Volume / Number: 8 / 1171

• Göttingen Germany Universitätsbibliothek Apparat. Diplom. 8 C–D (Fragmenta Helmstadiensia)
• Cologne Germany Historisches Archiv W * 351 (Folium Wallraffianum) (now lost)

Written presumably in the East Roman Empire and possibly in Byzantium, to judge by the script. The Göttingen fragments belonged to the library of the University of Helmstedt as early as the seventeenth century; they migrated to Göttingen in 1810. The Cologne fragment comes from the library of Professor Wallraf (†1824).

Script is expert, well-formed uncial of a distinct type found in a number of legal manuscripts, such as the Pommersfelden papyrus fragment and the famous Florentine Digests (CLA 9.1351 and 3.295): the bow of A is small: B is tall and its lower bow usually protrudes; N follows the Greek canon with the two uprights shaded and the oblique thin; the bow of P is compressed and open; R normally resembles a π with its first leg descending below the line, as in archaic half-uncial; S has two forms. A correction on the Cologne leaf in uncial of a somewhat later type.