upright goes below the line. ","☛Mertens-Pack 2920.1.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2147,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2147,"Script is calligraphic uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is triangular; the upper loop of B is small; the eye of E is very small; M is broad and the first stroke is straight; N is also broad, and the first upright goes below the line.
","Written probably in Italy. Acquired in 1980 together with some Greek documents on papyrus whose provenance seems to be Oxyrhynchus.
","☛Mertens-Pack 2920.1.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2147.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2147.jpg 2148,2003,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S1,1840,"Origin uncertain. Removed from the binding of a book printed at Basel in 1557 which has a seventeenth-century ex-libris in Catalan: 'Es del Dr. Francesch Bugunya'.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarius in Matthaeum (3.20–1).",Parchment,,,"TM 68705",,,,,"Script is a late uncial manifestly by two different hands, one of which has a tendency to squeeze the letters: ascenders of **H** and **L** are noticeably tall, and the foot of **L** sometimes goes below the line; the left half of **M** is often closed; the front stroke of **N** goes below the line, often finishing in a serif or heavy dot, while the second upright is usually comma-shaped; descenders of **p** and **q** are long and pointed.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2148,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2148,"Script is a late uncial manifestly by two different hands, one of which has a tendency to squeeze the letters: ascenders of H and L are noticeably tall, and the foot of L sometimes goes below the line; the left half of M is often closed; the front stroke of N goes below the line, often finishing in a serif or heavy dot, while the second upright is usually comma-shaped; descenders of p and q are long and pointed.
","Origin uncertain. Removed from the binding of a book printed at Basel in 1557 which has a seventeenth-century ex-libris in Catalan: 'Es del Dr. Francesch Bugunya'.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2148.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2148.jpg 2149,2004,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1841,"Origin Bavaria. The fragments were used for the binding of a thirteenth-century schoolbook of the Cistercian monastery of Aldersbach.",,,,"Comes Duplex.",Parchment,,,"TM 68706",,,,,"Early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type, written by two scribes. ","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2933.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2149,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2149,"Early Caroline minuscule of Bavarian type, written by two scribes.
","Origin Bavaria. The fragments were used for the binding of a thirteenth-century schoolbook of the Cistercian monastery of Aldersbach.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 2933.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2149.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2149.jpg 2150,2005,"Early Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S1,1842,"Written doubtless at Salzburg. The manuscript into which the fragments are bound belonged to the episcopal library of Chiemsee.",,,,"Computus Hibernensis.",Parchment,,,"TM 68707",,,,,"Script is a firm upright early Caroline minuscule of the Salzburg type showing Saint-Denis influence: the left leg of **x** hangs down almost vertically; ascenders are thickened and cut off obliquely; ligatures occur e.g. of **ci**, **li**, **NT**, **or**, **ra**, **rt**. At the beginning of a paragraph the name 'agustinus' is written in half-uncial.",,,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2150,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2150,"Script is a firm upright early Caroline minuscule of the Salzburg type showing Saint-Denis influence: the left leg of x hangs down almost vertically; ascenders are thickened and cut off obliquely; ligatures occur e.g. of ci, li, NT, or, ra, rt. At the beginning of a paragraph the name 'agustinus' is written in half-uncial.
","Written doubtless at Salzburg. The manuscript into which the fragments are bound belonged to the episcopal library of Chiemsee.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2150.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2150.jpg 2151,2006,Uncial,V,401,500,S1,1843,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten with a grammatical text at Salzburg in the late eighth eentury. ",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vetus Latina, Mt 9.17–10.10).",Parchment,,,"TM 68708",,,,,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type. ","☛B. Fischer, 'Ein altlateinisches Evangelienfragment' in M. Brecht, ed., Text-Wort-Glaube. (Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte 50; Berlin-New York, 1980), p. 84–111. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2, p. 84 and pl. 3b.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2151,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2151,"Script is excellent uncial of the oldest type.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten with a grammatical text at Salzburg in the late eighth eentury.
","☛B. Fischer, 'Ein altlateinisches Evangelienfragment' in M. Brecht, ed., Text-Wort-Glaube. (Arbeiten zur Kirchengeschichte 50; Berlin-New York, 1980), p. 84–111. ☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2, p. 84 and pl. 3b.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2151.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2151.jpg 2152,2007,Uncial,VII,601,700,S1,1844,"Written presumably in Italy. The fragments were salvaged from the binding of Clm 27128, a twelfth-century legendary from Ottobeuren.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Epistulae Pauli (Vulgata, Hbr 12.26–13.1, 13.9–13).",Parchment,,,"TM 68709",,,,,"Script is carefully written uncial of a later type.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2152,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2152,"Script is carefully written uncial of a later type.
","Written presumably in Italy. The fragments were salvaged from the binding of Clm 27128, a twelfth-century legendary from Ottobeuren.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2152.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2152.jpg 2153,2008,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1845,"Written in South Germany.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (1.15–16).",Parchment,,,"TM 68684",,,,,"Script is a rather formless minuscule: only **a**; flat-topped **g**; ligatures e.g. of **ex**, **ri**, **st** (but also **st** not in ligature). The capital **N** betrays Insular influence.","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 gg. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3444. ",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2153,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2153,"Script is a rather formless minuscule: only a; flat-topped g; ligatures e.g. of ex, ri, st (but also st not in ligature). The capital N betrays Insular influence.
","Written in South Germany.
","☛Formerly Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek CLM 29050 gg. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3444.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2153.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2153.jpg 2154,2009,"Rustic Capital verging on Cursive","II in (c. 100?)",101,125,S1,1846,"Origin uncertain.",,,,"Fragmentum Iuris Romani (?).",Papyrus,,,"TM 68710",,,,,"One small fragment from the upper part of a papyrus roll, in damaged condition; 103 × 33 mm.; remains of 8 lines survive. Points are seen after several words, a symptom of early Roman writing. The papyrus was early reused, as an account was written at right angles on the papyrological verso probably in the second century.","☛ChLA 12.544. ☛Seider, Paläographie 2.2 p. 38–9, no.2 and pl. 1.2.",4,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2154,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2154,"One small fragment from the upper part of a papyrus roll, in damaged condition; 103 × 33 mm.; remains of 8 lines survive. Points are seen after several words, a symptom of early Roman writing. The papyrus was early reused, as an account was written at right angles on the papyrological verso probably in the second century.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛ChLA 12.544. ☛Seider, Paläographie 2.2 p. 38–9, no.2 and pl. 1.2.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2154.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2154.jpg 2155,2010,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S1,1847,"Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Dialogi (3.1–5.7).",Parchment,,,"TM 68711",,,,,"Script is a relatively broad Anglo-Saxon minuscule: descenders including **g** are short; **oc**, **a** (flat-topped), **R** and round **S** are used beside **a**, **r** and **ꞅ**; round **d** prevails by far; **a** occasionally has a long curved shaft even in mid-word; **m** turned sideways occurs at line-end; ligatures with enlarged **e** are frequent. Corrections in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2155,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2155,"Script is a relatively broad Anglo-Saxon minuscule: descenders including g are short; oc, a (flat-topped), R and round S are used beside a, r and ꞅ; round d prevails by far; a occasionally has a long curved shaft even in mid-word; m turned sideways occurs at line-end; ligatures with enlarged e are frequent. Corrections in pointed Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written presumably in England. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2155.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2155.jpg 2156,2011,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,S1,1848,"Written in England. Later presumably in a German monastery.",,,,"Beda, Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum (4.8–9).",Parchment,,,"TM 68712",,,,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule of the compressed type verging on minuscule: **a** mostly majuscule, rarely minuscule, once in the open form; **d** and **n** are minuscule; **r** majuscule (with long stem and open) and minuscule are both used, likewise **s**; ligatures with **e** are frequent; **mi**, **ni**, and **ti** occur. Some contemporary and later corrections. Curiously enough a late-medievai pair of spectacles left a clear offset on the verso.","☛Formerly Münster, Staatsarchiv, Fragmentenkaps. 1 no. 3.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2156,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2156,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon majuscule of the compressed type verging on minuscule: a mostly majuscule, rarely minuscule, once in the open form; d and n are minuscule; r majuscule (with long stem and open) and minuscule are both used, likewise s; ligatures with e are frequent; mi, ni, and ti occur. Some contemporary and later corrections. Curiously enough a late-medievai pair of spectacles left a clear offset on the verso.
","Written in England. Later presumably in a German monastery.
","☛Formerly Münster, Staatsarchiv, Fragmentenkaps. 1 no. 3.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2156.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2156.jpg 2157,2012,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,S1,1849,"Written in England at a Northumbrian centre. In the fourteenth century the fragment served as fly-leaf to a book which belonged to Reynerus de Capella, a monk of the Benedictine monastery at Soest (Westphalia); cf. his ex-libris on the verso. Acquired in 1972.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (18.26.41–42).",Parchment,,,"TM 68682",,,,,"Script is a very careful, regular uncial of the type practiced in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth: the bow of **A** is a thin shallow loop; **R** is generally open; horizontal finials and upper curves are fork-shaped. There are two additions to words at line-ends; the first, in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, is manifestly by an Insular scribe, the second in small uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2157,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2157,"Script is a very careful, regular uncial of the type practiced in the Northumbrian monastery of Jarrow or Wearmouth: the bow of A is a thin shallow loop; R is generally open; horizontal finials and upper curves are fork-shaped. There are two additions to words at line-ends; the first, in Anglo-Saxon minuscule, is manifestly by an Insular scribe, the second in small uncial.
","Written in England at a Northumbrian centre. In the fourteenth century the fragment served as fly-leaf to a book which belonged to Reynerus de Capella, a monk of the Benedictine monastery at Soest (Westphalia); cf. his ex-libris on the verso. Acquired in 1972.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2157.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2157.jpg 2158,2013,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1850,"Written in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions in the Main region or in Hesse.",,,,"Beda, De Temporum Ratione (6, 7, 9).",Parchment,,,"TM 68713",,,,,"Script is narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with not very long descenders: two forms of **d**; **ae** occurs in ligature.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3642.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2158,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2158,"Script is narrow Anglo-Saxon minuscule with not very long descenders: two forms of d; ae occurs in ligature.
","Written in a German centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions in the Main region or in Hesse.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 2 no. 3642.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2158.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2158.jpg 2159,2014,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII med",726,775,S1,1851,"Origin North or Northeast France. Later history unknown.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus, Apocrypha (Vulgata, Esr 6.14–10.1).",Parchment,,,"TM 68714",,,,,"Script is a straight, somewhat stiff minuscule with long ascenders: **a** occurs; **N** is frequent; the last stroke of **r** sweeps over the following low letter; ligatures include **NT**, **r&**, **ro**, **rr**, **uT** and, at the beginning of sentences, **Et** in a form influenced by charter-cursive.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2159,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2159,"Script is a straight, somewhat stiff minuscule with long ascenders: a occurs; N is frequent; the last stroke of r sweeps over the following low letter; ligatures include NT, r&, ro, rr, uT and, at the beginning of sentences, Et in a form influenced by charter-cursive.
","Origin North or Northeast France. Later history unknown.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2159.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2159.jpg 2160,2015,Half-Uncial,"VI vel VII",501,700,S1,1852,"Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the early ninth century in Southeast Switzerland.",,,,"Fragmentum Textus Incerti.",Parchment,,,"TM 68715",,,,,"The script, certainly not majuscule, has been treated with reagent and traced with pencil where it best was seen; it is now illegible.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2160,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2160,"The script, certainly not majuscule, has been treated with reagent and traced with pencil where it best was seen; it is now illegible.
","Origin uncertain. Rewritten in the early ninth century in Southeast Switzerland.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2160.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2160.jpg 2161,2016,Cursive,"VI vel VII¹",501,650,S1,1853,"Origin uncertain. The manuscript whose binding preserves these remains probably belonged to Fleury.",,,,"Leo Magnus, Epistulae (27, 29, 54).",Parchment,,,"TM 68716",,,,,"Script is later Roman cursive with many ligatures: **g** is broad and flat-topped; among the ligatures occur **ff**, **fi**, **oc**, **on**, **te**, **tu**. The names of the consuls in the date of Ep. 27 and the entire address of Ep. 29 are written in good sloping uncial.","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF780.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2161,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2161,"Script is later Roman cursive with many ligatures: g is broad and flat-topped; among the ligatures occur ff, fi, oc, on, te, tu. The names of the consuls in the date of Ep. 27 and the entire address of Ep. 29 are written in good sloping uncial.
","Origin uncertain. The manuscript whose binding preserves these remains probably belonged to Fleury.
","☛Mostert, Fleury, BF780.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2161.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2161.jpg 2162,2017,Half-Uncial,"VII med",626,675,S1,1854,"Written most probably in France. The fragments are amongst the earliest remains of the manuscript tradition of Isidore. The Ambrose manuscript in which they were preserved is supposed to have belonged to Saint-Amand-en-Pévèle.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (18.1.7, 9, 10).",Parchment,,,"TM 68717",,,,,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial: descenders (**f**, **p**) are very long; **G** is uncial.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2162,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2162,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial: descenders (f, p) are very long; G is uncial.
","Written most probably in France. The fragments are amongst the earliest remains of the manuscript tradition of Isidore. The Ambrose manuscript in which they were preserved is supposed to have belonged to Saint-Amand-en-Pévèle.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2162.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2162.jpg 2163,2018,"‘Corbie’ Majuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1855,"Written in all probability at Corbie, or in a nearby region. Recovered when the codex was restored in 1976. The main MS is definitely connected with Corbie: it contains, inter alia, the Regula S Benedicti copied in 1304 at the request of 'Iohannes du Candas officialis Corbeie' (cf. the subscription on fol. 100r) and also documents connected with the monastery of Corbie; the Corbie ex-libris is found on fol. 3r.",,,,"Textus Incertus (Inscriptiones?).",Parchment,,,"TM 68718",,,,,"Script is the characteristic majuscule found with the 'Corbie' a-b type: **A** has the uncial form; **D**, **E** and **Q** are capital; the tail of uncial **G** leans to the left; the foot of **L** ends in a flourish descending below the line; the crossbar of **T** curves around to the left, touching the upright.",,,,5,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2163,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2163,"Script is the characteristic majuscule found with the 'Corbie' a-b type: A has the uncial form; D, E and Q are capital; the tail of uncial G leans to the left; the foot of L ends in a flourish descending below the line; the crossbar of T curves around to the left, touching the upright.
","Written in all probability at Corbie, or in a nearby region. Recovered when the codex was restored in 1976. The main MS is definitely connected with Corbie: it contains, inter alia, the Regula S Benedicti copied in 1304 at the request of 'Iohannes du Candas officialis Corbeie' (cf. the subscription on fol. 100r) and also documents connected with the monastery of Corbie; the Corbie ex-libris is found on fol. 3r.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2163.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2163.jpg 2164,2019,Half-Uncial,"V–VI vel VI in",401,600,S1,1856,"Written in North ltaly, possibly at Ravenna. Formerly used as part of a wrapper for a printed edition of Simplicius' commentary on the Praedicamenta of Aristotle (Venice, 1543) that belonged to M. l'abbé Jean-Marie Charles Bulliot (†1915) and was acquired in 1921.",,,,"Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (5.20–21, 26).",Parchment,,,"TM 68719",,,,,"Script is a careful half-uncial resembling the Ravenna manuscript of Ambrose (Archivio Arcivescovile S.N., CLA [4.410a](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/754)-[b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/755)): **A** and **G** exhibit the uncial form; **D** has both the uncial and half-uncial forms, the former predominating; the cross-strokes of **F** resemble two commas placed one on top of the other; **i**-longa appears initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; uncial **M** occurs once at the end of a word; the shaft of **p** ends in a swing to the right.","☛G. Lanoë, 'Catalogue des manuscrits latins conservés à la Bibliothèque de l'Institut catholique de Paris' Revue d'histoire des textes 31 (2003) p. 356.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2164,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2164,"Script is a careful half-uncial resembling the Ravenna manuscript of Ambrose (Archivio Arcivescovile S.N., CLA 4.410a-b): A and G exhibit the uncial form; D has both the uncial and half-uncial forms, the former predominating; the cross-strokes of F resemble two commas placed one on top of the other; i-longa appears initially, and medially for the semi-vocal sound; uncial M occurs once at the end of a word; the shaft of p ends in a swing to the right.
","Written in North ltaly, possibly at Ravenna. Formerly used as part of a wrapper for a printed edition of Simplicius' commentary on the Praedicamenta of Aristotle (Venice, 1543) that belonged to M. l'abbé Jean-Marie Charles Bulliot (†1915) and was acquired in 1921.
","☛G. Lanoë, 'Catalogue des manuscrits latins conservés à la Bibliothèque de l'Institut catholique de Paris' Revue d'histoire des textes 31 (2003) p. 356.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2164.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2164.jpg 2165,2020,"Rustic Capital and Uncial","IV (?)",301,400,S1,1857,"Origin uncertain.",,,,"Ius Anteiustinianum.",Parchment,,,"TM 63036",,,,,"Script is elegant Rustic Capital. With these fragments are kept two brittle narrow vertical strips; the larger one, which measures 95 × 12 mm, is 16 lines long; on some of the lines one or two uncial letters are seen.","☛Mertens-Pack 3022.3. ☛Van Haelst, Catalogue des papyrus littéraires juifs et chrétiens (Paris 1976) 1214.",,,,2,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2165,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2165,"Script is elegant Rustic Capital. With these fragments are kept two brittle narrow vertical strips; the larger one, which measures 95 × 12 mm, is 16 lines long; on some of the lines one or two uncial letters are seen.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛Mertens-Pack 3022.3. ☛Van Haelst, Catalogue des papyrus littéraires juifs et chrétiens (Paris 1976) 1214.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2165.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2165.jpg 2166,2021,"Sloping Uncial",VI,501,600,S1,1858,"Written apparently in the Byzantine Empire. Found in Egypt.",,,,"Codex Iustiniani (12.59.10, 60.3, 62.3); Digesta (19.2.54) cum glossis Graecis.",Papyrus,,,"TM 61411",,,,http://www.papyrologie.paris-sorbonne.fr/menu1/collections/platin.htm,"One small fragment of a papyrus codex from the upper part of a leaf; remains of 3 lines of the Latin text survive. The text was glossed in Greek in the sixth century.","☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 100. ☛Mertens-Pack 2 2971.",,,,12,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2166,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2166,"One small fragment of a papyrus codex from the upper part of a leaf; remains of 3 lines of the Latin text survive. The text was glossed in Greek in the sixth century.
","Written apparently in the Byzantine Empire. Found in Egypt.
","☛Formerly Paris, Private collection Reinach without number. ☛Cavenaile, CPL 100. ☛Mertens-Pack 2 2971.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2166.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2166.jpg 2167,2022,"Early Caroline Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1859,"Written at Regensburg. The fragments were used for binding the protocols of the Regensburg Chapter of 1617–19.",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Mt 23.35–24.15, 24.39–25.29, 26.6–25).",Parchment,,,"TM 68720",,,,,"Script is excellent early Caroline minuscule with long ascenders and descenders—it is to be compared with Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 13038 from St Emmeram, Regensburg (CLA [9.1288](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1781)) (Gamber's assertion that the script is related to the second hand of the Mondsee Psalter in Montpellier, CLA [6.795](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1209), cannot be accepted): both 'oc' **a** and **a**, **d** and **ꝺ** are used; among the ligatures occur **ent**, **eri**, **nt**, **or**, **ri**, **ro**.","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 236.",,1,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2167,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2167,"Script is excellent early Caroline minuscule with long ascenders and descenders—it is to be compared with Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Clm 13038 from St Emmeram, Regensburg (CLA 9.1288) (Gamber's assertion that the script is related to the second hand of the Mondsee Psalter in Montpellier, CLA 6.795, cannot be accepted): both 'oc' a and a, d and ꝺ are used; among the ligatures occur ent, eri, nt, or, ri, ro.
","Written at Regensburg. The fragments were used for binding the protocols of the Regensburg Chapter of 1617–19.
","☛Bischoff, Südostdeutschen Schreibschulen 2 p. 236.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2167.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2167.jpg 2168,2023,Uncial,VIII,701,800,S1,1860,"Written probably in ltaly. Removed from a binding.",,,,Antiphonarium.,Parchment,,,"TM 68721",,,,,"Script is a small, closely-written uncial of a natural type: the bow of **A** is a small oval placed above the base-line; **i**-longa sometimes occurs initially; **LL** run together; the first and third strokes of **M** form closed loops; **n** has both the majuscule and minuscule forms; at least one instance of minuscule **ri** in ligature ('peccatoris'). A contemporary marginal gloss in ordinary minuscule.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2168,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2168,"Script is a small, closely-written uncial of a natural type: the bow of A is a small oval placed above the base-line; i-longa sometimes occurs initially; LL run together; the first and third strokes of M form closed loops; n has both the majuscule and minuscule forms; at least one instance of minuscule ri in ligature ('peccatoris'). A contemporary marginal gloss in ordinary minuscule.
","Written probably in ltaly. Removed from a binding.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2168.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2168.jpg 2169,2024,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S1,1861,"Written in Germany in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Formerly used as a binding for a book printed at Wittenberg in 1564 which belonged to Leonhard Bausch (†1636) and then to his son Johann Lorenz Bausch (1605–65).",,,,"Testamentum Novum, Evangelia (Vulgata, Lc 1.20–24, 31–36).",Parchment,,,"TM 68722",,,,,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: **a** has two forms; **D** is uncial; **e** is tall and mostly open. Two suprascript corrections, also in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2169,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2169,"Script is an expert Anglo-Saxon minuscule with long descenders: a has two forms; D is uncial; e is tall and mostly open. Two suprascript corrections, also in Anglo-Saxon minuscule.
","Written in Germany in a centre with Anglo-Saxon traditions. Formerly used as a binding for a book printed at Wittenberg in 1564 which belonged to Leonhard Bausch (†1636) and then to his son Johann Lorenz Bausch (1605–65).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2169.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2169.jpg 2170,2025,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,S1,1862,"Written presumably in Central or Northern Italy, Rome not being excluded.",,,,"Testamentum Vetus (Vulgata, Iob 39.24–42.77).",Parchment,,,"TM 68724",,,,,"Script, now much rubbed and faded, is half-uncial with cursive features: the bow of **a** is sometimes open, sometimes closed; the main stroke of **g** is s- or 3-shaped; the shoulder of **r** slopes down in the manner of minuscule **n**; the loop of **e** is usually closed and the tongue extended to form such ligatures as **en**, **er**; the crossbar of **t** is similarly extended for the **te** ligature; **y** has the shape of capital upsilon.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2170,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2170,"Script, now much rubbed and faded, is half-uncial with cursive features: the bow of a is sometimes open, sometimes closed; the main stroke of g is s- or 3-shaped; the shoulder of r slopes down in the manner of minuscule n; the loop of e is usually closed and the tongue extended to form such ligatures as en, er; the crossbar of t is similarly extended for the te ligature; y has the shape of capital upsilon.
","Written presumably in Central or Northern Italy, Rome not being excluded.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2170.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2170.jpg 2171,2026,Uncial,"VII med",626,675,S1,1863,"Written in Italy. The collection of fragments was assembled by Giacomo Morelli (1745–1819), who was the Marciana librarian from 1778–1819.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (2.36.3–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 68725",,,,,"Script is a late uncial: the bow of **A** rests on the line; **D** has a short stem; **LL** run together; **S** is often top-heavy.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2171,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2171,"Script is a late uncial: the bow of A rests on the line; D has a short stem; LL run together; S is often top-heavy.
","Written in Italy. The collection of fragments was assembled by Giacomo Morelli (1745–1819), who was the Marciana librarian from 1778–1819.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2171.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2171.jpg 2172,2027,"Irish Half-Uncial",VII,601,700,S1,1864,"Written presumably in Ireland. Found at Washington, D.C., Folger Shakespeare Library (X d 536) and auctioned at the Sotheby sale of 25 June 1985 (lot 50), where it was purchased by the British Rail Pension Fund and temporarily loaned to Dublin, Trinity College Library. Sold in 1988 to J. Paul Getty, Jr. (London).",,,,"Rufinus, Historia Ecclesiastica (1.1–3, 10).",Parchment,,,"TM 68726",,,,,"Script is an elegantly and fluently written early lnsular half-uncial with both **d** and uncial **d**, both **N** and **n**, minuscule **r** and **s**; **a** once at line-end has a cursive form; the tongue of **e** is high; **g** ends with a small angle below the line; the first stroke of **N** is prolonged, the second almost rests on the line; the lower left limb of **x** is often long. Ligatures found are flat **&**, **t** with attached long **j**, once at line-end **em** with **m** turned sideways. A single minuscule **m** added by an Insular corrector.","☛A. Breen, 'A New Irish Fragment of the Continuatio to Rufinus-Eusebius Historia Ecclesiastica' [Scriptorium 41 (1987) 185–204](http://www.persee.fr/doc/scrip_0036-9772_1987_num_41_2_1483).",,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2172,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2172,"Script is an elegantly and fluently written early lnsular half-uncial with both d and uncial d, both N and n, minuscule r and s; a once at line-end has a cursive form; the tongue of e is high; g ends with a small angle below the line; the first stroke of N is prolonged, the second almost rests on the line; the lower left limb of x is often long. Ligatures found are flat &, t with attached long j, once at line-end em with m turned sideways. A single minuscule m added by an Insular corrector.
","Written presumably in Ireland. Found at Washington, D.C., Folger Shakespeare Library (X d 536) and auctioned at the Sotheby sale of 25 June 1985 (lot 50), where it was purchased by the British Rail Pension Fund and temporarily loaned to Dublin, Trinity College Library. Sold in 1988 to J. Paul Getty, Jr. (London).
","☛A. Breen, 'A New Irish Fragment of the Continuatio to Rufinus-Eusebius Historia Ecclesiastica' Scriptorium 41 (1987) 185–204.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2172.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2172.jpg 2173,2028,Unknown,VIII,701,800,S1,1865,"Palimpsest of an unidentified text in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII, rewritten with a papal letter in early tenth-century minuscule.",,,,"Opus Incertum.",Parchment,"Colker Palimpsest.",,"TM 68727",,,,,,,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2173,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2173,,"Palimpsest of an unidentified text in pre-Caroline minuscule saec. VIII, rewritten with a papal letter in early tenth-century minuscule.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S1/2173.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S1/2173.jpg 2174,2029,"Mixed Uncial and Early Half-Uncial",IV,301,400,S2,1866,"Origin uncertain, perhaps Egypt, to judge from the Greek symptoms.",,,,"Vergilius, Aeneis (10.832–6, 863–7).",Papyrus,,,"TM 62958",,,,http://ww2.smb.museum/berlpap/index.php/04493/,"Script is a mixed uncial (**A D G S**) and early half-uncial (**b d m r**) with some resemblance to CLA [Supplement 1708](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2012): the bow of **A** is shallow and mostly pendant, and it connects to the upright without a penlift; **C** and **G**, both rectangular, are distinguished by the long tail of **G** descending to the left; the bows of **b** and **D** are full; **H** has the capital form; **L** descends below the base-line with its foot extending obliquely or horizontally beneath the next letter; **r** is decidedly square-shouldered; **S** is top-heavy. Greek influence is apparent in **A**, **E**, **P**, and **N** (thin oblique).","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 24.",3,1,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2174,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2174,"Script is a mixed uncial (A D G S) and early half-uncial (b d m r) with some resemblance to CLA Supplement 1708: the bow of A is shallow and mostly pendant, and it connects to the upright without a penlift; C and G, both rectangular, are distinguished by the long tail of G descending to the left; the bows of b and D are full; H has the capital form; L descends below the base-line with its foot extending obliquely or horizontally beneath the next letter; r is decidedly square-shouldered; S is top-heavy. Greek influence is apparent in A, E, P, and N (thin oblique).
","Origin uncertain, perhaps Egypt, to judge from the Greek symptoms.
","☛Scappaticcio, Papyri Vergilianae 24.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2174.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2174.jpg 2176,2030,Uncial,V,401,500,S2,1867,"Origin uncertain, perhaps Africa. Found in 1986 near the medieval monastery of Naqlun in Egypt.",,,,"Livius, Ab Urbe Condita (11, fragm.).",Parchment,,,"TM 61431",,,,,"Script is a bold, angular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is very pointed, often ending in a downward hairline stroke; the upper bow of **B** is a mere comma; the eye of **E** is very small and sometimes closed; the first stroke of **M** is straight; **N** is broad, and the first stroke goes below the line; the bow of **R** is shaped like a large comma.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2176,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2176,"Script is a bold, angular uncial of the oldest type: the bow of A is very pointed, often ending in a downward hairline stroke; the upper bow of B is a mere comma; the eye of E is very small and sometimes closed; the first stroke of M is straight; N is broad, and the first stroke goes below the line; the bow of R is shaped like a large comma.
","Origin uncertain, perhaps Africa. Found in 1986 near the medieval monastery of Naqlun in Egypt.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2176.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2176.jpg 2177,2031,Uncial,VIII–IX,701,900,S2,1868,"Written in Austria, Noricum - Mondsee.",,,,"Liber Comitis.",Parchment,,,"TM 69108",,,,,"Script is a careful, imitation uncial recalling the Ingolstadt Gospels (CLA [9.1325](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1826)) and the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA [9.1347](https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1848), XI, p. 24): the pointed shallow bow of **A** rests on the base-line; the tongue of **E** is central; the tail of **G** is a nearly vertical hairline; shafts begin and end with a tiny hairline at the left and right respectively. Some corrections and marginalia by medieval and later hands.","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 852.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2177,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2177,"Script is a careful, imitation uncial recalling the Ingolstadt Gospels (CLA 9.1325) and the Nuremberg-New York Gospel fragments (CLA 9.1347, XI, p. 24): the pointed shallow bow of A rests on the base-line; the tongue of E is central; the tail of G is a nearly vertical hairline; shafts begin and end with a tiny hairline at the left and right respectively. Some corrections and marginalia by medieval and later hands.
","Written in Austria, Noricum - Mondsee.
","☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 852.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2177.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2177.jpg 2178,2032,"Anglo-Saxon Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S2,1869,"Written in Germany, in a centre with Insular influence.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (1, 2, 3, excerpta). ",Parchment,,,"TM 69111",,,,,,"☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 22254. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 912.",,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2178,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2178,,"Written in Germany, in a centre with Insular influence.
","☛Formerly Cheltenham, Private collection Phillipps 22254. ☛Bischoff, Katalog 1 no. 912.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2178.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2178.jpg 2179,2033,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VI–VII,501,700,S2,1870,"Written and found in France.",,,,"Acta Concilii Antiochensis (19–20).",Parchment,,,"TM 118663",,,,,,,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2179,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2179,,"Written and found in France.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2179.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2179.jpg 2180,2034,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S2,1871,"Written in a Germanic centre with Alemannic minuscule connections.",,,,"Beda, Homiliae (Quia Dominus ac Redemptor, 1.24).",Parchment,,,"TM 67961",,,,,,,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2180,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2180,,"Written in a Germanic centre with Alemannic minuscule connections.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2180.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2180.jpg 2181,2035,"Mixed Uncial and Half-Uncial",VIII,701,800,S2,1872,"Origin presumably France, to judge from the script.",,,,"Dialogus Quaestionum 65 (24–26).",Parchment,,,"TM 118664",,,,,"Script is a curious mixture of uncial and half-uncial with some cursive elements: uncial **a** occasionally occurs, but this letter usually has the **oc** form; **D** and **G** are consistently uncial, **S** and **R** generally so (the half-uncial forms found once each at line-end and in suprascript additions—both forms used once in 'esse'); the long ascender of **D** breaks or curves to the right; the final stroke of **R** is often a medial horizontal; **b**, **f**, and **m** are half-uncial; the first stroke of **m** curves inward, the last is straight; the top of **t** has no finials; ligatures include **ae**, **et**, and **NT**. The script resembles that in CLA [7.862](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1315) except for the forms of **R** and **t**.",,3,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2181,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2181,"Script is a curious mixture of uncial and half-uncial with some cursive elements: uncial a occasionally occurs, but this letter usually has the oc form; D and G are consistently uncial, S and R generally so (the half-uncial forms found once each at line-end and in suprascript additions—both forms used once in 'esse'); the long ascender of D breaks or curves to the right; the final stroke of R is often a medial horizontal; b, f, and m are half-uncial; the first stroke of m curves inward, the last is straight; the top of t has no finials; ligatures include ae, et, and NT. The script resembles that in CLA 7.862 except for the forms of R and t.
","Origin presumably France, to judge from the script.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2181.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2181.jpg 2183,2036,"Irish Minuscule",VII–VIII,601,800,S2,1873,"Written presumably in Ireland. At Glastonbury by 1189 (when Henry of Sully was elected abbot). Formerly used as a wrapper before the volume was rebound in the fifteenth century.",,,,"Isidorus, Etymologiae (6.16.6–17.9, 7.1.29–38).",Parchment,,,"TM 118665",,,,,"Script is an early Irish minuscule with some resemblance to the Schaffhausen Vita S Columbae (CLA [7.998](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/1464)) and the Bangor Antiphonary (CLA [3.311](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/648)): **a** is consistently minuscule; with one exception each, **D** is uncial and **s** minuscule; the shoulder of **r** bends very low; the stem of gamma-shaped **y** often descends below the base-line. Some glosses by a later Insular hand, including one in Old Irish, and also by a later, non-Insular hand.",,,,3,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2183,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2183,"Script is an early Irish minuscule with some resemblance to the Schaffhausen Vita S Columbae (CLA 7.998) and the Bangor Antiphonary (CLA 3.311): a is consistently minuscule; with one exception each, D is uncial and s minuscule; the shoulder of r bends very low; the stem of gamma-shaped y often descends below the base-line. Some glosses by a later Insular hand, including one in Old Irish, and also by a later, non-Insular hand.
","Written presumably in Ireland. At Glastonbury by 1189 (when Henry of Sully was elected abbot). Formerly used as a wrapper before the volume was rebound in the fifteenth century.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2183.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2183.jpg 2184,2037,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII²,751,800,S2,1874,"Written in Northumbria. Formerly used as the cover of a volume in the archive of the Cistercian abbey of St Urban (canton of Lucerne); the volume itself is also in the Staatsarchiv, Lucerne (shelf mark: COD · KU 107b).",,,,"Isidorus, Sententiae (3.59–60). ",Parchment,,,"TM 118666",,,,,"Script is an elegant compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule and resembling the script of CLA [2.194b](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/510); **a** has the minuscule form; **d**, **n**, and **r** are used regularly, **R** occasionally; majuscule **S** is almost as frequent as the minuscule form; **e** is usually theta-shaped; **g** is s-like before **r**; the oblique of **z** plunges below the line; many upright strokes terminate in finials. Text often squeezed at line-ends as if the scribe were making a line-by-line copy of bis exemplar. Some scribal or contemporary corrections.",,,,2,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2184,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2184,"Script is an elegant compressed Anglo-Saxon majuscule verging on minuscule and resembling the script of CLA 2.194b; a has the minuscule form; d, n, and r are used regularly, R occasionally; majuscule S is almost as frequent as the minuscule form; e is usually theta-shaped; g is s-like before r; the oblique of z plunges below the line; many upright strokes terminate in finials. Text often squeezed at line-ends as if the scribe were making a line-by-line copy of bis exemplar. Some scribal or contemporary corrections.
","Written in Northumbria. Formerly used as the cover of a volume in the archive of the Cistercian abbey of St Urban (canton of Lucerne); the volume itself is also in the Staatsarchiv, Lucerne (shelf mark: COD · KU 107b).
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2184.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2184.jpg 2185,2038,Half-Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,S2,1875,"Origin uncertain, presumably North Itaiy. The main manuscript contains Catenae in Genesim et Iohannem in Greek copied in the sixteenth century by Camillo Zanetti. Formerly owned by Francisco de Mendoza (1503–75), García de Loaisa (d. 1599), and the Convent of St Vincent Ferrer, Plasencia.",,,,"Augustinus, Enchiridion (9.28).",Parchment,,,"TM 118667",,,,,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial closely resembling that of CLA [11.1669](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/428): **a** is open; the final stroke of **m** is rounded; the oblique of **N** begins low; **r** has a square shoulder; the upright of **t** is straight, with the topstroke terminating in a downward hook at one or both ends; the bows of **b**, **o**, **p**, and **q** are noticeably round and sometimes open.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2185,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2185,"Script is a well-formed half-uncial closely resembling that of CLA 11.1669: a is open; the final stroke of m is rounded; the oblique of N begins low; r has a square shoulder; the upright of t is straight, with the topstroke terminating in a downward hook at one or both ends; the bows of b, o, p, and q are noticeably round and sometimes open.
","Origin uncertain, presumably North Itaiy. The main manuscript contains Catenae in Genesim et Iohannem in Greek copied in the sixteenth century by Camillo Zanetti. Formerly owned by Francisco de Mendoza (1503–75), García de Loaisa (d. 1599), and the Convent of St Vincent Ferrer, Plasencia.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2185.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2185.jpg 2186,2039,Uncial,VIII¹,701,750,S2,1876,"Written in Northem Italy, probably at Verona. Perhaps served as a pastedown for the original covers (now removed) of the main manuscript, which was No. 25 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Moralia in Iob (5.33–4).",Parchment,,,"TM 118668",,,,,"Script is an ungainly uncial of irregular size and shape with letters sometimes wandering from the imaginary baseline: **A** is usually smaller than other letters; descenders of **F** and **P** extend into the line below; the oblique stroke of **N** is sometimes almost horizontal the bow of **R** is usually open; the top of **T** forms a loop at the left, and the shaft terminates in a curve to the right; the second stroke of **X** extends considerably below the base-line.","☛M. C. Ferrari in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 73–7.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2186,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2186,"Script is an ungainly uncial of irregular size and shape with letters sometimes wandering from the imaginary baseline: A is usually smaller than other letters; descenders of F and P extend into the line below; the oblique stroke of N is sometimes almost horizontal the bow of R is usually open; the top of T forms a loop at the left, and the shaft terminates in a curve to the right; the second stroke of X extends considerably below the base-line.
","Written in Northem Italy, probably at Verona. Perhaps served as a pastedown for the original covers (now removed) of the main manuscript, which was No. 25 in the Bobbio inventory of 1461.
","☛M. C. Ferrari in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 73–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2186.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2186.jpg 2187,2040,Uncial,VI–VII,501,700,S2,1877,"Origin uncertain, presumably ltaly. For its former use in the main manuscript, see CLA [S2.1876](http://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2186).",,,,"Acta S Andreae.",Parchment,,,"TM 118669",,,,,"Script is a calligraphic uncial but not of the oldest type: the bow of **A** is somewhat pointed and lifted; the bows of **D**, **P**, and **R** are open; the hairline tongue of **e** projects well beyond the upper curve; the oblique of **N** starts low, the first stroke often extending below the baseline.","☛M. C. Ferrarri in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 73–7.",,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2187,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2187,"Script is a calligraphic uncial but not of the oldest type: the bow of A is somewhat pointed and lifted; the bows of D, P, and R are open; the hairline tongue of e projects well beyond the upper curve; the oblique of N starts low, the first stroke often extending below the baseline.
","Origin uncertain, presumably ltaly. For its former use in the main manuscript, see CLA S2.1876.
","☛M. C. Ferrarri in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 73–7.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2187.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2187.jpg 2188,2041,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule","VIII ex",776,800,S2,1878,"Written in north France. Removed from a binding. The fragments were studied by Pietro Mazzucchelli, who was associated from 1787 to 1829 with the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in various capacities, finally as Prefect.",,,,"Ambrosiaster, In Epistulas Pauli ad Corinthios; Theodorus Mopsuestenus, Commentarius in Paulum ad Corinthios.",Parchment,,,"TM 118670",,,,,"Script, by two hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule with some affinity to the Corbie a-b type: **a** has three forms; **l** and the shaft of **b** often break towards the foot; the shaft of **d** usually extends below the bow; the ascender of **h** sometimes inclines to the left; **o** usually resembles uncial **D** with the ascender curving to the right; **r** and **s** do not descend below the base-line.","☛M. C. Ferrari in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 69–73.",,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2188,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2188,"Script, by two hands, is a pre-Caroline minuscule with some affinity to the Corbie a-b type: a has three forms; l and the shaft of b often break towards the foot; the shaft of d usually extends below the bow; the ascender of h sometimes inclines to the left; o usually resembles uncial D with the ascender curving to the right; r and s do not descend below the base-line.
","Written in north France. Removed from a binding. The fragments were studied by Pietro Mazzucchelli, who was associated from 1787 to 1829 with the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in various capacities, finally as Prefect.
","☛M. C. Ferrari in Lehner and Berschin (eds.), Lateinische Kultur im VIII. Jahrhundert. Traube-Gedenkschrift p. 69–73.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2188.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2188.jpg 2189,2042,Uncial,"VIII (?)",701,800,S2,1879,"Origin uncertain, presumably Italy.",,,,"Opus Incertum.",Parchment,,,"TM 118671",,,,,"Script is a graceful uncial: the bow of **A** is small and angular; the lower bow of **B** is larger than the upper; the hasta of **E** is central; the first bow of **M** is closed, and the second curves inward; **N** has the minuscule form once; the top of **T** has a hook at the left or at both ends.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2189,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2189,"Script is a graceful uncial: the bow of A is small and angular; the lower bow of B is larger than the upper; the hasta of E is central; the first bow of M is closed, and the second curves inward; N has the minuscule form once; the top of T has a hook at the left or at both ends.
","Origin uncertain, presumably Italy.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2189.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2189.jpg 2190,2043,"Anglo-Saxon Majuscule",VIII¹,701,750,S2,1880,"Written in Northumbria. Formerly used as a binding. A note in sixteenth-century writing on fols. 1v–2r connects the fragment with Werden (""Ego frater Iobannes Assindie dictus prior [1517–42] in Werden profiteor manu propria quod hunc librum qui dicitur Smagaddus super regulam sanctissimi patris nostri Benedicti accepi accommodatuScript is a handsome Anglo-Saxon majuscule: normally d has the minuscule form, N, R, and S the uncial; i-longa is used occasionally; the top stroke of g and T and the ascender of uncial D have a triangular finial at the left.
","Written in Northumbria. Formerly used as a binding. A note in sixteenth-century writing on fols. 1v–2r connects the fragment with Werden ("Ego frater Iobannes Assindie dictus prior [1517–42] in Werden profiteor manu propria quod hunc librum qui dicitur Smagaddus super regulam sanctissimi patris nostri Benedicti accepi accommodatu
Script is an irregular uncial written sometimes above, sometimes on base-line: the bow of A may be round or pointed; the tail of G descends with a leftward swing; the first loop of M is closed; the second upstroke of N is often comma-shaped and meets the oblique above the base-line; the head of T may end with a downward hook at one or both ends.
","Origin uncertain.
","☛Gamber, CLLA 864.
",https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2191.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2191.jpg 2192,2045,"Pre-Caroline Minuscule",VIII²,751,800,S2,1882,"Written in North France, to judge from the script. Was No. 4209 in the Colbert collection and No. 5185 in the Royal collection.",,,,"Lex Romana Visigothorum (mutil. in fin.).",Parchment,,,"TM 118673",,,,,"Script, by more than one hand, is a distinct type of pre-Caroline minuscule: **a** has several forms—a form approaching the Corbie a-b type, and the normal Caroline minuscule form (often at the beginnings of words with pointed bow and long hair-stroke descending well below base-line); here and there **b** with a tag to the right; uncial forms of **a** and **n**, and occasionally uncial **R**, occur in the minuscule; some lines written entirely in uncial; the shaft of **h** sometimes leans to the left; final stroke of **m** often turns inward and may even go below the baseline; numerous ligatures (**et** is noteworthy); in some instances the script approaches the Corbie a-b type or exhibits the knob-like finials of the Maurdramnus type. Some contemporary corrections.",,,3,,1,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2192,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2192,"Script, by more than one hand, is a distinct type of pre-Caroline minuscule: a has several forms—a form approaching the Corbie a-b type, and the normal Caroline minuscule form (often at the beginnings of words with pointed bow and long hair-stroke descending well below base-line); here and there b with a tag to the right; uncial forms of a and n, and occasionally uncial R, occur in the minuscule; some lines written entirely in uncial; the shaft of h sometimes leans to the left; final stroke of m often turns inward and may even go below the baseline; numerous ligatures (et is noteworthy); in some instances the script approaches the Corbie a-b type or exhibits the knob-like finials of the Maurdramnus type. Some contemporary corrections.
","Written in North France, to judge from the script. Was No. 4209 in the Colbert collection and No. 5185 in the Royal collection.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2192.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2192.jpg 2193,2046,"Rhaetian Minuscule",VIII–IX,701,900,S2,1883,"Written in a Rhaetian centre. Formerly used as bindings.",,,,"Hieronymus, Commentarii in Prophetas (In Ioelem 2.5, 7). ",Parchment,,,"TM 118674",,,,,"Script is of the Rhaetian type with pronounced and sometimes erroneous separation of letters and words: the characteristic form of **a** is used regularly; the characteristic and Caroline forms of **t** occur, with the former predominating; uncial and minuscule **d** are used indifferently; the shaft of **h** leans to the left; ligatures frequently used are **en**, **re**, **ri**, and **st**. Some contemporary corrections made suprascript or placed in the margin with signes de renvoi.",,,,7,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2193,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2193,"Script is of the Rhaetian type with pronounced and sometimes erroneous separation of letters and words: the characteristic form of a is used regularly; the characteristic and Caroline forms of t occur, with the former predominating; uncial and minuscule d are used indifferently; the shaft of h leans to the left; ligatures frequently used are en, re, ri, and st. Some contemporary corrections made suprascript or placed in the margin with signes de renvoi.
","Written in a Rhaetian centre. Formerly used as bindings.
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2193.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2193.jpg 2194,2047,Uncial,VII–VIII,601,800,S2,1884,"Origin presumably Italy. Removed from the binding of a printed book according to a note of Federico Patetta on fol. 5 (''dalla rilegatura di libro stampato a Venezia, Aldo, 1498"").",,,,"Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Evangelia (28.2–3).",Parchment,,,"TM 118675",,,,,"Script is a-t uncial: the bow of **A** is shallow and made with thin strokes; the foot of **L** has a finial descending below the line; **LL** run together; the first loop of **M** is closed; the oblique of **N** begins low and extends beyond the comma-like second upright; the bow of **R** is open and in one instance descends almost to the base-line; **S** is top-heavy; the topstroke of **T** begins with a loop.",,,,,,,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/api/v1/catalogue/2194,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/catalogue/2194,"Script is a-t uncial: the bow of A is shallow and made with thin strokes; the foot of L has a finial descending below the line; LL run together; the first loop of M is closed; the oblique of N begins low and extends beyond the comma-like second upright; the bow of R is open and in one instance descends almost to the base-line; S is top-heavy; the topstroke of T begins with a loop.
","Origin presumably Italy. Removed from the binding of a printed book according to a note of Federico Patetta on fol. 5 (''dalla rilegatura di libro stampato a Venezia, Aldo, 1498").
",,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/thumbnail/S2/2194.jpg,https://elmss.nuigalway.ie/img/catalogue/full/S2/2194.jpg